Article(id=1201158417013502793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1201158414379479837, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0545, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1682611200000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-28, revisedDate=1694102400000, revisedDateStr=2023-09-08, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764308083059, onlineDateStr=2025-11-28, pubDate=1707667200000, pubDateStr=2024-02-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764308083059, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764308083059, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764308083059, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1201158414379479837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2024', volume='59', issue='2', pageStart='269', pageEnd='492', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764308082432, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764308181123, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1201158828365669286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1201158414379479837, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1201158828365669287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1201158414379479837, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=432, endPage=438, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1201158417386795867, articleId=1201158417013502793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=A reporter gene assays for bioactivity determination of human chorinonic gonadotropin, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study constructed a LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293 transgenic cell line according to the activation of the cAMP signaling pathway after recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin binding to the receptor. The biological activity of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin was assayed using a luciferase assay system. The relative potency of the samples was calculated using four-parameter model. And the method conditions were optimized to validate the specificity, relative accuracy, precision and linearity of the method. The results showed that there was a quantitative potency relationship of human chorinonic gonadotropin (hCG) in the method and it was in accordance with the four-parameter curve. After optimization, the conditions were determined as hCG dilution concentration of 2.5 μg·mL-1, dilution ratio of 1∶4, cell number of 10 000-15 000 cells/well, and induction time of 6 h. The method had good specificity, relative accuracy with relative bias ranging from -8.9% to 3.4%, linear regression equation correlation coefficient of 0.996, intermediate precision geometric coefficient of variation ranging from 3.3% to 15.0%, and linearity range of 50% to 200%. This study successfully established and validated a reporter gene method to detect hCG biological activity, which can be used for hCG biological activity assay and quality control.

, correspAuthors=Jing LI, Xiang-dong GAO, Cheng-gang LIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ying HUANG, Xiao-ming ZHANG, He-yang LI, Lü-yin WANG, Hui ZHANG, Ping LÜ, Jing LI, Xiang-dong GAO, Cheng-gang LIANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1201158418523452315, articleId=1201158417013502793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=报告基因法测定人绒毛膜促性腺激素生物活性, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究根据人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG) 与受体结合后激活cAMP信号通路, 构建一种LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293转基因细胞系, 采用荧光素酶检测系统对hCG进行生物活性检测, 利用四参数拟合分析计算样品相对效价。并且对该方法条件进行优化, 对方法的专属性、相对准确度、精密度和线性进行验证。结果显示, hCG浓度与报告基因表达量存在量效关系, 且符合四参数曲线。经优化后, 条件确定为hCG初始浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1, 稀释倍数为1∶4, 细胞数为每孔10 000~15 000个, 诱导时间为6 h。该方法具有良好的专属性, 相对准确度的相对偏倚范围在-8.9%~3.4%, 线性回归方程相关系数为0.996, 中间精密度几何变异系数范围为3.3%~15.0%, 线性范围为50%~200%。本研究成功建立并验证了一种报告基因法检测hCG生物学活性, 可以用于hCG生物活性检测和质量控制。

, correspAuthors=李晶, 高向东, 梁成罡, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*李晶, E-mail: ;
高向东, E-mail: ;
梁成罡, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=DOHE5/2lAsd5YybUvJ9G/A==, magXml=Myeuw3tSsC/O4uGQE6nULA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=rgtM3irQ4r2YZoKDL8lXUg==, pdfFileSize=1843844, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=565pwcmMZSLyM/pJxjFHwg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=B2eASIqSbJBx2mNbf3IJzw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

#共同第一作者.

