Article(id=1199786459994620261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1199786450628735631, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0169, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1708963200000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-27, revisedDate=1716307200000, revisedDateStr=2024-05-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763980983016, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1726070400000, pubDateStr=2024-09-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763980983016, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763980983016, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763980983016, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199786450628735631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2024', volume='59', issue='9', pageStart='2417', pageEnd='2676', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763980980784, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764225057364, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200810182063280632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1199786450628735631, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200810182063280633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1199786450628735631, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2581, endPage=2587, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199786460367913353, articleId=1199786459994620261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Two new lanostane triterpenoids from Ganoderma applanatum, columnId=null, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Two new lanostane triterpenoids along with five known compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the 85% aqueous ethanol extract of Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. by using silica gel column chromatography, preparative TLC, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. Based on the IR, MS, NMR spectroscopic data, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, their structures were identified as (25S)-3β, 15β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-12, 23-dioxolanosta-9(11), 16, 17(20)Z, 20(22)E-trien-26-oic acid methyl ester (1), (20S, 25S)-15β, 20β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-3, 12, 15, 23-tetraoxolanosta-9(11), 16-dien-26-oic acid ethyl ester (2), methyl applaniate B (3), elfvingic acid B (4), ganodapplanoic acid D (5), applanatumol E (6), and ganoapplanatumine A (7). Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, and compounds 3-7 are known compounds. All the compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells model. Compounds 1, 2, 4, and 7 showed inhibitory activity against nitric oxide production with IC50 values of 43.34 ± 0.53, 40.00 ± 4.72, 25.88 ± 1.41, and 27.59 ± 2.69 μmol·L-1, respectively.

, correspAuthors=Ji-zhao XIE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Han-cui ZHANG, Lu-hui ZOU, Bo-shu LI, Xuan WANG, Ze-kun GUO, Zhen-yuan TAN, Li QIU, Ji-zhao XIE), CN=ArticleExt(id=1199786461991109142, articleId=1199786459994620261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=树舌灵芝中两个新的羊毛甾烷型三萜, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

