Article(id=1200860515233812851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1200860506031518620, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1337, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1701100800000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-28, revisedDate=1707062400000, revisedDateStr=2024-02-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764237057740, onlineDateStr=2025-11-27, pubDate=1715443200000, pubDateStr=2024-05-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764237057740, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764237057740, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764237057740, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200860506031518620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2024', volume='59', issue='5', pageStart='1101', pageEnd='1508', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764237055547, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764241222263, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200877982563824311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1200860506031518620, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200877982563824312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1200860506031518620, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1238, endPage=1244, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200860518287266359, articleId=1200860515233812851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Efficacy and mechanisms of an Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound for constipation relief, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Constipation is a prevalent ailment which might significantly impact the quality of people's life and rise some associated deseases risks. In this study, a chronic constipation mouse model was established using loperamide hydrochloride. Mice were gavaged an Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound, comprised of Dang Gui [Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels], Rou Cong Rong (Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma), wheat fiber, and low-molecular-weight xylan at high dosage (3.6 g·kg-1, 30 times the recommended human dose) and low dosage (0.6 g·kg-1, 5 times the recommended human dose) for 14 days. The study assessed the therapeutic efficacy of the compound by observing fecal morphology, measuring water content, and conducting small intestine motility experiments. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were conducted to evaluate the serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones including motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), the inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Histopathological examination with H&E staining was employed to evaluate colonic tissue damage. Additionally, Western blot and immunohistochemistry experiments were conducted to examine the expression levels of aquaporin-3 (AQP3) and c-Kit in the colon. The results indicated that the Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound could improve fecal morphology, increase fecal water content, enhance small intestinal transit rates in mice. Additionally, there was a significant elevation in the serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones and a notable reduction in the levels of inflammatory factors. The improvement in colonic histopathological damage was accompanied by a marked decrease in the expression of the colonic water channel protein AQP3 and a significant increase in c-Kit expression. These results collectively suggested the presence of a dose-response relationship. These findings indicate that the Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound effectively alleviates constipation in mice. Its action is associated with the regulation of colonic water channel protein AQP3 and c-Kit expression, along with the modulation of serum inflammatory factors and gastrointestinal hormones. This experiment was approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Jinan University.

, correspAuthors=Lei LIANG, Rong-rong HE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yang LIU, Ya-li SHI, Yan-ping WU, Xiang LUO, Lei LIANG, Rong-rong HE), CN=ArticleExt(id=1200860521202307825, articleId=1200860515233812851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=当归肉苁蓉纤维复方的润肠通便药效及机制探索, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

便秘是一种常见的疾病, 给患者的生活造成很大影响, 同时可能并发许多高危因素。本研究使用盐酸洛哌丁胺建立慢性便秘小鼠模型, 给予当归肉苁蓉纤维(当归、肉苁蓉、小麦纤维和低聚木糖) 复方高(3.6 g·kg-1, 30倍人用推荐剂量)、低(0.6 g·kg-1, 5倍人用推荐剂量) 剂量干预14天, 通过观察粪便形态, 测量含水率以及小肠运动实验考察复方通便的药效; 通过酶联免疫吸附实验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) 检测小鼠血清中胃肠激素胃动素(motilin, MTL)、胃泌素(gastrin, GAS) 以及炎症因子白介素1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α) 的水平; 采用苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin, H&E) 染色检测结肠组织病理损伤; 采用免疫蛋白印迹实验(Western blot) 和免疫组织化学实验检测结肠中水通道蛋白3 (aquaporin 3, AQP3) 和c-Kit的表达水平, 初步探索相关机制。实验结果显示, 给予当归肉苁蓉纤维复方干预后, 小鼠粪便形态改善, 含水率增加, 小肠推进率提高, 血清中胃肠激素水平显著升高, 炎症因子水平显著降低, 结肠病理损伤得到改善, 结肠中水通道蛋白AQP3表达水平明显降低, c-Kit表达水平明显升高, 结果显示一定量-效关系。说明该当归肉苁蓉纤维复方能够显著改善小鼠便秘, 调节血清中炎症因子和胃肠激素水平, 改善肠道损伤, 且这一作用与调控肠道水通道蛋白AQP3和c-Kit表达有关。本实验获暨南大学动物实验伦理委员会批准。

, correspAuthors=梁磊, 何蓉蓉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*梁磊, E-mail: ;
何蓉蓉, Tel: 86-20-85227791, E-mail:
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3. Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Internationalization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
4. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