, authorsList=黄盈, 张孝明, 李鹤洋, 王绿音, 张慧, 吕萍, 李晶, 高向东, 梁成罡)}, authors=[Author(id=1201189358964531579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201189359094555011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, authorId=1201189358964531579, language=EN, stringName=Ying HUANG, firstName=Ying, middleName=null, lastName=HUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1. China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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RLU: Relative light unit; rhCG: Recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin , figureFileSmall=LH7nNnVmEqPOQNFfjULJnA==, figureFileBig=stiYiEtvZsNdMF8j0hbZ4w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201189363074949683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=CNGhGtF6movVZDM3akAYww==, figureFileBig=B45KlUO/4FY2r8CtESGuDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201189363154641462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Specificity of reporter gene assay (A). Functional stability of cells (B). rhTSH: Recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone; rhFSH: Recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone; LH: Luteinizing hormone; hCG: Human chorionic gonadotropin , figureFileSmall=CNGhGtF6movVZDM3akAYww==, figureFileBig=B45KlUO/4FY2r8CtESGuDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201189363234333242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=c8x0jL8uFDh3nLxUUdCNpg==, figureFileBig=tAub6DiWX0LBMZlFRVyfcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201189363343385148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= Heat and light inactivated study. A: SEC-HPLC chromatogram of heat inactivated samples; B: Monomer content of heat inactivated samples; C: Relative potency of heat inactivated samples; D: SEC-HPLC chromatogram of light inactivated samples; E: Monomer content of light inactivated samples; F: Relative potency of light inactivated samples , figureFileSmall=c8x0jL8uFDh3nLxUUdCNpg==, figureFileBig=tAub6DiWX0LBMZlFRVyfcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201189363414688317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=lyZcCEot7Od23/K8hOifKA==, figureFileBig=FL7ab0H43ltFFDEv7Zbuvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201189363515351618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Comparison of <i>in vivo</i> bioassay and <i>in vitro</i> bioassay , figureFileSmall=lyZcCEot7Od23/K8hOifKA==, figureFileBig=FL7ab0H43ltFFDEv7Zbuvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201189363607626308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Level/%nRelative potency/%Potency/%Relative bias/%
