Article(id=1210518242477600831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210518228766421884, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0591, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1652371200000, receivedDateStr=2022-05-13, revisedDate=1655827200000, revisedDateStr=2022-06-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766539639348, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1670774400000, pubDateStr=2022-12-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766539639348, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766539639348, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539639348, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210518228766421884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2022', volume='57', issue='12', pageStart='0', pageEnd='3698', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766539636078, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539730802, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210518626109624560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210518228766421884, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210518626109624561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210518228766421884, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3587, endPage=3595, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210518243354210389, articleId=1210518242477600831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Panax notoginseng saponins ameliorated LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a kind of lung disease mainly caused by excessive inflammatory reaction. At present, there is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs in clinic. The aim of this study was to investigate the improvement effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on ALI and its potential mechanism. The model of wild-type C57BL/6J mice was established by intratracheal instillation of 50 μL 25 mg·mL-1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 24 h later, 200 and 400 mg·kg-1 PNS was given intragastric, respectively. 24 h after administration, the improvement effect of PNS on ALI mice was evaluated by lung function, wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D), total protein, interleukin 6 (IL6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), expression levels of IL6 and TNFα in lung tissues, pathological changes of lung tissues and expression of inflammatory cells in BALF. The protein expression levels of NF-κB and its upstream kinases in Raw264.7 cells and ALI mice lung tissues were further detected to evaluate the potential mechanism of PNS improving ALI mice. The experimental scheme was approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It was found that 400 mg·kg-1 PNS could significantly improve the lung function of ALI mice, reduce the contents of W/D, BALF total protein, IL6 and TNFα, neutrophils expression in BALF and the infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue. In Raw264.7 cells and ALI mice lung tissue, PNS significantly reduced the expression of NF-κB, reduced the protein expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB, promoted the expression of IκBα, and inhibited the inflammatory response. This study showed that PNS can improve ALI by inhibiting the activity of NF-κB, inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors and inflammatory cells infiltration, alleviating lung inflammation.

