Article(id=1198656290437300748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656283525087620, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0659, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1684684800000, receivedDateStr=2023-05-22, revisedDate=1692547200000, revisedDateStr=2023-08-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763711529593, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1699718400000, pubDateStr=2023-11-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763711529593, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763711529593, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763711529593, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198656283525087620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='3476', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763711527949, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763711688683, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198656957746872553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656283525087620, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198656957746872554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656283525087620, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3461, endPage=3472, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198656290810593824, articleId=1198656290437300748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of
Polygonatum franchetii Hua, a Chinese endemic medicinal species, and phylogenetic relationships of
Polygonatum, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Polygonatum franchetii Hua is a medicinal plant endemic to China from Polygonatum Mill. The chloroplast genomes of two P. franchetii individuals sampled from two different habitats were sequenced by using the DNBSEQ-T7 high-throughput sequencing platform. After assembly and annotation, the two complete chloroplast genomes were characterized, and then comparative and phylogenetic analyses were performed with other published chloroplast genome sequences from Polygonatum. The whole chloroplast genomes of the two P. franchetii individuals were 155 942 and 155 962 bp in length, with a large single copy region (LSC, 84 670 and 84 722 bp), a small single copy region (SSC, 18 564 and 18 566 bp) and a pair of reverse repeats (IRa/IRb, 26 354 and 26 337 bp), respectively. Both of them contained 113 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 4 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Comparative analyses showed that the genome length, the guanine and cytosine (GC) content, genes content and order were highly conserved between the two P. franchetii individuals and among different Polygonatum species. The detected repeat sequences, including dispersed repeats, tandem repeats and simple sequence repeats (SSRs), were also relatively similar in types and positions, though showing a slightly difference in number. No significant expansion or contraction of the inverted repeat regions was found. Sequences variation between the two P. franchetii individuals was lower than that among different Polygonatum species. Besides, coding sequences (CDS) showed less divergence than noncoding sequences, and sequence divergence of IRs regions was lower than that of the LSC and SSC regions, both intraspecifically and interspecifically. Eight sequences with high nucleotide diversity among different species were screened, all of which were found located in the LSC and SSC regions. Phylogenetic inference showed that all Polygonatum species clustered into a monophyletic clade with a 100% bootstrap value, within which, species in section Verticillata formed a distinct group, section Sibirica and section Polygonatum were sister groups. The two P. franchetii individuals grouped together and showed the closest phylogenetic affinity to P. stenophyllum Maxim., belonging to the section Verticillata. The chloroplast genome of P. franchetii and its phylogenetic position in Polygonatum were comprehensively investigated and clearly elucidated in this study, the results may lay a foundation for the resource development and utilization of P. franchetii, as well as further molecular identification and phylogenetic studies of medicinal Polygonatum species.
, correspAuthors=Jing GAO, Ming-ying ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wen-ping CHENG, Xia ZHAO, Yi-min LI, Gang ZHANG, Yong-gang YAN, Jing GAO, Ming-ying ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198656294585467659, articleId=1198656290437300748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=中国特有药用植物距药黄精的叶绿体全基因组解析及黄精属种间系统发育关系分析, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
距药黄精Polygonatum franchetii Hua为黄精属Polygonatum Mill.中国特有药用植物。本研究利用DNBSEQ-T7高通量测序平台测序获得距药黄精2个分别来自不同产地个体的叶绿体全基因组序列, 完成组装注释和特征解析, 并将其与同属已发表植物叶绿体全基因组进行了比较和系统发育分析。距药黄精2个个体叶绿体全基因组长度分别为155 942和155 962 bp, 各包含一个大单拷贝区(large single copy, LSC; 84 670、84 722 bp), 一个小单拷贝区(small single copy, SSC; 18 564、18 566 bp) 和一对反向重复区(inverted repeats, IRa/IRb; 26 354、26 337 bp); 两者均编码113个基因, 包括79个蛋白编码基因、30个tRNA基因和4个rRNA基因。基因组比较分析结果表明, 距药黄精同种2个个体间及黄精属不同种间叶绿体全基因组序列长度、GC (guanine and cytosine) 含量、基因组成及排列顺序均高度保守, 所包含的重复序列类型及分布位置亦较为一致, IRs区未发生明显的扩张或收缩。距药黄精2个个体间叶绿体基因组序列的变异小于不同种间, 种内、种间编码基因序列变异均小于非编码基因序列, IRs区序列变异均小于LSC、SSC区; 共筛选到8条核苷酸多样性较高的种间高变异序列, 分别位于LSC和SSC区。系统发育分析结果显示, 黄精属所有物种以100%的支持率构成一个单系, 属内轮叶组单独构成一支, 黄精组和互叶组构成姐妹分支, 距药黄精2个个体聚为一支, 位于轮叶组内, 与狭叶黄精P. stenophyllum Maxim.亲缘关系最近。本研究对距药黄精叶绿体全基因组进行了全面解析并基于叶绿体系统发育基因组学分析阐明了其在黄精属的系统发育位置, 研究结果将为距药黄精的资源开发利用及黄精属药用植物种间分子鉴定、系统发育等研究提供基础。
