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Article(id=1208402457747636394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1208402455038112170, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1338, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1597420800000, receivedDateStr=2020-08-15, revisedDate=1602604800000, revisedDateStr=2020-10-14, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766035196959, onlineDateStr=2025-12-18, pubDate=1610380800000, pubDateStr=2021-01-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766035196959, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766035196959, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766035196959, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1208402455038112170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2021', volume='56', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='370', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766035196313, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766137278516, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208830618876637998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1208402455038112170, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208830618876637999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1208402455038112170, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=274, endPage=282, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208402458578108634, articleId=1208402457747636394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=In vitro inhibition by 79 herb injectables of nine human cytochrome P450 isoenzymes: a systematic evaluation of herb-drug interactions, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Seventy-nine injectable herb extractions have been approved by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration(CFDA) and are frequently administered intravenously for various diseases. Unfortunately, herb-drug interactions are under-investigated and sometimes overlooked in the clinic. In the present investigation the in vitro inhibition of 9 drug metabolizing enzymes including CYP1A, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, and CYP3A was assessed using an appropriate probe substrate for each enzyme with human liver microsomes. Metabolite formation was quantified using a validated and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) assay. The IC50 of each herb extract was estimated using a concentration range from 5% to 0.5%, and the time-dependent inhibition of the nine CYP450 isoenzymes was also determined. Of the 79 approved iv herb injectables, 37 inhibited CYP1A, 24 inhibited CYP2A6, 41 inhibited CYP2B6, 36 inhibited CYP2C8, 31 inhibited CYP2C9, 41 inhibited CYP2C19, 13 inhibited CYP2D6, 25 inhibited CYP2E1, and 42 inhibited CYP3A with 50% or greater inhibition at a test concentration of 5%(v/v). IC50 differences were noted between pre-incubation or co-incubation assays with HLM for 30 min, with the time-dependent inhibitory(TDI) effects were observed with 2 injectables on CYP1A, 5 injectables on CYP2A6, 5 injectables on CYP2B6, 6 injectables on CYP2C8, 1 injectable on CYP2D6 and 6 injectables on CYP3A. Collectively, the results demonstrate that potential herb-drug interactions(HDIs) can occur with the concomitant use of herb injectables and prescription drugs that are cleared by CYP450 enzymes, and further investigation is warrant for the clinical relevance of these interactions.

, correspAuthors=Cheng GUO, Yong-long HAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2021 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Bo JIANG, Mei-zhi SHI, Jun-jun CHEN, Jiao YANG, Ke-zhi ZHANG, Cheng GUO, Yong-long HAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208402459370832154, articleId=1208402457747636394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=体外系统性评价79种中药注射剂对9种人细胞色素P450酶的抑制作用, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

中药注射剂在临床经常与化学药物联用治疗多种复杂疾病, 但其中药-药物的相互作用还没有得到充分的研究, 有时甚至被临床忽视。本文研究国家食品药品监督管理局批准的79种中药注射剂, 评价它们对人体药物代谢酶-细胞色素P450 (CYP450)的潜在抑制作用。使用9种人CYP450s (包括CYP1A、CYP2A6、CYP2B6、CYP2C8、CYP2C9、CYP2C19、CYP2D6、CYP2E1和CYP3A)、特异性底物和中药注射剂共同孵育, 使用灵敏度、准确度高的液相串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)对探针形成的代谢产物进行定量分析, 评价79种中药注射剂对CYP450的体外抑制作用。在79种中药注射液中, 当在中药注射液5%(v/v)和注射用粉针剂2倍日最大使用剂量换算浓度CMDD(mg·mL-1)筛选时有37种中药注射剂对CYP1A、24种中药注射剂对CYP2A6、41种中药注射剂对CYP2B6、36种中药注射剂对CYP2C9、41种中药注射剂对CYP2C19、41种中药注射剂对CYP2D6、25种中药注射剂对CYP2E1和42种中药注射剂对CYP3A表现出50%的抑制率或更强的抑制作用。在预孵育或与人肝微粒体共孵育30 min后, 观察到2种中药注射剂对CYP1A、5种中药注射剂对CYP2A6、5种中药注射剂对CYP2B6、6种中药注射剂对CYP2C8、1种中药注射剂对CYP2D6、6种中药注射剂对CYP3A呈现时间依赖性抑制(TDI)作用。结果表明, 中药注射剂存在基于CYP450的中药-药物相互作用及时间依赖性的中药-药物相互作用, 需要临床医生用药提高警惕。

