Article(id=1210516742690967951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210516741998907791, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1653494400000, receivedDateStr=2022-05-26, revisedDate=1656000000000, revisedDateStr=2022-06-24, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766539281770, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1665504000000, pubDateStr=2022-10-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766539281770, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766539281770, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539281770, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210516741998907791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2022', volume='57', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='3258', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766539281606, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539576214, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210517977762500872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210516741998907791, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210517977762500873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210516741998907791, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2914, endPage=2920, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210516743156535698, articleId=1210516742690967951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Research progress of small molecule inhibitors of doublecortin-like kinase 1, columnId=1210516743097815441, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Special Reports Ⅰ: New Targets, New Strategies for Drug Discovery and Advances in Antiviral Drug Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The overexpression of doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is closely related to the occurrence and development of various malignant tumors. Discovery of novel anti-tumor agents targeting DCLK1 represents a hot spot in this field. So far, several DCLK1 small molecule inhibitors with excellent anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo have been designed and synthesized, which is expected to provide a new strategy for tumor therapy. This article reviews the research progress in the discovery, structure type, structural optimization, biological activity and mechanism of action of DCLK1 small molecule inhibitors, and provides research basis for the development of new anti-tumor small molecule inhibitors targeting DCLK1.

, correspAuthors=Chun-quan SHENG, Shan-chao WU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2022 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yu-ping CHEN, Ke-liang LI, Chun-quan SHENG, Shan-chao WU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1210516745882833338, articleId=1210516742690967951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=双肾上腺皮质激素样激酶1小分子抑制剂的研究进展, columnId=1210516743232033171, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=专题报道Ⅰ:药物发现的新靶标、新策略与抗病毒药物研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

双肾上腺皮质激素样激酶1 (DCLK1) 的过表达与多种恶性肿瘤的发生发展密切相关, 抑制DCLK1活性, 可以有效发挥抗肿瘤作用, 已经成为抗肿瘤药物研发的热门领域。目前已有多个DCLK1小分子抑制剂表现出优秀的体内外抗肿瘤活性, 有望为肿瘤治疗提供全新策略。基于此, 本文综述了DCLK1小分子抑制剂的发现、结构类型、结构优化、生物活性及作用机制等方面的研究进展, 以期为开发基于DCLK1的新型抗肿瘤小分子抑制剂提供借鉴和参考。

, correspAuthors=盛春泉, 武善超, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*盛春泉, Tel: 86-21-81871201, E-mail: ;
武善超, Tel: 86-21-81871242, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2022, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=fwHzsaM084X+sUTRiZg2/A==, magXml=VkU1wBWNFFAtKgrvoPW6Hg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=ty543/A4n1vzUb+Ci08N7A==, pdfFileSize=1546717, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=6tXo5mvRNhE5DndBCLgm3g==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=pRowrTlSCPpEGSh3SdgxeA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

#共同第一作者.

, authorsList=陈玉平, 李柯良, 盛春泉, 武善超)}, authors=[Author(id=1210516746306458059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210516746373566930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, authorId=1210516746306458059, language=EN, stringName=Yu-ping CHEN, firstName=Yu-ping, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210516746516173270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, authorId=1210516746306458059, language=CN, stringName=陈玉平, firstName=玉平, middleName=null, lastName=陈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=#, address=中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210516746209989059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746214183364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746222571975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433)])]), Author(id=1210516746604253659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210516746696528352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, authorId=1210516746604253659, language=EN, stringName=Ke-liang LI, firstName=Ke-liang, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210516746780414436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, authorId=1210516746604253659, language=CN, stringName=李柯良, firstName=柯良, middleName=null, lastName=李, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=#, address=中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210516746209989059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746214183364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746222571975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433)])]), Author(id=1210516746855911913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=shengcq@smmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210516746935603694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, authorId=1210516746855911913, language=EN, stringName=Chun-quan SHENG, firstName=Chun-quan, middleName=null, lastName=SHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210516747044655609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, authorId=1210516746855911913, language=CN, stringName=盛春泉, firstName=春泉, middleName=null, lastName=盛, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210516746209989059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746214183364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746222571975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433)])]), Author(id=1210516747115958783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=wushanchao07_2@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210516747220816389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, authorId=1210516747115958783, language=EN, stringName=Shan-chao WU, firstName=Shan-chao, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210516747308896783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, authorId=1210516747115958783, language=CN, stringName=武善超, firstName=善超, middleName=null, lastName=武, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210516746209989059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746214183364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746222571975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1210516747426337303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=protein kinase), Keyword(id=1210516747539583515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=doublecortin-like kinase 1), Keyword(id=1210516747648635428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=anti-tumor activity), Keyword(id=1210516747728327210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=small molecule inhibitor), Keyword(id=1210516747854156335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=lead compound), Keyword(id=1210516747996762675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=蛋白激酶), Keyword(id=1210516748126786113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=双肾上腺皮质激素样激酶1), Keyword(id=1210516748252615242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=抗肿瘤活性), Keyword(id=1210516748382638675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=小分子抑制剂), Keyword(id=1210516748470719070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=先导化合物)], refs=[Reference(id=1210516751637418808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1016/j.str.2016.07.008, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=24, issue=null, pageStart=1550, pageEnd=1561, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Patel O, Dai W, Mentzel M, journalName=Structure, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Patel O , Dai W , Mentzel M et al . Biochemical and structural insights into doublecortin-like kinase domain 1[J]. Structure, 2016, 24: 1550-1561., articleTitle=Biochemical and structural insights into doublecortin-like kinase domain 1, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516751759053635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1038/ng.2481, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=45, issue=null, pageStart=98, pageEnd=103, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Nakanishi Y, Seno H, Fukuoka A, journalName=Nat Genet, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Nakanishi Y , Seno H , Fukuoka A et al . Dclk1 distinguishes between tumor and normal stem cells in the intestine[J]. Nat Genet, 2013, 45: 98-103., articleTitle=Dclk1 distinguishes between tumor and normal stem cells in the intestine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516751838745422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2013.09.050, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=146, issue=null, pageStart=245, pageEnd=256, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Bailey JM, Alsina J, Rasheed ZA, journalName=Gastroenterology, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Bailey JM , Alsina J , Rasheed ZA et al . DCLK1 marks a morphologically distinct subpopulation of cells with stem cell properties in preinvasive pancreatic cancer[J]. Gastroenterology, 2014, 146: 245-256., articleTitle=DCLK1 marks a morphologically distinct subpopulation of cells with stem cell properties in preinvasive pancreatic cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516751964574561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=2019, issue=null, pageStart=6402925, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Qu D, Weygant N, Yao J, journalName=J Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Qu D , Weygant N , Yao J et al . Overexpression of DCLK1-AL increases tumor cell invasion, drug resistance, and KRAS activation and can be targeted to inhibit tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer[J]. J Oncol, 2019, 2019: 6402925., articleTitle=Overexpression of DCLK1-AL increases tumor cell invasion, drug resistance, and KRAS activation and can be targeted to inhibit tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516752061043569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1002/ijc.31232, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=142, issue=null, pageStart=2068, pageEnd=2079, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Liu W, Wang S, Sun Q, journalName=Int J Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Liu W , Wang S , Sun Q et al . DCLK1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in colorectal cancer[J]. Int J Cancer, 2018, 142: 2068-2079., articleTitle=DCLK1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in colorectal cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516752199455616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117150, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=241, issue=null, pageStart=117150, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Yan R, Li J, Zhou Y, journalName=Life Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Yan R , Li J , Zhou Y et al . Inhibition of DCLK1 down-regulates PD-L1 expression through hippo pathway in human pancreatic cancer[J]. Life Sci, 2020, 241: 117150., articleTitle=Inhibition of DCLK1 down-regulates PD-L1 expression through hippo pathway in human pancreatic cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516752342061973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0073940, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=8, issue=null, pageStart=e73940, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Sureban SM, May R, Qu D, journalName=PLoS One, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Sureban SM , May R , Qu D et al . DCLK1 regulates pluripotency and angiogenic factors via microRNA-dependent mechanisms in pancreatic cancer[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8: e73940., articleTitle=DCLK1 regulates pluripotency and angiogenic factors via microRNA-dependent mechanisms in pancreatic cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516752455308191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1186/1477-3155-9-40, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=9, issue=null, pageStart=40, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Sureban SM, May R, Mondalek FG, journalName=J Nanobiotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Sureban SM , May R , Mondalek FG et al . Nanoparticle-based delivery of siDCAMKL-1 increases microRNA-144 and inhibits colorectal cancer tumor growth via a Notch-1 dependent mechanism[J]. J Nanobiotechnology, 2011, 9: 40., articleTitle=Nanoparticle-based delivery of siDCAMKL-1 increases microRNA-144 and inhibits colorectal cancer tumor growth via a Notch-1 dependent mechanism, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516752635663280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1128/JVI.05920-11, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=85, issue=null, pageStart=12292, pageEnd=12303, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Ali N, Allam H, May R, journalName=J Virol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Ali N , Allam H , May R et al . Hepatitis C virus-induced cancer stem cell-like signatures in cell culture and murine tumor xenografts[J]. J Virol, 2011, 85: 12292-12303., articleTitle=Hepatitis C virus-induced cancer stem cell-like signatures in cell culture and murine tumor xenografts, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516752757298114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=22, issue=null, pageStart=84, pageEnd=88, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Jang DM, Lim HJ, Hahn H, journalName=Int J Mol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Jang DM , Lim HJ , Hahn H et al . Structural basis of inhibition of DCLK1 by ruxolitinib[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22: 84-88., articleTitle=Structural basis of inhibition of DCLK1 by ruxolitinib, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516752866350032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1073/pnas.0609412103, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=104, issue=null, pageStart=270, pageEnd=275, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Galkin AV, Melnick JS, Kim S, journalName=Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Galkin AV , Melnick JS , Kim S et al . Identification of NVP-TAE684, a potent, selective, and efficacious inhibitor of NPM-ALK[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2007, 104: 270-275., articleTitle=Identification of NVP-TAE684, a potent, selective, and efficacious inhibitor of NPM-ALK, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516752983790559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1016/0006-2944(75)90147-7, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1975, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=117, pageEnd=126, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Makar AB, McMartin KE, Palese M, journalName=Biochem Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Makar AB , McMartin KE , Palese M et al . Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning[J]. Biochem Med, 1975, 13: 117-126., articleTitle=Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516753084453870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1038/nchembio.538, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=7, issue=null, pageStart=203, pageEnd=205, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Deng X, Dzamko N, Prescott A, journalName=Nat Chem Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Deng X , Dzamko N , Prescott A et al . Characterization of a selective inhibitor of the Parkinson's disease kinase LRRK2[J]. Nat Chem Biol, 2011, 7: 203-205., articleTitle=Characterization of a selective inhibitor of the Parkinson's disease kinase LRRK2, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516753159951352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1021/jm5018779, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=58, issue=null, pageStart=3751, pageEnd=3756, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Gilsbach BK, Messias AC, Ito G, journalName=J Med Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Gilsbach BK , Messias AC , Ito G et al . Structural characterization of LRRK2 inhibitors[J]. J Med Chem, 2015, 58: 3751-3756., articleTitle=Structural characterization of LRRK2 inhibitors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516753285779457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1038/nbt1068, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=23, issue=null, pageStart=329, pageEnd=336, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Fabian MA, Biggs WH 3rd, Treiber DK, journalName=Nat Biotechnol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Fabian MA , Biggs WH 3rd , Treiber DK et al . A small molecule-kinase interaction map for clinical linase inhibitors[J]. Nat Biotechnol, 2005, 23: 329-336., articleTitle=A small molecule-kinase interaction map for clinical linase inhibitors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516753390637068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1038/nbt1358, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=26, issue=null, pageStart=127, pageEnd=132, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Karaman MW, Herrgard S, Treiber DK, journalName=Nat Biotechnol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Karaman MW , Herrgard S , Treiber DK et al . A quantitative analysis of kinase inhibitor selectivity[J]. Nat Biotechnol, 2008, 26: 127-132., articleTitle=A quantitative analysis of kinase inhibitor selectivity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516754598596637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1186/1476-4598-13-103, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=103, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Weygant N, Qu D, Berry WL, journalName=Mol Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Weygant N , Qu D , Berry WL et al . Small molecule kinase inhibitor LRRK2-IN-1 demonstrates potent activity against colorectal and pancreatic cancer through inhibition of doublecortin-like kinase 1[J]. Mol Cancer, 2014, 13: 103., articleTitle=Small molecule kinase inhibitor LRRK2-IN-1 demonstrates potent activity against colorectal and pancreatic cancer through inhibition of doublecortin-like kinase 1, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516754711842855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1021/ml100304b, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=2, issue=null, pageStart=195, pageEnd=200, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Deng X, Yang Q, Kwiatkowski N, journalName=ACS Med Chem Lett, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Deng X , Yang Q , Kwiatkowski N et al . Discovery of a benzo[e]pyrimido-[5, 4-b][1, 4]diazepin-6(11H)-one as a potent and selective inhibitor of big MAP kinase 1[J]. ACS Med Chem Lett, 2011, 2: 195-200., articleTitle=Discovery of a benzo[e]pyrimido-[5, 4-b][1, 4]diazepin-6(11H)-one as a potent and selective inhibitor of big MAP kinase 1, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516754812506160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1016/j.ccr.2010.08.008, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=18, issue=null, pageStart=258, pageEnd=267, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Yang Q, Deng X, Lu B, journalName=Cancer Cell, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Yang Q , Deng X , Lu B et al . Pharmacological inhibition of BMK1 suppresses tumor growth through promyelocytic leukemia protein[J]. Cancer Cell, 2010, 18: 258-267., articleTitle=Pharmacological inhibition of BMK1 suppresses tumor growth through promyelocytic leukemia protein, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516754980278337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1016/j.canlet.2014.05.011, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=351, issue=null, pageStart=151, pageEnd=161, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Sureban SM, May R, Weygant N, journalName=Cancer Lett, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Sureban SM , May R , Weygant N et al . XMD8-92 inhibits pancreatic tumor xenograft growth via a DCLK1-dependent mechanism[J]. Cancer Lett, 2014, 351: 151-161., articleTitle=XMD8-92 inhibits pancreatic tumor xenograft growth via a DCLK1-dependent mechanism, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516755135467602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00596, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=63, issue=null, pageStart=7817, pageEnd=7826, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Ferguson FM, Liu Y, Harshbarger W, journalName=J Med Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Ferguson FM , Liu Y , Harshbarger W et al . Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of DCLK1 kinase inhibitors based on a 5, 11-dihydro-6H-benzo[e]pyrimido[5, 4-b][1, 4]diazepin-6-one scaffold[J]. J Med Chem, 2020, 63: 7817-7826., articleTitle=Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of DCLK1 kinase inhibitors based on a 5, 11-dihydro-6H-benzo[e]pyrimido[5, 4-b][1, 4]diazepin-6-one scaffold, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516755240325216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1038/s42003-021-02631-y, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=4, issue=null, pageStart=1105, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Patel O, Roy MJ, Kropp A, journalName=Commun Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Patel O , Roy MJ , Kropp A et al . Structural basis for small molecule targeting of doublecortin like kinase 1 with DCLK1-IN-1[J]. Commun Biol, 2021, 4: 1105., articleTitle=Structural basis for small molecule targeting of doublecortin like kinase 1 with DCLK1-IN-1, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516755340988524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1038/s41589-020-0506-0, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=16, issue=null, pageStart=635, pageEnd=643, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Ferguson FM, Nabet B, Raghavan S, journalName=Nat Chem Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Ferguson FM , Nabet B , Raghavan S et al . Discovery of a selective inhibitor of doublecortin like kinase 1[J]. Nat Chem Biol, 2020, 16: 635-643., articleTitle=Discovery of a selective inhibitor of doublecortin like kinase 1, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516755429068922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.07.011, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=27, issue=null, pageStart=1229, pageEnd=1240, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Liu Y, Ferguson FM, Li L, journalName=Cell Chem Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Liu Y , Ferguson FM , Li L et al . Chemical biology toolkit for DCLK1 reveals connection to RNA processing[J]. Cell Chem Biol, 2020, 27: 1229-1240., articleTitle=Chemical biology toolkit for DCLK1 reveals connection to RNA processing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516755529732232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1002/pmic.202000098, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=21, issue=null, pageStart=e2000098, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, journalName=Proteomics, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Carli ALE , Afshar-Sterle S , Rai A et al . Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells[J]. Proteomics, 2021, 21: e2000098., articleTitle=Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516755642978448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.3390/cancers13225729, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=5729, pageEnd=5747, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Ding L, Yang Y, Ge Y, journalName=Cancers (Basel), refType=null, unstructuredReference= Ding L , Yang Y , Ge Y et al . Inhibition of DCLK1 with DCLK1-IN-1 suppresses renal cell carcinoma invasion and stemness and promotes cytotoxic T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity[J]. Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13: 5729-5747., articleTitle=Inhibition of DCLK1 with DCLK1-IN-1 suppresses renal cell carcinoma invasion and stemness and promotes cytotoxic T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516755760418973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.3748/wjg.v23.i31.5764, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=23, issue=null, pageStart=5764, pageEnd=5772, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Nishio K, Kimura K, Amano R, journalName=World J Gastroenterol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Nishio K , Kimura K , Amano R et al . Doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1 as an independent prognostic factor in patients with resected pancreatic carcinoma[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2017, 23: 5764-5772., articleTitle=Doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1 as an independent prognostic factor in patients with resected pancreatic carcinoma, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516755957551274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1042/BJ20131152, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=457, issue=null, pageStart=215, pageEnd=225, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Banerjee S, Buhrlage SJ, Huang HT, journalName=Biochem J, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Banerjee S , Buhrlage SJ , Huang HT et al . Characterization of WZ4003 and HTH-01-015 as selective inhibitors of the LKB1-tumour-suppressor-activated NUAK kinases[J]. Biochem J, 2014, 457: 215-225., articleTitle=Characterization of WZ4003 and HTH-01-015 as selective inhibitors of the LKB1-tumour-suppressor-activated NUAK kinases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516756049825976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1074/jbc.M206025200, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=278, issue=null, pageStart=48, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Suzuki A, Kusakai G, Kishimoto A, journalName=J Biol Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Suzuki A , Kusakai G , Kishimoto A et al . Identification of a novel protein kinase mediating Akt survival signaling to the ATM protein[J]. J Biol Chem, 2003, 278: 48-53., articleTitle=Identification of a novel protein kinase mediating Akt survival signaling to the ATM protein, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516756154683586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.3389/fphar.2021.603453, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=12, issue=null, pageStart=603453, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Yang WQ, Zhao WJ, Zhu LL, journalName=Front Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Yang WQ , Zhao WJ , Zhu LL et al . XMD-17-51 inhibits DCLK1 kinase and prevents lung cancer progression[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12: 603453., articleTitle=XMD-17-51 inhibits DCLK1 kinase and prevents lung cancer progression, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516756326650060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1038/s41589-020-0596-8, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=16, issue=null, pageStart=817, pageEnd=825, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Pisa R, Kapoor TM, journalName=Nat Chem Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Pisa R , Kapoor TM . Chemical strategies to overcome resistance against targeted anticancer therapeutics[J]. Nat Chem Biol, 2020, 16: 817-825., articleTitle=Chemical strategies to overcome resistance against targeted anticancer therapeutics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516756465062112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=10.1038/nature17963, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=534, issue=null, pageStart=272, pageEnd=276, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Rodrik-Outmezguine VS, Okaniwa M, Yao Z, journalName=Nature, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Rodrik-Outmezguine VS , Okaniwa M , Yao Z et al . Overcoming mTOR resistance mutations with a new-generation mTOR inhibitor[J]. Nature, 2016, 534: 272-276., articleTitle=Overcoming mTOR resistance mutations with a new-generation mTOR inhibitor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210516756582502632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=351, issue=null, pageStart=aad3292, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Baym M, Stone LK, Kishony R, journalName=Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Baym M , Stone LK , Kishony R . Multidrug evolutionary strategies to reverse antibiotic resistance[J]. Science, 2016, 351: aad3292., articleTitle=Multidrug evolutionary strategies to reverse antibiotic