, correspAuthors=高静, 张明英, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=VBYJGhNDfMCJaF8r9p+S6w==, magXml=Jwv2cacPe0dT8JcD8VYERw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=QgNuz6xeMx3ZoZSlNqMm0w==, pdfFileSize=13059840, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=H5ev2fSb7OXaksdY+C3kmQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=/1J2X4Tivd2kGIZzRKR/BA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=程文萍, 赵霞, 李依民, 张岗, 颜永刚, 高静, 张明英)}, authors=[Author(id=1198960238972990076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960239115596430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, authorId=1198960238972990076, language=EN, stringName=Wen-ping CHENG, firstName=Wen-ping, middleName=null, lastName=CHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, address=1. College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960239254008477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, authorId=1198960238972990076, language=CN, stringName=程文萍, firstName=文萍, middleName=null, lastName=程, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1, address=1. College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960239623107278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, authorId=1198960239396614832, language=CN, stringName=赵霞, firstName=霞, middleName=null, lastName=赵, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, address=1.陕西中医药大学药学院, 陕西省秦岭中草药应用开发工程技术研究中心, 陕西 西安 712046, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960238658417244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238671000158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238658417244, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238687777374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238658417244, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.陕西中医药大学药学院, 陕西省秦岭中草药应用开发工程技术研究中心, 陕西 西安 712046)])]), Author(id=1198960239761519321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960239950263023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, authorId=1198960239761519321, language=EN, stringName=Yi-min LI, firstName=Yi-min, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=1. College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
2. Key Laboratory for Research of "Qin Medicine" of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960240113840893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, authorId=1198960239761519321, language=CN, stringName=李依民, firstName=依民, middleName=null, lastName=李, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=1.陕西中医药大学药学院, 陕西省秦岭中草药应用开发工程技术研究中心, 陕西 西安 712046
2.陕西中医药大学, 陕西省中医药管理局"秦药"研发重点实验室, 陕西 西安 712046, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960238658417244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238671000158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238658417244, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238687777374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238658417244, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.陕西中医药大学药学院, 陕西省秦岭中草药应用开发工程技术研究中心, 陕西 西安 712046)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960238813606505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238821995117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238813606505, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Key Laboratory for Research of "Qin Medicine" of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238834578029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238813606505, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.陕西中医药大学, 陕西省中医药管理局"秦药"研发重点实验室, 陕西 西安 712046)])]), Author(id=1198960240294195982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960240445190940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, authorId=1198960240294195982, language=EN, stringName=Gang ZHANG, firstName=Gang, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=1. College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
