Article(id=1220655371379720410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1220655362521351042, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-0308, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1583942400000, receivedDateStr=2020-03-12, revisedDate=1589299200000, revisedDateStr=2020-05-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768956519216, onlineDateStr=2026-01-21, pubDate=1594483200000, pubDateStr=2020-07-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768956519216, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768956519216, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768956519216, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1220655362521351042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2020', volume='55', issue='7', pageStart='1357', pageEnd='1706', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768956517105, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768957228011, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1220658344335950505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1220655362521351042, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1220658344335950506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1220655362521351042, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1590, endPage=1603, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1220655371899814162, articleId=1220655371379720410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Research progress on the puerarin derivatization through biocatalysis, columnId=1190335348648547107, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Reviews, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Puerarin, also known as daidzein 8-C-glucoside, is a major isoflavone glycoside from Pueraria lobata. Puerarin has been shown to possess a variety of pharmacological activities. It has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the further applications are limited due to its low water solubility and poor bioavailability. Structural modification is thus regarded as an efficient approach to improve the solubility and bioavailability of puerarin. Unlike chemical modifications, enzyme-assisted modifications, namely biocatalysis, is a promising alternative for the regioselective synthesis of puerarin derivatives due to its high selectivity. Up to date, acylation, glycosylation and hydroxylation of puerarin had been achieved through enzyme-based biocatalysis. Diverse active puerarin derivatives with improved solubility and bioavailability have been thus developed. Based on modification groups, this paper focused on the progress in the preparation of puerarin derivatives by biocatalysis, in which the whole-cells or pure enzymes were used as the biocatalysts. This article was expected to provide new ideas for the synthesis and development of puerarin drugs.
, correspAuthors=Jian-qiang KONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2020 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xue-ning WANG, Jian-qiang KONG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1220655374294761981, articleId=1220655371379720410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=生物催化介导的葛根素衍生化研究进展, columnId=1190335349655180086, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
葛根素药理活性多样,临床上常用于心脑血管疾病的治疗,但也存在水溶解性差、生物利用度低等问题。结构修饰是改善药物性质的一种重要方法,基于酶法合成的生物催化因其高选择性而成为葛根素结构修饰的主要途径之一。迄今为止,生物催化可以实现葛根素的酰化、糖基化和羟基化等修饰,已开发出多种水溶解性和生物利用度得到改善的活性葛根素衍生物。本文以修饰基团为导向,综述了将全细胞和工具酶作为生物催化剂获得葛根素衍生物的研究进展,以期为葛根素类药物的进一步合成、开发提供新思路。
, correspAuthors=孔建强, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2020, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=UzF6EjKPLP1zu9vwwk5AEw==, magXml=qrtDIWZ8UDDL9pUh8LUWSQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=R50zZExoQ7a7Uj6edr7HVQ==, pdfFileSize=832452, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Ed6T925X3xmi3JG2fOggCQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=ta5dTp2/wxa82nrAcH2+Vg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=王雪凝, 孔建强)}, authors=[Author(id=1220655374760329764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1220655374873575984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, authorId=1220655374760329764, language=EN, stringName=Xue-ning WANG, firstName=Xue-ning, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1220655374957462071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, authorId=1220655374760329764, language=CN, stringName=王雪凝, firstName=雪凝, middleName=null, lastName=王, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药物研究所, 天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委员会天然药物生物合成重点实验室, 北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1220655374592557584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1220655374605140497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, companyId=1220655374592557584, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1220655374621917718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, companyId=1220655374592557584, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药物研究所, 天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委员会天然药物生物合成重点实验室, 北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1220655375058125376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jianqiangk@imm.