Article(id=1201158417755894636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1201158414379479837, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0587, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1683475200000, receivedDateStr=2023-05-08, revisedDate=1692633600000, revisedDateStr=2023-08-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764308083236, onlineDateStr=2025-11-28, pubDate=1707667200000, pubDateStr=2024-02-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764308083236, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764308083236, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764308083236, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1201158414379479837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2024', volume='59', issue='2', pageStart='269', pageEnd='492', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764308082432, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764308181123, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1201158828365669286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1201158414379479837, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1201158828365669287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1201158414379479837, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=482, endPage=488, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1201158418120799104, articleId=1201158417755894636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Cloning and gene functional analysis study of dynamin-related protein GeDRP1E gene in Gastrodia elata, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The gene GeDRP1E encoding dynamin-related protein 1E in Gastrodia elata was cloned by specific primers which were designed based on the transcriptome data of G. elata. Bioinformatics analysis on GeDRP1E gene was carried out by using ExPASy, ClustalW, MEGA, etc. Positive transgenic Arabidopsis plant and potato minituber were obtained with the genetic transformation system of Arabidopsis and potato. The plant height and seed setting rate of transgenic Arabidopsis, and agronomic characters, such as size, weight and starch content of potato minituber of transgenic potato were tested and analyzed. And GeDRP1E gene function was preliminarily investigated. The results showed that the open reading frame of GeDRP1E gene was 1 899 bp in length and 632 amino acids residues were encoded, with a relative molecular weight of 69.90 kDa and a molecular formula of C3079H4973N883O933S19. It was predicted that the theoretical isoelectric point was 7.27, the instability coefficient was 43.34, and the average hydrophilicity index was -0.259, which was indicative of an unstable hydrophilic protein. GeDRP1E has no transmembrane structure and signal peptide, and was localized in the cytoplasm. The phylogenetic tree showed that GeDRP1E was highly homologous with DRP1E proteins of other plant species, among which GeDRP1E had the highest homology with DcDRP1E (XP_020689662.1) in Dendrobium candidum, reaching 90.05%. GeDRP1E plant expression vector pCambia1300-35Spro-GeDRP1E was constructed by double digests, and Arabidopsis complementary mutant and potato overexpression strain of GeDRP1E gene were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation. Compared with the Arabidopsis AtDRP1E mutant, the height and seed setting rate of the GeDRP1E complementation mutant were rescued. The minituber of GeDRP1E overexpression potato had larger size, heavier weight and higher starch content, comparing to wild-type potato. It was preliminarily induced that GeDRP1E was involved in mitochondrial morphology regulation, which related to the growth and development of Arabidopsis plants and potato miniature. The research results laid a foundation for further elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the growth and development of G. elata tuber development.