2. Key Laboratory for Research of "Qin Medicine" of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960240608768816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, authorId=1198960240294195982, language=CN, stringName=张岗, firstName=岗, middleName=null, lastName=张, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2.陕西中医药大学, 陕西省中医药管理局"秦药"研发重点实验室, 陕西 西安 712046, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960238658417244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238671000158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238658417244, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238687777374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238658417244, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.陕西中医药大学药学院, 陕西省秦岭中草药应用开发工程技术研究中心, 陕西 西安 712046)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960238813606505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238821995117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238813606505, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Key Laboratory for Research of "Qin Medicine" of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238834578029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238813606505, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.陕西中医药大学, 陕西省中医药管理局"秦药"研发重点实验室, 陕西 西安 712046)])]), Author(id=1198960240772346688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960240919147344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, authorId=1198960240772346688, language=EN, stringName=Yong-gang YAN, firstName=Yong-gang, middleName=null, lastName=YAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=1. College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
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Citrullus species insight into genetic variation, phylogenetic relationships, and selective pressure, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1198960246791172506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, awardId=82003898, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(82003898), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198960246933778862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, awardId=2022JM-458, language=CN, fundingSource=陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JM-458), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198960247072190913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, awardId=104080001, language=CN, fundingSource=陕西中医药大学博士科研启动经费(104080001), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198960247235768783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, awardId=2019-QN01, language=CN, fundingSource=陕西中医药大学“秦药”品质评价及资源开发学科创新团队项目(2019-QN01), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960238658417244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238671000158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238658417244, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238687777374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238658417244, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.陕西中医药大学药学院, 陕西省秦岭中草药应用开发工程技术研究中心, 陕西 西安 712046)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960238813606505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238821995117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238813606505, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Key Laboratory for Research of "Qin Medicine" of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960238834578029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, companyId=1198960238813606505, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.陕西中医药大学, 陕西省中医药管理局"秦药"研发重点实验室, 陕西 西安 712046)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1198960243934851169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=IF8kOaorEjOJ2tEKAqF3rA==, figureFileBig=Re89lvK2VRXFF+BvDsDTaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960244056486004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption=
Chloroplast genome map of the two P. franchetii individuals. Genes inside of the large circle are transcribed clockwise and those outside are transcribed counterclockwise. All genes are color-coded based on their functions. The grey area in the inner circle represents the guanine and cytosine (GC) content , figureFileSmall=IF8kOaorEjOJ2tEKAqF3rA==, figureFileBig=Re89lvK2VRXFF+BvDsDTaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960244194898055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=5Siuth8TNUyULpFUjuD+Nw==, figureFileBig=U6XiPAmQGq/Hh/d6c/nQmw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960244320727191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Numbers, types and distribution patterns of SSRs detected in the chloroplast genomes of the two P. franchetii individuals and other 25 Polygonatum species. A: Number of each of the six SSRs; B: Distribution patterns of SSRs; C: Number of SSRs distributed in LSC, SSC and IR regions; D: Number of SSRs distributed in IGS, extron and intron. Mono: Mononucleotide; Di: Dinucleotide; Tri: Trinucleotide; Tetra: Tetranucleotide; Penta: Pentanucleotide; Hexa: Hexanucleotide; IGS: Intergenic spacer , figureFileSmall=5Siuth8TNUyULpFUjuD+Nw==, figureFileBig=U6XiPAmQGq/Hh/d6c/nQmw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960244496887977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=gqscLTIRSDY7+i0rF1+z3A==, figureFileBig=UivfBumY6bwl1WzmaH9+Ng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960244681437377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption=
