Article(id=1209792467919041504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1209792462298674131, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1141, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1628006400000, receivedDateStr=2021-08-04, revisedDate=1634745600000, revisedDateStr=2021-10-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766366601208, onlineDateStr=2025-12-22, pubDate=1647014400000, pubDateStr=2022-03-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766366601208, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766366601208, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766366601208, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1209792462298674131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2022', volume='57', issue='3', pageStart='547', pageEnd='844', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766366599868, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766370620295, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1209809325250450301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1209792462298674131, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1209809325250450302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1209792462298674131, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=707, endPage=715, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1209792471706498027, articleId=1209792467919041504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Anti-tumor activity and mechanisms of IDO1 inhibitor in combined treatment with temozolomide on human glioma cell lines, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
We analyzed the anticancer effect and mechanism of the novel indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor NLG-919 combined with temozolomide (TMZ) on human glioma cell lines. The anti-tumor activity of NLG-919 and temozolomide after single and combined treatments was detected by MTT assay. Colony formation assay, invasion assay and migration assays were used to detect the effects of NLG-919 and temozolomide alone or in combination on proliferation, invasion and migration of human glioma cells. A flow cytometry assay was used to detect cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential damage (JC-1). An immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the expression level of IDO1 and HPLC was used to detect the expression level of L-kynurenine (Kyn) to explore the anti-tumor mechanism of NLG-919 and temozolomide. The results show that NLG-919 had a weak in vitro inhibitory effect compared to that of temozolomide. The IC50 of NLG-919 on U251 cells and U87 after 72 h was 26.9 and 30.7 μmol·L-1, respectively. However, when NLG-919 was used in combination with temozolomide, its anti-glioma activity was significantly increased. Compared with the single treatment, the combination treatment had a potent ability to inhibit proliferation, invasion and migration of glioma cells. Combination treatment improved the capacity of temozolomide to induce cell cycle arrest and inhibit the growth of glioma cells. NLG-919 significantly down-regulated the expression and activity of IDO1 in glioma cells, and the inhibitory effect was improved after combination with temozolomide, and effectively blocked the production of Kyn through the metabolism of L-tryptophan (Trp). In conclusion, the IDO1 inhibitor NLG-919 and temozolomide showed synergistic effects in the anticancer therapy of human glioma cell lines.
, correspAuthors=Fei-hong CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2022 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wen-yuan TIAN, Fei-hong CHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1209792480816525541, articleId=1209792467919041504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=IDO1抑制剂联合替莫唑胺对人脑胶质瘤的协同抗肿瘤作用研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
本研究主要研究新型吲哚胺2, 3-双加氧酶1 (IDO1) 抑制剂NLG-919联合化疗药物替莫唑胺对人脑胶质瘤的生长抑制作用及其作用机制。通过MTT法检测NLG-919和替莫唑胺单独使用及联合使用后的肿瘤生长作用; 通过集落形成实验、侵袭实验和迁移实验检测NLG-919和替莫唑胺单独使用及联合使用后对人脑胶质瘤细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力的影响; 采用流式细胞术进行细胞凋亡、周期、活性氧(ROS) 产生以及线粒体膜电位(JC-1) 检测实验, 比较单独用药和联合用药的抗肿瘤效果; 通过免疫荧光实验检测IDO1的表达水平和高效液相色谱仪检测犬尿氨酸表达水平探究NLG-919协同替莫唑胺的抗肿瘤作用机制。结果显示, 相比于替莫唑胺, NLG-919具有较弱的体外增殖抑制作用, 其作用于U251细胞和U87细胞72 h后的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 分别是26.9和30.7 μmol·L-1, 但当其与化疗药物替莫唑胺联合使用后可显著增加替莫唑胺的抗胶质瘤活性。与单独用药相比, 联合用药组具有更强的抑制胶质瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移的能力。联合用药提高了替莫唑胺诱导细胞凋亡的能力, 其作用机制可能与诱导ROS的增加以及线粒体膜电位的损伤有关, 同时, 联合用药提高了替莫唑胺诱导细胞周期阻滞的能力, 抑制胶质瘤的生长。此外, NLG-919可以显著下调人脑胶质瘤细胞的IDO1表达, 在与替莫唑胺联用后抑制效果有所增强, 并且有效地阻断色氨酸代谢产生犬尿氨酸。总之, IDO1抑制剂NLG-919和替莫唑胺在抗癌治疗方面表现出显著的协同作用, 为人脑胶质瘤的临床联合治疗候选药物提供了选择基础。
