Article(id=1198628677748617661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198628666650493481, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1663171200000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-15, revisedDate=1671033600000, revisedDateStr=2022-12-15, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763704946218, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1689091200000, pubDateStr=2023-07-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763704946218, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763704946218, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763704946218, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198628666650493481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='7', pageStart='0', pageEnd='1980', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763704943573, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766137716668, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208832456644490122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198628666650493481, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208832456644490123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198628666650493481, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1761, endPage=1769, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198628678608450056, articleId=1198628677748617661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=The mechanisms of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its honey-processed products on improving cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats based on metabolomics, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study used metabolomics to explore the improvement effect of raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine (approval No.: SDZYY20200101001). SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group (0.9 g·kg-1) and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group (0.9 g·kg-1), 6 rats in each group. The rats model of acute kidney injury was established by single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (CP) and treated with raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The pathological changes of renal tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and PAS staining, the contents creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were detected. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to study tissue metabolomics to screen the biomarkers affected by raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and analyz the metabolic pathways. The results showed that compared with the model group, raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma can significantly improve the pathological changes of renal tissue and decrease the content of Cr, BUN and increase the activity of SOD. In addition, honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma can also significantly reduce the kidney index. In tissue samples, 45 biomarkers were measured in AKI rats. Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma could simultaneously call back 11 differential metabolites, which were involved in the regulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. In addition, raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is also involved in the regulation of glycine, serine and threonine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism. In summary, raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma can participate in the regulation of different metabolic pathways, and play an improvement role in AKI rats by regulating amino acid, lipid metabolism, energy metabolism and oxidative stress.

, correspAuthors=Qian ZHOU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Na SUN, Min HUA, Qing YANG, Bian-li WANG, Rui-xue LIANG, Xin-jun ZHANG, Xiao-qing YANG, Jian-yong ZHOU, Qian ZHOU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198628682072945383, articleId=1198628677748617661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=基于代谢组学的甘草及其蜜炙品改善顺铂致大鼠急性肾损伤的作用机制研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究采用代谢组学技术探究生、炙甘草对急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury, AKI) 大鼠改善作用。所有动物实验均经过山东省中医药研究院动物伦理委员会批准(批准号: SDZYY20200101001)。随机将SD大鼠分为对照组、模型组、生甘草组(0.9 g·kg-1)、炙甘草组(0.9 g·kg-1), 每组6只。采用单次腹腔注射顺铂(cisplatin, CP) 构建急性肾损伤模型, 给予生、炙甘草治疗, 苏木精-伊红染色(hematoxylin and eosin, HE)、PAS染色评估肾组织病理变化, 检测血清中肌酐(creatinine, Cr)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen, BUN) 和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidedismutase, SOD) 含量。UPLC-Q-TOF/MS进行组织代谢组学研究, 筛选生、炙甘草干预的生物标志物, 并进行代谢通路进行分析。结果表明, 与模型组相比, 生、炙甘草可改善肾组织病理变化, 降低血清中Cr、BUN含量, 升高SOD活性, 此外炙甘草还可以显著降低肾脏指数。组织代谢组学分析筛选得到45种与AKI相关的生物标志物, 生、炙甘草可以同时回调其中的11种差异代谢物, 参与调控甘油磷脂代谢, 色氨酸代谢, 苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成和谷胱甘肽代谢, 此外生甘草还参与调控甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢与嘧啶代谢。综上, 生甘草和炙甘草可参与调控不同的代谢通路, 通过调节氨基酸、脂质代谢、能量代谢及氧化应激发挥对AKI大鼠的改善作用。

, correspAuthors=周倩, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*周倩, Tel: 13589044563, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=X8pcOTccffN0E6OJtdTjqA==, magXml=mqs5VDESiEdyVGOSpCZ6aw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=FaknWV8u3ddSFHACzVqtUA==, pdfFileSize=3117499, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=styyPpmE04akF9z1L1hB8A==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=mA1PaIpFvMHeUdocqzp9PA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=孙娜, 化敏, 杨青, 王变利, 梁瑞雪, 张新军, 杨晓庆, 周建永, 周倩)}, authors=[Author(id=1198960140985659868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960141161820658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960140985659868, language=EN, stringName=Na SUN, firstName=Na, middleName=null, lastName=SUN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960141304427015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960140985659868, language=CN, stringName=孙娜, firstName=娜, middleName=null, lastName=孙, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.山东中医药大学药学院, 山东 济南 250355
2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140071301488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140088078707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140071301488, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140109050231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140071301488, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山东中医药大学药学院, 山东 济南 250355)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140247462278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140255850886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140264239498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014)])]), Author(id=1198960141459616276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960141623194150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960141459616276, language=EN, stringName=Min HUA, firstName=Min, middleName=null, lastName=HUA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960141736440371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960141459616276, language=CN, stringName=化敏, firstName=敏, middleName=null, lastName=化, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140247462278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140255850886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140264239498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014)])]), Author(id=1198960141858075200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960142009070160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960141858075200, language=EN, stringName=Qing YANG, firstName=Qing, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960142134899289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960141858075200, language=CN, stringName=杨青, firstName=青, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014