AverageLCLUCLAverageLCLUCLAverageLCLUCL
508-0.786 0-0.869 1-0.702 90.459 40.421 60.497 2-8.9-16.1-1.0
718-0.367 6-0.460 8-0.274 40.699 80.635 80.763 8-2.5-11.27.0
10080.033 30.002 50.064 01.035 31.003 51.067 23.40.36.6
14180.311 80.262 60.361 11.370 61.302 51.438 9-3.1-7.81.8
20080.697 50.675 90.719 12.010 91.968 22.053 70.4-1.72.6
), ArticleFig(id=1201189363695706695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1201158417013502793, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

The relative bias and confidence interval of relative bioactivity of five potency levels. LCL: Lower confidence limit; UCL: Upper confidence limit

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Level/%nRelative potency/%Potency/%Relative bias/%
AverageLCLUCLAverageLCLUCLAverageLCLUCL
508-0.786 0-0.869 1-0.702 90.459 40.421 60.497 2-8.9-16.1-1.0
718-0.367 6-0.460 8-0.274 40.699 80.635 80.763 8-2.5-11.27.0
10080.033 30.002 50.064 01.035 31.003 51.067 23.40.36.6
14180.311 80.262 60.361 11.370 61.302 51.438 9-3.1-7.81.8
20080.697 50.675 90.719 12.010 91.968 22.053 70.4-1.72.6
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报告基因法测定人绒毛膜促性腺激素生物活性
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黄盈 1, 2, # , 张孝明 2, # , 李鹤洋 2 , 王绿音 2 , 张慧 2 , 吕萍 2 , 李晶 2, * , 高向东 1, * , 梁成罡 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2024,59(2): 432-438
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2024, 59(2): 432-438
报告基因法测定人绒毛膜促性腺激素生物活性
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黄盈1, 2, #, 张孝明2, #, 李鹤洋2, 王绿音2, 张慧2, 吕萍2, 李晶2, * , 高向东1, * , 梁成罡2, *
作者信息
  • 1.中国药科大学, 江苏 南京 211198
  • 2.中国食品药品检定研究院, 国家卫生健康委员会生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 北京 102629

通讯作者:

*李晶, E-mail: ;
高向东, E-mail: ;
梁成罡, E-mail:
A reporter gene assays for bioactivity determination of human chorinonic gonadotropin
Ying HUANG1, 2, Xiao-ming ZHANG2, He-yang LI2, Lü-yin WANG2, Hui ZHANG2, Ping LÜ2, Jing LI2, * , Xiang-dong GAO1, * , Cheng-gang LIANG2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
  • 2. National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, Beijing 102629, China
出版时间: 2024-02-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0545
