Article(id=1198656147621245791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656143976399200, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1356, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1670428800000, receivedDateStr=2022-12-08, revisedDate=1678377600000, revisedDateStr=2023-03-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763711495547, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1694448000000, pubDateStr=2023-09-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763711495547, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763711495547, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763711495547, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198656143976399200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='9', pageStart='2541', pageEnd='2834', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1694448000000', pubDateStr='2023-09-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763711494677, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1763711620095, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198656670072144034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656143976399200, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198656670072144035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656143976399200, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2763, endPage=2770, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198656147877098346, articleId=1198656147621245791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Simultaneous determination of seven different components in Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. by QAMS, columnId=null, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker method (QAMS) was established for simultaneous determination of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and phloridzin in Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. The analysis was performed on a ChromCore Polae C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.3% phosphoric acid aqueous solution for gradient elution. The volume flow rate, column temperature and sample injection volume were set at 1.0 mL·min-1, 25 ℃, and 40 µL, respectively. The relative correction factors of gallic acid and protocatechuic acid, catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and phloridzin were calculated and the durability was also investigated. The contents of these seven compounds in fourteen batches of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. from different producing areas or batches were determined by external standard method (ESM) and quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker method (QAMS), respectively. SPSS and Origin Pro software were employed for principal components assay, similarity evaluation and cluster analysis. The specificity, precision, repeatability, stability and linear range (R2 > 0.999 0) of the seven components were all good. The average recovery was 96.89%-103.16% and RSD was 0.55%-2.76%. Then gallic acid was chosen as internal reference for calculation the correction factors for the other six components, the average relative correction factors of protocatechuic acid, catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and phloridzin were 1.141 5, 0.200 5, 0.208 0, 2.361 9, 1.867 7, 0.204 6, respectively. Student's test results showed that there was no significant difference between the data analyzed by ESM and the data obtained from QAMS method. Through data visualization analysis, the contents of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin and epicatechin in different samples were significantly different, indicating that these four components might be the main quality markers of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. for gaving more contributes to the principal components. The cluster analysis showed that samples from Xinjiang and samples from Inner Mongolia were clustered in significantly different categories, meaning that the quality of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. had great relation with producing areas. The method of QAMS established in this study is a simple, economical and practical method with scientific and applicable charactistics for evaluating the quality of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. efficiently and scientifically.

, authors=null, authorsList=Jun-hua MENG, Chan DING, Si-yuan PENG, Yuan LIU, Jian-ye YAN, Pei-wu CUI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jian-ye YAN, Pei-wu CUI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198656151601640368, articleId=1198656147621245791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=一测多评法同时测定锁阳中7种成分含量, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

建立同时测定锁阳中没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷7种成分含量的一测多评方法。采用ChromCore Polae C18色谱柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), 以乙腈-0.3%磷酸水溶液为流动相, 梯度洗脱, 体积流量1.0 mL·min-1, 柱温25 ℃, 进样量40 μL, 采用变波长程序, 建立内参物没食子酸与原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的相对校正因子并进行相对校正因子的耐用性考察。采用外标法(external standard method, ESM) 与一测多评法(quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker, QAMS) 分别测定不同来源共14批锁阳药材中该7种成分的含量并验证QAMS法的准确性。采用SPSS与Origin Pro软件进行主成分分析、相似度分析和聚类分析。结果表明, 7种成分专属性、精密度、重复性、稳定性、线性范围(R2 > 0.999 0) 均良好,平均加样回收率为96.89%~103.16%, RSD为0.55%~2.76%。以没食子酸为内参物, 原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的平均相对校正因子分别为1.141 5、0.200 5、0.208 0、2.361 9、1.867 7、0.204 6; t检验结果表明ESM法与QAMS法测定结果差异不显著。通过统计学分析实现了数据集可视化, 结果显示, 不同样品中没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素的含量差异较大, 且此4类成分对于主成分的贡献较多, 可能为锁阳的主要质量标志物。聚类分析发现新疆和内蒙古产地的各自聚为一类, 表明锁阳质量具有地域性差异。该研究建立的QAMS法简单、经济、实用, 可以实现对锁阳中主要成分的快速、科学分析。

, authors=null, authorsList=孟俊华, 丁婵, 彭思源, 刘媛, 严建业, 崔培梧, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=严建业, 崔培梧, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*严建业, Tel: 13637405388, E-mail: ;
崔培梧, Tel: 15243699828, E-mail:
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Samples (<sup>*</sup><i>P</i> ≤ 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> ≤ 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> ≤ 0.001). S1-S14: Number of 14 batches of <i>Cynomorium songaricum</i> Rupr. samples. Positive values are shown in red color indicating positive correlation while negative values are shown in blue indicating negative correlation. The deeper color represents the greater correlation , figureFileSmall=l9WyBwFcP+0RR+L8NSzZcw==, figureFileBig=b52ohrTMye9j/ansVLKZOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960226096476464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656147621245791, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=FG2cVfLAlNunGkAqNAKQ4w==, figureFileBig=PkR7Uxvg/CvvSgsZz1+czA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960226213916987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656147621245791, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= Heat map and HCA analysis of 14 batches of <i>Cynomorium songaricum</i> Rupr. samples , figureFileSmall=FG2cVfLAlNunGkAqNAKQ4w==, figureFileBig=PkR7Uxvg/CvvSgsZz1+czA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960226360717646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656147621245791, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No. Manufacturing enterprise Origin Lot No.