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1220655375158788682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, authorId=1220655375058125376, language=EN, stringName=Jian-qiang KONG, firstName=Jian-qiang, middleName=null, lastName=KONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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90: 535-546., articleTitle=Molecular characterization of the C-glucosylation for puerarin biosynthesis in Pueraria lobata, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1220655378816222014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, awardId=2018ZX09711001-006, language=CN, fundingSource=重大新药创制科技重大专项(2018ZX09711001-006), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1220655378895913793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, awardId=2016-I2M-3-012, language=CN, fundingSource=中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2016-I2M-3-012), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1220655378996577096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, awardId=2019-I2M-1-005, language=CN, fundingSource=中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2019-I2M-1-005), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1220655379114017613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, awardId=201920100801, language=CN, fundingSource=学科建设项目(201920100801), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1220655374592557584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1220655374605140497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, companyId=1220655374592557584, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1220655374621917718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, companyId=1220655374592557584, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药物研究所, 天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委员会天然药物生物合成重点实验室, 北京 100050)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1220655376547103408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=V3r8315yH/FI6ucSqpYV8g==, figureFileBig=Ed6T925X3xmi3JG2fOggCQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655376664543930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption=
Chemical structure of puerarin , figureFileSmall=V3r8315yH/FI6ucSqpYV8g==, figureFileBig=Ed6T925X3xmi3JG2fOggCQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655376891036364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Zb2guNh2SYaGTOWnsM/D2g==, figureFileBig=qCYC60aIN/5+jO+tPXJHJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655376970728144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Novozym 435-mediated acylation of puerarin with different acyl donors. Acyl donors including: vinyl acetate (C2), vinyl propanoate (C3), vinyl butyrate (C4), vinyl pivalate (C5), vinyl hexanoate (C6), vinyl octanate (C8), vinyl laurate (C12), vinyl myrisate (C14) , figureFileSmall=Zb2guNh2SYaGTOWnsM/D2g==, figureFileBig=qCYC60aIN/5+jO+tPXJHJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377050419926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=lWBs0sSNTxVm5Vl2bch4cg==, figureFileBig=CmH9hiDqpNi6mQbvCEMQuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377134306011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption=
The whole-cell catalyzed transesterification of puerarin with vinyl propanoate. THF: Tetrahydrofuran; 2-Me-THF: 2-Methyl tetrahydrofuran , figureFileSmall=lWBs0sSNTxVm5Vl2bch4cg==, figureFileBig=CmH9hiDqpNi6mQbvCEMQuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377222386403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=6jiq7Pgqmg0grMTrHw/chA==, figureFileBig=YWrpT9MFUaYm+d6drt3uVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377331438309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption=
The whole-cell mediated C6" esterification of puerarin. a: Biotransformation of puerarin to puerarin-6''-O-acetate by Rhodococcus sp. AS 4.1147; b: Biotransformation of puerarin to puerarin-6''-O-phosphate by Bacillus cereus NT02 , figureFileSmall=6jiq7Pgqmg0grMTrHw/chA==, figureFileBig=YWrpT9MFUaYm+d6drt3uVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377448878830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=1EXlSOch0pMKVClbiqZ55w==, figureFileBig=cONZgzdFiHqHfg5laK8uQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377578902261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption=
