Article(id=1221483551808209619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1221483541674774769, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-0865, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1590595200000, receivedDateStr=2020-05-28, revisedDate=1595347200000, revisedDateStr=2020-07-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1769153972818, onlineDateStr=2026-01-23, pubDate=1605110400000, pubDateStr=2020-11-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1769153972818, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1769153972818, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769153972818, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1221483541674774769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2020', volume='55', issue='11', pageStart='2491', pageEnd='2750', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1769153970402, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769154342560, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1221485102668890897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1221483541674774769, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1221485102673085202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1221483541674774769, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2702, endPage=2712, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1221483552563184375, articleId=1221483551808209619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=The anti-aging effects of different parts of
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi based on
1H NMR urine metabolomics, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The effects of alcohol extracts from roots, stems, leaves, and flowers of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi (SBG) on endogenous metabolism in D-gal-induced aging-model rats were investigated by 1H NMR metabolomics. Results showed that 32 endogenous metabolites were identified in the urine. Combined with the VIP value and t-test, 14 different metabolites were found by multivariate statistical analysis of the spectrum. Compared with the control group, the content of α-ketoglutaric acid, hippuric acid and 3-hydroxybutyrate in the urine of rats in the model group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) and the content of trimethylamine oxide, glycine, alanine, lactic acid, dimethylglycine, acetate, pyruvate, taurine, allantoin, betaine, N-acetylated glycoprotein was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The metabolites were mainly derived from taurine and hypo-taurine metabolism; glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; pyruvate metabolism; glycolysis/gluconeogenesis; glyoxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism; and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The content of differential metabolites in urine samples was altered by the alcohol extracts from the different parts of SBG. Leaves extracts of SBG had the greatest effect on urine metabolites, and mainly affected taurine and hypo-taurine metabolism; glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; and pyruvate metabolism. This study provides a reliable experimental basis for the future development of SBG. This animal experiment was approved by the Committee on the Ethics of Animal Experiments of Shanxi University (SXULL2016036).
, correspAuthors=Yu-zhi ZHOU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2020 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Meng-ru LI, Yu-zhi ZHOU, Jian-xin CHAI, Qiang CHEN, Li GAO, Guan-hua DU, Xue-mei QIN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1221483554756805545, articleId=1221483551808209619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=基于
1H NMR尿液代谢组学的黄芩不同生长部位抗衰老作用研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