S1 Shanyuanshenrong Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 20220330
S2 Anhui Shengnong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 20211012
S3 Beijing Tongrentang (Sichuan) Health Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 20200410
S4 Anguo Guangsheng Trading Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 20211215
S5 Guangdong Fengchun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 220201
S6 Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 210800231
S7 Sichuan Haoruijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Qinghai 20220406
S8 Panshi Yufeng Trade Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 20220919
S9 Hunan Hengyue Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 21072402
S10 Changsha Xincai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 2011101
S11 Hunan Zhenxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd. Gansu 19052006
S12 Jilin Yufeng Trading Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 20221008
S13 Yinchuan Qitian Trading Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 220816
S14 Xiamen Banshanong Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 20221156
), ArticleFig(id=1198960226490741087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656147621245791, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Information of samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No. Manufacturing enterprise Origin Lot No.
S1 Shanyuanshenrong Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 20220330
S2 Anhui Shengnong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 20211012
S3 Beijing Tongrentang (Sichuan) Health Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 20200410
S4 Anguo Guangsheng Trading Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 20211215
S5 Guangdong Fengchun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 220201
S6 Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Inner Mongolia 210800231
S7 Sichuan Haoruijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Qinghai 20220406
S8 Panshi Yufeng Trade Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 20220919
S9 Hunan Hengyue Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 21072402
S10 Changsha Xincai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 2011101
S11 Hunan Zhenxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd. Gansu 19052006
S12 Jilin Yufeng Trading Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 20221008
S13 Yinchuan Qitian Trading Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 220816
S14 Xiamen Banshanong Co., Ltd. Xinjiang 20221156
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Component Regression equation R2 Linearity range/µg·mL-1
Gallic acid y = 115 104 x - 55.433 0.999 4 5.67-56.70
Protocatechuic acid y = 129 153 x - 8.836 8 0.999 7 3.21-32.20
Catechin y = 22 617 x - 3.333 81 0.999 5 9.16-91.60
Epicatechin y = 23 610 x + 5.201 5 0.999 5 9.45-94.50
p-Coumaric acid y = 264 800 x - 4.427 4 0.999 5 0.91-9.10
Ferulic acid y = 210 736 x - 8.187 5 0.999 5 1.95-19.50
Phloridzin y = 22 566 x + 2.753 3 0.999 7 3.55-35.50
), ArticleFig(id=1198960226843062655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656147621245791, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=

Linear regression equations of seven components from Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Component Regression equation R2 Linearity range/µg·mL-1
Gallic acid y = 115 104 x - 55.433 0.999 4 5.67-56.70
Protocatechuic acid y = 129 153 x - 8.836 8 0.999 7 3.21-32.20
Catechin y = 22 617 x - 3.333 81 0.999 5 9.16-91.60
Epicatechin y = 23 610 x + 5.201 5 0.999 5 9.45-94.50
p-Coumaric acid y = 264 800 x - 4.427 4 0.999 5 0.91-9.10
Ferulic acid y = 210 736 x - 8.187 5 0.999 5 1.95-19.50
Phloridzin y = 22 566 x + 2.753 3 0.999 7 3.55-35.50
), ArticleFig(id=1198960227161829783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656147621245791, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Project Factor Protocatechuic acid Catechin Epicatechin p-Coumaric acid Ferulic acid Phloridzin
