Article(id=1210517370494382105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210517366081975259, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0697, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1654444800000, receivedDateStr=2022-06-06, revisedDate=1660492800000, revisedDateStr=2022-08-15, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766539431451, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1668182400000, pubDateStr=2022-11-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766539431451, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766539431451, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539431451, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210517366081975259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2022', volume='57', issue='11', pageStart='3259', pageEnd='3450', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766539430399, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539608198, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210518111875363690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210517366081975259, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210518111875363691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210517366081975259, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3378, endPage=3386, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210517370947366972, articleId=1210517370494382105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=The effect of the Mongolian medicine modified Tabusen-2 on kidney-yang deficiency in rats based on metabolomics, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

We used metabolomics to investigate the ability of a traditional Mongolian medicine called modified Tabusen-2 (MT-2) to improve kidney yang deficiency (KYD) in rats. All animal experiments were conducted under the guidance and standards of the Medical Ethics Committee of Inner Mongolia Medical University. SD rats were divided into 6 groups of six rats: a normal group, a model group, Jinkuishenqi pill administration group (1.26 g·kg-1), and MT-2 administration in high-, medium- and low-dose groups (1.512, 0.756, and 0.378 g·kg-1). KYD was established by intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone (HC) and biochemical indicators and clinical characterization was used to confirm that KYD was established. All groups received intragastrically administered drug (Jinkuishenqi pill or MT-2) or saline. Serum from each group was collected after 8 weeks and analyzed by UPLC-Q-exactive-MS to measure various biochemical indicators. The biomarkers affected by MT-2 were identified and the metabolic pathways of KYD regulated by MT-2 were analyzed by metabolomic analysis. The results show that MT-2 can decrease serum creatinine (Cr) in KYD rats and significantly increase (P < 0.05) the content of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). In serum samples, 38 biomarkers such as corticosterone, L-phenylalanine, and DL-tryptophan were measured as possible indicators for disease development in KYD rats. MT-2 lowered 18 biomarkers of KYD, including corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone, and L-phenylalanine, and altered 13 related metabolic pathways including phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis, resulting in an overall improvement in KYD. MT-2 appears to be important in improving KYD in rats mainly by regulating metabolites such as amino acids, steroids and lipids.

, correspAuthors=Bi QU, Xin DONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2022 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhi WANG, Pei-feng XUE, Cai-meng XU, Kun WANG, Rui DONG, Qing-xiang SONG, Bi QU, Xin DONG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1210517374281838811, articleId=1210517370494382105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=基于代谢组学技术的蒙药加味塔布森-2改善大鼠肾阳虚作用研究探析, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究采用代谢组学技术探究蒙药加味塔布森-2(modified tabusen-2, MT-2)对肾阳虚(kidney yang deficiency, KYD)大鼠改善作用。所有动物实验均在内蒙古医科大学医学伦理委员会的指导和标准下进行。随机将SD大鼠分为空白组、模型组、金匮肾气丸组(1.26 g·kg-1)和MT-2高、中、低剂量组(1.512、0.756和0.378 g·kg-1), 每组6只。采用肌肉注射氢化可的松(hydrocortisone, HC)建立KYD大鼠模型, 通过生化指标以及观察其临床表征认定造模成功后, 各组进行ig给药, 空白组与模型组ig同样体积生理盐水, 连续给药8周。给药结束后采集各组血清, 进行血清生化指标与UPLC-Q-exactive-MS分析。通过代谢组学分析挖掘MT-2药物干预的生物标志物, 并对MT-2调控KYD的代谢通路进行分析。结果显示MT-2可显著降低KYD大鼠血清肌酐(creatinine, Cr) 的含量; 显著升高促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH)以及黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone, LH)的含量(P < 0.05)。血清样本中, 筛选出KYD大鼠疾病发展的生物标志物皮质酮、L-苯丙氨酸、DL-色氨酸等38个, MT-2通过回调其中的皮质酮、去氧皮质酮、L-苯丙氨酸等18个生物标志物及苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸的生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢、类固醇激素生物合成等13条相关代谢通路发挥改善KYD作用。蒙药MT-2主要通过调节氨基酸类、类固醇类以及脂类等代谢物发挥改善KYD大鼠的作用。

, correspAuthors=渠弼, 董馨, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*渠弼, Tel: 86-471-6653142, E-mail: ;