Comparison of the borders of LSC, SSC and IRa/b regions of the whole chloroplast genomes among the two P. franchetii individuals and other 25 Polygonatum species. JLB: LSC/IRb border; JSB: SSC/IRb border; JSA: SSC/IRa border; JLA: LSC/IRa border , figureFileSmall=gqscLTIRSDY7+i0rF1+z3A==, figureFileBig=UivfBumY6bwl1WzmaH9+Ng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960244832432339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=BqzeT8zAZcsVdOOEHBkAow==, figureFileBig=kjfdE2+xe16T+XQ98leK+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960244979232991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption=
Chloroplast genome sequences identity of the two P. franchetii individuals and other 25 Polygonatum species , figureFileSmall=BqzeT8zAZcsVdOOEHBkAow==, figureFileBig=kjfdE2+xe16T+XQ98leK+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960245117645040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=BryNnX8n1/Q99eyZYtZHeg==, figureFileBig=KDqmv1A1iKsZPPpMfBPCRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960245373497606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption=
The nucleotide diversity of 26 Polygonatum species. Window length: 200 bp; Step size: 100 bp. Pi: Nucleotide diversity , figureFileSmall=BryNnX8n1/Q99eyZYtZHeg==, figureFileBig=KDqmv1A1iKsZPPpMfBPCRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960245495132439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=eQs71BT7oRLNYaYK7piFqQ==, figureFileBig=pQS77QDu3xKM43i9zNNLiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960245616767270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption=
Phylogenetic relationships of 26 Polygonatum species (27 individuals) inferred using the whole chloroplast genome sequences based on the maximum likelihood (ML) method. Numbers beside each node are bootstrap values (BS) , figureFileSmall=eQs71BT7oRLNYaYK7piFqQ==, figureFileBig=pQS77QDu3xKM43i9zNNLiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960245750985011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Species | Accession | Genome | LSC | SSC | IR | CDS | | Genome | LSC | SSC | IR | CDS | | Total | PCGs | tRNA | rRNA |
| Length/bp | GC/% | Gene number |
| P. franchetii | ON101705 | 155 942 | 84 670 | 18 564 | 26 354 | 79 677 | | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. franchetii | OM219012 | 155 962 | 84 722 | 18 566 | 26 337 | 79 659 | 37.6 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. acuminatifolium | NC_058569 | 155 354 | 84 271 | 18 455 | 26 314 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. cirrhifolium | NC_053687 | 155 583 | 84 412 | 18 427 | 26 372 | 79 626 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. curvistylum | NC_058554 | 155 939 | 84 563 | 18 546 | 26 415 | 79 809 | 37.6 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. cyrtonema | MW248135 | 155 816 | 84 618 | 18 440 | 26 379 | 79 629 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. filipes | NC_058555 | 155 334 | 84 280 | 18 454 | 26 300 | 79 536 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. hirtum | NC_058556 | 155 490 | 84 385 | 18 419 | 26 343 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. hookeri | NC_058557 | 155 976 | 84 600 | 18 546 | 26 415 | 79 809 | 37.6 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 38.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. humile | NC_058558 | 155 015 | 83 999 | 18 388 | 26 314 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.8 | 31.7 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. hunanense | NC_058226 | 155 609 | 84 438 | 18 427 | 26 372 | 79 626 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. inflatum | NC_058559 | 154 898 | 84 270 | 18 454 | 26 087 | 79 575 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. involucratum | NC_058560 | 155 370 | 84 280 | 18 450 | 26 320 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. jinzhaiense | NC_058561 | 155 510 | 84 463 | 18 292 | 26 379 | 79 626 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.7 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. kingianum | NC_047406 | 155 399 | 84 234 | 18 424 | 26 372 | 79 620 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. macropodum | NC_058562 | 154 610 | 83 554 | 18 464 | 26 296 | 79 536 | 37.7 | 35.8 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. multiflorum | NC_058563 | 155 495 | 84 391 | 18 418 | 26 343 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. nodosum | NC_058564 | 155 205 | 84 143 | 18 422 | 26 320 | 79 560 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.1 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. odoratum | NC_050926 | 154 468 | 83 417 | 18 457 | 26 297 | 79 536 | 37.8 | 35.8 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.1 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. prattii | NC_058565 | 155 915 | 84 538 | 18 547 | 26 415 | 79 809 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. punctatum | NC_058566 | 155 657 | 84 542 | 18 423 | 26 346 | 79 644 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. sibiricum | MZ029093 | 155 585 | 84 460 | 18 417 | 26 354 | 79 626 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.7 | 43.0 | 38.1 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. stenophyllum | NC_035995 | 156 028 | 84 677 | 18 561 | 26 395 | 79 764 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. tessellatum | NC_058567 | 155 688 | 84 488 | 18 564 | 26 318 | 79 638 | 37.6 | 35.7 | 31.4 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. uncinatum | NC_058568 | 155 797 | 84 614 | 18 531 | 26 326 | 79 686 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. verticillatum | MZ150865 | 155 589 | 84 242 | 18 523 | 26 412 | 79 794 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. zanlanscianense | NC_058227 | 155 911 | 84 650 | 18 431 | 26 415 | 79 797 | 37.6 | 35.6 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1198960245918757191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