, correspAuthors=郭澄, 韩永龙, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*郭澄, Tel: 86-21-24058098, E-mail:
韩永龙, Tel: 86-21-38297199, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有© 《药学学报》编辑部2021, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=XezawQZcWvi0Xa76FTk12A==, magXml=WhGdORl7OWOqfOmdkoG7YQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=WZizkLt77tPgXxcDZiH7ug==, pdfFileSize=1000800, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=ww8Wv8xiZXCwybwlogRi4A==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=S4x5TD8LW9vycBw66yjx1Q==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=姜波, 石美智, 陈君君, 杨姣, 张科之, 郭澄, 韩永龙)}, authors=[Author(id=1208478649569886391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1208478649855099075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, authorId=1208478649569886391, language=EN, stringName=Bo JIANG, firstName=Bo, middleName=null, lastName=JIANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. 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KG Pharma Limited, Foshan 528000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208478649456640173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, companyId=1208478649435668651, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.科志康医药科技有限公司, 广东 佛山 528000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1208478655920063072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=+CLA53DTTfWANxmDVW01YQ==, figureFileBig=ZKtjFjToBAQ4cLhLjouvvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208478656096223853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= Inhibition activities of 79 herb injectables on nine human liver CYP450 enzymes (A-I) evaluated at 5%and 0.5%.The results of the residual enzyme activity were normalized to vehicle control and expressed as relative percentage ratio.Each histogram is the mean of double values (<i>n</i>=2) , figureFileSmall=+CLA53DTTfWANxmDVW01YQ==, figureFileBig=ZKtjFjToBAQ4cLhLjouvvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208478656238830209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=9Ew0QcoeIacedJH7GStU3w==, figureFileBig=92LjsKos+0WL546bv+H5xw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208478656368853655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= The enzyme activity of CYP450 after the herb injectables pre-incubated or co-incubated with HLM for 30 min.The data are represented as mean±SD of 2 independent incubations.A, B: CYP1A;C-G: CYP2A6;H-L: CYP2B6;M-R: CYP2C8;S: CYP2D6, T-Y: CYP3A , figureFileSmall=9Ew0QcoeIacedJH7GStU3w==, figureFileBig=92LjsKos+0WL546bv+H5xw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208478656469516966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No Name Abbreviation Lot Number Manufacturer
1 Kanglaite injection KLT 1409233-2 Zhejiang Kanglaite Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
2 Tianmasu injection TMS 14070095-005 Taiji Group Southwest Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
3 Zhengqingfengtongning injection FTN 1311423-012 Hunan Zhengqing Group Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
4 Kuhuang injection KH 1401131 Changshu Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
5 Fufangshexiang injection SX 14022001 Jilin Yisheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
6 Reduning injection RDN 140433 Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
7 Wutou injection WT 20131102 Shanghai Kanto Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
8 Xuebijing injection XBJ 1405311 Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
9 Ganyanling injection GYN 1404101 Changshu Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
10 Danshenduofensuan Salt for injection DSDFSY 131228 Shanghai Green Valley Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
11 Dazhu Rhodiola injection DZHJT 10001140507A Tonghua Yusheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
12 Yinxing Ertieneizhi Pu'an injection YX 140602 Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
13 Honghua injection HH 13121303 Shanxi Huawei Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
14 Kudiezi injection KDZ 140604 Tonghua Huaxia Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
15 Bozhi tangtai injection BZTT 20140106 Yangzhou Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
16 Yiqi Fumai injection YQFM 20140615 Tianjing Tianshili Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
17 Gualoupi injection GLP 140703 SPH No.1 Biochemical & Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
18 Xiangdan injection XD 1406272 Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
19 Chaihu injection CH 14010421 Henan Fusen Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
20 Xiaoaiping injection XAP 201408221 Nanjing Sanhome Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
21 Shenqifuzheng injection SQFZ 1408255 Livzon Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
22 Xiangguduotang injection XGDT 14080302 Jinglin Fuzhoumeifeng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
23 Xueshuantong injection XST 14011207 Guangxi Wuzhou Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
24 Xuelian injection XL 140219-121 Xinjiang Yinduolan uighur Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
25 Lawujia injection LWJ 20140817 Wusuli River Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
26 Yejuhua injection YJH 14090501 Jiangxi Tianshikang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
27 Danshen injection DS 1408222 Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
28 Shenmai injection SM 1409115 Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
29 Safflower Yellow injection SYI 1404221 Zhejiang Yongning Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
30 Kangai injection KA 01140933 Changbaishan Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
31 Aidi injection AD 20140407 Guzhou Yibai Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
32 Shenkang injection SK 201411011 Xian Shijishenkang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
33 Brucea javanica Oil Emulsion injection BOE 0114102221 Shenyang Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
34 Danhong injection DH 14111029 Buchang Tongxin Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
35 Xiyanping injection XYP 2014110603 Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
36 Buguzhi injection BGZ 140616 Hunan Furenhuaiqingtang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
37 Yemugua injection YMG 140603 Guangdong Xinfeng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
38 Cervus and Cucumis Polypeptide injection CCPI 1407304 Heilongjiang Jiangshi Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
39 Puerarin injection PRI 14071116 Reyoung Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
40 Guanxinning injection GXN 1407271 Shanxi Zhendong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
41 Ossotide injection OSI 141019E1 Haerbin Sanlian Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
42 Guhong injection GH 20140704 Tonghua Guhong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
43 Shenxiong glucose injection SXG 20140889 Guizhou Jingfeng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
44 Odium cantharidate vitamin B6 injection OCVB 2014092102 Guizhou Baiqiang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
45 Ginseng polysaccharide injection GSP 03140901 Shanxi Pude Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
46 Shuanghuanglian injection powder SHL 1403609 Harbin Group Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
47 Shuxuening injection SXN 130801A2 Shineway Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
48 Yimucao injection YMC 140713 Chengdu First Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
49 Ginkgolides injection GKL 08140703-095 Chengdu Baiyu Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
50 Breviscapine injection BVP 16140707 Hunan Hengsheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
51 Gugua extract injection GGE 220141008 Helongjiang Dilong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
52 Ligustrazine hydrochloride injection LHI 141110D1 Harbin Sanlian Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
53 Salvia miltiorrhiza and Ligustrazine injection SMLI 20141030 Guizhou Tebai Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
54 Tanreqing injection TQI 1411201 Shanghai Kaibao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
55 Fufang kushen injection FFKS 20141011 Shanxi Zhendong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
56 Huangqi injection HQ 1409043 Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
57 Xingnaojing injection XNJ 1411102 Dali Yaoye Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
58 Yinxingdamo injection YXDM 8140921 Shanxi Pude Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
59 Shenfu injection SF 140910010 Yaan Sanjiu Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
60 Xinmailong injection XML 140347 Yunnan Tengyao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
61 Chuankezhi injection CKZ 14053002 Guangzhou Fangzheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
62 Astragalus polysaccharides injection APCI 140301 Tianjin Sainuo Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
63 Compound glycyrrhizin injection CGI 00034 Minophagen Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
64 Pehydroandrographolide succinate injection PDSI 20141215 Harbin Sanjing Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
65 Fufang gutai injection GT 1579 Nanjiang Xinbai Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
66 Taipanduotai injection TPDT 201405044 Guizhou Taibang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
67 Qingkailing injection QKL 14041906 Jilin Yisheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
68 Shengmai injection SHM 14081505 Jilin Yisheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
69 Shuxuetong injection SXT 141009-21 Mudanjiang Youbo Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
70 Xueshuantong for injection XST 14H13203 Kunming Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
71 Lanxiangxi injection LXX 1409181 Daliang Holley Kingkong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
72 Mailuoning injection MLN 20141035 Jinlin Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
73 Sulfotanshinone sodium injection SFI 1411312 SPH No.1 Biochemical & Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
74 Sodium aescinate injection SAI 15010313 Wuhan Aimin Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
75 Zushima injection ZSM 14121021 Lonch Group Wanrong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
76 Xiaozhiling injection XZL 14091501 Jilin Yisheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
77 Huachansu injection HCS 141031-1 Anhui Huarun Jinchan Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
78 Extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves injection EGBL HC034 Zhonghao Guoji Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
79 Erigeron breviscapus injection EBI 20141033 Yunan Biovalley Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
), ArticleFig(id=1208478656607929015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