董馨, Tel: 86-471-6653692, E-mail:
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Chin J Pathophysiol (中国病理生理杂志), 2021, 37: 1900-1904., articleTitle=Progress in role of short-chain fatty acids in chronic kidney diseases, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1210517382594949743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, awardId=81960758, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(81960758), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1210517382695613046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, awardId=81860756, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(81860756), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1210517382821442171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, awardId=ZY0120014, language=CN, fundingSource=内蒙古医科大学人才团队(ZY0120014), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1210517382926299778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, awardId=202010132003, language=CN, fundingSource=国家级大学生创新创业项目(202010132003), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1210517383047934600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, awardId=202110132029, language=CN, fundingSource=内蒙古自治区大学生创新创业项目(202110132029), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517374504136939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517374512525548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, companyId=1210517374504136939, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517374520914157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, companyId=1210517374504136939, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010110)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1210517379331781101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=gwHSOuQ8bCa5zgqVWhmjtw==, figureFileBig=TZm5IQaOIzLMCo7IgLGATQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517379474387444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= Body weight analysis of each group rats. MT-2: Modified Tabusen-2; MT-2 L, MT-2 M and MT-2 H: Modified Tabusen-2 low, medium and high dose group. <span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black"><i>x</i></span>±<i>s</i>, <i>n</i> = 6. <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=gwHSOuQ8bCa5zgqVWhmjtw==, figureFileBig=TZm5IQaOIzLMCo7IgLGATQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517379738628613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=2nuBwvMVy1CqlsNcnzVuJw==, figureFileBig=ZO5ch+MEV4U1yENDmXPQ7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517379889623566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Comparison of biochemical indexes of rats in each group (<span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black"><i>x</i></span>±<i>s</i>, <i>n</i> = 6). <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> normal group; <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=2nuBwvMVy1CqlsNcnzVuJw==, figureFileBig=ZO5ch+MEV4U1yENDmXPQ7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517380044812822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=n2peO4oXiGayAdJj+nUH6A==, figureFileBig=U654GK3n5IHy6DaWsPEdUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517380187419164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= Principal component analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) scores of rat serum samples in each group in positive ion (A, C) and negative ion (B, D) modes , figureFileSmall=n2peO4oXiGayAdJj+nUH6A==, figureFileBig=U654GK3n5IHy6DaWsPEdUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517380304859681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=QsJ9mllJaTQeXTqP+iqY9A==, figureFileBig=1xqaKnp0mGMM2stVFUYcpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517380439077415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Positive ion mode model group (A), normal group (B), MT-2 medium dose group (C) total ion current map; Negative ion mode model group (D), normal group (E), MT-2 medium dose group (F) total ion current map , figureFileSmall=QsJ9mllJaTQeXTqP+iqY9A==, figureFileBig=1xqaKnp0mGMM2stVFUYcpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517380527157809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=FCByrCmXarJGbb20GXye2g==, figureFileBig=LxAHQzwEM4RaERHq09OKxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517380665569852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= OPLS-DA score map and corresponding model validation map in positive (A, C) and negative (B, D) ion modes , figureFileSmall=FCByrCmXarJGbb20GXye2g==, figureFileBig=LxAHQzwEM4RaERHq09OKxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517380745261637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=VrmETulU3HGUq3Cn5aTKSA==, figureFileBig=91GRJVx3jZ+nK/qiD6n2rQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517380858507850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= MT-2 improves metabolic pathways in KYD rats , figureFileSmall=VrmETulU3HGUq3Cn5aTKSA==, figureFileBig=91GRJVx3jZ+nK/qiD6n2rQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517380959171150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=2OlXLKXz50RaX/HC8oY1Gg==, figureFileBig=i2YCL8UW+q2C0WdOME759A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517381055640153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption= Integrated metabolic pathway diagram , figureFileSmall=2OlXLKXz50RaX/HC8oY1Gg==, figureFileBig=i2YCL8UW+q2C0WdOME759A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517381189857887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