Δt tR Δt tR Δt tR Δt tR Δt tR Δt tR
Chromatographic column ChromCore Polae C18 15.479 1.635 43.544 2.773 60.540 3.462 9.370 3.819 71.540 3.907 82.942 4.369
Agilent 5 TC-C18 17.193 1.722 43.286 2.818 59.228 3.487 63.836 3.681 71.985 4.023 84.916 4.566
Ultimate MB-C18 18.255 1.814 43.703 2.948 59.746 3.663 64.199 3.861 71.536 4.233 85.556 4.814
Column temperature 20 ℃ 15.414 1.655 42.380 2.802 59.287 3.520 69.370 3.949 71.016 4.019 83.768 4.561
25 ℃ 15.479 1.622 43.544 2.751 60.540 3.434 69.370 3.789 71.540 3.876 82.942 4.334
30 ℃ 16.611 1.642 43.691 2.689 61.229 3.367 71.118 3.749 72.150 3.789 8.179 4.293
Flow velocity 0.8 mL·min-1 14.729 1.579 42.052 2.654 59.026 3.332 67.890 3.671 70.239 3.763 82.197 4.233
1.0 mL·min-1 15.951 1.711 44.289 2.974 61.363 3.735 70.131 4.126 72.606 4.236 84.970 4.787
1.2 mL·min-1 15.611 1.622 43.691 2.751 61.229 3.434 71.118 3.789 71.150 3.876 83.179 4.334
Average value 16.080 1.667 43.353 2.795 60.243 3.491 68.489 3.826 71.751 3.969 83.740 4.468
RSD/% 6.77 4.24 1.62 3.82 1.56 3.81 3.97 3.70 1.06 4.38 1.37 4.80
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Retention time difference and relative retention time values

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Project Factor Protocatechuic acid Catechin Epicatechin p-Coumaric acid Ferulic acid Phloridzin
Δt tR Δt tR Δt tR Δt tR Δt tR Δt tR
Chromatographic column ChromCore Polae C18 15.479 1.635 43.544 2.773 60.540 3.462 9.370 3.819 71.540 3.907 82.942 4.369
Agilent 5 TC-C18 17.193 1.722 43.286 2.818 59.228 3.487 63.836 3.681 71.985 4.023 84.916 4.566
Ultimate MB-C18 18.255 1.814 43.703 2.948 59.746 3.663 64.199 3.861 71.536 4.233 85.556 4.814
Column temperature 20 ℃ 15.414 1.655 42.380 2.802 59.287 3.520 69.370 3.949 71.016 4.019 83.768 4.561
25 ℃ 15.479 1.622 43.544 2.751 60.540 3.434 69.370 3.789 71.540 3.876 82.942 4.334
30 ℃ 16.611 1.642 43.691 2.689 61.229 3.367 71.118 3.749 72.150 3.789 8.179 4.293
Flow velocity 0.8 mL·min-1 14.729 1.579 42.052 2.654 59.026 3.332 67.890 3.671 70.239 3.763 82.197 4.233
1.0 mL·min-1 15.951 1.711 44.289 2.974 61.363 3.735 70.131 4.126 72.606 4.236 84.970 4.787
1.2 mL·min-1 15.611 1.622 43.691 2.751 61.229 3.434 71.118 3.789 71.150 3.876 83.179 4.334
Average value 16.080 1.667 43.353 2.795 60.243 3.491 68.489 3.826 71.751 3.969 83.740 4.468
RSD/% 6.77 4.24 1.62 3.82 1.56 3.81 3.97 3.70 1.06 4.38 1.37 4.80
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No. Gallic aci/mg·g-1 Protocatechuic acid/mg·g-1 Catechin/mg·g-1 Epicatechin/mg·g-1 p-Coumaric acid/mg·g-1 Ferulic acid/mg·g-1 Phloridzin/mg·g-1
ESM ESM QAMS ESM QAMS ESM QAMS ESM QAMS ESM QAMS ESM QAMS
S1 0.119 4 0.104 1 0.104 3 0.499 0 0.496 7 0.217 6 0.217 7 0.009 6 0.009 4 0.004 0 0.004 0 0.020 7 0.020 3
S2 0.134 9 0.093 2 0.092 6 1.775 9 1.777 0 0.432 4 0.432 6 0.020 8 0.020 6 0.006 8 0.006 8 0.020 2 0.019 8
S3 0.063 3 0.069 1 0.068 7 1.476 9 1.470 1 0.314 3 0.314 5 0.019 2 0.018 9 0.005 3 0.005 3 0.016 8 0.016 5
S4 0.066 6 0.049 8 0.049 5 1.664 2 1.646 6 0.455 5 0.455 8 0.022 7 0.022 4 0.055 7 0.055 8 0.027 0 0.026 5
S5 0.111 5 0.047 2 0.046 9 3.899 5 3.881 4 0.885 8 0.886 4 0.025 6 0.025 3 0.006 4 0.006 4 0.028 1 0.027 7
S6 0.146 9 0.080 5 0.080 0 1.460 6 1.453 9 0.338 8 0.339 0 0.016 3 0.016 1 0.005 4 0.005 4 0.019 5 0.019 2
S7 0.124 6 0.057 2 0.057 0 1.074 3 1.071 3 0.325 1 0.325 9 0.014 1 0.013 9 0.007 7 0.007 7 0.033 2 0.032 7
S8 0.206 7 0.055 0 0.054 7 1.565 8 1.558 6 0.385 4 0.385 7 0.013 8 0.013 7 0.009 0 0.009 0 0.035 1 0.034 5
S9 0.372 6 0.119 3 0.118 6 0.940 9 0.936 5 0.219 5 0.219 7 0.021 8 0.021 6 0.005 6 0.005 6 0.024 4 0.024 4
S10 0.036 0 0.087 6 0.087 1 0.045 6 0.043 6 0.115 2 0.115 3 0.019 8 0.019 5 0.005 3 0.005 3 0.023 4 0.023 0
S11 0.295 9 0.108 5 0.107 8 0.778 6 0.774 8 0.240 0 0.247 1 0.012 5 0.012 3 0.004 1 0.004 1 0.018 7 0.018 4
S12 0.069 2 0.025 6 0.025 4 0.246 1 0.245 4 0.304 2 0.304 9 0.008 3 0.008 2 0.005 3 0.005 3 0.013 1 0.012 9