本文利用1H NMR代谢组学技术,考察黄芩不同生长部位(根、茎、叶、花)醇提物对D-半乳糖(D-galactose,D-gal)诱导的衰老模型大鼠尿液中内源性物质代谢的影响,为后期的抗衰老机制研究提供依据。研究结果显示,从空白组收集的尿液核磁谱图中指认出32种内源性代谢物。对所有组的谱图进行多元统计分析,结合VIP值和t检验找到14种差异代谢物,其中与空白组相比,模型组的大鼠尿液中α-酮戊二酸、马尿酸和3-羟基丁酸含量明显降低(P < 0.05),氧化三甲胺、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、乳酸、二甲基甘氨酸、醋酸盐、丙酮酸、牛磺酸、尿囊素、甜菜碱和N-乙酰化糖蛋白含量明显升高。这些代谢物主要涉及牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢;甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢;丙酮酸代谢;糖酵解/糖异生;乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢;三羧酸循环等。黄芩根、茎、叶、花醇提物能够对衰老大鼠尿液样本中的差异代谢物的含量进行不同程度的调节,对衰老大鼠的代谢紊乱起到一定的改善作用。相较于黄芩根、茎、花醇提物,黄芩叶可以调节更多的代谢物,主要涉及牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢;甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢;丙酮酸代谢等。本研究为今后黄芩地上部分的资源开发提供可靠的实验依据。本实验获得山西大学伦理委员会批准(批准号:SXULL2016036)。
, correspAuthors=周玉枝, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2020, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=DnHkHfy8/gNHZ9NYgLTiRQ==, magXml=vPmWUfvkuq15v8jPPWOufg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=V5969ahDTZv/b2x9Uw+eUA==, pdfFileSize=1359805, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=nOl8MKnKI4Tgd3nEHifsuQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=235og+3osiatPZkItQmuGw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=李萌茹, 周玉枝, 柴建新, 陈强, 高丽, 杜冠华, 秦雪梅)}, authors=[Author(id=1221483555318842340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1221483555423699951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, authorId=1221483555318842340, language=EN, stringName=Meng-ru LI, firstName=Meng-ru, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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54: 1382-1391., articleTitle=Research progress about the anti-aging effect and mechanism of flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1221483561861956066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, awardId=201603D3114015, language=CN, fundingSource=山西省重点研发计划重点项目(201603D3114015), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1221483561924870632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, awardId=201605D111004, language=CN, fundingSource=地产中药功效物质研究与利用山西省重点实验室资助项目(201605D111004), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1221483562042311150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, awardId=201605D131045-18, language=CN, fundingSource=山西省科技创新重点团队资助项目(201605D131045-18), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1221483562184917493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, awardId=201703D321023-3, language=CN, fundingSource=山西省重点研发计划项目(201703D321023-3), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1221483562277192185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, awardId=201991, language=CN, fundingSource=山西省留学回国人员科技活动择优资助项目(201991), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1221483555008463806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1221483555016852416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, companyId=1221483555008463806, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Modern Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1221483555021046721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, companyId=1221483555008463806, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西大学中医药现代研究中心, 山西 太原 030006)]), AuthorCompany(id=1221483555096544201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1221483555109127115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, companyId=1221483555096544201, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shanxi Zhen Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changzhi 047100, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1221483555117515724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, companyId=1221483555096544201, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山西振东制药股份有限公司, 山西 长治 047100)]), AuthorCompany(id=1221483555201401810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1221483555205596116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, companyId=1221483555201401810, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1221483555213984724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, companyId=1221483555201401810, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药物研究所, 北京 100050)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1221483559362150730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=m1pKQXmciGUqTwKWgF6Kwg==, figureFileBig=nOl8MKnKI4Tgd3nEHifsuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483559458619731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption=
