Article(id=1208402464970224487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1208402455038112170, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1163, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1594569600000, receivedDateStr=2020-07-13, revisedDate=1598457600000, revisedDateStr=2020-08-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766035198681, onlineDateStr=2025-12-18, pubDate=1610380800000, pubDateStr=2021-01-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766035198681, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766035198681, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766035198681, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1208402455038112170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2021', volume='56', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='370', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766035196313, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766137278516, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208830618876637998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1208402455038112170, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208830618876637999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1208402455038112170, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=314, endPage=318, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208402465670673302, articleId=1208402464970224487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Characterization and principal component analysis of functionality-related characteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose type 2208, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Under the guidance of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition), the functionality-related characteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC) type 2208 from imported A manufacturer, domestic S manufacturer, domestic T manufacturer and different batches of the same manufacturer were characterized. The principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the functionality-related characteristics. The results were as follows: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose had no significant difference in viscosity and molecular weight distribution between different manufacturers, and there were significant differences in the cumulative particle size distribution of the sample reaches 50%(d50) and 90%(d90), bulk density, tap density and Carr's index. The HPMC from A manufacturer have the biggest inter-batch difference of particle size and their inter-batch difference of polydispersion coefficientis smaller than S manufacturer. Domestic manufactures have the largest inter-batch difference in other functionalityrelated characteristics. The three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and the variance contribution rate reached 89.44%, indicating that the extracted principal components can explain all the data well. By constructing a comprehensive evaluation model, the comprehensive score ranking of all HPMC samples is obtained: S manufacturer > A manufacturer > T manufacturer.

, correspAuthors=Wei-san PAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2021 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wen-bin DENG, Hao PAN, Yun-jian LI, Sen QIAO, Xiao-tong ZHOU, Wei-san PAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208402466392093650, articleId=1208402464970224487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=2208型羟丙甲纤维素功能性相关指标的考察与主成分分析, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文以《中国药典》(2020年版)为指导, 对来自进口A厂、国产S厂和国产T厂的2208型羟丙甲纤维素以及同一厂家不同批次的羟丙甲纤维素的功能性相关指标进行了表征, 并通过主成分分析对羟丙甲纤维素的功能性相关指标进行全面综合评价。实验结果表明: 不同厂家的羟丙甲纤维素黏度和多分散系数(D)未见显著性差异, 而样品累积粒度分布百分数达50%时所对应的粒径(d50)、样品累积粒度分布数达90%时所对应的粒径(d90)、松密度(ρb)、振实密度(ρbt)和卡尔指数等均存在显著性差异。同一厂家不同批次产品各功能性相关指标均存在批间差异, A厂羟丙甲纤维素粒径的批间差异最大, 多分散系数批间差异次于S厂, 其他指标的批间差异均小于国产厂家。通过主成分分析提取出方差贡献率达89.44%的3个主成分。再通过构建综合评价模型, 得到羟丙甲纤维素的综合得分排序: S厂 > A厂 > T厂。

