Article(id=1210517375972143440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210517366081975259, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1650297600000, receivedDateStr=2022-04-19, revisedDate=1654876800000, revisedDateStr=2022-06-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766539432756, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1668182400000, pubDateStr=2022-11-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766539432756, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766539432756, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539432756, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210517366081975259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2022', volume='57', issue='11', pageStart='3259', pageEnd='3450', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766539430399, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539608198, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210518111875363690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210517366081975259, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210518111875363691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210517366081975259, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3429, endPage=3436, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210517376429322610, articleId=1210517375972143440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Long oil emulsion nebulizers for the treatment of acute lung injury, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Acute lung injure (ALI) is a severe diffused lung disease, which is caused by pathogen-induced infections, inhalation of irritates, and so on. It could lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Long oil (LO) is a lipidic mixture extracted from multiple medicinal animals and plants. It has been used for clinical wound repair. Here, an O/W LO emulsions (LOE) was prepared, which was composed of LO, Tween-80, propylene glycol, xanthan gum, and water. The droplet size of LOE was 671.63 ± 7.21 nm, and the zeta potential was-17.8± 1.26 mV. The size of LOE was small and homogenous, and the stability was satisfied. The aerosols had an aerodynamic diameter of 2.25 ± 0.05 μm after atomization of LOE with a vibrating screen atomizer, where the percentage of particle sizes within 1-5 μm was 81.40%, indicating effective deep lung deposition and suitable pulmonary inhalation. The safe dose of LOE was high to 12.50 μg·mL-1 on human embryonic lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells. In the range of 0.02-2.50 μg·mL-1 of LOE, the proliferation and migration of mouse fibroblast L929 cells were improved. Animal experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee of Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, and the experiments were conducted by relevant guidelines and regulations. No significant toxicity was observed after intratracheal (i.t.) administration of LO (3.25 mg·kg-1) to mice. Mouse i.t. administration of LOE remarkably attenuated lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide with mitigations of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6) and total proteins. LOE is a promising inhaled formulation for the treatment of ALI.

, correspAuthors=Yi-guang JIN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2022 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hui ZHANG, Yan LIU, Meng WEI, Dan-dan LING, Lei ZHANG, Yong ZHANG, Yi-guang JIN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1210517379889623567, articleId=1210517375972143440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=治疗急性肺损伤的龙油乳剂雾化吸入溶液研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

急性肺损伤(acute lung injure, ALI)是一种严重的弥漫性肺部疾病, 可由病原体感染、刺激性物质吸入等原因造成, 严重者会发展成急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS)。龙油(Long oil, LO)是一种从多种药用动植物中提取的油脂类混合物, 临床已用于创伤修复。本研究制备了一种O/W型龙油乳剂(Long oil emulsions, LOE), 由LO、Tween-80、丙二醇、黄原胶、水组成, 乳滴大小为671.63±7.21nm, zeta电位为-17.8±1.26mV, 粒径小且均一, 稳定性好, 经振动筛雾化器雾化后的气溶胶空气动力学粒径为2.25±0.05μm, 1~5μm的粒子占81.40%, 可有效沉积到肺深部, 适合肺吸入给药。对于人胚肺成纤维细胞(MRC-5), LOE的安全剂量高达12.50μg·mL-1, 在0.02~2.50μg·mL-1内可促进小鼠成纤维L929细胞增殖和迁移。所有动物实验经军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所伦理委员会批准且实验均按照相关指导原则和规定进行。小鼠经气管喷入LO(3.25 mg·kg-1) 未见明显毒性。小鼠气管喷入LOE可显著减轻脂多糖致ALI, 降低肺组织促炎细胞因子(肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素-6)和总蛋白的释放。LOE有望成为治疗ALI的有临床应用价值的肺吸入制剂。

, correspAuthors=金义光, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*金义光, Tel: 86-10-66931220, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2022, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=tBlhS/XlFV6CIROVsQGVCA==, magXml=EQWNRD/jZOoqifmNoPLfvw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=mEyXm5Vdfof5hK0kP/lagw==, pdfFileSize=2691032, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=5GTx6VuleQevtTz6bC03Aw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=EOrllRdNqJi9PzWp+hDcOQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=章辉, 刘岩, 魏萌, 凌丹丹, 张蕾, 张勇, 金义光)}, authors=[Author(id=1210517380623626808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210517380724290116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517380623626808, language=EN, stringName=Hui ZHANG, firstName=Hui, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210517380858507849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517380623626808, language=CN, stringName=章辉, firstName=辉, middleName=null, lastName=章, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032
2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517380191613471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380200002077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380191613471, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380204196384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380191613471, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032)]), AuthorCompany(id=1210517380304859683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380317442597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380325831206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1210517380963365455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210517381055640152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517380963365455, language=EN, stringName=Yan LIU, firstName=Yan, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210517381185663583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517380963365455, language=CN, stringName=刘岩, firstName=岩, middleName=null, lastName=刘, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517380304859683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380317442597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380325831206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1210517381294715495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210517382569783916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517381294715495, language=EN, stringName=Meng WEI, firstName=Meng, middleName=null, lastName=WEI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210517382678835827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517381294715495, language=CN, stringName=魏萌, firstName=萌, middleName=null, lastName=魏, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517380304859683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380317442597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380325831206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1210517382825636476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210517382951465603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517382825636476, language=EN, stringName=Dan-dan LING, firstName=Dan-dan, middleName=null, lastName=LING, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210517383039545994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517382825636476, language=CN, stringName=凌丹丹, firstName=丹丹, middleName=null, lastName=凌, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032
2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517380191613471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380200002077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380191613471, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380204196384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380191613471, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032)]), AuthorCompany(id=1210517380304859683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380317442597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380325831206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1210517383123432082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210517383245066903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517383123432082, language=EN, stringName=Lei ZHANG, firstName=Lei, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3. Anhui Longjiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 234000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210517383337341594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517383123432082, language=CN, stringName=张蕾, firstName=蕾, middleName=null, lastName=张, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.安徽龙纪元生物科技有限公司, 安徽 宿州 234000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517380506186284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380518769199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380506186284, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Anhui Longjiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 234000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380522963504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380506186284, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.