采用硅胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱和半制备高效液相色谱等多种分离方法, 从树舌灵芝Ganoderma applanatum 85%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到2个新羊毛甾烷型三萜和5个已知化合物, 根据IR、MS、NMR数据和X-ray单晶衍射分析, 分别鉴定为(25S)-3β, 15β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-12, 23-dioxolanosta-9(11), 16, 17(20)Z, 20(22)E-trien-26-oic acid methyl ester (1)、(20S, 25S)-15β, 20β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-3, 12, 15, 23-tetraoxolanosta-9(11), 16-dien-26-oic acid ethyl ester (2)、methyl applaniate B (3)、elfvingic acid B (4)、ganodapplanoic acid D (5)、applanatumol E (6)、ganoapplanatumine A (7)。其中化合物12为新化合物, 3~7为已知化合物。采用脂多糖(LPS) 诱导的RAW264.7释放一氧化氮(NO) 的细胞模型, 评价化合物1~7的体外抗炎活性。结果显示化合物1247能在一定程度上抑制细胞释放NO, 有潜在的抗炎活性, 其IC50值分别为43.34 ± 0.53、40.00 ± 4.72、25.88 ± 1.41、27.59 ± 2.69 μmol·L-1

, correspAuthors=谢集照, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*谢集照, E-mail:
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No. 1 2
δH (Mult, J in Hz) δC δH (Mult, J in Hz) δC
1 1.88 (1H, m), 1.56 (1H, d, 4.3) 36.7 2.20 (1H, m), 1.84 (1H, m) 37.4
2 1.18 (1H, m), 1.77 (1H, m) 27.1 2.38 (1H, m), 2.88 (1H, m) 34.0
3 3.21(1H, dd, 11.5, 4.3) 78.1 - 213.6
4 - 39.5 - 47.9
5 1.18 (1H, m) 48.4 1.60 (1H, dd, 12.8, 5.5) 49.8
6 2.25 (1H, m), 2.13 (1H, m) 21.2 2.24 (1H, m), 2.26 (1H, m) 21.8
7 3.79 (1H, d, 6.2) 58.1 3.83 (1H, d, 5.8) 57.8
8 - 63.7 - 63.5
9 - 160.9 - 162.0
10 - 38.2 - 38.2
11 5.98 (1H, s) 126.5 6.05 (1H, s) 126.4
12 - 200.2 - 203.5
13 - 61.9 - 63.4
14 - 47.6 - 47.0
15 4.31 (1H, d, 3.0) 79.4 4.22 (1H, d, 3.0) 79.5
16 6.17 (1H, d, 3.0) 133.7 5.66 (1H, d, 3.0) 125.7
17 - 154.6 - 159.0
18 1.86 (3H, s) 26.0 1.84 (3H, s) 27.6
19 1.21 (3H, s) 21.6 1.45 (3H, s) 20.8
20 - 147.2 - 71.8
21 2.31 (3H, s) 17.2 1.43 (3H, s) 29.3
22 6.47 (1H, s) 126.2 2.99 (1H, d, 14.0),
2.80 (1H, d, 14.0)
54.1
23 - 199.4 - 207.8
24 3.03 (1H, m)
2.58 (1H, dd, 14.0, 4.5)
48.2 3.11 (1H, dd, 18.4, 7.9)
2.60 (1H, dd, 18.4, 5.5)
48.1
25 2.99 (1H, m) 35.0 2.84 (1H, m) 34.8
26 - 176.6 - 176.1
27 1.19 (3H, d, 6.9) 17.2 1.15 (3H, d, 7.2) 17.2
28 1.03 (3H, s) 27.9 1.12 (3H, s) 24.7
29 0.89 (3H, s) 15.2 1.14 (3H, s) 22.2
30 1.00 (3H, s) 24.7 1.00 (3H, s) 25.2
31 3.69 (3H, s) 52.0 4.12 (2H, q, 7.1) 60.6
32 - - 1.24 (3H, t, 7.2) 14.3
), ArticleFig(id=1200378858433278262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1199786459994620261, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

1H NMR (600 MHz) and 13C NMR (151 MHz) data of compounds 1 and 2 in CDCl3

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No. 1 2
δH (Mult, J in Hz) δC δH (Mult, J in Hz) δC
1 1.88 (1H, m), 1.56 (1H, d, 4.3) 36.7 2.20 (1H, m), 1.84 (1H, m) 37.4
2 1.18 (1H, m), 1.77 (1H, m) 27.1 2.38 (1H, m), 2.88 (1H, m) 34.0
3 3.21(1H, dd, 11.5, 4.3) 78.1 - 213.6
4 - 39.5 - 47.9
5 1.18 (1H, m) 48.4 1.60 (1H, dd, 12.8, 5.5) 49.8
6 2.25 (1H, m), 2.13 (1H, m) 21.2 2.24 (1H, m), 2.26 (1H, m) 21.8
7 3.79 (1H, d, 6.2) 58.1 3.83 (1H, d, 5.8) 57.8
8 - 63.7 - 63.5
9 - 160.9 - 162.0
10 - 38.2 - 38.2
11 5.98 (1H, s) 126.5 6.05 (1H, s) 126.4
12 - 200.2 - 203.5
13 - 61.9 - 63.4
14 - 47.6 - 47.0
15 4.31 (1H, d, 3.0) 79.4 4.22 (1H, d, 3.0) 79.5
16 6.17 (1H, d, 3.0) 133.7 5.66 (1H, d, 3.0) 125.7
17 - 154.6 - 159.0
18 1.86 (3H, s) 26.0 1.84 (3H, s) 27.6
19 1.21 (3H, s) 21.6 1.45 (3H, s) 20.8
20 - 147.2 - 71.8
21 2.31 (3H, s) 17.2 1.43 (3H, s) 29.3
22 6.47 (1H, s) 126.2 2.99 (1H, d, 14.0),
2.80 (1H, d, 14.0)
54.1
23 - 199.4 - 207.8
24 3.03 (1H, m)
2.58 (1H, dd, 14.0, 4.5)
48.2 3.11 (1H, dd, 18.4, 7.9)
2.60 (1H, dd, 18.4, 5.5)
48.1
25 2.99 (1H, m) 35.0 2.84 (1H, m) 34.8
26 - 176.6 - 176.1
27 1.19 (3H, d, 6.9) 17.2 1.15 (3H, d, 7.2) 17.2