, correspAuthors=陈飞虹, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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Effects of different concentrations of temozolomide (TMZ, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μmol·L-1) and NLG-919 (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μmol·L-1) for 72 h on the inhibitory rate of proliferation of U87 and U251 cells. n = 3, x±s , figureFileSmall=7oZxArG2cFIuFbNv7Dofeg==, figureFileBig=nblXHDYpIzDKtrI9zh0Yrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809074649166179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=hbGrkNrdov58lb1QuvTedw==, figureFileBig=LjWUGJqDdErb1SPVESNVBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809074787578222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Effects of NLG-919 and TMZ on proliferation of human glioma U251 and U87 cells. Colony formations of U251 and U87 cells were analyzed in comparison with NLG-919, TMZ and the combinational treatment after incubation for 14 days (NLG-919 eq·dose 15 μmol·L-1, TMZ eq·dose 15 μmol·L-1). n = 3, x±s. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs control; #P < 0.05 vs TMZ-treated groups , figureFileSmall=hbGrkNrdov58lb1QuvTedw==, figureFileBig=LjWUGJqDdErb1SPVESNVBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809074942767479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=2qlUZhaTC5X2l2A0yRhBLg==, figureFileBig=tFTtLU6O6paOa/JqROr6JA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809075114733957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption=
Inhibition of migration and invasion of human glioma U251 and U87 cells by NLG-919 and TMZ. A: Migration abilities of U251 and U87 cells were analyzed in comparison with NLG-919, TMZ and the combinational treatment after incubation for 24 h (NLG-919 eq·dose 15 μmol·L-1, TMZ eq·dose 15 μmol·L-1); B: Invasion abilities of U251 and U87 cells were analyzed in comparison with NLG-919, TMZ and the combinational treatment after incubation for 24 h (NLG-919 eq·dose 15 μmol·L-1, TMZ eq·dose 15 μmol·L-1). n = 3, x±s. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs TMZ-treated groups , figureFileSmall=2qlUZhaTC5X2l2A0yRhBLg==, figureFileBig=tFTtLU6O6paOa/JqROr6JA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809075232174478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=KbssLRzT2oMq8L/6rgH8Sw==, figureFileBig=/B1XScup1Cc0OLZadqXurg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809075332837789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption=
Effects of NLG-919 and TMZ on apoptosis of human glioma U251 and U87 cells. U251 and U87 cells were analyzed in comparison with NLG-919, TMZ and the combinational treatment after incubation for 24 h (NLG-919 eq·dose 30 μmol·L-1, TMZ eq·dose 30 μmol·L-1). U251 and U87 cells were resuspended in a 500 μL 1 × buffer and stained with Annexin V-FITC and PI 5 μL each for 20 min. The cells were detected by flow cytometry. n= 3, x±s. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs control; #P < 0.05 vs TMZ-treated groups , figureFileSmall=KbssLRzT2oMq8L/6rgH8Sw==, figureFileBig=/B1XScup1Cc0OLZadqXurg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809075454472622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=tUfGGp7N7X/Tu6xe8UaaGw==, figureFileBig=s2F/Ku/3K0fWKDuSHm+nkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809075609661882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption=