S13 0.282 3 0.025 9 0.025 8 1.565 5 1.558 2 0.345 0 0.345 2 0.026 9 0.026 6 0.013 6 0.013 7 0.257 8 0.253 5
S14 0.144 6 0.023 1 0.022 9 0.143 1 0.148 2 0.069 3 0.069 3 0.012 3 0.0121 0.004 7 0.004 7 0.009 8 0.009 7
Student's t test 0.978 0.896 0.992 0.921 0.989 0.979
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Contents of seven components by QAMS and ESM in Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. ESM: External standard method; QAMS: Quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker

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No. Gallic aci/mg·g-1 Protocatechuic acid/mg·g-1 Catechin/mg·g-1 Epicatechin/mg·g-1 p-Coumaric acid/mg·g-1 Ferulic acid/mg·g-1 Phloridzin/mg·g-1
ESM ESM QAMS ESM QAMS ESM QAMS ESM QAMS ESM QAMS ESM QAMS
S1 0.119 4 0.104 1 0.104 3 0.499 0 0.496 7 0.217 6 0.217 7 0.009 6 0.009 4 0.004 0 0.004 0 0.020 7 0.020 3
S2 0.134 9 0.093 2 0.092 6 1.775 9 1.777 0 0.432 4 0.432 6 0.020 8 0.020 6 0.006 8 0.006 8 0.020 2 0.019 8
S3 0.063 3 0.069 1 0.068 7 1.476 9 1.470 1 0.314 3 0.314 5 0.019 2 0.018 9 0.005 3 0.005 3 0.016 8 0.016 5
S4 0.066 6 0.049 8 0.049 5 1.664 2 1.646 6 0.455 5 0.455 8 0.022 7 0.022 4 0.055 7 0.055 8 0.027 0 0.026 5
S5 0.111 5 0.047 2 0.046 9 3.899 5 3.881 4 0.885 8 0.886 4 0.025 6 0.025 3 0.006 4 0.006 4 0.028 1 0.027 7
S6 0.146 9 0.080 5 0.080 0 1.460 6 1.453 9 0.338 8 0.339 0 0.016 3 0.016 1 0.005 4 0.005 4 0.019 5 0.019 2
S7 0.124 6 0.057 2 0.057 0 1.074 3 1.071 3 0.325 1 0.325 9 0.014 1 0.013 9 0.007 7 0.007 7 0.033 2 0.032 7
S8 0.206 7 0.055 0 0.054 7 1.565 8 1.558 6 0.385 4 0.385 7 0.013 8 0.013 7 0.009 0 0.009 0 0.035 1 0.034 5
S9 0.372 6 0.119 3 0.118 6 0.940 9 0.936 5 0.219 5 0.219 7 0.021 8 0.021 6 0.005 6 0.005 6 0.024 4 0.024 4
S10 0.036 0 0.087 6 0.087 1 0.045 6 0.043 6 0.115 2 0.115 3 0.019 8 0.019 5 0.005 3 0.005 3 0.023 4 0.023 0
S11 0.295 9 0.108 5 0.107 8 0.778 6 0.774 8 0.240 0 0.247 1 0.012 5 0.012 3 0.004 1 0.004 1 0.018 7 0.018 4
S12 0.069 2 0.025 6 0.025 4 0.246 1 0.245 4 0.304 2 0.304 9 0.008 3 0.008 2 0.005 3 0.005 3 0.013 1 0.012 9
S13 0.282 3 0.025 9 0.025 8 1.565 5 1.558 2 0.345 0 0.345 2 0.026 9 0.026 6 0.013 6 0.013 7 0.257 8 0.253 5
S14 0.144 6 0.023 1 0.022 9 0.143 1 0.148 2 0.069 3 0.069 3 0.012 3 0.0121 0.004 7 0.004 7 0.009 8 0.009 7
Student's t test 0.978 0.896 0.992 0.921 0.989 0.979
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Principal component Initial eigenvalue Extract the sum of loads squared
Eigenvalue Variance contribution rate/% Cumulative variance contribution rate/% Eigenvalue Variance contribution rate/% Cumulative variance contribution rate/%
1 3.278 46.827 46.827 3.278 46.827 46.827
2 1.802 25.743 75.570 1.802 25.743 72.570
3 1.008 14.402 86.972 1.008 14.402 86.927
), ArticleFig(id=1198960227962941917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656147621245791, language=CN, label=Table 5, caption=

PCA eigenvalue and variance contribution rate

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Principal component Initial eigenvalue Extract the sum of loads squared
Eigenvalue Variance contribution rate/% Cumulative variance contribution rate/% Eigenvalue Variance contribution rate/% Cumulative variance contribution rate/%
1 3.278 46.827 46.827 3.278 46.827 46.827
2 1.802 25.743 75.570 1.802 25.743 72.570
3 1.008 14.402 86.972 1.008 14.402 86.927
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Component First principal component Second principal component Third principal component
Gallic acid -0.194 0.947 0.038
Protocatechuic acid -0.360 0.284 0.846
Catechin 0.823 0.019 0.246
Epicatechin 0.898 -0.271 0.174
p-Coumaric acid 0.875 -0.129 0.297
Ferulic acid 0.773 0.273 -0.305
Phloridzin 0.511 0.813 -0.138
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PCA factor loading matrix

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Component First principal component Second principal component Third principal component
Gallic acid -0.194 0.947 0.038
Protocatechuic acid -0.360 0.284 0.846
Catechin 0.823 0.019 0.246
Epicatechin 0.898 -0.271 0.174