, correspAuthors=Yuan YUAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xin FAN, Jian-hao ZHAO, Yu-chao CHEN, Zhong-yi HUA, Tian-rui LIU, Yu-yang ZHAO, Yuan YUAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1201158419714634738, articleId=1201158417755894636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=天麻动力相关蛋白GeDRP1E基因的克隆及功能初探, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

基于天麻转录组数据, 设计特异引物, 克隆天麻DRP1E (dynamin-related protein 1E) 基因, 命名为GeDRP1E (GenBase登录号为C_AA018577.1), 借助ExPASy、ClustalW、MEGA等软件对基因进行生物信息学分析, 利用拟南芥、马铃薯遗传转化体系获得转基因植株, 并对转基因拟南芥株高、结实率, 转基因马铃薯微型薯的块茎长、宽、重量和淀粉含量等农艺性状进行检测和分析, 初步解析GeDRP1E基因的功能。结果显示, GeDRP1E基因ORF全长1 899 bp、编码632个氨基酸残基, 相对分子质量为69.90 kDa, 分子式为C3079H4973N883O933S19; 理论等电点为7.27, 不稳定系数为43.34, 亲水性平均指数为-0.259, 预测属于不稳定亲水性蛋白。GeDRP1E不存在跨膜结构, 无信号肽, 定位于细胞质。系统进化树显示, GeDRP1E与其他种类植物DRP1E蛋白之间具有较高的同源性, 其中与铁皮石斛DcDRP1E (XP_020689662.1) 同源性最高, 为90.05%。运用双酶切法构建植物表达载体pCambia1300-35Spro-GeDRP1E, 并通过农杆菌介导转化法获得了GeDRP1E基因的拟南芥互补突变体、马铃薯过表达株系。与拟南芥AtDRP1E基因突变体相比, GeDRP1E基因互补突变体株高、结实率表型得以恢复。与野生型马铃薯相比, GeDRP1E基因过表达株系微型薯体积、重量显著增大, 淀粉含量显著增高。初步推测GeDRP1E很可能参与调节线粒体的形态, 从而影响拟南芥植株、马铃薯微型薯的生长发育。上述研究结果为深入阐明天麻块茎生长发育的分子机制奠定了基础。

, correspAuthors=袁媛, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*袁媛, Tel: 86-10-64087649, E-mail:
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Wild: Wild-type of <i>Arabidopsis</i>; <i>drple</i>: Homozygous mutant of <i>Arabidopsis</i>; <i>GeDRP1E</i>/<i>drp1e</i>: Complementary mutant of <i>Arabidopsis</i>. A: 16 days after transplant; B: 24 days after transplant; C: 32 days after transplant; D: Variation in height over time in three strains of <i>Arabidopsis</i>; E: Setting rate of three strains of <i>Arabidopsis</i>. <i>n</i> = 6 (D, E), <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula"><tex-math id="M1">$ \overline{x} $</tex-math></span> ± SEM. <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05 , figureFileSmall=bn8JvIKQcpKD5xyT34+ASQ==, figureFileBig=yK/AI/w8r73gW3h2wYOm8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201158425179812295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417755894636, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=B3YL9Eig/IDZp6og9FF4pA==, figureFileBig=4nBp/K8JMv/i8iCtQ2gMFg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201158425284669900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417755894636, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= Phenotypic analysis of <i>GeDRP1E</i> transgenic and wild-type strains of micro potato. Wild-type: Wild-type of micro potato; Transgenic line: Transgenic line of micro potato. 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天麻动力相关蛋白GeDRP1E基因的克隆及功能初探
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樊鑫 1, 2, 3 , 赵建豪 2, 4 , 陈虞超 2, 3 , 华中一 2 , 刘天睿 2 , 赵玉洋 2 , 袁媛 1, 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2024,59(2): 482-488
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2024, 59(2): 482-488
天麻动力相关蛋白GeDRP1E基因的克隆及功能初探
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樊鑫1, 2, 3, 赵建豪2, 4, 陈虞超2, 3, 华中一2, 刘天睿2, 赵玉洋2, 袁媛1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.广东药科大学中药学院, 广东 广州 510006
  • 2.道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100700
  • 3.宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心, 宁夏 银川 750002
  • 4.江苏大学药学院, 江苏 镇江 212013

通讯作者:

*袁媛, Tel: 86-10-64087649, E-mail:
Cloning and gene functional analysis study of dynamin-related protein GeDRP1E gene in Gastrodia elata
Xin FAN1, 2, 3, Jian-hao ZHAO2, 4, Yu-chao CHEN2, 3, Zhong-yi HUA2, Tian-rui LIU2, Yu-yang ZHAO2, Yuan YUAN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • 2. National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China
  • 3. Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China
  • 4. School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
出版时间: 2024-02-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0587
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基于天麻转录组数据, 设计特异引物, 克隆天麻DRP1E (dynamin-related protein 1E) 基因, 命名为GeDRP1E (GenBase登录号为C_AA018577.1), 借助ExPASy、ClustalW、MEGA等软件对基因进行生物信息学分析, 利用拟南芥、马铃薯遗传转化体系获得转基因植株, 并对转基因拟南芥株高、结实率, 转基因马铃薯微型薯的块茎长、宽、重量和淀粉含量等农艺性状进行检测和分析, 初步解析GeDRP1E基因的功能。结果显示, GeDRP1E基因ORF全长1 899 bp、编码632个氨基酸残基, 相对分子质量为69.90 kDa, 分子式为C3079H4973N883O933S19; 理论等电点为7.27, 不稳定系数为43.34, 亲水性平均指数为-0.259, 预测属于不稳定亲水性蛋白。GeDRP1E不存在跨膜结构, 无信号肽, 定位于细胞质。系统进化树显示, GeDRP1E与其他种类植物DRP1E蛋白之间具有较高的同源性, 其中与铁皮石斛DcDRP1E (XP_020689662.1) 同源性最高, 为90.05%。运用双酶切法构建植物表达载体pCambia1300-35Spro-GeDRP1E, 并通过农杆菌介导转化法获得了GeDRP1E基因的拟南芥互补突变体、马铃薯过表达株系。与拟南芥AtDRP1E基因突变体相比, GeDRP1E基因互补突变体株高、结实率表型得以恢复。与野生型马铃薯相比, GeDRP1E基因过表达株系微型薯体积、重量显著增大, 淀粉含量显著增高。初步推测GeDRP1E很可能参与调节线粒体的形态, 从而影响拟南芥植株、马铃薯微型薯的生长发育。上述研究结果为深入阐明天麻块茎生长发育的分子机制奠定了基础。

天麻  /  DRP1E基因  /  遗传转化  /  功能分析  /  块茎发育

The gene GeDRP1E encoding dynamin-related protein 1E in Gastrodia elata was cloned by specific primers which were designed based on the transcriptome data of G. elata. Bioinformatics analysis on GeDRP1E gene was carried out by using ExPASy, ClustalW, MEGA, etc. Positive transgenic Arabidopsis plant and potato minituber were obtained with the genetic transformation system of Arabidopsis and potato. The plant height and seed setting rate of transgenic Arabidopsis, and agronomic characters, such as size, weight and starch content of potato minituber of transgenic potato were tested and analyzed. And GeDRP1E gene function was preliminarily investigated. The results showed that the open reading frame of GeDRP1E gene was 1 899 bp in length and 632 amino acids residues were encoded, with a relative molecular weight of 69.90 kDa and a molecular formula of C3079H4973N883O933S19. It was predicted that the theoretical isoelectric point was 7.27, the instability coefficient was 43.34, and the average hydrophilicity index was -0.259, which was indicative of an unstable hydrophilic protein. GeDRP1E has no transmembrane structure and signal peptide, and was localized in the cytoplasm. The phylogenetic tree showed that GeDRP1E was highly homologous with DRP1E proteins of other plant species, among which GeDRP1E had the highest homology with DcDRP1E (XP_020689662.1) in Dendrobium candidum, reaching 90.05%. GeDRP1E plant expression vector pCambia1300-35Spro-GeDRP1E was constructed by double digests, and Arabidopsis complementary mutant and potato overexpression strain of GeDRP1E gene were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation. Compared with the Arabidopsis AtDRP1E mutant, the height and seed setting rate of the GeDRP1E complementation mutant were rescued. The minituber of GeDRP1E overexpression potato had larger size, heavier weight and higher starch content, comparing to wild-type potato. It was preliminarily induced that GeDRP1E was involved in mitochondrial morphology regulation, which related to the growth and development of Arabidopsis plants and potato miniature. The research results laid a foundation for further elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the growth and development of G. elata tuber development.