安徽龙纪元生物科技有限公司, 安徽 宿州 234000)])]), Author(id=1210517383417033378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210517383492530857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517383417033378, language=EN, stringName=Yong ZHANG, firstName=Yong, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3. Anhui Longjiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 234000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210517383601582763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517383417033378, language=CN, stringName=张勇, firstName=勇, middleName=null, lastName=张, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.安徽龙纪元生物科技有限公司, 安徽 宿州 234000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517380506186284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380518769199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380506186284, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Anhui Longjiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 234000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380522963504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380506186284, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.安徽龙纪元生物科技有限公司, 安徽 宿州 234000)])]), Author(id=1210517383702246067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jinyg@sina.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210517383794520760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517383702246067, language=EN, stringName=Yi-guang JIN, firstName=Yi-guang, middleName=null, lastName=JIN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, *, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210517383916155576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, authorId=1210517383702246067, language=CN, stringName=金义光, firstName=义光, middleName=null, lastName=金, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, *, address=1.安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032
2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517380191613471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380200002077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380191613471, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380204196384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380191613471, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032)]), AuthorCompany(id=1210517380304859683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380317442597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380325831206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1210517384021013183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Long oil), Keyword(id=1210517384104899268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=oil), Keyword(id=1210517384184591045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=emulsion), Keyword(id=1210517384323003082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=acute lung injury), Keyword(id=1210517384453026510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=pulmonary inhalation), Keyword(id=1210517384528523986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=龙油), Keyword(id=1210517384583049941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=油脂), Keyword(id=1210517384645964504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=乳剂), Keyword(id=1210517384767599323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=急性肺损伤), Keyword(id=1210517384876651229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=肺吸入)], refs=[Reference(id=1210517388102071055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1093/toxsci/kfy309, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=168, issue=null, pageStart=287, pageEnd=301, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Laskin DL, Malaviya R, Laskin JD, journalName=Toxicol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Laskin DL , Malaviya R , Laskin JD . Role of macrophages in acute lung injury and chronic fibrosis induced by pulmonary toxicants[J]. Toxicol Sci, 2019, 168: 287-301., articleTitle=Role of macrophages in acute lung injury and chronic fibrosis induced by pulmonary toxicants, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388185957138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=56, issue=null, pageStart=2658, pageEnd=2668, url=http://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps/cn/article/doi/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-0418, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Huang YQ, Cheng T, Wang WM, journalName=Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Huang YQ , Cheng T , Wang WM et al . Preparation of liposomal sildenafil and its pulmonary delivery for the prevention of high altitude pulmonary edema[J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2021, 56: 2658-2668., articleTitle=Preparation of liposomal sildenafil and its pulmonary delivery for the prevention of high altitude pulmonary edema, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388295009044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1097/ALN.0000000000002583, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=131, issue=null, pageStart=716, pageEnd=749, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Cereda M, Xin Y, Goffi A, journalName=Anesthesiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Cereda M , Xin Y , Goffi A et al . Imaging the injured lung: mechanisms of action and clinical use[J]. Anesthesiology, 2019, 131: 716-749., articleTitle=Imaging the injured lung: mechanisms of action and clinical use, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388383089429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.5858/arpa.2015-0519-RA, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=140, issue=null, pageStart=345, pageEnd=350, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Butt Y, Kurdowska A, Allen TC, journalName=Arch Pathol Lab Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Butt Y , Kurdowska A , Allen TC . Acute lung injury: a clinical and molecular review[J]. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2016, 140: 345-350., articleTitle=Acute lung injury: a clinical and molecular review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388513112854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1042/CS20210879, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=136, issue=null, pageStart=747, pageEnd=769, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Long ME, Mallampalli RK, Horowitz JC, journalName=Clin Sci (Lond), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Long ME , Mallampalli RK , Horowitz JC . Pathogenesis of pneumonia and acute lung injury[J]. Clin Sci (Lond), 2022, 136: 747-769., articleTitle=Pathogenesis of pneumonia and acute lung injury, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388567638807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=69, issue=null, pageStart=s353, pageEnd=s366, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Mokrá D, journalName=Physiol Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Mokrá D . Acute lung injury-from pathophysiology to treatment[J]. Physiol Res, 2020, 69: s353-s366., articleTitle=Acute lung injury-from pathophysiology to treatment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388626359065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.3390/cells10112921, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=2921, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Reichardt SD, Amouret A, Muzzi C, journalName=Cells, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Reichardt SD , Amouret A , Muzzi C et al . The role of glucocorticoids in inflammatory diseases[J]. Cells, 2021, 10: 2921., articleTitle=The role of glucocorticoids in inflammatory diseases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388697662235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.3390/ijms20194765, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=20, issue=null, pageStart=4765, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Mokra D, Mikolka P, Kosutova P, journalName=Int J Mol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Mokra D , Mikolka P , Kosutova P et al . Corticosteroids in acute lung injury: the dilemma continues[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2019, 20: 4765., articleTitle=Corticosteroids in acute lung injury: the dilemma continues, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388781548317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105224, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=163, issue=null, pageStart=105224, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=He YQ, Zhou CC, Yu LY, journalName=Pharmacol Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference= He YQ , Zhou CC , Yu LY et al . Natural product derived phytochemicals in managing acute lung injury by multiple mechanisms[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2021, 163: 105224., articleTitle=Natural product derived phytochemicals in managing acute lung injury by multiple mechanisms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388869628703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.3389/fphar.2020.01066, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=1066, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Zhuang W, Fan Z, Chu Y, journalName=Front Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhuang W , Fan Z , Chu Y et al . Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11: 1066., articleTitle=Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517388957709089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=37, issue=null, pageStart=692, pageEnd=695, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Zhang J, Li Y, Xiang ML, journalName=Mil Med Sci (军事医学), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhang J , Li Y , Xiang ML et al . Preparation and pharmacodynamic study of curcumin liposome dry powder inhalation[J]. Mil Med Sci (军事医学), 2013, 37: 692-695., articleTitle=Preparation and pharmacodynamic study of curcumin liposome dry powder inhalation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389020623651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=41, issue=null, pageStart=211, pageEnd=215, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Xiang XQ, Du LN, Li M, journalName=J Int Pharma Res (国际药学研究杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Xiang XQ , Du LN , Li M et al . Preparation of oridonin dry powder for inhalation and its therapeutic effect on acute lung injury of rats[J]. J Int Pharma Res (国际药学研究杂志), 2014, 41: 211-215., articleTitle=Preparation of oridonin dry powder for inhalation and its therapeutic effect on acute lung injury of rats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389087732517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=55, issue=null, pageStart=1312, pageEnd=1319, url=http://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps/cn/article/doi/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-0118, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Zhang GL, Xiao ZM, Yu X, journalName=Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhang GL , Xiao ZM , Yu X et al . Comparative study of zedoary turmeric oil and curcumol dry powder inhalers for treatment of acute lung injury[J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2020, 55: 1312-1319., articleTitle=Comparative study of zedoary turmeric oil and curcumol dry powder inhalers for treatment of acute lung injury, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389180007207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=45, issue=null, pageStart=772, pageEnd=777, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Ge YY, Zhang TT, Zhag MM, journalName=J Int Pharma Res (国际药学研究杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Ge YY , Zhang TT , Zhag MM et al . Pulmonary delivery of chlorogenic acid β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for therapy of acute lung injury[J]. J Int Pharma Res (国际药学研究杂志), 2018, 45: 772-777., articleTitle=Pulmonary delivery of chlorogenic acid β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for therapy of acute lung injury, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389272281897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1080/10717544.2022.2048135, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=29, issue=null, pageStart=1122, pageEnd=1131, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Wang W, Liu Y, Pan P, journalName=Drug Deliv, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Wang W , Liu Y , Pan P et al . Pulmonary delivery of resveratrol-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for the prevention of zinc chloride smoke-induced acute lung injury[J]. Drug Deliv, 2022, 29: 1122-1131., articleTitle=Pulmonary delivery of resveratrol-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for the prevention of zinc chloride smoke-induced acute lung injury, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389364556587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Y, Zhang L, Shao ZQ, et al., Instant egg-fried rice and its preparation method. [P]. China, CN113367271A, 2021-09-10., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389461025581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=45, issue=null, pageStart=3883, pageEnd=3889, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Liu R, Wei S, Wang XZ, journalName=Chin J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Liu R , Wei S , Wang XZ et al . Proteomics and peptidomics analysis of sepiae endoconcha[J]. Chin J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2020, 45: 3883-3889., articleTitle=Proteomics and peptidomics analysis of sepiae endoconcha, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389536523054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=33, issue=null, pageStart=4013, pageEnd=4015, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Cai XH, journalName=Chin J Tradit Chin Med Pharm (中华中医药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Cai XH . Research progress and direction of marine mineral medicine cuttlebone[J]. Chin J Tradit Chin Med Pharm (中华中医药杂志), 2018, 33: 4013-4015., articleTitle=Research progress and direction of marine mineral medicine cuttlebone, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389666546478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=null, pageStart=1450, pageEnd=1457, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Wei S, Zhen F, Liu R, journalName=Chin J Mod Appl Pharm (中国现代应用药学), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Wei S , Zhen F , Liu R et al . Simultaneous determination of free nucleosides and amino acids in sepiae endoconcha[J]. Chin J Mod Appl Pharm (中国现代应用药学), 2022, 39: 1450-1457., articleTitle=Simultaneous determination of free nucleosides and amino acids in sepiae endoconcha, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389763015472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=23, issue=null, pageStart=928, pageEnd=939, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Li X, Ju R, Li S, journalName=Mod Chin Med (中国现代中药), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Li X , Ju R , Li S . Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Carthamus tinctorius and predictive analysis on quality markers[J]. Mod Chin Med (中国现代中药), 2021, 23: 928-939., articleTitle=Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Carthamus tinctorius and predictive analysis on quality markers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389834318641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=44, issue=null, pageStart=102, pageEnd=112, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Li XR, Li J, Peng C, journalName=J Chengdu Univ Tradit Chin Med (成都中医药大学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Li XR , Li J , Peng C et al . Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Carthamus tinctorius[J]. J Chengdu Univ Tradit Chin Med (成都中医药大学学报), 2021, 44: 102-112., articleTitle=Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Carthamus tinctorius, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517389922399026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.3923/pjbs.2007.3829.3834, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=3829, pageEnd=3834, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Hamrouni-Sellami I, Salah HB, Kchouk ME, journalName=Pak J Biol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Hamrouni-Sellami I , Salah HB , Kchouk ME et al . Variations in phytosterol composition during the ripening of tunisian safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds[J]. Pak J Biol Sci, 2007, 10: 3829-3834., articleTitle=Variations in phytosterol composition during the ripening of tunisian safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517390002090803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1142/S0192415X16500130, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=44, issue=null, pageStart=197, pageEnd=226, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Zhang LL, Tian K, Tang ZH, journalName=Am J Chin Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhang LL , Tian K , Tang ZH et al . Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Carthamus tinctorius L.[J]. Am J Chin Med, 2016, 44: 197-226., articleTitle=Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Carthamus tinctorius L., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517390090171187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1089/jamp.2020.29029.cd, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=33, issue=null, pageStart=181, pageEnd=185, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Darquenne C, journalName=J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Darquenne C . Deposition mechanisms[J]. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2020, 33: 181-185., articleTitle=Deposition mechanisms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517390178251572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.10.011, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=514, issue=null, pageStart=407, pageEnd=419, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Carvalho TC, McCook JP, Narain NR, journalName=Int J Pharm, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Carvalho TC , McCook JP , Narain NR et al . Development of aqueous dispersions of coenzyme Q10 for pulmonary delivery and the dynamics of active vibrating-mesh aerosolization[J]. Int J Pharm, 2016, 514: 407-419., articleTitle=Development of aqueous dispersions of coenzyme Q10 for pulmonary delivery and the dynamics of active vibrating-mesh aerosolization, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517390257943351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1097/ALN.0000000000001570, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=126, issue=null, pageStart=890, pageEnd=908, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Solé-Lleonart C, Rouby JJ, Blot S, journalName=Anesthesiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Solé-Lleonart C , Rouby JJ , Blot S et al . Nebulization of antiinfective agents in invasively mechanically ventilated adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Anesthesiology, 2017, 126: 890-908., articleTitle=Nebulization of antiinfective agents in invasively mechanically ventilated adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517390320857911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=18, issue=null, pageStart=4399, pageEnd=4409, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Li D, Ren W, Jiang Z, journalName=Mol Med Rep, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Li D , Ren W , Jiang Z et al . Regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage pyroptosis by the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in a mouse model of acute lung injury[J]. Mol Med Rep, 2018, 18: 4399-4409., articleTitle=Regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage pyroptosis by the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in a mouse model of acute lung injury, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517391545594680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1038/s41430-017-0048-z, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=72, issue=null, pageStart=1071, pageEnd=1082, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Haghighatdoost F, Nobakht M Gh BF, journalName=Eur J Clin Nutr, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Haghighatdoost F , Nobakht M Gh BF . Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on blood inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials[J]. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2018, 72: 1071-1082., articleTitle=Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on blood inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517393537889083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1016/j.radmp.2022.05.001, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=3, issue=null, pageStart=72, pageEnd=80, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Chen T, Zhuang B, Huang Y, journalName=Radiat Med Protec, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Chen T , Zhuang B , Huang Y et al . Inhaled amifostine for the prevention of radiation-induced lung injury[J]. Radiat Med Protec, 2022, 3: 72-80., articleTitle=Inhaled amifostine for the prevention of radiation-induced lung injury, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517393646940987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1016/j.injury.2017.08.041, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=48, issue=null, pageStart=2400, pageEnd=2406, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Störmann P, Lustenberger T, Relja B, journalName=Injury, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Störmann P , Lustenberger T , Relja B et al . Role of biomarkers in acute traumatic lung injury[J]. Injury, 2017, 48: 2400-2406., articleTitle=Role of biomarkers in acute traumatic lung injury, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517393730827068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.00742.2020, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=130, issue=null, pageStart=877, pageEnd=891, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Habashi NM, Camporota L, Gatto LA, journalName=J Appl Physiol (1985), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Habashi NM , Camporota L , Gatto LA et al . Functional pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2-induced acute lung injury and clinical implications[J]. J Appl Physiol (1985), 2021, 130: 877-891., articleTitle=Functional pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2-induced acute lung injury and clinical implications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517393810518845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1517/14740338.2016.1140743, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=15, issue=null, pageStart=457, pageEnd=465, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Oray M, Abu Samra K, Ebrahimiadib N, journalName=Expert Opin Drug Saf, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Oray M , Abu Samra K , Ebrahimiadib N et al . Long-term side effects of glucocorticoids[J]. Expert Opin Drug Saf, 2016, 15: 457-465., articleTitle=Long-term side effects of glucocorticoids, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517393890210622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1111/1759-7714.13589, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=3047, pageEnd=3052, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Wang H, Zhou J, Guo X, journalName=Thorac Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Wang H , Zhou J , Guo X et al . Use of glucocorticoids in the management of immunotherapy-related adverse effects[J]. Thorac Cancer, 2020, 11: 3047-3052., articleTitle=Use of glucocorticoids in the management of immunotherapy-related adverse effects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517393995068223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1080/10717544.2018.1474970, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=25, issue=null, pageStart=1426, pageEnd=1437, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Zhao J, Liu S, Hu X, journalName=Drug Deliv, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhao J , Liu S , Hu X et al . Improved delivery of natural alkaloids into lung cancer through woody oil-based emulsive nanosystems[J]. Drug Deliv, 2018, 25: 1426-1437., articleTitle=Improved delivery of natural alkaloids into lung cancer through woody oil-based emulsive nanosystems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394057982784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.10.009, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=180, issue=null, pageStart=128, pageEnd=144, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Kumar A, Rao KM, Han SS, journalName=Carbohydr Polym, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Kumar A , Rao KM , Han SS . Application of xanthan gum as polysaccharide in tissue engineering: a review[J]. Carbohydr Polym, 2018, 180: 128-144., articleTitle=Application of xanthan gum as polysaccharide in tissue engineering: a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394141868865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1002/jps.22775, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=101, issue=null, pageStart=566, pageEnd=575, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Manca ML, Manconi M, Valenti D, journalName=J Pharm Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Manca ML , Manconi M , Valenti D et al . Liposomes coated with chitosan-xanthan gum (chitosomes) as potential carriers for pulmonary delivery of rifampicin[J]. J Pharm Sci, 2012, 101: 566-575., articleTitle=Liposomes coated with chitosan-xanthan gum (chitosomes) as potential carriers for pulmonary delivery of rifampicin, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394213172034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1016/j.ejps.2019.104968, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=136, issue=null, pageStart=104968, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Steiner V, Öhlinger K, Corzo C, journalName=Eur J Pharm Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Steiner V , Öhlinger K , Corzo C et al . Cytotoxicity screening of emulsifiers for pulmonary application of lipid nanoparticles[J]. Eur J Pharm Sci, 2019, 136: 104968., articleTitle=Cytotoxicity screening of emulsifiers for pulmonary application of lipid nanoparticles, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394284475203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1208/s12248-010-9190-4, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=12, issue=null, pageStart=294, pageEnd=299, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Al-Hallak MH, Azarmi S, Sun C, journalName=AAPS J, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Al-Hallak MH , Azarmi S , Sun C et al . Pulmonary toxicity of polysorbate-80-coated inhalable nanoparticles; in vitro and in vivo evaluation[J]. AAPS J, 2010, 12: 294-299., articleTitle=Pulmonary toxicity of polysorbate-80-coated inhalable nanoparticles; in vitro and in vivo evaluation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394355778372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=10.1089/jamp.2008.0740, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=23, issue=null, pageStart=41, pageEnd=46, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=38, authorNames=Montharu J, Le Guellec S, Kittel B, journalName=J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Montharu J , Le Guellec S , Kittel B et al . Evaluation of lung tolerance of ethanol, propylene glycol, and sorbitan monooleate as solvents in medical aerosols[J]. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2010, 23: 41-46., articleTitle=Evaluation of lung tolerance of ethanol, propylene glycol, and sorbitan monooleate as solvents in medical aerosols, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394422887237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=2014, issue=null, pageStart=651593, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=39, authorNames=Bilia AR, Guccione C, Isacchi B, journalName=Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Bilia AR , Guccione C , Isacchi B et al . Essential oils loaded in nanosystems: a developing strategy for a successful therapeutic approach[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2014, 2014: 651593., articleTitle=Essential oils loaded in nanosystems: a developing strategy for a successful therapeutic approach, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394498384710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=9, issue=null, pageStart=1741, pageEnd=1751, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=40, authorNames=Lai WY, Wang JW, Huang BT, journalName=Theranostics, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Lai WY , Wang JW , Huang BT et al . A novel TNF-α-targeting aptamer for TNF-α-mediated acute lung injury and acute liver failure[J]. Theranostics, 2019, 9: 1741-1751., articleTitle=A novel TNF-α-targeting aptamer for TNF-α-mediated acute lung injury and acute liver failure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394565493575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=142, issue=null, pageStart=111949, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=41, authorNames=Song D, Zhao M, Feng L, journalName=Biomed Pharmacother, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Song D , Zhao M , Feng L et al . Salidroside attenuates acute lung injury via inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 142: 111949., articleTitle=Salidroside attenuates acute lung injury via inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394611630920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=8, issue=null, pageStart=1163, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=42, authorNames=Murray DD, Itenov TS, Sivapalan P, journalName=J Clin Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Murray DD , Itenov TS , Sivapalan P et al . Biomarkers of acute lung injury the individualized approach: for phenotyping, risk stratification and treatment surveillance[J]. J Clin Med, 2019, 8: 1163., articleTitle=Biomarkers of acute lung injury the individualized approach: for phenotyping, risk stratification and treatment surveillance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394674545481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=23, issue=null, pageStart=243, pageEnd=252, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=43, authorNames=Johnson ER, Matthay MA, journalName=J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Johnson ER , Matthay MA . Acute lung injury: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment[J]. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2010, 23: 243-252., articleTitle=Acute lung injury: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394745848650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=14, issue=null, pageStart=195, pageEnd=206, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[45], rfOrder=44, authorNames=Zhao Y, Wang HL, Li TT, journalName=Drug Des Devel Ther, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhao Y , Wang HL , Li TT et al . Baicalin ameliorates dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis by regulation of the RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling pathway[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2020, 14: 195-206., articleTitle=Baicalin ameliorates dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis by regulation of the RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling pathway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210517394817151819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=53, issue=null, pageStart=1633, pageEnd=1635, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=45, authorNames=Kahara T, Tanaka Y, Hayashi K, journalName=Intern Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Kahara T , Tanaka Y , Hayashi K et al . Overt diabetes mellitus caused by the topical administration of dexamethasone ointment on the oral mucosa[J]. Intern Med, 2014, 53: 1633-1635., articleTitle=Overt diabetes mellitus caused by the topical administration of dexamethasone ointment on the oral mucosa, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1210517387984630540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, awardId=2018ZX09J18104-001, language=CN, fundingSource=国家科技重大专项-重大新药创制专项(2018ZX09J18104-001), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517380191613471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380200002077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380191613471, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380204196384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380191613471, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032)]), AuthorCompany(id=1210517380304859683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380317442597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380325831206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380304859683, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850)]), AuthorCompany(id=1210517380506186284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380518769199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380506186284, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Anhui Longjiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 234000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517380522963504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, companyId=1210517380506186284, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.安徽龙纪元生物科技有限公司, 安徽 宿州 234000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1210517385019257571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=V3p9mBrKbLakkJNS3MY28A==, figureFileBig=5GTx6VuleQevtTz6bC03Aw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385094755046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= Appearance of Long oil (LO, A) and Long oil emulsions (LOE, B), and the size distribution (C), zeta potential (D), and nebulized aerosol size distribution (E) of LOE , figureFileSmall=V3p9mBrKbLakkJNS3MY28A==, figureFileBig=5GTx6VuleQevtTz6bC03Aw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385279304430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=V0wjRSAxRLm0fRytEEVtoQ==, figureFileBig=mkLJLkClVPvapnJk/2HnMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385358996208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images of LOE. Scale bar: 500 nm , figureFileSmall=V0wjRSAxRLm0fRytEEVtoQ==, figureFileBig=mkLJLkClVPvapnJk/2HnMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385468048113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=TvFwtejzVK/xUPiaP3Ld8w==, figureFileBig=qq7ostzxAYnwIw6fBP+jfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385560322805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= MRC-5 cell toxicity of LO, LOE, and blank formulations. Concentration (<i>C</i>) is the concentration of LO for the LO and LOE groups. The blank formulations keep the same dilution folds as LOE. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i> , figureFileSmall=TvFwtejzVK/xUPiaP3Ld8w==, figureFileBig=qq7ostzxAYnwIw6fBP+jfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385631625977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=yppBThXRScDz4QFP2EvHEw==, figureFileBig=fSDxHI7KfRucX2oSz+M1/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385749066487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Migration appearance of L929 cells incubated with LOE. Concentration (<i>C</i>) is the concentration of LO in LOE. Scale bar: 200 μm , figureFileSmall=yppBThXRScDz4QFP2EvHEw==, figureFileBig=fSDxHI7KfRucX2oSz+M1/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385862312697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Cms+yPMvtbbnQYaviTpLGg==, figureFileBig=Q+Xe/RG3ynxU3Ty3U7dSxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517387087049469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Migration rates of L929 cells incubated with LOE. Concentration (<i>C</i>) is the concentration of LO in LOE. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> the control group (0 μg·mL<sup>-1</sup>) LOE at 12 h; <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> the control group (0 μg·mL<sup>-1</sup>) LOE at 24 h , figureFileSmall=Cms+yPMvtbbnQYaviTpLGg==, figureFileBig=Q+Xe/RG3ynxU3Ty3U7dSxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517387208684286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=T2f4vXVTNq0Ku+5rrOAfCw==, figureFileBig=oihS/zYxJd+AKbbHG3EzdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517387359679233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= Appearance of lung tissues and hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stained lung tissue sections after intratracheal (i.t.) administration of LO and LOE to mice. The arrows represent inflammatory cell infiltration. The doses of LO and LOE indicate the dose of LO. Scale bar: 50 μm , figureFileSmall=T2f4vXVTNq0Ku+5rrOAfCw==, figureFileBig=oihS/zYxJd+AKbbHG3EzdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517387485508355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=JGDCbtrfL895uUaDs9Uv+A==, figureFileBig=WXR8+FAcA5BQbchticcbEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517387607143173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption= Appearance of mouse lung tissues and the H & E stained histopathological sections of lung tissues of healthy mice, the acute lung injure (ALI) model mice, the ALI mice treated with blank formulation, dexamethasone (DXM), and LOE, respectively. Long arrows represent inflammatory cell infiltration. Short arrows represent hemorrhage. Scale bar: 50 μm , figureFileSmall=JGDCbtrfL895uUaDs9Uv+A==, figureFileBig=WXR8+FAcA5BQbchticcbEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517387695223559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=6aDzpLTvAyC98AqjrQKb/A==, figureFileBig=w+kSGNmb4VU4U+Bxw7u2Mw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517387812664073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517375972143440, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption= Tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i> (TNF-<i>α</i>, A), interleukin-6 (IL-6, B), and total protein (C) levels of mouse lung tissues. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> healthy group; <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=6aDzpLTvAyC98AqjrQKb/A==, figureFileBig=w+kSGNmb4VU4U+Bxw7u2Mw==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1189982048455397383, delFlag=0, nameCn=药学学报, nameEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0513-4870, eissn=null, cn=11-2163/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1761643429151, updatedTime=1761735768113, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, picEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369346338783397, language=CN, name=药学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768160, updatedTime=1761735768160, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369346376532134, language=EN, name=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768169, updatedTime=1761735768169, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189982191388893191, websiteList=[Website(id=1189982271588340489, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761643482348, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643498101, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=药学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982873114448678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643625763, updateTime=1761643625763, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873093477155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643625758, updateTime=1761643625758, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873135420201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625768, updateTime=1761643625768, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873085088546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643625756, updateTime=1761643625756, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873152197419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625772, updateTime=1761643625772, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873110254373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761643625762, updateTime=1761643625762, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873143808810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625770, updateTime=1761643625770, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873101865764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761643625760, updateTime=1761643625760, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873122837287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643625765, updateTime=1761643625765, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873127031592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643625766, updateTime=1761643625766, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189982271655449355, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761643482364, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643514085, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982903015633534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643632892, updateTime=1761643632892, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902990467707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643632886, updateTime=1761643632886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903036605057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632897, updateTime=1761643632897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902982079098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643632884, updateTime=1761643632884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903053382275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632901, updateTime=1761643632901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903007244925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761643632890, updateTime=1761643632890, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903044993666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632899, updateTime=1761643632899, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902998856316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761643632888, updateTime=1761643632888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903019827839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643632893, updateTime=1761643632893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903028216448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643632895, updateTime=1761643632895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=药学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPhotoEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
治疗急性肺损伤的龙油乳剂雾化吸入溶液研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
章辉 1, 2 , 刘岩 2 , 魏萌 2 , 凌丹丹 1, 2 , 张蕾 3 , 张勇 3 , 金义光 1, 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2022,57(11): 3429-3436
收起
收藏切换
药学学报 | 研究论文 2022, 57(11): 3429-3436
治疗急性肺损伤的龙油乳剂雾化吸入溶液研究
全屏
章辉1, 2, 刘岩2, 魏萌2, 凌丹丹1, 2, 张蕾3, 张勇3, 金义光1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032
  • 2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850
  • 3.安徽龙纪元生物科技有限公司, 安徽 宿州 234000

通讯作者:

*金义光, Tel: 86-10-66931220, E-mail:
Long oil emulsion nebulizers for the treatment of acute lung injury
Hui ZHANG1, 2, Yan LIU2, Meng WEI2, Dan-dan LING1, 2, Lei ZHANG3, Yong ZHANG3, Yi-guang JIN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
  • 2. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medicine Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
  • 3. Anhui Longjiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 234000, China
出版时间: 2022-11-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463
文章导航
收藏切换

急性肺损伤(acute lung injure, ALI)是一种严重的弥漫性肺部疾病, 可由病原体感染、刺激性物质吸入等原因造成, 严重者会发展成急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS)。龙油(Long oil, LO)是一种从多种药用动植物中提取的油脂类混合物, 临床已用于创伤修复。本研究制备了一种O/W型龙油乳剂(Long oil emulsions, LOE), 由LO、Tween-80、丙二醇、黄原胶、水组成, 乳滴大小为671.63±7.21nm, zeta电位为-17.8±1.26mV, 粒径小且均一, 稳定性好, 经振动筛雾化器雾化后的气溶胶空气动力学粒径为2.25±0.05μm, 1~5μm的粒子占81.40%, 可有效沉积到肺深部, 适合肺吸入给药。对于人胚肺成纤维细胞(MRC-5), LOE的安全剂量高达12.50μg·mL-1, 在0.02~2.50μg·mL-1内可促进小鼠成纤维L929细胞增殖和迁移。所有动物实验经军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所伦理委员会批准且实验均按照相关指导原则和规定进行。小鼠经气管喷入LO(3.25 mg·kg-1) 未见明显毒性。小鼠气管喷入LOE可显著减轻脂多糖致ALI, 降低肺组织促炎细胞因子(肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素-6)和总蛋白的释放。LOE有望成为治疗ALI的有临床应用价值的肺吸入制剂。

龙油  /  油脂  /  乳剂  /  急性肺损伤  /  肺吸入

Acute lung injure (ALI) is a severe diffused lung disease, which is caused by pathogen-induced infections, inhalation of irritates, and so on. It could lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Long oil (LO) is a lipidic mixture extracted from multiple medicinal animals and plants. It has been used for clinical wound repair. Here, an O/W LO emulsions (LOE) was prepared, which was composed of LO, Tween-80, propylene glycol, xanthan gum, and water. The droplet size of LOE was 671.63 ± 7.21 nm, and the zeta potential was-17.8± 1.26 mV. The size of LOE was small and homogenous, and the stability was satisfied. The aerosols had an aerodynamic diameter of 2.25 ± 0.05 μm after atomization of LOE with a vibrating screen atomizer, where the percentage of particle sizes within 1-5 μm was 81.40%, indicating effective deep lung deposition and suitable pulmonary inhalation. The safe dose of LOE was high to 12.50 μg·mL-1 on human embryonic lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells. In the range of 0.02-2.50 μg·mL-1 of LOE, the proliferation and migration of mouse fibroblast L929 cells were improved. Animal experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee of Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, and the experiments were conducted by relevant guidelines and regulations. No significant toxicity was observed after intratracheal (i.t.) administration of LO (3.25 mg·kg-1) to mice. Mouse i.t. administration of LOE remarkably attenuated lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide with mitigations of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6) and total proteins. LOE is a promising inhaled formulation for the treatment of ALI.

Long oil  /  oil  /  emulsion  /  acute lung injury  /  pulmonary inhalation
章辉, 刘岩, 魏萌, 凌丹丹, 张蕾, 张勇, 金义光. 治疗急性肺损伤的龙油乳剂雾化吸入溶液研究. 药学学报, 2022 , 57 (11) : 3429 -3436 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463
Hui ZHANG, Yan LIU, Meng WEI, Dan-dan LING, Lei ZHANG, Yong ZHANG, Yi-guang JIN. Long oil emulsion nebulizers for the treatment of acute lung injury[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2022 , 57 (11) : 3429 -3436 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463
