Article(id=1198656220635688964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656209390764948, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0320, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1678982400000, receivedDateStr=2023-03-17, revisedDate=1684252800000, revisedDateStr=2023-05-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763711512955, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1697040000000, pubDateStr=2023-10-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763711512955, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763711512955, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763711512955, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198656209390764948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='10', pageStart='2835', pageEnd='3150', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1697040000000', pubDateStr='2023-10-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763711510274, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1763711659007, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198656833280897539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656209390764948, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198656833280897540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656209390764948, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2952, endPage=2960, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198656221017370663, articleId=1198656220635688964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Research advances on dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors in the treatment of tumors and bacterial infections, columnId=null, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is a well-known key target in the treatment of tumors, bacterial infections, and parasitic infections; and it plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of cellular DNA. DHFR inhibitors interfere with one-carbon metabolism by inhibiting substrate binding to DHFR, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. Research on DHFR inhibitors has continued since the 1940s. To date, a variety of DHFR inhibitors have come into the market, primarily used for anti-tumor, antibacterial, antiparasitic, and anti-inflammatory therapy. This review summarizes the research progress of DHFR inhibitors with antitumor or antibacterial effects in recent years based on the classification of single-target and dual-target and looks forward to the opportunities and challenges faced by the work in this field.
, authors=null, authorsList=Can-tong CHEN, Lei HUANG, Ji-chen GUAN, Fang-fang LAI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fang-fang LAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198656222812532866, articleId=1198656220635688964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=二氢叶酸还原酶抑制剂在肿瘤和细菌感染治疗中的研究进展, columnId=1190335349655180086, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
二氢叶酸还原酶(dihydrofolate reductase, DHFR) 是治疗肿瘤、细菌感染和寄生虫感染的广为人知的关键靶点。DHFR在细胞DNA生物合成中发挥重要作用, 其抑制剂通过抑制底物与DHFR结合, 干扰一碳代谢, 从而抑制细胞增殖。DHFR抑制剂的研究从20世纪40年代持续至今, 已有多种DHFR抑制剂上市, 主要用于抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗寄生虫和抗炎的治疗。本文以单靶点和双靶点为分类依据综述了近年来具有抗肿瘤或抗菌作用的DHFR抑制剂的研究进展, 并展望了该领域研究所面临的机遇与挑战。
, authors=null, authorsList=陈灿彤, 黄蕾, 关霁晨, 来芳芳, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=来芳芳, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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An overview of folate metabolism in humans (red and blue arrows) and bacteria (yellow and blue arrows). Enzymes are shown in brown. GTP: Guanosine triphosphate; DHP-PPi: Dihydropteridine phosphate; DHP: Dihydropteroate; pABA: p-Aminobenzoic acid; DHPS: Dihydropteroate synthase; DHFS: Dihydrofolate synthase; SHMT2: Serine hydroxymethyl transferase 2; Ser: Serine; Gly: Glycine; THF: Tetrahydrofolate; dUMP: Deoxyuridine monophosphate; dTMP: Deoxythymidine monophosphate; MTHFD2/2L: Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2/2-like; MTHFR: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase , figureFileSmall=8Qu1BU3dQE1UcxS4WuBg8A==, figureFileBig=7RSa3Mt0kLkq2vdY0JIz6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960256232555099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656220635688964, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Generic name | Company | Target | Main indication |
| Methotrexate | Antares Pharma | DHFR, TS, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase | Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, lymphoblastic leukemia, other types of lymphoma and solid malignancy |
| Pemetrexed | Eli Lilly and Company | DHFR, TS, glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase | Mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer |
| Pralatrexate | Acrotech Biopharma Llc | DHFR, TS | Peripheral T-cell lymphoma |
| Trimetrexate | Medimmune Oncology Inc | DHFR | Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia |
| Trimethoprim | Monarch Pharmaceuticals Llc | DHFR | Bacterial infection |
| Brodimoprim | Helsinn | DHFR | Bacterial infection |
| Pyrimethamine | Vyera Pharmaceuticals Llc | DHFR | Malaria, toxoplasmosis |
| Proguanil | Ayerst Laboratories | DHFR | Malaria |
), ArticleFig(id=1198960256379355748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656220635688964, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
DHFR inhibitors on the market. DHFR: Dihydrofolate reductase; TS: Thymidylate synthase
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Generic name | Company | Target | Main indication |
| Methotrexate | Antares Pharma | DHFR, TS, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase | Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, lymphoblastic leukemia, other types of lymphoma and solid malignancy |
| Pemetrexed | Eli Lilly and Company | DHFR, TS, glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase | Mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer |
| Pralatrexate | Acrotech Biopharma Llc | DHFR, TS | Peripheral T-cell lymphoma |
| Trimetrexate | Medimmune Oncology Inc | DHFR | Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia |
| Trimethoprim | Monarch Pharmaceuticals Llc | DHFR | Bacterial infection |
| Brodimoprim | Helsinn | DHFR | Bacterial infection |
| Pyrimethamine | Vyera Pharmaceuticals Llc | DHFR | Malaria, toxoplasmosis |
| Proguanil | Ayerst Laboratories | DHFR | Malaria |
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