, correspAuthors=Zheng-tao WANG, Li-li DING, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2022 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Gan CUI, Qi LI, Fang-fang SHU, Xun-jiang WANG, Ya-juan LI, Li YANG, Zheng-tao WANG, Li-li DING), CN=ArticleExt(id=1210518248601284857, articleId=1210518242477600831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=三七总皂苷通过抑制NF-κB转录活性改善LPS诱导小鼠急性肺损伤的研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

急性肺损伤(acute lung injury, ALI) 是一种以过度炎症反应为主的肺部疾病, 临床上缺乏有效的治疗药物。本研究旨在探究三七总皂苷(Panax notoginseng saponins, PNS) 对ALI的改善作用及潜在的作用机制。野生型C57BL/6J小鼠经气道滴注50 μL 25 mg·mL-1脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS) 溶液进行模型构建。24 h后, 分别灌胃给予200和400 mg·kg-1 PNS。给药24 h后通过检测肺功能、肺组织湿重干重比(W/D)、肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF) 总蛋白浓度、白介素6 (interleukin 6, IL6) 和肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor α, TNFα) 的含量、肺组织Il6Tnfα基因表达水平、肺组织病理学变化及BALF中炎性细胞的表达情况评价PNS对ALI小鼠的改善作用。进一步检测PNS在Raw264.7细胞和ALI小鼠肺组织中NF-κB及其上游激酶的蛋白表达水平, 评价PNS改善ALI小鼠的潜在机制。实验方案经由上海中医药大学动物实验伦理委员会审查通过。本实验发现400 mg·kg-1 PNS可以显著改善ALI小鼠肺功能, 降低W/D、BALF中总蛋白、IL6和TNFα的含量, 降低BALF中中性粒细胞的表达, 减少肺组织炎性细胞浸润。在Raw264.7细胞和ALI小鼠肺组织中, PNS都能显著降低Nf-κb的基因表达, 降低NF-κB的蛋白表达和磷酸化水平, 促进IκBα的表达, 抑制炎症反应。本研究表明, PNS可以抑制ALI小鼠肺组织NF-κB的活性, 抑制炎症因子的释放和炎性细胞浸润, 减轻肺部炎症, 发挥改善ALI的作用。

, correspAuthors=王峥涛, 丁丽丽, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*王峥涛, Tel: 86-21-51322507, Fax: 86-21-51322519, E-mail: ;
丁丽丽, Tel: 86-21-51322496, Fax: 86-21-51322519, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2022, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Qtz7aXNZzB4mGnMIIoHpxA==, magXml=HvDikdYa7uLpLn/CQgHcgg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=IlKeksvoiMVYE66vBCCVxA==, pdfFileSize=4103902, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=ohxTrqIuv+VQ18Qxx9r37g==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=k2q7549nQsKOPYhGY2vXuQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=崔淦, 李琦, 舒方方, 王汛江, 李亚娟, 杨莉, 王峥涛, 丁丽丽)}, authors=[Author(id=1210518250459361617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210518250618745183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, authorId=1210518250459361617, language=EN, stringName=Gan CUI, firstName=Gan, middleName=null, lastName=CUI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1. The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
2. Panax notoginseng Research Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
3. Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210518250748768616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, authorId=1210518250459361617, language=CN, stringName=崔淦, firstName=淦, middleName=null, lastName=崔, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1.上海中医药大学中药研究所, 中药标准化教育部重点实验室暨国家中医药管理局中药新资源与质量评价重点实验室, 上海 201203
2.上海中医药大学三七研究中心, 上海 201203