5. International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201106650930307710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, authorId=1201106650561208938, language=CN, stringName=刘洋, firstName=洋, middleName=null, lastName=刘, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 3, 4, 5, address=1.暨南大学药学院, 广东 广州 510632
3.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心, 中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
4.暨南大学药学院, 广东省中药药效物质基础及创新药物研究重点实验室, 广东 广州 510632
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2. School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
3. Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Internationalization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
4. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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2.云南中医药大学中药学院, 云南 昆明 650500
3.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心, 中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
4.暨南大学药学院, 广东省中药药效物质基础及创新药物研究重点实验室, 广东 广州 510632
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College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
3. Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Internationalization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
4. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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3.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心, 中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
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3.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心, 中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
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2. School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
3. Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Internationalization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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2.云南中医药大学中药学院, 云南 昆明 650500
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Global prevalence of constipation in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. Wien Klin Wochenschr, 2023, 135: 389-398., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1201106663072817515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Barberio B, Judge C, Savarino EV, et al. Global prevalence of functional constipation according to the Rome criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. 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LOP: Loperamide, 10 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>; PF-H: <i>Angelica sinensis Cistanche</i> Fiber Compound-high dose, 3.6 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>; PF-L: <i>Angelica sinensis Cistanche</i> Fiber Compound-low dose, 0.6 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>; MOS: Mosapride, 5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup> , figureFileSmall=aeUfr/3nEqYNl3xYtkHVZw==, figureFileBig=vezycDIxpwrHbJjscZSpNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201106658962399376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=w7wXM/AlHbe3A3UW+KlQKA==, figureFileBig=E1jWkqria39v/7JqMZbNBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201106659134365858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= The compound improved the levels of inflammatory factors and gastrointestinal hormones in serum of mice. A: Motilin (MTL); B: Gastrin (GAS); C: Tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i> (TNF-<i>α</i>); D: Interleukin-1<i>β</i> (IL-1<i>β</i>). <i>n</i> = 8, $\overline{x} \pm s$. <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> LOP group , figureFileSmall=w7wXM/AlHbe3A3UW+KlQKA==, figureFileBig=E1jWkqria39v/7JqMZbNBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201106659251806385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=5CcJplQxoyPVWBZ9n1o61g==, figureFileBig=cJrDSJXnudqhAYxwr6SSow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201106659398607041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= The compound alleviates the damage of colon pathological tissue. H&E staining of colon of mice in different treatment groups. 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Scale bars, 100 μm. <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> LOP group , figureFileSmall=1SWMAwvjBF9MMC3zuenrOQ==, figureFileBig=5kT9U0bXQe2FARYgzYuLtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201106660023558388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=6ojsQq9xlYlh4f0On9P4lg==, figureFileBig=MZHJUZh8Qg8pqymUcxMiew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201106660275216642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= The compound increased the expression level of c-Kit in the colon of mice. A: Western blot and quantification of c-Kit expression level in colon of mice; B: Immunohistochemistry and quantification of c-Kit expression in colon of mice. The brown areas are positive. <i>n</i> = 6, $\overline{x} \pm s$. Scale bars, 100 μm.<sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> LOP group , figureFileSmall=6ojsQq9xlYlh4f0On9P4lg==, figureFileBig=MZHJUZh8Qg8pqymUcxMiew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1201106660388462861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupDay3Day7Day10Day14
Control67% ± 6%66% ± 3%71% ± 6%66% ± 5%
LOP51% ± 10%***63% ± 7%61% ± 7%*53% ± 4%***
LOP+PF-H60% ± 8%#68% ± 6%63% ± 7%60% ± 6%#
LOP+PF-L60% ± 6%#65% ± 10%61% ± 10%54% ± 9%
LOP+MOS59% ± 9%#65% ± 5%64% ± 6%59% ± 5%#