3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140247462278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140255850886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140264239498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140411040157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140419428767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140432011681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014)])]), Author(id=1198960142231368293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960142386557560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960142231368293, language=EN, stringName=Bian-li WANG, firstName=Bian-li, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960142483026555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960142231368293, language=CN, stringName=王变利, firstName=变利, middleName=null, lastName=王, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014
3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140247462278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140255850886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140264239498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140411040157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140419428767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140432011681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014)])]), Author(id=1198960142604661384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960142818570912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960142604661384, language=EN, stringName=Rui-xue LIANG, firstName=Rui-xue, middleName=null, lastName=LIANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960142936011436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960142604661384, language=CN, stringName=梁瑞雪, firstName=瑞雪, middleName=null, lastName=梁, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014
3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140247462278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140255850886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140264239498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140411040157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140419428767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140432011681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014)])]), Author(id=1198960143217029824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960143544185565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960143217029824, language=EN, stringName=Xin-jun ZHANG, firstName=Xin-jun, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960143682597613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960143217029824, language=CN, stringName=张新军, firstName=新军, middleName=null, lastName=张, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014
3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140247462278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140255850886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140264239498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140411040157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140419428767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140432011681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014)])]), Author(id=1198960143808426745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960143955227395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960143808426745, language=EN, stringName=Xiao-qing YANG, firstName=Xiao-qing, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4. Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960144076862226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960143808426745, language=CN, stringName=杨晓庆, firstName=晓庆, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.山东第一医科大学第一附属医院病理科, 山东 济南 250014, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140574618033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140587200948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140574618033, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140608172472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140574618033, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.山东第一医科大学第一附属医院病理科, 山东 济南 250014)])]), Author(id=1198960144190108449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960144328520497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960144190108449, language=EN, stringName=Jian-yong ZHOU, firstName=Jian-yong, middleName=null, lastName=ZHOU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960144471126843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960144190108449, language=CN, stringName=周建永, firstName=建永, middleName=null, lastName=周, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140247462278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140255850886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140264239498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014)])]), Author(id=1198960144596955974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhouqian0126@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960144827642721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960144596955974, language=EN, stringName=Qian ZHOU, firstName=Qian, middleName=null, lastName=ZHOU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, 5, *, address=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China
5. The key Unit for Research of technique and principle of Honey-processing and Carbonizing of SATCM, Jinan 250014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960144978637681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, authorId=1198960144596955974, language=CN, stringName=周倩, firstName=倩, middleName=null, lastName=周, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, 5, *, address=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014
3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014
5.国家中医药管理局中药蜜制和制炭炮制技术与原理重点研究室, 山东 济南 250014, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140247462278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140255850886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140264239498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140411040157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140419428767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140432011681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140754973127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140792721868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140754973127, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5. The key Unit for Research of technique and principle of Honey-processing and Carbonizing of SATCM, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140801110477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140754973127, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.