p-Coumaric acid 0.875 -0.129 0.297
Ferulic acid 0.773 0.273 -0.305
Phloridzin 0.511 0.813 -0.138
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一测多评法同时测定锁阳中7种成分含量
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孟俊华 1, 2, 3 , 丁婵 1, 2, 3 , 彭思源 1, 2, 3 , 刘媛 1 , 严建业 1, 4, * , 崔培梧 1, 2, 3, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023,58(9): 2763-2770
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药学学报 |研究论文 2023 , 58 (9) : 2763 -2770
一测多评法同时测定锁阳中7种成分含量
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孟俊华1, 2, 3, 丁婵1, 2, 3, 彭思源1, 2, 3, 刘媛1, 严建业1, 4, * , 崔培梧1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1.湖南中医药大学药学院, 湖南 长沙 410208
  • 2.国家中医药管理局中药药性与药效三级科研实验室, 湖南 长沙 410208
  • 3.湖南中医药大学菌物药研究室, 湖南 长沙 410208
  • 4.湖南中医药大学科技创新中心, 湖南 长沙 410208
通讯作者:
*严建业, Tel: 13637405388, E-mail: ;
崔培梧, Tel: 15243699828, E-mail:
Simultaneous determination of seven different components in Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. by QAMS
Jun-hua MENG1, 2, 3, Chan DING1, 2, 3, Si-yuan PENG1, 2, 3, Yuan LIU1, Jian-ye YAN1, 4, * , Pei-wu CUI1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1. College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
  • 2. Research Lab of TCM Property & Efficacy, Grade 3, National Administration of TCM, Changsha 410208, China
  • 3. Mycomedicine Research Lab, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
  • 4. Science & Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
出版时间: 2023-09-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1356
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建立同时测定锁阳中没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷7种成分含量的一测多评方法。采用ChromCore Polae C18色谱柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), 以乙腈-0.3%磷酸水溶液为流动相, 梯度洗脱, 体积流量1.0 mL·min-1, 柱温25 ℃, 进样量40 μL, 采用变波长程序, 建立内参物没食子酸与原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的相对校正因子并进行相对校正因子的耐用性考察。采用外标法(external standard method, ESM) 与一测多评法(quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker, QAMS) 分别测定不同来源共14批锁阳药材中该7种成分的含量并验证QAMS法的准确性。采用SPSS与Origin Pro软件进行主成分分析、相似度分析和聚类分析。结果表明, 7种成分专属性、精密度、重复性、稳定性、线性范围(R2 > 0.999 0) 均良好,平均加样回收率为96.89%~103.16%, RSD为0.55%~2.76%。以没食子酸为内参物, 原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的平均相对校正因子分别为1.141 5、0.200 5、0.208 0、2.361 9、1.867 7、0.204 6; t检验结果表明ESM法与QAMS法测定结果差异不显著。通过统计学分析实现了数据集可视化, 结果显示, 不同样品中没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素的含量差异较大, 且此4类成分对于主成分的贡献较多, 可能为锁阳的主要质量标志物。聚类分析发现新疆和内蒙古产地的各自聚为一类, 表明锁阳质量具有地域性差异。该研究建立的QAMS法简单、经济、实用, 可以实现对锁阳中主要成分的快速、科学分析。

锁阳  /  一测多评法  /  外标法  /  相对校正因子  /  质量评价

A quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker method (QAMS) was established for simultaneous determination of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and phloridzin in Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. The analysis was performed on a ChromCore Polae C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.3% phosphoric acid aqueous solution for gradient elution. The volume flow rate, column temperature and sample injection volume were set at 1.0 mL·min-1, 25 ℃, and 40 µL, respectively. The relative correction factors of gallic acid and protocatechuic acid, catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and phloridzin were calculated and the durability was also investigated. The contents of these seven compounds in fourteen batches of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. from different producing areas or batches were determined by external standard method (ESM) and quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker method (QAMS), respectively. SPSS and Origin Pro software were employed for principal components assay, similarity evaluation and cluster analysis. The specificity, precision, repeatability, stability and linear range (R2 > 0.999 0) of the seven components were all good. The average recovery was 96.89%-103.16% and RSD was 0.55%-2.76%. Then gallic acid was chosen as internal reference for calculation the correction factors for