resistance, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1210516751247348494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, awardId=22077138, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(22077138), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1210516751373177627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, awardId=81725020, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(81725020), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1210516751478035238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, awardId=22QA1411300, language=CN, fundingSource=上海市青年科技启明星计划(22QA1411300), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210516746209989059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746214183364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210516746222571975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, companyId=1210516746209989059, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1210516748613325418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Vx7XkjMD2MYs+Bu/jVW7kg==, figureFileBig=6tXo5mvRNhE5DndBCLgm3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516748709794417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= Protein crystal structure of doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) and its structural composition<sup>[<a href="javascript:;" class="mag_content_a" onclick="piaofuRef(this,'b1')" rid="b1">1</a>]</sup> , figureFileSmall=Vx7XkjMD2MYs+Bu/jVW7kg==, figureFileBig=6tXo5mvRNhE5DndBCLgm3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516750039388815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=96BEA7U5cmHpODQjtf2h1Q==, figureFileBig=bFdZ0W+yMIEBLLwgcyPGzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516750106497687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Structural formula of NVP-TAE684 and its binding mode. (a) Structural formula of NVP-TAE684; (b) Schematic diagram of the structure of DCLK1 crystallized NVP-TAE684<sup>[<a href="javascript:;" class="mag_content_a" onclick="piaofuRef(this,'b1')" rid="b1">1</a>]</sup> , figureFileSmall=96BEA7U5cmHpODQjtf2h1Q==, figureFileBig=bFdZ0W+yMIEBLLwgcyPGzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516750219743905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=bGA+2rhRpX5tIuPRgWsS6A==, figureFileBig=zovY6Cl0aCt5eG9/GMQUEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516750395904686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= The structural formula of LRRK2-IN-1 and its structural parent nucleus. (a) Structural formula of LRRK2-IN-1; (b) 2-Amino-5, 11-dimethyl-5<i>H</i>-benzo[<i>e</i>]pyrimido[5, 4-<i>b</i>]diaza-6-one series of compounds , figureFileSmall=bGA+2rhRpX5tIuPRgWsS6A==, figureFileBig=zovY6Cl0aCt5eG9/GMQUEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516750509150907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=6zd6DU5A+2048G2gshn9uw==, figureFileBig=M2O2oL1lLE/tmghp+Stm6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516750634980040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Big mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (BMK1) inhibitor optimized with BI-2536 as lead compound<sup>[<a href="javascript:;" class="mag_content_a" onclick="piaofuRef(this,'b18')" rid="b18">18</a>]</sup>. (a) BI-2536; (b) DCLK1 inhibitor common backbone nucleus; (c) XMD8-85; (d) XMD8-92 , figureFileSmall=6zd6DU5A+2048G2gshn9uw==, figureFileBig=M2O2oL1lLE/tmghp+Stm6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516750748226254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=/9Mjy/OUq01meRZI7b6LIw==, figureFileBig=DMhmtRcADV5elh632Y/C0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516750886638304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Structural formula of DCLK1-IN-1<sup>[<a href="javascript:;" class="mag_content_a" onclick="piaofuRef(this,'b18')" rid="b18">18</a>]</sup> , figureFileSmall=/9Mjy/OUq01meRZI7b6LIw==, figureFileBig=DMhmtRcADV5elh632Y/C0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516750966330095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=xmPmGMrczqVhz2V7Ws8YZA==, figureFileBig=DJNxxCMVXhE63mHxVjT7+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210516751079576317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210516742690967951, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= Structural formula of NUAK1 selective inhibitor HTH-01-015 and its derivatives. (a) HTH-01-015; (b) XMD-17-51; (c) XMD-18-42 , figureFileSmall=xmPmGMrczqVhz2V7Ws8YZA==, figureFileBig=DJNxxCMVXhE63mHxVjT7+g==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1189982048455397383, delFlag=0, nameCn=药学学报, nameEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0513-4870, eissn=null, cn=11-2163/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1761643429151, updatedTime=1761735768113, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, picEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369346338783397, language=CN, name=药学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768160, updatedTime=1761735768160, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369346376532134, language=EN, name=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768169, updatedTime=1761735768169, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189982191388893191, websiteList=[Website(id=1189982271588340489, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761643482348, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643498101, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=药学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982873114448678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643625763, updateTime=1761643625763, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873093477155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643625758, updateTime=1761643625758, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873135420201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625768, updateTime=1761643625768, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873085088546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643625756, updateTime=1761643625756, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873152197419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625772, updateTime=1761643625772, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873110254373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761643625762, updateTime=1761643625762, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873143808810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625770, updateTime=1761643625770, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873101865764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761643625760, updateTime=1761643625760, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873122837287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643625765, updateTime=1761643625765, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873127031592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643625766, updateTime=1761643625766, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189982271655449355, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761643482364, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643514085, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982903015633534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643632892, updateTime=1761643632892, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902990467707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643632886, updateTime=1761643632886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903036605057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632897, updateTime=1761643632897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902982079098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643632884, updateTime=1761643632884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903053382275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632901, updateTime=1761643632901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903007244925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761643632890, updateTime=1761643632890, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903044993666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632899, updateTime=1761643632899, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902998856316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761643632888, updateTime=1761643632888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903019827839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643632893, updateTime=1761643632893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903028216448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643632895, updateTime=1761643632895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=药学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPhotoEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
双肾上腺皮质激素样激酶1小分子抑制剂的研究进展
收藏切换
PDF下载
陈玉平 # , 李柯良 # , 盛春泉 * , 武善超 *
药学学报 | 专题报道Ⅰ:药物发现的新靶标、新策略与抗病毒药物研究 2022,57(10): 2914-2920
收起
收藏切换
药学学报 | 专题报道Ⅰ:药物发现的新靶标、新策略与抗病毒药物研究 2022, 57(10): 2914-2920
双肾上腺皮质激素样激酶1小分子抑制剂的研究进展
全屏
陈玉平#, 李柯良#, 盛春泉* , 武善超*
作者信息
  • 中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433

通讯作者:

*盛春泉, Tel: 86-21-81871201, E-mail: ;
武善超, Tel: 86-21-81871242, E-mail:
Research progress of small molecule inhibitors of doublecortin-like kinase 1
Yu-ping CHEN, Ke-liang LI, Chun-quan SHENG* , Shan-chao WU*
Affiliations
  • The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
出版时间: 2022-10-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649
文章导航
收藏切换

双肾上腺皮质激素样激酶1 (DCLK1) 的过表达与多种恶性肿瘤的发生发展密切相关, 抑制DCLK1活性, 可以有效发挥抗肿瘤作用, 已经成为抗肿瘤药物研发的热门领域。目前已有多个DCLK1小分子抑制剂表现出优秀的体内外抗肿瘤活性, 有望为肿瘤治疗提供全新策略。基于此, 本文综述了DCLK1小分子抑制剂的发现、结构类型、结构优化、生物活性及作用机制等方面的研究进展, 以期为开发基于DCLK1的新型抗肿瘤小分子抑制剂提供借鉴和参考。

蛋白激酶  /  双肾上腺皮质激素样激酶1  /  抗肿瘤活性  /  小分子抑制剂  /  先导化合物

The overexpression of doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is closely related to the occurrence and development of various malignant tumors. Discovery of novel anti-tumor agents targeting DCLK1 represents a hot spot in this field. So far, several DCLK1 small molecule inhibitors with excellent anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo have been designed and synthesized, which is expected to provide a new strategy for tumor therapy. This article reviews the research progress in the discovery, structure type, structural optimization, biological activity and mechanism of action of DCLK1 small molecule inhibitors, and provides research basis for the development of new anti-tumor small molecule inhibitors targeting DCLK1.