, correspAuthors=潘卫三, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*潘卫三, Tel: 86-24-43520533, E-mail:
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Spectrosc Spect Anal(光谱学与光谱分析), 2006, 26: 144-147., articleTitle=Principal component analysis and cluster analysis of inorganic elements in Panax quinquefolius, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208478658096903109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=54, issue=null, pageStart=348, pageEnd=353, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STXB201519020.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=Acta Pharm Sin(药学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y, Xu YY, Li LX, et al. Comparison and study of relative molecular weight determination methods of astragalus polysaccharides for injection[J]. Acta Pharm Sin(药学学报), 2019, 54: 348-353., articleTitle=Comparison and study of relative molecular weight determination methods of astragalus polysaccharides for injection, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208478647661473896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208478647674056809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, companyId=1208478647661473896, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208478647682445418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, companyId=1208478647661473896, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.沈阳药科大学药学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110016)]), AuthorCompany(id=1208478647825051759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208478647829246064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, companyId=1208478647825051759, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208478647837634673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, companyId=1208478647825051759, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁大学药学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110036)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1208478653273453044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=/JSXbxqiPXGfjzEIWmKq7A==, figureFileBig=DJdDXcFZcR02Gn+wW1YtaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208478653403476484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= The calibration curve of gel permeation chromatography , figureFileSmall=/JSXbxqiPXGfjzEIWmKq7A==, figureFileBig=DJdDXcFZcR02Gn+wW1YtaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208478653533499929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample d10/μm d50/μm d90/μm Span
A1 27.87 ± 0.13 81.54 ± 0.44 197.54 ± 3.39 2.08 ± 0.04
A2 27.96 ± 0.32 80.05 ± 0.95 187.96 ± 1.92 2.00 ± 0.01
A3 24.14 ± 0.11 73.09 ± 0.56 171.75 ± 1.24 2.04 ± 0.03
S1 33.93 ± 0.77 93.51 ± 3.18 180.14 ± 4.38 1.56 ± 0.04
S2 32.93 ± 0.29 95.89 ± 0.94 180.84 ± 2.32 1.54 ± 0.02
S3 33.33 ± 0.36 92.71 ± 0.33 180.49 ± 0.40 1.55 ± 0.01
T1 29.92 ± 0.18 101.20 ± 1.42 210.21 ± 3.59 1.78 ± 0.02
T2 30.05 ± 0.40 101.4 ± 1.66 212.18 ± 0.54 1.80±0.04
T3 30.44 ± 0.44 102.7 ± 0.91 212.42 ± 1.11 1.79 ± 0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1208478653663523369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Different manufacturers hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) particle size data sheet (n = 3, x± s). A: The imported A manufacturer; S: The domestic S manufacturer; T: The domestic T manufacturer; d10, d50, d90: The cumulative particle size distribution of the sample reaches 10%, 50%, 90%, respectively

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Sample d10/μm d50/μm d90/μm Span
A1 27.87 ± 0.13 81.54 ± 0.44 197.54 ± 3.39 2.08 ± 0.04
A2 27.96 ± 0.32 80.05 ± 0.95 187.96 ± 1.92 2.00 ± 0.01
A3 24.14 ± 0.11 73.09 ± 0.56 171.75 ± 1.24 2.04 ± 0.03
S1 33.93 ± 0.77 93.51 ± 3.18 180.14 ± 4.38 1.56 ± 0.04
S2 32.93 ± 0.29 95.89 ± 0.94 180.84 ± 2.32 1.54 ± 0.02
S3 33.33 ± 0.36 92.71 ± 0.33 180.49 ± 0.40 1.55 ± 0.01
T1 29.92 ± 0.18 101.20 ± 1.42 210.21 ± 3.59 1.78 ± 0.02
T2 30.05 ± 0.40 101.4 ± 1.66 212.18 ± 0.54 1.80±0.04
T3 30.44 ± 0.44 102.7 ± 0.91 212.42 ± 1.11 1.79 ± 0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1208478653818712632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample ρb/g·mL-1 ρbt/g·mL-1 Carr's index/%
A1 0.27 ± 0.01 0.45 ± 0.01 40.00 ± 0.01
A2 0.26 ± 0.01 0.45 ± 0.01 42.22 ± 0.02
A3 0.28 ± 0.01 0.46 ± 0.02 39.13 ± 0.02
S1 0.37 ± 0.02 0.55 ± 0.01 32.12 ± 0.02
S2 0.38 ± 0.02 0.55 ± 0.02 32.73 ± 0.01
S3 0.38 ± 0.00 0.53 ± 0.01 28.30 ± 0.01
T1 0.34 ± 0.01 0.50 ± 0.01 32.00 ± 0.01
T2 0.32 ± 0.01 0.52 ± 0.02 38.45 ± 0.02
T3 0.30 ± 0.00 0.45 ± 0.01 33.33 ± 0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1208478653906793028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=