国家中医药管理局中药蜜制和制炭炮制技术与原理重点研究室, 山东 济南 250014)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1198960145251267467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Keyword(id=1198960145339347861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Keyword(id=1198960145452594079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=acute kidney injury), Keyword(id=1198960145582617513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=metabonomics), Keyword(id=1198960145746195387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=mechanism), Keyword(id=1198960145876218820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=生甘草), Keyword(id=1198960145981076425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=炙甘草), Keyword(id=1198960146098516945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=急性肾损伤), Keyword(id=1198960146190791638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=代谢组学), Keyword(id=1198960146291454942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=作用机制)], refs=[Reference(id=1198960149575594162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1038/ki.2013.153, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=84, issue=null, pageStart=457, pageEnd=467, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=Kidney Int, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lewington AJ, Cerdá J, Mehta RL. Raising awareness of acute kidney injury: a global perspective of a silent killer[J]. Kidney Int, 2013, 84: 457-467., articleTitle=Raising awareness of acute kidney injury: a global perspective of a silent killer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960149697228987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=State Pharmacopoeia Committee. Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国药典) [S]. Part Ι. Beijing: China Medical Science Press, 2020: 88., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960149881778366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=2016, issue=null, pageStart=8219287, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao H, Zhao M, Wang Y, et al. Glycyrrhizic acid attenuates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2016, 2016: 8219287., articleTitle=Glycyrrhizic acid attenuates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960150028579014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1016/j.jphs.2021.10.001, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=148, issue=null, pageStart=56, pageEnd=64, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=J Pharmacol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rui ZT, Ke HX, Yuan L, et al. Renoprotective effect of isoliquiritigenin on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through inhibition of FPR2 in macrophage[J]. J Pharmacol Sci, 2022, 148: 56-64., articleTitle=Renoprotective effect of isoliquiritigenin on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through inhibition of FPR2 in macrophage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960150162796749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1016/S0944-7113(00)80072-0, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2000, volume=6, issue=null, pageStart=439, pageEnd=445, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=Phytomedicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yokozawa T, Liu ZW, Chen CP. Protective effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract and its compounds in a renal hypoxia (ischemia)-reoxygenation (reperfusion) model[J]. Phytomedicine, 2000, 6: 439-445., articleTitle=Protective effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract and its compounds in a renal hypoxia (ischemia)-reoxygenation (reperfusion) model, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960150317986002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=44, issue=null, pageStart=1739, pageEnd=1743, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Deng J, Shi J, Shen L, et al. Study on grade evaluation of stir-fried liquorice decoction pieces based on quality constant of Chinese medicine[J]. China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2019, 44: 1739-1743., articleTitle=Study on grade evaluation of stir-fried liquorice decoction pieces based on quality constant of Chinese medicine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960150464786647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=2, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=Compendium of Materia Medica (本草纲目), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li SZ Compendium of Materia Medica (本草纲目)[M]. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2005: 2., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960150552867036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1999, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=436, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=Materia Medica: Vol 67 (本草正: 第67卷), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang JY Materia Medica: Vol 67 (本草正: 第67卷)[M]. Beijing: Huaxia Publishing House, 1999: 436., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960150653530341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=16, issue=null, pageStart=115, pageEnd=118, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form (中国实验方剂学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun FJ, Zhou Q, Wang CF, et al. Pharmacodynamic comparison of Glycyrrhiza uralensis before and after processing[J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form (中国实验方剂学杂志), 2010, 16: 115-118., articleTitle=Pharmacodynamic comparison of Glycyrrhiza uralensis before and after processing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960150770970852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1989, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=437, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=Ren-Zhai's Direct Guidance on Formulas (仁斋直指方论), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang SY Ren-Zhai's Direct Guidance on Formulas (仁斋直指方论)[M]. Fuzhou: Fujian Science and Technology Press, 1989: 437., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960150863245544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=Methodology of Pharmacological Experiment (药理实验方法学), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei W, Wu XM, Li YJ Methodology of Pharmacological Experiment (药理实验方法学)[M]. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2017, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960150963908845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1111/jphp.13090, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=71, issue=null, pageStart=1072, pageEnd=1081, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=J Pharm Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kaushik S, Tomar A, Puthanmadhom Narayanan S, et al. Pitavastatin attenuates cisplatin-induced renal injury by targeting MAPK and apoptotic pathways[J]. J Pharm Pharmacol, 2019, 71: 1072-1081., articleTitle=Pitavastatin attenuates cisplatin-induced renal injury by targeting MAPK and apoptotic pathways, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960151064572142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=47, issue=null, pageStart=1001, pageEnd=1008, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang C, Gan ZQ, Luo SY, et al. Mechanism of Tibetan medicine Pterocephalus hookeri extract in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on serum metabonomics[J]. China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2022, 47: 1001-1008., articleTitle=Mechanism of Tibetan medicine Pterocephalus hookeri extract in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on serum metabonomics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960151156846835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.005, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=58, issue=null, pageStart=388, pageEnd=393, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=Food Chem Toxicol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lee HS, Kim BK, Nam Y, et al. Protective role of phosphatidylcholine