Effects of alcohol extracts from different growth sites of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) on body weight of D-galactose-treated rats. n = 8, x±s. C: Control group; M: Model group of D-gal induced aging. R, S, L, F respectively represented the drug-treatment groups that given the roots, stems, leaves and flowers of SBG , figureFileSmall=m1pKQXmciGUqTwKWgF6Kwg==, figureFileBig=nOl8MKnKI4Tgd3nEHifsuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483559727055203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=hX55nTeFDdJe+p5t6uKTpg==, figureFileBig=Z1VnKp1NLH2zmwb66GGAQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483559873855851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Alcohol extracts from different growth sites of SBG treatment improved D-gal-induced memory deficits in rats. A: The line chart of mean escape latency time (s) during training trial; B: The comparison of escape latency time (s) on day 5th of training trial; C: The comparison of number of crossing into the former location of the platform during the probe test; D: Comparison of time spent in the target quadrant escape latency time (s) during the probe test. n = 8, x±s. #P < 0.05, ###P < 0.001 vs control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs model group; ΔP < 0.05 vs drug-treated groups , figureFileSmall=hX55nTeFDdJe+p5t6uKTpg==, figureFileBig=Z1VnKp1NLH2zmwb66GGAQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483559991296369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=5tTHD94gr0TWBtIIRNtsYA==, figureFileBig=oKJErMe2k8x97zMXrqzq8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483560112931196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption=
Typical 600 MHz 1H NMR spectra of control rat for metabolites identified from the urine samples , figureFileSmall=5tTHD94gr0TWBtIIRNtsYA==, figureFileBig=oKJErMe2k8x97zMXrqzq8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483560217788805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=+yuLXrNMJNAfQtE9P4SV+Q==, figureFileBig=Iyt+UJfDOJ5l43GLbcYu/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483560314257806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption=
The metabolic profiles of urine samples. A: The Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) score plot among the six groups; B: Validation plot obtained from 200 permutation tests for the PLS-DA models of normal and model groups; C: The orthogonal projection to latent structure discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) score plot from the control and D-gal induced aging groups; D: The S-plots of OPLS-DA score plot between the control and model groups , figureFileSmall=+yuLXrNMJNAfQtE9P4SV+Q==, figureFileBig=Iyt+UJfDOJ5l43GLbcYu/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483560435892628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=tGWI/R9zFmleA1ldlLTzbg==, figureFileBig=1S25hWtbdbEJSFPXEQo8pA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483560662385053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption=
Potential biomarkers of urine samples detected between control and model groups. x±s, n = 6. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs model group , figureFileSmall=tGWI/R9zFmleA1ldlLTzbg==, figureFileBig=1S25hWtbdbEJSFPXEQo8pA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483560775631265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=rdUdFyo6nNoWJ+1vnsSY6Q==, figureFileBig=Us4ZEZVCeYs+Y2z3trQBoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483560880488872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption=