MetaboliteFormulaAdductAccurate mass (m/z)Deviation (ppm)tR/minModel/ normalMT-2M/ model
measuredpredicted
CorticosteroneC21H30O4[M+H]+346.214 4346.214 1-0.86710.927###
IsoleucineC6H13NO2[M+H]+131.094 6131.094 91.9830.737#
L-PhenylalanineC9H11NO2[M+H]+165.079 0165.079 21.5140.776#
Cholic acidC24H40O5[M-H]-408.287 6408.287 5-0.17115.492##
progesteroneC21H30O2[M+H]+314.224 6314.224 5-0.38213.893#
DeoxycorticosteroneC21H30O3[M+H]+330.219 5330.220 52.93713.060##
p-Cresol sulfateC7H8O4S[M-H]-188.014 3188.013 7-3.5108.205
Deoxycholic acidC24H40O4[M-H]-392.292 7392.292 4-0.53517.150##
3-Indoxyl sulphateC8H7NO4S[M-H]-213.009 6213.008 9-3.1456.995##
HydrocortisoneC21H30O5[M+H]+362.209 3362.213 010.07710.86##
L-TyrosineC9H11NO3[M+H]+181.073 9181.074 21.4910.667###
MG(18∶0/0∶0/0∶0)C21H42O4[M+H]+358.308 3358.308 50.58618.576
2-CoumarateC9H8O3[M+H]+164.047 3164.047 61.7680.673###
Chenodeoxycholic acidC24H40O4[M-H]-438.297 6438.297 90.59317.168##
β-Muricholic acidC24H40O5[M-H]-454.292 6454.292 60.13215.497#
MethionineC5H11NO2S[M+H]+149.051 0149.051 0-0.0670.596
DL-TryptophanC11H12N2O2[M+H]+204.089 9204.091 89.2123.664#
4-OxoprolineC5H7NO3[M-H]-129.042 0129.041 5-3.9520.837
D-(-)-GlutamineC5H10N2O3[M+H]+146.068 6146.069 45.4770.568
Glycocholic acidC26H43NO6[M-H]-465.309 1465.308 5-1.31112.559
SpermidineC7H19N3[M+H]+145.157 9145.158 21.8810.376###
Methylimidazoleacetic acidC6H8N2O2[M+H]+140.058 6140.059 03.2840.571
Docosahexaenoic acidC22H32O2[M-H]-328.240 2328.239 9-1.06618.575
PalmitoylcarnitineC23H45NO4[M+H]+399.334 3399.334 71.02716.083###
Butyryl-L-carnitineC11H21NO4[M+H]+231.146 5231.147 12.5520.929
NicotinamideC6H6N2O[M+H]+122.047 5122.048 47.7020.582
N-IsovalerylglycineC7H13NO3[M-H]-159.089 0159.088 5-3.0175.471#
N-IsobutyrylglycineC6H11NO3[M-H]-145.073 3145.072 7-4.6182.739##
Glycoursodeoxycholic acidC26H43NO5[M-H]-449.313 6449.314 31.60213.815
Oleic acidC18H34O2[M-H]-282.255 3282.255 71.24018.886
HexanoylglycineC8H15NO3[M-H]-173.104 6173.104 3-1.7916.026
7, 10, 13, 16, 19-Docosapentaenoic acidC22H34O2[M-H]-330.255 3330.255 81.36318.794
PhenylacetylglycineC10H11NO[M+H]+193.073 9193.074 32.0204.529
3-Hydroxybutyric acidC4H8O3[M-H]-104.046 8104.046 0-7.2081.108
4-Hydroxybenzoic acidC7H6O3[M-H]-138.031 1138.030 5-4.5648.103
Orotic acidC5H4N2O4[M-H]-156.016 6156.017 87.7560.775
HexadecanamideC16H33NO[M+H]+255.255 7255.256 01.29312.476
D-(+)-Malic acidC4H6O5[M-H]-134.021 5134.020 3-9.2520.795
), ArticleFig(id=1210517381294715493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517370494382105, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Kidney yang deficiency (KYD) rat serum biomarkers. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs model group. Deviation (ppm): Deviation between actual and predicted molecular weight of compounds; ΔCompounds identified by comparison with standards

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
MetaboliteFormulaAdductAccurate mass (m/z)Deviation (ppm)tR/minModel/ normalMT-2M/ model
measuredpredicted
CorticosteroneC21H30O4[M+H]+346.214 4346.214 1-0.86710.927###
IsoleucineC6H13NO2[M+H]+131.094 6131.094 91.9830.737#
L-PhenylalanineC9H11NO2[M+H]+165.079 0165.079 21.5140.776#
Cholic acidC24H40O5[M-H]-408.287 6408.287 5-0.17115.492##
progesteroneC21H30O2[M+H]+314.224 6314.224 5-0.38213.893#
DeoxycorticosteroneC21H30O3[M+H]+330.219 5330.220 52.93713.060##
p-Cresol sulfateC7H8O4S[M-H]-188.014 3188.013 7-3.5108.205
Deoxycholic acidC24H40O4[M-H]-392.292 7392.292 4-0.53517.150##
3-Indoxyl sulphateC8H7NO4S[M-H]-213.009 6213.008 9-3.1456.995##
HydrocortisoneC21H30O5[M+H]+362.209 3362.213 010.07710.86##
L-TyrosineC9H11NO3[M+H]+181.073 9181.074 21.4910.667###
MG(18∶0/0∶0/0∶0)C21H42O4[M+H]+358.308 3358.308 50.58618.576
2-CoumarateC9H8O3[M+H]+164.047 3164.047 61.7680.673###
Chenodeoxycholic acidC24H40O4[M-H]-438.297 6438.297 90.59317.168##
β-Muricholic acidC24H40O5[M-H]-454.292 6454.292 60.13215.497#
MethionineC5H11NO2S[M+H]+149.051 0149.051 0-0.0670.596
DL-TryptophanC11H12N2O2[M+H]+204.089 9204.091 89.2123.664#
4-OxoprolineC5H7NO3[M-H]-129.042 0129.041 5-3.9520.837
D-(-)-GlutamineC5H10N2O3[M+H]+146.068 6146.069 45.4770.568
Glycocholic acidC26H43NO6[M-H]-465.309 1465.308 5-1.31112.559
SpermidineC7H19N3[M+H]+145.157 9145.158 21.8810.376###