), ArticleFig(id=1201106660623343895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200860515233812851, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Changes of fecal water content of mice in different treatment groups. n = 8, x ± s. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 vs control group; #P < 0.05 vs LOP group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupDay3Day7Day10Day14
Control67% ± 6%66% ± 3%71% ± 6%66% ± 5%
LOP51% ± 10%***63% ± 7%61% ± 7%*53% ± 4%***
LOP+PF-H60% ± 8%#68% ± 6%63% ± 7%60% ± 6%#
LOP+PF-L60% ± 6%#65% ± 10%61% ± 10%54% ± 9%
LOP+MOS59% ± 9%#65% ± 5%64% ± 6%59% ± 5%#
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当归肉苁蓉纤维复方的润肠通便药效及机制探索
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刘洋 1, 3, 4, 5 , 石雅丽 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , 吴燕萍 1, 3, 4, 5 , 罗祥 1, 3, 4, 5 , 梁磊 1, 3, 4, 5, * , 何蓉蓉 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2024,59(5): 1238-1244
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2024, 59(5): 1238-1244
当归肉苁蓉纤维复方的润肠通便药效及机制探索
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刘洋1, 3, 4, 5, 石雅丽1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 吴燕萍1, 3, 4, 5, 罗祥1, 3, 4, 5, 梁磊1, 3, 4, 5, * , 何蓉蓉1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *
作者信息
  • 1.暨南大学药学院, 广东 广州 510632
  • 2.云南中医药大学中药学院, 云南 昆明 650500
  • 3.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心, 中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
  • 4.暨南大学药学院, 广东省中药药效物质基础及创新药物研究重点实验室, 广东 广州 510632
  • 5.暨南大学, 教育部中药与创新药物研究国际合作联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632

通讯作者:

*梁磊, E-mail: ;
何蓉蓉, Tel: 86-20-85227791, E-mail:
Efficacy and mechanisms of an Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound for constipation relief
Yang LIU1, 3, 4, 5, Ya-li SHI1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Yan-ping WU1, 3, 4, 5, Xiang LUO1, 3, 4, 5, Lei LIANG1, 3, 4, 5, * , Rong-rong HE1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *
Affiliations
  • 1. College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • 2. School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
  • 3. Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Internationalization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • 4. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • 5. International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
出版时间: 2024-05-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1337
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便秘是一种常见的疾病, 给患者的生活造成很大影响, 同时可能并发许多高危因素。本研究使用盐酸洛哌丁胺建立慢性便秘小鼠模型, 给予当归肉苁蓉纤维(当归、肉苁蓉、小麦纤维和低聚木糖) 复方高(3.6 g·kg-1, 30倍人用推荐剂量)、低(0.6 g·kg-1, 5倍人用推荐剂量) 剂量干预14天, 通过观察粪便形态, 测量含水率以及小肠运动实验考察复方通便的药效; 通过酶联免疫吸附实验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) 检测小鼠血清中胃肠激素胃动素(motilin, MTL)、胃泌素(gastrin, GAS) 以及炎症因子白介素1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α) 的水平; 采用苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin, H&E) 染色检测结肠组织病理损伤; 采用免疫蛋白印迹实验(Western blot) 和免疫组织化学实验检测结肠中水通道蛋白3 (aquaporin 3, AQP3) 和c-Kit的表达水平, 初步探索相关机制。实验结果显示, 给予当归肉苁蓉纤维复方干预后, 小鼠粪便形态改善, 含水率增加, 小肠推进率提高, 血清中胃肠激素水平显著升高, 炎症因子水平显著降低, 结肠病理损伤得到改善, 结肠中水通道蛋白AQP3表达水平明显降低, c-Kit表达水平明显升高, 结果显示一定量-效关系。说明该当归肉苁蓉纤维复方能够显著改善小鼠便秘, 调节血清中炎症因子和胃肠激素水平, 改善肠道损伤, 且这一作用与调控肠道水通道蛋白AQP3和c-Kit表达有关。本实验获暨南大学动物实验伦理委员会批准。

便秘  /  润肠通便  /  功能性食品  /  结肠  /  中药

Constipation is a prevalent ailment which might significantly impact the quality of people's life and rise some associated deseases risks. In this study, a chronic constipation mouse model was established using loperamide hydrochloride. Mice were gavaged an Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound, comprised of Dang Gui [Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels], Rou Cong Rong (Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma), wheat fiber, and low-molecular-weight xylan at high dosage (3.6 g·kg-1, 30 times the recommended human dose) and low dosage (0.6 g·kg-1, 5 times the recommended human dose) for 14 days. The study assessed the therapeutic efficacy of the compound by observing fecal morphology, measuring water content, and conducting small intestine motility experiments. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were conducted to evaluate the serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones including motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), the inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Histopathological examination with H&E staining was employed to evaluate colonic tissue damage. Additionally, Western blot and immunohistochemistry experiments were conducted to examine the expression levels of aquaporin-3 (AQP3) and c-Kit in the colon. The results indicated that the Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound could improve fecal morphology, increase fecal water content, enhance small intestinal transit rates in mice. Additionally, there was a significant elevation in the serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones and a notable reduction in the levels of inflammatory factors. The improvement in colonic histopathological damage was accompanied by a marked decrease in the expression of the colonic water channel protein AQP3 and a significant increase in c-Kit expression. These results collectively suggested the presence of a dose-response relationship. These findings indicate that the Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound effectively alleviates constipation in mice. Its action is associated with the regulation of colonic water channel protein AQP3 and c-Kit expression, along with the modulation of serum inflammatory factors and gastrointestinal hormones. This experiment was approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Jinan University.