Pathways analysis of urine in rats. A: Summary of pathways analysis. Each point represents one metabolic pathway, the size of the dot and shades of color represent positive correlations with the impact of the metabolic pathways; B: Fold enrichment analysis. The perturbed metabolic pathways were evaluated by enrichment pathway analysis of the urine samples from D-gal induced aging rats compared to that from normal rats. The upper pathways in red changed more significantly and have higher P values; longer bars have higher fold enrichment values and vice versa , figureFileSmall=rdUdFyo6nNoWJ+1vnsSY6Q==, figureFileBig=Us4ZEZVCeYs+Y2z3trQBoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483560968569263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=AUW8zyJlPUf06TWQbCFmqw==, figureFileBig=QCEyig+pXp5OaoTqM+syyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483561090204086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption=
Alterations of metabolites and possible metabolic pathways in urine samples of aging rats. The metabolites in blue font were decreased and red font were increased in urine of model rats, compared with the normal rats. And the arrow in green represented the altered trends of metabolites that were regulated by the leaves of SBG, compared with the model group , figureFileSmall=AUW8zyJlPUf06TWQbCFmqw==, figureFileBig=QCEyig+pXp5OaoTqM+syyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483561211838910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=jtn3B6mzGmJX9FN3Nsfq9Q==, figureFileBig=EzHpeCqA90nKcHtlWUdwnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483561316696518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption=
Number of metabolites regulated by the different drug-treatment groups that given the roots, stems, leaves and flowers of SBG between the serum and urine samples , figureFileSmall=jtn3B6mzGmJX9FN3Nsfq9Q==, figureFileBig=EzHpeCqA90nKcHtlWUdwnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1221483561404776908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Metabolite | Moiety | δH (multiplicity) |
| 1 | Lipids | CH3, (CH2)n, C=CCH2C=C | 0.87 (m); 1.27 (m) |
| 2 | Isoleucine | δCH3, δCH3, δCH3, γCH3, γCH3 | 0.94 (t), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 3 | 3-Hydroxybutyrate | γCH3 | 1.20 (d), J = 4.20 Hz |
| 4 | Lactate | αCH3, βCH3 | 1.33 (d), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 5 | 2-Hydroxyisobutyrate | CH3 | 1.36 (s) |
| 6 | Alanine | βCH3 | 1.48 (d), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 7 | Citrulline | γCH2, βCH2 | 1.56 (m); 1.83 (m) |
| 8 | Acetate | CH3 | 1.93 (s) |
| 9 | N-Acetyl-glycoprotein | CH3 | 2.04 (s) |
| 10 | Pyruvate | CH3 | 2.38 (s) |
| 11 | Succinate | CH2 | 2.41 (s) |
| 12 | α-Ketoglutarate | αCH2, βCH2 | 2.44 (t), J = 7.20 Hz; 3.01 (t), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 13 | α-Oxoglutarate | γCH2, βCH2 | 2.46 (t), J = 6.60 Hz; 3.01 (t), J = 6.60 Hz |
| 14 | Citrate | Half CH2, half CH2 | 2.54 (d), J = 15.00 Hz; 2.66 (d), J = 15.00 Hz |
| 15 | Dimethylamine | CH3 | 2.72 (s) |
| 16 | Dimethylglycine | N-CH3 | 2.92 (s) |
| 17 | Creatinine | CH3, CH2 | 3.04 (s); 4.06 (s) |
| 18 | Malonate | CH2 | 3.15 (s) |
| 19 | Choline | N(CH3)3 | 3.20 (s) |
| 20 | Taurine | N-CH2 | 3.23 (t), J = 6.60 Hz; 3.42 (t), J = 6.60 Hz |
| 21 | TMAO | CH3 | 3.27 (s) |
| 22 | Glycine | CH2 | 3.57 (s) |
| 23 | Phenylacetyl glycine | 2, 6-CH; 3, 5-CH | 3.68 (s); 7.36 (m); 7.42 (m) |
| 24 | Guanidinoacetate | CH2 | 3.80 (s) |
| 25 | Betaine | CH3, CH3 | 3.90 (s) |
| 26 | Hippurate | CH | 3.97 (s), 7.55 (t), J = 7.20 Hz; 7.64 (t), J = 7.20 Hz; 7.84 (d), J = 7.80 Hz |
| 27 | Trigonelline | N-CH3, 1-CH | 4.44 (s); 9.13 (s) |
| 28 | N-Methyl-nicotinamide | CH3 | 4.48 (s); 9.29 (s) |
| 29 | Allantoin | CH | 5.38 (s) |
| 30 | Fumarate | CH, CH3 | 6.53 (s) |
| 31 | Benzoate | CH2 | 7.55 (t), J = 7.20 Hz; 7.88 (d), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 32 | Formate | CH | 8.46 (s) |
), ArticleFig(id=1221483561513828816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
The list of the detailed 1H NMR assignments from urine samples in rats. TMAO: Trimethylamine N-oxide; NAG: N-Acetyl-glycoproteins
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | Metabolite | Moiety | δH (multiplicity) |
| 1 | Lipids | CH3, (CH2)n, C=CCH2C=C | 0.87 (m); 1.27 (m) |
