Article(id=1210516746813968868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210516741998907791, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1866, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1640880000000, receivedDateStr=2021-12-31, revisedDate=1646928000000, revisedDateStr=2022-03-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766539282754, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1665504000000, pubDateStr=2022-10-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766539282754, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766539282754, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539282754, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210516741998907791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2022', volume='57', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='3258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766539281606, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539576214, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210517977762500872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210516741998907791, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210517977762500873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210516741998907791, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3077, endPage=3085, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210516747367617042, articleId=1210516746813968868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Tanshinone I attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity based on the Akt-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, columnId=1210516747279536651, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Special Reports Ⅱ: Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-cerebrovascular Related Diseases, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic widely used in the treatment of certain types of tumors. However, DOX have some serious side effects in the body after long-term use, especially acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. This study explored the protective effect of tanshinone I (Tan I) on acute cardiotoxicity induced by DOX and its underlying molecular mechanisms. In vivo and in vitro acute cardiotoxicity models were established by injecting DOX (6 mg·kg-1, twice per week) into the tail vein of C57 mice and stimulating H9C2 cardiomyocytes with DOX. In in vivo experiments, Tan I (10 mg·kg-1) was administered daily by oral 5 days before the tail vein injection, till the end of the experiment. The effects of Tan I on mice heart function, myocardial tissue morphology and serological indicators were detected. Animal welfare and experimental procedures followed the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In in vitro experiments, the specific mechanism of Tan I against oxidative stress was further studied. