Article(id=1208489300753236793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1208489265789518263, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1185, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1628956800000, receivedDateStr=2021-08-15, revisedDate=1633708800000, revisedDateStr=2021-10-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766055901944, onlineDateStr=2025-12-18, pubDate=1636646400000, pubDateStr=2021-11-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766055901944, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766055901944, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766055901944, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1208489265789518263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2021', volume='56', issue='11', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3202', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766055893609, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766137012710, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208829504026448153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1208489265789518263, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208829504026448154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1208489265789518263, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2985, endPage=2994, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208489301348828014, articleId=1208489300753236793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=The withanolide extract of
Physalis angulata alleviates the liver fibrosis through regulation of YAP and TGF-
β/Smad pathway, columnId=1208489298932908784, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Special Reports: Recent Advances in Visceral Organ Fibrosis and Antifibrotic Drug Discovery, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Liver fibrosis is a common scarring response to virtually all forms of chronic liver injury and is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. Excessive activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a key step in liver fibrogenesis. The withanolide extract of Physalis angulata (WEP) is a physalin-type withanolide enriched partition from Physalis angulata. In this study, liver fibrosis mice models were established by CCl4 and bile duct ligation (BDL) in vivo. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was given in vitro to induce activation of human hepatic stellate cells LX-2 and treated with WEP at different concentrations. All animal experiments in this paper have been approved by the Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University. The in vivo results showed that, compared with the CCl4 or BDL group, WEP could reduce collagen deposition and liver damage, and reduce the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in serum. In vitro, WEP had no significant cytotoxicity to LX-2 cells, but significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of fibrotic markers collagen type Ⅰ α 1 chain (COL1A1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and inhibited the activation of hepatic stellate cells. In addition, WEP inhibited the expression of yes-associated protein (YAP) and the phosphorylation level of Smad family member 2 (Smad2) in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, WEP can inhibit hepatic stellate cells activation via regulating the YAP and TGF-β-Smad pathways, and shows promising anti-fibrosis activity in vitro and in vivo.
, correspAuthors=Jian-guang LUO, Hao ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2021 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ting YANG, Xin-lin CHEN, Xiao-yun ZHU, De-juan XIANG, Jian-guang LUO, Hao ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208489303844438095, articleId=1208489300753236793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=苦蘵睡茄内酯提取物下调YAP和TGF-
β/Smad通路抑制肝星状细胞激活改善小鼠肝纤维化, columnId=1208489300275086094, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=专题报道:脏器纤维化疾病与抗纤维化药物研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
肝纤维化是慢性肝损伤的常见瘢痕反应,细胞外基质的过度积累是其主要特征,其中肝星状细胞的过度激活是肝纤维化发生的关键步骤。苦蘵睡茄内酯提取物(the withanolide extract of Physalis angulata,WEP)是从中药苦蘵(Physalis angulata L.)中提取富集的部位,主要含有酸浆苦素型的睡茄内酯类化合物。本实验通过建立四氯化碳及胆总管结扎诱导的小鼠肝纤维化模型,以及转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)处理诱导的人肝星状细胞LX-2活化模型,结合不同浓度的WEP处理,研究WEP对肝纤维化的治疗作用,并探讨潜在的作用机制。本文中所有动物实验都获得中国药科大学伦理学委员会批准。动物实验结果显示,与模型组相比,WEP可降低血清中谷草转氨酶(aspartate transaminase,AST)和谷丙转氨酶(alanine transaminase,ALT)水平,减轻肝损伤,显著降低胶原沉积,改善肝纤维化水平。WEP对LX-2细胞无明显细胞毒性,但可显著降低肝纤维化标志物Ⅰ型胶原α1(collagen type Ⅰ α 1 chain,COL1A1)及α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA)的mRNA和蛋白表达,抑制肝星状细胞活化。在体内外模型中,WEP可抑制yes相关蛋白(yes-associated protein,YAP)的表达及Smad家族蛋白2(Smad family member 2,Smad2)的磷酸化水平。综上,WEP可通过下调YAP和TGF-β/Smad通路抑制肝星状细胞活化,在体内外表现出良好的抗肝纤维化活性。