The parameters of flowability for different samples (n = 3, x± s).ρb: Bulk density; ρbt: Tap density

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Sample ρb/g·mL-1 ρbt/g·mL-1 Carr's index/%
A1 0.27 ± 0.01 0.45 ± 0.01 40.00 ± 0.01
A2 0.26 ± 0.01 0.45 ± 0.01 42.22 ± 0.02
A3 0.28 ± 0.01 0.46 ± 0.02 39.13 ± 0.02
S1 0.37 ± 0.02 0.55 ± 0.01 32.12 ± 0.02
S2 0.38 ± 0.02 0.55 ± 0.02 32.73 ± 0.01
S3 0.38 ± 0.00 0.53 ± 0.01 28.30 ± 0.01
T1 0.34 ± 0.01 0.50 ± 0.01 32.00 ± 0.01
T2 0.32 ± 0.01 0.52 ± 0.02 38.45 ± 0.02
T3 0.30 ± 0.00 0.45 ± 0.01 33.33 ± 0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1208478654011650644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample Viscosity/mPa·s
A1 3 732 ± 6.69
A2 3 793 ± 6.73
A3 3 790 ± 6.13
S1 3 810 ± 6.63
S2 4 115 ± 0.00
S3 3 862 ± 18.86
T1 3 923 ± 7.25
T2 3 990 ± 8.52
T3 3 792 ± 6.60
), ArticleFig(id=1208478654108119654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=

The viscosity of HPMC for different samples (n = 3, x± s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample Viscosity/mPa·s
A1 3 732 ± 6.69
A2 3 793 ± 6.73
A3 3 790 ± 6.13
S1 3 810 ± 6.63
S2 4 115 ± 0.00
S3 3 862 ± 18.86
T1 3 923 ± 7.25
T2 3 990 ± 8.52
T3 3 792 ± 6.60
), ArticleFig(id=1208478654200394357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample Mn/g·mol-1 Mw/g·mol-1 D
A1 79 034 ± 2 641 361 978 ± 4 531 4.58 ± 0.02
A2 70 855 ± 1 385 403 873 ± 3 698 5.70 ± 0.03
A3 78 068 ± 1 149 393 444 ± 4 456 5.04 ± 0.02
S1 69 021 ± 1 387 385 137 ± 3 246 5.58 ± 0.01
S2 82 152 ± 2 469 399 261 ± 2 246 4.86 ± 0.02
S3 65 482 ± 1 932 354 547 ± 5 675 5.41 ± 0.02
T1 79 310 ± 2 037 394 965 ± 3 216 4.98 ± 0.01
T2 62 097 ± 1 763 376 311 ± 4 015 6.06 ± 0.01
T3 59 596 ± 1 132 404 656 ± 2 146 6.79 ± 0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1208478654330417797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=

The molecular weight distribution table of HPMC (n= 3, x± s).Mn: Number average molecular weight; Mw: Weight average molecular weight; D: Polydispersion coefficient

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample Mn/g·mol-1 Mw/g·mol-1 D
A1 79 034 ± 2 641 361 978 ± 4 531 4.58 ± 0.02
A2 70 855 ± 1 385 403 873 ± 3 698 5.70 ± 0.03
A3 78 068 ± 1 149 393 444 ± 4 456 5.04 ± 0.02
S1 69 021 ± 1 387 385 137 ± 3 246 5.58 ± 0.01
S2 82 152 ± 2 469 399 261 ± 2 246 4.86 ± 0.02
S3 65 482 ± 1 932 354 547 ± 5 675 5.41 ± 0.02
T1 79 310 ± 2 037 394 965 ± 3 216 4.98 ± 0.01
T2 62 097 ± 1 763 376 311 ± 4 015 6.06 ± 0.01
T3 59 596 ± 1 132 404 656 ± 2 146 6.79 ± 0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1208478654464635545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample Hydroxypropyl
content/%
Methoxide
content/%
A1 7.68 ± 0.14 21.55 ± 0.26
A2 7.29 ± 0.16 21.21 ± 0.14
A3 6.85 ± 0.14 21.75 ± 0.34
S1 5.30 ± 0.10 21.12 ± 0.22
S2 6.33 ± 0.21 21.18 ± 0.32
S3 6.56 ± 0.11 21.07 ± 0.19
T1 5.45 ± 0.13 20.06 ± 0.23
T2 4.92 ± 0.17 20.27 ± 0.28
T3 5.80 ± 0.09 20.35 ± 0.16
), ArticleFig(id=1208478654561104547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=CN, label=Table 5, caption=