against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity and oxidative stress in rats[J]. Food Chem Toxicol, 2013, 58: 388-393., articleTitle=Protective role of phosphatidylcholine against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity and oxidative stress in rats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960151270093047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00110, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=34, issue=null, pageStart=1759, pageEnd=1768, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=Chem Res Toxicol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tan B, Chen J, Qin S, et al. Tryptophan pathway-targeted metabolomics study on the mechanism and intervention of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats[J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 2021, 34: 1759-1768., articleTitle=Tryptophan pathway-targeted metabolomics study on the mechanism and intervention of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960151374950653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1038/s41573-019-0016-5, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=18, issue=null, pageStart=379, pageEnd=401, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=Nat Rev Drug Discov, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Platten M, Nollen EAA, Röhrig UF, et al. Tryptophan metabolism as a common therapeutic target in cancer, neurodegeneration and beyond[J]. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2019, 18: 379-401., articleTitle=Tryptophan metabolism as a common therapeutic target in cancer, neurodegeneration and beyond, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960151454642432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1159/000519811, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=52, issue=null, pageStart=771, pageEnd=787, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=Am J Nephrol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wee HN, Liu JJ, Ching J, et al. The kynurenine pathway in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease[J]. Am J Nephrol, 2021, 52: 771-787., articleTitle=The kynurenine pathway in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960151597248776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5032-08.2009, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=29, issue=null, pageStart=4200, pageEnd=4209, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=J Neurosci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=O'Connor JC, André C, Wang Y, et al. Interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediate the upregulation of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and the induction of depressive-like behavior in mice in response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin[J]. J Neurosci, 2009, 29: 4200-4209., articleTitle=Interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediate the upregulation of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and the induction of depressive-like behavior in mice in response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960151781798157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114299, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=183, issue=null, pageStart=114299, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=Biochem Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Song Y, Hu T, Gao H, et al. Altered metabolic profiles and biomarkers associated with astragaloside Ⅳ-mediated protection against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats: an HPLC-TOF/MS-based untargeted metabolomics study[J]. Biochem Pharmacol, 2021, 183: 114299, articleTitle=Altered metabolic profiles and biomarkers associated with astragaloside Ⅳ-mediated protection against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats: an HPLC-TOF/MS-based untargeted metabolomics study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960151874072848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=2017, issue=null, pageStart=1716701, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=Oxid Med Cell Longev, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Razak MA, Begum PS, Viswanath B, et al. Multifarious beneficial effect of nonessential amino acid, glycine: a review[J]. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2017, 2017: 1716701., articleTitle=Multifarious beneficial effect of nonessential amino acid, glycine: a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960151978930451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=95, issue=null, pageStart=139, pageEnd=141, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=Tunis Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rais L, El Ati Z, Ben Fatma L, et al. Acute tubular necrosis following transurethral resection of the prostate using glycine as irrigating fluid[J]. Tunis Med, 2017, 95: 139-141., articleTitle=Acute tubular necrosis following transurethral resection of the prostate using glycine as irrigating fluid, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960152108953881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.1007/s11010-014-2052-0, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=393, issue=null, pageStart=123, pageEnd=131, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=Mol Cell Biochem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Arora S, Kaur T, Kaur A, et al. Glycine aggravates ischemia reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation in rats[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2014, 393: 123-131., articleTitle=Glycine aggravates ischemia reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation in rats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960152222200095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, doi=10.2174/156802611795347645, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=923, pageEnd=947, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=Curr Top Med Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Micheli V, Camici M, Tozzi MG, et al. Neurological disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism[J]. Curr Top Med Chem, 2011, 11: 923-947., articleTitle=Neurological disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1198960149198106786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, awardId=ZR2020KH021, language=CN, fundingSource=山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KH021), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198960149307158695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, awardId=81603299, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(81603299), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960140071301488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140088078707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140071301488, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140109050231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140071301488, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山东中医药大学药学院, 山东 济南 250355)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140247462278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140255850886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140264239498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140247462278, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140411040157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140419428767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140432011681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140411040157, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140574618033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140587200948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140574618033, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140608172472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140574618033, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.