protein kinase  /  doublecortin-like kinase 1  /  anti-tumor activity  /  small molecule inhibitor  /  lead compound
陈玉平, 李柯良, 盛春泉, 武善超. 双肾上腺皮质激素样激酶1小分子抑制剂的研究进展. 药学学报, 2022 , 57 (10) : 2914 -2920 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649
Yu-ping CHEN, Ke-liang LI, Chun-quan SHENG, Shan-chao WU. Research progress of small molecule inhibitors of doublecortin-like kinase 1[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2022 , 57 (10) : 2914 -2920 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649
双肾上腺皮质激素样激酶1 (doublecortin-like kinase 1, DCLK1) (图 1) 是一种微管相关的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶, 它在结构上属于钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶家族(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases, CaMK), 主要表达在细胞浆中。DCLK1由729个氨基酸分子构成, 分为DCX结构域、PEST序列和激酶结构域3部分, 其N端区域具有两个微管结合结构域(分别为DCX1和DCX2), 用以驱动微管相关功能; C端区域包含1个丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶结构域, 与钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白1 (CaMK1) 激酶结构域高度相似[1]
研究发现, DCLK1在胃癌、结直肠癌和胰腺导管癌(pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PDAC) 等多种实体瘤中过表达, 在促进肿瘤发生、侵袭和转移中发挥着功能性作用, 已被确定为一种潜在的肿瘤干细胞标志物[2-4]。然而, DCLK1在不同肿瘤细胞中的促癌机制却不尽相同, 如: 在结直肠肿瘤中, DCLK1通过PI3K/Akt/Sp1轴诱导NF-κBp65亚基表达, 并通过PI3K/Akt/IκBα通路激活NF-κBp65, 驱动结直肠癌上皮-间质转化(epithelial mesenchymal transition, EMT)。研究还发现PIK3R1的下调阻断了表达DCLK1诱导的细胞中p-Akt、p-IκB和p-p65的水平。EMT中重要的转录因子和主要调节因子ZEB1和TWIST1直接受到NF-κB调节。ZEB1和TWIST1及其下游EMT标志物E-cadherin和vimentin的表达水平也受到在DCLK1诱导的EMT中由PIK3R1调节[5]。在胰腺癌中, DCLK1通过促进Hippo通路的下游效应蛋白yes相关蛋白(yes-associated protein, YAP) 的相应表达水平, 有助于促进胰腺肿瘤中PD-L1的表达并诱导PD-L1衍生的免疫逃逸[6], 这一结果表明DCLK1可能在肿瘤免疫微环境中发挥作用, 为确定DCLK1是否可作为癌症干细胞的特异性抗原等后续研究奠定重要基础, 这为胰腺癌的免疫治疗提供了重要的理论基础。在各种侵袭性癌症中, DCLK1还可作用于miR-145、miR-200和let-7a等调节因子, 使其相关表达上调。miR-145表达增加导致多能性维持因子OCT4、SOX2、NANOG、KLF4以及KRAS和RREB1减少; 增加miR-200表达则导致血管生成因子VEGFR1、VEGFR2和EMT相关转录因子ZEB1、ZEB2、SNAIL和SLUG减少; 而let-7a表达上调会导致多能性因子LIN28B降低, 从而使血管生成、干性和EMT被抑制, 影响到肿瘤的发生、进展和转移的各个环节[7-9]。因此, DCLK1是恶性实体肿瘤治疗的潜在药物靶点。
随着对DCLK1研究的深入, 能够抑制其功能的小分子化合物正逐步开发出来, 为探索DCLK1的药学功能研究打下了良好的物质基础, 同时也为开发出药代动力学性质优良、高效低毒的DCLK1小分子抑制剂提供了理论依据。目前已报道的典型DCLK1小分子抑制剂主要有5种, 包括: NVP-TAE684、LRRK2-IN-1、XMD8-92、DCLK1-IN-1和XMD-17-51[10], 本文重点介绍以上抑制剂的发现、结构类型、结构优化、生物活性及作用机制的研究进展。
NVP-TAE684 (图 2a) 最初是由瑞士诺华制药公司Markus Warmuth课题组[11]通过生物筛选手段设计、合成的间变性淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase, ALK) 抑制剂。对其进行生物活性评价时发现其对人间变性大细胞淋巴瘤细胞株Karpas-299和弥漫性组织淋巴瘤细胞株SU-DHL-1的ALK表现出良好的抑制活性(IC50为2~10 nmol·L-1), 是一个极具开发价值的ALK抑制剂。然而, 后期的实验结果显示, NVP-TAE684可能具有较大的毒性使其作为ALK抑制剂的作用止步于临床前研究。
尽管NVP-TAE684因其毒性未能进一步开发成药物, 但针对该化合物的结构改造优化工作从未停止, 对其母核2, 4-二氨基-5-氯嘧啶(图 2a, 蓝色框部分) 进行取代基替换, 得到的系列嘧啶类小分子类似物, 已经用以选择性ALK、DCLK1小分子抑制剂的研究[11]
后来, Isabelle S. Lucet课题组[1]为了寻找高效的DCLK1抑制剂, 使用热位移测定法(thermal shift assay, TSA) 对已有的激酶抑制剂库里的近400个化合物进行活性筛选, 发现NVP-TAE684对DCLK1具有优秀的抑制剂活性(IC50 = 1.084 µmol·L-1)。同时, 研究人员将化合物NVP-TAE684与DCLK1结构域复合结晶, 得到DCLK1-KD-NVP-TAE684晶体模型(图 2b)。其中, DCLK1用青色表示; NVP-TAE684以黄色表示; 氢键和范德华相互作用分别以黑色和红色虚线表示。嘧啶环(B环) 占据与AMP-PN的嘌呤环相似的位置。NVP-TAE684通过嘧啶的氨基氮和Val468的骨架之间的氢键产生一个铰链相互作用。这种铰链氢键相互作用, 在多数激酶结构中高度保守。C环和异丙基磺酰基直接镶嵌在甘氨酸环下方, Gly397和Val404与C环发生疏水相互作用。异丙基磺酰基的磺酰基氧通过与-NH-基团的分子内相互作用和与直接极性相互作用保持在原位Lys419, 而异丙基的取向使其与DFG基序中的Asp533相抗衡。此外, A环夹在甘氨酸环的Ile396和αC螺旋的Asp475之间, 产生范德华相互作用。通过该晶体结构, 人们首次深入了解了ATP结合位点内的DCLK1抑制剂作用模式, 并用于指导DCLK1抑制剂的设计和优化[1]