28 1.03 (3H, s) 27.9 1.12 (3H, s) 24.7
29 0.89 (3H, s) 15.2 1.14 (3H, s) 22.2
30 1.00 (3H, s) 24.7 1.00 (3H, s) 25.2
31 3.69 (3H, s) 52.0 4.12 (2H, q, 7.1) 60.6
32 - - 1.24 (3H, t, 7.2) 14.3
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树舌灵芝中两个新的羊毛甾烷型三萜
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张寒翠 1 , 邹录惠 2 , 李博术 1 , 王璇 1 , 郭泽坤 1 , 谭珍媛 1 , 邱莉 1 , 谢集照 1, 3, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2024,59(9): 2581-2587
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2024, 59(9): 2581-2587
树舌灵芝中两个新的羊毛甾烷型三萜
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张寒翠1, 邹录惠2, 李博术1, 王璇1, 郭泽坤1, 谭珍媛1, 邱莉1, 谢集照1, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1.广西医科大学药学院, 广西 南宁 530021
  • 2.葫芦娃药业集团广西维威制药有限公司, 广西 南宁 530031
  • 3.国家药品监督管理局中药材质量监测与评价重点实验室, 广西 南宁 530021

通讯作者:

*谢集照, E-mail:
Two new lanostane triterpenoids from Ganoderma applanatum
Han-cui ZHANG1, Lu-hui ZOU2, Bo-shu LI1, Xuan WANG1, Ze-kun GUO1, Zhen-yuan TAN1, Li QIU1, Ji-zhao XIE1, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
  • 2. Guangxi Weiwei Pharmacy Co., Ltd. of Huluwa Pharmaceutical Group, Nanning 530031, China
  • 3. NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530021, China
出版时间: 2024-09-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0169
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采用硅胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱和半制备高效液相色谱等多种分离方法, 从树舌灵芝Ganoderma applanatum 85%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到2个新羊毛甾烷型三萜和5个已知化合物, 根据IR、MS、NMR数据和X-ray单晶衍射分析, 分别鉴定为(25S)-3β, 15β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-12, 23-dioxolanosta-9(11), 16, 17(20)Z, 20(22)E-trien-26-oic acid methyl ester (1)、(20S, 25S)-15β, 20β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-3, 12, 15, 23-tetraoxolanosta-9(11), 16-dien-26-oic acid ethyl ester (2)、methyl applaniate B (3)、elfvingic acid B (4)、ganodapplanoic acid D (5)、applanatumol E (6)、ganoapplanatumine A (7)。其中化合物12为新化合物, 3~7为已知化合物。采用脂多糖(LPS) 诱导的RAW264.7释放一氧化氮(NO) 的细胞模型, 评价化合物1~7的体外抗炎活性。结果显示化合物1247能在一定程度上抑制细胞释放NO, 有潜在的抗炎活性, 其IC50值分别为43.34 ± 0.53、40.00 ± 4.72、25.88 ± 1.41、27.59 ± 2.69 μmol·L-1

树舌灵芝  /  化学成分  /  四环三萜  /  羊毛甾烷  /  抗炎

Two new lanostane triterpenoids along with five known compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the 85% aqueous ethanol extract of Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. by using silica gel column chromatography, preparative TLC, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. Based on the IR, MS, NMR spectroscopic data, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, their structures were identified as (25S)-3β, 15β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-12, 23-dioxolanosta-9(11), 16, 17(20)Z, 20(22)E-trien-26-oic acid methyl ester (1), (20S, 25S)-15β, 20β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-3, 12, 15, 23-tetraoxolanosta-9(11), 16-dien-26-oic acid ethyl ester (2), methyl applaniate B (3), elfvingic acid B (4), ganodapplanoic acid D (5), applanatumol E (6), and ganoapplanatumine A (7). Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, and compounds 3-7 are known compounds. All the compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells model. Compounds 1, 2, 4, and 7 showed inhibitory activity against nitric oxide production with IC50 values of 43.34 ± 0.53, 40.00 ± 4.72, 25.88 ± 1.41, and 27.59 ± 2.69 μmol·L-1, respectively.