山东第一医科大学第一附属医院病理科, 山东 济南 250014)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960140754973127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140792721868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140754973127, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5. The key Unit for Research of technique and principle of Honey-processing and Carbonizing of SATCM, Jinan 250014, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960140801110477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, companyId=1198960140754973127, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.国家中医药管理局中药蜜制和制炭炮制技术与原理重点研究室, 山东 济南 250014)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1198960146559890418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=4uZnHu0Ymyzeuvy4xaQ5hQ==, figureFileBig=sN9aHlRTeZM7UgMNwiLfnA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960146660553722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= Body weight of rats in each group. NOR: Normal group; MOD: Model group; GLY: Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma; HON: Honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$\bar{x}$</span> ± <i>s</i> , figureFileSmall=4uZnHu0Ymyzeuvy4xaQ5hQ==, figureFileBig=sN9aHlRTeZM7UgMNwiLfnA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960146832519176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=XKB4GWoSQ4gOPaR0fmsykg==, figureFileBig=9gia4C4Dap3cK0xbxaCopg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960146970931216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Renal index of rats in each group. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$\bar{x}$</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> NOR; <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05 <i>vs</i> MOD , figureFileSmall=XKB4GWoSQ4gOPaR0fmsykg==, figureFileBig=9gia4C4Dap3cK0xbxaCopg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960147100954650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=thqICDijhrW51SJ4P4N2pw==, figureFileBig=F1RksNOoYjZiTQ+nrhdqbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960147272921130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= Effects of raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on histopathological changes of renal tissue in AKI rats (A) and renal tubular injury score (B). HE, PAS staining, ×400, the black arrows indicate that the renal tubules are diseased. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$\bar{x}$</span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> NOR; <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> MOD , figureFileSmall=thqICDijhrW51SJ4P4N2pw==, figureFileBig=F1RksNOoYjZiTQ+nrhdqbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960147390361648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=S5MafhOsob74sRMOOreJQA==, figureFileBig=XA+rz3Uj8jIc9Yr/nvNnGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960147516190777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Positive ion mode normal group (A), model group (B), raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group (C), honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group (D) total ion current map; negative ion normal group (E), model group (F), raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group (G), honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group (H) total ion current map , figureFileSmall=S5MafhOsob74sRMOOreJQA==, figureFileBig=XA+rz3Uj8jIc9Yr/nvNnGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960147650408514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=1gLy/fzp9MAe8HdCRwtVZw==, figureFileBig=wL4IGIhxmTnFT8nkoYAAXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960147780431948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Principal components analysis in positive (A) and negative (B) ion modes , figureFileSmall=1gLy/fzp9MAe8HdCRwtVZw==, figureFileBig=wL4IGIhxmTnFT8nkoYAAXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960147881095247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=1bXbJiyY7Tb9x+N8w0cuRA==, figureFileBig=dOodPrrdPO08ejZcvMkOEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960147990147161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= PLS-DA score plot and model verification plot in in positive (A, C) and negative (B, D) ion modes , figureFileSmall=1bXbJiyY7Tb9x+N8w0cuRA==, figureFileBig=dOodPrrdPO08ejZcvMkOEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960148086616159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Waa1vLMYpSA9W7/tTrrD4A==, figureFileBig=uiGwcz7ieZgN7ZOrlwD5mA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960148229222506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption= Metabolic pathway analysis of the differential metabolite. A: Model group <i>vs</i> normal group; B: Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group <i>vs</i> model group. 1: Phenylalanine metabolism; 2: Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; 3: Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis; 4: Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; 5: Pyrimidine metabolism; 6: Arginine biosynthesis; 7: Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; 8: Glycerophospholipid metabolism; 9: <i>D</i>-Glutamine and <i>D</i>-glutamate metabolism; 10: Glutathione metabolism; 11: Tryptophan metabolism , figureFileSmall=Waa1vLMYpSA9W7/tTrrD4A==, figureFileBig=uiGwcz7ieZgN7ZOrlwD5mA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960148376023157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=8He/2nWKQuBY53N3NtQWLA==, figureFileBig=5WeDBdP1DYALG/w5RQieJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960148468297847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption= Differential metabolites and metabolic pathway network. Differential metabolites in red and bule represent increase and decrease levels, MOD <i>vs</i> NOR; black arrows in ↑ and ↓ represent increase and decrease levels, GLY <i>vs</i> MOD and in ↑ and <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$ \overline{\downarrow } $</span> represent increase and decrease levels, HON <i>vs</i> MOD , figureFileSmall=8He/2nWKQuBY53N3NtQWLA==, figureFileBig=5WeDBdP1DYALG/w5RQieJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960148568961148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Cr/μmol·L-1 BUN/mmol·L-1 SOD/U·mol-1
NOR 31.88 ± 2.20 11.6 ± 2.12 130.5 ± 10.15
MOD 266.6 ± 37.03** 36.8 ± 6.80* 93.68 ± 3.87**
GLY 188.8 ± 27.40# 28.22 ± 3.79## 128.7 ± 8.12##
HON 183.6 ± 15.09# 29.34 ± 4.88## 129.5 ± 8.01##
), ArticleFig(id=1198960148682207365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

The results of biochemical indicators. n = 6, $\bar{x}$ ± s. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs NOR; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs MOD. NOR: Normal group; MOD: Model group; GLY: Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group; HON: Honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Cr/μmol·L-1 BUN/mmol·L-1 SOD/U·mol-1
NOR 31.88 ± 2.20 11.6 ± 2.12 130.5 ± 10.15
MOD 266.6 ± 37.03** 36.8 ± 6.80* 93.68 ± 3.87**
GLY 188.8 ± 27.40# 28.22 ± 3.79## 128.7 ± 8.12##
HON 183.6 ± 15.09# 29.34 ± 4.88## 129.5 ± 8.01##
), ArticleFig(id=1198960148799647881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Metabolite Formula m/z RT /min VIP ESI mode Variation trend