抗肿瘤化学治疗方案失败的重要原因是多药耐药性(multidrug resistance, MDR), 而要克服细胞中ATP结合盒(ATP binding cassette, ABC) 转运蛋白过表达介导的MDR依旧是个巨大的挑战。中山大学附属第七医院的研究人员[12]通过药物积累和外排实验发现化合物NVP-TAE684抑制了ABC G2转运蛋白的外排功能从而降低MDR细胞对化疗药物的耐药性, 这也为克服MDR提供了一种极具开发前景的新型先导化合物。
化合物LRRK2-IN-1 (图 3a) 是哈佛医学院Nathanael S. Gray课题组[13]在研究富含亮氨酸重复片段激酶2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2, LRRK2) 选择性抑制剂时设计合成的化合物。研究人员通过高通量激酶分析法, 快速鉴定出能够选择性抑制LRRK2和其他激酶的高亲和力化合物, 最终发现了2-氨基-5, 11-二甲基-5H-苯并[e]嘧啶并[5, 4-b]二氮杂-6-酮系列化合物(图 3b) 与野生型LRRK2和突变型LRRK2 G2019S具有较强的亲和力, 是理想的潜在LRRK2抑制剂。研究人员通过迭代优化法设计合成了50余种新型化合物, 并逐一对其进行了活性评价, 测试结果表明LRRK2-IN-1可以有效抑制LRRK2的激酶活性(IC50 = 13 nmol·L-1)。在此基础上, 为进一步探索LRRK2-IN-1的选择性, 研究人员又使用KiNativTM技术对人外周血单核细胞(human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, hPBMC, 含有180多种激酶)和小鼠大脑组织(含有195种激酶) 中的激酶进行一一分析, 初步证实了LRRK2-IN-1对LRRK2、DCLK1和MAPK7等具有选择性抑制作用。因LRRK2-IN-1对LRRK2表现出很强的亲和力和优良的体外抑制活性, LRRK2-IN-1也成为了治疗LRRK2介导的帕金森病(Parkinson's disease, PD) 的新药先导化合物[14]
此外, 有研究人员[15, 16]采用体外ATP位点竞争结合方法筛选了一个包含300多种化合物的化合物库, 发现化合物LRRK2-IN-1能够通过竞争ATP结合区域而抑制DCLK1, 因此提出LRRK2-IN-1是DCLK1的ATP竞争性抑制剂[17]
Courtney W. Houchen课题组[17]评估了LRRK2-IN-1的DCLK1的激酶抑制活性, 结果表明该化合物对DCLK1具有较强的亲和力(对DCLK1的亲和力Kd = 5 nmol·L-1, 对LRRK2的亲和力Kd = 20 nmol·L-1), 表现出明显的抗肿瘤活性(对人转移胰腺腺癌细胞系) 的IC50 = 1.69 µmol·L-1, 对人结肠癌细胞系HCT116的IC50 = 1.73 μmol·L-1, 除此之外, LRRK2-IN-1还能够抑制肿瘤细胞的迁移和侵袭, 诱导细胞凋亡, 阻滞细胞周期于G1期和G2期/M期, 抑制DCLK1的mRNA和蛋白表达等。此外, 研究人员还发现LRRK2-IN-1能够在分子水平上调节干性和EMT, 并抑制DCLK1活性和下游DCLK1效应子c-MYC, 还发现DCLK1能够促进HCT116细胞系对LRRK2-IN-1产生耐药作用。该研究结果也提示, 以LRRK2-IN-1作为先导化合物进行结构优化, 有望开发出抗肿瘤干细胞药物。
Nathanael S. Gray课题组[18]以化合物BI-2536 (图 4a) 为基础, 以2-氨基吡啶并[2, 3-d]嘧啶(图 4b) 为母核模板进行结构优化探索了该类化合物抑制大丝裂原活化蛋白激酶1 (big mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, BMK1) 的构效关系, 并以此设计、合成了新型BMK1抑制剂XMD8-85 (图 4c), 通过用不同的R2取代XMD8-85的2-甲氧基-4-取代基苯胺(图 4c, 蓝色框部分) 来探索该支架的R2位。在2-甲氧基苯胺的4位分别引入4-羟基-哌啶-1-基、哌嗪-1-基和4-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基) 哌啶-1-基产生化合物XMD8-86、XMD8-88和XMD8-85。这些修饰都产生了具有相似活性的化合物。含有吗啉取代基和1-甲基哌啶-4-基取代基的化合物XMD8-87和XMD8-90的活性分别略有下降。用甲基(XMD8-91) 取代2-甲氧基(XMD8-85) 会导致活性降低, 而2-乙氧基取代的化合物XMD8-92则保持相似的活性。这些结果表明, 2-烷氧基对这一系列类似物的整体效力有显著作用。当用4-磺胺苯胺代替2-甲氧基-4-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)-苯胺时, 所得化合物(XMD8-93) 的活性较差。在4位用各种酰胺取代合成了化合物XMD8-94、XMD8-95和XMD8-96, 其中XMD8-95在这组化合物中表现出最佳活性。对这12个新型化合物进行多轮生物学评估后, 发现了XMD8-85 (IC50 = 0.19 ± 0.04 µmol·L-1)、XMD8-92 (IC50 = 0.24 ± 0.04 µmol·L-1) (图 4d) 和XMD8-95 (IC50 = 0.13 ± 0.03 µmol·L-1) 3个化合物可作为高选择性BMK1抑制剂, 具有深入研究价值。同时, 研究还发现XMD8-92可以抑制DCLK1活性, 并且在体内具有较好的耐受性[19], 此外, DCLK1也是为数不多能够被XMD8-92移位超过90%的激酶[18, 19]
Courtney W. Houchen课题组[20]通过体外实验证明, 经XMD8-92处理后, AsPC-1细胞后会引起DCLK1、c-MYC、KRAS和NOTCH1的mRNA表达下调。同时使用异种移植肿瘤NOD/SCID小鼠模型进行体内实验, 发现XMD8-92可以有效抑制人胰腺癌异种移瘤的生长。作用机制研究发现, 给药后, 小鼠模型体内DCLK1蛋白表达以及肿瘤生长相关miRNA (miR-143/145、miR-200ac、let-7a和miR-144) 表达均下调。研究人员还发现, 经过XMD8-92处理后能够抑制肿瘤细胞多能性、血管生成、EMT、c-MYC和NOTCH1的生成。以上研究结果表明, XMD8-92通过抑制PDAC中的DCLK1及其下游分子而表现出抗肿瘤活性。
由此可见, 新型DCLK1小分子抑制剂XMD8-92可以作为抗肿瘤先导化合物用于治疗PDAC, 具有很好的开发前景。