Methylimidazoleacetic acidC6H8N2O2[M+H]+140.058 6140.059 03.2840.571
Docosahexaenoic acidC22H32O2[M-H]-328.240 2328.239 9-1.06618.575
PalmitoylcarnitineC23H45NO4[M+H]+399.334 3399.334 71.02716.083###
Butyryl-L-carnitineC11H21NO4[M+H]+231.146 5231.147 12.5520.929
NicotinamideC6H6N2O[M+H]+122.047 5122.048 47.7020.582
N-IsovalerylglycineC7H13NO3[M-H]-159.089 0159.088 5-3.0175.471#
N-IsobutyrylglycineC6H11NO3[M-H]-145.073 3145.072 7-4.6182.739##
Glycoursodeoxycholic acidC26H43NO5[M-H]-449.313 6449.314 31.60213.815
Oleic acidC18H34O2[M-H]-282.255 3282.255 71.24018.886
HexanoylglycineC8H15NO3[M-H]-173.104 6173.104 3-1.7916.026
7, 10, 13, 16, 19-Docosapentaenoic acidC22H34O2[M-H]-330.255 3330.255 81.36318.794
PhenylacetylglycineC10H11NO[M+H]+193.073 9193.074 32.0204.529
3-Hydroxybutyric acidC4H8O3[M-H]-104.046 8104.046 0-7.2081.108
4-Hydroxybenzoic acidC7H6O3[M-H]-138.031 1138.030 5-4.5648.103
Orotic acidC5H4N2O4[M-H]-156.016 6156.017 87.7560.775
HexadecanamideC16H33NO[M+H]+255.255 7255.256 01.29312.476
D-(+)-Malic acidC4H6O5[M-H]-134.021 5134.020 3-9.2520.795
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基于代谢组学技术的蒙药加味塔布森-2改善大鼠肾阳虚作用研究探析
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王智 , 薛培凤 , 徐才猛 , 王坤 , 董睿 , 宋清翔 , 渠弼 * , 董馨 *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2022,57(11): 3378-3386
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2022, 57(11): 3378-3386
基于代谢组学技术的蒙药加味塔布森-2改善大鼠肾阳虚作用研究探析
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王智, 薛培凤, 徐才猛, 王坤, 董睿, 宋清翔, 渠弼* , 董馨*
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  • 内蒙古医科大学药学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010110

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*渠弼, Tel: 86-471-6653142, E-mail: ;
董馨, Tel: 86-471-6653692, E-mail:
The effect of the Mongolian medicine modified Tabusen-2 on kidney-yang deficiency in rats based on metabolomics
Zhi WANG, Pei-feng XUE, Cai-meng XU, Kun WANG, Rui DONG, Qing-xiang SONG, Bi QU* , Xin DONG*
Affiliations
  • Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
出版时间: 2022-11-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0697
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本研究采用代谢组学技术探究蒙药加味塔布森-2(modified tabusen-2, MT-2)对肾阳虚(kidney yang deficiency, KYD)大鼠改善作用。所有动物实验均在内蒙古医科大学医学伦理委员会的指导和标准下进行。随机将SD大鼠分为空白组、模型组、金匮肾气丸组(1.26 g·kg-1)和MT-2高、中、低剂量组(1.512、0.756和0.378 g·kg-1), 每组6只。采用肌肉注射氢化可的松(hydrocortisone, HC)建立KYD大鼠模型, 通过生化指标以及观察其临床表征认定造模成功后, 各组进行ig给药, 空白组与模型组ig同样体积生理盐水, 连续给药8周。给药结束后采集各组血清, 进行血清生化指标与UPLC-Q-exactive-MS分析。通过代谢组学分析挖掘MT-2药物干预的生物标志物, 并对MT-2调控KYD的代谢通路进行分析。结果显示MT-2可显著降低KYD大鼠血清肌酐(creatinine, Cr) 的含量; 显著升高促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH)以及黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone, LH)的含量(P < 0.05)。血清样本中, 筛选出KYD大鼠疾病发展的生物标志物皮质酮、L-苯丙氨酸、DL-色氨酸等38个, MT-2通过回调其中的皮质酮、去氧皮质酮、L-苯丙氨酸等18个生物标志物及苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸的生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢、类固醇激素生物合成等13条相关代谢通路发挥改善KYD作用。蒙药MT-2主要通过调节氨基酸类、类固醇类以及脂类等代谢物发挥改善KYD大鼠的作用。

代谢组学  /  蒙药加味塔布森-2  /  肾阳虚  /  代谢调控

We used metabolomics to investigate the ability of a traditional Mongolian medicine called modified Tabusen-2 (MT-2) to improve kidney yang deficiency (KYD) in rats. All animal experiments were conducted under the guidance and standards of the Medical Ethics Committee of Inner Mongolia Medical University. SD rats were divided into 6 groups of six rats: a normal group, a model group, Jinkuishenqi pill administration group (1.26 g·kg-1), and MT-2 administration in high-, medium- and low-dose groups (1.512, 0.756, and 0.378 g·kg-1). KYD was established by intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone (HC) and biochemical indicators and clinical characterization was used to confirm that KYD was established. All groups received intragastrically administered drug (Jinkuishenqi pill or MT-2) or saline. Serum from each group was collected after 8 weeks and analyzed by UPLC-Q-exactive-MS to measure various biochemical indicators. The biomarkers affected by MT-2 were identified and the metabolic pathways of KYD regulated by MT-2 were analyzed by metabolomic analysis. The results show that MT-2 can decrease serum creatinine (Cr) in KYD rats and significantly increase (P < 0.05) the content of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). In serum samples, 38 biomarkers such as corticosterone, L-phenylalanine, and DL-tryptophan were measured as possible indicators for disease development in KYD rats. MT-2 lowered 18 biomarkers of KYD, including corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone, and L-phenylalanine, and altered 13 related metabolic pathways including phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis, resulting in an overall improvement in KYD. MT-2 appears to be important in improving KYD in rats mainly by regulating metabolites such as amino acids, steroids and lipids.