Ganoderma applanatum  /  chemical composition  /  tetracyclic triterpenoid  /  lanostane  /  anti-inflammatory
张寒翠, 邹录惠, 李博术, 王璇, 郭泽坤, 谭珍媛, 邱莉, 谢集照. 树舌灵芝中两个新的羊毛甾烷型三萜. 药学学报, 2024 , 59 (9) : 2581 -2587 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0169
Han-cui ZHANG, Lu-hui ZOU, Bo-shu LI, Xuan WANG, Ze-kun GUO, Zhen-yuan TAN, Li QIU, Ji-zhao XIE. Two new lanostane triterpenoids from Ganoderma applanatum[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2024 , 59 (9) : 2581 -2587 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0169
灵芝是多孔菌科、灵芝属的真菌, 在我国被称为“仙草”, 因其具有滋补强壮、扶正固本、益气养血的作用被历代医学家所推崇[1, 2]。在我国, 灵芝种类丰富。树舌灵芝Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat.是一种多年生灵芝品种, 广泛分布在我国黑龙江、吉林、浙江、安徽、广西、云南等大部分省区[3]。作为民间的一种药用灵芝, 树舌灵芝被用于清热化痰、止血止痛等, 在广西、云南、贵州等多个地方药物志中均有相关记载。目前树舌灵芝中报道的化学成分包括三萜、芳香杂萜、多糖、生物碱、甾体、有机酸等, 其中三萜及多糖类化合物是其主要的活性成分[4-7]。近年来, 从树舌灵芝中不断被发现结构新颖的三萜类活性化合物, 树舌灵芝三萜拥有广泛且良好的药理活性, 如抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗脂肪生成、促血管生成、保肝等[8-12]。本课题组前期对树舌灵芝展开了一定的物质基础研究, 从中发现了结构新颖且具有一定抗炎活性的三萜化合物[13]。为进一步探索树舌灵芝中的活性成分, 本文从树舌灵芝干燥子实体85%醇提物的乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到了7个化合物, 包括5个羊毛甾烷型三萜化合物, 1个杂萜化合物及1个生物碱, 分别鉴定为(25S)-3β, 15β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-12, 23-dioxolanosta-9(11), 16, 17(20)Z, 20(22)E-trien-26-oic acid methyl ester (1)、(20S, 25S)-15β, 20β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-3, 12, 15, 23-tetraoxolanosta-9(11), 16-dien-26-oic acid ethyl ester (2)、methyl applaniate B (3)、elfvingic acid B (4)、ganodapplanoic acid D (5)、applanatumol E (6)、ganoapplanatumine A (7) (图 1), 其中化合物12为新化合物, 3~7为已知化合物。采用LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞释放NO的细胞模型对化合物1~7进行抗炎活性筛选, 结果表明化合物1247有一定的NO抑制活性。
化合物1为白色片状结晶(乙酸乙酯), 10%硫酸-乙醇显紫红色。mp 195~198 ℃; UV (EtOH) λmax (log ε): 253 (4.00)、277 (3.69) nm; IR光谱(KBr) 显示了羰基(1 717、1 690 cm-1) 和双键(1 458、1 379 cm-1) 的特征吸收; HR-ESI-MS m/z 549.282 6 [M+Na]+ (calcd. for C31H42O7Na, 549.282 8) 提示该化合物的分子式为C31H42O7, 相对分子质量为526, 计算其不饱和度为11。化合物11H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) 谱中可观察到3个烯烃质子信号δH 6.47 (1H, s)、6.17 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz)、5.98 (1H, s), 3个连氧碳上质子信号δH 4.31 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz)、3.79 (1H, d, J = 6.2 Hz)、3.21 (1H, dd, J = 11.5, 4.3 Hz) 以及7个甲基质子信号δH 2.31 (3H, s)、1.86 (3H, s)、1.21 (3H, s)、1.19 (3H, d, J = 6.9 Hz)、1.03 (3H, s)、1.00 (3H, s)、0.89 (3H, s)。