肺通过气道与外部环境直接相通, 易吸入汽车尾气、雾霾颗粒、沙尘等大气污染物造成肺损伤, 病原微生物进入肺内造成感染, 进一步造成肺损伤[1, 2]。临床常见肺部疾病包括各种肺炎、肺纤维化、肺癌、肺水肿等, 进程中常出现急性肺损伤(acute lung injure, ALI), 病理特征表现为肺泡上皮细胞及肺泡毛细血管损伤[3, 4]。ALI发生后, 如不及时干预, 可发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS), 极易导致死亡[5]。目前临床尚无专门治疗ALI的药物, 除针对原发病因进行针对性治疗外, 一般采用雾化吸入地塞米松、泼尼松龙、泼尼松等甾体激素类药物缓解炎症反应[6, 7]。但激素治疗不具备组织修复作用, 而且大量长期使用会引起免疫抑制、凝血功能障碍和骨质疏松等不良反应[8]。亟需找到一种安全有效的抗ALI药物。
天然活性成分如黄酮、生物碱和萜类, 具有抗炎、抗氧化等活性, 被广泛用于治疗感染、炎症、损伤等疾病, 包括目前流行的新冠肺炎[9, 10]。本实验室长期开展天然活性成分制备成肺吸入制剂治疗肺部疾病的研究, 包括将姜黄素、冬凌草甲素、绿原酸、白藜芦醇、莪术醇、莪术油等制备成各种类型的吸入制剂, 用于各种原因造成的ALI治疗[11-15], 均显示出良好的抗氧化、抗炎作用, 但没有发现有明显的促进肺损伤组织修复的功效。
龙油(Long oil, LO) 由海螵蛸、红花、核桃油、菜籽油经浸提工艺制备而成, 是一种红棕色油脂类混合物[16]。海螵蛸是乌贼科动物无针乌贼或金乌贼的干燥内壳, 具有收敛止血、收湿敛疮的功效, 含有钙、磷、镁、铁等微量元素和多糖、核苷、氨基酸等成分[17, 18], 其中钙化合物和氨基酸具有止血凝血、促进组织修复的功能[19]。红花含丰富的黄酮类、生物碱类、不饱和脂肪酸类等多种活性成分[20, 21]。红花油脂主要含亚油酸(63%~72%)、油酸(16%~25%) 和亚麻酸(1%~6%), 具有良好的活血化瘀、促组织修复的作用[22, 23]。在LO长期临床应用中发现其治疗伤口感染、慢性难愈创面、溃疡性皮肤的作用明显。但目前LO只有外用剂型, 如蛸红敛疮油, 能用于外伤修复, 尚未见其用于其他疾病的报道。本文针对LO油脂类性质, 制备了一种稳定的O/W型龙油乳剂(Long oil emulsions, LOE), 雾化后的液滴粒径在1~5 μm, 适合肺吸入给药。作者用脂多糖(liposaccharide, LPS) 气管内给药方法建立了小鼠ALI模型, 考察LOE雾化吸入溶液对ALI的治疗效果及促进组织修复的机制研究。
药物与试剂   蛸红敛疮油(龙油, LO, 批号20211103, 鲁药制字Z20180011) 是由济宁市中医院配制的医院制剂; Tween-80 (批号20210901, 南京威尔药业股份有限公司); 丙二醇、黄原胶(北京伊诺凯生物科技有限公司); 5%磷钨酸、LPS、BCA (bicinchoninic acid) 蛋白浓度测定试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有限公司); 人胚肺成纤维细胞MRC-5、小鼠成纤维细胞L929 (中国科学院典型培养物保藏委员会细胞库); 地塞米松磷酸钠注射液(批号20210801, 山西省芮城科龙兽药有限公司); CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8) 细胞增殖试剂盒(百赛生物科技有限公司); ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) 试剂盒: 小鼠白细胞介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)、小鼠肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α) (上海酶联生物科技有限公司)。所用水为去离子水。
仪器   纯水仪(HF Super NW, 上海康雷科学仪器有限公司); 剪切乳化搅拌机(JRJ300-1, 上海标本模型厂); 纳米激光粒度仪(Zetasizer Nano ZS, 英国马尔文公司); 倒置荧光显微镜(BDS200-F, 重庆奥普光学仪器有限公司); 酶标仪(ELX800, 美国伯腾仪器有限公司); 气溶胶粒径谱仪(3312型, 美国TSI有限公司); 透射电子显微镜(H-7650型, 日本Hitachi公司); 手持式振动筛雾化吸入器(产品尺寸: 3.7 cm × 3 cm × 10.6 cm, 深圳英仕朗科技有限公司); 高速组织研磨仪(KI-Ⅱ型, 武汉谷歌生物科技有限公司)。
实验动物   ICR小鼠, SPF (specific pathogen free) 级, 雄性, 体重20 ± 2 g, 购于斯贝福(北京) 生物技术有限公司, 许可证: SCXK (京) 2019-0010。实验期间自由给予水和食物。动物实验经军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所伦理委员会批准, 且实验均按相关指导原则和规定进行。
LOE的制备   Tween-80作为乳化剂, 黄原胶作为稳定剂, 丙二醇作为助乳化剂, 经高速匀浆搅拌机和最优处方制备LOE。取0.05 g黄原胶加入94 mL热水(约80 ℃) 中, 快速搅拌溶解, 放置至室温。取2.0 g丙二醇加入上述溶液, 加入4.0 g Tween-80和0.325 g LO的混合溶液, 10 000 r·min-1剪切搅拌2 min, 得到LOE。参考上述处方工艺, 不含LO, 制备空白制剂。
粒径分布、zeta电位测定和电镜观察   LOE用水稀释后, 在25 ℃下用纳米激光粒度仪测定其粒径分布和zeta电位。LOE在4 000 r·min-1离心15 min及室温放置7天后考察稳定性。取稀释后LOE 5 μL滴在铜网上, 静置1 min, 滤纸吸干多余液体; 5% (w/v) 磷钨酸溶液染色30 s, 滤纸吸干多余液体, 自然干燥后用于透射电镜观察, 拍照。取1 mL LOE原液加入到手持振动筛雾化吸入器中, 向气溶胶粒径谱仪的采样进风口处快速喷出乳剂产生气溶胶, 保持20 s。记录并处理气溶胶粒径谱仪软件测得的原始数据并绘制气溶胶粒径谱图。
细胞培养   用含100 μg·mL-1青霉素和100 μg·mL-1链霉素的10%胎牛血清RPMI 1640、MRC-5专用培养基分别培养L929、MRC-5, 于37 ℃、5% CO2恒温培养箱中培养。细胞达到对数生长期(细胞融合度达70%~80%) 后, 用0.25%胰酶消化, 传代培养(1∶3比例)。
细胞毒性检测   用CCK-8法测定药物对正常人胚肺成纤维MRC-5细胞的毒性。细胞消化后接种于96孔培养板(100 μL, 5×103个/孔), 在37 ℃和5% CO2条件下孵育24 h。用培养基配制的LO、LOE和空白制剂的稀释液替换原有培养基, 与细胞共孵育24 h, 除去培养基, 每孔加入10% CCK-8溶液100 μL, 继续孵育2 h后用酶标仪测定吸光度(A, 450 nm)。10% CCK-8溶液作为空白组, 正常细胞培养组作为对照组, 其余为实验组, 按公式(1) 计算细胞存活率。
$ \mathrm{细}\mathrm{胞}\mathrm{存}\mathrm{活}\mathrm{率}=\frac{{A}_{\mathrm{实}\mathrm{验}\mathrm{组}}-{A}_{\mathrm{空}\mathrm{白}\mathrm{组}}}{{A}_{\mathrm{对}\mathrm{照}\mathrm{组}}-{A}_{\mathrm{空}\mathrm{白}\mathrm{组}}}\times 100\mathrm{\%} $
细胞划痕实验   将每毫升1.0×105个的L929细胞1 mL接种至24孔板中, 培养24 h后, 除去培养基, 用200 μL吸头尖端沿直尺将贴壁细胞层划一道直线。用倒置显微镜观察划痕是否成功。用磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS) 冲洗细胞3次, 去除脱落细胞, 拍照, 用ImageJ软件计算划痕面积。加入培养基和LOE的培养基稀释液孵育12、24 h, 分别拍照, 观察细胞迁移情况, 计算划痕面积, 并根据公式(2) 计算细胞迁移率。
$ \mathrm{细}\mathrm{胞}\mathrm{迁}\mathrm{移}\mathrm{率}=\frac{\mathrm{划}\mathrm{痕}\mathrm{面}{\mathrm{积}}_{0\mathrm{ }\mathrm{h}}-\mathrm{划}\mathrm{痕}\mathrm{面}{\mathrm{积}}_{\mathrm{实}\mathrm{验}\mathrm{点}}}{\mathrm{划}\mathrm{痕}\mathrm{面}{\mathrm{积}}_{0\mathrm{ }\mathrm{h}}}\times 100\mathrm{\%} $
LO和LOE体内安全剂量筛选   将小鼠随机分为健康对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组, 每组5只, 其中健康对照组经气管喷入生理盐水20 μL, 低、中、高剂量组分别经气管喷入LO和LOE的3.25、6.50、13 mg·kg-1 (按LO计算) 水分散液, 给药2 h后解剖并观察各组小鼠肺组织。
急性肺损伤动物模型建立及给药方案   小鼠随机分为健康对照组、模型组、空白制剂组、地塞米松(dexamethasone, DXM, 阳性药) 组、LOE组, 每组6只。给药组经气管喷入50 μL LPS (5 mg·mL-1) 的生理盐水溶液, 建立ALI模型。健康对照组经气管喷入50 μL生理盐水溶液。模型建立1 h后, 健康对照组、模型组分别给予20 μL生理盐水, 其余组给相应20 μL治疗药物(LOE: 3.25 mg·kg-1, 按LO计算; DXM: 5.0 mg·kg-1)。
肺组织病理检查   小鼠给药10 h后, 麻醉后放血处死, 观察肺部损伤情况并拍照。取肺左上叶, 纱布清除残留血液, 放入4%甲醛溶液中固定24 h, 常规脱水和石蜡包埋, 组织切片, 用苏木素-伊红(hematoxylin and eosin, H & E) 染色后在显微镜下观察组织病理形态。取肺右中下叶, 用4 ℃生理盐水洗净残留血渍, 纱布吸干后放入离心管中, -80 ℃保存。
IL-6TNF-α和总蛋白含量测定   取出冻存的肺组织, 室温解冻后称重, 加入9倍量(w/w) 4 ℃生理盐水, 于高速组织研磨仪中研磨, 研磨液低温高速离心(5 000 ×g, 4 ℃, 15 min), 上清液用ELISA试剂盒测定肺组织中IL-6、TNF-α, 用BCA蛋白浓度测定试剂盒测定总蛋白浓度。
统计学分析   使用SPSS 16.0软件通过单因素方差分析对数据进行统计学分析。实验数据以均数±标准差($ \overline{x} $ ± s) 表示; 比较组间差异, P < 0.05表示统计学差异。
LO是一种黏度较大的棕黄色可流动油脂(图 1A), 无法直接被雾化和吸入, 必须制备成合适剂型后才能吸入。LOE是将LO形成微小乳滴, 高度分散于水性介质中, 可被雾化吸入。用单因素方法筛选得到LOE最优处方为0.325% LO、2.0% Tween-80、4.0%丙二醇、0.05%黄原胶、93.625%水。用高速匀浆搅拌机和最优处方制备的LOE呈淡乳白色(图 1B)。室温下测得LOE粒径为671.63 ± 7.21 nm (n = 3), 多分散系数(PDI) 为0.320 ± 0.004, zeta电位为-17.8 ± 1.36 mV (图 1CD), 粒径均一。室温放置7天, LOE外观无变化, 粒径为668.52 ± 4.53 nm, PDI为0.323 ± 0.006, zeta电位为-17.40 ± 2.20 mV, 几乎和放置前一致。LOE在4 000 r·min-1离心15 min, 外观未见改变或分层。因此该处方和工艺可得到稳定的LOE。肺吸入颗粒直径影响其肺部沉积位置, 1~5 μm粒径的粒子被认为可有效沉积于肺组织。粒径大于5 μm的粒子主要沉积在上气道和大气道中, 粒径小于1 μm的粒子主要沉积在呼吸性支气管及肺泡壁, 无法在呼吸道中沉积[24], 到达肺部的气溶胶总量低, 达不到治疗效果。在振动筛雾化器中, 布有数千个微米级的不锈钢筛网, 筛孔直径约为4.0 μm。雾化吸入溶液产生的气溶胶大小主要取决于筛孔的直径, 产生的雾化颗粒直径多在3.0 μm左右[25]。LOE液滴经振动筛网发生上下振动, 液体被挤压后产生气溶胶[26]。振动筛孔雾化器的雾化后的LOE气溶胶粒径为2.25 ± 0.05 μm, 1~5 μm颗粒占81.40%, 适合肺吸入给药(图 1E)。LOE乳滴在电镜中为球形, 粒度分布均匀(图 2)。
MRC-5细胞安全性评价结果显示, 空白制剂、LO和LOE在考察浓度范围内均无细胞毒性(图 3), 表明空白制剂中的成分包括Tween-80和黄原胶的安全性, 并且LO和LOE显示出促进细胞生长的效果, 表明二者具有修复损伤组织的潜力。
LOE在较低浓度下(< 2.50 μg·mL-1) 与细胞共孵育12 h后, 与空白组比较, 在显微镜下观察到划痕区域细胞发生明显迁移(图 4), 证明LOE显著促进细胞增殖和迁移速度, 迁移率不低于45.38% (P < 0.05, 图 4)。但结果显示, 当LOE中LO达到安全剂量的最高浓度时(12.50 μg·mL-1), 细胞迁移率有所减小(图 5)。
健康对照组小鼠肺组织质地柔软, 外观呈粉红色, 无出血, 肺泡结构清晰、完整、无炎性细胞浸润。LO通过气管直接喷入肺内后, LO低剂量组(3.25 mg·kg-1) 小鼠的肺外观及病理切片均显示正常; LO中剂量组(6.50 mg·kg-1) 小鼠肺外观无明显损伤, 但病理切片显示轻微炎性细胞浸润; LO高剂量组(13 mg·kg-1) 小鼠肺组织可见明显弥漫性渗出、轻微出血、炎性细胞浸润(图 6)。因此, LO低剂量组即当给药剂量为3.25 mg·kg-1时, LO对肺组织无影响, 属于安全剂量。
LOE通过气管直接喷入肺内后, 低剂量组(3.25 mg·kg-1) 和中剂量组(6.50 mg·kg-1) 的肺外观及病理切片均显示正常; LOE高剂量组(13 mg·kg-1) 肺组织稍有出血, 病理切片显示稍有炎性细胞浸润。因此, 将LO制备成LOE能减小LO在体内对肺组织的毒性, LOE中剂量组即当给药剂量为6.50 mg·kg-1时, LOE对肺组织无影响。
健康对照组小鼠肺组织色泽红润, 无出血, 肺组织结构清楚, 肺泡腔完整。ALI模型组和空白制剂组小鼠肺组织有明显出血、弥漫性渗出和炎性细胞浸润。DXM组和LOE组小鼠的肺出血、弥漫性渗出和炎性细胞浸润减少, 不过LOE组抗肺损伤的效果更强(图 7)。因此, LOE吸入后可有效治疗由LPS诱发的ALI。
ALI发生后, 肺组织中促炎细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6和总蛋白水平显著上调, 并聚集在肺泡间隙中, 形成炎症和水肿[27-29]。相比健康对照组, ALI模型组小鼠肺组织中的TNF-α、IL-6和总蛋白水平显著升高(P < 0.01)。肺部给药治疗后, 与模型组相比, DXM组和LOE组的小鼠肺组织中TNF-α、IL-6和总蛋白水平均显著降低, 但DXM组和LOE组之间没有显著性差异。因此, LOE吸入后能显著抑制促炎细胞因子TNF-α和IL-6的表达, 降低肺组织中总蛋白渗出量, 减轻肺组织损伤, 效果和激素药物DXM相当(图 8)。
ALI的诱发因素很多, 如异物吸入、病原菌感染(包括新型冠状病毒)、原发病损伤, ALI极易发展成ARDS, 后者死亡率很高[30, 31]。激素疗法是临床最常用治疗ALI相关疾病的方法, 可有效减轻炎症反应, 但并没有组织修复作用, 且长期应用会导致局部器官或全身系统性疾病[32, 33]。LO是从多种抗炎、抗氧化药用动植物中提取的油脂类混合物, 含醇、酯、碱和维生素等活性物质, 这些物质具有良好的抗炎活性和肺组织损伤保护作用[34]。但LO成分复杂、黏性大、疏水性强, 无法雾化, 不能直接进行肺部给药。将LO制备成水高度分散的乳剂, 既可雾化, 也可使高度分散的LO更好地发挥药效。黄原胶是一种阴离子多糖, 因其优良的胶体性能和生物安全性, 在食品、医药、化妆品等多个领域得到广泛应用。除作为口服制剂和经皮制剂辅料外, 还可用于雾化吸入溶液、组织工程、关节腔润滑[35, 36]。Tween-80作为常用的乳化剂, 除了可用于口服制剂、经皮制剂、静脉注射剂(如多西他赛注射液含约50% Tween-80) 外, 已较多用于肺吸入制剂处方中[37-39]。本研究选择安全性好的黄原胶为稳定剂, Tween-80为乳化剂, 丙二醇为助乳化剂, 采用高速剪切乳化搅拌法制备得到粒径均一、稳定性好、雾化性能好的O/W型LOE。振动筛雾化器可使LOE雾化成符合肺吸入的气溶胶颗粒。
LO作为一种黏稠的油脂类混合物, 涂覆在皮肤和黏膜表面后可产生封闭效果[40]。由于LO中有较多不饱和脂肪酸, 有很好的细胞膜渗透性, 大量LO可能影响细胞代谢。本研究也验证说明高浓度LO会影响细胞生长, 进入肺组织后有一定的刺激性; 使用具有良好安全性的药用辅料(Tween-80、黄原胶) 将LO制备成LOE后, 可显著降低LO的细胞毒性和肺组织刺激性。原因可能是LOE使LO油滴高度分散在水中, LO需从油滴迁移到水相, 再进一步到组织细胞, 减缓了LO中的成分快速大量进入细胞, 因此安全性更好。人胚肺成纤维细胞MRC-5安全性评价表明, 12.50 μg·mL-1浓度内的LOE具有良好的细胞安全性, 并能促进细胞增殖和迁移, 可修复ALI产生过程中损伤的细胞。在12.50 μg·mL-1浓度时, LOE对细胞安全但失去促迁移功能, 这可能由于过多油脂成分干扰了细胞代谢。小鼠安全性评价表明肺部喷入3.25 mg·kg-1 LO, 肺组织无出血、肺泡腔完整, 在体内安全性良好。通过将LO制备成O/W型LOE, LO油滴被包裹在水相中, 对肺组织的刺激性减少, 安全性更高, LOE在体内的安全剂量提高到6.50 mg·kg-1 (以LO计)。采用LOE治疗可提高药物肺吸入剂量, 既保证了安全性, 又实现了有效性。
ALI可由各种因素诱发, 其中LPS是革兰阴性菌的内毒素成分, 常被用于制备ALI动物模型。TNF-α是一种多功能促炎细胞因子, 在ALI进程中调节细胞的凋亡和增殖, 其信号转导异常可引发细胞因子风暴, 导致细胞死亡[41], 因此被认为是ALI最重要的促炎因子之一[42]。IL-6是一种急性炎症介质, 由各种类型细胞释放, 是一个可靠且客观的局部肺组织损伤指标[43]。本研究证明, 在ALI进程中, 肺组织中的促炎细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6表达显著增加, 导致肺组织损伤, 大量肺泡上皮细胞被破坏, 总蛋白质渗入肺泡造成肺水肿[44]。LOE可有效降低ALI小鼠肺部的炎症细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α释放和总蛋白的渗出, 减轻肺出血、弥漫性炎性渗出等肺损伤症状, 作用程度与激素药物DXM相当。但是, DXM长期应用会导致如骨质疏松症、糖尿病、免疫抑制等不良反应[45, 46]。因此LOE作为一种安全性强的天然活性成分吸入制剂在治疗ALI方面有较大优势。
本研究基于ALI的病理特点和天然油脂类药物的性质, 将LO制备成可肺部吸入的LOE, 稳定性和安全性好, 肺部给药后显著降低促炎细胞因子和总蛋白的表达, 表现出良好的抗ALI效果。本研究首次将天然混合油脂类药物LO制备成吸入制剂(LOE), 用于ALI的治疗, 为ALI治疗提供了新的方法。
作者贡献: 章辉负责实验设计、实验操作、数据分析和文章撰写; 刘岩负责实验设计、结果分析和文章修改; 魏萌和凌丹丹参与实验并进行文章修改; 张蕾和张勇参与部分实验设计; 金义光负责课题设计、实验指导、数据分析、文章写作与修改。
利益冲突: 所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。
  • 国家科技重大专项-重大新药创制专项(2018ZX09J18104-001)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Laskin DL , Malaviya R , Laskin JD . Role of macrophages in acute lung injury and chronic fibrosis induced by pulmonary toxicants[J]. Toxicol Sci, 2019, 168: 287-301.
[2]
Huang YQ , Cheng T , Wang WM et al . Preparation of liposomal sildenafil and its pulmonary delivery for the prevention of high altitude pulmonary edema[J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2021, 56: 2658-2668. http://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps/cn/article/doi/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-0418
[3]
Cereda M , Xin Y , Goffi A et al . Imaging the injured lung: mechanisms of action and clinical use[J]. Anesthesiology, 2019, 131: 716-749.