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Acute lung injury: a clinical and molecular review[J]. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2016, 140: 345-350., articleTitle=Acute lung injury: a clinical and molecular review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210518259011547928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, doi=10.3389/fphar.2018.00850, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=9, issue=null, pageStart=850, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=Front Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang J, Li S, Wang L, et al. Ginsenoside Rg3 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via MerTK-dependent activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway[J]. 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A: Inspiratory time; B: Expiratory time; C: Penh; D: Frequency; E: Tidal volume; F: Expiratory flow 50; G: Wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D); H: Protein concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). <i>n</i> = 8, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> control group (Con); <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> LPS. LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; PNS200: 200 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup> <i>Panax notoginseng</i> saponins; PNS400: 400 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup> <i>Panax notoginseng</i> saponins , figureFileSmall=5mNFvjvYFZdrWLFtrbK9Lg==, figureFileBig=ohxTrqIuv+VQ18Qxx9r37g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518256201364155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=pEQHJoJ+LdlT/b7n0LZ0JQ==, figureFileBig=E2nliOZ3pukSp7wU/PtrHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518256343970494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= PNS improved lung inflammation in ALI mice. A: Representative images of H & E staining of lung; B: The quantitative results of inflammatory cells area; C: Protein concentration of IL6 in BALF; D: Protein concentration of TNF<i>α</i> in BALF; E: <i>Il6</i> gene expression in lung; F: <i>Tnfα</i> gene expression in lung. <i>n</i> = 8, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> Con; <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> LPS , figureFileSmall=pEQHJoJ+LdlT/b7n0LZ0JQ==, figureFileBig=E2nliOZ3pukSp7wU/PtrHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518256436245187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=GCfphFq9EHmUPi6sXPBp3Q==, figureFileBig=mxSA9o/4VqIjGqXFIWc8/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518256545297096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= PNS improved lung inflammatory cells in ALI mice. A: The inflammatory cell population in BALF by flow cytometry; B: Proportion of leukocytes in BALF; C: Proportion of neutrophils in BALF. <i>n</i> = 4, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> Con; <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> LPS , figureFileSmall=GCfphFq9EHmUPi6sXPBp3Q==, figureFileBig=mxSA9o/4VqIjGqXFIWc8/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518256633377488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=KtaKGY/c0Hc89zcOA2uDOw==, figureFileBig=ykveqRF0bhWB7gftGqK2Cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518256717263574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of PNS <i>in vitro</i>. A: Cytotoxicity of PNS; B: Nitric oxide release level; C: <i>Il6</i> gene expression in Raw264.7; D: <i>Tnfα</i> gene expression in Raw264.7; E: NF-<i>κ</i>B activity. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> Con; <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> LPS , figureFileSmall=KtaKGY/c0Hc89zcOA2uDOw==, figureFileBig=ykveqRF0bhWB7gftGqK2Cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518256880841438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Wb/Vs3T/xZnXz5zpk3nlYQ==, figureFileBig=92AoxwDq5zjuV5pHoIFX2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518256977310436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Effects of PNS on expression and activation of NF-<i>κ</i>B and its kinases <i>in vitro</i>. A: Gene expression of <i>Nf-κb</i> in Raw264.7; B: Expression and phosphorylation of NF-<i>κ</i>B in Raw264.7; C: Expression and phosphorylation of NF-<i>κ</i>B kinases in Raw264.7; D-G: Statistical results of gray value of pp65 (D), p65 (E), pIkk (F) and I<i>κ</i>B<i>α</i> (G) in Raw264.7. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05 <i>vs</i> Con; <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> LPS , figureFileSmall=Wb/Vs3T/xZnXz5zpk3nlYQ==, figureFileBig=92AoxwDq5zjuV5pHoIFX2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518257086362344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=WFeFE++EnqM/x1Z7pR72zQ==, figureFileBig=9gdZLZYSYn+hrXWe9LLHPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518257212191472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= Effects of PNS on expression and activation of NF-<i>κ</i>B in ALI mice. A: Gene expression of <i>Nf-κb</i> in ALI mice; B: Expression and phosphorylation of NF-<i>κ</i>B (p65) in ALI mice; C-E: Statistical results of gray value of I<i>κ</i>B<i>α</i> (C), pp65 (D) and p65 (E) in ALI mice. <i>n</i> = 8, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> Con; <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> LPS , figureFileSmall=WFeFE++EnqM/x1Z7pR72zQ==, figureFileBig=9gdZLZYSYn+hrXWe9LLHPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210518257358992116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
NameForward (5′-3′)Reverse (5′-3′)
β-ActinAGCACTGTGTTGGCATAGAGGTCCTTCTTGGGTATGGAATCCTGTG
TnfαGCTGAGCTCAAACCCTGGTACTCCAAAGTAGACCTGCCCG
Il6GGGACTGATGCTGGTGACAAACAGGTCTGTTGGGAGTGGT
Nf-κbAGGCTTCTGGGCCTTATGTGTGCTTCTCTCGCCAGGAATAC
), ArticleFig(id=1210518257484821246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210518242477600831, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

The primer sequence of real-time quantitative PCR. IL6: Interleukin 6; Tnfα: Tumor necrosis factor α

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
NameForward (5′-3′)Reverse (5′-3′)
β-ActinAGCACTGTGTTGGCATAGAGGTCCTTCTTGGGTATGGAATCCTGTG
TnfαGCTGAGCTCAAACCCTGGTACTCCAAAGTAGACCTGCCCG
Il6GGGACTGATGCTGGTGACAAACAGGTCTGTTGGGAGTGGT
Nf-κbAGGCTTCTGGGCCTTATGTGTGCTTCTCTCGCCAGGAATAC
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三七总皂苷通过抑制NF-κB转录活性改善LPS诱导小鼠急性肺损伤的研究