Hydroxypropyl content and methoxide content of different HPMC samples (n = 3, x± s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample Hydroxypropyl
content/%
Methoxide
content/%
A1 7.68 ± 0.14 21.55 ± 0.26
A2 7.29 ± 0.16 21.21 ± 0.14
A3 6.85 ± 0.14 21.75 ± 0.34
S1 5.30 ± 0.10 21.12 ± 0.22
S2 6.33 ± 0.21 21.18 ± 0.32
S3 6.56 ± 0.11 21.07 ± 0.19
T1 5.45 ± 0.13 20.06 ± 0.23
T2 4.92 ± 0.17 20.27 ± 0.28
T3 5.80 ± 0.09 20.35 ± 0.16
), ArticleFig(id=1208478655785841324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Component Initial eigenvalue
Total Variance/% Cumulative/%
1 4.138 45.972 45.972
2 2.747 30.526 76.498
3 1.165 12.946 89.444
4 0.634 7.043 96.487
5 0.226 2.512 98.998
6 0.068 0.761 99.760
7 0.020 0.227 99.986
8 0.001 0.014 100.000
9 1.783E-16 1.981E-15 100.000
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The individual component eigenvalues

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Component Initial eigenvalue
Total Variance/% Cumulative/%
1 4.138 45.972 45.972
2 2.747 30.526 76.498
3 1.165 12.946 89.444
4 0.634 7.043 96.487
5 0.226 2.512 98.998
6 0.068 0.761 99.760
7 0.020 0.227 99.986
8 0.001 0.014 100.000
9 1.783E-16 1.981E-15 100.000
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Original index Component
1 2 3
X1 0.575 0.753 0.123
X2 -0.233 0.917 0.040
X3 -0.875 0.008 -0.289
X4 0.972 -0.013 0.217
X5 0.912 0.025 0.122
X6 -0.702 -0.627 0.192
X7 -0.074 -0.931 0.083
X8 0.099 0.162 0.895
X9 -0.404 0.363 -0.785
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Rotate component matrix. X1: d50; X2: d90; X3: ρb; X4: ρbt; X5: Carr's index; X6: Hydroxypropyl content; X7: Methoxide content; X8: Viscosity; X9: D

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Original index Component
1 2 3
X1 0.575 0.753 0.123
X2 -0.233 0.917 0.040
X3 -0.875 0.008 -0.289
X4 0.972 -0.013 0.217
X5 0.912 0.025 0.122
X6 -0.702 -0.627 0.192
X7 -0.074 -0.931 0.083
X8 0.099 0.162 0.895
X9 -0.404 0.363 -0.785
), ArticleFig(id=1208478656305935084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample F1 F2 F3 F Ranking
A1 -1.319 89 -0.618 9 0.431 45 -0.255 9 5
A2 -1.214 25 -0.417 3 0.024 30 -0.350 17 7
A3 -0.825 6 -0.984 43 0.003 32 -0.016 17 4
S1 1.416 89 -0.479 97 -1.968 99 0.362 772 3
S2 0.885 92 -0.538 99 1.507 89 0.797 449 2
S3 1.112 04 -0.854 05 0.708 95 0.840 735 1
T1 0.189 52 1.366 03 0.526 52 -0.257 56 6
T2 -0.398 01 1.535 98 0.018 09 -0.495 98 9
T3 -0.223 04 0.899 05 -0.345 46 -0.465 04 8
), ArticleFig(id=1208478656410792699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402464970224487, language=CN, label=Table 8, caption=