Gastrodia elata  /  DRP1E gene  /  genetic transformation  /  functional analysis  /  tuber development
樊鑫, 赵建豪, 陈虞超, 华中一, 刘天睿, 赵玉洋, 袁媛. 天麻动力相关蛋白GeDRP1E基因的克隆及功能初探. 药学学报, 2024 , 59 (2) : 482 -488 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0587
Xin FAN, Jian-hao ZHAO, Yu-chao CHEN, Zhong-yi HUA, Tian-rui LIU, Yu-yang ZHAO, Yuan YUAN. Cloning and gene functional analysis study of dynamin-related protein GeDRP1E gene in Gastrodia elata[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2024 , 59 (2) : 482 -488 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0587
天麻(Gastrodia elata) 又名赤箭、定风草、独摇芝, 是兰科Orchidaceae多年生天麻属Gastrodia寄生异养草本植物, 无根, 不能进行光合作用, 须与伞菌目Agaricales真菌蜜环菌Armillaria sp.形成菌根共生来完成其生命活动[1-4]。天麻以其干燥块茎入药, 性甘、平, 归肝经, 属于名贵中药材, 具有息风止痉、平抑肝阳、祛风通络等功效, 应用广泛, 市场需求旺盛[5-8]。传统上认为, “酱瓜形”是天麻药材“优形”重要指标, 而“酱瓜形”与天麻块茎形态建成密切关联[9-13]
植物胞质分裂和细胞扩张过程中的膜运输在植物形态发生的过程中发挥重要作用, 其中参与膜运输的蛋白主要包括动力蛋白和动力相关蛋白等[14-16]。动力相关蛋白种类较多, 参与的生物学过程也较多, 其中, DRP等蛋白参与线粒体形态的调节[17, 18]。而其中, DRP1亚家族被认为通过依赖蛋白的内吞作用在细胞质分裂、细胞扩张、细胞生长和细胞壁/质膜生物合成中发挥重要作用[19-22]DRP1基因家族由5个高度相关的成员组成, 即DRP1ADRP1E, DRP1E是动力蛋白家族的重要组成[23]。目前, 有关DRP1E研究报道较少, Kang等[24]发现AtDRP1E在胞质分裂过程中与细胞板相关, 在拟南芥不同发育阶段维持质膜和细胞壁完整性的过程中发挥重要作用; Jin等[25]发现AtDRP1E基因的T-DNA插入突变会导致线粒体的异常伸长, AtDRP1E可能在植物细胞线粒体分裂中起关键作用; Goh等[26]发现AtDRP1E拟南芥突变体植株和野生型生长状况及光合活性相似, 表型形态亦无差异, 但AtDRP1E基因突变会使叶片吸氧量增加; Minami等[27]发现DRP1E蛋白在冷驯化过程中多积累在鞘脂和富含甾醇的质膜结构域中, 起到提升植物耐寒性的作用。
本课题组前期发现天麻线粒体结构及功能与其块茎生长发育密切相关, 但对参与线粒体形态结构调节的GeDRP1E基因揭示尚不充分。为此, 本文基于天麻基因组及转录组数据, 开展天麻GeDRP1E基因克隆及其生物信息学分析, 解析基因及其编码蛋白结构特性, 并利用拟南芥、马铃薯遗传转化体系对GeDRP1E基因的功能进行初步研究, 为深入阐明GeDRP1E基因功能奠定基础, 也为后期解析道地天麻“优形”形成机制以及分子育种奠定一定基础。
材料与试剂  新鲜天麻全株采自湖北省宜昌市夷陵区雾渡河镇秦家坪村(31°24′07″N, 111°16′68″E), 由中国中医科学院中药资源中心金艳副研究员鉴定; 马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum) 尤金品种由天津农业科学院许庆芬研究员惠赠; 拟南芥drp1e纯合突变体购于中国拟南芥突变体服务中心; Trizol (批号SPR00641) 购于赛默飞世尔科技有限公司; 快速DNA提取检测试剂盒(批号KG201101X) 购于北京天根生化科技有限公司; GV3101农杆菌感受态(批号AC1001) 购于北京华越洋生物科技有限公司; TransScriptⅡ First cDNA Synthesis Super (批号AM62057A) 反转录试剂盒购于日本TaKaRa公司; 丙二醛(MDA) 活性检测试剂盒(批号BC0025)、植物叶绿素活性检测试剂盒(批号BC0995)、脯氨酸(PRO) 活性检测试剂盒(批号BC0295)、过氧化氢(H2O2) 含量检测试剂盒(批号BC3595) 购于北京索莱宝科技有限公司。