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崔淦 1, 2, 3 , 李琦 1, 2 , 舒方方 1, 3 , 王汛江 1 , 李亚娟 3 , 杨莉 1, 3, 4 , 王峥涛 1, 2, 4, * , 丁丽丽 1, 4, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2022,57(12): 3587-3595
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2022, 57(12): 3587-3595
三七总皂苷通过抑制NF-κB转录活性改善LPS诱导小鼠急性肺损伤的研究
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崔淦1, 2, 3, 李琦1, 2, 舒方方1, 3, 王汛江1, 李亚娟3, 杨莉1, 3, 4, 王峥涛1, 2, 4, * , 丁丽丽1, 4, *
作者信息
  • 1.上海中医药大学中药研究所, 中药标准化教育部重点实验室暨国家中医药管理局中药新资源与质量评价重点实验室, 上海 201203
  • 2.上海中医药大学三七研究中心, 上海 201203
  • 3.上海中医药大学交叉科学研究院, 上海 201203
  • 4.上海中药标准化研究中心, 上海 201203

通讯作者:

*王峥涛, Tel: 86-21-51322507, Fax: 86-21-51322519, E-mail: ;
丁丽丽, Tel: 86-21-51322496, Fax: 86-21-51322519, E-mail:
Panax notoginseng saponins ameliorated LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB
Gan CUI1, 2, 3, Qi LI1, 2, Fang-fang SHU1, 3, Xun-jiang WANG1, Ya-juan LI3, Li YANG1, 3, 4, Zheng-tao WANG1, 2, 4, * , Li-li DING1, 4, *
Affiliations
  • 1. The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
  • 2. Panax notoginseng Research Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
  • 3. Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
  • 4. Shanghai R & D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
出版时间: 2022-12-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0591
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急性肺损伤(acute lung injury, ALI) 是一种以过度炎症反应为主的肺部疾病, 临床上缺乏有效的治疗药物。本研究旨在探究三七总皂苷(Panax notoginseng saponins, PNS) 对ALI的改善作用及潜在的作用机制。野生型C57BL/6J小鼠经气道滴注50 μL 25 mg·mL-1脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS) 溶液进行模型构建。24 h后, 分别灌胃给予200和400 mg·kg-1 PNS。给药24 h后通过检测肺功能、肺组织湿重干重比(W/D)、肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF) 总蛋白浓度、白介素6 (interleukin 6, IL6) 和肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor α, TNFα) 的含量、肺组织Il6Tnfα基因表达水平、肺组织病理学变化及BALF中炎性细胞的表达情况评价PNS对ALI小鼠的改善作用。进一步检测PNS在Raw264.7细胞和ALI小鼠肺组织中NF-κB及其上游激酶的蛋白表达水平, 评价PNS改善ALI小鼠的潜在机制。实验方案经由上海中医药大学动物实验伦理委员会审查通过。本实验发现400 mg·kg-1 PNS可以显著改善ALI小鼠肺功能, 降低W/D、BALF中总蛋白、IL6和TNFα的含量, 降低BALF中中性粒细胞的表达, 减少肺组织炎性细胞浸润。在Raw264.7细胞和ALI小鼠肺组织中, PNS都能显著降低Nf-κb的基因表达, 降低NF-κB的蛋白表达和磷酸化水平, 促进IκBα的表达, 抑制炎症反应。本研究表明, PNS可以抑制ALI小鼠肺组织NF-κB的活性, 抑制炎症因子的释放和炎性细胞浸润, 减轻肺部炎症, 发挥改善ALI的作用。

三七总皂苷  /  急性肺损伤  /  肺部炎症  /  肺功能  /  NF-κB通路

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a kind of lung disease mainly caused by excessive inflammatory reaction. At present, there is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs in clinic. The aim of this study was to investigate the improvement effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on ALI and its potential mechanism. The model of wild-type C57BL/6J mice was established by intratracheal instillation of 50 μL 25 mg·mL-1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 24 h later, 200 and 400 mg·kg-1 PNS was given intragastric, respectively. 