metabolomics  /  modified Tabusen-2  /  kidney-yang deficiency  /  metabolic regulation
王智, 薛培凤, 徐才猛, 王坤, 董睿, 宋清翔, 渠弼, 董馨. 基于代谢组学技术的蒙药加味塔布森-2改善大鼠肾阳虚作用研究探析. 药学学报, 2022 , 57 (11) : 3378 -3386 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0697
Zhi WANG, Pei-feng XUE, Cai-meng XU, Kun WANG, Rui DONG, Qing-xiang SONG, Bi QU, Xin DONG. The effect of the Mongolian medicine modified Tabusen-2 on kidney-yang deficiency in rats based on metabolomics[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2022 , 57 (11) : 3378 -3386 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0697
肾阳虚(kidney yang deficiency, KYD) 证是中医常见的证候之一, 是由肾阳亏虚, 机体失于温煦所致。现代研究表明, KYD的发病机制主要由于下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺、甲状腺和性腺轴不同层次的功能紊乱所致, 其特点是畏寒肢冷、活动能力下降、反应缓慢、食欲下降和小便清长等症状[1, 2]。蒙药加味塔布森-2 (modified Tabusen-2, MT-2) 由杜仲、蓝刺头、红花、三七和珍珠组方而成, 具有良好的改善KYD功效。本课题组前期已完成对该复方及其基础方的成分解析、提取工艺以及药效作用研究[3-5]。但该复方通过调控哪些内源性成分发挥改善KYD作用机制尚不明确。这也成为该复方实现现代化、国际化的瓶颈。由于复方药物作为一个多成分共存的复杂体系, 整方药效的表征不是简单对各成分药效的加和, 而是多种成分、多种相互作用的协调统一。因此, 单一靶点机制研究未能体现复方药物协同起效的整体作用。而肾阳虚所引起的临床表征也具有普遍性, 单一的指标不能对疾病机制进行清晰的解释。代谢组学在分析中具有明确的整体性、相关性和动态性, 能够清晰得到疾病发生和药物治疗的代谢轮廓。目前已有代谢组学研究表明肾阳虚证与多种氨基酸代谢、能量代谢以及脂代谢等均有密切的关系[6, 7], 同时在中蒙药复方药物机制研究中也具有广泛应用[8-10], 能够很好地体现中蒙医理论中的整体观念。本研究采用氢化可的松(hydrocortisone, HC) 建立KYD大鼠模型[9], 通过生化检测验证MT-2对KYD大鼠的治疗作用。同时借助代谢组学技术对MT-2治疗KYD的关键生物标志物进行筛选, 并对其作用机制进行初步探讨。
实验动物  SPF级SD雌性大鼠36只, 体重(200 ± 20) g, 12周龄, 购自内蒙古医科大学实验动物研究中心, 许可证号: SCXK(蒙) 2020-0003。颗粒饲料购自江苏省协同医药生物工程有限责任公司, 许可证号: 苏饲证(2019) 01008。动物饲养温度(20 ± 2) ℃, 相对湿度(55 ± 5) %, 环境保持12 h昼夜交替, 保持进食饮水自由。动物实验经内蒙古医科大学医学伦理委员会批准(批准号: YKD2018056)。
材料与试剂  蒙药蓝刺头(Echinops latifolius Tausch) 药材于2020年8月采自内蒙古通辽市, 杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) (批号: C20050122)、红花(Carthamus tinctorius L) (批号: C20010111)、三七(Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H.Chen) (批号: C19090202) 药材购自亳州市抱朴药业有限责任公司, 珍珠粉(Pteria martensii Dunker) (批号: 20200601) 购自北京同仁堂有限责任公司。经内蒙古医科大学药学院生药学教研室渠弼教授鉴定, 各药材均为正品。甲醇(HPLC-MS级, 批号: 110301, 美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); 甲酸(HPLC-MS级, 批号: RH286042)、水合氯醛(批号: RH306515), 罗恩试剂公司; 氢化可的松注射液(批号: 20201110, 20 mL/支, 吉林华牧有限公司); 金匮肾气丸(批号: 20011282, 6 g/丸, 北京同仁堂有限责任公司); 生理盐水(批号: 210803, 西安京西双鹤药业有限公司); 纯净水(批号20210716, 杭州娃哈哈集团有限公司); 促甲状腺激素试剂盒(TSH, 批号: L211215382)、黄体生成素试剂盒(LH, 批号: L211228439), 优尔生生物公司; 肌酐测定试剂盒(Cr, 批号: 20210927), 雷杜生命科学股份有限公司。
仪器  EYELAN-1100型旋转蒸发器(上海爱郎仪器有限公司); 移液枪(美国Thermo公司); Heraeus Megafuge 8R离心机和Forma 900 Series超低温冰箱(美国Thermo Scientific公司); BCD-290W电冰箱(青岛海尔股份有限公司); VM 500 pro多功能混匀仪(LABFISH实验仪器有限公司); Chemray 240全自动生化分析仪(深圳雷杜生命科技); CVE-3110型离心浓缩装置(日本东京理化器械株式会社)。