| 2 | Isoleucine | δCH3, δCH3, δCH3, γCH3, γCH3 | 0.94 (t), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 3 | 3-Hydroxybutyrate | γCH3 | 1.20 (d), J = 4.20 Hz |
| 4 | Lactate | αCH3, βCH3 | 1.33 (d), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 5 | 2-Hydroxyisobutyrate | CH3 | 1.36 (s) |
| 6 | Alanine | βCH3 | 1.48 (d), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 7 | Citrulline | γCH2, βCH2 | 1.56 (m); 1.83 (m) |
| 8 | Acetate | CH3 | 1.93 (s) |
| 9 | N-Acetyl-glycoprotein | CH3 | 2.04 (s) |
| 10 | Pyruvate | CH3 | 2.38 (s) |
| 11 | Succinate | CH2 | 2.41 (s) |
| 12 | α-Ketoglutarate | αCH2, βCH2 | 2.44 (t), J = 7.20 Hz; 3.01 (t), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 13 | α-Oxoglutarate | γCH2, βCH2 | 2.46 (t), J = 6.60 Hz; 3.01 (t), J = 6.60 Hz |
| 14 | Citrate | Half CH2, half CH2 | 2.54 (d), J = 15.00 Hz; 2.66 (d), J = 15.00 Hz |
| 15 | Dimethylamine | CH3 | 2.72 (s) |
| 16 | Dimethylglycine | N-CH3 | 2.92 (s) |
| 17 | Creatinine | CH3, CH2 | 3.04 (s); 4.06 (s) |
| 18 | Malonate | CH2 | 3.15 (s) |
| 19 | Choline | N(CH3)3 | 3.20 (s) |
| 20 | Taurine | N-CH2 | 3.23 (t), J = 6.60 Hz; 3.42 (t), J = 6.60 Hz |
| 21 | TMAO | CH3 | 3.27 (s) |
| 22 | Glycine | CH2 | 3.57 (s) |
| 23 | Phenylacetyl glycine | 2, 6-CH; 3, 5-CH | 3.68 (s); 7.36 (m); 7.42 (m) |
| 24 | Guanidinoacetate | CH2 | 3.80 (s) |
| 25 | Betaine | CH3, CH3 | 3.90 (s) |
| 26 | Hippurate | CH | 3.97 (s), 7.55 (t), J = 7.20 Hz; 7.64 (t), J = 7.20 Hz; 7.84 (d), J = 7.80 Hz |
| 27 | Trigonelline | N-CH3, 1-CH | 4.44 (s); 9.13 (s) |
| 28 | N-Methyl-nicotinamide | CH3 | 4.48 (s); 9.29 (s) |
| 29 | Allantoin | CH | 5.38 (s) |
| 30 | Fumarate | CH, CH3 | 6.53 (s) |
| 31 | Benzoate | CH2 | 7.55 (t), J = 7.20 Hz; 7.88 (d), J = 7.20 Hz |
| 32 | Formate | CH | 8.46 (s) |
), ArticleFig(id=1221483561597714902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No | Differential metabolites (C vs M) | Serum | | Urine |
| C vs M | Regulated | C vs M | Regulated |
| 1 | Isobutyric acid | ↓ | R, S, L | | | |
| 2 | 3-Hydroxybutyric acid | ↓ | R, L | ↓ | R, S |
| 3 | Lactate | ↑ | R, L | ↑ | L |
| 4 | Acetone | ↑ | R, S, L | | |
| 5 | Threonine | ↑ | R, S, L | | |
| 6 | Leucine | ↑ | L | | |
| 7 | Lysine | ↑ | R, S, L | | |
| 8 | Glutamate | ↑ | R, S, L, F | | |
| 9 | Glutamine | ↑ | S, L, F | | |
| 10 | Glycine | ↑ | L, F | ↑ | |
| 11 | Glycerol | ↑ | R, L | | |
| 12 | Guanidinoacetate | ↑ | L | | |
| 13 | Taurine | ↓ | | ↑ | S, L, F |
| 14 | Valine | ↓ | F | | |
| 15 | Pyruvate | ↑ | F | ↑ | |
| 16 | Acetate | ↑ | F | ↑ | S, L, F |
| 17 | Alanine | ↑ | F | ↑ | L |
| 18 | TMAO | | | ↑ | L, F |
| 19 | Dimethylglycine | | | ↑ | L |
| 20 | Hippuric acid | | | ↓ | R |
| 21 | Allantoin | | | ↑ | L, F |
| 22 | Betaine | | | ↑ | L |
| 23 | NAG | | | ↑ | |
| 24 | α-Ketoglutarate | | | ↓ | |
), ArticleFig(id=1221483561698378203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1221483551808209619, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=
The summary of the metabolites based on 1H NMR analysis from the serum and urine samples in rats
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No | Differential metabolites (C vs M) | Serum | | Urine |
| C vs M | Regulated | C vs M | Regulated |
| 1 | Isobutyric acid | ↓ | R, S, L | | | |
| 2 | 3-Hydroxybutyric acid | ↓ | R, L | ↓ | R, S |
| 3 | Lactate | ↑ | R, L | ↑ | L |
| 4 | Acetone | ↑ | R, S, L | | |
| 5 | Threonine | ↑ | R, S, L | | |
| 6 | Leucine | ↑ | L | | |
| 7 | Lysine | ↑ | R, S, L | | |
| 8 | Glutamate | ↑ | R, S, L, F | | |
| 9 | Glutamine | ↑ | S, L, F | | |
| 10 | Glycine | ↑ | L, F | ↑ | |
| 11 | Glycerol | ↑ | R, L | | |
| 12 | Guanidinoacetate | ↑ | L | | |
| 13 | Taurine | ↓ | | ↑ | S, L, F |
| 14 | Valine | ↓ | F | | |
| 15 | Pyruvate | ↑ | F | ↑ | |
| 16 | Acetate | ↑ | F | ↑ | S, L, F |
| 17 | Alanine | ↑ | F | ↑ | L |
| 18 | TMAO | | | ↑ | L, F |
| 19 | Dimethylglycine | | | ↑ | L |
| 20 | Hippuric acid | | | ↓ | R |
| 21 | Allantoin | | | ↑ | L, F |
| 22 | Betaine | | | ↑ | L |
| 23 | NAG | | | ↑ | |
| 24 | α-Ketoglutarate | | | ↓ | |
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