24 h after administration, the improvement effect of PNS on ALI mice was evaluated by lung function, wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D), total protein, interleukin 6 (IL6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), expression levels of IL6 and TNFα in lung tissues, pathological changes of lung tissues and expression of inflammatory cells in BALF. The protein expression levels of NF-κB and its upstream kinases in Raw264.7 cells and ALI mice lung tissues were further detected to evaluate the potential mechanism of PNS improving ALI mice. The experimental scheme was approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It was found that 400 mg·kg-1 PNS could significantly improve the lung function of ALI mice, reduce the contents of W/D, BALF total protein, IL6 and TNFα, neutrophils expression in BALF and the infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue. In Raw264.7 cells and ALI mice lung tissue, PNS significantly reduced the expression of NF-κB, reduced the protein expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB, promoted the expression of IκBα, and inhibited the inflammatory response. This study showed that PNS can improve ALI by inhibiting the activity of NF-κB, inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors and inflammatory cells infiltration, alleviating lung inflammation.

Panax notoginseng saponins  /  acute lung injury  /  lung inflammation  /  lung function  /  NF-κB pathway
崔淦, 李琦, 舒方方, 王汛江, 李亚娟, 杨莉, 王峥涛, 丁丽丽. 三七总皂苷通过抑制NF-κB转录活性改善LPS诱导小鼠急性肺损伤的研究. 药学学报, 2022 , 57 (12) : 3587 -3595 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0591
Gan CUI, Qi LI, Fang-fang SHU, Xun-jiang WANG, Ya-juan LI, Li YANG, Zheng-tao WANG, Li-li DING. Panax notoginseng saponins ameliorated LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2022 , 57 (12) : 3587 -3595 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0591
肺是人体重要的气体交换器官。急性肺损伤(acute lung injury, ALI) 是由多种因素诱发, 以过度炎症反应为主的肺部疾病[1]。ALI在动物和人类中都有着高发病率和高死亡率[2]。据统计, 美国每年约有20万ALI患者, 其中死亡率高达40%[3], 但目前尚无明确用于治疗ALI的临床药物[4]。因此, 寻找有效的ALI治疗药物成为亟待解决的问题。
病理学研究表明, ALI是由于病原体入侵肺部, 导致炎性细胞大量浸润, 产生炎症因子, 使肺泡毛细血管膜破裂, 最终引起肺水肿和肺内气体交换受损, 严重时会引发急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS), 导致患者死亡[5-7]。近年来, 大量研究表明, 抑制炎症反应的发生是治疗ALI的最佳策略[8, 9]
核因子-κB (NF-κB) 是细胞活动中与炎症反应密切相关的转录因子[10]。有研究表明, NF-κB在炎症与免疫调节中扮演着重要的角色, 它的激活是导致ALI中组织损伤、炎性细胞浸润的重要原因之一[9, 11, 12]。通过抑制NF-κB的活性可以改善急性肺损伤[13]
三七[Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen] 为五加科植物三七的干燥根和根茎, 主要含有多种皂苷类成分[14]。现代药理学研究表明, 三七具有抗血栓、抗肿瘤、免疫调节等作用[15]。三七总皂苷(Panax notoginseng saponins, PNS) 是由三七提取获得的含量最高的有效部位, 是三七在临床应用中最常见的形式之一[16]。有研究表明, PNS对博来霉素引起的急性弥漫性肺泡损伤具有保护作用[17]; 能降低肺损伤大鼠血清中的肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor α, TNFα)、白介素-6 (interleukin 6, IL6) 的水平[18]。查玉杰等[15]通过网络药理学研究预测了三七中皂苷类成分抗急性肺损伤的可能性。因此, 本研究通过LPS诱导的小鼠急性肺损伤模型探讨PNS对ALI小鼠肺功能的改善作用; 并从抑制炎症反应方面探究其潜在的作用机制, 为三七总皂苷的临床应用提供实验基础和理论依据。
实验动物  8周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠购于上海斯莱克实验动物有限责任公司[合格证号: SCXK (沪) 2020-0009], 饲养于上海中医药大学实验动物中心SPF级饲养室, 室温20 ℃, 湿度60%~70%, 12 h昼夜交替照明, 自由摄食饮水。实验方案均已通过上海中医药大学动物实验伦理委员会批准(伦理编号为PZSHUTCM200807001), 动物福利与实验过程均符合上海中医药大学动物实验伦理委员会规定。
细胞实验  Raw264.7细胞株、HeLa细胞株购自中国科学院细胞库, HeLa稳转κB (HeLa-κB) 细胞为自行构建。细胞以每毫升5×105个铺于96孔培养板或60 mm培养皿中, 并在含有5% CO2的37 ℃细胞培养箱中培养24 h后进行实验。