蒙药加味塔布森-2的制备  本课题组[4]前期已对MT-2最佳提取工艺进行优化, 其具体操作为: 将干燥的杜仲、蓝刺头、红花以及三七药材粉碎后过筛制得药材粗粉, 先将杜仲445 g、蓝刺头334 g和红花223 g投入连续回流装置, 加入60%乙醇14 000 mL, 回流提取1.5 h后滤过, 滤渣加入三七111 g后再加入等体积溶剂, 继续提取1.5 h后, 将两次滤液合并。所得药液中含有的主要化学成分及含量分别为: 绿原酸2.114 mg·g-1、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷1.11 mg·g-1、1, 5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸1.348 mg·g-1、羟基红花黄色素A 3.616 mg·g-1和人参皂苷Rg1 3.305 mg·g-1。将药液浓缩冻干成粉, 于-20 ℃保存, 待给药前按照不同剂量混合相当于生药重量3/125的珍珠粉, 加入适量生理盐水溶解, 分别配置成为0.069、0.138和0.275 g·mL-1的低、中和高剂量MT-2溶液。
动物分组与给药  将大鼠适应性饲养一周后随机分为6组, 每组6只, 分别为空白组、模型组、金匮肾气丸组和MT-2高、中、低剂量组。连续15天对模型组与给药组大鼠进行肌肉注射25 mg·kg-1氢化可的松注射液, 直至出现指甲与耳部失去血色, 体毛稀疏无光, 不喜活动、进食及饮水, 体温、体重显著下降等动物KYD症状时, 提示造模成功[11]; 空白组按照同样的方式给予生理盐水注射液。造模成功后, 各组分别ig给药: MT-2高、中、低剂量组分别给予1.512、0.756和0.378 g·kg-1 MT-2 (相当于生药粉5.6、2.8和1.4 g·kg-1)。给药高、中和低剂量分别对应临床等效计量的4倍、2倍和1倍; 阳性对照组给予金匮肾气丸1.26 g·kg-1, 给药组外其余各组每日ig等量生理盐水。连续8周每日给药1次, 每周记录一次体质量。末次给药后连续12 h禁食不禁水, 而后各组大鼠经10%水合氯醛麻醉后取血, 3 500 r·min-1离心10 min后分离血清, 保存于-80 ℃冰箱备用。
临床化学指标检测  利用全自动生化仪测定血清Cr含量, 采用试剂盒检测血清样本中TSH以及LH的含量[12-14]。仪器与试剂盒的使用均严格按照说明书要求进行。
血清样本的处理  将冻存的各组血清取出, 置于4 ℃解冻。所有组别大鼠血清样本中各取10 μL涡旋混匀, 置于干燥无菌的离心管中, 标记为血清QC样本; 每组各样品另取血清200 μL, 置于干燥无菌的离心管中。将3倍量甲醇置入QC样本与各样本血样中, 涡旋混匀5 min, 随后于4 ℃, 14 000 r·min-1离心10 min, 取上清, 减压离心浓缩干燥后, 临检前样本加入甲醇200 μL复溶, 涡旋溶解5 min, 14 000 r·min-1离心10 min, 上清置于进样瓶中进行UPLC-Q-exactive-MS分析。分析时每分析完一组样本, 插入一个QC样本。
UPLC-Q-exactive-MS分析条件  利用UPLC-Q-exactive-MS高效液相色谱-质谱联用系统(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司) 进行分析。Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3色谱柱(50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) 进行分离, 流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液(A)-甲醇(B), 设置洗脱梯度: 0~1.7 min, 5%~15% B; 1.7~8.0 min, 15%~55% B; 8.0~12.0 min, 55%~75% B; 12.0~14.0 min, 75% B; 14.0~16.0 min, 75%~100% B; 16.0~17.0 min, 100% B; 17.0~18.0 min, 100%~5% B; 18.0~20.0 min, 5% B, 柱温箱温度35 ℃, 进样量5 μL, 流速0.4 mL·min-1
质谱采用ESI源正、负离子模式检测, 各模式检测参数分别为: 离子源电压4 kV (+)、3.2 kV (-); 鞘气体积流量为40 L·min-1 (+)、35 L·min-1 (-); 碎裂电压300 V; 干燥气温度350 ℃; 饱和辅助气体积流量为2 L·min-1; 喷雾气压45 psig; 高纯N2为雾化气; 数据采集范围m/z 100~1 100, 采用full MS-ddMS2扫描方式。
数据处理  SPSS 20.0统计软件进行数据分析; 以均数±标准差(x±s) 表示计量资料; 两组间比较用t检验, 多组间比较采用单因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA), 事后两两比较采用Bonferroni法, 以P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。
UPLC-Q-exactive-MS分析得到的图谱文件通过Discoverer Compound (CD)™ 2.0软件, 进行峰鉴别、峰筛选、峰提出以及峰面积的自动计算, 最终得到包含化合物名称、保留时间、分子量、化学式、峰面积、mzCloud等信息的数据表。将其导入SIMCA-P 14.1软件进行主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA), 考察各组内样品聚类情况及各组大鼠体内代谢轮廓变化。随后将模型组和空白组各化合物进行正交最小二乘法-判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, OPLS-DA), 筛选得到变量投影重要性(variable importance, VIP) > 1的化合物, 最终确定VIP > 1且P < 0.05为KYD疾病进程中潜在的生物标志物。
结合PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) 和人类代谢组数据库(HMDB) (http://www.hmdb.ca/) 中化合物质谱信息进行潜在生物标志物鉴定, 同时对其中部分生物标志物采用标准品比对确认。
最终将所鉴定的生物标志物利用MetaboAnalys 5.0 (http://www.metaboanalyst.ca/) 和KEGG (http://www.genome.jp/kegg/) 网站进行生物代谢通路的分析。