the other six components, the average relative correction factors of protocatechuic acid, catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and phloridzin were 1.141 5, 0.200 5, 0.208 0, 2.361 9, 1.867 7, 0.204 6, respectively. Student's test results showed that there was no significant difference between the data analyzed by ESM and the data obtained from QAMS method. Through data visualization analysis, the contents of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin and epicatechin in different samples were significantly different, indicating that these four components might be the main quality markers of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. for gaving more contributes to the principal components. The cluster analysis showed that samples from Xinjiang and samples from Inner Mongolia were clustered in significantly different categories, meaning that the quality of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. had great relation with producing areas. The method of QAMS established in this study is a simple, economical and practical method with scientific and applicable charactistics for evaluating the quality of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. efficiently and scientifically.

Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.  /  quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker  /  external standard method  /  relative correction factor  /  quality evaluation
孟俊华, 丁婵, 彭思源, 刘媛, 严建业, 崔培梧. 一测多评法同时测定锁阳中7种成分含量. 药学学报, 2023 , 58 (9) : 2763 -2770 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1356
Jun-hua MENG, Chan DING, Si-yuan PENG, Yuan LIU, Jian-ye YAN, Pei-wu CUI. Simultaneous determination of seven different components in Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. by QAMS[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2023 , 58 (9) : 2763 -2770 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1356
锁阳为锁阳科植物锁阳Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.的干燥肉质茎[1], 主要分布于新疆、青海、甘肃、宁夏、内蒙古、陕西等西北部地区[2], 具有补肾阳、益精血、润肠通便之功效, 常用于肾阳不足、精血亏虚、腰膝痿软、阳痿滑精、肠燥便秘等症治疗[1, 3]。锁阳中主要化学成分有黄酮、生物碱、有机酸、三萜、木脂素、氨基酸类等[4-7], 具有清除自由基、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗病毒、抗肿瘤和调节免疫功能等药理作用[8-12]
近年来, 锁阳的化学成分和药理作用已经得到深入的研究, 但其质量评价和控制研究仍较缺乏, 《中华人民共和国药典》 (2020版一部) 也仅记录了薄层鉴别项目和药材通则检查项目, 未见锁阳有效成分[含量测定] 项标准[1], 这限制了锁阳整体质量评价和分析的规范化, 且锁阳药材品质易受产地和加工炮制方式影响。因此, 单一的成分难以全面评价中药质量的优劣, 通过多指标同步质量控制反映中药质量已成为当前中药质量评价领域的共识。王智民等[13]提出的一测多评法(quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker, QAMS) 技术通过测定易得、廉价、有效的一个成分(内参物) 从而可以实现多个成分含量的同步分析, 是一种较为简单和有效的中药质量控制模式, 已经在该领域多有应用[14-16]
目前基于光谱和色谱分析的锁阳质量控制和含量测定已有报道, 但多倾向于特征图谱、总多糖、总黄酮和少部分锁阳代表性黄酮类成分的含量测定, 且也未见对锁阳多组分综合含量深入研究的报道, 因此, 为了更好地利用中药锁阳, 本研究通过HPLC结合外标法(external standard method, ESM) 和QAMS法建立了可用于同时分析锁阳中包括黄酮、酚酸、香豆素类等共7种成分含量的分析策略, 为锁阳及其衍生产品的质量控制以及相关评价体系提升提供了参考。
仪器  Agilent 1200高效液相色谱仪和Agilent 1260高效液相色谱仪和Agilent 5 TC-C18(2) 色谱柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm, 美国安捷伦科技公司)、Waters E2695高效液相色谱仪(美国沃特世科技公司); 电子分析天平(型号: EX224ZH, d = 0.01 mg, 美国OHAUS公司); 超声波清洗仪(型号: JS-40, 常州鸿泽实验科技有限公司); ChromCore Polae C18色谱柱[250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, 纳普分析技术(苏州) 有限公司]、Welch Ultimate MB-C18色谱柱[250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm, 月旭科技(上海) 股份有限公司]。
药品与试剂  对照品没食子酸(批号: RP191126, 质量分数为99.25%)、原儿茶酸(批号: RP190605, 质量分数为99.99%)、儿茶素(批号: RP200829, 质量分数为99.25%)、表儿茶素(批号: RP190620, 质量分数为99.82%)、对香豆酸(批号: RP190306, 质量分数为100%)、阿魏酸(批号: RP190616, 质量分数为99.97%)、根皮苷(批号: RP20220406, 质量分数为99.80%), 均购自成都麦德生科技有限公司; 乙腈为色谱纯[西格玛奥德里奇(上海) 贸易有限公司], 水为怡宝纯净水, 其余试剂均为分析纯。锁阳药材样品来源见表 1, 经湖南中医药大学中药鉴定教研室龚力民副教授鉴定为锁阳Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.。
色谱分析方法  色谱柱为ChromCore Polae C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm); 流动相为乙腈(A)-0.3%磷酸水(B), 梯度洗脱: 0~14 min, 0.5%~0 A; 14~21 min, 0~0.5% A; 22~23 min, 0.5%~1.0% A; 23~24 min, 1.0%~2.0% A; 24~34 min, 2.0% A; 34~35 min, 2.0%~5.0% A; 35~45 min, 5.0% A; 45~46 min, 5.0%~7.0% A; 46~55 min, 7.0% A; 55~56 min, 7.0%~9.0% A; 56~70 min, 9.0%~10% A; 70~90 min, 10%~15% A; 90~105 min, 15%~28% A; 105~115 min, 28% A; 115~120 min, 28%~0.5% A。检测波长0~15 min, 274 nm; 15~18 min, 254 nm; 18~22 min, 286 nm; 22~28 min, 271 nm; 28~42 min, 260 nm; 42~90 min, 280 nm; 22~28 min, 271 nm; 90~120 min, 320 nm; 柱温25 ℃; 进样量40 µL; 体积流量1.0 mL·min-1