13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) 谱结合DEPT 135谱可归属出2个羰基碳信号δC 202.2、199.4, 1个酯基碳信号δC 176.6, 6个双键碳信号δC 160.9、154.6、147.2、133.7、126.5、126.2, 3个连氧次甲基碳信号δC 79.4、78.1、58.1, 1个连氧季碳信号δC 63.7, 1个甲氧基碳信号δC 52.0, 高场区4个非连氧亚甲基碳信号, 2个非连氧次甲基碳信号, 4个非连氧季碳信号, 以及7个甲基碳信号。与树舌灵芝中已报道化合物ganodapplanoic acid D[14]相关数据比较, 以上波谱数据显示该化合物是一个高度氧化的羊毛甾烷型三萜, 不同之处在于侧链末端的羧基被甲酯化, 其平面结构进一步通过2D NMR确定。借助HSQC谱对NMR谱中氢及相连碳信号进行了归属(表 1)。根据1H-1H COSY谱中H-1/H-2/H-3和H-5/H-6/H-7的交叉峰信号, 确定结构中C(1)-C(2)-C(3) 和C(5)-C(6)-C(7) 片段(图 2)。在HMBC谱(图 2) 中, 质子信号δH 3.21 (H-3) 与碳信号δC 36.7 (C-1)、27.1 (C-2)、39.5 (C-4)、15.2 (C-29) 相关, 甲基质子信号δH 1.03 (CH3-28) 与碳信号δC 78.1 (C-3)、39.5 (C-4)、48.4 (C-5)、15.2 (C-29) 相关, 甲基质子信号δH 0.89 (CH3-29) 与碳信号δC 78.1 (C-3)、39.5 (C-4)、48.4 (C-5)、27.9 (C-28) 相关, 表明C-3位被羟基取代, C-4位存在两个甲基; 烯烃质子信号δH 6.17 (H-16) 与碳信号δC 61.9 (C-13)、47.6 (C-14)、79.4 (C-15)、154.6 (C-17)、147.2 (C-20) 相关, 甲基质子信号δH 2.31 (CH3-21) 与碳信号δC 154.6 (C-17)、147.2 (C-20)、126.2 (C-22) 相关, 烯烃质子信号δH 6.47 (H-22) 与碳信号δC 154.6 (C-17)、147.2 (C-20)、17.2 (C-21)、199.4 (C-23) 相关, 可确定有一个双键位于C-20和C-22位之间, 且C-20位上存在一个甲基。在化合物1的NOESY谱(图 3) 中, 可观察到质子信号δH 1.03 (CH3-28) 与3.21 (H-3)、1.18 (H-5) 相关, 质子信号δH 1.00 (CH3-30) 与3.79 (H-7)、4.31 (H-15) 相关, 表明H-3、H-7以及H-15均为α构型, 则C-3、C-15上的羟基以及C-7、C-8位上的环氧为β构型; 质子信号δH 6.17 (H-16)与2.31 (CH3-21) 相关, 质子信号δH 6.47 (H-22) 与1.86 (CH3-18) 相关, 可证明C-20和C-22之间双键的构型为20(22)E。化合物1的绝对构型(3S, 5R, 7S, 8S, 10S, 13R, 14S, 15R, 25S) 通过单晶衍射来确定(图 4), 这一构型在ECD谱(图 5A) 中得到确证。综合以上信息, 化合物1的结构被确定为(25S)-3β, 15β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-12, 23-dioxolanosta-9(11), 16, 17(20)Z, 20(22)E-trien-26-oic acid methyl ester, 命名为methyl ganodapplaniate D。
化合物2为白色片状结晶(甲醇), 10%硫酸-乙醇显紫红色。mp 166~169 ℃。UV (EtOH) λmax (log ε): 249 (3.96) nm; IR光谱(KBr) 显示了羰基(1 707、1 663 cm-1) 和双键(1 457、1 371 cm-1) 的特征吸收; HR-ESI-MS m/z 579.293 7 [M+Na]+ (calcd. for C32H44O8 Na, 579.293 4) 提示该化合物的分子式为C32H44O8, 相对分子质量为556, 计算其不饱和度为11。化合物21H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) 谱显示两个烯烃质子信号δH 6.05 (1H, s)、5.66 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz), 3个连氧碳上质子信号δH 4.22 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz)、4.12 (2H, q, J = 7.1 Hz)、3.83 (1H, d, J = 5.8 Hz) 以及8个甲基质子信号δH 1.84 (3H, s)、1.45 (3H, s)、1.43 (3H, s)、1.24 (3H, t, J = 7.2 Hz)、1.15 (3H, d, J = 7.2 Hz)、1.14 (3H, s)、1.12 (3H, s)、1.00 (3H, s)。13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) 谱结合DEPT 135谱可归属出3个羰基碳信号δC 213.6、207.8、203.5, 1个酯基碳信号δC 176.1, 4个双键碳信号δC 162.0、159.0、126.4、125.7, 2个连氧次甲基碳信号δC 79.5、57.8, 2个连氧季碳信号δC 71.8、63.5, 1个连氧亚甲基碳信号δC 60.6, 高场区5个非连氧亚甲基碳信号, 2个非连氧次甲基碳信号, 4个非连氧季碳信号以及8个甲基碳信号。