The information of the collected 79 herb injections approved by CFDA

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No Name Abbreviation Lot Number Manufacturer
1 Kanglaite injection KLT 1409233-2 Zhejiang Kanglaite Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
2 Tianmasu injection TMS 14070095-005 Taiji Group Southwest Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
3 Zhengqingfengtongning injection FTN 1311423-012 Hunan Zhengqing Group Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
4 Kuhuang injection KH 1401131 Changshu Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
5 Fufangshexiang injection SX 14022001 Jilin Yisheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
6 Reduning injection RDN 140433 Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
7 Wutou injection WT 20131102 Shanghai Kanto Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
8 Xuebijing injection XBJ 1405311 Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
9 Ganyanling injection GYN 1404101 Changshu Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
10 Danshenduofensuan Salt for injection DSDFSY 131228 Shanghai Green Valley Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
11 Dazhu Rhodiola injection DZHJT 10001140507A Tonghua Yusheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
12 Yinxing Ertieneizhi Pu'an injection YX 140602 Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
13 Honghua injection HH 13121303 Shanxi Huawei Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
14 Kudiezi injection KDZ 140604 Tonghua Huaxia Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
15 Bozhi tangtai injection BZTT 20140106 Yangzhou Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
16 Yiqi Fumai injection YQFM 20140615 Tianjing Tianshili Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
17 Gualoupi injection GLP 140703 SPH No.1 Biochemical & Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
18 Xiangdan injection XD 1406272 Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
19 Chaihu injection CH 14010421 Henan Fusen Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
20 Xiaoaiping injection XAP 201408221 Nanjing Sanhome Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
21 Shenqifuzheng injection SQFZ 1408255 Livzon Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
22 Xiangguduotang injection XGDT 14080302 Jinglin Fuzhoumeifeng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
23 Xueshuantong injection XST 14011207 Guangxi Wuzhou Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
24 Xuelian injection XL 140219-121 Xinjiang Yinduolan uighur Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
25 Lawujia injection LWJ 20140817 Wusuli River Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
26 Yejuhua injection YJH 14090501 Jiangxi Tianshikang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
27 Danshen injection DS 1408222 Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
28 Shenmai injection SM 1409115 Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
29 Safflower Yellow injection SYI 1404221 Zhejiang Yongning Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
30 Kangai injection KA 01140933 Changbaishan Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
31 Aidi injection AD 20140407 Guzhou Yibai Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
32 Shenkang injection SK 201411011 Xian Shijishenkang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
33 Brucea javanica Oil Emulsion injection BOE 0114102221 Shenyang Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
34 Danhong injection DH 14111029 Buchang Tongxin Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
35 Xiyanping injection XYP 2014110603 Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
36 Buguzhi injection BGZ 140616 Hunan Furenhuaiqingtang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
37 Yemugua injection YMG 140603 Guangdong Xinfeng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
38 Cervus and Cucumis Polypeptide injection CCPI 1407304 Heilongjiang Jiangshi Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
39 Puerarin injection PRI 14071116 Reyoung Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
40 Guanxinning injection GXN 1407271 Shanxi Zhendong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
41 Ossotide injection OSI 141019E1 Haerbin Sanlian Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
42 Guhong injection GH 20140704 Tonghua Guhong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
43 Shenxiong glucose injection SXG 20140889 Guizhou Jingfeng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
44 Odium cantharidate vitamin B6 injection OCVB 2014092102 Guizhou Baiqiang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
45 Ginseng polysaccharide injection GSP 03140901 Shanxi Pude Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
46 Shuanghuanglian injection powder SHL 1403609 Harbin Group Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
47 Shuxuening injection SXN 130801A2 Shineway Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
48 Yimucao injection YMC 140713 Chengdu First Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
49 Ginkgolides injection GKL 08140703-095 Chengdu Baiyu Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
50 Breviscapine injection BVP 16140707 Hunan Hengsheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
51 Gugua extract injection GGE 220141008 Helongjiang Dilong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
52 Ligustrazine hydrochloride injection LHI 141110D1 Harbin Sanlian Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
53 Salvia miltiorrhiza and Ligustrazine injection SMLI 20141030 Guizhou Tebai Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
54 Tanreqing injection TQI 1411201 Shanghai Kaibao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
55 Fufang kushen injection FFKS 20141011 Shanxi Zhendong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
56 Huangqi injection HQ 1409043 Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
57 Xingnaojing injection XNJ 1411102 Dali Yaoye Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
58 Yinxingdamo injection YXDM 8140921 Shanxi Pude Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
59 Shenfu injection SF 140910010 Yaan Sanjiu Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
60 Xinmailong injection XML 140347 Yunnan Tengyao Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
61 Chuankezhi injection CKZ 14053002 Guangzhou Fangzheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
62 Astragalus polysaccharides injection APCI 140301 Tianjin Sainuo Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
63 Compound glycyrrhizin injection CGI 00034 Minophagen Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
64 Pehydroandrographolide succinate injection PDSI 20141215 Harbin Sanjing Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
65 Fufang gutai injection GT 1579 Nanjiang Xinbai Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
66 Taipanduotai injection TPDT 201405044 Guizhou Taibang Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
67 Qingkailing injection QKL 14041906 Jilin Yisheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
68 Shengmai injection SHM 14081505 Jilin Yisheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
69 Shuxuetong injection SXT 141009-21 Mudanjiang Youbo Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
70 Xueshuantong for injection XST 14H13203 Kunming Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
71 Lanxiangxi injection LXX 1409181 Daliang Holley Kingkong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
72 Mailuoning injection MLN 20141035 Jinlin Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
73 Sulfotanshinone sodium injection SFI 1411312 SPH No.1 Biochemical & Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
74 Sodium aescinate injection SAI 15010313 Wuhan Aimin Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
75 Zushima injection ZSM 14121021 Lonch Group Wanrong Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
76 Xiaozhiling injection XZL 14091501 Jilin Yisheng Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
77 Huachansu injection HCS 141031-1 Anhui Huarun Jinchan Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
78 Extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves injection EGBL HC034 Zhonghao Guoji Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
79 Erigeron breviscapus injection EBI 20141033 Yunan Biovalley Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd
), ArticleFig(id=1208478656763118277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Mobile phase CYP450 enzyme
CYP1A2, CYP2B6,
CYP2C8, CYP2C9,
CYP2C19, CYP2E1		 CYP2A6 CYP2D6 CYP3A4
B%(Time/min) 5(0) 5(0) 5(0) 5(0)
90(0.5) 40(3) 20(0.8) 20(0.8)
90(0.7) 90(4) 35(2.0) 25(4.0)
5(0.8) 90(4.5) 35(2.5) 90(4.5)
5(1.1) 5(4.6) 5(2.6) 5(4.6)
5(5.1) 5(3.1) 5(5.1)
), ArticleFig(id=1208478656943473364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=

The gradient elution for the CYP450s inhibition assay

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Mobile phase CYP450 enzyme
CYP1A2, CYP2B6,
CYP2C8, CYP2C9,
CYP2C19, CYP2E1		 CYP2A6 CYP2D6 CYP3A4
B%(Time/min) 5(0) 5(0) 5(0) 5(0)
90(0.5) 40(3) 20(0.8) 20(0.8)
90(0.7) 90(4) 35(2.0) 25(4.0)
5(0.8) 90(4.5) 35(2.5) 90(4.5)
5(1.1) 5(4.6) 5(2.6) 5(4.6)
5(5.1) 5(3.1) 5(5.1)
), ArticleFig(id=1208478657094468328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Mode Compound MRM DP/eV CE/eV
ESI+ Acetaminophen 151.9→110.1 64 21
7-Hydroxycoumarin 162.9→106.9 86 29
N-Desethylamodiquine 328.0→283.0 100 50
4-Hydroxydiclofenac 312.0→231.0 32 29
Dextrorphan 258.1→157.0 103 60
Hydroxybupropion 256.1→238.0 61 18
4-Hydroxymephenytoin 235.1→150.3 74 23
6β-Hydroxytestosterone 305.2→269.3 80 19
Tolbutamide (IS) 271.3→155.0 70 26
ESI- 6-Hydroxychlorzoxazone 184.0→119.7 -56 -26
Tolbutamide (IS) 268.8→169.8 -63 -23
), ArticleFig(id=1208478657203520245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=

MS/MS transitions and parameters for the detection of the target metabolites and internal standards