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本研究根据人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG) 与受体结合后激活cAMP信号通路, 构建一种LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293转基因细胞系, 采用荧光素酶检测系统对hCG进行生物活性检测, 利用四参数拟合分析计算样品相对效价。并且对该方法条件进行优化, 对方法的专属性、相对准确度、精密度和线性进行验证。结果显示, hCG浓度与报告基因表达量存在量效关系, 且符合四参数曲线。经优化后, 条件确定为hCG初始浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1, 稀释倍数为1∶4, 细胞数为每孔10 000~15 000个, 诱导时间为6 h。该方法具有良好的专属性, 相对准确度的相对偏倚范围在-8.9%~3.4%, 线性回归方程相关系数为0.996, 中间精密度几何变异系数范围为3.3%~15.0%, 线性范围为50%~200%。本研究成功建立并验证了一种报告基因法检测hCG生物学活性, 可以用于hCG生物活性检测和质量控制。

报告基因法  /  人绒毛膜促性腺激素  /  四参数曲线  /  生物活性  /  方法学验证

This study constructed a LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293 transgenic cell line according to the activation of the cAMP signaling pathway after recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin binding to the receptor. The biological activity of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin was assayed using a luciferase assay system. The relative potency of the samples was calculated using four-parameter model. And the method conditions were optimized to validate the specificity, relative accuracy, precision and linearity of the method. The results showed that there was a quantitative potency relationship of human chorinonic gonadotropin (hCG) in the method and it was in accordance with the four-parameter curve. After optimization, the conditions were determined as hCG dilution concentration of 2.5 μg·mL-1, dilution ratio of 1∶4, cell number of 10 000-15 000 cells/well, and induction time of 6 h. The method had good specificity, relative accuracy with relative bias ranging from -8.9% to 3.4%, linear regression equation correlation coefficient of 0.996, intermediate precision geometric coefficient of variation ranging from 3.3% to 15.0%, and linearity range of 50% to 200%. This study successfully established and validated a reporter gene method to detect hCG biological activity, which can be used for hCG biological activity assay and quality control.

reporter gene assay  /  human chorinonic gonadotropin  /  four-parameter curve  /  biological activity  /  method validation
黄盈, 张孝明, 李鹤洋, 王绿音, 张慧, 吕萍, 李晶, 高向东, 梁成罡. 报告基因法测定人绒毛膜促性腺激素生物活性. 药学学报, 2024 , 59 (2) : 432 -438 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0545
Ying HUANG, Xiao-ming ZHANG, He-yang LI, Lü-yin WANG, Hui ZHANG, Ping LÜ, Jing LI, Xiang-dong GAO, Cheng-gang LIANG. A reporter gene assays for bioactivity determination of human chorinonic gonadotropin[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2024 , 59 (2) : 432 -438 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0545
人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG) 是一种糖蛋白激素, 在人们的疾病治疗中发挥着关键的作用[1]。hCG是由胎盘合胞滋养层细胞分泌的促性腺激素, 能在早期妊娠的时候, 维持黄体不衰退, 刺激黄体细胞产生黄体酮, 可以用于辅助生殖和治疗不孕不育症[2]。此外, 它还能用于治疗性机能障碍, 如阳痿、隐睾以及侏儒症等[3, 4]