Factor score and rankings of different HPMC samples. F1: The first principal component factor score, F2: The secondary principal component factor score; F3: The third principal component factor score; F: Synthesis score

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Sample F1 F2 F3 F Ranking
A1 -1.319 89 -0.618 9 0.431 45 -0.255 9 5
A2 -1.214 25 -0.417 3 0.024 30 -0.350 17 7
A3 -0.825 6 -0.984 43 0.003 32 -0.016 17 4
S1 1.416 89 -0.479 97 -1.968 99 0.362 772 3
S2 0.885 92 -0.538 99 1.507 89 0.797 449 2
S3 1.112 04 -0.854 05 0.708 95 0.840 735 1
T1 0.189 52 1.366 03 0.526 52 -0.257 56 6
T2 -0.398 01 1.535 98 0.018 09 -0.495 98 9
T3 -0.223 04 0.899 05 -0.345 46 -0.465 04 8
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2208型羟丙甲纤维素功能性相关指标的考察与主成分分析
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邓文斌 1 , 潘昊 2 , 李云建 1 , 乔森 1 , 周晓彤 1 , 潘卫三 *, 1
药学学报 | 研究论文 2021,56(1): 314-318
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2021, 56(1): 314-318
2208型羟丙甲纤维素功能性相关指标的考察与主成分分析
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邓文斌1, 潘昊2, 李云建1, 乔森1, 周晓彤1, 潘卫三*, 1
作者信息
  • 1.沈阳药科大学药学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110016
  • 2.辽宁大学药学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110036

通讯作者:

*潘卫三, Tel: 86-24-43520533, E-mail:
Characterization and principal component analysis of functionality-related characteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose type 2208
Wen-bin DENG1, Hao PAN2, Yun-jian LI1, Sen QIAO1, Xiao-tong ZHOU1, Wei-san PAN*, 1
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
  • 2. School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
出版时间: 2021-01-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1163
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本文以《中国药典》(2020年版)为指导, 对来自进口A厂、国产S厂和国产T厂的2208型羟丙甲纤维素以及同一厂家不同批次的羟丙甲纤维素的功能性相关指标进行了表征, 并通过主成分分析对羟丙甲纤维素的功能性相关指标进行全面综合评价。实验结果表明: 不同厂家的羟丙甲纤维素黏度和多分散系数(D)未见显著性差异, 而样品累积粒度分布百分数达50%时所对应的粒径(d50)、样品累积粒度分布数达90%时所对应的粒径(d90)、松密度(ρb)、振实密度(ρbt)和卡尔指数等均存在显著性差异。同一厂家不同批次产品各功能性相关指标均存在批间差异, A厂羟丙甲纤维素粒径的批间差异最大, 多分散系数批间差异次于S厂, 其他指标的批间差异均小于国产厂家。通过主成分分析提取出方差贡献率达89.44%的3个主成分。再通过构建综合评价模型, 得到羟丙甲纤维素的综合得分排序: S厂 > A厂 > T厂。

2208型羟丙甲纤维素  /  药用辅料  /  功能性相关指标  /  主成分分析  /  综合评价

Under the guidance of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition), the functionality-related characteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC) type 2208 from imported A manufacturer, domestic S manufacturer, domestic T manufacturer and different batches of the same manufacturer were characterized. The principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the functionality-related characteristics. The results were as follows: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose had no significant difference in viscosity and molecular weight distribution between different manufacturers, and there were significant differences in the cumulative particle size distribution of the sample reaches 50%(d50) and 90%(d90), bulk density, tap density and Carr's index. The HPMC from A manufacturer have the biggest inter-batch difference of particle size and their inter-batch difference of polydispersion coefficientis smaller than S manufacturer. Domestic manufactures have the largest inter-batch difference in other functionalityrelated characteristics. The three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and the variance contribution rate reached 89.44%, indicating that the extracted principal components can explain all the data well. By constructing a comprehensive evaluation model, the comprehensive score ranking of all HPMC samples is obtained: S manufacturer > A manufacturer > T manufacturer.