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Mode Compound MRM DP/eV CE/eV
ESI+ Acetaminophen 151.9→110.1 64 21
7-Hydroxycoumarin 162.9→106.9 86 29
N-Desethylamodiquine 328.0→283.0 100 50
4-Hydroxydiclofenac 312.0→231.0 32 29
Dextrorphan 258.1→157.0 103 60
Hydroxybupropion 256.1→238.0 61 18
4-Hydroxymephenytoin 235.1→150.3 74 23
6β-Hydroxytestosterone 305.2→269.3 80 19
Tolbutamide (IS) 271.3→155.0 70 26
ESI- 6-Hydroxychlorzoxazone 184.0→119.7 -56 -26
Tolbutamide (IS) 268.8→169.8 -63 -23
), ArticleFig(id=1208478657425818371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Name CMDD
/%		 IC50/% Name CMDD
/%		 IC50/%
1A2 2A6 2C9 2D6 3A4 2B6 2C8 2E1 2C19 1A2 2A6 2C9 2D6 3A4 2B6 2C8 2E1 2C19
KTL 4.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.7 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 YMG 0.16 0.72 0.5 1.3 3.2 1.0 0.5 1.1 0.3 0.78
TMS 1.20 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 GXN 0.80 0.13 0.14 0.39 0.29 0.17 0.30 0.18 0.31 0.19
FTN 0.08 > 5 > 5 > 5 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.5 > 5 > 5 GH 0.40 1.3 2.8 1.9 > 5 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.8 1.4
KH 1.20 1.1 > 5 1.3 2.2 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 SXG 4.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
SX 0.40 0.3 5.0 1.0 5.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 > 5 0.4 OCVB 1.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
RDN 0.40 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.2 GSP 0.16 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
WT 0.08 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 SXN 0.40 3.1 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.4 > 5 3.5 2.3 0.7
XBJ 4.00 2.2 2.2 1.7 3.7 1.7 1.4 1.4 2.1 1.6 YMC 0.08 3.9 0.9 > 5 > 5 > 5 1.5 > 5 1.2 0.2
GYN 0.08 0.5 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.9 1.1 GKL 0.20 > 5 2.6 3.5 3.8 1.3 1.1 4.1 0.6 0.08
DZHJT 0.20 1.2 2.0 > 5 > 5 2.0 > 5 2.1 1.2 2.1 SMLI 0.20 0.4 1.2 > 5 > 5 1.4 1.2 2.3 0.3 1.0
YX 0.10 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 TQI 0.80 0.2 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7
HH 0.40 1.1 2.0 3.0 3.2 1.9 1.7 1.0 0.95 1.01 FFKS 0.24 0.6 > 5 1.9 0.4 0.9 1.2 3.0 2.4 1.9
KDZ 0.80 2.4 2.5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 3.4 > 5 > 5 HQ 0.40 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
BZTT 0.08 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 1.9 > 5 XNJ 0.40 > 5 > 5 2.7 > 5 1.0 0.3 2.1 > 5 1.7
GLP 0.24 2.5 1.6 > 5 3.0 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.1 2.8 YXDM 1.00 0.8 0.7 0.4 1.5 0.2 2.2 0.9 3.5 0.2
XD 0.40 0.17 0.14 0.32 0.23 0.15 0.17 0.13 0.17 0.11 SF 2.00 1.4 > 5 2.1 > 5 2.0 0.9 4.1 > 5 1.7
CH 0.16 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.1 2.1 > 5 > 5 XML 0.12 0.4 0.5 3.2 0.03 0.8 0.03 0.08 0.2 1.0
XAP 0.02 0.026 0.068 0.034 > 0.1 0.010 0.020 0.024 0.030 0.019 CKZ 0.16 > 5 > 5 0.6 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
SQFZ 5.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 CGI 1.20 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
XGDT 0.04 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 GT 0.20 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
XL 0.08 0.48 0.83 0.64 1.2 0.60 0.58 1.0 1.0 0.61 TPDT 0.16 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
LWJ 6.00 1.5 1.4 > 5 > 5 1.5 > 5 3.0 1.9 2.2 QKL 0.80 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.9 0.8 0.9 1.7 > 5 > 5
YJH 0.16 1.1 1.7 1.0 1.5 0.82 0.55 1.0 1.2 0.66 SHM 1.20 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.1 1.5 > 5 > 5 2.8
DS 0.40 0.39 0.34 0.84 0.48 0.34 1.0 0.38 0.90 0.65 SXT 0.12 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 3.7 > 5
SM 2.00 1.5 > 5 1.0 > 5 1.6 1.0 > 5 > 5 1.3 LXX 2.40 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.4 0.009 1.0 2.1 0.11
KA 2.40 1.1 > 5 > 5 0.69 3.3 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 MLN 0.40 0.25 0.43 0.18 0.79 0.27 0.13 0.31 0.50 0.34
AD 2.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 SFI 0.32 0.08 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.15 0.07 0.05 0.11 0.05
SK 2.00 1.4 1.7 2.6 2.4 1.9 2.2 1.2 1.6 1.6 ZSM 0.08 0.60 - 1.43 1.42 0.72 0.52 0.97 0.42 0.70
BOE 0.60 > 5 > 5 2.3 > 5 > 5 1.1 > 5 > 5 > 5 XZL 0.20 1.1 - > 5 > 5 > 5 1.4 1.3 > 5 1.8
DH 1.60 0.29 0.29 0.59 0.42 0.30 0.35 0.29 0.38 0.28 HCS 0.40 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
XYP 0.40 > 5 > 5 2.5 > 5 0.4 3.3 1.3 2.6 1.3 EGBL 1.00 2.2 4.2 1.1 > 5 3.3 > 5 1.5 0.6 1.5
BGZ 0.08 0.01 0.3 0.6 2.4 2.1 1.1 1.2 2.0 0.53 EBI 1.60 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.9 2.2 1.5 1.0 1.5 0.9
), ArticleFig(id=1208478657581007635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=

IC50 (v/v) values for P450 enzyme inhibition by the liquid injection investigated. The CMDD (v/v) is the concentration of the injection calculated by the maximum daily dose