Nathanael S. Gray课题组[21]基于已报道的DCLK1多靶点抑制剂XMD8-85、XMD8-92和LRRK2-IN-1的共同骨架母核(图 4b), 构建了一个含350个结构类似的化合物库。对该库进行筛选后, 以XMD8-85 (图 4c) 与DCLK1的对接模式为指导, 对XMD8-92 (图 4d) 邻乙氧基取代基的体积进行减少或增加, 发现随着邻位取代基大小的减小, 效力提高; 完全去除邻位取代基则会导致活性损失, 因此邻甲氧基提供了活性和选择性的最佳平衡。增加R3取代基的数量提高了化合物对LRRK2的选择性, 但对ERK5没有提高, 通过改变R3未实现DCLK1效力或选择性的显著改善。对R4进行取代, 8位取代大大降低了DCLK1、ERK5和LRRK2的效力, 这可能是由于对氨基嘧啶的铰链结合相互作用的空间干扰。然而, 这种修饰也不能被DCLK1和带有8-甲基的化合物很好地耐受或8-氯的化合物提升显著活性。最后, DCLK1、ERK5或LRRK2也不能很好地耐受9位的替换。因此将R3保留为甲基, 将R4保留为氢, 通过改变R5取代基降低对其他激酶的活性, 提高对DCLK1的选择性, 改变R5基团的极性以降低其乙酰赖氨酸样特性, 从疏水性乙基到负电性[1, 1, 1]-三氟乙基基团导致的DCLK1活性适度降低, 但对其活性有所提高。通过上述对骨架中的多个基团进行结构改造, 获得了第一个具有高选择性的DCLK1抑制剂DCLK1-IN-1 (对DCLK1的IC50 = 57.2 nmol·L-1, 对DCLK2的IC50 = 103 nmol·L-1, 对LRRK2和ERK5等激酶的IC50 > 3 µmol·L-1) (图 5)。
研究人员对DCLK1-IN-1的药代动力学性质和细胞毒性进行了初步的评价[22]。结果表明, 该化合物具有良好的药代动力学性质, 口服生物利用度(F) 为81%, 半衰期(t1/2) 为2.09 h; 当DCLK1-IN-1以10 µmol·L-1的浓度添加到水中时, 并未对斑马鱼的中枢神经系统或其他器官系统的发育产生明显影响; 以相同浓度给药, DCLK1-IN-1对大鼠海马神经元的活力无影响; 对小鼠进行最大耐受剂量评估, 在100 mg·kg-1的剂量下小鼠具有良好的耐受性。安全性实验表明, DCLK1-IN-1对上述3种动物模型的毒性均较低。为了研究PDAC细胞中DCLK1的调控机制, 研究人员[23]选用了PATU-8988T和PATU-8902两种细胞株, 借助DCLK1-IN-1通过KRAS靶向降解标签系统(degradation tag) 中的dTAG-13分子证实DCLK1的表达是受KRAS/ERK信号通路调控了DCLK1的表达。
Kenneth D. Westover和Michael Buchert课题组[24, 25]则验证了DCLK1-IN-1具有抑制DCLK1表达, 以及抑制胰腺癌、结直肠癌和胃癌细胞的黏附和迁移等功能特性。DCLK1-IN-1的发现, 为深入研究DCLK1的作用机制奠定了基础。
Nathaniel Weygant课题组[26]发现化合物DCLK1-IN-1可以显著抑制DCLK1磷酸化并下调多能性因子和肿瘤干细胞或EMT的相关标志物[c-Wet、c-MYC及肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma, RCC) 细胞系中的N-钙黏蛋白等]。细胞实验表明, 经DCLK1-IN-1处理, RCC细胞集落的形成、迁移和侵袭能力显著降低, 同时RCC细胞的免疫检查点配体(immune checkpoint ligand, ICL) PD-L1的表达水平下降。上述成果证明了DCLK1-IN-1在RCC中对抑制DCLK1具有广泛的敏感性, 也是其作为肿瘤免疫治疗药物的重要依据。结合其他已报道的DCLK1抑制剂的分子机制, 研究人员发现化合物DCLK1-IN-1发挥抗肿瘤作用可能是通过降低DCLK1表达并非直接抑制DCLK1结构域。因此, 直接靶向DCLK1结构域的抑制剂的治疗效果仍有待深入研究[2, 27]
Nathanael S. Gray课题组[28]设计合成选择性NUAK1 (NUAK family SNF1-like kinase-1, ARK5, 人腺苷单磷酸激活蛋白激酶AMPK家族成员之一)[29]抑制剂HTH-01-015 (图 6a), 为进一步提升抑制剂对NUAK1的选择性, 对HTH-01-015进行结构优化得到了衍生物XMD-17-51 (图 6b) 和XMD-18-42 (图 6c), 但因两者的NUAK1选择性均低于HTH-01-015而未开展深入研究。
台州大学Yang等[30]为了找到针对DCLK1的候选药物, 通过胞外酶测定法(cell-free enzymatic assay), 发现化合物XMD-17-51对DCLK1活性具有优秀的抑制作用(IC50 = 14.64 nmol·L-1)。研究人员发现, XMD-17-51在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung carcinoma, NSCLC) 细胞中能够降低DCLK1蛋白水平, 抑制NSCLC细胞增殖、干性和EMT。由于化合物XMD-17-51是多种蛋白激酶的抑制剂, 为验证其是否通过直接作用于DCLK1而发挥了抗肿瘤活性, 研究人员在DCLK1敲低或过表达的细胞中进一步测试其抗肿瘤活性, 结果发现, DCLK1过表达降低了XMD-17-51在NSCLC A549细胞系中的抗细胞增殖活性, 表明XMD-17-51通过抑制DCLK1而对NSCLC细胞表现出显著的抑制作用。
DCLK1表达失调诱发肿瘤的作用机制研究尚处于起步阶段。尽管已有证据表明DCLK1的功能失调及其微管支架作用能够促进某些肿瘤的发生和发展, 但在过去40年间并没有出现通过靶向抑制DCLK1而显著提升肿瘤患者生存率的药物。因此, 迫切需要深入研究DCLK1在治疗过程中发挥的生物功能并发现具有针对性的治疗策略[20]
研究人员通过解析DCLK1结构域的结构和功能, 以期指导功能性研究, 并将其应用于未来药物设计[1]。尽管有报道称蛋白激酶抑制剂LRRK2-IN-1、XMD8-92和DCLK1-IN-1等能够抑制DCLK1活性, 然而, 这一系列研究的本质仅仅是探索性的, 这些化合物仅处于临床前研究阶段, 尚无药物获批上市[23]。因此, 仍需对这些化合物进行更加深入的机制研究, 以确定它们是否适合作为候选新药。
笔者认为, 对于DCLK1抑制剂的研究, 应注重围绕化合物选择性、抗肿瘤活性和成药性方面开展, 进而筛选出具有成药前景的抗肿瘤候选药物。从现代药物化学近百年的发展历程看, 每一种新药开发上市的背后, 都有一条漫长而艰难的路程要走。因此, 对于药物化学工作者来说, 深入了解DCLK1的生物功能, 并以此为基础开发高选择性、高活性的小分子激酶抑制剂, 既有巨大挑战, 同时也存在无限机遇。例如, 目前除了DCLK1小分子抑制剂外, 尚未有其他结合模式的抑制剂报道, 可以预见, 随着DCLK1的结构、功能和作用机制深入的研究, 将会有多种新型DCLK1小分子抑制剂[31-33], 如共价小分子抑制剂(分为可逆共价小分子抑制剂和不可逆共价小分子抑制剂)、变构结合位点的小分子抑制剂、变构与正构多结合位点的小分子抑制剂、多靶点小分子抑制剂等得以发现。
作者贡献: 所有作者都参与了文献调研、手稿设计与撰写。陈玉平、李柯良开展文献调研和手稿撰写; 盛春泉、武善超获取经费资助并指导整个研究。所有作者都认可手稿的最终版本。
利益冲突: 本文的发表不存在任何利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(22077138)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81725020)
  • 上海市青年科技启明星计划(22QA1411300)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Patel O , Dai W , Mentzel M et al . Biochemical and structural insights into doublecortin-like kinase domain 1[J]. Structure, 2016, 24: 1550-1561.