MOD vs NOR GLY vs MOD HON vs MOD
L-Tyrosine C9H11NO3 182.080 3 4.85 3.34 + ↓* / /
L-Phenylalanine C9H11NO2 164.071 5 4.32 11.98 - ↓* / /
Hippuric acid C9H9NO3 178.050 5 3.15 6.00 - ↑* / /
Phenylacetaldehyde C8H8O 103.053 4 4.26 3.58 + ↓* / /
Anthranilate C7H7NO2 136.039 6 1.75 1.09 - ↑** ↓# /
Phenylpyruvate C9H8O3 163.039 2 1.87 1.13 - ↓** ↑# /
3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid C7H7NO3 154.057 9 5.70 3.58 + ↑* ↓# /
3-Hydroxyphenylacetate C8H8O3 107.049 8 0.43 4.76 - ↑** / ↓#
Phenylacetylglutamine C13H16N2O4 328.120 2 3.17 1.97 + ↑** / ↓##
N-3-Oxododecanoyl-L-homoserinelactone C16H27NO4 298.200 1 1.32 1.67 + ↑** ↓## ↓##
Levallorphan C19H25NO 284.184 6 6.08 1.35 + ↑** ↓## ↓##
D-Xylose C5H10O5 151.060 9 1.79 4.06 + ↑** ↓## ↓#
N-Acetyl-L-methionine C7H13NO3S 190.053 4 3.29 1.36 - ↓* ↑## /
Homocysteine C4H9NO2S 136.047 1 5.70 3.57 + ↑* ↓# /
Vitamin E C29H50O2 430.376 6 0.53 1.19 + ↓* ↑# /
CDP-choline C14H26N4O11P2 489.112 9 7.27 1.22 + ↑* / /
sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine C8H21NO6P 258.109 8 6.38 20.15 + ↑** / /
Taurine C2H7NO3S 124.007 7 4.89 14.43 - ↓** / /
Nicotinamide C6H6N2O 123.054 4 6.14 2.92 + ↓* / /
Uracil C4H4N2O2 111.020 2 1.74 14.8 - ↑** ↓# /
Cytidylic acid C9H14N3O8P 322.043 3 7.26 1.68 - ↑** ↓# /
Phosphatidylcholine C10H18NO8P 734.568 6 2.37 2.93 + ↓* ↑## ↑#
N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-phosphate C8H16NO9P 300.038 0 2.87 6.10 - ↑** ↓## ↓##
Allantoin C4H6N4O3 157.036 1 3.06 4.30 - ↑* ↓## ↓#
Glutathione C10H17N3O6S 288.089 4 1.83 1.85 - ↑* ↓## ↓#
N,N-Dimethylglycine C4H9NO2 102.055 6 6.54 2.80 - ↓* / /
L-Glutamate C5H9NO4 146.045 9 6.54 7.83 - ↓* / /
L-Proline C5H9NO2 114.055 9 5.15 7.58 - ↓** / /
Choline phosphate C5H15NO4P 184.073 6 8.26 7.50 + ↑** / /
N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine C13H17NO4 180.065 7 5.01 4.38 - ↓** ↑# /
dUMP C9H13N2O8P 307.022 0 1.83 1.68 - ↑** ↓# ↓#
Creatinine C4H7N3O 114.065 7 2.82 16.65 + ↑** ↓## ↓#
L-Serine C3H7NO3 104.034 9 6.92 1.11 - ↓* / /
Urea CH4N2O 61.040 0 1.76 3.75 + ↑** ↓## /
Uridine C9H12N2O6 243.061 6 2.74 9.12 - ↑** / /
Cytosine C4H5N3O 112.050 0 3.59 4.83 + ↓** / /
Glycine C2H5NO2 76.038 5 3.00 3.70 + ↑** ↓# /
Phenylacetylglycine C10H11NO3 192.066 3 3.02 16.76 - ↑** ↓# ↓#
Kynurenic acid C10H7NO3 188.034 1 3.04 2.20 - ↑** ↓## ↓##
L-Threonine C4H9NO3 118.050 6 6.29 1.15 - ↓* / /
Sarcosine C3H7NO2 88.040 2 6.63 3.36 - ↓* / /
Formylanthranilate C8H7NO3 164.034 5 0.93 1.15 - ↑** / ↓#
Cytidine C9H13N3O5 242.077 1 3.94 2.62 - ↓* / /
L-Glutamine C5H10N2O3 145.061 2 6.24 3.25 - ↓** / /
Betaine C5H11NO2 118.086 3 4.55 20.50 + ↓** ↑# /
), ArticleFig(id=1198960148933865618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628677748617661, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=

Acute kidney injury (AKI) rat tissue biomarker. VIP: Variable importance in the projection; RT: Retention time; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs NOR; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs MOD. ↓: Down; ↑: Up; /: No change

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Metabolite Formula m/z RT /min VIP ESI mode Variation trend
MOD vs NOR GLY vs MOD HON vs MOD
L-Tyrosine C9H11NO3 182.080 3 4.85 3.34 + ↓* / /
L-Phenylalanine C9H11NO2 164.071 5 4.32 11.98 - ↓* / /
Hippuric acid C9H9NO3 178.050 5 3.15 6.00 - ↑* / /
Phenylacetaldehyde C8H8O 103.053 4 4.26 3.58 + ↓* / /
Anthranilate C7H7NO2 136.039 6 1.75 1.09 - ↑** ↓# /
Phenylpyruvate C9H8O3 163.039 2 1.87 1.13 - ↓** ↑# /
3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid C7H7NO3 154.057 9 5.70 3.58 + ↑* ↓# /
3-Hydroxyphenylacetate C8H8O3 107.049 8 0.43 4.76 - ↑** / ↓#
Phenylacetylglutamine C13H16N2O4 328.120 2 3.17 1.97 + ↑** / ↓##
N-3-Oxododecanoyl-L-homoserinelactone C16H27NO4 298.200 1 1.32 1.67 + ↑** ↓## ↓##
Levallorphan C19H25NO 284.184 6 6.08 1.35 + ↑** ↓## ↓##
D-Xylose C5H10O5 151.060 9 1.79 4.06 + ↑** ↓## ↓#
N-Acetyl-L-methionine C7H13NO3S 190.053 4 3.29 1.36 - ↓* ↑## /
Homocysteine C4H9NO2S 136.047 1 5.70 3.57 + ↑* ↓# /
Vitamin E C29H50O2 430.376 6 0.53 1.19 + ↓* ↑# /
CDP-choline C14H26N4O11P2 489.112 9 7.27 1.22 + ↑* / /
sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine C8H21NO6P 258.109 8 6.38 20.15 + ↑** / /
Taurine C2H7NO3S 124.007 7 4.89 14.43 - ↓** / /
Nicotinamide C6H6N2O 123.054 4 6.14 2.92 + ↓* / /
Uracil C4H4N2O2 111.020 2 1.74 14.8 - ↑** ↓# /
Cytidylic acid C9H14N3O8P 322.043 3 7.26 1.68 - ↑** ↓# /
Phosphatidylcholine C10H18NO8P 734.568 6 2.37 2.93 + ↓* ↑## ↑#
N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-phosphate C8H16NO9P 300.038 0 2.87 6.10 - ↑** ↓## ↓##
Allantoin C4H6N4O3 157.036 1 3.06 4.30 - ↑* ↓## ↓#
Glutathione C10H17N3O6S 288.089 4 1.83 1.85 - ↑* ↓## ↓#
N,N-Dimethylglycine C4H9NO2 102.055 6 6.54 2.80 - ↓* / /
L-Glutamate C5H9NO4 146.045 9 6.54 7.83 - ↓* / /
L-Proline C5H9NO2 114.055 9 5.15 7.58 - ↓** / /
Choline phosphate C5H15NO4P 184.073 6 8.26 7.50 + ↑** / /
N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine C13H17NO4 180.065 7 5.01 4.38 - ↓** ↑# /
dUMP C9H13N2O8P 307.022 0 1.83 1.68 - ↑** ↓# ↓#
Creatinine C4H7N3O 114.065 7 2.82 16.65 + ↑** ↓## ↓#
L-Serine C3H7NO3 104.034 9 6.92 1.11 - ↓* / /
Urea CH4N2O 61.040 0 1.76 3.75 + ↑** ↓## /
Uridine C9H12N2O6 243.061 6 2.74 9.12 - ↑** / /
Cytosine C4H5N3O 112.050 0 3.59 4.83 + ↓** / /
Glycine C2H5NO2 76.038 5 3.00 3.70 + ↑** ↓# /
Phenylacetylglycine C10H11NO3 192.066 3 3.02 16.76 - ↑** ↓# ↓#
Kynurenic acid C10H7NO3 188.034 1 3.04 2.20 - ↑** ↓## ↓##
L-Threonine C4H9NO3 118.050 6 6.29 1.15 - ↓* / /
Sarcosine C3H7NO2 88.040 2 6.63 3.36 - ↓* / /
Formylanthranilate C8H7NO3 164.034 5 0.93 1.15 - ↑** / ↓#
Cytidine C9H13N3O5 242.077 1 3.94 2.62 - ↓* / /
L-Glutamine C5H10N2O3 145.061 2 6.24 3.25 - ↓** / /
Betaine C5H11NO2 118.086 3 4.55 20.50 + ↓** ↑# /
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1189982048455397383, delFlag=0, nameCn=药学学报, nameEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0513-4870, eissn=null, cn=11-2163/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1761643429151, updatedTime=1761735768113, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, picEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369346338783397, language=CN, name=药学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768160, updatedTime=1761735768160, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369346376532134, language=EN, name=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768169, updatedTime=1761735768169, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189982191388893191, websiteList=[Website(id=1189982271588340489, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761643482348, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643498101, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=药学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982873114448678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643625763, updateTime=1761643625763, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873093477155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643625758, updateTime=1761643625758, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873135420201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625768, updateTime=1761643625768, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873085088546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643625756, updateTime=1761643625756, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873152197419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625772, updateTime=1761643625772, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873110254373