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Name CMDD
/%		 IC50/% Name CMDD
/%		 IC50/%
1A2 2A6 2C9 2D6 3A4 2B6 2C8 2E1 2C19 1A2 2A6 2C9 2D6 3A4 2B6 2C8 2E1 2C19
KTL 4.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.7 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 YMG 0.16 0.72 0.5 1.3 3.2 1.0 0.5 1.1 0.3 0.78
TMS 1.20 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 GXN 0.80 0.13 0.14 0.39 0.29 0.17 0.30 0.18 0.31 0.19
FTN 0.08 > 5 > 5 > 5 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.5 > 5 > 5 GH 0.40 1.3 2.8 1.9 > 5 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.8 1.4
KH 1.20 1.1 > 5 1.3 2.2 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 SXG 4.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
SX 0.40 0.3 5.0 1.0 5.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 > 5 0.4 OCVB 1.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
RDN 0.40 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.2 GSP 0.16 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
WT 0.08 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 SXN 0.40 3.1 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.4 > 5 3.5 2.3 0.7
XBJ 4.00 2.2 2.2 1.7 3.7 1.7 1.4 1.4 2.1 1.6 YMC 0.08 3.9 0.9 > 5 > 5 > 5 1.5 > 5 1.2 0.2
GYN 0.08 0.5 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.9 1.1 GKL 0.20 > 5 2.6 3.5 3.8 1.3 1.1 4.1 0.6 0.08
DZHJT 0.20 1.2 2.0 > 5 > 5 2.0 > 5 2.1 1.2 2.1 SMLI 0.20 0.4 1.2 > 5 > 5 1.4 1.2 2.3 0.3 1.0
YX 0.10 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 TQI 0.80 0.2 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7
HH 0.40 1.1 2.0 3.0 3.2 1.9 1.7 1.0 0.95 1.01 FFKS 0.24 0.6 > 5 1.9 0.4 0.9 1.2 3.0 2.4 1.9
KDZ 0.80 2.4 2.5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 3.4 > 5 > 5 HQ 0.40 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
BZTT 0.08 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 1.9 > 5 XNJ 0.40 > 5 > 5 2.7 > 5 1.0 0.3 2.1 > 5 1.7
GLP 0.24 2.5 1.6 > 5 3.0 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.1 2.8 YXDM 1.00 0.8 0.7 0.4 1.5 0.2 2.2 0.9 3.5 0.2
XD 0.40 0.17 0.14 0.32 0.23 0.15 0.17 0.13 0.17 0.11 SF 2.00 1.4 > 5 2.1 > 5 2.0 0.9 4.1 > 5 1.7
CH 0.16 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.1 2.1 > 5 > 5 XML 0.12 0.4 0.5 3.2 0.03 0.8 0.03 0.08 0.2 1.0
XAP 0.02 0.026 0.068 0.034 > 0.1 0.010 0.020 0.024 0.030 0.019 CKZ 0.16 > 5 > 5 0.6 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
SQFZ 5.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 CGI 1.20 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
XGDT 0.04 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 GT 0.20 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
XL 0.08 0.48 0.83 0.64 1.2 0.60 0.58 1.0 1.0 0.61 TPDT 0.16 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
LWJ 6.00 1.5 1.4 > 5 > 5 1.5 > 5 3.0 1.9 2.2 QKL 0.80 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.9 0.8 0.9 1.7 > 5 > 5
YJH 0.16 1.1 1.7 1.0 1.5 0.82 0.55 1.0 1.2 0.66 SHM 1.20 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.1 1.5 > 5 > 5 2.8
DS 0.40 0.39 0.34 0.84 0.48 0.34 1.0 0.38 0.90 0.65 SXT 0.12 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 3.7 > 5
SM 2.00 1.5 > 5 1.0 > 5 1.6 1.0 > 5 > 5 1.3 LXX 2.40 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 2.4 0.009 1.0 2.1 0.11
KA 2.40 1.1 > 5 > 5 0.69 3.3 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 MLN 0.40 0.25 0.43 0.18 0.79 0.27 0.13 0.31 0.50 0.34
AD 2.00 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 SFI 0.32 0.08 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.15 0.07 0.05 0.11 0.05
SK 2.00 1.4 1.7 2.6 2.4 1.9 2.2 1.2 1.6 1.6 ZSM 0.08 0.60 - 1.43 1.42 0.72 0.52 0.97 0.42 0.70
BOE 0.60 > 5 > 5 2.3 > 5 > 5 1.1 > 5 > 5 > 5 XZL 0.20 1.1 - > 5 > 5 > 5 1.4 1.3 > 5 1.8
DH 1.60 0.29 0.29 0.59 0.42 0.30 0.35 0.29 0.38 0.28 HCS 0.40 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5 > 5
XYP 0.40 > 5 > 5 2.5 > 5 0.4 3.3 1.3 2.6 1.3 EGBL 1.00 2.2 4.2 1.1 > 5 3.3 > 5 1.5 0.6 1.5
BGZ 0.08 0.01 0.3 0.6 2.4 2.1 1.1 1.2 2.0 0.53 EBI 1.60 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.9 2.2 1.5 1.0 1.5 0.9
), ArticleFig(id=1208478657757168429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample
name		 CMDD
/mg·mL-1		 IC50/mg·mL-1
1A2 2A6 2C9 2D6 3A4 2B6 2C8 2E1 2C19
DSDFSY 0.04 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08
YQFM 1.04 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08
XST 0.10 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20
SYI 0.02 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04
CCPI 0.048 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096
GGS 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80
OSI 0.02 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04
SHL 0.24 0.049 0.188 0.192 0.445 0.162 0.387 0.157 0.174 0.153
BVP 0.01 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 0.004
GGE 0.02 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04
LHI 0.016 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032
APCI 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05
PDSI 0.16 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32
XST 0.08 > 0.16 > 0.16 > 0.16 > 0.16 0.137 0.121 > 0.16 > 0.16 > 0.16
SAI 0.004 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008
), ArticleFig(id=1208478657903969095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1208402457747636394, language=CN, label=Table 5, caption=

IC50 values for P450 enzyme inhibition by the powder injection investigated

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample
name		 CMDD
/mg·mL-1		 IC50/mg·mL-1
1A2 2A6 2C9 2D6 3A4 2B6 2C8 2E1 2C19
DSDFSY 0.04 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08 > 0.08
YQFM 1.04 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08 > 2.08
XST 0.10 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20 > 0.20
SYI 0.02 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04
CCPI 0.048 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096 > 0.096
GGS 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80 > 0.80
OSI 0.02 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04
SHL 0.24 0.049 0.188 0.192 0.445 0.162 0.387 0.157 0.174 0.153
BVP 0.01 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 > 0.02 0.004
GGE 0.02 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04 > 0.04
LHI 0.016 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032 > 0.032
APCI 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05
PDSI 0.16 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32 > 0.32
XST 0.08 > 0.16 > 0.16 > 0.16 > 0.16 0.137 0.121 > 0.16 > 0.16 > 0.16
SAI 0.004 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008 > 0.008
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体外系统性评价79种中药注射剂对9种人细胞色素P450酶的抑制作用
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姜波 1 , 石美智 1 , 陈君君 1 , 杨姣 1 , 张科之 2 , 郭澄 *, 1 , 韩永龙 *, 1
药学学报 | 研究论文 2021,56(1): 274-282
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2021, 56(1): 274-282
体外系统性评价79种中药注射剂对9种人细胞色素P450酶的抑制作用
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姜波1, 石美智1, 陈君君1, 杨姣1, 张科之2, 郭澄*, 1 , 韩永龙*, 1
作者信息
  • 1.上海交通大学附属第六人民医院药剂科, 上海 200233
  • 2.科志康医药科技有限公司, 广东 佛山 528000

通讯作者:

*郭澄, Tel: 86-21-24058098, E-mail:
韩永龙, Tel: 86-21-38297199, E-mail:
In vitro inhibition by 79 herb injectables of nine human cytochrome P450 isoenzymes: a systematic evaluation of herb-drug interactions
Bo JIANG1, Mei-zhi SHI1, Jun-jun CHEN1, Jiao YANG1, Ke-zhi ZHANG2, Cheng GUO*, 1 , Yong-long HAN*, 1
Affiliations
  • 1. Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
  • 2. KG Pharma Limited, Foshan 528000, China
出版时间: 2021-01-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1338
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摘要
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中药注射剂在临床经常与化学药物联用治疗多种复杂疾病, 但其中药-药物的相互作用还没有得到充分的研究, 有时甚至被临床忽视。本文研究国家食品药品监督管理局批准的79种中药注射剂, 评价它们对人体药物代谢酶-细胞色素P450 (CYP450)的潜在抑制作用。使用9种人CYP450s (包括CYP1A、CYP2A6、CYP2B6、CYP2C8、CYP2C9、CYP2C19、CYP2D6、CYP2E1和CYP3A)、特异性底物和中药注射剂共同孵育, 使用灵敏度、准确度高的液相串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)对探针形成的代谢产物进行定量分析, 评价79种中药注射剂对CYP450的体外抑制作用。在79种中药注射液中, 当在中药注射液5%(v/v)和注射用粉针剂2倍日最大使用剂量换算浓度CMDD(mg·mL-1)筛选时有37种中药注射剂对CYP1A、24种中药注射剂对CYP2A6、41种中药注射剂对CYP2B6、36种中药注射剂对CYP2C9、41种中药注射剂对CYP2C19、41种中药注射剂对CYP2D6、25种中药注射剂对CYP2E1和42种中药注射剂对CYP3A表现出50%的抑制率或更强的抑制作用。在预孵育或与人肝微粒体共孵育30 min后, 观察到2种中药注射剂对CYP1A、5种中药注射剂对CYP2A6、5种中药注射剂对CYP2B6、6种中药注射剂对CYP2C8、1种中药注射剂对CYP2D6、6种中药注射剂对CYP3A呈现时间依赖性抑制(TDI)作用。结果表明, 中药注射剂存在基于CYP450的中药-药物相互作用及时间依赖性的中药-药物相互作用, 需要临床医生用药提高警惕。