constipation  /  intestinal lubrication and constipation relief  /  functional food  /  colon  /  traditional Chinese medicine
刘洋, 石雅丽, 吴燕萍, 罗祥, 梁磊, 何蓉蓉. 当归肉苁蓉纤维复方的润肠通便药效及机制探索. 药学学报, 2024 , 59 (5) : 1238 -1244 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1337
Yang LIU, Ya-li SHI, Yan-ping WU, Xiang LUO, Lei LIANG, Rong-rong HE. Efficacy and mechanisms of an Angelica sinensis Cistanche Fiber Compound for constipation relief[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2024 , 59 (5) : 1238 -1244 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1337
便秘是一种常见的胃肠道疾病, 全球老年人(> 60岁) 便秘患病率为18.9%[1], 且女性患病率往往更高[2], 其特征是排便困难、便秘次数减少和粪便硬化等, 导致身体不适和胃肠功能紊乱, 甚至诱发或加重胃肠疾病、心血管疾病[3]等, 严重影响生活质量。中药方剂被广泛应用于改善便秘, 有良好、确切的临床疗效[4, 5]。本研究中使用的当归肉苁蓉纤维复方由肉苁蓉、当归、小麦纤维、低聚木糖配制而成, 其中肉苁蓉和当归作为通便方中常用的两味中药, 具有调理肠道功能、改善便秘的效果[6-9], 同时也是我国药食同源的两味中药, 联用可以达到补益气血、调和阴阳的效果。小麦纤维富含不可溶和可溶性膳食纤维, 可促进肠道蠕动和排便, 常作为治疗便秘辅助药物; 低聚木糖是一种功能性寡糖, 可调节肠道菌群, 从而刺激肠道蠕动, 增加粪便湿润度[10], 四味联合, 标本同治。本研究旨在评估该当归肉苁蓉纤维复方对便秘小鼠的药效, 并探索其可能的作用机制。
实验动物  无特定病原体(specific pathogen free, SPF) 级雄性昆明小鼠40只, 4~5周龄, 购于北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司, 许可证号SCXK (粤) 2021-0011, 环境温度22 ± 2 ℃, 湿度50% ± 10%, 12 h/12 h昼夜交替。实验方案及程序均符合动物使用和护理的伦理原则并已获暨南大学动物实验伦理委员会批准。
受试物  当归肉苁蓉纤维复方制剂以当归、肉苁蓉经水提、浓缩、干燥、粉碎得干膏粉(出膏率52.95%), 将干膏粉与小麦纤维、低聚木糖混合, 备用。当归(批号230404CP108)、肉苁蓉(批号230303CP109) 均购于河北万修药业有限公司, 检验符合《中国药典》2020年版一部; 低聚木糖购自山东百龙创园生物科技股份有限公司, 批号20210829026, 检验符合GB/T35545; 小麦纤维源自杰瑞斯集团(J. Rettenmaier & Söhne GmbH + Co KG), 批号07501230126。以60 kg成人计, 当归肉苁蓉纤维复方人体推荐用量为7.118 g·d-1, 其中小麦纤维的用量为3.5 g·d-1, 该复方配伍为当归∶肉苁蓉∶小麦纤维∶低聚木糖= 2∶2∶3∶2 (饮片用量以生药计)。以人体推荐用量的30倍为高剂量组, 人体推荐用量的5倍为低剂量组, 分别为3.6和0.6 g·kg-1·d-1, 用纯水配制混悬液, 混匀备用。