对照品溶液制备  精密称取对照品适量, 加50%甲醇溶解制成含没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷质量浓度分别为0.056 7、0.322 0、0.091 6、0.094 5、0.009 1、0.019 5和0.035 5 mg·mL-1的混合对照品溶液。
供试品溶液的制备  取锁阳样品粉末1.0 g (过60目筛), 精密称定, 置于100 mL干燥具塞锥形瓶中, 加入10 mL纯化水, 密塞, 称定质量, 超声(功率240 W, 频率40 kHz) 处理30 min, 放冷, 用纯化水补足减失的质量, 滤过, 经12 000 r·min-1离心10 min, 取上清液, 即得。
线性关系考察  将混合对照品溶液依次稀释至4/5、3/5、2/5、1/5、1/10, 并分别精密吸取40 µL, 注入高效液相色谱仪, 测定对照品的色谱峰面积。以各对照品浓度(x) 对相应峰面积(y) 进行回归处理, 得到锁阳中7个成分的回归方程及线性范围。
专属性考察  分别精密吸取没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷对照品溶液及混合对照品溶液、锁阳供试品溶液, 空白供试品溶液、按本实验色谱条件测定。
精密度  精密吸取同一供试品溶液(S1) 40 μL, 连续进样6次, 每次40 μL, 记录峰面积, 计算RSD值。
重复性  精密称取同一批号样品(S1), 按“供试品溶液制备”项下方法平行制备6份供试品溶液, 分别注入40 μL进样分析, 记录色谱图, 以没食子酸峰为参照峰, 记录各色谱峰与没食子酸峰相对保留时间与相对峰面积。
稳定性  精密吸取同一供试品溶液(S1) 40 μL, 分别于0、2、4、8、12、18、24 h进样分析, 记录各个测定时间点的峰面积, 计算RSD值。
加样回收率  精密称取适量已知含量样品(S1), 按“供试品溶液制备”项方法将称样量减半平行制备6份供试品溶液, 并以1︰1的比例加入定量对照品进样分析, 计算没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的平均加样回收率。
相对校正因子(f) 的测定  在建立的梯度洗脱HPLC色谱条件下, 取混合对照品溶液分别进样5、10、15、20、25、30、35和40 µL[17], 记录各成分的峰面积, 以没食子酸为内参物, 计算待测成分与内参物的f。按公式[18]f = (Ai/Ci) / (As/Cs), (Ai为待测成分峰面积, Ci为待测成分量浓度, As为内参物峰面积, Cs为内参物浓度)。
不同色谱柱对f的影响  取混合对照品溶液, 进样量为40 µL, 采用Agilent 1200高效液相色谱仪, 分别考察柱1: ChromCore Polae C18色谱柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm)、柱2: Agilent 5TC-C18(2) 色谱柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm)、柱3: Ultimate MB-C18色谱柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) 共3根色谱柱对各锁阳中7个成分f的影响。
不同柱温对f的影响  实验采用Agilent 1200高效液相色谱仪系统, ChromCore Polae C18色谱柱, 分别在不同柱温(20、25、30 ℃) 条件下测定锁阳中7个成分的f值。
不同流动相体积流量对f值的影响  实验采用Agilent 1200高效液相色谱仪系统, ChromCore Polae C18色谱柱, 考察不同体积流量(0.8、1.0、1.2 mL·min-1) 对锁阳中7个成分f值的影响。
不同仪器对f值的影响  实验分别采用Agilent 1200、Waters E2695、Agilent 1260高效液相色谱仪系统, ChromCore Polae C18色谱柱分别考察不同仪器对锁阳中7个成分f值的影响。
色谱峰定位参数  色谱峰的准确定位是保证QAMS法应用的前提, 色谱峰的定位方法有保留时间差法(Δt) 和相对保留时间法(tR), 按公式(1) 和(2) 计算[19, 20] (式中ts为内参物保留时间, ti为各待测成分保留时间)。本实验以没食子酸为内参物, 取混合对照品溶液进样40 µL, 考察不同色谱柱(ChromCore Polae C18色谱柱, Agilent 5 TC-C18(2) 色谱柱、Ultimate MB-C18色谱柱)、不同柱温、不同流速[21]时原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷相对于没食子酸的ΔttR
$ \Delta t=t_{\mathrm{i}}-t_{\mathrm{s}} $
$ t_{\mathrm{R}}=t_{\mathrm{i}} / t_{\mathrm{s}} $
QAMS法与ESM测定结果比较  采用本实验建立的变波长-梯度洗脱HPLC法对14批锁阳饮片样品进行分析, 首先采用ESM方法分别计算出锁阳样品中没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷7个成分的含量; 然后以没食子酸为QAMS方法的内参物, 依据实验测得的各成分对应的平均相对校正因子f, 参照QAMS定量计算公式(3) 计算[16, 17] (Wi为待测成分含量, Ai为待测成分峰面积, Ws为内参物含量, As为内参物峰面积, f为待测成分与内参物的相对校正因子), 分别计算出其余6个成分的含量。将ESM实测值与QAMS计算值进行配对t检验[22]
$f=\left(A_{\mathrm{i}} / W_{\mathrm{i}}\right) /\left(A_{\mathrm{s}} / W_{\mathrm{s}}\right)$
定量和统计学上的多变量方法  以锁阳14批样品7个成分质量分数为变量, 导入Origin Pro 2021软件进行样品相关性分析、层次聚类分析, 绘制相关系数图、聚类分析热图。聚类分析时, 行标签为样本编号, 列标签为7个成分名称, 对行数据进行标准化使得行数据具有可比性, 并采用平均聚类方法、曼哈顿距离类型。同时将7个成分质量分数导入SPSS 26.0软件进行主成分分析, 计算主成分特征值、方差贡献率及因子载荷矩阵。
结果显示, 此7个成分的线性关系良好, R2均大于0.999 0, 如表 2所示。
结果表明, 各成分保留时间基本一致, 特征峰紫外吸收光谱高度吻合、各色谱峰分离度均大于1.5, 表明方法专属性良好, 见图 1
没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷峰面积RSD分别为1.62%、1.36%、1.90%、1.68%、1.21%、1.90%、1.82%, 表明仪器的精密度良好。
原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷峰相对于没食子酸峰的相对保留时间RSD分别0.38%、0.50%、0.49%、0.53%、0.55%、0.62%, 相对峰面积RSD分别为1.25%、2.19%、2.25%、2.21%、2.75%、1.74%, 表明方法重复性良好。
没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷峰面积RSD分别为1.13%、1.61%、1.64%、1.94%、1.84%、1.64%、23%, 表明供试品溶液在24 h内稳定。
没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的平均加样回收率分别为103.11%、99.04%、96.89%、100.31%、98.63%、103.16%、97.09%, RSD分别为1.14%、2.59%、0.55%、2.30%、2.61%、1.48%、2.76%。
结果表明, 没食子酸作为内参物时原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的f分别为1.141 5、0.200 5、0.208 0、2.361 9、1.867 7、0.204 6。RSD均小于2%。
原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的f分别为1.158 2、0.198 4、0.205 7、2.367 4、1.872 3、0.2013。RSD均小于3%, 表明色谱柱更换对各成分f无显著性影响。