Effects of NLG-919 and TMZ on cell cycle distribution in human glioma U251 and U87. U251 and U87 cells were analyzed in comparison with NLG-919, TMZ and the combinational treatment after incubation for 24 h (NLG-919 eq·dose 30 μmol·L-1, TMZ eq·dose 30 μmol·L-1). U251 and U87 cells were resuspend in a 500 μL mixed solution (RNaseA∶PI = 1∶9), and the cell cycle was detected by flow cytometer; data were analyzed using ModFit LT 3.3 software. n = 3, x±s. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs control; #P < 0.05 vs TMZ-treated groups , figureFileSmall=tUfGGp7N7X/Tu6xe8UaaGw==, figureFileBig=s2F/Ku/3K0fWKDuSHm+nkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809075802599890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=8sSBXhWIG7hCLNgGUs3aYw==, figureFileBig=z3Rpepv3x6hngEi8o1Laaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809075949400548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption=
Effects of NLG-919 and TMZ on ROS in human glioma U251 and U87 cells. U251 and U87 cells were analyzed in comparison with NLG-919, TMZ and the combinational treatment after incubation for 24 h (NLG-919 eq·dose 30 μmol·L-1, TMZ eq·dose 30 μmol·L-1). U251 and U87 cells were resuspended in buffer and stained with H2DCFDA (DCFH-DA). The level of ROS production was detected by flow cytometry. n = 3, x±s. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs control; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs TMZ-treated groups , figureFileSmall=8sSBXhWIG7hCLNgGUs3aYw==, figureFileBig=z3Rpepv3x6hngEi8o1Laaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809076075229677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=zyXGu8PeF/p3iD2t1abvoA==, figureFileBig=NTezu1eo7Ql5XdBaxw284Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809076222030335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption=
Effects of NLG-919 and TMZ on mitochondrial membrane potential in human glioma U251 and U87 cells. U251 and U87 cells were analyzed in comparison with NLG-919, TMZ and the combinational treatment after incubation for 24 h (NLG-919 eq·dose 30 μmol·L-1, TMZ eq·dose 30 μmol·L-1). U251 and U87 cells were resuspended in 1 × buffer and stained by adding JC-1 probe. The decrease degree of mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by flow cytometry. n = 3, x±s. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs control; ##P < 0.01 vs TMZ-treated groups , figureFileSmall=zyXGu8PeF/p3iD2t1abvoA==, figureFileBig=NTezu1eo7Ql5XdBaxw284Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809076591129107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=6Obn10V8amL0Omo+3l583g==, figureFileBig=89/wT/aoEzAQrui0CLCOfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809076737929762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption=
Representative results showing the IDO1 expression in human glioma cells after treatment with NLG-919 (30 μmol·L-1) and TMZ (30 μmol·L-1) for 24 h. The scale bar represents 50 μm. Immunofluorescence images were captured by magnification in a 40-fold confocal microscope , figureFileSmall=6Obn10V8amL0Omo+3l583g==, figureFileBig=89/wT/aoEzAQrui0CLCOfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809076859564593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=3J8UbXoPtExm73hcyMIugg==, figureFileBig=BizMlbdiIpmtfuEltCv83Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809077023142463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=CN, label=Figure 9, caption=
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination. NLG-919 could effectively down-regulate the expression level of L-kynurenine (Kyn) in glioma cells. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water (acetonitrile∶water = 60∶40), the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, and the detection wavelength was 254 nm , figureFileSmall=3J8UbXoPtExm73hcyMIugg==, figureFileBig=BizMlbdiIpmtfuEltCv83Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809077186720337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Cell | IC50/μmol·L-1 |
| NLG-919 | TMZ | Combination |
| U251 | 26.905 ± 2.12 | 6.192 ± 0.52 | 3.111 ± 0.18 |
| U87 | 30.701 ± 2.91 | 10.9 ± 0.98 | 3.798 ± 0.26 |
), ArticleFig(id=1209809077316743771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792467919041504, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
The in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of the selected drugs to human glioma cells for 72 h. n = 3, x±s
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Cell | IC50/μmol·L-1 |
| NLG-919 | TMZ | Combination |
| U251 | 26.905 ± 2.12 | 6.192 ± 0.52 | 3.111 ± 0.18 |
| U87 | 30.701 ± 2.91 | 10.9 ± 0.98 | 3.798 ± 0.26 |
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