药品与试剂  盐酸洛哌丁胺(loperamide, LOP), 规格: 每粒含盐酸洛哌丁胺2 mg, 12粒/盒, 产品批号: MIJ3102, 购于西安杨森制药有限公司; 枸橼酸莫沙必利片(快力), 规格: 每片含枸橼酸莫沙必利5 mg, 24片/盒, 产品批号: 25220603, 购于鲁南贝特制药有限公司; 活性炭粉, 规格: 200目褐色粉末, 批号A805337, 购于上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司; 阿拉伯树胶, 规格: 粉末, 批号A108975, 购于上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司。
无水乙醇(天津大茂化学试剂厂, 64-17-5); 过硫酸铵(上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司, A6295-500g); Tris-Base (FD2010)、5×loading buffer (FD002)、β-actin抗体(FD0060)、羊抗兔二抗(FDR007)、羊抗鼠二抗(FDM007)、ECL显色试剂盒(FD8020) 均购自杭州弗德生物科技有限公司; RIPA裂解液(上海碧云天生物科技有限公司, P0013B); 4%多聚甲醛(Biosharp公司, BL539A); 免疫组化试剂盒(江苏凯基生物技术股份有限公司, KGOS60); 双吡啶甲酸(bicinchoninic acid, BCA) 蛋白定量试剂盒(Thermo Fisher Scientific公司, SLZ60212); 胃动素(motilin, MTL)、胃泌素(gastrin, GAS) 以及炎症因子白介素1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α) ELISA试剂盒(上海酶联生物科技有限公司, YJ201829、YJ037432、YJ002095、YJ301814); 水通道蛋白3 (aquaporin 3, AQP3) 抗体(Affinity公司, AF5222); c-Kit抗体(Cell Signaling Technology公司, 3074S)。
仪器  超级纯水仪(美国Millipore公司, Milli Q); 电子天平(德国Sartorius公司, BS224S); 电子分析天平(上海奔普仪器科技公司, FA2204N); 高速冷冻离心机(德国Sigma公司, 3K15); 酶标仪(美国Thermo公司, Multiskan Mk 3); 石蜡切片机(德国Leica公司, RM2255); 恒温金属浴(上海一恒科技有限公司, TU-100C); 全自动样品快速研磨仪(上海净信科技有限公司, JXFSTPRP-24); 电泳仪(北京六一生物科技有限公司, DYY-6C); 扫描显微镜(Precipoint公司, Precipoint M8); 化学发光成像系统(上海天能科技有限公司, Tanon 5200)。
分组和模型的建立  将40只小鼠适应性饲养5天后, 随机分为阴性对照组(control)、模型组(LOP)、复方高、低两个剂量组(LOP+PF-H、LOP+PF-L)、阳性对照组(枸橼酸莫沙必利, LOP+MOS)。每日上午9~10时, 除阴性对照组其他各组灌胃给予10 mg·kg-1盐酸洛哌丁胺建立小鼠便秘模型, 阴性对照组灌胃等量纯水。14~15时复方高、低剂量组分别灌胃复方3.6和0.6 g·kg-1, 阳性对照组灌胃枸橼酸莫沙必利5 mg·kg-1, 阴性对照组和模型对照组灌胃等量纯水, 连续给药14天。
小鼠状态和粪便性状  在药物干预期间观察记录各组小鼠基本状态和粪便性状, 每周称量3次体质量并调整给药量。在给药后的第3、7、10和14天, 收集每只小鼠新鲜粪便3~4粒, 立即称重记录湿重, 在烘箱中烘干后记录干重, 计算粪便含水率。粪便含水率(%) = (湿重-干重)/湿重×100%。
小肠推进功能的测定  参考文献[11]和《保健食品功能检验与评价方法(2023年版)》要求的实验方法, 在末次给药后, 各组小鼠禁食不禁水16 h, 模型组、复方高、低剂量组和阳性对照组灌胃给予盐酸洛哌丁胺混悬液(10 mg·kg-1), 阴性对照组灌胃给予等量纯水。0.5 h后复方高、低剂量组和阳性对照组分别给予含相应受试样品剂量(3.6 g·kg-1、0.6 g·kg-1、5 mg·kg-1) 的墨汁(含5%的活性炭粉、10%阿拉伯树胶), 阴性对照和模型组等量墨汁灌胃。0.5 h后立即脱颈椎处死动物, 测量“小肠总长度”和“墨汁推进长度”。计算墨汁推进率=墨汁推进长度(cm) /小肠总长度(cm) ×100%。