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of Nrf2 and its transcription into the nucleus. In addition, the levels of oxidative stress related proteins, protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), were detected by Western blot. Finally, AutoDock software was used for molecular docking verification. The results showed that Tan I significantly improved cardiac function in mice. Meanwhile, the expression levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum were decreased. Immunofluorescence results indicated that Tan I could increase Nrf2 expression level in H9C2 cells and promote Nrf2 entry into the nucleus. Western blot results also indicated that the levels of oxidative stress related proteins, P-Akt, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 in DOX plus Tan I group were significantly increased compared with DOX group. These results suggest that Tan I can alleviate DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress through up-regulating the Akt-Nrf2 pathway, thereby alleviating DOX-induced acute myocardial injury.

, correspAuthors=Yong WANG, Qi-yan WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2022 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Qian-qian JIANG, Jing-mei ZHANG, Si-ming XUE, Xue TIAN, Xu CHEN, Tian-tian LIU, Yan-yan JIANG, Qian-bin SUN, Dong-qing GUO, Chun LI, Yong WANG, Qi-yan WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1210516750584648383, articleId=1210516746813968868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=丹参酮I基于Akt-Nrf2抗氧化通路减轻多柔比星诱导的心脏毒性, columnId=1210516747543777820, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=专题报道Ⅱ:中药防治心脑相关疾病, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

多柔比星(doxorubicin, DOX) 是一种蒽环类抗生素, 广泛用于治疗肿瘤, 但其长期使用会产生严重不良反应, 尤其是急性和慢性心脏毒性。本研究探索了丹参酮I (tanshinone I, Tan I) 对DOX诱导的急性心脏毒性的保护作用及其潜在的分子机制。动物福利和实验过程均遵循北京中医药大学实验动物伦理委员会的规定。采用小鼠尾静脉注射DOX (6 mg·kg-1, 每周2次) 和DOX刺激H9C2心肌细胞方法制备在体和离体急性心脏毒性模型。在体实验于尾静脉注射前5天, 灌胃给药Tan I (10 mg·kg-1), 直至实验结束, 检测Tan I对小鼠心功能、心肌组织形态学、血清学指标的影响。离体实验进一步研究Tan I抗氧化应激的具体机制。应用免疫荧光技术检测核因子E2相关因子2 (nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2, Nrf2) 的表达量和入核情况, 并用Western blot方法检测氧化应激相关蛋白蛋白激酶B (protein kinase B, Akt)、Nrf2、血红素加氧酶1 (heme oxygenase-1, HO-1)、NAD(P)H脱氢酶醌1 [NAD(P)H uinone dehydrogenase 1, NQO1] 水平的变化, 最后进行分子对接验证。结果显示, Tan I能明显改善小鼠的心功能, 同时降低血清中心肌损伤指标肌酸激酶同工酶(creatine kinase-MB, CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase, LDH) 的表达水平。免疫荧光结果提示Tan I能增加H9C2细胞中Nrf2的表达水平并促进Nrf2进入细胞核。Western blot结果也提示,与DOX组相比, DOX+Tan I组氧化应激相关蛋白P-Akt、Nrf2、HO-1、NQO1的水平均显著升高。上述结果证明, Tan I能减轻DOX诱导的急性心脏毒性, 其机制是通过上调Akt-Nrf2通路, 抑制氧化应激, 从而减轻DOX诱导的急性心肌损伤。

, correspAuthors=王勇, 王其艳, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*王其艳,E-mail: ;
王勇,E-mail:
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A: Schematic diagram of animal experiment process (DOX: 5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>; Tan I: 10 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>); B: Representative M-mode echocardiography was used to evaluate the cardiac function of each group; C: Echocardiography data showed that Tan I increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) and decreased left ventricular internal dimension‐systole (LVIDs). <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \stackrel{-}{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001. ns: Not significant , figureFileSmall=LrC7gEqNdWp54q5/TzbfgA==, figureFileBig=N/iNuy6C/Ds/E0W7L2eu4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516760386736582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=4sxq5TLvCcMSlecxcmW88w==, figureFileBig=LU+xhBCN1LMWEWX2CAtUvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516760520954317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Tan I reduced myocardial damage markers in mice suffering from DOX cardiotoxicity. A: The expression level of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum; B: The level of serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). DOX: 5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>; Tan I: 10 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \stackrel{-}{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 , figureFileSmall=4sxq5TLvCcMSlecxcmW88w==, figureFileBig=LU+xhBCN1LMWEWX2CAtUvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516760617423315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=B6kYSbUZ0ATCA2f6TEYzxg==, figureFileBig=yEbVQFWUBAidTdJxCi72hA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516760701309399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= Effects of Tan I on myocardial morphology in mice with DOX-induced myocardial injury. A: Hematoxylin and eosin staining for paraffin section showed that Tan I (10 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>) protected against the structural damage caused by DOX (5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>); B: Masson's trichrome staining for fibrosis. Scale bar: 100 μm , figureFileSmall=B6kYSbUZ0ATCA2f6TEYzxg==, figureFileBig=yEbVQFWUBAidTdJxCi72hA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516760797778400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=zx/SZKDMAAGb9s6sry9PJg==, figureFileBig=IsliNCGuQnv3c0aw1gssyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516760881664485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Tan I attenuated DOX-induced oxidative stress. A-C: The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD, A), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px, B) and malondialdehyde (MDA, C) in mice sera. DOX: 5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>; Tan I: 10 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \stackrel{-}{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 , figureFileSmall=zx/SZKDMAAGb9s6sry9PJg==, figureFileBig=IsliNCGuQnv3c0aw1gssyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516760973939177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=s9tkEVrvlcGI6gFF4T/wxQ==, figureFileBig=XI5pi1GEx0Irbrcxsfs98w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516761066213869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Tan I activated protein kinase B (Akt)-nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling in DOX-induced mice. The expression levels of P-Akt, Akt, Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H uinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) were analyzed by Western blot. DOX: 5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>; Tan I: 10 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \stackrel{-}{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 , figureFileSmall=s9tkEVrvlcGI6gFF4T/wxQ==, figureFileBig=XI5pi1GEx0Irbrcxsfs98w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516761187848689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=i+2S3hWZDq9Xa/aZko/swQ==, figureFileBig=aGSQMjbhv9La90KDrZS8eA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516761288511992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in DOX-induced H9C2 myocardial injury model. DOX: 1 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>; Dexrazoxane: 20 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>; Tan I: 1, 5, 10 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \stackrel{-}{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001. Scale bar: 200 μm , figureFileSmall=i+2S3hWZDq9Xa/aZko/swQ==, figureFileBig=aGSQMjbhv9La90KDrZS8eA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516761376592381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=fKuqW+z9Kre5+qAfBPPXDQ==, figureFileBig=lcklrAWrZ6+oOwjZ4FL4ZQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516761485644288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption= Tan I activated Akt-Nrf2 signaling in DOX-induced H9C2 cells. A: Western blot analysis showed P-Akt, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 levels, as shown in histograms. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \stackrel{-}{x} $</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001; B: Immunofluorescence representative image of nuclear colocalization of Nrf2. DOX: 1 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>; Dexrazoxane: 20 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>; Tan I: 1, 5, 10 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>. Scale bar: 100 μm , figureFileSmall=fKuqW+z9Kre5+qAfBPPXDQ==, figureFileBig=lcklrAWrZ6+oOwjZ4FL4ZQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516761607279111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=PsbJXyxPuvd1c3YIh4aYUA==, figureFileBig=vYPq6RPWr43d6coQgn7NDA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516761716331023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516746813968868, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption= Molecular docking results of Tan I with core target protein Nrf2 (PDB: 2LZ1). Left: The structures of Nrf2 protein surface and small molecule Tan I are shown in gray and red, respectively; Right: Partial magnification of the fine structure of Nrf2 protein and structural portion of the small molecule Tan I are shown in green and red, respectively. 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丹参酮I基于Akt-Nrf2抗氧化通路减轻多柔比星诱导的心脏毒性
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姜茜茜 1, 2, 3 , 张敬美 1, 2, 3 , 薛思明 1, 2, 3 , 田雪 1, 2, 3 , 陈旭 2, 3, 4 , 刘恬恬 2, 3, 4 , 江艳艳 1, 2, 3 , 孙乾斌 1, 2, 3 , 郭冬青 1, 2, 3 , 李春 2, 3, 5 , 王勇 2, 3, 4, * , 王其艳 1, 2, 3, *
药学学报 | 专题报道Ⅱ:中药防治心脑相关疾病 2022,57(10): 3077-3085
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药学学报 | 专题报道Ⅱ:中药防治心脑相关疾病 2022, 57(10): 3077-3085
丹参酮I基于Akt-Nrf2抗氧化通路减轻多柔比星诱导的心脏毒性
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姜茜茜1, 2, 3, 张敬美1, 2, 3, 薛思明1, 2, 3, 田雪1, 2, 3, 陈旭2, 3, 4, 刘恬恬2, 3, 4, 江艳艳1, 2, 3, 孙乾斌1, 2, 3, 郭冬青1, 2, 3, 李春2, 3, 5, 王勇2, 3, 4, * , 王其艳1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1.北京中医药大学生命科学学院, 北京 100029
  • 2.证候与方剂基础研究教育部重点实验室 (北京中医药大学), 北京 100029