, correspAuthors=罗建光, 张浩, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2021, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=SFV8Z7ObPCvRGVGqYX8aQg==, magXml=C1ja2BLjtksVZrO/BBavTw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=1kW0y5Ls0u4rOS62y26+YQ==, pdfFileSize=4665588, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=YApKlHzw2jkogZgLK4WALQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=qHWUSCS7qlh34Sg+tknNHg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=杨挺, 陈馨霖, 祝小云, 项德娟, 罗建光, 张浩)}, authors=[Author(id=1208489304993677448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1208489305153061014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, 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The withanolide extract of Physalis angulata (WEP) inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). LX-2 cells were treated with 2 ng·mL-1 transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) with or without different concentrations of WEP for 24 h after no fetal bovine serum (FBS) starvation. A: WEP repressed the mRNA expressions of COL1A1 and ACTA2 in a dose-dependent manner in LX-2 cells. GAPDH served as a loading control; B: WEP inhibited the protein levels of COL1A1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in LX-2 cells; C: Cell proliferation was determined by CCK8 assay. n = 3, $ \overline{x} $±s. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs control group; *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 vs TGF-β1 group , figureFileSmall=IrvBmVHEQ7YtKGGI06Ba4w==, figureFileBig=YApKlHzw2jkogZgLK4WALQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208489310458856105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=qUtW1kDJ+AGtM6+t7GOgyA==, figureFileBig=RtUCgpSwSNxLVwP7/lxVTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208489310580490934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=
WEP has no obvious toxicity in vivo. The histopathology of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining (scale bars: 250 μm) , figureFileSmall=qUtW1kDJ+AGtM6+t7GOgyA==, figureFileBig=RtUCgpSwSNxLVwP7/lxVTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208489310714708676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=VVzFRXjuS8iLefILMQPlrg==, figureFileBig=Q7pZO9/A325y8OntX4bMlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208489310857315027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption=
WEP ameliorated CCl4-induced liver injury and liver fibrosis. A: Liver histopathology was observed by H & E staining (scale bars: 250 μm); B: Serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) assays demonstrated that WEP reduced liver injury in CCl4-induced mice; C: The obtained liver sections were subjected to Sirius red staining (scale bars: 100 μm, up panel), and Masson trichrome staining (scale bars: 100 μm, down panel); D: The positive areas of Sirius red staining and Masson trichrome staining were normalized against the control group; E: Western blot analysis of α-SMA expression. n = 7, $ \overline{x} $±s. #P < 0.05, ###P < 0.001 vs control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs CCl4-oil group , figureFileSmall=VVzFRXjuS8iLefILMQPlrg==, figureFileBig=Q7pZO9/A325y8OntX4bMlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208489310983144156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=RSgupb6pHFea1PgUxwJrGw==, figureFileBig=lH7VVfh9nkqSjc756IzDug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208489311121556204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption=
WEP ameliorated bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver injury and liver fibrosis. A: Liver histopathology was observed by H & E staining (scale bars: 250 μm); B: Serum AST and ALT assays demonstrated that WEP reduced liver injury in BDL-induced mice; C: The obtained liver sections were subjected to Sirius red staining (scale bars: 100 μm, up panel), and Masson trichrome staining (scale bars: 100 μm, down panel); D: The positive areas of Sirius red staining and Masson trichrome staining were normalized against the sham group; E: Western blot analysis of α-SMA expression. n = 7, $ \overline{x} $±s. ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs sham group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs BDL-group , figureFileSmall=RSgupb6pHFea1PgUxwJrGw==, figureFileBig=lH7VVfh9nkqSjc756IzDug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208489311243191036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=YTi2YrImNwyGva+/xb8i6Q==, figureFileBig=iEM5lZexOh3nZug5plwQew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208489311360631561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption=
WEP inhibits liver fibrosis through regulation of yes-associated protein (YAP) and TGF-β1/Smad pathway. A: LX-2 cells were treated with 2 ng·mL-1 TGF-β1 with or without different concentrations of WEP for 24 h after no FBS starvation. WEP down-regulated the protein expressions of YAP and p-Smad2 in LX-2 cells; B, C: WEP down-regulated the protein expressions of YAP and p-Smad2 in CCl4-treated and BDL-treated livers. n = 3 (A), n = 7 (B, C), $ \overline{x} $±s. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs model group , figureFileSmall=YTi2YrImNwyGva+/xb8i6Q==, figureFileBig=iEM5lZexOh3nZug5plwQew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208489311461294863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Species | Gene | Forward primer | Reverse primer |
| Human | ACTA2 | CCTTGTTTGGGAAGCAAGTGG | TGGAGCTGCTTCACAGGATT |
| COL1A1 | GTGCGATGACGTGATCTGTGA | CGGTGGTTTCTTGGTCGGT |
| TIMP1 | CTTCTGCAATTCCGACCTCGT | ACGCTGGTATAAGGTGGTCTG |
| GAPDH | GACCTGCCGTCTAGAAAAAC | TTGAAGTCAGAGGAGACCAC |
), ArticleFig(id=1208489311561958172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208489300753236793, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
PCR primers. ACTA2: Actin alpha 2, smooth muscle; COL1A1: Collagen type Ⅰ α 1 chain; TIMP1: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Species | Gene | Forward primer | Reverse primer |
| Human | ACTA2 | CCTTGTTTGGGAAGCAAGTGG | TGGAGCTGCTTCACAGGATT |
| COL1A1 | GTGCGATGACGTGATCTGTGA | CGGTGGTTTCTTGGTCGGT |
| TIMP1 | CTTCTGCAATTCCGACCTCGT | ACGCTGGTATAAGGTGGTCTG |
| GAPDH | GACCTGCCGTCTAGAAAAAC | TTGAAGTCAGAGGAGACCAC |
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