检测血清中MTL、GAS、TNF-α、IL-1β水平  小鼠眼球取血, 4 ℃、3 500 r·min-1离心10 min, 取上层血清, 按照ELISA试剂盒测定小鼠血清中MTL、GAS和TNF-α、IL-1β水平。
H&E检测结肠组织病理变化  取小鼠结肠用生理盐水冲洗后在4%多聚甲醛中固定, 24 h后常规包埋, 切片, 烤片, H&E染色, 在光学显微镜下观察结肠组织的病理变化。
免疫组织化学法检测结肠组织AQP3、c-Kit的表达  取各组小鼠结肠组织石蜡切片, 脱蜡, 水化, 抗原修复, 阻断内源性过氧化氢酶, 2%山羊血清封闭, 分别加入AQP3、c-Kit抗体4 ℃孵育过夜, 磷酸盐缓冲液(phosphate buffered saline, PBS) 冲洗5 min×3次, 滴加相应二抗, 37 ℃孵育1 h, PBS冲洗5 min×3次, 3, 3-二氨基苯联胺(diaminobenzidine, DAB) 显色, 蒸馏水冲洗后进行苏木素复染, 梯度乙醇脱水, 二甲苯透明, 中性树胶封片, 扫描显微镜下扫片, 采用Image J软件对结果进行分析。
Western blot法检测结肠组织AQP3和c-Kit的表达  取10 mg冷冻小鼠结肠组织置于加入150 μL含1%蛋白酶抑制剂的RIPA裂解液的离心管中, 用快速研磨仪进行组织匀浆, 将匀浆液用低温离心机以10 000 r·min-1离心10 min, 取其上清液, 通过BCA蛋白定量法测定蛋白浓度后, 与上样缓冲液混合、蛋白变性, 按每个样本30 μg蛋白上样, 进行SDS-PAGE电泳, 湿法转膜, 随后用5%脱脂奶粉室温封闭1.5 h, TBST冲洗3次, 一抗置于摇床上4 ℃孵育过夜后取出, 用TBST洗涤缓冲液冲洗3次, 二抗室温孵育1 h后再用TBST冲洗3次, ECL化学发光工作液用于显色, 全自动化学发光成像系统用于显影, 采用Image J软件对结果进行分析。
统计学方法  本实验中涉及到的所有数据均采用平均数±标准差形式表示。采用GraphPad Prism 9.5.0对实验数据进行绘图, 组间比较采用单因素或多因素方差分析(one way ANOVA or two way ANOVA); 组间差异有统计学意义时, 采用最小显著法(least-significant difference, LSD) 进行组间的两两比较, 以P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。
造模期间各组小鼠体质量均正常增长, 组间无显著差异(P > 0.05, 图 1A)。造模3天后发现模型组小鼠毛发枯燥, 易激怒, 观察各组小鼠第3、7、10、14天粪便性状, 随造模时间延长模型组小鼠粪便性状串珠状, 干燥、质地偏硬, 粪便体积减小, 并随造模时间延长逐渐加重, 给予复方高、低剂量或莫沙必利干预后上述症状均有所缓解, 且各复方剂量组和莫沙必利组均未出现腹泻现象。
收集各组小鼠第3、7、10、14天的粪便测量粪便含水率, 第3天模型组粪便含水率显著低于阴性对照组(P < 0.001) 和阳性对照组(P < 0.05), 复方高、低剂量组粪便含水率均显著高于模型组(P < 0.05); 第14天, 模型组粪便含水率显著低于阴性对照组(P < 0.001) 和阳性对照组(P < 0.05), 复方高剂量组粪便含水率显著高于模型组(P < 0.05), 见表 1。中间第7天和第10天给予复方高、低剂量组和莫沙必利组粪便含水率相比于模型组略有增加, 但没有显著性差异(P > 0.05)。
结果显示(图 1B), 模型组墨汁推进率显著低于阴性对照组(P < 0.001) 和阳性对照组(P < 0.001), 复方高剂量组墨汁推进率显著高于模型组(P < 0.05); 复方低剂量组墨汁推进率高于模型组, 但无显著性差异(P > 0.05)。表明当归肉苁蓉纤维复方可提高小鼠小肠推进功能。