hydroxypropyl methylcellulose type 2208  /  pharmaceutical excipient  /  functionality-related characteristics  /  principal component analysis  /  comprehensive evaluation
邓文斌, 潘昊, 李云建, 乔森, 周晓彤, 潘卫三. 2208型羟丙甲纤维素功能性相关指标的考察与主成分分析. 药学学报, 2021 , 56 (1) : 314 -318 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1163
Wen-bin DENG, Hao PAN, Yun-jian LI, Sen QIAO, Xiao-tong ZHOU, Wei-san PAN. Characterization and principal component analysis of functionality-related characteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose type 2208[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2021 , 56 (1) : 314 -318 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1163
欧盟药品质量指导委员会率先提出了功能性辅料的概念, 初衷是定义药用辅料对制剂生产过程和药品质量的潜在作用[1]。2020年7月, 新发布的《中国药典》(2020年版)《药用辅料功能性相关指标指导原则》中新增6种药用辅料的功能类别, 且在每个功能类别中载入了相应的理化性质并进一步完善了相应的功能机制。药物制剂中使用的药用辅料通常具有特定的功能性, 对辅料的功能性和制剂性能具有重要影响的物理化学性质, 可称为药用辅料的功能性相关指标(functionality related characteristics, FRCs)[2, 3]。例如辅料粒径变化时, 可能影响片剂的释放[4]。选择粉体流化作用高的乳糖作为载体, 可使原料药分散更均匀, 给药剂量更加准确[5]。不充分认识药用辅料的功能性指标就很难制备出合格制剂, 这也正是国内外制剂产品质量差异的重要原因。
目前已有许多缓控释制剂上市, 约2/3口服缓控释制剂是以羟丙甲纤维素(hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC)为主要辅料制备而成的亲水凝胶骨架片[6, 7]。随着《药用辅料功能性相关指标指导原则》的完善, 近几年来对药用辅料FRCs的研究也日益增多。Yu等[8]通过多元分析建立了粉体流动性的综合评价指标, 为粉体流动性评价提供了较为客观的标准。卡乐康公司[9]对几批不同来源的羟丙甲纤维素进行研究发现, 来源不同的产品对同一处方中盐酸二甲双胍的释放度有着不同的影响, 即辅料的厂家和批次不同会对制剂的缓控释性能产生较大的影响。2015年, Wang等[10]也曾考察了HPMC的部分功能性指标, 由于早期药典尚未收录功能性相关指标的有关内容, 所以前期研究并不完善。
当HPMC K4M作为凝胶骨架材料应用时, 所考察的功能性相关指标数量较多。单一指标不能综合评价HPMC性质, 而多指标之间又存在一定的相关性导致数据分析偏差[11, 12]。主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)是从研究对象的多个观察指标中抽取较少几个综合指标(主成分), 且提取的主成分能反映原指标的大量信息。主成分分析的主要目的就是在力保数据丢失最少的原则下, 对变量空间进行降维处理[13], 在减少分析指标的同时又能保留原始数据大部分的信息。
本文以黏度为4 000 mPa·s的2208型HPMC进口产品为参比, 另选两家国产辅料与其比较。结合《英国药典》、《欧洲药典》以及《中国药典》(2020年版)中药用辅料功能性相关指标的内容, 着重研究粒径、流动性、黏度、分子量分布和取代度几个功能性相关指标并通过主成分分析对国产与进口产品相关指标进行综合评价。