仪器与设备  JA31002电子天平(上海精科天美科学仪器有限公司), 伯乐通用型Powerpac Universal电泳仪(美国Bio-Rad公司), Chemidoc MP凝胶成像仪(英国Syngene公司), Euroklav23VS+高压蒸汽灭菌锅(日本TOMY公司), LightCycler 480实时荧光定量PCR仪(瑞士Roche公司), Veriti 96 well Thermal CyclerPCR仪(美国ThermoFisher Scientific公司), Microfuge 20R高速冷冻离心机(德国Beckman Coulter公司), DHP-9032电热恒温培养箱(武汉市武昌实验仪器厂), JENWAY3510 PH计(英国金威公司)。
天麻GeDRP1E基因的克隆  采用Trizol法提取天麻块茎的总RNA, 分别利用Nanodrop微量分光光度计和琼脂糖凝胶电泳测定RNA浓度和分析RNA完整性, 利用TransScript Ⅱ First cDNA Synthesis Super反转录试剂盒合成cDNA, 依据天麻转录组中基因GeDRP1E的CDS序列, 利用Prime5.0软件设计基因全长扩增引物, 扩增引物: Forward primer: 5′-ATGTCGA CAATGGAGAGCTTGAT-3′, Reverse primer: 5′-TCA TCTGGCCCAAGAAACAGCTT-3′。PCR扩增体系: cDNA 1.5 μL、rTaq 0.5 μL、10×PCR Buffer 2.5 μL、dNTP (2.5 mmol·L-1) 1.5 μL、引物各(10 μmol·L-1) 1.0 μL、ddH2O 17 μL, 总体积25 μL。PCR反应程序: 94 ℃ 4 min, 35个循环: 94 ℃ 20 s、52 ℃ 20 s、72 ℃ 1 min, 72 ℃ 7 min, 12 ℃保存。利用1%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳对扩增产物进行电泳, 利用凝胶成像仪检测目的条带, 切下含有目的条带的胶块, 利用DNA回收试剂盒回收目的片段, 并连接到克隆载体上。将PCR扩增存在目的条带的菌液送北京睿博兴科生物技术有限公司测序, 测序正确即得阳性克隆。利用质粒小提试剂盒进行质粒提取, 获得携带目的基因的载体T-GeDRP1E
天麻GeDRP1E基因的生物信息学分析  利用ExPASy (http:web.Expas-y.org/protaram/) 对GeDRP1E编码氨基酸序列的数目、相对分子质量、理论等电点等系数进行预测。利用TMHMM server v2.0 (http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/TMHMM-2.0) 以及(http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/SignalP/) 分别对GeDRP1E编码蛋白跨膜域、信号肽、亚细胞定位进行预测[28, 29]。利用ClustalW对天麻GeDRP1E蛋白氨基酸序列与其同源蛋白进行比对。利用MEGA 6.0的neighbor-joining法构建系统进化树, bootstrap值为1 000。利用TBtools分析GeDRP1E家族保守motif。利用在线软件predictprotein (https://predictprotein.org/) 预测GeDRP1E蛋白的二级结构, 利用在线软件Phyre2 (http://www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk/~phyre2/html/page.cgi?id=index) 进行三维结构建模, 预测GeDRP1E蛋白质的三级结构。
植物表达载体构建及遗传转化  利用双酶切法将GeDRP1E基因重组到植物表达载体pCambia1300的KpnⅠ和SalⅠ克隆位点, 获得阳性克隆载体pCambia1300-35Spro-GeDRP1E。利用冻融法将载体pCambia1300-35Spro-GeDRP1E转化至农杆菌GV3101感受态细胞, -80 ℃保存。参考Yang等[30]和Chen等[31]的方法, 分别转化拟南芥突变体、马铃薯, 通过潮霉素hyg抗性对转化植株进行初筛; 然后提取初筛植株的DNA进行PCR鉴定, 筛选出PCR鉴定阳性植株; 再提取阳性植株的总RNA进行RT-PCR鉴定, 获得正常表达的转基因植株。
拟南芥植株表型的调查  按照野生型、drple突变体和GeDRP1E/drp1e互补突变体三个株系进行实验分组, 将不同株系的拟南芥种子点板, 待拟南芥幼苗长出4片真叶后, 每组选取长势良好且生长状况一致的6株幼苗移苗, 从点板当天开始, 每天对不同组别的拟南芥进行表型的观测和记录。