观察各组大鼠自造模后临床表征及体重变化。结果表明, 模型组大鼠造模后逐渐出现瘦削、畏寒、小便清长以及食欲下降等KYD临床表征[9], 且自第6周开始, 模型组大鼠体重明显低于其余各组(P < 0.05)。给药组大鼠经药物调控后, KYD临床表征逐步减轻, 活力恢复, 食量明显增加, 体重逐步上升。结果见图 1
按照临床化学指标分析方法进行分析, 相较于空白组, 血清Cr的含量在模型组中显著升高(P < 0.01), 血清TSH、LH含量在模型组中显著降低(P < 0.01), 表明大鼠给予HC后对肾脏造成了明显的损伤。相较于模型组, 给予高、中、低剂量MT-2及金匮肾气丸可降低血清中的Cr的含量(P < 0.05), 升高血清中THS、LH含量(P < 0.01); 相较于金匮肾气丸组, 高、中、低剂量MT-2组大鼠血清各指标含量无统计学意义。提示MT-2对KYD治疗效果与金匮肾气丸相当。具体结果见图 2
PCA分析结果如图 3, 在正负离子模式下, QC样本聚合紧密、分布集中。随机选择QC样本中6个化合物进行保留时间与峰面积比较, 结果显示, 各化合物QC样本保留时间和峰面积的相对标准偏差在正离子模式下分别小于0.026和0.079, 在负离子模式下分别小于0.027和0.097。结果表明此次实验的精密度与重复性良好, 检测系统稳定性良好。
比较不同组别血清样本正、负离子下质谱总离子流图, 结果见图 4。如图所示, 各组总离子流轮廓总体相似, 但质谱响应值存在差异。
为了更好揭示组间差异及代谢轮廓, 采用OPLS-DA对数据进行分析。其模型参数为正离子模式: R2X = 0.694, R2Y = 0.983, Q2 = 0.573; 负离子模式: R2X = 0.716, R2Y = 0.994, Q2 = 0.339, 参数满足R2Y > Q2R2Y趋近于1, 表明模型预测能力良好。由各扫描模式下得分图(图 3) 可知, 模型组与空白组明显区分, 表明两组间代谢物存在差异; 给药组空间分布于二者之间, 提示药物具有调控KYD大鼠血清代谢物作用。
分别对正负离子模式下的模型组与空白组进行组间OPLS-DA分析, 结果如图 5A、B所示, 模型组与空白组分布于不同象限, 提示两组间代谢物存在明显差异。经200次置换检验分析后, 得模型预测图 5CD, 结果表明模拟值Q2均低于实测值R2, 提示模型预测能力很好, 能准确描述数据。
由上述OPLS-DA模型以VIP > 1且P < 0.05为筛选条件获得的KYD大鼠潜在生物标志物。通过对比以上潜在生物标志物色谱峰的保留时间、一级质谱、二级质谱等信息推定化合物结构, 共得到KYD大鼠疾病过程中生物标志物皮质酮、去氧皮质酮、L-苯丙氨酸、DL-色氨酸等38个, 其中皮质酮、去氧皮质酮、氢化可的松以及黄体酮经标准品确认。以皮质酮为例分析质谱裂解规律: 皮质酮分子式为C21H30O4, 其保留时间为10.927 min。在正离子模式下, 准分子离子峰[M+H]+m/z 347.222 1, 分子离子通过丢失一分子的H2O得到特征碎片离子m/z 329.211 5 [M-H2O+H]+, 接着再失去一分子H2O产生碎片离子m/z 311.201 2 [M-2H2O+H]+; 母离子经过开环和重排等过程丢失一分子C13H22O3产生特征碎片离子m/z 121.065 2 [M-C13H22O3+H]+; 此外母离子还丢失一分子C15H22O3得到特征碎片离子m/z 97.065 5 [M-C15H22O3+H]+
通过对MT-2中剂量组与模型组数据进行t检验, 从38个KYD模型生物标志物中筛选出MT-2对KYD大鼠干预后具有回调趋势的生物标志物18个, 结果见表 1。提示MT-2通过调控皮质酮、去氧皮质酮、氢化可的松等化合物体内水平发挥改善KYD作用。
对3.4项下筛选到的18个MT-2干预KYD大鼠特征性生物标志物进行代谢通路的富集, 结果如图 6。结果显示, 共有13条相关代谢通路可被MT-2调控, 涉及氨基酸合成与代谢、类固醇激素合成、胆汁酸生物合成、脂肪酸代谢。其中苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸的生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢、类固醇激素生物合成为MT-2改善KYD大鼠的主要调控代谢通路, 3个通路影响(pathway impact) 分别为: 1.0、0.36、0.14; -log10P分别为: 3.28、2.42、2.14。结合KYD临床症状对上述主要通路与主要参与MT-2调控的关键代谢物绘制综合代谢图(图 7)。
相关文献[1]报道, 肾阳虚疾病过程中会发生下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, HPA)、下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴(hypothalamus pituitary-thyroid axis, HPT) 和下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴(hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis, HPG) 不同程度的紊乱, 各轴上相关成分含量也相继发生变化。TSH和LH分别为HPT轴和HPG轴上关键效应成分[15, 16], 与空白组相比, 模型组TSH与LH的显著降低(P < 0.05), 表明造模药物对HPT轴与HPG轴产生了干扰, 提示造模成功; 在经过MT-2治疗后, TSH和LH有明显的回调趋势, 表明MT-2对肾阳虚的良好治疗作用。Cr为肾脏类疾病的常用临床指标, 当肾功能衰退或损伤时, 肾小球滤过率和浓缩功能的下降, 指标性成分Cr清除率下降, 血清Cr含量随之上升[17]。本研究中KYD大鼠血清Cr含量明显高于空白组, 表明KYD大鼠肾功能受损, 提示造模成功。经MT-2治疗后, 血清中Cr含量降低, 表明Cr清除率被提高, 表明MT-2具有改善肾功能, 治疗KYD的作用。此外, 研究中还发现, 不同组别大鼠前5周体重组间没有显著的统计学差异, 分析原因是造模导致大鼠不喜进食, 且给药后对胃部空间占用比较大, 导致进食量较小。自第6周开始, 模型组大鼠体重显著低于其余各组(P < 0.05), 结果与相关文献[18]报道一致。MT-2干预后, 给药组大鼠食量增加, 体重逐步上升, 与空白组变化趋势一致, 进一步证实了MT-2对KYD的改善作用。