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761643625762, updateTime=1761643625762, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873143808810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625770, updateTime=1761643625770, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873101865764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761643625760, updateTime=1761643625760, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873122837287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643625765, updateTime=1761643625765, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873127031592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643625766, updateTime=1761643625766, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189982271655449355, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761643482364, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643514085, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982903015633534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643632892, updateTime=1761643632892, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902990467707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643632886, updateTime=1761643632886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903036605057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632897, updateTime=1761643632897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902982079098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643632884, updateTime=1761643632884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903053382275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632901, updateTime=1761643632901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903007244925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761643632890, updateTime=1761643632890, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903044993666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632899, updateTime=1761643632899, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902998856316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761643632888, updateTime=1761643632888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903019827839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643632893, updateTime=1761643632893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903028216448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643632895, updateTime=1761643632895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=药学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPhotoEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于代谢组学的甘草及其蜜炙品改善顺铂致大鼠急性肾损伤的作用机制研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
孙娜 1, 2 , 化敏 2 , 杨青 2, 3 , 王变利 2, 3 , 梁瑞雪 2, 3 , 张新军 2, 3 , 杨晓庆 4 , 周建永 2 , 周倩 2, 3, 5, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023,58(7): 1761-1769
收起
收藏切换
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023, 58(7): 1761-1769
基于代谢组学的甘草及其蜜炙品改善顺铂致大鼠急性肾损伤的作用机制研究
全屏
孙娜1, 2, 化敏2, 杨青2, 3, 王变利2, 3, 梁瑞雪2, 3, 张新军2, 3, 杨晓庆4, 周建永2, 周倩2, 3, 5, *
作者信息
  • 1.山东中医药大学药学院, 山东 济南 250355
  • 2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014
  • 3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014
  • 4.山东第一医科大学第一附属医院病理科, 山东 济南 250014
  • 5.国家中医药管理局中药蜜制和制炭炮制技术与原理重点研究室, 山东 济南 250014

通讯作者:

*周倩, Tel: 13589044563, E-mail:
The mechanisms of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its honey-processed products on improving cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats based on metabolomics
Na SUN1, 2, Min HUA2, Qing YANG2, 3, Bian-li WANG2, 3, Rui-xue LIANG2, 3, Xin-jun ZHANG2, 3, Xiao-qing YANG4, Jian-yong ZHOU2, Qian ZHOU2, 3, 5, *
Affiliations
  • 1. College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
  • 2. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
  • 3. Modern Research and Development of Aromatherapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Engineering Research Center, Jinan 250014, China
  • 4. Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, China
  • 5. The key Unit for Research of technique and principle of Honey-processing and Carbonizing of SATCM, Jinan 250014, China
出版时间: 2023-07-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060
文章导航
收藏切换

本研究采用代谢组学技术探究生、炙甘草对急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury, AKI) 大鼠改善作用。所有动物实验均经过山东省中医药研究院动物伦理委员会批准(批准号: SDZYY20200101001)。随机将SD大鼠分为对照组、模型组、生甘草组(0.9 g·kg-1)、炙甘草组(0.9 g·kg-1), 每组6只。采用单次腹腔注射顺铂(cisplatin, CP) 构建急性肾损伤模型, 给予生、炙甘草治疗, 苏木精-伊红染色(hematoxylin and eosin, HE)、PAS染色评估肾组织病理变化, 检测血清中肌酐(creatinine, Cr)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen, BUN) 和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidedismutase, SOD) 含量。UPLC-Q-TOF/MS进行组织代谢组学研究, 筛选生、炙甘草干预的生物标志物, 并进行代谢通路进行分析。结果表明, 与模型组相比, 生、炙甘草可改善肾组织病理变化, 降低血清中Cr、BUN含量, 升高SOD活性, 此外炙甘草还可以显著降低肾脏指数。组织代谢组学分析筛选得到45种与AKI相关的生物标志物, 生、炙甘草可以同时回调其中的11种差异代谢物, 参与调控甘油磷脂代谢, 色氨酸代谢, 苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成和谷胱甘肽代谢, 此外生甘草还参与调控甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢与嘧啶代谢。综上, 生甘草和炙甘草可参与调控不同的代谢通路, 通过调节氨基酸、脂质代谢、能量代谢及氧化应激发挥对AKI大鼠的改善作用。

生甘草  /  炙甘草  /  急性肾损伤  /  代谢组学  /  作用机制

This study used metabolomics to explore the improvement effect of raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine (approval No.: SDZYY20200101001). SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group (0.9 g·kg-1) and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group (0.9 g·kg-1), 6 rats in each group. The rats model of acute kidney injury was established by single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (CP) and treated with raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The pathological changes of renal tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and PAS staining, the contents creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were detected. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to study tissue metabolomics to screen the biomarkers affected by raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and analyz the metabolic pathways. The results showed that compared with the model group, raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma can significantly improve the pathological changes of renal tissue and decrease the content of Cr, BUN and increase the activity of SOD. In addition, honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma can also significantly reduce the kidney index. In tissue samples, 45 biomarkers were measured in AKI rats. Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma could simultaneously call back 11 differential metabolites, which were involved in the regulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. In addition, raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is also involved in the regulation of glycine, serine and threonine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism. In summary, raw and honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma can participate in the regulation of different metabolic pathways, and play an improvement role in AKI rats by regulating amino acid, lipid metabolism, energy metabolism and oxidative stress.

raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma  /  honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma  /  acute kidney injury  /  metabonomics  /  mechanism
孙娜, 化敏, 杨青, 王变利, 梁瑞雪, 张新军, 杨晓庆, 周建永, 周倩. 基于代谢组学的甘草及其蜜炙品改善顺铂致大鼠急性肾损伤的作用机制研究. 药学学报, 2023 , 58 (7) : 1761 -1769 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060