Chloroplast genome features of the two P. franchetii individuals and other 25 Polygonatum species. LSC: Large single copy; SSC: Small single copy; IR: Inverted repeats; CDS: Coding sequence; PCGs: Protein coding genes; tRNA: Transfer RNA; rRNA: Ribosomal RNA
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Species | Accession | Genome | LSC | SSC | IR | CDS | | Genome | LSC | SSC | IR | CDS | | Total | PCGs | tRNA | rRNA |
| Length/bp | GC/% | Gene number |
| P. franchetii | ON101705 | 155 942 | 84 670 | 18 564 | 26 354 | 79 677 | | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. franchetii | OM219012 | 155 962 | 84 722 | 18 566 | 26 337 | 79 659 | 37.6 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. acuminatifolium | NC_058569 | 155 354 | 84 271 | 18 455 | 26 314 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. cirrhifolium | NC_053687 | 155 583 | 84 412 | 18 427 | 26 372 | 79 626 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. curvistylum | NC_058554 | 155 939 | 84 563 | 18 546 | 26 415 | 79 809 | 37.6 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. cyrtonema | MW248135 | 155 816 | 84 618 | 18 440 | 26 379 | 79 629 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. filipes | NC_058555 | 155 334 | 84 280 | 18 454 | 26 300 | 79 536 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. hirtum | NC_058556 | 155 490 | 84 385 | 18 419 | 26 343 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. hookeri | NC_058557 | 155 976 | 84 600 | 18 546 | 26 415 | 79 809 | 37.6 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 38.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. humile | NC_058558 | 155 015 | 83 999 | 18 388 | 26 314 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.8 | 31.7 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. hunanense | NC_058226 | 155 609 | 84 438 | 18 427 | 26 372 | 79 626 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. inflatum | NC_058559 | 154 898 | 84 270 | 18 454 | 26 087 | 79 575 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. involucratum | NC_058560 | 155 370 | 84 280 | 18 450 | 26 320 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. jinzhaiense | NC_058561 | 155 510 | 84 463 | 18 292 | 26 379 | 79 626 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.7 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. kingianum | NC_047406 | 155 399 | 84 234 | 18 424 | 26 372 | 79 620 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. macropodum | NC_058562 | 154 610 | 83 554 | 18 464 | 26 296 | 79 536 | 37.7 | 35.8 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. multiflorum | NC_058563 | 155 495 | 84 391 | 18 418 | 26 343 | 79 572 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. nodosum | NC_058564 | 155 205 | 84 143 | 18 422 | 26 320 | 79 560 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.1 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. odoratum | NC_050926 | 154 468 | 83 417 | 18 457 | 26 297 | 79 536 | 37.8 | 35.8 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.1 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. prattii | NC_058565 | 155 915 | 84 538 | 18 547 | 26 415 | 79 809 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. punctatum | NC_058566 | 155 657 | 84 542 | 18 423 | 26 346 | 79 644 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.5 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. sibiricum | MZ029093 | 155 585 | 84 460 | 18 417 | 26 354 | 79 626 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.7 | 43.0 | 38.1 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. stenophyllum | NC_035995 | 156 028 | 84 677 | 18 561 | 26 395 | 79 764 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 43.0 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. tessellatum | NC_058567 | 155 688 | 84 488 | 18 564 | 26 318 | 79 638 | 37.6 | 35.7 | 31.4 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. uncinatum | NC_058568 | 155 797 | 84 614 | 18 531 | 26 326 | 79 686 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. verticillatum | MZ150865 | 155 589 | 84 242 | 18 523 | 26 412 | 79 794 | 37.7 | 35.7 | 31.6 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
| P. zanlanscianense | NC_058227 | 155 911 | 84 650 | 18 431 | 26 415 | 79 797 | 37.6 | 35.6 | 31.5 | 42.9 | 38.0 | 113 | 79 | 30 | 4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1198960246069752151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Category | Group | Name |