与阴性对照组相比, 模型组小鼠血清中MTL、GAS含量显著降低(P < 0.001); 与阳性对照组相比, 模型组小鼠血清中MTL、GAS含量显著降低(P < 0.001); 与模型组相比, 复方高剂量组小鼠血清中MTL、GAS含量显著升高(P < 0.001), 复方低剂量组小鼠血清中MTL含量显著升高(P < 0.01), GAS含量有所升高, 但无显著性差异(P > 0.05) (图 2AB)。表明当归肉苁蓉纤维复方可提高小鼠血清中胃肠激素的含量。
与阴性对照组相比, 模型组小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β含量显著升高(P < 0.001), 与阳性对照组相比, 模型组小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β含量显著升高(P < 0.01, P < 0.001); 与模型组相比, 复方高剂量组小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β含量显著降低(P < 0.001), 复方低剂量组小鼠血清中TNF-α含量有所降低, 但无显著性差异(P > 0.05), IL-1β含量显著降低(P < 0.01) (图 2CD)。表明当归肉苁蓉纤维复方可降低小鼠血清中的炎症因子含量。
H&E染色观察结肠组织病理变化, 结果显示: 与阴性对照组相比, 模型组结肠黏膜损伤, 腺体萎缩、排列不整齐; 与模型组相比, 复方高、低剂量组可见结肠黏膜损伤和腺体排列改善(图 3)。表明当归肉苁蓉纤维复方能改善肠道组织受损情况, 增强结肠功能, 修复受损肠屏障。
Western blot结果显示, 与阴性对照组相比, 模型组小鼠结肠AQP3蛋白表达显著升高(P < 0.001); 与模型组相比, 复方高、低剂量组结肠中AQP3蛋白表达显著低于模型组(P < 0.001, 图 4A); 进一步通过免疫组化结果显示, 与阴性对照组相比, 模型组小鼠结肠AQP3阳性区域显著升高(P < 0.001); 与模型组相比, 复方高、低剂量组结肠中AQP3阳性区域显著低于模型组(P < 0.001, 图 4B)。以上结果显示, 当归肉苁蓉纤维复方可显著降低便秘小鼠结肠中主要的水通道蛋白AQP3的表达。
Western blot结果显示, 与阴性对照组相比, 模型组小鼠结肠c-Kit表达显著降低(P < 0.01); 与模型组相比, 复方高、低剂量组结肠中c-Kit表达显著高于模型组(P < 0.001, P < 0.05, 图 5A)。进一步通过免疫组化结果显示, 与阴性对照组相比, 模型组小鼠结肠c-Kit阳性区域显著降低(P < 0.05); 与模型组相比, 复方高、低剂量组结肠中c-Kit阳性区域显著高于模型组(P < 0.05, 图 5B)。以上结果表明, 当归肉苁蓉纤维复方可降低便秘小鼠结肠中c-Kit的表达。
便秘疾病往往具有反复性强的特点, 反复使用药物治疗会造成肠道功能的恶性循环。功能性食品是一种新兴的治疗便秘的方法, 在近年来备受关注。国家最新发布了《保健食品功能检验与评价方法(2023年版)》, “有助于润肠通便检验方法”中动物实验要求能够反映小肠胃肠蠕动功能和小鼠排便情况, 本实验通过灌胃盐酸洛哌丁胺建立了小鼠慢性便秘模型, 并通过灌胃不同剂量的当归肉苁蓉纤维复方来检验其润肠通便功能, 探讨其可能的作用机制。本研究通过观察造模期间小鼠的粪便性状, 测量其粪便含水率来表征其便秘状态, Huang等[12]发现在皮下注射洛哌丁胺造成的便秘小鼠模型中, 小鼠粪便形态显著改变, 出现颗粒小、干结等, 也有研究表明便秘小鼠粪便变黑, 触感坚硬, 呈串珠状[13]。在本研究中, 小鼠粪便质硬, 发黑, 颗粒变小, 并随造模时间延长逐渐加重, 与阴性对照组形态上具有显著差异, 而给予复方药物干预后能够缓解这一症状。在造模3天后, 其粪便含水率显著低于阴性对照组, 而第7天各造模组粪便含水率均有所回升, 推测可能是造模药洛哌丁胺出现耐药性和平台期[14, 15], 但随着造模的时间延长, 除阴性对照组外各组粪便含水率均呈下降趋势。经过复方高、低剂量或阳性药干预后, 均能提高其粪便含水率; 进一步通过小肠运动实验反映其小肠推进功能, 与阴性对照组相比, 模型组小肠推进率显著降低, 经复方和莫沙必利干预后, 能够得到显著提高, 通过以上指标表明当归肉苁蓉纤维复方可有效改善便秘, 具有提高肠道运动、润肠通便的功能, 呈现一定的剂量-效应关系。