Enzyme-catalyzed C6" and C3" glycosylation of puerarin. a: BSMA-catalyzed puerarin derivatives containing α-D-glucosyl-(1→6)-puerarin (P1), α-D-maltosyl-(1→6)-puerarin (P2), α-D-glucosyl-(1→3)-puerarin (P4); b: LLDexT-catalyzed puerarin derivatives containing α-D-glucosyl-(1→6)-puerarin (P1), α-D-isomaltosyl-(1→6)-puerarin (P3) , figureFileSmall=1EXlSOch0pMKVClbiqZ55w==, figureFileBig=cONZgzdFiHqHfg5laK8uQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377666982649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=qizkey36BLaERCBfe+Re+g==, figureFileBig=2vdw5wNiaMkwSnr3MKwyPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377759257342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption=
Emzyme-assisted C4" glycosylation of puerarin. a: Endo-A-catalyzed bioformation from puerar into puerarin GlcNAc-derivative; b: TfMA-catalyzed bioformation from puerar into puerarin glucosides (n = 2-8) , figureFileSmall=qizkey36BLaERCBfe+Re+g==, figureFileBig=2vdw5wNiaMkwSnr3MKwyPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377830560514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=4MwbD2GRZ3STOmp6oTxpsQ==, figureFileBig=s9R/RONsBSy2kcvkfqSN6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655377906057990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption=
The whole-cell catalyzed C7 glycosylation towards puerarin (sucrose as a sugar donor). a: Bioformation of puerarin catalyzed by Microbacterium oxydans CGMCC 1788; b: Bioformation of puerarin catalyzed by Lysinibacillus fusiformis CGMCC 4913 , figureFileSmall=4MwbD2GRZ3STOmp6oTxpsQ==, figureFileBig=s9R/RONsBSy2kcvkfqSN6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655378006721292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=ip43BOlPYImIUftX5RU6Vg==, figureFileBig=tMgM8oprpGRjD7xfwnzxPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655378098995990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption=
Generation of monofructosyl and multifructosyl puerarin via hydrophilic organic solvents tolerated bacterial strain of Arthrobacter nicotianae XM6 , figureFileSmall=ip43BOlPYImIUftX5RU6Vg==, figureFileBig=tMgM8oprpGRjD7xfwnzxPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655378182882076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=dtoWIzPIzl90xP6ervP4DA==, figureFileBig=q8N2H2xi8yBqT7ILXZpKrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655378283545377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 9, caption=
C3' hydroxylation of puerarin catalyzed by Gliocladium NT-01 (a), Glioclodium deliguescens AS3.3987 (b) or Trichoderma harzianum CGMCCI523 (c) , figureFileSmall=dtoWIzPIzl90xP6ervP4DA==, figureFileBig=q8N2H2xi8yBqT7ILXZpKrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655378375820070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=xV/P+wA75J2czlpdQ886uA==, figureFileBig=14PuyQ8ZhZN6PEg/LeCPmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655378489066284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Figure 10, caption=
The whole-cell mediated C3' hydroxylation towards 3'-hydroxypuerarin-7-O-fructoside , figureFileSmall=xV/P+wA75J2czlpdQ886uA==, figureFileBig=14PuyQ8ZhZN6PEg/LeCPmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220655378619089717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Enzyme | Enzyme source | Site | Product | Activity | Reference |
| Puerarin acylation |
| Novozym 435 (immobilized) | Candida Antarctica | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-esters* (C = 2-6, 8, 9, 12, 14) Puerarin-6''-O-cinnamoate | a. Higher lipophilicity b. Lower antioxidant ability c. Lower reducing power d. Increased inhibitoryactivities onerythrocyte hemolysis (C3 to C8) | [14] [15] |
| LipozymeIMTL (immobilized) | Thermomyces lanuginosus | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-propinate | [16] |
| LipozymeIMRM (immobilized) | Rhizomucor miehei | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-propinate | [16] |
| Whole cell | Aspergillus oryzae | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-esters* (C = 2-6, 8, 12, 14) | [17] |
| Whole cell | Rhodococcus sp. | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-acetate | [18] |
| Whole cell | Bacillus cereus | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-phosphate* | a. Water solubility: 85.4 fold b. Radical-scavenging activity (25 fold) | [19] |
| Puerarin glycosylation |
| BSMA | Bacillus stearothermophilus | C6'' C3'' | α-D-Glucosyl-(1, 6)-puerarin* α-D-Maltosyl-(1, 6)-puerarin* α-D-Glucosyl-(1, 3)-puerarin | a. Water solubility: 14 fold Water solubility: 168 fold b. Slightly higher antioxidative activity c. Hypocholesterolemicactivities d. Reduced the mutagenic effect of4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (41%) e. No significant toxic effects | [20] [21] [22] [23] |
| LLDexT | Leuconostoc lactis | C6'' | α-D-Glucosyl-(1, 6)-puerarin α-D-Isomaltosyl-(1, 6)-puerarin | a. Water solubility: 15 fold Water solubility: 202 fold | [24] |
| β-Fructosidase/Whole cell | Arthrobacter nicotianae (organic solvent tolerant) | C6'' | β-D-Fructosyl-(2, 6)-puerarin* Multifructosyl puerarin(n = 2-5) | a. Myocardial ischemia treatment b. Tumor treatment (breast cancer andchronic myeloid leukemia) | [25] [26] |
| TSαGT and BSMA | Thermus scotoductus | C6'' | Puerarin-cycloamylose inclusion complex | | [27] |
