Article(id=1198652610304639102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198652605778985059, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0552, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1682784000000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-30, revisedDate=1688486400000, revisedDateStr=2023-07-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763710652184, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1691769600000, pubDateStr=2023-08-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763710652184, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763710652184, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763710652184, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198652605778985059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='8', pageStart='0', pageEnd='2540', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1691769600000', pubDateStr='2023-08-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763710651106, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1763710739504, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198652976601596347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198652605778985059, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198652976601596348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198652605778985059, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2239, endPage=2249, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198652610627600525, articleId=1198652610304639102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Research progress of small molecule modulators targeting Toll-like receptor 2, columnId=null, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Toll like receptors (TLRs) are the earliest discovered natural immune pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The abnormality of TLR signal transduction pathway is the key factor leading to chronic inflammatory, cancer, nervous system disease and cardiovascular diseases. The development of TLR agonists and inhibitors has attracted much attention. Currently known TLR2 agonists, such as lipopeptides or their derivatives, have certain limitations in drug development due to their difficult synthesis, easy hydrolysis, and triggering inflammatory cytokine storms, while inhibitors have been rarely reported. New small molecule TLR2 agonists or inhibitors with higher stability are more likely to be developed as tumor immunotherapy or anti-inflammatory drugs.
, authors=null, authorsList=Jia-hua KE, Dan-lei CHEN, Kui CHENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Kui CHENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198652619603411662, articleId=1198652610304639102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=靶向Toll样受体2的小分子调节剂研究进展, columnId=1190335349655180086, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors, TLRs) 是最早被发现的天然免疫模式识别受体(pattern-recognition receptors, PRRs)。TLR信号传导通路的异常是导致慢性炎症、癌症、神经系统疾病和心血管疾病等的关键因素, TLR的激动剂和抑制剂的开发都备受关注。目前已知的TLR2激动剂, 如脂肽或其衍生物, 由于合成困难、易水解、且易引发炎性细胞因子风暴, 存在一定的药物研发局限性, 抑制剂则少有报道。具有更高稳定性的新型小分子TLR2激动剂或抑制剂将更有可能开发成肿瘤免疫治疗或抗炎药物。
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Structures of human Toll-like receptors (TLRs)[7]. Copyright © 2021 Hindawi , figureFileSmall=7R8rQ1Pq89PnGgBmWdyJWg==, figureFileBig=Jwb+opfXR6m1uDXkQIRyJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960107636752695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=LMn88okHCYg0ehT48tAeBA==, figureFileBig=uND+anqXf7SA+6cFJAd8aA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960107800330566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=
TLRs signaling pathway[16]. Copyright © 2021 MDPI , figureFileSmall=LMn88okHCYg0ehT48tAeBA==, figureFileBig=uND+anqXf7SA+6cFJAd8aA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960107951325527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=D/+56o0VWYlfzgaCevklIw==, figureFileBig=e1+ZJxHPRNqxQta7baWJfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960108064571744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption=
(A) Overall structure of the human TLR1-TLR2-Pam3CSK4 complex[21]. Copyright © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. (B) Overall structure of the mouse TLR2-TLR6-Pam2CSK4 complex[22] Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved , figureFileSmall=D/+56o0VWYlfzgaCevklIw==, figureFileBig=e1+ZJxHPRNqxQta7baWJfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960108177817959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=H+rQQx316o+wUB69DIGwrw==, figureFileBig=NcZAJgvRHU4Vp8AnEjhiRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960108349784438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption=
Structures of TLR2 agonists , figureFileSmall=H+rQQx316o+wUB69DIGwrw==, figureFileBig=NcZAJgvRHU4Vp8AnEjhiRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960108500779394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=s6mjlkWWY7L4css58lx6wg==, figureFileBig=1QpeFromL9+vqyLNRHlUSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960108630802826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption=
The chemical structure of diprovocim and diprovocim induces heterodimerization of TLR2/TLR1[26]. (A) Structure of diprovocim. (B) Diprovocim induces heterodimerization of TLR2/TLR1 as well as homodimerization of TLR2/TLR2. Overall structure of the TLR2/TLR1 heterodimer (C) and TLR2 homodimer (D) induced by binding to diprovocim. Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society , figureFileSmall=s6mjlkWWY7L4css58lx6wg==, figureFileBig=1QpeFromL9+vqyLNRHlUSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960108853100958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=QIZwyAqn2vk+Ue0dj7/QIQ==, figureFileBig=+WQNNp14zELLJdwbsUTHOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960109041844658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption=
Stereo view of the hydrogen-bonding network between diprovocim and TLR2[26]. (A) Stereo view of the hydrogen-bonding network between diprovocim and TLR2. (B) Stereo view of the hydrophobic interactions between TLR2 and diprovocim. Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society , figureFileSmall=QIZwyAqn2vk+Ue0dj7/QIQ==, figureFileBig=+WQNNp14zELLJdwbsUTHOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960109180256705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Is2eU9WKHK9VfGekqYapYg==, figureFileBig=Li4uvgCnAGRfQFKpqyyKEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960109293502928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption=