仪器与试药  HELOS (H3313) & RODOS干湿法激光粒度仪(德国新帕泰克公司); 单柱旋转黏度计(上海力辰公司); BT-1001智能粉体测试仪(丹东百特公司); LC20高效液相色谱仪(日本岛津公司); 凝胶渗透色谱(gel permeation chromatography, GPC)工作站(HW-2000)。
来自进口公司(简称A厂)、国产S厂和国产T厂各3个不同批次的黏度为4 000 mPa·s的2208型HPMC样品、聚乙二醇(色谱级, 日本TOSOH公司)。
粒径表征  使用干湿法激光粒度仪进行粒径的表征。粒度分布特征值用粒子累积分布为10%、50%、90%所对应的粒径d10d50d90来表示, span值的公式为span=(d90-d10)/d50, 一般用于判断物料粒径分布的跨度。
流动性  压缩度, 即卡尔指数(Carr's index), 是反映粉体流动性的关键指标。一般认为, Carr's index低于20%, 表示物料流动性好; 而Carr's index高于40%, 表示物料流动性差。使用IBT-1001智能粉体特性测试仪测定样品的松密度(ρb)和振实密度(ρbt), 并计算卡尔指数, Carr's index=(1-ρb/ρbt)×100%。
黏度  在20±0.1℃条件下, 测定2%(w/w) HPMC溶液的黏度。
相对分子质量的多分散性  聚合物是一系列聚合度不同的同系物的混合物, 分子量存在一定多分散性。多分散系数(D), 即重均分子量(weight-average molecular weight, Mw)与数均分子量(number average molecular weight, Mn)的比值表征高聚物分子量的分散程度, D越接近1, 说明聚合物的分子量分布越窄[14]
GPC测定  GPC测定是根据化合物分子大小进行分离的一种液相色谱技术。其色谱柱由化学惰性的多孔凝胶组成。由于多孔凝胶的排阻效应, 小分子化合物会在大分子化合物洗脱之后流出色谱柱[3]。色谱条件: TSK gel色谱柱; 流动相: 0.1 mol·L-1NaNO3溶液; 流速: 1.0 mL·min-1; 检测器: RID-20示差折光检测器; 柱温: 35℃; 进样量: 20μL。样品处理方法: 将待测样品充分溶于流动相中配置成10 mg·mL-1溶液, 并经过0.45μm的滤膜过滤。校准曲线的绘制方法: 配制10 mg·mL-1窄分布聚乙二醇的标准样品溶液并取20μL处理后的样品进样, 以保留时间(t)对相对分子质量对数(log M)作图, 绘制出校准曲线。
羟丙氧基与甲氧基含量测定  参考《中国药典》(2020年版)甲氧基(methoxy)与羟丙氧基(hydroxypropoxy)含量测定法的第二法(容量法)进行羟丙氧基与甲氧基的含量测定。
数据处理软件  SPSS 22.0进行主成分分析和单因素方差分析, P < 0.05表明组间存在显著性差异。
所有HPMC粒径表征结果见表 1。单因素方差分析可知, 不同厂家产品的d10d50d90及span均存在显著性差异(P < 0.05)。A厂不同批次HPMC的d10d50d90和span的RSD值均大于国产S厂与国产T厂HPMC。由此可知, 在考察的所有样品中进口A厂的HPMC上述指标的批间差异更大。
以压缩度表征HPMC流动性, 所有样品的ρbρbt和Carr's index结果列于表 2。不同厂家HPMC的Carr's index存在显著性差异。进口A厂产品流动性的RSD值最小, 因而所有样品中进口A厂的产品流动性的批间差异最小。
HPMC黏度测试结果见表 3。3个厂家的HPMC黏度未见显著性差异。国产S厂的HPMC黏度的RSD值最大, T厂次之。因而在所考察的几个批次的样品中, 国产S厂和T厂HPMC黏度的批间差异性更大。
由窄分布聚乙二醇绘制的校正曲线见图 1。分子质量在600~580 000 g·mol-1内, 保留时间与分子质量的对数呈良好的线性关系(R2=0.999 2)。
对A1样品重复6次进样, 所得MnMwD的RSD分别为1.8%、1.9%和0.4%, 说明仪器具有良好的精密度。