在中、蒙医理论中, 肾脏是脏腑之本, 肾阳是肾脏排污化浊的根本, 参与各组织器官的生理功能和代谢活动[19], 因此, KYD发病机制多为多通路多靶点共同作用所致。代谢组学分析结果显示, 与空白组比, KYD大鼠血清中38个生物标志物存在明显差异, 主要包括类固醇激素类、氨基酸类、脂类以及烯酸类化合物等, 这些代谢物在KYD疾病发展过程中均发挥重要作用[18]。从上述生物标志物中筛选出MT-2对KYD大鼠干预后具有回调趋势的生物标志物代谢物包括苯丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、皮质酮、黄体酮、鹅去氧胆酸、胆酸和棕榈酰肉碱等18个。将以上代谢物富集后得到13条MT-2干预KYD大鼠的代谢通路, 主要涉及氨基酸合成与代谢、类固醇激素合成、胆汁酸生物合成、脂肪酸代谢。
研究表明, 苯丙氨酸代谢产物苯乙胺、苯丙酮酸含量上升会引起一系列慢性肾病的发生[20, 21]。造模后, KYD大鼠体内苯丙氨酸含量显著升高, 进而上调苯丙酮酸含量, 引起肾脏损伤, 进而显示出一系列肾阳虚临床症状。而经MT-2干预后, KYD大鼠体内苯丙氨酸含量显著降低, 提示MT-2通过调控苯丙氨酸含量, 干预苯丙酮酸代谢, 进而发挥改善KYD作用。支链氨基酸缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸可作为蛋白质合成和能量产生的底物, 是营养必需氨基酸, 参与三羧酸循环[22, 23]。三羧酸循环的紊乱诱发线粒体功能障碍, 进而影响能量代谢, 导致大鼠肾阳虚[24]。HC诱导下, KYD大鼠血清异亮氨酸含量发生显著变化, 给予MT-2后, 异亮氨酸回调至正常水平, 提示推测MT-2通过调控蛋白质合成以及能量代谢改善肾阳虚。
类固醇激素是HPA轴的效应激素, 由于外源性糖皮质激素的引入会抑制类固醇合成酶基因的表达, 进一步抑制垂体激素分泌。而类固醇激素含量的下降, 导致HPA轴紊乱, 进而诱发肾脏受损, 表现出KYD症状[25]。HC诱导下, 血清中类固醇激素皮质酮与黄体酮含量显著下降, HPA轴功能紊乱, 肾脏功能受损。此外, 黄体酮还具有调节体温的作用, 人体温度调节是由下丘脑前部视前区的中枢神经系统控制的。黄体酮可以刺激视前区并抑制热敏神经元的放电频率, 从而抑制热损失反应并增加热量产生[26]。KYD大鼠表现出的肢体寒冷、寒战和体温也与血清黄体酮含量显著降低有关。经MT-2治疗, KYD大鼠肢冷症状明显改善, 提示MT-2可以通过增加体内黄体酮含量来维持正常体温, 增加皮质酮的含量调节HPA轴从而治疗KYD。
胆酸和鹅去氧胆酸为胆汁酸的主要类型, 用于运输和吸收营养物质, 由肝脏分泌[27]。当体内胆汁酸类成分水平降低时, 肠道上皮屏障功能会被抑制, 加重肠源性尿毒素入血含量, 影响肾脏功能[28, 29]。模型组中几类胆酸含量均显著降低, 给药后有显著回调作用, 提示MT-2可以通过干预体内胆汁酸含量进而发挥改善KYD作用。
长链酰基衍生物棕榈酰肉碱是一种脂肪酸, 能够促进脂质酰化以及脂质与蛋白质的特定相互作用, 参与脂肪酸降解[30]。研究表明, 脂肪酸及其代谢产物含量的上升会引起效应T细胞堆积导致肾脏炎症、肾积水等一系列肾脏损伤[31]。KYD大鼠血清中棕榈酰肉碱含量上升, 提示可能由于体内脂肪酸积累, 导致肾脏受损。经MT-2干预后有明显的回调作用, 表明MT-2可能通过对脂肪酸降解途径上的效应物质棕榈酰肉碱含量的调节对KYD起到治疗作用。
综上所述, MT-2通过调控氨基酸类、类固醇类以及脂肪酸类等代谢物含量, 进而调节HPA轴、HPT轴、HPG轴功能, 并干预类固醇激素合成、氨基酸合成与代谢等通路, 发挥治疗KYD的作用。该研究为后期深入探讨MT-2改善KYD机制提供科学依据。
作者贡献: 王智、王坤、宋清翔和董睿负责完成相关实验研究; 王智和徐才猛负责数据采集与处理分析工作; 王智负责完成撰写论文工作; 董馨、渠弼和薛培凤负责对本课题实验设计思路进行指导与修改论文工作。
利益冲突: 所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81960758)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81860756)
  • 内蒙古医科大学人才团队(ZY0120014)
  • 国家级大学生创新创业项目(202010132003)
  • 内蒙古自治区大学生创新创业项目(202110132029)
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2022年第57卷第11期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0697
  • 接收时间:2022-06-06
  • 首发时间:2025-12-24
  • 出版时间:2022-11-12
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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-06
  • 修回日期:2022-08-15
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81960758)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81860756)
内蒙古医科大学人才团队(ZY0120014)
国家级大学生创新创业项目(202010132003)
内蒙古自治区大学生创新创业项目(202110132029)
作者信息
    内蒙古医科大学药学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010110

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*渠弼, Tel: 86-471-6653142, E-mail: ;
董馨, Tel: 86-471-6653692, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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