中药注射剂  /  细胞色素P450  /  抑制作用  /  中药-药物相互作用

Seventy-nine injectable herb extractions have been approved by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration(CFDA) and are frequently administered intravenously for various diseases. Unfortunately, herb-drug interactions are under-investigated and sometimes overlooked in the clinic. In the present investigation the in vitro inhibition of 9 drug metabolizing enzymes including CYP1A, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, and CYP3A was assessed using an appropriate probe substrate for each enzyme with human liver microsomes. Metabolite formation was quantified using a validated and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) assay. The IC50 of each herb extract was estimated using a concentration range from 5% to 0.5%, and the time-dependent inhibition of the nine CYP450 isoenzymes was also determined. Of the 79 approved iv herb injectables, 37 inhibited CYP1A, 24 inhibited CYP2A6, 41 inhibited CYP2B6, 36 inhibited CYP2C8, 31 inhibited CYP2C9, 41 inhibited CYP2C19, 13 inhibited CYP2D6, 25 inhibited CYP2E1, and 42 inhibited CYP3A with 50% or greater inhibition at a test concentration of 5%(v/v). IC50 differences were noted between pre-incubation or co-incubation assays with HLM for 30 min, with the time-dependent inhibitory(TDI) effects were observed with 2 injectables on CYP1A, 5 injectables on CYP2A6, 5 injectables on CYP2B6, 6 injectables on CYP2C8, 1 injectable on CYP2D6 and 6 injectables on CYP3A. Collectively, the results demonstrate that potential herb-drug interactions(HDIs) can occur with the concomitant use of herb injectables and prescription drugs that are cleared by CYP450 enzymes, and further investigation is warrant for the clinical relevance of these interactions.