[2]
Nakanishi Y , Seno H , Fukuoka A et al . Dclk1 distinguishes between tumor and normal stem cells in the intestine[J]. Nat Genet, 2013, 45: 98-103.
[3]
Bailey JM , Alsina J , Rasheed ZA et al . DCLK1 marks a morphologically distinct subpopulation of cells with stem cell properties in preinvasive pancreatic cancer[J]. Gastroenterology, 2014, 146: 245-256.
[4]
Qu D , Weygant N , Yao J et al . Overexpression of DCLK1-AL increases tumor cell invasion, drug resistance, and KRAS activation and can be targeted to inhibit tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer[J]. J Oncol, 2019, 2019: 6402925.
[5]
Liu W , Wang S , Sun Q et al . DCLK1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in colorectal cancer[J]. Int J Cancer, 2018, 142: 2068-2079.
[6]
Yan R , Li J , Zhou Y et al . Inhibition of DCLK1 down-regulates PD-L1 expression through hippo pathway in human pancreatic cancer[J]. Life Sci, 2020, 241: 117150.
[7]
Sureban SM , May R , Qu D et al . DCLK1 regulates pluripotency and angiogenic factors via microRNA-dependent mechanisms in pancreatic cancer[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8: e73940.
[8]
Sureban SM , May R , Mondalek FG et al . Nanoparticle-based delivery of siDCAMKL-1 increases microRNA-144 and inhibits colorectal cancer tumor growth via a Notch-1 dependent mechanism[J]. J Nanobiotechnology, 2011, 9: 40.
[9]
Ali N , Allam H , May R et al . Hepatitis C virus-induced cancer stem cell-like signatures in cell culture and murine tumor xenografts[J]. J Virol, 2011, 85: 12292-12303.
[10]
Jang DM , Lim HJ , Hahn H et al . Structural basis of inhibition of DCLK1 by ruxolitinib[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22: 84-88.
[11]
Galkin AV , Melnick JS , Kim S et al . Identification of NVP-TAE684, a potent, selective, and efficacious inhibitor of NPM-ALK[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2007, 104: 270-275.
[12]
Makar AB , McMartin KE , Palese M et al . Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning[J]. Biochem Med, 1975, 13: 117-126.
[13]
Deng X , Dzamko N , Prescott A et al . Characterization of a selective inhibitor of the Parkinson's disease kinase LRRK2[J]. Nat Chem Biol, 2011, 7: 203-205.
[14]
Gilsbach BK , Messias AC , Ito G et al . Structural characterization of LRRK2 inhibitors[J]. J Med Chem, 2015, 58: 3751-3756.
[15]
Fabian MA , Biggs WH 3rd , Treiber DK et al . A small molecule-kinase interaction map for clinical linase inhibitors[J]. Nat Biotechnol, 2005, 23: 329-336.
[16]
Karaman MW , Herrgard S , Treiber DK et al . A quantitative analysis of kinase inhibitor selectivity[J]. Nat Biotechnol, 2008, 26: 127-132.
[17]
Weygant N , Qu D , Berry WL et al . Small molecule kinase inhibitor LRRK2-IN-1 demonstrates potent activity against colorectal and pancreatic cancer through inhibition of doublecortin-like kinase 1[J]. Mol Cancer, 2014, 13: 103.
[18]
Deng X , Yang Q , Kwiatkowski N et al . Discovery of a benzo[e]pyrimido-[5, 4-b][1, 4]diazepin-6(11H)-one as a potent and selective inhibitor of big MAP kinase 1[J]. ACS Med Chem Lett, 2011, 2: 195-200.
[19]
Yang Q , Deng X , Lu B et al . Pharmacological inhibition of BMK1 suppresses tumor growth through promyelocytic leukemia protein[J]. Cancer Cell, 2010, 18: 258-267.
[20]
Sureban SM , May R , Weygant N et al . XMD8-92 inhibits pancreatic tumor xenograft growth via a DCLK1-dependent mechanism[J]. Cancer Lett, 2014, 351: 151-161.
[21]
Ferguson FM , Liu Y , Harshbarger W et al . Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of DCLK1 kinase inhibitors based on a 5, 11-dihydro-6H-benzo[e]pyrimido[5, 4-b][1, 4]diazepin-6-one scaffold[J]. J Med Chem, 2020, 63: 7817-7826.
[22]
Patel O , Roy MJ , Kropp A et al . Structural basis for small molecule targeting of doublecortin like kinase 1 with DCLK1-IN-1[J]. Commun Biol, 2021, 4: 1105.
[23]
Ferguson FM , Nabet B , Raghavan S et al . Discovery of a selective inhibitor of doublecortin like kinase 1[J]. Nat Chem Biol, 2020, 16: 635-643.
[24]
Liu Y , Ferguson FM , Li L et al . Chemical biology toolkit for DCLK1 reveals connection to RNA processing[J]. Cell Chem Biol, 2020, 27: 1229-1240.
[25]
Carli ALE , Afshar-Sterle S , Rai A et al . Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells[J]. Proteomics, 2021, 21: e2000098.
[26]
Ding L , Yang Y , Ge Y et al . Inhibition of DCLK1 with DCLK1-IN-1 suppresses renal cell carcinoma invasion and stemness and promotes cytotoxic T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity[J]. Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13: 5729-5747.
[27]
Nishio K , Kimura K , Amano R et al . Doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1 as an independent prognostic factor in patients with resected pancreatic carcinoma[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2017, 23: 5764-5772.
[28]
Banerjee S , Buhrlage SJ , Huang HT et al . Characterization of WZ4003 and HTH-01-015 as selective inhibitors of the LKB1-tumour-suppressor-activated NUAK kinases[J]. Biochem J, 2014, 457: 215-225.
[29]
Suzuki A , Kusakai G , Kishimoto A et al . Identification of a novel protein kinase mediating Akt survival signaling to the ATM protein[J]. J Biol Chem, 2003, 278: 48-53.
[30]
Yang WQ , Zhao WJ , Zhu LL et al . XMD-17-51 inhibits DCLK1 kinase and prevents lung cancer progression[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12: 603453.
[31]
Pisa R , Kapoor TM . Chemical strategies to overcome resistance against targeted anticancer therapeutics[J]. Nat Chem Biol, 2020, 16: 817-825.
[32]
Rodrik-Outmezguine VS , Okaniwa M , Yao Z et al . Overcoming mTOR resistance mutations with a new-generation mTOR inhibitor[J]. Nature, 2016, 534: 272-276.
[33]
Baym M , Stone LK , Kishony R . Multidrug evolutionary strategies to reverse antibiotic resistance[J]. Science, 2016, 351: aad3292.
2022年第57卷第10期
PDF下载
135
55
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649
  • 接收时间:2022-05-26
  • 首发时间:2025-12-24
  • 出版时间:2022-10-12
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-26
  • 修回日期:2022-06-24
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(22077138)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81725020)
上海市青年科技启明星计划(22QA1411300)
作者信息
    中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 上海 200433

通讯作者:

*盛春泉, Tel: 86-21-81871201, E-mail: ;
武善超, Tel: 86-21-81871242, E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0649
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