  • 3.证候与方剂基础研究北京市重点实验室, 北京 100029
  • 4.北京中医药大学中医学院, 北京 100029
  • 5.北京中医药大学中药学院, 现代中药研究中心, 北京 100029

通讯作者:

*王其艳,E-mail: ;
王勇,E-mail:
Tanshinone I attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity based on the Akt-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway
Qian-qian JIANG1, 2, 3, Jing-mei ZHANG1, 2, 3, Si-ming XUE1, 2, 3, Xue TIAN1, 2, 3, Xu CHEN2, 3, 4, Tian-tian LIU2, 3, 4, Yan-yan JIANG1, 2, 3, Qian-bin SUN1, 2, 3, Dong-qing GUO1, 2, 3, Chun LI2, 3, 5, Yong WANG2, 3, 4, * , Qi-yan WANG1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • 2. Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
  • 3. Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing 100029, China
  • 4. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • 5. Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
出版时间: 2022-10-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1866
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多柔比星(doxorubicin, DOX) 是一种蒽环类抗生素, 广泛用于治疗肿瘤, 但其长期使用会产生严重不良反应, 尤其是急性和慢性心脏毒性。本研究探索了丹参酮I (tanshinone I, Tan I) 对DOX诱导的急性心脏毒性的保护作用及其潜在的分子机制。动物福利和实验过程均遵循北京中医药大学实验动物伦理委员会的规定。采用小鼠尾静脉注射DOX (6 mg·kg-1, 每周2次) 和DOX刺激H9C2心肌细胞方法制备在体和离体急性心脏毒性模型。在体实验于尾静脉注射前5天, 灌胃给药Tan I (10 mg·kg-1), 直至实验结束, 检测Tan I对小鼠心功能、心肌组织形态学、血清学指标的影响。离体实验进一步研究Tan I抗氧化应激的具体机制。应用免疫荧光技术检测核因子E2相关因子2 (nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2, Nrf2) 的表达量和入核情况, 并用Western blot方法检测氧化应激相关蛋白蛋白激酶B (protein kinase B, Akt)、Nrf2、血红素加氧酶1 (heme oxygenase-1, HO-1)、NAD(P)H脱氢酶醌1 [NAD(P)H uinone dehydrogenase 1, NQO1] 水平的变化, 最后进行分子对接验证。结果显示, Tan I能明显改善小鼠的心功能, 同时降低血清中心肌损伤指标肌酸激酶同工酶(creatine kinase-MB, CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase, LDH) 的表达水平。免疫荧光结果提示Tan I能增加H9C2细胞中Nrf2的表达水平并促进Nrf2进入细胞核。Western blot结果也提示,与DOX组相比, DOX+Tan I组氧化应激相关蛋白P-Akt、Nrf2、HO-1、NQO1的水平均显著升高。上述结果证明, Tan I能减轻DOX诱导的急性心脏毒性, 其机制是通过上调Akt-Nrf2通路, 抑制氧化应激, 从而减轻DOX诱导的急性心肌损伤。

丹参酮I  /  多柔比星  /  急性心脏毒性  /  氧化应激  /  核因子E2相关因子2  /  抗氧化剂

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic widely used in the treatment of certain types of tumors. However, DOX have some serious side effects in the body after long-term use, especially acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. This study explored the protective effect of tanshinone I (Tan I) on acute cardiotoxicity induced by DOX and its underlying molecular mechanisms. In vivo and in vitro acute cardiotoxicity models were established by injecting DOX (6 mg·kg-1, twice per week) into the tail vein of C57 mice and stimulating H9C2 cardiomyocytes with DOX. In in vivo experiments, Tan I (10 mg·kg-1) was administered daily by oral 5 days before the tail vein injection, till the end of the experiment. The effects of Tan I on mice heart function, myocardial tissue morphology and serological indicators were detected. Animal welfare and experimental procedures followed the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In in vitro experiments, the specific mechanism of Tan I against oxidative stress was further studied. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of Nrf2 and its transcription into the nucleus. In addition, the levels of oxidative stress related proteins, protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), were detected by Western blot. Finally, AutoDock software was used for molecular docking verification. The results showed that Tan I significantly improved cardiac function in mice. Meanwhile, the expression levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum were decreased. Immunofluorescence results indicated that Tan I could increase Nrf2 expression level in H9C2 cells and promote Nrf2 entry into the nucleus. Western blot results also indicated that the levels of oxidative stress related proteins, P-Akt, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 in DOX plus Tan I group were significantly increased compared with DOX group. These results suggest that Tan I can alleviate DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress through up-regulating the Akt-Nrf2 pathway, thereby alleviating DOX-induced acute myocardial injury.

tanshinone I  /  doxorubicin  /  acute cardiotoxicity  /  oxidative stress  /  nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2  /  antioxidant
姜茜茜, 张敬美, 薛思明, 田雪, 陈旭, 刘恬恬, 江艳艳, 孙乾斌, 郭冬青, 李春, 王勇, 王其艳. 丹参酮I基于Akt-Nrf2抗氧化通路减轻多柔比星诱导的心脏毒性. 药学学报, 2022 , 57 (10) : 3077 -3085 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1866
Qian-qian JIANG, Jing-mei ZHANG, Si-ming XUE, Xue TIAN, Xu CHEN, Tian-tian LIU, Yan-yan JIANG, Qian-bin SUN, Dong-qing GUO, Chun LI, Yong WANG, Qi-yan WANG. Tanshinone I attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity based on the Akt-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2022 , 57 (10) : 3077 -3085 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1866
多柔比星(doxorubicin, DOX) 是目前临床最常用的广谱抗肿瘤药物之一, 但其心脏毒性不良反应限制了临床应用[1]。DOX心脏毒性还可发展至不可逆的心肌病及心力衰竭[2]。右雷佐生是目前唯一被批准用于预防蒽环类药物引起的心脏毒性的治疗方法, 但由于继发性恶性肿瘤和骨髓增生异常综合征等不良反应的出现, 其临床使用受到限制。DOX心脏毒性的具体机制尚未阐明, 但现有研究证明氧化应激是其重要致病因素[3]。丹参是临床上广泛用于治疗心血管疾病的中草药[4], 其主要药理活性成分是丹参酮。丹参酮在心血管方面的保护作用一直是研究重点, 研究表明其具有保护心血管、抗炎、抗纤维化和抗肿瘤等多种药理活性[5]。丹参酮由4种主要成分组成: 丹参酮Ⅰ (tanshinone I, Tan I)、丹参酮ⅡA、隐丹参酮和二氢丹参酮Ⅰ。最新研究证实丹参酮主要成分对人类癌细胞有一定的抑制活性。隐丹参酮通过影响细胞周期显著抑制体外肝癌和乳腺癌细胞的生长[6, 7]。丹参酮IIA通过诱导细胞凋亡抑制体外乳腺癌、胶质瘤、白血病和肝癌细胞的生长[8]。Tan I是中药丹参根的乙醚提取物中的成分, 具有高效抗氧化作用, 对心血管疾病有很好的保护作用[9]且具有较好的抗肿瘤活性[10], 但其在DOX诱导的急性心脏毒性中的作用尚不明确, 有关Tan I在DOX心脏毒性模型中的保护作用还未见报道。核因子E2相关因子2 (nuclear erythroid factor 2-related factor 2, Nrf2) 是细胞氧化还原稳态的主要调节器, 在心脏组织中发挥关键的抗氧化作用。本研究建立了小鼠DOX心脏毒性模型, 探讨Tan I对DOX诱导的心脏毒性的保护效果, 并探究Tan I是否能通过激活Nrf2通路发挥抗氧化作用, 以期为DOX诱导心脏毒性的防治研究提供一定的实验依据, 为临床DOX心脏毒性的治疗提供潜在的靶点。
实验动物   C57BL/6小鼠购自北京斯贝福实验动物技术有限公司, 雄性, 体重18 ± 2 g, 许可证号: SCXK (京) 2019-0010。动物福利和实验过程均遵循北京中医药大学实验动物伦理委员会的规定, 动物研究方案获得北京中医药大学实验动物伦理委员会批准, 编号: BUCM-4-2018001201-1014。
试剂   DOX (25316-40-9-1.0g, 华奉联博公司); Tan I (T101150-20mg, 上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司); 右丙亚胺(dexrazoxane, S26619-100mg, 上海源叶生物科技有限公司); 肌酸激酶同工酶(creatine kinase-MB, CK-MB) 测定试剂盒、乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase, LDH) 测定试剂盒(武汉华美生物工程有限公司); 蛋白激酶B (protein kinase B, Akt) 抗体、P-Akt抗体、Nrf2抗体、血红素加氧酶1 (heme oxygenase-1, HO-1) 抗体、β-actin抗体、山羊抗鼠二抗、山羊抗兔二抗(Abways公司); NAD(P)H脱氢酶醌1 [NAD(P)H uinone dehydrogenase 1, NQO1] 抗体(博士德生物公司); 超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA) 检测试剂盒(南京建成公司); RIPA裂解液、封闭专用脱脂奶粉、磷酸酶抑制剂、蛋白酶抑制剂、BCA蛋白测定试剂盒(北京普利莱基因技术有限公司); DMEM高糖培养基(Hyclone公司); 胎牛血清(Thermo Fisher公司); 活性氧检测试剂盒(DCFH-DA荧光探针)、DAPI (4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole)、普通山羊血清(上海碧云天生物技术有限公司)。