随着生物技术研究的深入, 更多的厂家使用重组DNA技术来生产重组人绒促性素(recombinant human chorinonic gonadotropin, rhCG), 从而能够保证药物的来源稳定充足以及产品的安全性[5]。目前国内已上市的rhCG产品包括进口国外制造商的rhCG产品艾泽®和国内药企研发生产的rhCG产品丽得宝; 已批准的适应证包括青春期前隐睾症的诊断和治疗、垂体功能低下所致的男性不育、垂体促性腺激素不足所致的女性无排卵性不孕症、用于体外受精以获取多个卵母细胞、女性黄体功能不全、习惯性流产等。由于hCG药物具有复杂的性质和作用机制[6-8], 现有的生物活性测定方法主要依赖于动物实验, 目前各国药典收录的测定方法有: 小鼠子宫增重法[9]、大鼠子宫增重法[10]、大鼠精囊增重法[11]。其中中国药典(2020版) 中收录了hCG的生物测定法为小鼠子宫增重法[9], 但是动物实验存在着动物个体间差异大、定量难、实验周期长、花费多等问题[12]。随着分子生物学和基因工程技术的进步, 对hCG作用机制有了更深入的研究, 包括受体的激活、信号通路和最终的效应, 能够利用报告基因法对hCG进行生物学活性测定[13]。同属于GPHs的促卵泡激素(follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH) 和促甲状腺激素(thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH) 现均已有建立的报告基因法生物活性检测方法[14-16]。本研究通过构建一种转基因细胞, 用hCG作用于该细胞, 通过信号通路调控, 激活响应元件, 使报告基因表达, 产生荧光信号, 采用Steady-Glo Luciferase Assay System检测荧光素酶表达情况来反映hCG的生物学活性。然后根据中国药典通则9401对本方法进行优化与验证[17], 结果表明, 本方法具有准确度高、专属性好、稳定性好等优点。本文提供了一种更简便、准确定量、高通量的基于细胞的hCG生物活性测定方法, 有望作为体内动物法的补充或者替代用于hCG的生物活性检测和质量控制。
仪器  CellXpert C170i二氧化碳细胞培养箱(德国Eppendorf公司); TS2-FL倒置显微镜(日本Nikon公司); SORVall ST8台式离心机(美国Thermo Scientific公司); TC-20全自动细胞计数仪(美国Bio-Rad公司); MTS 2/4微孔板振荡器(德国IKA公司); 多功能酶标仪(美国PerkinElmer公司, 内置软件版本4.13.3005.1482); LC-20A液相色谱仪(日本岛津公司)。
供试品与试剂  HEK293细胞购自Procell公司; MEM培养基(11765054)、胎牛血清(FBS, 10099141)、0.25%胰酶-EDTA (25200056)、磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS, 20012027) 均购自Gibco公司; Steady-Glo Luciferase Assay System (E2520) 购自Promega公司; puromycin (P8230) 购自Solarbio公司; zeocin (ZEL-43-05) 购自InvivoGen公司; 重组人绒促性素(rhCG) 标准品(410021-201901)、绒促性素(hCG) 标准品(150513-201910)、重组人促卵泡激素(recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone, rhFSH) 标准品(410018-201701) 均来自中国食品药品检定研究院; 促黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone, LH) 国际标准品(81/535)、重组人促甲状腺激素(recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone, rhTSH) 国际标准品(03/192) 购自英国国家生物制品检定所; pLU-LHCGR和pLU.Luc.CRE.PGK.Puro载体购自苏州东岭生物技术有限公司; 注射用绒促性素(批号为230205、230206、230301、230302、230303、230304、230305、230306、230307、230308) 和注射用重组人绒促性素(批号为202106001、202204001、202207002) 由企业提供。
试剂配制  完全培养基: MEM培养基+ 10% FBS + 3 μg·mL-1 Puromycin + 200 μg·mL-1 Zeocin; 样品稀释液/基础培养基: MEM培养基。
细胞系构建  将pLU-LHCGR (luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor) 慢病毒载体转入HEK293细胞, 然后用zeocin对细胞进行筛选。用表达荧光素酶的pLU.Luc.CRE(cAMP response element).PGK.Puro载体转入LHCGR-HEK293细胞, 用puromycin筛选得到LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞株。用完全培养基(MEM培养基+ 10% FBS + 3 μg·mL-1 puromycin + 200 μg·mL-1 zeocin) 筛选转染的细胞, 经过约3周的筛选, 通过有限稀释法得到阳性的单克隆细胞株。将细胞株命名为LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞株, 由本实验室保存。