药品与试剂  脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS) (L2630, 美国Sigma公司); 三七总皂苷(冻干) (Z20025652, 广西梧州制药公司); 小鼠IL6、TNFα酶联免疫试剂盒(上海安迪生物科技有限公司); RNA提取试剂盒(美国EZBisoscience公司); Evo M-MLV反转录试剂、SYBR® Green Pro Taq HS预混型qPCR试剂盒(湖南艾科瑞生物工程有限公司); 通用型组织固定液(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司); CCK-8试剂盒、PBS缓冲液(大连美仑生物技术有限公司); 辣根过氧化物酶标记山羊抗兔IgG、山羊抗鼠IgG (美国Jackson ImmunoResearch公司); β-actin兔单克隆抗体(武汉爱博泰克生物科技有限公司); pIKKα/β兔单克隆抗体(#2697)、IKKβ兔单克隆抗体(#8943)、pp65兔单克隆抗体(#3033) (美国Cell Signaling Technology公司); IKKα鼠单克隆抗体(sc-7606)、IκBα兔单克隆抗体(sc-371)、p65鼠单克隆抗体(sc-8008)、Lamin B1鼠单克隆抗体(sc-56144) (美国Santa Cruz生物技术公司); 细胞核蛋白抽提试剂盒、BCA试剂盒(上海翊圣生物科技有限公司); ONE-GloTM萤光素酶报告基因检测试剂盒(E6110, 美国Promega公司); 一氧化氮检测试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术有限公司); CD45-APC-Cy7抗鼠单克隆抗体(A15395)、CD11b-FITC抗鼠单克隆抗体(11-0112-82)、LY6G-PE抗鼠单克隆抗体(12-5931-82)、流式细胞缓冲液(00-4222-26) (美国Invitrogen公司); Fc受体阻断剂(CDN-ZF1, 安必奇生物公司); Fixable Viability Stain 510细胞死活染料(564406, 美国BD Biosciences公司)。
给药剂量  根据三七总皂苷临床注射剂血栓通的单日最大剂量每次150 mg进行体表面积换算, 确定了小鼠尾静脉注射给药的临床等效剂量为20 mg·kg-1。根据三七总皂苷10%的口服利用度换算, 确定灌胃给药的临床等效剂量为200 mg·kg-1。选择200 mg·kg-1 (1倍临床等效剂量) 和400 mg·kg-1 (2倍临床等效剂量) 进行PNS的体内改善作用评价。
动物分组、造模及给药方法  8周龄小鼠适应性饲养1周后, 随机分成对照组(Con)、模型组(LPS)、三七总皂苷低剂量组(LPS+PNS200) 和三七总皂苷高剂量组(LPS+PNS400), 每组8只。小鼠麻醉后, 模型组和三七总皂苷组经气道滴注50 μL 25 mg·mL-1 LPS溶液进行造模, 对照组给予等量PBS缓冲液。造模24 h后, 三七总皂苷组灌胃给药, 低剂量组给药剂量为200 mg·kg-1, 高剂量组给药剂量为400 mg·kg-1, 给药体积为0.01 mL·g-1, 对照组和模型组给予等量生理盐水。给药24 h后评价各组小鼠肺功能。
肺功能检测  将小鼠放置在全身体积描记系统的检测仓中, 系统平衡后记录10 min内各项指标的数值, 取各项指标的平均值作为该小鼠的肺功能情况。肺功能指标包括吸气时间(inspiratory time, Ti)、呼气时间(expiratory time, Te)、增强呼气间歇(Penh)、呼吸频率(frequency, f)、潮气量(tidal volume, TV) 和呼出50%气量呼气流速(expiratory flow 50, EF50)。
肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF) 指标检测  使用异氟烷将小鼠麻醉后, 脱颈椎处死。结扎左肺叶, 收集BALF及肺组织。BALF以4 ℃离心10 min (3 000 r·min-1), 取上清, 按酶联免疫试剂盒所述方法测定并计算BALF中IL6和TNFα的含量。按照BCA试剂盒说明书, 测定并计算BALF的总蛋白浓度。
肺组织湿重干重比值(W/D) 检测  称取小鼠左肺叶重量计为肺组织湿重(W), 随后放入60 ℃烘箱烘72 h直至完全干燥, 称取此时小鼠左肺叶重量记为干重(D), 计算W/D值。
肺组织病理学检测  切取小鼠左肺叶相同部位, 用通用型组织固定液充满保存, 按照说明书进行苏木精-伊红染色, 于光学显微镜下观察并采集图像。利用ImageJ统计炎性细胞浸润面积。
流式细胞术  使用异氟烷将小鼠麻醉后, 脱颈椎处死, 收集BALF, 以4 ℃离心10 min (1 500 r·min-1), 弃上清。裂解红细胞并确定活细胞数目, 使用1 mL预冷的流式缓冲液洗涤2次, 重悬于100 μL预冷的流式缓冲液中。将抗体分别加入样本管和单染管的细胞悬液中, 4 ℃避光孵育30 min。孵育完成后洗涤2次, 重悬于500 μL预冷的流式缓冲液中。上仪器进行流式细胞检测, 低速记录10 000个CD45+细胞, 结果应用FlowJo 10.6.2软件进行分析。
细胞增殖毒性检测  实验采用CCK-8试剂盒进行细胞增殖毒性检测。实验分成对照组和三七总皂苷组(PNS浓度分别为10、5、2.5、1.25和0.625 mmol·L-1) 6组, 每组3个复孔。给药24 h后按照试剂盒说明书方法检测并计算细胞存活率。
一氧化氮释放检测  实验分成对照组、模型组和三七总皂苷组(PNS浓度分别为10、5、2.5、1.25和0.625 mmol·L-1) 7组, 每组3个复孔。给药30 min后, 模型组和三七总皂苷组每孔加入1 μL 10 μg·mL-1 LPS溶液, 对照组加入等量PBS缓冲液。LPS刺激24 h后按照试剂盒说明书方法检测并计算一氧化氮释放量。
NF-κB转录活性检测  实验分成对照组、模型组和三七总皂苷组(PNS浓度为2.5 mmol·L-1) 3组, 每组3个复孔。给药30 min后, 模型组和三七总皂苷组每孔加入1 μL 10 μg·mL-1 LPS溶液, 对照组加入等量PBS缓冲液。LPS刺激6 h后按照试剂盒说明书方法检测并计算NF-κB活性。
逆转录-聚合酶链式反应分析  称取20 mg左右小鼠肺组织或收集的细胞悬液, 按照RNA抽提试剂盒说明书进行提取, 进行RNA浓度测定后, 根据说明书进行逆转录反应。使用QuantStudio 6 Flex型实时荧光定量PCR仪进行扩增及检测设置。以β-actin为内参基因, 由2-∆∆CT法计算基因的相对表达量, 引物序列表见表 1
蛋白免疫印迹检测  剪取50 mg左右小鼠肺组织或收集的细胞悬液, 加入200 μL RIPA裂解液提取总蛋白, 采用BCA法测定蛋白浓度并定量, 经95 ℃加热变性。取30 μg总蛋白进行蛋白免疫印记分析。使用Photoshop软件对蛋白条带图像进行灰度分析, 以目标蛋白与内参蛋白的比值作为蛋白的相对表达量。
统计学处理  实验结果均以均数±标准差($ \stackrel{-}{x} $ ± s) 表示, 应用Graphpad Prism 9.0软件进行分析。多组数据结果比较, 动物实验采用非参数检验(non-parametric test), 细胞实验采用方差分析(one-way ANOVA), 两组数据比较采用学生t检验(Student t test), P < 0.05视为有统计学意义。
各组小鼠肺功能情况如图 1A~F所示, LPS组小鼠肺功能受损。吸气时间、呼气时间、Penh值较Con组显著增加, 呼吸频率、潮气量、EF50值较Con组显著减少。PNS 400 mg·kg-1干预后, 吸气时间、呼气时间、Penh值显著减少, 呼吸频率、潮气量、EF50值显著增加。LPS组肺组织的W/D值(图 1G) 和BALF的总蛋白浓度(图 1H) 较Con组显著升高, LPS+PNS400组较LPS组则显著降低。以上结果表明, 灌胃400 mg·kg-1 PNS可以改善ALI小鼠的肺功能及肺组织水肿和蛋白渗漏的情况。