仪器  小动物超声影像系统(Vevo2100, VisualSonics公司); 组织超声破碎仪(HildenTissueLyser II, Qiagen公司); 电泳及电转系统(041BR182017)、凝胶成像仪及图像分析系统(Molecular lmagery ChemiDocTM XRST) (Bio-Rad公司); Multiskan全自动酶标仪(MK3, Thermo公司); 倒置光学显微镜(卡尔蔡司公司); 倒置荧光显微镜(Leica公司); 激光共聚焦显微镜(奥林巴斯公司)。
DOX诱导的小鼠急性心脏毒性模型制备及给药   C57BL/6小鼠采用计算机生成随机数字法随机分为对照组、模型组、Tan I组, 每组6只。模型组和Tan I组小鼠尾静脉注射DOX (10 mg·mL-1, 生理盐水溶解), 于第1、4天分别注射6 mg·kg-1, 共累计12 mg·kg-1, 第7天进行超声取材, 对照组同时腹腔注射等容积生理盐水。根据前期实验研究[11-14], 从注射DOX前5天进行Tan I (10 mg·kg-1, 0.5% CMC钠溶解; 储液浓度为1 mg·mL-1) 组灌胃给药, 每天1次, 共计12天; 对照组和模型组给予等量0.5% CMC钠溶液灌胃。模型建立过程中无动物死亡现象。
超声心动图测定  在实验末次给药后, 对各组小鼠进行经胸心脏彩色超声多普勒检查。超声经胸骨左心长轴切面测量左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF)、短轴缩短分数(left ventricular fractional shortening, LVFS)、左室舒张末期内径(left ventricular internal dimension‐diastole, LVIDd)、左室收缩末期内径(left ventricular internal dimension‐systole, LVIDs)。
病理学检测  在冰上分离小鼠左心, 用4%多聚甲醛固定。经乙醇脱水、组织透明、石蜡包埋、连续切片和苏木素-伊红(hematoxylin and eosin, HE) 染色等操作, 制作病理切片, 于光镜下观察心肌组织形态学改变并拍摄图片。
血清学检测  小鼠腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠麻醉, 腹主动脉取血, 常温静置2 h, 4 ℃、3 000 r·min-1离心20 min后分离血清, 按照试剂盒说明书检测血清中心肌损伤指标(LDH、CK-MB) 和氧化应激指标(GSH-Px、SOD、MDA)。
DCFH-DA染色  通过体外DCFH-DA染色方法评估细胞内活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS) 的产生。将H9C2细胞接种于24孔板中, 用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM高糖培养基进行培养。用无血清培养液以1∶1 000稀释DCFH-DA, 使终浓度为10 μmol·L-1, 加入细胞孔, 在37 ℃、5% CO2条件下避光染色30 min, 用倒置荧光显微镜进行拍摄并用Image J软件分析。
免疫荧光   H9C2细胞以8×103个接种于14 mm的激光共聚焦培养皿(Cellvis公司) 中, 用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM高糖培养基进行培养。4%多聚甲醛固定15 min, 透化20 min, 普通山羊血清封闭1 h。随后, 将细胞与Nrf2抗体在4 ℃孵育过夜, 然后与二抗孵育1 h。用磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS) 洗3次后, 用DAPI (5 μg·mL-1) 复染细胞20 min。用激光共聚焦显微镜拍摄图像, Image J软件进行分析。
蛋白印迹(Western blot)测定  使用含有蛋白酶和磷酸酶抑制剂的RIPA裂解缓冲液对来自细胞和心脏组织的总蛋白样品进行匀浆, 用BCA蛋白测定试剂盒测定样品的蛋白浓度。含量测定后, 用SDS-PAGE (8%~12%) 分离蛋白质, 转移到PVDF膜上。在室温下用5%脱脂牛奶封闭2 h后, 与一抗在4 ℃下孵育过夜, 然后将膜用PBS洗3次, 每次10 min。接着室温下加入抗兔或抗小鼠二抗1 h后, 用电化学发光(ECL) 试剂在黑暗中反应1 min。用Image-Lab软件进行分析, 对P-Akt与Akt的灰度值进行标准化, Nrf2、HO-1、NQO1的灰度值分别与内参β-actin的灰度值进行标准化。
分子对接  分子对接以受体理论为基础, 通过计算机虚拟模拟, 评价药物活性成分与关键靶点的结合能力。本研究采用AutoDock软件进行分子对接验证, 并采用PyMOL软件去除氢原子及配体, 并将对接结果可视化, 以此评价Tan I与靶蛋白Nrf2之间的结合活性。
统计学分析  数据均表示为平均值±标准差($ \stackrel{-}{x} $ ± s), 用GraphPad Prism 8.3.0软件进行统计分析。进行单向方差分析(ANOVA), 然后进行Tukey事后检验, 以比较多组的平均值。通过Student's t检验分析两组之间差异。P < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。实验重复3次。
超声心动图检测是评价心脏功能的常用方法。本研究中, DOX于第6天和第9天尾静脉注射后未出现小鼠死亡的情况。超声心动图结果显示(图 1), 与对照组比较, DOX组小鼠LVEF、LVFS显著降低, LVIDs显著升高。与DOX组比较, DOX+Tan I组LVEF、LVFS显著升高, LVIDs显著降低, 差异具有统计学意义。上述结果提示Tan I能改善DOX诱导的心脏毒性小鼠的心功能。
在DOX诱导的心脏毒性模型中, CK-MB、LDH可作为评估心肌损伤的关键指标。结果显示(图 2), 与对照组比较, 模型组小鼠血清CK-MB、LDH显著升高。与模型组比较, Tan I组小鼠CK-MB、LDH显著降低。上述结果说明Tan I能降低DOX诱导的心肌损伤。
图 3所示, 对照组心肌细胞排列均匀, 形态正常, 未见异常形态细胞。模型组出现心肌细胞水肿, 空泡变性, 排列紊乱, 细胞增生, 甚至出现间质纤维化。Tan I组与模型组比较, 心肌细胞排列较均匀, 水肿减轻, 空泡变性减少, 细胞增生不明显。结果说明Tan I改善了小鼠因DOX导致的心肌形态变化, 减轻了心肌细胞的纤维化程度。
氧化损伤被认为是DOX引起心脏毒性的关键原因[15]。因此, 检测了血清中SOD、GSH-Px和MDA的水平。如图 4所示, 与对照组比较, 模型组小鼠血清中SOD活性和GSH-Px水平均显著降低, MDA水平显著升高; 与模型组比较, Tan I组SOD活性和GSH-Px水平均显著升高, MDA水平显著降低, 提示Tan I能提高小鼠的抗氧化水平, 并减轻氧化损伤。