数据分析  参照《中华人民共和国药典》2020版四部通则1431“四参数回归计算法”[18], 使用GraphPad8.0软件和SoftMax9.0软件, 以浓度取10为底对数值为横坐标, 对应的相对光单位(relative light unit, RLU) 几何平均值为纵坐标拟合四参数曲线。并对结果进行可靠性测验, 满足系统适用性要求, 即四参数曲线需在所用的剂量范围内, 对数剂量与反应呈S形曲线关系, 回归项应非常显著(P < 0.01), 偏离平行和模型失拟均应不显著(P ≥ 0.05)。对于通过可靠性测验的实验结果, 采用约束模型中S和T拟合曲线EC50的比值, 计算供试品的相对效价(R)。R = (标准品EC50 / 供试品EC50) × 100%, 供试品效价(PT) 为PT =标示量(ATR
细胞培养时间  取对数生长期的LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞用PBS润洗后计数, 用基础培养基将细胞浓度稀释至2×105 cells·mL-1, 接种至白色不透光的96孔板中, 每孔50 μL, 晃动使细胞分布均匀。将接种了细胞的96孔板放置于CO2培养箱中, 条件为37 ℃、5% CO2, 两板的细胞贴壁时间分别为0和18 h。取rhCG标准品一支, 加入1 mL PBS溶解样品, 得到浓度为250 μg·mL-1的样品溶液。用样品稀释液稀释得到2.5 μg·mL-1的rhCG样品溶液。取浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1的样品溶液进行5倍梯度(1∶4) 稀释, 共10个浓度梯度。分别取10个浓度的样品溶液按每孔50 μL加入接种细胞的96孔板中, 平行2个复孔, 轻轻晃动混匀。将加入样品的96孔板放置于CO2培养箱中, 条件为37 ℃、5% CO2, 孵育6 h。每孔加100 μL混合均匀的Steady-Glo细胞裂解液, 使用振荡机300 r·min-1避光轻摇5 min。使用EnSpire酶标仪读取荧光信号值。
确定量效范围  取对数生长期的LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞用PBS润洗后计数, 用基础培养基将细胞浓度稀释至2×105 cells·mL-1, 接种至白色不透光的96孔板中, 每孔50 μL, 晃动使细胞分布均匀。将接种了细胞的96孔板放置于CO2培养箱中, 条件为37 ℃、5% CO2, 孵育12~18 h。将rhCG标准品溶液用样品稀释液稀释至浓度为100 μg·mL-1, 稀释比1∶5, 稀释20个浓度梯度, 每个梯度平行2个复孔。其他条件同细胞培养时间步骤。
稀释倍数  根据上一步确定的量效范围, 选取rhCG的最佳初始浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1, 调整稀释比, 根据反应曲线确定稀释比。设置样品稀释比分别为4倍(1∶3)、5倍(1∶4)、6倍(1∶5), 系列稀释10个浓度梯度, 每个梯度做2个复孔, 其他条件同细胞培养时间步骤。
细胞密度  根据上一步的结果确定样品溶液的最优初始浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1, 稀释比为1∶4, 探究不同细胞密度的量效曲线。将LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞消化离心后, 用基础培养基分别稀释成密度为1×105、2×105、3×105、4×105 cells·mL-1四个浓度的细胞悬液, 接种至白色不透光96孔板中, 每孔50 μL。其他条件同细胞培养时间步骤。
孵育时间  由前面的结果得到优化后的条件分别为rhCG标准品溶液的初始浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1, 稀释比为1∶4, 细胞密度(2~3)×105 cells·mL-1。探究不同孵育时间的量效曲线。将LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞消化离心后, 用基础培养基稀释成(2~3)×105 cells·mL-1的细胞悬液, 分别接种至五个白色不透光96孔板中, 每孔50 μL。将接种了细胞的96孔板放置于CO2培养箱中, 条件为37 ℃、5% CO2, 孵育12~18 h。加入样品溶液后分别孵育3、4、5、6、8 h。其他条件同细胞培养时间步骤。
专属性  hCG属于糖蛋白激素家族, 糖蛋白激素还包括促黄体生成素、促卵泡激素、促甲状腺激素。因此, 本研究选取了hCG、LH、rhTSH、rhFSH进行试验, 验证该方法的专属性。将hCG、LH、rhTSH、rhFSH样品溶液用基础培养基均稀释到相同的摩尔浓度68.12 nmol·mL-1, 再用样品稀释液进行5倍的梯度稀释, 共稀释10个浓度梯度, 每个浓度2个复孔。加入样品后孵育6 h, 以rhCG标准品作为参比品。
相对准确度、线性、中间精密度、重复性和范围  初始浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1的rhCG作为方法验证中准确度的参比品, 分别制备参比品浓度的50%、71%、100%、141%、200%作为待验证的样品, 参比品和样品都进行5倍的梯度稀释, 共稀释10个浓度梯度, 每个浓度2个复孔。每个效价水平由2名分析人员在4个不同日期使用4个细胞代次进行相对效价的测定。根据中国药典9401通则以每个效价水平测得的相对效价的几何标准偏差或几何变异系数来评价中间精密度[17]