[4]
Butt Y , Kurdowska A , Allen TC . Acute lung injury: a clinical and molecular review[J]. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2016, 140: 345-350.
[5]
Long ME , Mallampalli RK , Horowitz JC . Pathogenesis of pneumonia and acute lung injury[J]. Clin Sci (Lond), 2022, 136: 747-769.
[6]
Mokrá D . Acute lung injury-from pathophysiology to treatment[J]. Physiol Res, 2020, 69: s353-s366.
[7]
Reichardt SD , Amouret A , Muzzi C et al . The role of glucocorticoids in inflammatory diseases[J]. Cells, 2021, 10: 2921.
[8]
Mokra D , Mikolka P , Kosutova P et al . Corticosteroids in acute lung injury: the dilemma continues[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2019, 20: 4765.
[9]
He YQ , Zhou CC , Yu LY et al . Natural product derived phytochemicals in managing acute lung injury by multiple mechanisms[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2021, 163: 105224.
[10]
Zhuang W , Fan Z , Chu Y et al . Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11: 1066.
[11]
Zhang J , Li Y , Xiang ML et al . Preparation and pharmacodynamic study of curcumin liposome dry powder inhalation[J]. Mil Med Sci (军事医学), 2013, 37: 692-695.
[12]
Xiang XQ , Du LN , Li M et al . Preparation of oridonin dry powder for inhalation and its therapeutic effect on acute lung injury of rats[J]. J Int Pharma Res (国际药学研究杂志), 2014, 41: 211-215.
[13]
Zhang GL , Xiao ZM , Yu X et al . Comparative study of zedoary turmeric oil and curcumol dry powder inhalers for treatment of acute lung injury[J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2020, 55: 1312-1319. http://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps/cn/article/doi/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-0118
[14]
Ge YY , Zhang TT , Zhag MM et al . Pulmonary delivery of chlorogenic acid β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for therapy of acute lung injury[J]. J Int Pharma Res (国际药学研究杂志), 2018, 45: 772-777.
[15]
Wang W , Liu Y , Pan P et al . Pulmonary delivery of resveratrol-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for the prevention of zinc chloride smoke-induced acute lung injury[J]. Drug Deliv, 2022, 29: 1122-1131.
[16]
Zhang Y, Zhang L, Shao ZQ, et al., Instant egg-fried rice and its preparation method. [P]. China, CN113367271A, 2021-09-10.
[17]
Liu R , Wei S , Wang XZ et al . Proteomics and peptidomics analysis of sepiae endoconcha[J]. Chin J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2020, 45: 3883-3889.
[18]
Cai XH . Research progress and direction of marine mineral medicine cuttlebone[J]. Chin J Tradit Chin Med Pharm (中华中医药杂志), 2018, 33: 4013-4015.
[19]
Wei S , Zhen F , Liu R et al . Simultaneous determination of free nucleosides and amino acids in sepiae endoconcha[J]. Chin J Mod Appl Pharm (中国现代应用药学), 2022, 39: 1450-1457.
[20]
Li X , Ju R , Li S . Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Carthamus tinctorius and predictive analysis on quality markers[J]. Mod Chin Med (中国现代中药), 2021, 23: 928-939.
[21]
Li XR , Li J , Peng C et al . Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Carthamus tinctorius[J]. J Chengdu Univ Tradit Chin Med (成都中医药大学学报), 2021, 44: 102-112.
[22]
Hamrouni-Sellami I , Salah HB , Kchouk ME et al . Variations in phytosterol composition during the ripening of tunisian safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds[J]. Pak J Biol Sci, 2007, 10: 3829-3834.
[23]
Zhang LL , Tian K , Tang ZH et al . Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Carthamus tinctorius L.[J]. Am J Chin Med, 2016, 44: 197-226.
[24]
Darquenne C . Deposition mechanisms[J]. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2020, 33: 181-185.
[25]
Carvalho TC , McCook JP , Narain NR et al . Development of aqueous dispersions of coenzyme Q10 for pulmonary delivery and the dynamics of active vibrating-mesh aerosolization[J]. Int J Pharm, 2016, 514: 407-419.
[26]
Solé-Lleonart C , Rouby JJ , Blot S et al . Nebulization of antiinfective agents in invasively mechanically ventilated adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Anesthesiology, 2017, 126: 890-908.
[27]
Li D , Ren W , Jiang Z et al . Regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage pyroptosis by the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in a mouse model of acute lung injury[J]. Mol Med Rep, 2018, 18: 4399-4409.
[28]
Haghighatdoost F , Nobakht M Gh BF . Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on blood inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials[J]. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2018, 72: 1071-1082.
[29]
Chen T , Zhuang B , Huang Y et al . Inhaled amifostine for the prevention of radiation-induced lung injury[J]. Radiat Med Protec, 2022, 3: 72-80.
[30]
Störmann P , Lustenberger T , Relja B et al . Role of biomarkers in acute traumatic lung injury[J]. Injury, 2017, 48: 2400-2406.
[31]
Habashi NM , Camporota L , Gatto LA et al . Functional pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2-induced acute lung injury and clinical implications[J]. J Appl Physiol (1985), 2021, 130: 877-891.
[32]
Oray M , Abu Samra K , Ebrahimiadib N et al . Long-term side effects of glucocorticoids[J]. Expert Opin Drug Saf, 2016, 15: 457-465.
[33]
Wang H , Zhou J , Guo X et al . Use of glucocorticoids in the management of immunotherapy-related adverse effects[J]. Thorac Cancer, 2020, 11: 3047-3052.
[34]
Zhao J , Liu S , Hu X et al . Improved delivery of natural alkaloids into lung cancer through woody oil-based emulsive nanosystems[J]. Drug Deliv, 2018, 25: 1426-1437.
[35]
Kumar A , Rao KM , Han SS . Application of xanthan gum as polysaccharide in tissue engineering: a review[J]. Carbohydr Polym, 2018, 180: 128-144.
[36]
Manca ML , Manconi M , Valenti D et al . Liposomes coated with chitosan-xanthan gum (chitosomes) as potential carriers for pulmonary delivery of rifampicin[J]. J Pharm Sci, 2012, 101: 566-575.
[37]
Steiner V , Öhlinger K , Corzo C et al . Cytotoxicity screening of emulsifiers for pulmonary application of lipid nanoparticles[J]. Eur J Pharm Sci, 2019, 136: 104968.
[38]
Al-Hallak MH , Azarmi S , Sun C et al . Pulmonary toxicity of polysorbate-80-coated inhalable nanoparticles; in vitro and in vivo evaluation[J]. AAPS J, 2010, 12: 294-299.
[39]
Montharu J , Le Guellec S , Kittel B et al . Evaluation of lung tolerance of ethanol, propylene glycol, and sorbitan monooleate as solvents in medical aerosols[J]. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2010, 23: 41-46.
[40]
Bilia AR , Guccione C , Isacchi B et al . Essential oils loaded in nanosystems: a developing strategy for a successful therapeutic approach[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2014, 2014: 651593.
[41]
Lai WY , Wang JW , Huang BT et al . A novel TNF-α-targeting aptamer for TNF-α-mediated acute lung injury and acute liver failure[J]. Theranostics, 2019, 9: 1741-1751.
[42]
Song D , Zhao M , Feng L et al . Salidroside attenuates acute lung injury via inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 142: 111949.
[43]
Murray DD , Itenov TS , Sivapalan P et al . Biomarkers of acute lung injury the individualized approach: for phenotyping, risk stratification and treatment surveillance[J]. J Clin Med, 2019, 8: 1163.
[44]
Johnson ER , Matthay MA . Acute lung injury: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment[J]. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2010, 23: 243-252.
[45]
Zhao Y , Wang HL , Li TT et al . Baicalin ameliorates dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis by regulation of the RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling pathway[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2020, 14: 195-206.
[46]
Kahara T , Tanaka Y , Hayashi K et al . Overt diabetes mellitus caused by the topical administration of dexamethasone ointment on the oral mucosa[J]. Intern Med, 2014, 53: 1633-1635.
2022年第57卷第11期
PDF下载
201
88
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463
  • 接收时间:2022-04-19
  • 首发时间:2025-12-24
  • 出版时间:2022-11-12
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-19
  • 修回日期:2022-06-11
基金
国家科技重大专项-重大新药创制专项(2018ZX09J18104-001)
作者信息
    1.安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032
    2.军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所, 北京 100850
    3.安徽龙纪元生物科技有限公司, 安徽 宿州 234000

通讯作者:

*金义光, Tel: 86-10-66931220, E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0463
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