herb extract injectables  /  cytochrome P450  /  inhibition  /  herb-drug interaction
姜波, 石美智, 陈君君, 杨姣, 张科之, 郭澄, 韩永龙. 体外系统性评价79种中药注射剂对9种人细胞色素P450酶的抑制作用. 药学学报, 2021 , 56 (1) : 274 -282 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1338
Bo JIANG, Mei-zhi SHI, Jun-jun CHEN, Jiao YANG, Ke-zhi ZHANG, Cheng GUO, Yong-long HAN. In vitro inhibition by 79 herb injectables of nine human cytochrome P450 isoenzymes: a systematic evaluation of herb-drug interactions[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2021 , 56 (1) : 274 -282 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1338
正文
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中药注射剂是在中医理论指导下, 从天然草药中提取有效物质并生产为无菌溶液、悬浮液或无菌粉末等制剂[1]。中药注射剂常被认为药理作用机制具有“多组分、多靶点”的特点, 并且在生物利用度和治疗效果上优于传统的口服制剂[2]。中药注射剂常常与化学药联合使用治疗各种复杂疾病, 具有增强或协同的作用。中药注射剂在临床的使用率逐渐增长, 到目前为止我国共有121种中药注射剂获得国家食品药品监督管理局(CFDA)的批准[3], 并有5种中药注射剂被列入2015年版中国药典。但是中药注射剂药品说明书中关于药物相互作用的内容几近空白, 无法预知和预测中药注射剂与其他化学药物联合用药时的安全性和有效性, 存在着严重的用药安全隐患, 关于药物相互作用的内容亟需完善[4]。
细胞色素P450 (cytochrome P450, CYP450)是人体内主要的代谢酶系统之一, 在外源、内源性物质的氧化代谢过程中起着重要作用。Ⅰ相代谢酶中CYP2C19、CYP2D6、CYP3A、CYP2E1和CYP2C9, 代谢约90%的市场上的药物[5, 6]。CYP3A在肝脏中表达最为丰富, 约占代谢药物的34%, 其次是CYP2D6占19%, CYP2C8和CYP2C9占16%, CYP2C19和CYP1A2占8%。CYP450s的抑制可能导致严重的药物相互作用(drug-drug interaction, DDI), 许多处方药由于对CYP450同工酶的显著抑制, 导致严重的临床相互作用而退出市场。中药注射剂与处方药同时使用会产生严重的不良中药-药物相互作用(herb-drug interaction, HDI), 特别是由于CYP450s的抑制, 这种相互作用也逐渐引起了人们的广泛关注[7, 8]。与其他临床处方药合用时, 如果处方药安全窗较宽, 相互作用可能在临床上无关紧要, 即暴露量的增加不会导致不良的DDI。相反, 如果处方药的安全窗较窄(如华法林[9]、地高辛), 则抑制CYP450会增加药物在血液中的暴露量, 出现中毒症状甚至导致致命的相互作用。目前关于中药注射剂对CYP450s抑制作用的数据还远远不够, 因此阐明中药注射剂与化学药物之间潜在的HDI, 使中药注射剂安全、有效地使用就变得非常重要。
本研究针对人体重要的9种药物代谢酶CYP1A、CYP2A6、CYP2B6、CYP2C8、CYP2C9、CYP2C19、CYP2D6、CYP2E1和CYP3A, 在体外系统地评价与中药注射剂有关的潜在的DDI, 测定其对药物代谢酶的潜在抑制作用, 特别是进行了时间依赖性抑制作用(TDI)研究。希望本研究能够为临床医生提供重要的实验数据, 在临床药物的使用中避免严重的DDI。
材料与方法
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试剂和材料  人肝微粒体(HLMs, 美国XenoTech公司, 产品编号1210223);临床常用的79种中药注射剂的批号、生产厂家见表 1; 非那西丁、香豆素、1-氨基苯并三唑(ABT)、安非他酮、阿莫地喹、双氯芬酸、S-美芬妥英、右美沙芬、氯唑沙宗、睾酮、奎尼丁(QRT)、α-萘黄酮、反苯环丙胺(TLM)、噻氯匹定、7-羟基香豆素、N-desethylamodiquine、右啡烷、羟基安非他酮、NADPH、6β-羟基睾酮, 葡萄糖6-磷酸(G-6-P)和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)(美国Sigma试剂公司); N-3-benzylnirvanol (BZV)、4-羟基双氯芬酸、4-羟基美芬妥英和6-羟基氯唑沙宗(加拿大多伦多化学研究公司); 双氯芬酸和氟康唑(日本东京化学工业株式会社); 酮康唑(上海思域化工科技有限公司); 苯妥英钠和槲皮素(美国Aladdin公司)。Milli-Q去离子水(美国Millipore公司)。色谱纯乙腈和甲醇(德国Merck公司)。
LC-MS/MS质谱条件  岛津Acquity UPLC液相系统串联AB Sciex API 4000三重四极杆质谱仪, 配备有电喷雾电离(ESI)源, 采用多反应监测模式。探针底物及代谢产物色谱分离使用色谱柱Phenomenex Synergi Hydro-RP C18 (30 mm×2 mm, 4μm), 柱温设置为25℃, 流速为0.4 mL·min-1。流动相由0.1%甲酸-水和0.1%甲酸-乙腈混合组成。液相色谱梯度洗脱程序见表 2, 目标代谢物采用多反应监测模式定量, LC-MS/MS参数见表 3。在ESI+模式下, 质谱仪的参数分别为碰撞气体(CAD)(10 kPa)、帘气(CUR)(35 kPa)、雾化气(GS1)(50 kPa)、涡轮气(GS2)(60 kPa)、离子喷射电压(5 500 V)、离子喷射温度(TEM)(500℃)、入口电位(EP)(10 V)、碰撞单元出口电位(CXP)(14 V)。在ESI-模式下, 质谱仪的参数分别为CAD(10 kPa)、CUR (30 kPa)、GS1 (50 kPa)、GS2 (60 kPa)、离子喷射电压(-4 500 V)和TEM (500℃)、EP (-10 V)、CXP (-14 V)。
CYP450s酶抑制实验  评价79种注射剂对9种CYP450的抑制作用使用体外孵育体系: HLM溶液(0.25 mg·mL-1) 40 μL; 受试品[中药注射液为50%和5%(v/v) 10 μL、注射用粉针剂使用20和2倍日最大使用剂量换算浓度(CMDD, mg·mL-1)]或阳性特异性抑制剂工作溶液[CYP450s酶的特定抑制剂ABT (CYP1A、CYP2C8、CYP2C9、CYP2E1和CYP3A)、QRT (CYP2D6)、TLM (CYP2A6)和BZV (CYP2C19和CYP2B6) 10 μL, 使用DMSO配置成10 mg·mL-1的溶液, 使用PBS稀释成10 000、1 000、100和30 μmol·L-1的工作液(DMSO的终浓度 < 0.5%)]; 底物[非那西汀(CYP1A2) 60 μmol·L-1、香豆素(CYP2A6) 10 μmol·L-1、安非他酮(CYP2B6)20 μmol·L-1、阿莫地喹(CYP2C8) 20 μmol·L-1、双氯芬酸(CYP2C9) 20 μmol·L-1、S-美芬妥英(CYP2C19)160 μmol·L-1、右美沙芬(CYP2D6) 20 μmol·L-1、氯唑沙宗(CYP2E1) 160 μmol·L-1和睾酮(CYP3A4) 40 μmol·L-1]10 μL, 在37℃预孵育10 min。最后加入NADPH再生系统(3.0 mmol·L-1NADPH、6.0 mmol·L-1G-6-P、3 U·mL-1G-6-PDH和7.2 mmol·L-1MgCl2) 40 μL, 配置成混合溶液100 μL, 启动反应孵育10或20 min (CYP2C19)。最后用含甲苯磺丁酰胺(内标) 100 ng·mL-1的冰乙腈溶液200 μL终止反应。然后14 000×g离心20 min, 上清液与2倍体积的水混合, 吸取10 μL进行LC-MS/MS分析。检测的代谢产物分别为对乙酰氨基酚、7-羟基香豆素、羟基安非他酮、N-脱乙酰基阿莫地喹、4-羟基双氯芬酸、4-羟基美芬妥英、O-去甲右美沙芬、6-羟基氯唑沙宗和6β-羟基睾酮。CYP450s酶活性抑制程度由公式计算: 抑制率%=(1-Ainjection/Avehicle)×100%, 其中A为测定探针代谢产物与内标的峰面积的比值。
中药注射剂IC50值  中药注射液工作液50%(v/v)按照3倍, 系列稀释得到50%、16.67%、5.556%、1.852%、0.617%、0.206%、0.069%和0.023%;注射用粉针剂由2CMDD按照3倍的稀释倍数系列稀释得到8个浓度的中药注射液溶液用于CYP450s酶抑制实验, IC50值使用GraphPad Prism 5.0 (San Diego, CA, USA)进行非线性回归分析计算, 估算50%抑制作用的抑制剂浓度(IC50值), 其中Y=100/[(1+XˆHillSlope)/(IC50ˆHillSlope)]。
TDI抑制判别实验  采用共孵育与预孵育实验确定中药注射液是否为TDI型的抑制剂, 预孵育反应混合物由人肝微粒体(0.25 mg·mL-1)、NADPH再生系统组成, 在0.1 mmol·L-1磷酸钾缓冲液(pH 7.4)中, 用中药注射液预培养30 min, 然后添加特定底物并进一步孵育10或20 min。最后用含甲苯磺丁酰胺(内标) 100 ng·mL-1的冰乙腈溶液200 μL终止反应。然后14 000×g离心20 min, 上清液与2倍体积的水混合, 吸取10 μL进行LC-MS/MS分析。酶活性(%)根据有无活度损失计算: 活性损失率%=[(Ainjection/Avehicle)-NADPH-(Ainjection/Avehicle)+NADPH]×100%。
数据分析  实验重复2次, 所有数值均以Mean±SD表示。使用SPSS 22.0统计学软件进行统计分析, 各组数据均为计量资料。对数据进行正态性和方差齐性分析, 然后使用Dunnett's检验来确定实验组与对照组的平均值的显著性差异, 显著性标准均为P < 0.05。
结果
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1 药注射剂对CYP450s的抑制作用