Nrf2在心脏组织中起关键抗氧化作用, Akt是Nrf2的上游调控因子, HO-1和NQO1是Nrf2的下游靶标, 是具有抗氧化功能的酶。本研究通过Western blot技术检测这些蛋白的表达水平。如图 5所示, 与对照组比较, 模型组P-Akt、Nrf2、HO-1、NQO1蛋白表达水平均降低。与模型组比较, Tan I组P-Akt、Nrf2、HO-1、NQO1蛋白表达水平显著升高。结果说明Tan I可能通过激活Akt-Nrf2通路, 提高下游抗氧化酶HO-1、NQO1的表达, 从而对DOX诱导的心脏毒性起保护作用。
为了进一步证明Tan I的抗氧化作用, 在离体实验中采用DCFH-DA试剂盒评估DOX诱导的H9C2心肌细胞中ROS的产生。如图 6所示, DCFH-DA探针装载后, 与对照组相比, 模型组绿色荧光明显增强, 表明H9C2细胞中的ROS水平显著升高, 不同浓度的Tan I处理以剂量依赖的方式降低了DOX刺激的H9C2细胞中的ROS水平。
为了探讨Akt-Nrf2通路是否介导Tan I对DOX诱导的心脏毒性的保护作用, 采用Western blot检测H9C2细胞中Nrf2及其上下游指标的总蛋白水平, 证明了Tan I对Nrf2激活的影响, 并采用细胞免疫荧光技术分析了Nrf2的核定位(图 7)。结果表明, 与正常组相比, DOX组细胞中Nrf2、P-Akt、HO-1、NQO1的水平显著降低, 1、5和10 μmol·L-1的Tan I干预使Nrf2、P-Akt、HO-1、NQO1水平呈剂量依赖性升高(图 7A)。此外, 1、5和10 μmol·L-1的Tan I处理增加了Nrf2的总量并促进Nrf2进入细胞核(图 7B)。这些数据表明Tan I促进了DOX诱导的H9C2心肌损伤细胞中Nrf2的激活和核转运。
为进一步确定Tan I与核心靶蛋白Nrf2之间的相互作用, 采用AutoDock软件进行分子对接验证。评价分子对接结果的一般标准是亲和力和配体与受体结合的稳定性[16]。结合力越低表明亲和力越强, 氢键数目越多表明结合越稳定。分子对接结合能 < -5.0被认为具有结合意义[17]。本研究分子对接结果如图 8所示, Tan I与Nrf2的分子对接结合能为-6.29 kcal·mol-1, 即 < -5.0, 且在此结合能下, 二者之间形成氢键, 表明Tan I与Nrf2有良好的亲和力和稳定性。
DOX诱导心脏毒性的机制非常复杂, 包括氧化应激、细胞凋亡、线粒体功能障碍、铁死亡、炎症、自噬等, 这些机制往往相互重叠[18-20]。在现有的机制研究中, 氧化应激占主导地位。ROS的产生与抗氧化防御系统之间的不平衡是DOX诱导心脏毒性的主要机制之一[21]。在本研究中, 根据心功能、形态学、血清生化指标、免疫荧光、Western blot等结果, 证实Tan I可通过Nrf2信号通路减轻氧化应激, 对DOX诱导的急性心脏毒性起保护作用。
Tan I是一种具有心血管保护作用的天然化合物[22], 可直接靶向Nrf2并作为潜在的Nrf2激动剂, 在体内过氧化氢模型和体外ISO诱导的心脏肥大模型中调节Nrf2/MAPK信号来抑制氧化应激, 从而减轻心脏损伤[23]。在心肌缺血再灌注模型中通过Akt-Nrf2信号通路抑制坏死性凋亡从而发挥心血管保护作用[9]。此外, Tan I显示出针对不同类型癌症的抗肿瘤活性, 如在体外抑制卵巢癌细胞的增殖[10], 抑制斑马鱼白血病模型中恶性造血和白血病细胞的生长等[24]。Tan I能否通过调控Nrf2通路对DOX诱导的急性心脏毒性起保护作用尚不清楚。
DOX诱导的自由基和随之而来的脂质过氧化是心肌细胞损伤的重要原因。当心肌组织的SOD、GSH-Px等抗氧化酶的活性降低时, ROS的产生超过清除能力, 就会引发氧化应激, 使心肌更易受到DOX的损伤[25]。Nrf2是碱性亮氨酸拉链转录因子CNC (cap'n'collar) 家族的重要成员, 在机体的多种组织(如心、肝、肾、脾等) 的细胞内均有表达。Nrf2是细胞氧化还原稳态的主要调节器, 是防御ROS的基础[15]。Nrf2被激活后从细胞质易位到细胞核, 启动抗氧化酶的表达, 其中包括HO-1和NQO1等, 使其含量升高, 以对抗DOX诱导的氧化应激进而发挥细胞保护作用[26]。Akt是Nrf2的上游调控因子。本研究数据表明, 经Tan I处理后, Akt发生活化(磷酸化), 从而激活Nrf2并使其向细胞核内转移, 核中Nrf2蛋白水平增加后提高了HO-1、NQO1等抗氧化酶的活性从而发挥抗氧化作用。这在一定程度上说明了Tan I减轻DOX诱导的心脏毒性与氧化应激有关。最后本研究采用AutoDock软件进行分子对接验证, 其结果也很好证明了Tan I与Nrf2有良好的亲和力和稳定性。
综上所述, Tan I对DOX诱导的急性心脏毒性有保护作用, 主要表现在减轻心肌细胞氧化损伤、保护心功能等方面, 其作用机制可能与激活Akt-Nrf2信号通路、减轻氧化应激损伤有关。
作者贡献: 姜茜茜负责研究设计、结果分析及文章撰写; 张敬美、薛思明和田雪参与实验操作与数据采集; 陈旭和刘恬恬参与实验设计和实验技术的提供; 江艳艳和孙乾斌负责文献检索和数据分析; 郭冬青和李春参与实验设计、结果分析、论文修改; 王勇和王其艳负责实验监督及论文审阅。
利益冲突: 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81822049)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81673712)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82174364)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82174215)
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2022年第57卷第10期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1866
  • 接收时间:2021-12-31
  • 首发时间:2025-12-24
  • 出版时间:2022-10-12
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  • 收稿日期:2021-12-31
  • 修回日期:2022-03-11
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81822049)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81673712)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82174364)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82174215)
作者信息
    1.北京中医药大学生命科学学院, 北京 100029
    2.证候与方剂基础研究教育部重点实验室 (北京中医药大学), 北京 100029
    3.证候与方剂基础研究北京市重点实验室, 北京 100029
    4.北京中医药大学中医学院, 北京 100029
    5.北京中医药大学中药学院, 现代中药研究中心, 北京 100029

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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