所有HPMC的MnMwD结果见表 4。由单因素方差分析可知, 不同厂家HPMC相对分子量和D均未见显著性差异。一般而言, 黏度是分子量高低的体现, 分子量越高, 聚合物黏度越大。本研究考察的样品的分子量不存在显著性差异, 考察的几个样品的黏度也不存在显著性差异, 这从侧面反映了测试结果的准确性。国产S厂的HPMC的RSD值最小, A厂次之, T厂的产品RSD值最大, 在考察的所有样品中, 国产S厂HPMC的批间差异最小, T厂最大。
所有HPMC的羟丙氧基含量与甲氧基含量测定结果见表 5。单因素方差分析结果可知, 不同厂家HPMC的羟丙氧基与甲氧基含量之间均存在显著性差异, 羟丙氧基含量: A > S > T; 甲氧基含量: A > S > T, 其中A厂的甲氧基含量的批间差异最小, S厂的羟丙氧基含量的批间差异最大。
选取各样品的d50d90ρbρbt、Carr's index、羟丙氧基含量、甲氧基含量、黏度和D分别标记为: X1X2X3X4X5X6X7X8X9。利用SPSS 22对这些数据进行统计与处理, 通过对数据进行分析得出各组分的贡献率及累积贡献率(表 6)。第一主成分贡献率达到40%, 第二主成分贡献率达到31.42%, 第三主成分贡献率达到18.02%, 3个主成分累积贡献率达89.44%, 因而可用这3个主成分提取的信息概括原始指标信息[12]。旋转矩阵得分(表 7)可以看出, 在第一主成分中ρbρbt、Carr's index起主要作用, 其中ρb与其呈负相关, ρbt和Carr's index与其呈正相关; 第二主成分中起主要作用的为d50d90、羟丙氧基含量及甲氧基含量, 羟丙氧基和甲氧基含量与其呈负相关, d50d90与其呈正相关; 第三主成分中起主要作用的是黏度和D, 黏度与其呈正相关, D与其呈负相关。
以3个主成分的方差贡献率0.46、0.31、0.13作为权数[13, 14], 构建HPMC的FRCs综合评价模型: F=0.46F1+0.31F2+0.13F3。HPMC样品在第一主成分得分F1、在第二主成分得分F2、在第三主成分得分F3, 综合评分F和得分排序见表 8。根据最终F可知, S厂HPMC的FRCs得分高于A厂和T厂。
对HPMC的功能性相关指标进行全面、综合和有效的评价是一项比较复杂和比较困难的工作, 本文通过对粒径、松密度和堆密度等FRCs进行考察, 利用主成分分析对上述指标进行数据处理, 最终将所有的FRCs降维成3个主成分, 并建立了羟丙甲纤维素的功能性相关指标综合评价模型。国产S厂产品的FRCs综合评价分数明显高于进口参比样品, S厂3个批次的HPMC在本研究所考察的几个功能性相关指标上性能最优。由于影响辅料质量评价的因素复杂, 若想进一步对其质量进行综合评价还需加大测试样本量, 才能为辅料的筛选提供更全面的依据。
作者贡献: 潘卫三是本课题的负责人, 提出课题思路、设计研究方案、文章修订; 邓文斌是本课题的主要执行人, 完成大量数据的表征; 潘昊、李云建、乔森负责分析实验数据; 周晓彤负责论文起草。
利益冲突: 所有作者均同意投稿且不存在与本文相关的利益冲突。
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1163
  • 接收时间:2020-07-13
  • 首发时间:2025-12-18
  • 出版时间:2021-01-12
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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-13
  • 修回日期:2020-08-27
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    1.沈阳药科大学药学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110016
    2.辽宁大学药学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110036

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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