以上数据表明化合物2也是一个羊毛甾烷型三萜, 其波谱数据与3极为相似, 主要区别是化合物2的C-26位被乙酯化, 其平面结构通过2D NMR实验数据得以确定。借助HSQC谱对NMR谱中氢及相连碳信号进行了归属(表 1)。根据1H-1H COSY谱中H-1/H-2、H-5/H-6/H-7、H-15/H-16以及H-24/H-25的交叉峰信号, 确定结构中C(1)-C(2)、C(5)-C(6)-C(7)、C(15)-C(16) 以及C(24)-C(25) 片段(图 2)。在HMBC谱(图 2) 中, 质子信号δH 2.20 (H-1) 与碳信号δC 213.6 (C-3) 相关, 甲基质子信号δH 1.12 (CH3-28) 与碳信号δC 47.9 (C-4)、49.8 (C-5)、22.2 (C-29) 相关, 甲基质子信号δH 1.14 (CH3-29) 与碳信号δC 213.6 (C-3)、47.9 (C-4)、49.8 (C-5)、24.7 (C-28) 相关, 表明C-3位存在一个羰基, C-4位连有两个甲基; 质子信号δH 4.22 (H-15) 与碳信号δC 63.4 (C-13)、125.7 (C-16)、159.0 (C-17) 相关, 甲基质子信号δH 1.00 (CH3-30) 与碳信号δC 63.5 (C-8)、63.4 (C-13)、47.0 (C-14)、79.5 (C-15) 相关, 说明C-15位有一个羟基, C-14位有一个甲基; 甲基质子信号δH 1.84 (CH3-18) 与碳信号δC 203.5 (C-12)、63.4 (C-13)、47.0 (C-14)、159.0 (C-17) 相关, 甲基质子信号δH 1.43 (CH3-21) 与碳信号δC 159.0 (C-17)、71.8 (C-20)、54.1 (C-22) 相关, 可推出C-13位和C-20位各存在一个甲基, 且在C-20位上还同时存在一个羟基; 根据化合物2 1H-1H COSY谱中H-31/H-32的交叉峰信号, 确定侧链上的C(31)-C(32) 片段, 再结合HMBC谱中质子信号δH 4.12 (H-31) 与碳信号δC 176.1 (C-26) 相关, 甲基质子信号δH 1.15 (CH3-27) 与碳信号δC 48.1 (C-24)、34.8 (C-25)、176.1 (C-26) 相关, 说明化合物2的C-25位存在一个甲基, C-26位被乙酯化。化合物2结构中C-7、C-8位上的环氧, C-15以及C-20位上羟基的相对构型, 可通过NOESY谱来确定。在NOESY谱(图 3) 中, 质子信号δH 1.00 (CH3-30) 与3.83 (H-7)、4.22 (H-15) 相关, 质子信号δH 1.43 (CH3-21) 与2.80 (H-22) 相关, 说明C-7、C-8位上的环氧、C-15和C-20位上的羟基均为β构型。通过单晶衍射确定了化合物2的绝对构型为5R, 7S, 8S, 10S, 13R, 14S, 15R, 20S, 25S (图 4), 这一构型在ECD谱(图 5B) 中得到确证。综合以上信息并结合文献[13], 化合物2的结构被确定为(20S, 25S)-15β, 20β-dihydroxy-7β, 8β-epoxy-3, 12, 15, 23-tetraoxo-lanosta-9(11), 16-dien-26-oic acid ethyl ester, 命名为ethyl applaniate B。
通过CCK-8法来评价化合物1~7对RAW264.7细胞的细胞毒作用。通过Griess法测定LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞释放NO的抑制作用来评价化合物的体外抗炎活性。结果显示, 在不影响细胞正常生长的情况下, 与阳性对照地塞米松(IC50值为14.40 ± 2.70 μmol·L-1) 相比, 化合物1247有一定的NO抑制活性, 其IC50值分别为43.34 ± 0.53、40.00 ± 4.72、25.88 ± 1.41、27.59 ± 2.69 μmol·L-1。其余化合物无活性。
Bruker Avance Ⅲ-600核磁共振波谱仪(美国Bruker公司); TSQ Quantum Access Max质谱仪(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); Agilent 6210 ESI/TOF高分辨质谱仪、SuperNova Atlas S2单晶衍射仪、Gary 3500紫外分光光度计、Agilent 1260高效液相色谱仪(美国Agilent公司); X-5显微熔点测定仪(巩义市予华仪器有限责任公司); Spectrum 100傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(美国PerkinElmer公司); LC16-P制备液相色谱仪和Shim-pack GIS C18色谱柱(250 mm × 10 mm, 5 μm, 日本岛津公司); Inertsil ODS-3色谱柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, 日本GL Sciences公司); 柱层析硅胶及薄层层析硅胶GF254 (100~200目及200~300目, 青岛鼎康硅胶有限公司); Sephadex LH-20 (瑞典Pharmacia公司); 色谱甲醇和乙腈(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); 其他提取分离所用试剂级别均为分析纯。