本研究取结肠进行病理观察, 显示模型组结肠黏膜受损严重, 腺体萎缩, 复方高、低剂量组均能改善结肠黏膜损伤和腺体状况。另外, 炎症因子累积可能激活相关蛋白的表达导致结肠的损伤, 胃肠激素能够调控胃肠道运动和水、电解质的运输, MTL、GAS是两种主要的兴奋性胃肠激素[16], MTL主要刺激胃和小肠的运动, GAS促进胃黏膜生成和胃酸分泌以提高胃动力[17], 在研究中表明当归肉苁蓉纤维复方可能通过改善炎症水平来降低结肠损伤, 并通过GAS、MTL提高小肠运动功能。
水通道蛋白是参与肠道内水液代谢的关键蛋白, 其表达的失调会造成肠道内粪便水分的过度吸收, 可能是造成粪便干燥的关键因素[18], AQP3是结肠中主要的水通道蛋白, 另外间质Cajal细胞(interstitial cell of Cajal, ICCs) 作为肠道起搏器, 调节肠道平滑肌的收缩和放松, 以维持正常的肠道蠕动和排便[19]。c-Kit是一种Ⅲ型受体酪氨酸激酶, 可特异性结合干细胞因子(stem cell factor, SCF), ICCs表面的c-Kit的激活与细胞增殖、分化和功能密切相关。通过c-Kit蛋白可以反映肠道中ICC的数量, 有研究表明肉苁蓉和当归均可通过调控水通道蛋白来改善便秘[20], 与文献报道一致, 模型组结肠中AQP3显著升高、c-Kit显著降低, 给予复方高、低剂量干预后能够显著回调, 表明当归肉苁蓉纤维复方可调节肠道水通道蛋白和Cajaj细胞的水平, 从而改善粪便含水率和肠道运动功能。
综上所述, 当归肉苁蓉纤维复方可有效改善小鼠慢传输型便秘, 其机制可能通过改善血清中炎症因子和胃肠激素水平, 进而改善肠道黏膜损伤和免疫屏障, 同时也能通过调控结肠中的水通道蛋白AQP3和c-Kit的表达来改善肠道水液运输和运动功能。
作者贡献: 刘洋负责整体实验研究、数据分析统计和论文撰写; 石雅丽参与和协助数据采集和分析; 梁磊和吴燕萍参与实验方案设计指导、论文修改; 罗祥参与实验方案讨论并提供指导意见; 何蓉蓉负责指导实验设计、提供研究经费和平台支持。
利益冲突: 所有作者声明无任何利益冲突。
  • 广东省粤港澳高校联合实验室(2023LSYS002)
  • 广东创新团队(2020KCXTD003)
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2024年第59卷第5期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1337
  • 接收时间:2023-11-28
  • 首发时间:2025-11-27
  • 出版时间:2024-05-12
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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-28
  • 修回日期:2024-02-05
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广东省粤港澳高校联合实验室(2023LSYS002)
广东创新团队(2020KCXTD003)
作者信息
    1.暨南大学药学院, 广东 广州 510632
    2.云南中医药大学中药学院, 云南 昆明 650500
    3.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心, 中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
    4.暨南大学药学院, 广东省中药药效物质基础及创新药物研究重点实验室, 广东 广州 510632
    5.暨南大学, 教育部中药与创新药物研究国际合作联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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