GeDRP1E转基因马铃薯块茎的农艺性状分析  利用直尺、天平等测量工具, 进行转基因株系和野生型株系微型薯块茎长、宽和重量等农艺性状指标的测定。利用分光光度法进行微型薯淀粉含量的测定, 具体方法参照淀粉含量检测试剂盒说明书。取0.03 g微型薯进行样本处理, 取上清液, 用蒸馏水稀释4倍, 按照测定步骤操作, 使用96孔板测得计算ΔA′ = A测定 - A空白, 以标准管的浓度(mg·mL-1) 为横坐标, 吸光度ΔA标准(ΔA标准) 为纵坐标, 绘制标准曲线y = 2.848 1x + 0.046 5 (R2 = 0.999 4)。根据标准曲线, 将ΔA′代入方程得到x (mg·mL-1), 按样本质量计算淀粉含量。
统计学处理  所有处理数据采用SPSS 26.0软件进行分析, 以t-检验检测差异显著性, 显著水平P < 0.05, 以平均值± SD表示。
PCR扩增产物经1.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测, 目的条带介于1 000~2 000 bp, 与预期长度一致, 见图 1。阳性克隆测序结果与转录组数据进行比对, 相似度为100%, 表明成功克隆GeDRP1E基因的全长cDNA序列。GeDRP1E基因ORF全长1 899 bp, 编码632个氨基酸。基因序列已经上传至GenBase网站, 登录号为C_AA018577.1。
经ExPASy软件分析, 结果发现GeDRP1E相对分子质量为69.90 kDa, 分子式为C3079H4973N883O933S19; 理论等电点为7.27, 带负电荷残基(Asp+Glu) 80个, 带正电荷残基(Arg+Lys) 80个; 不稳定系数为43.34, 属于不稳定蛋白; 脂肪系数为93.73, 亲水性平均指数为-0.259, 预测属于亲水性蛋白。GeDRP1E蛋白中丙氨酸含量最高, 为10.3%, 色氨酸含量最低, 为0.5%。
跨膜结构域分析显示, GeDRP1E不存在跨膜结构。亚细胞定位预测显示, GeDRP1E定位于细胞质中。信号肽分析显示, Sec/SPI值为0, 预测GeDRP1E不含信号肽。
GeDRP1E的二级结构由α-螺旋、延伸链和无规则卷曲构成。其中α-螺旋、无规则卷曲是主要组成元件, 分别占比59.24%和32.54%; 延伸链占比8.21, 见图 2A。GeDRP1E的三级结构预测结果显示, 其与拟南芥动力相关蛋白序列同源性为53%, 因此, 以该蛋白(PDBcode: c3t35A) A链为模板, 通过同源建模构建GeDRP1E三级结构, 建模范围为7~348位氨基酸, 见图 2B
DRP1E在石榴(Punica granatum)、榴莲(Durio. zibethinus)、甜橙(Citrus. sinensis) 等植物中广泛存在。序列对比结果表明, GeDRP1E编码氨基酸序列与其同源基因的氨基酸序列一致性为82.33%~90.05%。其中与铁皮石斛DcDRP1E (XP_020689662.1) 编码氨基酸同源性最高, 序列一致性为90.05%; 与胡桃(Juglans regia) JrDRP1E (XP_018843514.1) 编码氨基酸序列的同源性最低, 序列一致性为82.33%。系统进化树分析结果表明, 双子叶植物的DRP1E同源性较高, 聚为一支; 单子叶之间DRP1E同源性较高, 聚为另一支; 且同为兰科植物的天麻、铁皮石斛聚为一类, 见图 3
DRP1E同源基因的编码氨基酸序列motif分析结果表明, 除拟南芥外, 所有物种DRP1E均含有9个保守结构域motif5、motif3、motif10、motif1、motif6、motif2、motif4、motif8、motif7, 见图 4
对拟南芥GeDRP1E/drp1e基因互补突变体植株进行PCR鉴定, PCR扩增产物经1.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测, 与预期长度一致, 表明成功获得拟南芥GeDRP1E/drp1e基因互补突变体阳性植株。
比较观察不同生长阶段野生型、drp1e突变体、GeDRP1E/drp1e互补突变体拟南芥的株高和结实率, 结果如图 5所示, 互补突变体与野生型的株高变化情况基本一致, 但二者同期株高要高于突变体; 互补突变体、野生型、突变体的结实率分别为0.96 ± 0.023、0.98 ± 0.023、0.51 ± 0.024, 互补突变体和野生型的结实率无显著差异(P > 0.05), 但二者显著高于突变体(P < 0.05)。上述结果说明, GeDRP1E与其拟南芥同源基因具有相似的功能。
利用农杆菌介导法将过表达载体pCambia1300-35Spro-GeDRP1E转化至马铃薯尤金品种, 对筛选得到的具有潮霉素抗性的8个转化马铃薯株系进行PCR鉴别, 结果发现编号2、4、9的三个株系扩增出现目的条带, 表明这三个株系为转基因阳性株系。对这3个株系进行RT-PCR鉴定, 结果发现三个株系均扩增出目的条带, 表明这三个转基因株系的GeDRP1E可正常表达。