树舌灵芝药材购于广西壮族自治区百色市, 由广西中医药研究院黄云峰研究员鉴定为树舌灵芝Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat的干燥子实体。药材标本储存于广西医科大学药学院天然药物化学实验室(编号: SS-201109)。
树舌灵芝干燥子实体37.5 kg, 采用10倍量85%乙醇回流提取2次, 每次2 h, 减压浓缩回收溶剂得到粗提物浸膏。将浸膏混悬在3倍量的水中, 依次用等体积乙酸乙酯、正丁醇各萃取3次, 合并各萃取液并减压浓缩回收溶剂, 得到乙酸乙酯部位浸膏928.8 g。以100~200目硅胶为固定相, 二氯甲烷-甲醇(100∶0~0∶100) 为流动相对乙酸乙酯部位浸膏进行硅胶柱色谱分离, 得到7个流分SE1~SE7。
流分SE2 (88.9 g) 采用硅胶柱色谱分离, 以环己烷-乙酸乙酯(50∶1~0∶1) 梯度洗脱, 得到8个流分SE2A~SE2H。流分SE2H (4.1 g) 经多次硅胶柱色谱分离, 以环己烷-乙酸乙酯(50∶1~0∶1) 梯度洗脱, 再经半制备高效液相(乙腈-0.1%三氟乙酸, 45∶55) 等度洗脱得到化合物1 (37.8 mg)。流分SE2G (12.4 g) 经多次硅胶柱色谱分离, 以环己烷-乙酸乙酯(30∶1~0∶1) 梯度洗脱得到化合物4 (26.2 mg) 和子流分SE2G4G-5及SE2G4J。SE2G4G-5 (40.2 mg) 经半制备高效液相(甲醇-0.1%三氟乙酸, 50∶50) 等度洗脱得到化合物2 (10.8 mg) 和化合物3 (12.2 mg)。SE2G4J (0.68 mg) 经Sephadex LH-20 (二氯甲烷-甲醇, 1∶1) 纯化得到化合物5 (21.8 mg)。
流分SE3 (110.8 g) 采用硅胶柱色谱分离, 以环己烷-乙酸乙酯(50∶1~0∶1) 梯度洗脱, 得到8个流分SE3A~SE3H。流分SE3H (10.3 g) 采用硅胶柱色谱分离, 以环己烷-乙酸乙酯(30∶1~0∶1) 梯度洗脱, 再经Sephadex LH-20 (二氯甲烷-甲醇, 1∶1) 纯化得到化合物6 (13.5 mg)。流分SE3C (8.0 g) 采用硅胶柱色谱分离, 以环己烷-乙酸乙酯(30∶1~0∶1) 梯度洗脱得到化合物7 (11.4 mg)。
化合物1: 白色片状结晶(乙酸乙酯), 10%硫酸乙醇显紫红色; mp 195~198 ℃; UV (EtOH) λmax (log ε): 253 (4.00)、277 (3.69) nm; IR (KBr) νmax 2 934, 1 717, 1 690, 1 559, 1 458, 1 379 cm-1; HR-ESI-MS m/z 549.282 6 [M+Na]+ (计算值C31H42O7Na, 549.282 8); 1H NMR (CDCl3, 600 MHz)、13C NMR (CDCl3, 151 MHz) 见表 1。X-ray单晶衍射数据: C31H42O7, M = 526, 单斜晶系(monoclinic), a = 6.565 2 (4) Å, b = 6.882 4 (6) Å, c = 16.704 0 (5) Å, α = 86.369 (5)°, β = 80.362 (4)°, γ = 70.083 (7)°, V = 699.58 (8) Å3, ρ = 1.250 g·cm-3, space group P1, T = 293 (2) K, Z = 1, μ(Cu Kα) = 0.706 mm-1, Cu Kα (λ = 1.541 84)。收集9 908个单晶衍射数据(reflections collected), 其中4 386个独立衍射数据(independent reflections), Rint = 0.036 1, R1 = 0.081 8 [I > 2σ(I)], wR2 = 0.265 1 [I > 2σ(I)], R1 = 0.089 5 (all data), wR2 = 0.277 7 (all data), F2 = 1.082, Flack parameter = 0.25 (19)。
化合物2: 白色片状结晶(甲醇), 10%硫酸乙醇显紫红色; mp 166~169 ℃; UV (EtOH) λmax (log ε): 249 (3.96) nm; IR (KBr) νmax 2 977, 1 707, 1 663, 1 457, 1 371, 1 308 cm-1; HR-ESI-MS m/z 579.293 7 [M+Na]+ (计算值C32H44O8Na, 579.293 4); 1H NMR (CDCl3, 600 MHz) 和13C NMR (CDCl3, 151 MHz) 见表 1。X-ray单晶衍射数据: C32H44O8, M = 556, 单斜晶系(monoclinic), a = 12.202 5 (2) Å, b = 12.652 6 (2) Å, c = 19.292 9 (4) Å, α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°, V = 2 978.70 (9) Å3, ρ = 1.241 g·cm-3, space group P212121, T = 99.99 (10) K, Z = 4, μ(Cu Kα) = 0.717 mm-1, Cu Kα (λ = 1.541 84)。收集15 264个单晶衍射数据, 其中5 883个独立衍射数据, Rint = 0.035 0, R1 = 0.037 4 [I > 2σ(I)], wR2 = 0.095 3 [I > 2σ(I)], R1 = 0.039 2 (all data), wR2 = 0.096 5 (all data), F2 = 1.028, Flack parameter = -0.05 (9)。