| Self-replication | Ribosomal RNA | rrn4.5×2, rrn5×2, rrn16×2, rrn23×2 |
| Transfer RNA | trnC-GCA, trnD-GUC, trnE-UUC, trnF-GAA, trnG-UCC*, trnG-GCC, trnK-UUU*, trnL-UAA*, trnL-UAG, trnM-CAU, trnP-UGG, trnQ-UUG, trnR-UCU, trnS-GCU, trnS-GGA, trnS-UGA, trnT-UGU, trnT-GGU, trnV-UAC*, trnY-GUA, trnW-CCA, trnfM-CAU, trnH-GUG×2, trnA-UGC*×2, trnI-CAU×2, trnI-GAU*×2, trnL-CAA×2, trnN-GUU×2, trnR-ACG×2, trnV-GAC×2 |
| Ribosomal protein (small subunit) | rps2, rps3, rps4, rps7×2, rps8, rps11, rps12**×2, rps14, rps15, rps16*, rps18, rps19×2 |
| Ribosomal protein (large subunit) | rpl2*×2, rpl14, rpl16*, rpl20, rpl22, rpl23×2, rpl32, rpl33, rpl36 |
| RNA polymerase | rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1*, rpoC2 |
| Photosynthesis | Subunits of photosystem I | psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ, ycf3**, ycf4 |
| Subunits of photosystem Ⅱ | psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbH, psbI, psbJ, psbK, psbL, psbM, psbN, psbT, psbZ |
| Subunits of cytochrome | petA, petB*, petD*, petG, petL, petN |
| Subunits of ATP synthase | atpA, atpB, atpE, atpF*, atpH, atpI |
| Large subunit of Rubisco | rbcL |
| Subunits of NADH dehydrogenase | ndhA*, ndhB*×2, ndhC, ndhD, ndhE, ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK |
| Others | Maturase | matK |
| Envelope membrane protein | cemA |
| Subunit of acetyl-CoA | accD |
| Synthesis gene | ccsA |
| ATP-dependent protease | clpP** |
| Translational initiation factor | infA# |
| Unknown function | Proteins of unknown function | ycf1×2, ycf2×2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1198960246237524326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=
Gene composition of the chloroplast genomes of the two P. franchetii individuals. ×2: Genes duplicated in the IR regions; *: Genes with one intron; **: Genes with two introns; #: Pseudogene. NADH: Nicotinamide adenine diuncleotide; ATP: Adenosine triphosphate; CoA: Coenzyme A
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Category | Group | Name |
| Self-replication | Ribosomal RNA | rrn4.5×2, rrn5×2, rrn16×2, rrn23×2 |
| Transfer RNA | trnC-GCA, trnD-GUC, trnE-UUC, trnF-GAA, trnG-UCC*, trnG-GCC, trnK-UUU*, trnL-UAA*, trnL-UAG, trnM-CAU, trnP-UGG, trnQ-UUG, trnR-UCU, trnS-GCU, trnS-GGA, trnS-UGA, trnT-UGU, trnT-GGU, trnV-UAC*, trnY-GUA, trnW-CCA, trnfM-CAU, trnH-GUG×2, trnA-UGC*×2, trnI-CAU×2, trnI-GAU*×2, trnL-CAA×2, trnN-GUU×2, trnR-ACG×2, trnV-GAC×2 |
| Ribosomal protein (small subunit) | rps2, rps3, rps4, rps7×2, rps8, rps11, rps12**×2, rps14, rps15, rps16*, rps18, rps19×2 |
| Ribosomal protein (large subunit) | rpl2*×2, rpl14, rpl16*, rpl20, rpl22, rpl23×2, rpl32, rpl33, rpl36 |
| RNA polymerase | rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1*, rpoC2 |
| Photosynthesis | Subunits of photosystem I | psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ, ycf3**, ycf4 |
| Subunits of photosystem Ⅱ | psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbH, psbI, psbJ, psbK, psbL, psbM, psbN, psbT, psbZ |
| Subunits of cytochrome | petA, petB*, petD*, petG, petL, petN |
| Subunits of ATP synthase | atpA, atpB, atpE, atpF*, atpH, atpI |
| Large subunit of Rubisco | rbcL |
| Subunits of NADH dehydrogenase | ndhA*, ndhB*×2, ndhC, ndhD, ndhE, ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK |
| Others | Maturase | matK |
| Envelope membrane protein | cemA |
| Subunit of acetyl-CoA | accD |
| Synthesis gene | ccsA |
| ATP-dependent protease | clpP** |
| Translational initiation factor | infA# |
| Unknown function | Proteins of unknown function | ycf1×2, ycf2×2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1198960246384324976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Repeat type | Type | Repeat | Number |
| ON101705 | OM219012 |
| Mononucletide | A/T | 10 | 24 | 26 |
| 11 | 9 | 11 |
| 12 | 2 | 2 |
| 13 | 5 | 3 |
| 15 | 1 | 2 |
| C | 11 | 1 | 0 |
| Dinucleotide | GA/TC | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| AT/TA | 5 | 10 | 11 |
| 6 | 2 | 2 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| Trinucleotide | TAA/TTA | 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| CAG | 4 | 1 | 1 |
| Pentanucleotide | CGAAA/TTTCG | 3 | 2 | 2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1198960246535319937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656290437300748, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=
Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) types and numbers in the chloroplast genomes of the two P. franchetii individuals
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Repeat type | Type | Repeat | Number |
| ON101705 | OM219012 |
| Mononucletide | A/T | 10 | 24 | 26 |
| 11 | 9 | 11 |
| 12 | 2 | 2 |
| 13 | 5 | 3 |
| 15 | 1 | 2 |
| C | 11 | 1 | 0 |
| Dinucleotide | GA/TC | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| AT/TA | 5 | 10 | 11 |
| 6 | 2 | 2 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| Trinucleotide | TAA/TTA | 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| CAG | 4 | 1 | 1 |
| Pentanucleotide | CGAAA/TTTCG | 3 | 2 | 2 |
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