将过表达GeDRP1E马铃薯组培苗进行了土培, 4个月后收获得到了T1代转基因微型薯。对微型薯的块茎长、宽和重量等农艺性状进行了测定, 结果发现GeDRP1E转基因株系微型薯长为3.09 ± 0.81 cm, 显著高于野生型株系的1.22 ± 0.05 cm; 宽为1.23 ± 0.14 cm, 显著高于野生型株系的0.92 ± 0.05 cm; 重量为2.31 ± 0.29 g, 显著高于野生型株系的0.49 ± 0.06 g; 利用分光光度法对GeDRP1E转基因株系、野生型株系微型薯的淀粉含量进行测定, 结果发现转基因株系微型薯的淀粉含量为180.77 ± 1.31 mg·g-1, 显著高于野生型株系的163.06 ± 1.89 mg·g-1, 见图 6。实验结果表明, GeDRP1E转基因微型薯的大小、重量和淀粉含量均显著高于野生型株系(P < 0.05)。
动力相关蛋白DRP1E基因广泛存在于各类植物中, 结构比较保守。本研究在天麻中首次克隆得到了GeDRP1E基因, 并分析了该基因及其编码蛋白的基本特征, 发现其编码蛋白GeDRP1E的氨基酸序列与苔藓植物小粒碗藓、裸子植物红豆杉、被子植物油樟、拟南芥、水稻等植物来源的DRP1E蛋白的序列一致性均高于82%, 显示其具有高度保守性, 表明其可能由共同的祖先进化而来。
DRP1E基因参与调控多种重要生物学过程。Jin等[25]研究发现, 拟南芥动力家族蛋白编码基因AtDRP1E突变会导致细胞中细胞板组装、细胞壁形成和质膜循环等方面存在缺陷。本研究运用拟南芥遗传转化体系对GeDRP1E基因的功能进行了初步验证, 结果显示, GeDRP1E可调控植株株高和结实率, 与拟南芥同源基因功能相似。为探究GeDRP1E对植物块茎发育调控的功能, 本研究进一步对GeDRP1E转基因马铃薯植株微型薯表型进行了比较观察, 与野生型相比, 转基因株系的微型薯的体积更大、重量更重、淀粉含量更高, 推测GeDRP1E可能通过参与调节马铃薯块茎细胞中线粒体形态与活性, 从而影响了块茎的生长发育和能量代谢, 进而导致块茎变大、淀粉含量增高。
作为异养植物的天麻, 线粒体在其生长发育中发挥重要作用, 其DRP1E基因功能可能具有独特性。本研究结果为后续深入解析GeDRP1E基因对天麻块茎发育的作用机制奠定了基础。
作者贡献: 樊鑫负责文章撰写和数据分析; 赵建豪、陈虞超负责实验设计及文章修改; 华中一、刘天睿、赵玉洋负责数据分析和实验材料收集; 袁媛指导文章撰写并提出修改意见。
利益冲突: 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金重大项目(81891013)
  • 国家自然科学基金重大项目(81891010)
  • 中国中医科学院科技创新工程重大攻关项目(CI2021A041)
  • 国家科技性基础资源调查项目(2018FY100800)
  • 中央本部级重大支减项目(2060302)
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2024年第59卷第2期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0587
  • 接收时间:2023-05-08
  • 首发时间:2025-11-28
  • 出版时间:2024-02-12
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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-08
  • 修回日期:2023-08-22
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目(81891013)
国家自然科学基金重大项目(81891010)
中国中医科学院科技创新工程重大攻关项目(CI2021A041)
国家科技性基础资源调查项目(2018FY100800)
中央本部级重大支减项目(2060302)
作者信息
    1.广东药科大学中药学院, 广东 广州 510006
    2.道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100700
    3.宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心, 宁夏 银川 750002
    4.江苏大学药学院, 江苏 镇江 212013

通讯作者:

*袁媛, Tel: 86-10-64087649, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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