| Endo-A | Arthrobactor protophormiae | C4'' | Puerarin GlcNAc-derivative | | [28] |
| TfMA | Thermofilum pendens | C4'' | Daidzein 8-C-glucosyl-(α-glucosyl)n-1 | a. Maintained antioxidant activity | [29] |
| β-1, 4-Galactosyl transferase | | C4'' | Galactosyl-α-(1, 4)-puerarin | a. Water solubility: 12 fold b. Better vascular smooth muscle relaxation | [30] |
| Whole cell | Microbacterium oxydans | C7 | Puerarin-7-O-glucoside* Puerarin-7-O-isomaltoside | a. Water solubility: 18 fold Water solubility: 100 fold b. Maintained physiological ability to relaxthe contractions of isolated rat thoracicaortic rings c. Higher plasma concentrations d. Longer mean residence time in the blood | [31] |
| Whole cell | Lysinibacillus fusiformis (organic solvent tolerant) | C7 | Puerarin-7-O-fructoside* Puerarin-7-O-isomaltoside | a. Water solubility: 4 fold b. Improved antioxidant activity | [32] |
| Puerarin hydroxylation |
| Whole cell | Trichoderma harzianum | C3' | 3'-Hydroxypuerarin* 3'-Hydroxypuerarin-7-O-fructoside | a. Water solubility: 1.3 fold b. Radical-scavenging activity (20 fold) | [33] |
| Whole cell | Gliocladium sp. | C3' | 3'-Hydroxypuerarin* | | [34] |
| Whole cell | Glioclodium deliguescens | C3' | 3'-Hydroxypuerarin* | | [35] |
), ArticleFig(id=1220655378698781495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1220655371379720410, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
A literature survey of enzyme-catalyzed puerarin derivatives synthesis. *When the reaction has more than one product, following activities are corresponding to the compound with*
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Enzyme | Enzyme source | Site | Product | Activity | Reference |
| Puerarin acylation |
| Novozym 435 (immobilized) | Candida Antarctica | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-esters* (C = 2-6, 8, 9, 12, 14) Puerarin-6''-O-cinnamoate | a. Higher lipophilicity b. Lower antioxidant ability c. Lower reducing power d. Increased inhibitoryactivities onerythrocyte hemolysis (C3 to C8) | [14] [15] |
| LipozymeIMTL (immobilized) | Thermomyces lanuginosus | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-propinate | [16] |
| LipozymeIMRM (immobilized) | Rhizomucor miehei | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-propinate | [16] |
| Whole cell | Aspergillus oryzae | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-esters* (C = 2-6, 8, 12, 14) | [17] |
| Whole cell | Rhodococcus sp. | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-acetate | [18] |
| Whole cell | Bacillus cereus | C6'' | Puerarin-6''-O-phosphate* | a. Water solubility: 85.4 fold b. Radical-scavenging activity (25 fold) | [19] |
| Puerarin glycosylation |
| BSMA | Bacillus stearothermophilus | C6'' C3'' | α-D-Glucosyl-(1, 6)-puerarin* α-D-Maltosyl-(1, 6)-puerarin* α-D-Glucosyl-(1, 3)-puerarin | a. Water solubility: 14 fold Water solubility: 168 fold b. Slightly higher antioxidative activity c. Hypocholesterolemicactivities d. Reduced the mutagenic effect of4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (41%) e. No significant toxic effects | [20] [21] [22] [23] |
| LLDexT | Leuconostoc lactis | C6'' | α-D-Glucosyl-(1, 6)-puerarin α-D-Isomaltosyl-(1, 6)-puerarin | a. Water solubility: 15 fold Water solubility: 202 fold | [24] |
| β-Fructosidase/Whole cell | Arthrobacter nicotianae (organic solvent tolerant) | C6'' | β-D-Fructosyl-(2, 6)-puerarin* Multifructosyl puerarin(n = 2-5) | a. Myocardial ischemia treatment b. Tumor treatment (breast cancer andchronic myeloid leukemia) | [25] [26] |
| TSαGT and BSMA | Thermus scotoductus | C6'' | Puerarin-cycloamylose inclusion complex | | [27] |
| Endo-A | Arthrobactor protophormiae | C4'' | Puerarin GlcNAc-derivative | | [28] |
| TfMA | Thermofilum pendens | C4'' | Daidzein 8-C-glucosyl-(α-glucosyl)n-1 | a. Maintained antioxidant activity | [29] |
| β-1, 4-Galactosyl transferase | | C4'' | Galactosyl-α-(1, 4)-puerarin | a. Water solubility: 12 fold b. Better vascular smooth muscle relaxation | [30] |
| Whole cell | Microbacterium oxydans | C7 | Puerarin-7-O-glucoside* Puerarin-7-O-isomaltoside | a. Water solubility: 18 fold Water solubility: 100 fold b. Maintained physiological ability to relaxthe contractions of isolated rat thoracicaortic rings c. Higher plasma concentrations d. Longer mean residence time in the blood | [31] |
| Whole cell | Lysinibacillus fusiformis (organic solvent tolerant) | C7 | Puerarin-7-O-fructoside* Puerarin-7-O-isomaltoside | a. Water solubility: 4 fold b. Improved antioxidant activity | [32] |
| Puerarin hydroxylation |
| Whole cell | Trichoderma harzianum | C3' | 3'-Hydroxypuerarin* 3'-Hydroxypuerarin-7-O-fructoside | a. Water solubility: 1.3 fold b. Radical-scavenging activity (20 fold) | [33] |
| Whole cell | Gliocladium sp. | C3' | 3'-Hydroxypuerarin* | | [34] |
| Whole cell | Glioclodium deliguescens | C3' | 3'-Hydroxypuerarin* | | [35] |
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