(A) Chemical structure of the ZINC6662436. (B) Comparison of the initial hits in the TLR2 related secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) gene activation. (C) The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation of SMU-127 compared with the positive control Pam3CSK4[28]. Copyright © 2018 Royal Society of Chemistry , figureFileSmall=Is2eU9WKHK9VfGekqYapYg==, figureFileBig=Li4uvgCnAGRfQFKpqyyKEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960109369000412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=XreT3RImDxpK6GAwf8VHzQ==, figureFileBig=Px2qSV4GAOwg+u5yWEjicA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960109503218152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption=
SMU127 was proved to be a specific ligand of TLR1/2, and not TLR2/6[28]. (A) SMU127 promoted TLR2 protein expression in HEK-Blue hTLR2 cells. Specificity results of SMU127 (B) and the positive control Pam2CSK4 (C). Copyright © 2018 Royal Society of Chemistry , figureFileSmall=XreT3RImDxpK6GAwf8VHzQ==, figureFileBig=Px2qSV4GAOwg+u5yWEjicA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960109612270072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=rIjXPYr+WHsaIXyzRF7big==, figureFileBig=NpatkQWT71PrKgzPz8bIeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960109767459332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 9, caption=
Structures of the hit compounds obtained from HTS, and bioactivity validation of the optimized compound SMU-Z1[29]. (A) Chemical structures of the hits from the HTS. (B) The initial hit compounds obtained for TLR2 activation. (C) Comparison of SMU-Z1 with RF04289 and Pam3CSK4 for the SEAP activation in HEK-Blue hTLR2 cells. (D) Specificity of SMU-Z1 in HEK-Blue human TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, and TLR8 cells. (E) SMU-Z1 upregulated the TLR2 protein. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley and Sons , figureFileSmall=rIjXPYr+WHsaIXyzRF7big==, figureFileBig=NpatkQWT71PrKgzPz8bIeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960109859734028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=LQwnnKJtc8lICKntcvcwtQ==, figureFileBig=zHcRjXMTJdVsFXWtJ6ELTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960109977174554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 10, caption=
SMU-Z1 is a TLR1/2, but not TLR2/6 agonist, and model of key cellular events mediating the anti-tumor effect of SMU-Z1[29]. (A) HEK-Blue hTLR2 cells were treated with SMU-Z1 and anti-hTLR1, anti-hTLR2, or anti-hTLR6 antibodies for 24 h. (B) The positive control Pam2CSK4, a TLR2/6 agonist, had different responses to TLR1, 2 and 6 specific antibodies compared to SMU-Z1. (C) Model of key cellular events mediating the anti-tumor effect of SMU-Z1. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley and Sons , figureFileSmall=LQwnnKJtc8lICKntcvcwtQ==, figureFileBig=zHcRjXMTJdVsFXWtJ6ELTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960110090420771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=FVY6FrYGzMK6cCkPNXGeRQ==, figureFileBig=7c/N0yn0CEwCv8XjYnaDiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960110186889769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 11, caption=
Study on the structure-activity relationship of ZINC695420[30]. Copyright © 2021 American Chemical Society , figureFileSmall=FVY6FrYGzMK6cCkPNXGeRQ==, figureFileBig=7c/N0yn0CEwCv8XjYnaDiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960110354661941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=DoIxFxL01uQbS2G9kljB7Q==, figureFileBig=9bcg5qos4/bF9JU61ga4Qg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960110568571466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 12, caption=
SMU-C80 functions as a specific agonist of TLR1/2[30]. (A) HEK-Blue hTLR2 cells were treated with SMU-C80 at the indicated concentrations for 24 h, and the absorbance was measured with a microplate reader at OD 620 nm. (B) Comparison of SMU-C80 and ZINC695420. The SEAP signals of HEK-Blue cells overexpressing (C) hTLR3, (D) hTLR4, (E) hTLR5, (F) hTLR7, or (G) hTLR8 were tested, using their corresponding ligands as positive controls. (H) The SEAP signals stimulated by SMU-C80 were treated with TLR1, TLR2, and TLR6 antibodies after incubation for 24 h in HEK-Blue hTLR2 cells. Copyright © 2021 American Chemical Society , figureFileSmall=DoIxFxL01uQbS2G9kljB7Q==, figureFileBig=9bcg5qos4/bF9JU61ga4Qg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960110715372118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Xa2KpSJy6EFj47pxxoDDfw==, figureFileBig=zQO9RsrQULztyWnA7976BQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960110908310117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 13, caption=
SMU-C80 has a negligible toxicity and it's signaling pathway[30]. (A) HEK-Blue hTLR2 cells and (B) PBMC were treated with SMU-C80 at the indicated concentrations for 24 h. (C) The signaling pathway of SMU-C80. Copyright © 2021 American Chemical Society , figureFileSmall=Xa2KpSJy6EFj47pxxoDDfw==, figureFileBig=zQO9RsrQULztyWnA7976BQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960111088665202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=/p79MoVB2XPzd3sTphGyqA==, figureFileBig=M3vwFj9WwthufR+oqCodhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960111399043715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 14, caption=
Chemical structures of C29, CU-CPT22, TX-33 and SMU-Y6 , figureFileSmall=/p79MoVB2XPzd3sTphGyqA==, figureFileBig=M3vwFj9WwthufR+oqCodhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960111596176019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=ZLO+pUTvj83NFOr8Y/OeFw==, figureFileBig=zw6VTdFegi8jezVr68Ge/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960111789114022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198652610304639102, language=CN, label=Figure 15, caption=
(A) structure of INH14. (B) IC50 of INH14 on NF-κB (C) inhibitor of NF-κB kinases α (IKKα) and (D) inhibitor of NF-κB kinases β (IKKβ)[36]. 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