原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的f分别为1.139 0、0.198 6、0.206 7、2.371 5、1.877 1、0.202 0。RSD均小于3%, 表明柱温对各成分的f值无显著性影响。
原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的f分别为1.150 1、0.199 2、0.206 3、2.368 8、1.867 5、0.203 0。RSD均小于3%, 表明不同体积流量对各成分f值无显著性影响。
原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的f分别为1.143 5、0.198 7、0.205 6、2.364 0、1.868 8、0.204 8。RSD均小于3%, 表明更换仪器对各成分f值无显著性影响。
结果表明, 采用tR较Δt更好, 其RSD均小于5% (表 3), 因此采用相tR值对色谱峰定位。
ESM实测值与QAMS计算值配对t检验结果显示P > 0.05, 表明2种方法测定结果之间无显著差异, 提示建立的QAMS法有较好的准确性和可行性, 见表 4
图 2中, 红色表示正相关, 蓝色表示负相关, 圈的朝向代表正负相关性, 圈越大越圆表示相关系数绝对值越小, 数值越大代表相关性越接近, P值代表样品相关性显著程度。根据7个成分质量分数数据绘制的相关系数图显示样品S1~S14全部呈现正相关, 整体相似度在0.53~1.00之间, 相似度有较大波动情况, 样品S12、S13、S14的相似度相对较低, 表明不同产地不同批次的锁阳样品质量存在着较大差异。
依据所测锁阳样品中7种成分的含量进行聚类分析(图 3), 结果显示可将14批样品分为4大类。14批锁阳药材中阿魏酸、根皮苷、对香豆酸的含量差异较小, 儿茶素、表儿茶素、没食子酸的含量差异较为明显, 依据原儿茶酸的含量可将14批样品分成两组, 其中产地为新疆的样品原儿茶酸含量相对较低。综合分析可将新疆产地和内蒙古产地的锁阳各自聚为一类, 意味着药材质量具有一定的地域性差异。
PCA分析是通过降维的思想在损失很少信息的前提下将多个互相关联的变量转化成少数几个互不相关的综合指标的统计学方法, 可以用较少的变量去解释原始多变量中的大多数变异[23]。结果如表 56所示, 第一主成分的特征根为3.278, 能够解释的总变异为46.827%, 第二主成分的特征根为1.802, 能够解释的总变异为25.763%, 第三主成分的特征根为1.008, 能够解释14.402%的变异, 因此, 提取主成分3个, 累积贡献可达86.972%, 可代表锁阳样品86.972%的信息。以绝对值为依据, 第一主成分的信息主要来自于儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸, 第二主成分的信息主要来自于没食子酸、根皮苷, 第三主成分的信息主要来自于原儿茶酸。特征向量越大, 原始变量对主成分的贡献信息就越多。因此, 锁阳中没食子酸、表儿茶素、儿茶素、对香豆酸或可作为质量标准含量测定项成分。
本研究通过单因素实验对不同提取溶剂(10%甲醇、25%甲醇、50%甲醇、70%甲醇、10%乙醇和纯水)、不同料液比(1︰5、1︰10、1︰25)、不同提取方式时间(加热回流、超声)、不同提取时间(20、30、40 min)、不同流动相水相组成(0.1%甲酸、0.1%磷酸、0.2%磷酸、0.3%磷酸) 进行考察, 以峰面积的个数、峰面积的大小最终选定以纯水作为提取溶剂、料液比1︰10、超声30 min作为样品的提取方法。由于该色谱洗脱方法流动相水相比例较大, 故选择了耐水性更好的ChromCore Polae C18色谱柱; 而在流动相中有机相的选择中, 乙腈的强度因子高于甲醇, 洗脱效率明显优于甲醇; 在水相的选择中, 当酸浓度达到3‰时, 能明显抑制锁阳中目标成分色谱峰的拖尾。因此选择乙腈-0.3%磷酸水为流动相。
锁阳中黄酮类化合物的最大紫外吸收波在280 nm左右, 但将波长锁定在280 nm时, 色谱图整体基线漂浮较大, 同时, 也未达到锁阳中有机酸成分的最大吸收波长, 因此设计了变波长程序。同时, 本实验中相对校正因子考察项单因素的变化会引起色谱峰保留时间的变化, 因此, 目标成分峰将偏移出所设定的波长时间范围内, 从而引起峰面积的变化, 故本实验在进行影响相对校正因子的单因素实验考察项中, 根据实际情况改变了变波长范围的时间, 使得所有成分色谱峰均控制在特定光谱波长下; 同时, 在影响相对校正因子单因素实验考察项中发现, 因素的改变虽对相对校正因子影响较小, 但是会影响锁阳供试样品色谱峰的分离度。
文献[24]中QAMS法测定锁阳成分含量的研究仅有没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素3种, 且色谱峰分离度较差, 有拖尾现象, 其他关于锁阳质量评价的研究也主要侧重于指纹图谱和少部分成分的含量测定[25-30], 而本研究建立了内参物没食子酸与原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的相对校正因子, 涉及酚酸、苯丙素类、黄酮类成分, 考察了f的耐用性及色谱峰定位参数, 并测定了14批不同产地/批次的锁阳样品, 结果显示, QAMS法含量测定数据与ESM测定数据无显著性差异, 因此可用QAMS代替ESM对锁阳中此7种成分进行含量测定, 能更加经济和快捷地为锁阳的质量控制做出评价。
综上所述, 本研究建立了准确可靠的可同时分析锁阳多组分的HPLC方法; 并对该方法进行了验证, 显示所建立的方法具有较高的灵敏度、重现性和准确性, 并从所建立的HPLC色谱图上指认了7个共有成分, 建立了内参物没食子酸与待测成分原儿茶酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、根皮苷的相对校正因子(f), 通过对14批市售不同产地锁阳饮片中7个成分含量的测定, 以传统ESM法测定结果验证QAMS测定结果的准确性, 并采用SPSS、Origin Pro软件对14批不同产地锁阳饮片样品进行相似度分析、聚类分析和主成分分析, 实现了数据集的可视化和降维, 为锁阳药材的全面质量评价提供了参考。
作者贡献: 孟俊华为本文所涉及实验的主要完成者、数据处理者及论文主要撰写者; 丁婵、彭思源、刘媛负责了部分实验工作; 严建业为本文提供修改意见; 崔培梧提出本文思路、负责实验设计并参与本文撰写与修改。
利益冲突: 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81973211/C0033375)
  • 湖南省中医药科研计划(D2022139)
  • 湖南省大学生创新训练项目(湘教通[2022]174号-2918)
  • 湖南中医药大学研究生创新课题(校行研字[2022]20号-87)
  • 湖南中医药大学中药炮制传承基地基金(2022ZYPZ07)
  • 湖南中医药大学生物工程学科(校行科字[2018]3号)
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2023年第58卷第9期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1356
  • 接收时间:2022-12-08
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-09-12
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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-08
  • 修回日期:2023-03-10
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81973211/C0033375)
湖南省中医药科研计划(D2022139)
湖南省大学生创新训练项目(湘教通[2022]174号-2918)
湖南中医药大学研究生创新课题(校行研字[2022]20号-87)
湖南中医药大学中药炮制传承基地基金(2022ZYPZ07)
湖南中医药大学生物工程学科(校行科字[2018]3号)
作者信息
    1.湖南中医药大学药学院, 湖南 长沙 410208
    2.国家中医药管理局中药药性与药效三级科研实验室, 湖南 长沙 410208
    3.湖南中医药大学菌物药研究室, 湖南 长沙 410208
    4.湖南中医药大学科技创新中心, 湖南 长沙 410208

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*严建业, Tel: 13637405388, E-mail: ;
崔培梧, Tel: 15243699828, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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