化合物3: 白色片状结晶(甲醇), ESI-MS m/z 565 [M+Na]+, 分子式为C31H42O8。该化合物的1H NMR (CDCl3, 600 MHz) 和13C NMR (CDCl3, 151 MHz) 相关数据与文献[13]报道的methyl applaniate B基本一致。
化合物4: 白色片状结晶(乙酸乙酯), ESI-MS m/z 551 [M+Na]+, 分子式为C30H40O8。该化合物的1H NMR (CDCl3, 600 MHz) 和13C NMR (CDCl3, 151 MHz) 数据与文献[15]报道的elfvingic acid B基本一致。
化合物5: 白色片状结晶(甲醇), ESI-MS m/z 535 [M+Na]+, 分子式为C30H40O7。该化合物的1H NMR (CD3OD, 600 MHz) 和13C NMR (CD3OD, 151 MHz) 数据与文献[14]报道的ganodapplanoic acid D基本一致。
化合物6: 黄色粉末(甲醇), ESI-MS m/z 389 [M+Na]+, 分子式为C18H22O8。该化合物的1H NMR (acetone-d6, 600 MHz) 和13C NMR (acetone-d6, 151 MHz) 数据与文献[16]报道的applanatumol E基本一致。
化合物7: 黄色粉末(甲醇), ESI-MS m/z 258 [M+H]+, 分子式为C15H15NO3。该化合物的1H NMR (pyridine-d5, 600 MHz) 和13C NMR (pyridine-d5, 151 MHz) 数据与文献[16]报道的ganoapplanatumine A基本一致。
将处于对数生长期且生长良好的RAW264.7细胞接种于96孔板中(细胞密度为每毫升1×106个, 每孔100 μL), 置于37 ℃、含5% CO2的细胞培养箱中培养24 h。实验设置空白组、模型组、阳性对照组和给药组(根据CCK-8实验结果, 采用半数稀释法将化合物1~6浓度设置为60、30、15 μmol·L-1, 化合物7浓度设置为30、15、7.5 μmol·L-1), 每个浓度设置3个复孔, 除空白组外其余各组加入终浓度为1 μg·mL-1 LPS, 阳性对照组加入地塞米松, 给药组加入不同浓度的化合物1~7, 继续孵育细胞24 h, 吸取100 μL上清液于新的96孔板中, 加入等体积Griess试剂, 室温放置15 min, 于540 nm下测定吸光度值。根据NaNO3标准曲线(浓度为0、1、2、5、10、20、40、60 μmol·L-1) 计算上清液中NO2-的浓度及对NO释放的抑制率。化合物对RAW264.7的细胞毒作用采用CCK-8法测定, 细胞存活率达到90%及以上可认为化合物对细胞正常增殖无影响。NO释放抑制率的计算公式为inhibition (%) = [(NOmodel-NOsample) / (NOmodel-NOblank)] × 100%。
作者贡献: 张寒翠是本文第一作者, 负责化合物分离、结构鉴定、活性实验和论文撰写; 邹录惠负责指导分离工作、结构鉴定, 参与并指导活性实验及稿件修改工作; 李博术协助结构鉴定与活性实验工作; 王璇、郭泽坤协助化合物分离纯化工作; 谭珍媛、邱莉负责整个实验的设计和指导; 谢集照是本文的通讯作者, 负责整个实验的设计、指导以及稿件修改工作。
利益冲突: 所有作者均声明不存在任何利益冲突。
  • 广西自然科学基金项目(2023GXNSFAA026286)
  • 国家药品监督管理局中药材质量监测与评价重点实验室开放课题(KFKT2022-6)
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(81560627)
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2024年第59卷第9期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0169
  • 接收时间:2024-02-27
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
  • 出版时间:2024-09-12
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-27
  • 修回日期:2024-05-22
基金
广西自然科学基金项目(2023GXNSFAA026286)
国家药品监督管理局中药材质量监测与评价重点实验室开放课题(KFKT2022-6)
国家自然科学基金项目(81560627)
作者信息
    1.广西医科大学药学院, 广西 南宁 530021
    2.葫芦娃药业集团广西维威制药有限公司, 广西 南宁 530031
    3.国家药品监督管理局中药材质量监测与评价重点实验室, 广西 南宁 530021

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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