细胞功能稳定性实验  在细胞连续培养中, 分别冻存第10代、第20代、第30代、第40代细胞。在同一时间进行复苏, 连续传代三次。将上述不同代次的细胞使用优化后的条件进行rhCG的生物活性测定, 验证不同代次细胞的稳定性。
破坏性实验  在强光和高温情况下rhCG会发生结构的变化[12], 设置光照强度为100%对rhCG溶液分别照射0、5、10、25、30天, 以及分别用高温60 ℃加热样品0、3、6、10、15 h。对被处理后的样品进行相对效价的测定, 研究该方法的灵敏度。使用分子排阻色谱法(SEC-HPLC) 检测经过高温和强光处理后的rhCG样品, 用面积归一化法检测样品中单体的纯度。
取rhCG标准品, 分装到1.5 mL离心管中, 用封口膜封闭后置于加热板中。设置加热温度为60 ℃, 分别加热0、3、6、10、15天。取rhCG标准品, 分装到1.5 mL离心管中, 用封口膜封闭后置于稳定性实验箱中。设置光照强度为100%, 分别强光照射0、5、15、25、30天。
采用Waters XBridge Protein BEH SEC 200A 3.5 μm (7.8 mm × 300 mm) 凝胶色谱柱, 以0.1 mol·L-1 Na2HPO4 (pH 6.0) 为流动相, 流速为0.86 mL·min-1, 柱温为25 ℃, 检测波长为214 nm, 进样量为10 μL。
评价体内法和体外法的相关性  为了确定本研究建立的报告基因法与动物体内法[根据中国药典(2020版) 通则1209绒促性素生物测定法[9]] 结果的相关性, 选取来自生产企业的10批注射用绒促性素和3批注射用重组人绒促性素, 分别用报告基因法和动物法对样品进行生物学活性的检测。
根据四参数曲线结果显示, 细胞铺板时间为0 h时RLU值较低; 细胞铺板时间为18 h, 细胞贴壁后加药孵育的RLU值较高。说明细胞贴壁过夜可达到更好的量效曲线结果, 所以确定细胞在加药孵育前贴壁过夜。结果见图 1A
设置rhCG初始浓度为100 μg·mL-1, 稀释比1∶5, 稀释20个浓度梯度, 平行两个复孔。所有的点已经覆盖了四参数曲线的上平台与下平台, 结果见图 1B。为了进一步的确定样品的初始浓度, 根据剂量反应曲线的上下平台和线性部分, 选取2.5~25 μg·mL-1为合适的起始浓度范围, 进行下一步实验。当起始浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1时, 四参数曲线上各点分布较为均匀, 上下平台各三个点, 线性部分有四个点, R2值为0.990, 实验结果见图 1C。因此选择2.5 μg·mL-1为起始浓度。
根据量效范围实验确定了起始浓度为2.5 μg·mL-1, 为了使四参数曲线能够很好的覆盖上下平台, 并且在线性部分的点不少于3个, 根据预实验选取了1∶3、1∶4、1∶5三个稀释倍数, 各稀释10个梯度, 比较不同稀释比的曲线, 结果见图 1D。三个稀释倍数曲线R2值均在0.990以上, 当稀释倍数为1∶3时, 下平台浓度点太少; 当稀释倍数为1∶5时, 下平台浓度点太多; 当稀释倍数为1∶4时, 量效曲线能够很好的覆盖上下平台以及线性部分, 因此选取1∶4为rhCG的稀释倍数。
通过比较信噪比和四参数曲线的变化趋势, 当接种细胞量为10 000、15 000、20 000个/孔时, B值分别为0.623、0.601、0.601, 曲线变化趋势基本平行, 说明接种细胞的量对实验结果的影响变化趋于稳定, 结果见图 1E。当接种细胞量为20 000个/孔时信噪比最大, 但是复孔间RSD%比10 000和15 000个/孔时大。由于接种细胞的数量不能精准确定, 所以实验将控制接种细胞密度范围为10 000~15 000个/孔。
设置药物作用的时间分别为3、4、5、6、8 h, 孵育时间为3和4 h时, 未能很好的展现量效曲线。当孵育时间为5、6、8 h时, B值分别为0.601、0.699、0.657, EC50值均为0.002 mol·L-1, 四参数曲线变化趋向基本平行, 说明药物作用时间对实验结果的影响变化趋于稳定, 结果如图 1F所示。信噪比在孵育8 h后最大, 但是6 h也满足检测要求, 考虑到节约时间, 选择药物作用时间为6 h进行下一步实验。
用优化后的报告基因法对其他糖蛋白激素LH、rhFSH、rhTSH进行生物学活性测定, 结果见图 2A, rhTSH和rhFSH均无剂量依赖的效应曲线, LH的量效曲线无上平台且与rhCG曲线有明显差别, 而hCG和rhCG均呈明显的量效曲线, 因此该方法专属性良好。
根据通则9401[17]计算每个效价水平8个相对效价测定值的相对偏倚及其置信区间。如表 1所示, 5个效价水平相对效价测定值的平均相对偏倚范围在-8.9%~3.4%。以效价理论值的自然对数(y) 对其相应的效价测定值的自然对数(x) 作直线回归, 采用最小二乘法进行线性拟合, 回归方程为y = 0.944 6x + 0.021 2, R2 = 0.996。
根据通则9401[17]计算每个效价水平测得的8个相对效价的几何标准偏差(GSD%) 及几何变异系数(GCV%)。以每个效价水平的GCV%考察中间精密度。GCV%范围为3.3%~15.0%, 5个效价水平的GCV%均小于20%。
结果如图 2B显示, 不同代次细胞的EC50值无明显差异(SD值为0.000 2, CV%为0.2), 说明LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞具有稳定性, 可以用于生物活性测定。细胞传代至40代时, 对rhCG生物活性检测结果没有明显影响。
图 3AD所示, 当样品经过60 ℃加热和光照后样品单体含量发生变化。经过面积归一化法计算可得, 结果如图 3BE所示, 被加热和光照破坏的样品中单体含量下降, 聚体和降解产物的含量上升。单体含量下降导致样品生物学活性发生改变, 将上述破坏性样品进行生物学活性检测, 结果如图 3CF所示, 经破坏处理的样品生物学活性与单体含量成正比趋势, 本方法可以准确测得各样品的生物学活性。