79种中药注射剂中, 中药注射液选择终浓度为5%和0.5%(v/v)、中药注射用粉针剂使用2和0.2倍CMDD(mg·mL-1)作为CYP450s抑制实验的初筛浓度对9种CYP450活性的抑制作用进行初步研究。初步筛选结果用直方图表示为相对空白组的百分比(100%), 见图 1。ABT、QRT、TLM和BZV等阳性药物的酶抑制活性均在85%及以上。结果显示, 在实验浓度为5%(v/v)时, 79种中药注射液中有37种中药注射剂对CYP1A、24种中药注射剂对CYP2A6、41种中药注射剂对CYP2B6、36种中药注射剂对CYP2C9、41种中药注射剂对CYP2C19、41种中药注射剂对CYP2D6、25种中药注射剂对CYP2E1和42种中药注射剂对CYP3A表现出50%或更大的抑制作用。在实验浓度为0.5%(v/v)时, 3种中药注射剂(SX、BGZ和SFI)对CYP1A的抑制率分别为73.2%、87.5%和72.3%;3种中药注射剂(XD、BGZ和SFI)对CYP2A6的抑制率分别为64.4%、52.5%和73.2%, 6种中药注射剂(SX、XD、YMG、XML、LXX和SFI)对CYP2B6的抑制率分别为55.5%、58.3%、51.1%、72.6%、96.3%和91.0%;5种中药注射剂(XD、GXN、XML、MLN和SFI)对CYP2C8的抑制率分别为61.5%、55.3%、56.2%、59.1%和94.7%, 1种中药注射剂(SFI)对CYP2C9的抑制率为94.2%;7种中药注射剂(SX、XD、BGZ、GXN、YXDM、LXX、SFI)对CYP2C19的抑制率分别为51.3%、71.5%、68.2%、59.4%、60.1%、74.0%和87.2%;2种中药注射剂(XML、SFI)对CYP2D6的抑制率分别为70.2%和81.5%;1种中药注射剂(GKL)对CYP2E1的抑制率为56%, 6种中药注射剂(GYN、XD、GXN、YXDM、MLN和SFI)对CYP3A的抑制率分别为55.2%、57.3%、60.2%、75.4%、54.3%和83.4%。
2 中药注射剂IC50值
在79种中药注射剂中, 20种中药注射剂对CYP1A、13种中药注射剂对CYP2A6、15种中药注射剂对CYP2B6、16种中药注射剂对CYP2C8、12种中药注射剂对CYP2C19、16种中药注射剂对CYP2D6、12种中药注射剂对CYP2E1、20种中药注射剂对CYP3A抑制率为50%的计算浓度低于根据每日最大剂量计算的最大浓度。各中药注射剂的IC50值详见表 4 (注射液针剂)和表 5 (冻干粉针剂)。
3 时间依赖性实验
比较共孵育30 min与预孵育实验的CYP450各亚型酶的活性, SF、SHM对CYP1A的酶活性损失值在浓度为5%时分别为21.2%、26.5%, 在浓度为0.5%时分别为11.7%、22.1%;CH、BOE、BGZ、SF、SHM对CYP2A6的酶活性损失值在浓度为5%时分别为66.0%、41.6%、11.1%、10.1%、44.9%, 在浓度为0.5%时分别为25.4%、30.5%、37.3%、42.3%、40.5%;XAP、SM、BGZ、SF、BOE对CYP2B6的酶活性损失值在浓度为5%时分别为6.8%、8.4%、4.7%、21.7%、22.9%, 在浓度为0.5%时分别为13.8%、20.5%、31.0%、39.1%、19.7%;FTN、WT、BOE、SF、GT、SHM对CYP2C8的酶活性损失值在浓度为5%时分别为15.6%、28.4%、22.6%、23.1%、33.5%、17.9%, 在浓度为0.5%时分别为37.6%、38.8%、7.1%、8.7%、17.5%、35.5%;BGZ对CYP2D6的酶活性损失值在浓度为5%时为25.1%, 在浓度为0.5%时为33.1%;BGZ、SXN、SF、LXX、XZL、EGBL对CYP3A的酶活性损失值在浓度为5%时分别为26.8%、10.4%、21.1%、28.9%、55.7%、24.0%, 在浓度为0.5%时为22.1%、29.1%、28.1%、29.0%、17.0%、30.2%。这些中药注射剂酶活性抑制率的测定结果均呈现时间依赖性, 见图 2。
讨论
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中药注射剂多为复方制剂, 其成分相对较复杂, 如双黄连注射剂[10]、苦参碱注射液[11]等。中药注射剂发挥药效的物质基础还是化学单体, 这些化学物质的体内过程也是要通过CYP450代谢[12]、排泄出体外[13], 对CYP450也存在抑制或诱导的作用[14]。由CYP450的抑制或诱导引起的HDI, 已成为临床常见的问题。CYP450是体内外潜在DDI研究的热点, CYP450混合孵育体系常常被用作体外预测DDI或HDI的常用工具。然而, 实验室间所具备的实验条件、特异性探针底物选择的差异常常会导致室间评估结果的不同。在这项研究中, 在一个孵育体系中系统评估这些中药注射剂对9种CYP450s的抑制能力, 为平行地比较各注射剂的抑制强度提供实验数据支持。
国内外学者预测中药注射剂对CYP450的抑制或诱导作用的研究越来越多, 中药注射剂抑制作用的评价不像单体化合物一样有确切的摩尔质量数, 但是其给药方式为静脉滴注, 很多学者使用人体的血浆容量5 L进行体积比浓度(v/v)估算研究, 推动了临床上中药注射液与其他药物联合使用的科学性和合理性[15, 16]。并且在作者前期的研究中发现, 灯盏细辛注射液(EBI)体外抑制CYP3A的实验结果IC50和Ki值分别为0.4%和0.24%, 使用最大允许日剂量(40~80 mL)进行初步估算为0.8%~1.6%, 大鼠体内研究进一步证实EBI对咪达唑仑药代动力学具有显著的影响[17]。作者认为在使用临床剂量治疗后, 人体可能会出现抑制。因此, 本研究中药注射液选择终浓度为5%和0.5%(v/v)、中药注射用粉针剂使用2和0.2倍CMDD(mg·mL-1)作为CYP450s抑制实验的初筛浓度, 尽可能模拟体内血浆药物浓度。
对于评价的79种中药注射剂, 按照其对CYP450亚型抑制的IC50值与体内预估计的体积比浓度的比值, 一些注射剂发生HDI的可能性较高。如血必净注射液、丹红注射液、香丹注射液、冠心宁注射液、丹参酮Ⅱ注射液、灯盏花素注射液等潜在的抑制作用值得临床警惕, 这也与文献报道的相一致[15]。
TDI类型的DDI预测更具有隐蔽性和挑战性, 母体药物必须经历一系列的代谢转化, 最终与CYP450作用发挥抑制作用[18]。在本研究中, 5%浓度的几种中药注射剂在共孵体系中的抑制作用不明显, 如CH、BOE和SHM对CYP2A6的抑制作用, BOE对CYP2B6的抑制作用, GT对CYP2C8的抑制作用, XZL对CYP3A的抑制作用。但是当分别与HLM预孵育和共孵育30 min后, 比较两组CYP450活性, TDI抑制作用就区分出来了。与可逆性抑制相比, TDIs在临床上可引起更严重的药物安全问题, 是非常危险的。因此, 医生应该更加警惕这些通过代谢抑制CYP450引起临床药物相互作用的中药注射剂。
目前, 对于中药注射剂HDI多采用体积百分比浓度的评价方式, 由于中药注射剂不能完全阐明化学物质的百分含量, 抑制、诱导作用多是综合作用的结果。另外中药注射剂体外的成分在一定程度上, 与体内的浓度也存在差异。利用高灵敏度的分析仪器阐明中药注射剂中发挥CYP450酶抑制作用的成分及具有CYP450酶时间依赖性的成分, 是当前HDI研究的前沿热点[19], 也是下一步实验研究工作的重要内容。但是, 体外预测在一定的研究阶段能起到预警、预测的效果, 随着科学技术的发展, 基于CYP450s的DDI的信息将会越来越多, 评价也将越来越科学。
作者贡献: 韩永龙与郭澄教授为本研究的组织者, 姜波、石美智与张科之为本研究内容的实验者, 陈君君与杨姣为本文撰写和数据处理提供咨询与帮助。
利益冲突: 本文研究内容不存在任何利益冲突。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(81773949)
  • 上海市浦东新区科技发展基金民生科研专项资金医疗卫生项目(PKJ2017-Y07)
  • 上海市浦东新区科技发展基金民生科研专项资金医疗卫生项目(PKJ2019-Y04)
  • 上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会科研项目(PW2017E-2)
  • 上海市卫生和计划生育委员会科研项目(20174Y0023)
  • 上海健康医学院师资人才百人库项目(B3-0200-20-311008-02)
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参考文献 引证文献
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2021年第56卷第1期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1338
  • 接收时间：2020-08-15
  • 首发时间：2025-12-18
  • 出版时间：2021-01-12
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  • 收稿日期：2020-08-15
  • 修回日期：2020-10-14
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81773949)
上海市浦东新区科技发展基金民生科研专项资金医疗卫生项目(PKJ2017-Y07)
上海市浦东新区科技发展基金民生科研专项资金医疗卫生项目(PKJ2019-Y04)
上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会科研项目(PW2017E-2)
上海市卫生和计划生育委员会科研项目(20174Y0023)
上海健康医学院师资人才百人库项目(B3-0200-20-311008-02)
作者信息
    1.上海交通大学附属第六人民医院药剂科, 上海 200233
    2.科志康医药科技有限公司, 广东 佛山 528000

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*郭澄, Tel: 86-21-24058098, E-mail:
韩永龙, Tel: 86-21-38297199, E-mail:
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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