各组小鼠肺组织病理学结果(图 2AB) 表明, LPS+PNS400组可以显著减少ALI小鼠肺泡中的炎症细胞浸润, 维持肺泡形态。与LPS组相比, LPS+PNS400组BALF中IL6和TNFα的蛋白水平显著降低(图 2CD)。LPS+PNS400组的肺组织中Il6Tnfα的mRNA表达水平也显著低于LPS组(图 2EF)。以上结果表明, 灌胃400 mg·kg-1 PNS可以减少ALI小鼠肺组织炎性细胞的浸润, 降低肺泡炎症因子的表达, 缓解肺部剧烈的炎症反应。
利用流式细胞术对各组小鼠的BALF进行细胞分群, 分析了三七总皂苷对ALI小鼠BALF中炎性细胞的表达情况(图 3A~C)。流式分析结果表明, LPS组小鼠BALF中白细胞和中性粒细胞的占比显著上升, LPS+PNS400组可以显著降低ALI小鼠BALF中白细胞和中性粒细胞占比, 减少了BALF中中性粒细胞的表达。以上结果表明, 灌胃400 mg·kg-1 PNS可以减少ALI小鼠肺组织内中性粒细胞向肺泡内聚集。
Raw264.7细胞是最常用于体外抗炎活性评价的细胞之一[19]。如图 4A所示, 浓度在10 mmol·L-1以下的PNS作用于Raw264.7细胞, 细胞存活率均高于75%, 证明浓度在10 mmol·L-1以下的PNS无细胞毒性。经LPS刺激后, 使用不同浓度PNS预处理的Raw264.7细胞, 相较于模型组细胞, 其一氧化氮释放水平具有不同程度的下降(图 4B)。其中2.5、5、10 mmol·L-1 PNS组与对照组均无显著性差异, 说明2.5 mmol·L-1 PNS便可将LPS诱导产生的一氧化氮抑制到正常水平。因此, 选择2.5 mmol·L-1 PNS进行后续实验的开展。在细胞水平对炎症因子mRNA水平的表达进行检测发现(图 4CD), 相较于LPS组, 2.5 mmol·L-1 PNS能显著降低细胞中Il6Tnfα的mRNA表达水平。萤光素酶报告基因检测结果表明(图 4E), 2.5 mmol·L-1 PNS可以抑制NF-κB的转录活性。以上结果表明, 2.5 mmol·L-1 PNS在体外具有抗炎作用, 并可以抑制NF-κB的转录活性。
PNS在体外对NF-κB的mRNA表达水平的影响如图 5A所示。LPS可以诱导Raw264.7中Nf-κb mRNA表达水平显著升高, PNS处理后, 可以显著降低Nf-κb mRNA的表达水平。在体外, 利用Western blot对NF-κB及其上游激酶的总蛋白及磷酸化进行了检测(图 5B~G)。PNS干预后, NF-κB (p65) 和Ikkα/β的磷酸化水平和NF-κB (p65) 蛋白的表达水平均显著下调, IκBα蛋白的表达水平显著上调。上述结果表明, PNS在细胞水平可能通过抑制Ikkα/β的磷酸化, 促进IκBα的表达, 抑制NF-κB (p65) 的活性, 降低NF-κB (p65) 的表达。
在ALI小鼠肺组织中, 给予PNS可显著降低Nf-κb的基因表达(图 6A)。同时, PNS显著降低了ALI小鼠肺组织中NF-κB (p65) 的磷酸化水平, 抑制了NF-κB (p65) 的蛋白表达, 对IκBα的蛋白表达有促进的趋势(图 6B~E)。以上结果提示, 灌胃400 mg·kg-1 PNS可以抑制ALI小鼠肺组织中NF-κB (p65) 的活性, 降低NF-κB (p65) 的表达, 从而减轻肺部炎症。
ALI作为一种高发病率、高死亡率病症, 自1967年首次被描述以来, 尚无获得美国食品药品监督管理局或欧洲药物评审组织批准的治疗药物[3, 4]。越来越多的研究者将目光转向了中药, 希望从中找到可以治疗ALI的潜在药物。三七总皂苷是中药注射剂血栓通的主要成分。据文献报道, 三七总皂苷对类风湿关节炎、哮喘、动脉粥样硬化等多种炎性疾病都具有干预作用[20]; 血栓通在临床上也被用于肺源性心脏病和慢阻肺等肺部疾病的治疗[21, 22]。本研究表明, 三七总皂苷可以显著降低ALI小鼠肺部的炎症反应, 减轻肺组织水肿和蛋白渗漏, 改善小鼠肺功能。
越来越多的研究发现, 抑制促炎因子的释放, 调节免疫系统能够促进ALI患者内皮功能的改善, 在降低病死率及改善预后方面具有优势[23]。NF-κB通路是炎症发生及后续炎症因子产生的关键通路, 对该通路的抑制是抑制促炎因子释放的关键[10]。本研究表明, 三七总皂苷可以通过促进IκBα的表达来抑制NF-κB的活性, 降低NF-κB的表达, 从而抑制促炎因子的释放, 减轻ALI小鼠肺部炎症。
近年来。有研究者提出, ALI病理学特征还包括肺组织凝血功能紊乱导致的非微血管血栓的形成[24]。三七作为治疗一切血病之要药, 在促进造血、抗血栓方面有着得天独厚的优势[25, 26]。改善凝血功能、抵抗非微血管血栓的形成可能是三七总皂苷治疗ALI的潜在作用机制之一。
综上所述, 三七总皂苷可以抑制ALI小鼠肺部炎症因子的释放, 降低炎症反应, 减轻肺组织水肿和蛋白渗漏, 改善肺损伤, 其作用机制可能是通过抑制肺组织NF-κB的活性, 降低NF-κB的表达实现的。本研究为临床上应用三七总皂苷治疗ALI提供了新的思路和有力证据。
作者贡献: 崔淦、丁丽丽和杨莉设计实验; 崔淦、李琦、舒方方、王汛江、李亚娟进行实验数据采集与分析; 崔淦、丁丽丽和王峥涛撰写、修改论文。
利益冲突: 无利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金重点项目(82130115)
  • 国家自然科学基金重点国际(地区)合作研究项目(81920108033)
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2022年第57卷第12期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0591
  • 接收时间:2022-05-13
  • 首发时间:2025-12-24
  • 出版时间:2022-12-12
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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-13
  • 修回日期:2022-06-22
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(82130115)
国家自然科学基金重点国际(地区)合作研究项目(81920108033)
作者信息
    1.上海中医药大学中药研究所, 中药标准化教育部重点实验室暨国家中医药管理局中药新资源与质量评价重点实验室, 上海 201203
    2.上海中医药大学三七研究中心, 上海 201203
    3.上海中医药大学交叉科学研究院, 上海 201203
    4.上海中药标准化研究中心, 上海 201203

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*王峥涛, Tel: 86-21-51322507, Fax: 86-21-51322519, E-mail: ;
丁丽丽, Tel: 86-21-51322496, Fax: 86-21-51322519, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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