对本研究建立的报告基因法和使用药典现行的动物法进行相关性评价, 分别用优化后的报告基因方法条件和小鼠子宫增重法对10批注射用绒促性素制剂和3批注射用重组人绒促性素进行相对生物学活性的检测, 注射用绒促性素制剂使用绒促性素国家标准品作为标准品, 注射用重组人绒促性素使用rhCG国家标准品作为标准品。各批次制剂获得结果四参数曲线的R2值都达到0.99以上。对这两组数据进行Shapiro-Wilk检验, 体内法和体外细胞法的P值分别为0.943 9和0.589 1, 均大于0.05, 两组数据呈正态分布。对两种方法的两组数据进行配对t检验, P值为0.078 8 (> 0.05), 说明两种方法所得结果之间无显著性差异。对体内动物法和体外细胞法的结果进行Bland-Altman分析, 如图 4所示, 体内法和体外法的结果偏倚为-0.03, 数据差值的标准差(SD) 为0.04, 两种方法的数据差值均在95%的一致性范围内, 具有良好的相关性, 初步表明两种方法可以相互替代。
hCG通过调节类固醇激素合成促进睾丸和卵巢的功能, 在人类的生殖和代谢过程中是关键的调节因子。因其能导致子宫组织增长引起子宫质量增加的反应, 中国药典(2020版) 使用小鼠子宫增重法对绒促性素进行生物测定。随着分子生物技术的飞速发展, 有越来越多的生物活性测定方法展现在人们眼前。本研究使用的报告基因法是通过rhCG与受体结合后产生信号, 诱导报告基因在CRE序列控制下表达, 表达产物可以直接释放荧光素酶信号, 通过检测荧光素, 从而测定rhCG的生物学活性。与传统的动物体内测定法相比, 此报告基因法具有高通量筛选、准确度高、简单快速的优点, 对于该类药物的早期研发筛选、生产工艺开发和质量检验等多方面都具有重要的意义。
本研究构建了一种荧光素酶报告基因转基因细胞株LHCGR-CRE-Luc-HEK293, 在HEK293细胞中过表达LHCGR, 转入含CRE的荧光素酶报告基因载体, hCG与LHCGR结合引起G蛋白跨膜结构域的改变, 激活腺苷酸环化酶上调cAMP, 最终激活CRE, 调控cAMP信号通路, 从而表达荧光素酶报告基因, 用于定量检测。本研究建立了一种检测hCG生物学活性的方法, 并对该方法条件进行优化与验证。由于hCG与LH具有相似的β亚基序列, 并且与同一受体LHCGR结合进行调控反应。在方法验证时, 发现LH也能表达出量效曲线, LH量效曲线的拟合值(R2) 为0.851, uhCG和rhCG曲线的R2分别达到0.995和0.998, LH曲线的拟合值与uhCG和rhCG的曲线仍有很大差别。所以相比而言, 该方法对于hCG的专属性比LH的专属性要高。
对样品进行破坏性实验后, 使用分子排阻色谱法检测经过高温处理后的rhCG样品, 结果显示样品中单体含量显著下降, 检测破坏后样品的生物活性与单体含量成正比。值得注意的是, 样品经过强光分别处理0、5、10天后, 使用分子排阻色谱法检测样品的单体含量并没有明显下降, 而对应的样品生物活性显著下降。有研究表明, hCG解离成αβ亚基后, 生物活性下降明显[19]。分别对色谱图的单体、聚体和解离亚基峰进行积分, 发现在随着光照天数的增加, 解离亚基峰在第5天时开始出现。第5天出现解离亚基峰的同时, hCG生物活性下降, 与前述研究结果一致。所以样品经过高温和强光处理后形成聚合物同时解离成αβ亚基, 可以通过高效液相色谱分离出hCG的αβ亚基峰, 从而对有关物质进一步确认。
本研究建立的报告基因法具有良好的专属性和精密度, 该方法与传统的动物体内实验法相比实验周期缩短、操作简便。与通过检测cAMP或孕酮等细胞效应产物测定hCG生物活性方法的结果相比[20-22], 具有更高的灵敏度。该方法高效稳定, 有望用于质量控制, 作为动物体内法的补充和替代方法。
作者贡献: 黄盈负责实验设计、完成实验主要内容和文章撰写; 张孝明负责前期实验条件和方法学验证摸索; 李鹤洋、王绿音、张慧、吕萍负责提供技术和材料支持; 高向东、李晶、梁成罡负责指导实验设计思路、提出修改意见。
利益冲突: 全体作者均同意最终的文章, 无任何利益冲突。
  • 中国食品药品检定研究院中青年发展研究基金(2022A1)
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0545
  • 接收时间:2023-04-28
  • 首发时间:2025-11-28
  • 出版时间:2024-02-12
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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-28
  • 修回日期:2023-09-08
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中国食品药品检定研究院中青年发展研究基金(2022A1)
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    1.中国药科大学, 江苏 南京 211198
    2.中国食品药品检定研究院, 国家卫生健康委员会生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 北京 102629

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*李晶, E-mail: ;
高向东, E-mail: ;
梁成罡, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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