Na SUN, Min HUA, Qing YANG, Bian-li WANG, Rui-xue LIANG, Xin-jun ZHANG, Xiao-qing YANG, Jian-yong ZHOU, Qian ZHOU. The mechanisms of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its honey-processed products on improving cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats based on metabolomics[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2023 , 58 (7) : 1761 -1769 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060
急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury, AKI) 是一种发病率高、死亡率高、临床不良发生率高的常见危重急重症, 是导致全世界慢性肾脏病和终末期肾脏病发病率上升的重要原因[1]。由于缺乏有效治疗手段, 目前已成为一个全球性公共健康问题。甘草是临床常用中药, 为豆科植物甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.、胀果甘草Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat.或光果甘草Glycyrrhiza glabra L.的干燥根和根茎[2]。现代研究表明甘草提取物或其单体成分甘草酸、异甘草素等成分对脓毒性[3]、药物性[4]、缺血再灌注性[5]等多种原因引起的AKI具有明确治疗作用, 因此对于治疗AKI具有潜在的应用价值。甘草在临床以生甘草和炙甘草两个炮制规格入药, 生甘草长于清热解毒, 炙甘草偏向补脾益气、缓急止痛[6]。本草记载的方剂中生甘草和炙甘草均可与其他药物配伍发挥补益肾脏作用, 如《本草纲目》中, “凤髓丹用甘草, 缓肾急而生元气也[7]”, 《袖珍卷》中芎黄散用炙甘草治疗“肾气不足、髓脉不充”, 《景岳全书》中贞元饮用炙甘草治疗“肝肾亏损, 气短似喘, 呼吸急促[8]”等, 但目前尚未见对炙甘草的相关研究。中药治疗AKI以扶正补虚为主, 甘草作为常用的补虚药, 炙后作用有明显的增强[9], 提示甘草炙后可能对于治疗AKI有更好的效果, 北宋杨士赢的《仁斋直指方论》卷十七[10]中记载的黄芪汤对糖尿病肾病具有良好的治疗作用, 其中炙甘草作为使药, 发挥滋阴养血, 补气温阳的作用。课题组在炙甘草干预脾虚大鼠模型研究中发现, 炙甘草可以调节脾虚大鼠中5-氨基咪唑核糖核苷酸的含量, 改善泌尿系统异常状况, 恢复嘌呤代谢平衡, 在一定程度上也可提示炙甘草对肾具有一定的补益作用。因此针对甘草不同炮制规格开展对于AKI的干预作用和作用机制研究, 可以更好地促进甘草饮片在AKI疾病中的应用。
本研究选择顺铂诱导的AKI大鼠模型, 系统开展了生、炙甘草干预治疗顺铂诱导的AKI大鼠的药效学评价及肾组织中内源性差异代谢物的研究, 旨在探讨生、炙甘草对AKI的治疗作用及可能的作用机制, 以期为临床应用甘草治疗AKI提供更可靠的实验依据, 为丰富传统蜜炙理论提供数据支持。
实验动物  SPF级雄性SD (Sprague-Dawley) 大鼠24只, 体重180±20 g, 购自济南朋悦实验动物繁育有限公司, 许可证号: SCXK (鲁) 20190003。动物饲养于山东省中医药研究院药理实验中心动物实验室, 温度22 ± 2 ℃, 湿度45%~60%, 12 h光照和12 h黑暗周期, 实验方案经山东省中医药研究院动物伦理委员会批准(批准号: SDZYY20200101001)。
药物与试剂  甘草(批号: 20200901)药材购于山东建联盛嘉中药有限公司, 经山东省中医药研究院孙立立研究员鉴定为豆科植物甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.的根及根茎。甲醇(HPLC-MS级, 货号: A456-4, 美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); 乙腈、乙酸铵、氨水(HPLC-MS级, 货号分别为I592230123、70221、A470-500, 德国默克公司); 顺铂(货号: HY-17394, 纯度: ≥98%, 美国MedChemExpress公司); 肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD) 试剂盒(批号分别为20210918、20210922、20210819) 均购自南京建成生物工程研究所。
仪器  5430R型低温高速离心机(德国Eppendorf公司)、BX-53光学显微镜(日本OLYMPUS)、AB Triple TOF 6600型质谱仪(美国AB SCIEX公司)、Agilent 1290 infinity高效液相色谱仪(美国Agilent公司)、BIO-RAD酶标仪(伯乐X-mark)。
生、炙甘草提取液的制备  取上述甘草饮片适量, 按照《中国药典》2020版中的蜜炙法炒至黄色或深黄色, 不粘手时取出, 晾凉, 得炙甘草药材。分别称取生、炙甘草药材适量, 加入10倍量水浸泡30 min, 10倍量水回流提取1 h, 过滤, 残渣加入8倍量水回流提取1 h, 过滤, 合并两次滤液, 55 ℃减压浓缩, 得到含生药量0.09 g·mL-1的生、炙甘草提取液。
动物分组与模型建立  甘草饮片成人每天最大用药量为10 g, 按照《药理实验方法学》[11]中人与大鼠等效计量换算比值为0.018, 得出大鼠的给药剂量0.9 g·kg-1, 根据课题组前期研究结果选取甘草成人每天最大用药量设置甘草给药剂量。SD大鼠适应性饲养一周后按照体重随机分为对照组(normal group, NOR)、模型组(model group, MOD)、生甘草组(raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group, GLY)、炙甘草组(honey-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group, HON), 每组6只。生、炙甘草组连续灌胃10天, 给药剂量为0.9 g·kg-1, 给药体积为10 mL·kg-1, 对照组与模型组给予等体积的生理盐水, 实验第7天, 模型组和生、炙甘草组大鼠单次ip顺铂, 剂量为8 mg·kg-1[12], 对照组ip注射等体积的生理盐水。观察大鼠状态, 记录大鼠体重。
样本采集  末次给药1 h后[13], 腹腔注射麻醉, 腹主动脉取血, 静置0.5 h后, 4 ℃, 3 000 r·min-1离心15 min, 取上清液, 血清冻存于-80 ℃冰箱备用, 肾脏生理盐水冲洗, 滤纸吸干后称重, 计算肾指数, 肾指数(%) =肾脏质量/体质量×100%。右肾置于福尔马林中固定做HE和PAS染色, 左肾切碎置于冻存管中-80 ℃冰箱备用。
肾脏病理学检测  右肾福尔马林中固定后, 石蜡包埋、切片、HE染色及PAS染色, 采用双盲法由病理科医生在光学显微镜下对每张切片的肾小管损伤进行评分。在200倍光镜下, 随机选取肾脏皮质十个不重叠视野, 观察近端肾小管刷状缘脱落、上皮脱落、上皮水肿、炎细胞浸润、蛋白质管型及细胞管型情况, 根据损伤面积对每种损伤情况进行评分: 正常未受损记0分, 损伤面积0%~25%为1分, 25%~45%为2分, 46%~75%为3分, > 75%为4分, 对每张切片的累积得分进行统计分析。
生化指标检测  取血清4 ℃解冻, 根据试剂盒要求说明测定血清中Cr、BUN含量及SOD活性。
肾脏样本处理  进样前, 组织4 ℃解冻, 取适量样本加入预冷甲醇-乙腈-水(2∶2∶1) 溶液, 匀浆, 低温超声30 min, -20 ℃静置10 min, 12 000 r·min-1离心20 min, 取上清真空干燥, 干燥后加入乙腈-水(1∶1) 溶液复溶, 涡旋混匀, 4 ℃, 12 000 r·min-1离心15 min, 取上清液进样分析, 所有组别组织样本上清液各取10 μL制成QC样本, 每组样本之间插入一个QC样本, 以检测仪器的稳定性与重复性。
UPLC-Q-TOF-MS检测条件  Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH Amide C18色谱柱(2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm), 流动相为乙酸铵-氨水溶液(A)-乙腈溶液(B), 梯度洗脱: 0~0.5 min, 95% B; 0.5~7 min, 95%~65% B; 7~8 min, 65%~40% B; 8~9 min, 40% B; 9~9.1 min, 40%~95% B; 9.1~12 min, 95% B; 流速0.5 mL·min-1; 柱温25 ℃, 进样体积2 μL。
离子化模式为电喷雾正、负离子模式, 喷雾电压(ion spray voltage floating, ISVF) 为5.5 kV/-5.5 kV, 离子源温度为600 ℃, 喷雾辅助气体为氮气(N2)。一级质谱扫描范围60~1 000 Da, 二级质谱扫描范围25~1 000 Da, 二级质谱采用数据依赖性采集模式(IDA), 并采用峰强度值筛选模式, 去簇电压(DP) 分别为60 V/-60 V, 碰撞能量(CE) 分别为20 eV/50 eV。
数据处理  将质谱原始数据经ProteoWizard转换为.mzXML格式, 采用R软件3.2.2中的XCMS程序包进行峰对齐、保留时间校正和峰面积提取, 将肾脏样本数据集经过归一化处理后导入SIMCA-P14.1软件进行多元统计分析包括主成分分析(principal components analysis, PCA) 和最小二乘法判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis, PLS-DA), 以投影变量的重要性(variable importance in the projection, VIP) > 1, 且结合t检验P < 0.05筛选差异代谢物。利用人类代谢组数据库(HMDB) (http://www.hmdb.ca/) 进行质谱信息匹配, 同时结合相关文献对差异代谢物进行鉴定, 将得到的差异代谢物导入MetaboAnalyst5.0数据库中的pathway analysis模块分析代谢通路。采用SPSS21.0软件对数据进行统计学分析, 用$ \stackrel{-}{x} $±s表示, 两组间比较采用独立样本t检验, 多组间比较采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)。P < 0.05认为有统计学意义。
造模前各组大鼠毛发光亮, 饮食进水、大便、精神状态正常, 体重稳步增加; 造模后, 模型组大鼠毛色黯淡无光, 饮食进水量减少, 体重急剧降低, 大部分出现便溏现象, 精神萎靡, 活动量减少; 与模型组相比, 各给药组大鼠饮食进水量相对正常, 只有少数大鼠出现便溏现象, 体重有所增加, 结果见图 1。与对照组相比, 模型组大鼠肾脏指数显著升高(P < 0.01); 与模型组相比, 炙甘草组肾脏指数显著降低(P < 0.05), 生甘草组肾脏指数呈降低趋势, 结果见图 2
基于HE和PAS染色结果可知, 对照组大鼠肾脏组织细胞结构正常, 肾小管形态饱满, 结构清晰, 排列规则; 与对照组相比, 模型组近端肾小管上皮细胞脱落, 肾小管扩张水肿, 刷状缘脱落, 基底膜裸露, 裸膜形成, 管腔不规则, 形成细胞管型和蛋白质管型, 炎症细胞浸润; 给药后, 近端肾小管损伤面积变小, 肾小管扩张现象减少, 肾小管细胞排列趋于整齐, 炎症减轻, 肾小管组织学特征明显改善, 结果见图 3。并基于PAS染色切片结果对肾小管损伤进行评分, 与对照组相比, 模型组评分显著升高; 与模型组相比, 生、炙甘草组评分显著降低(P < 0.05, P < 0.01)。
结果如表 1所示, 与对照组比较, 模型组大鼠血清中Cr、BUN水平显著升高(P < 0.01); 与模型组比较, 生、炙甘草组大鼠血清中Cr、BUN水平显著降低(P < 0.01、P < 0.05)。与对照组相比, 模型组大鼠血清中SOD活性显著降低(P < 0.01); 与模型组相比, 生、炙甘草组大鼠血清中SOD活性显著升高(P < 0.01)。
比较对照组、模型组、生甘草组及炙甘草组肾组织样本正、负离子模式下总离子图, 如图 4所示, 各组代谢轮廓大体相似, 但响应值存在差异。
对各组进行PCA分析, 如图 5所示, QC样本聚集良好, 说明所建立的方法具有良好的稳定性和重复性, 各组之间有明显的分离趋势。为了进一步突出组间差异, 寻找差异代谢物, 对对照组和模型组进行PLS-DA分析, 分析结果见图 6, 正、负离子模式下, 对照组与模型组分布于不同象限区域内, 且组内样品点聚集良好, 表明建立急性肾损伤模型后, 大鼠体内小分子代谢物发生显著性变化, 模型复制成功, 这一结果与病理组织变化及生化指标检测结果一致。对PLS-DA得分图模型进行200次随机置换检验, 任何一次随机排列产生的R2Q2均小于模型的R2Q2, 表明建立的PLS-DA模型可靠, 未发生过拟合。
在PLS-DA模型的基础上, 以VIP > 1且P < 0.05筛选AKI大鼠潜在生物标志物, 根据潜在生物标志物色谱峰的保留时间、一级、二级质谱等信息并结合HMDB、KEGG (https://www.kegg.jp/)在线数据库进行鉴定, 共筛选鉴定得到45个差异代谢物, 见表 2, 给予生甘草后干预后, 23个差异代谢物出现回调, 包括甜菜碱、苯乙酰甘氨酸、肌酐、尿嘧啶、N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖-6-磷酸、N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸、尿囊素、D-木糖、尿素、甘氨酸、3-羟基邻氨基苯甲酸、同型半胱氨酸、磷脂酰胆碱、犬尿喹啉酸、谷胱甘肽、胞苷酸、dUMP、N-3-氧代十二烷酰-L-同型丝氨酸内酯、N-乙酰-L-蛋氨酸、丙烯左吗喃、维生素E、苯丙酮酸、邻氨基苯甲酸。炙甘草干预后, 14个差异代谢物出现回调, 包括苯乙酰甘氨酸、肌酐、N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖-6-磷酸、3-羟基苯乙酸酯、尿囊素、D-木糖、磷脂酰胆碱、犬尿喹啉酸、苯乙酰谷氨酰胺、谷胱甘肽、dUMP、N-3-氧代十二烷酰-L-同型丝氨酸内酯、丙烯左吗喃、甲酰邻氨基苯甲酸酯, 其中苯乙酰甘氨酸、肌酐、N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖-6-磷酸、尿囊素、D-木糖、磷脂酰胆碱、犬尿喹啉酸、谷胱甘肽、dUMP、N-3-氧代十二烷酰-L-同型丝氨酸内酯、丙烯左吗喃为生、炙甘草可以同时调控的差异代谢物。
将对照组与模型组筛选得到的差异代谢物进行代谢通路富集分析, 得到11条代谢通路, 如图 7A所示。生、炙甘草干预后参与调节其中的6条通路, 包括甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢, 嘧啶代谢, 苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成, 甘油磷脂代谢, 色氨酸代谢和谷胱甘肽代谢, 如图 7B所示。显著差异代谢物代谢网络如图 8所示。
本文通过研究分析了生、炙甘草对顺铂致AKI的保护作用, 研究结果表明生、炙甘草均可降低顺铂诱导AKI模型大鼠的Cr、BUN水平, 并使SOD活性显著升高, 同时肾小管损伤较模型组有显著改善。炙甘草与模型组相比, 还可显著减低肾脏指数, 同时在改善肾脏组织病理变化方面优于生甘草。表明生、炙甘草对顺铂诱导的AKI均有一定的保护作用, 且炙甘草作用更强。研究进一步运用代谢组学技术对可能的作用机制进行了探讨, 共筛选AKI相关生物标志物45种, 生、炙甘草干预后, 可使26种代谢物发生回调, 代谢通路包括甘油磷脂代谢, 色氨酸代谢, 甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢, 谷胱甘肽代谢, 苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成及嘧啶代谢, 涉及氨基酸合成与代谢、脂质代谢、能量代谢及氧化应激。
磷脂酰胆碱是甘油磷脂中的一种, 其可通过提高抗氧化酶的活性减轻顺铂引起的氧化应激, 从而改善肾功能和肾损伤[14]。本研究中模型组大鼠肾组织中磷脂酰胆碱较对照组显著降低, 在给药干预后有显著回调, 提示生、炙甘草可能通过参与调节甘油磷脂代谢来提高抗氧化酶活性改善肾功能和肾损伤。色氨酸代谢也与AKI密切相关[15], 色氨酸代谢主要途径为犬尿氨酸途径(KP)[16], 随后犬尿氨酸通过三种途径被进一步代谢[17], 最终生成烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD+)、邻氨基苯甲酸(AA) 和犬尿喹啉酸(KYNA)。本文研究发现, AKI模型大鼠肾组织中AA、KYNA以及3-羟基邻氨基苯甲酸含量较对照组显著升高, 给药后又有明显降低。炎症过程中, 肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α) 和干扰素-γ (IFN-γ) 等促炎细胞因子可诱导IDO表达[18], 使KP代谢物增加, 药物干预后, 炎性细胞因子减少, 代谢物显著回调[19]。因此提示生、炙甘草可能通过抑制促炎细胞因子的释放, 减轻炎症反应, 从而使KP趋于稳态, 色氨酸代谢回调正常状态。甘氨酸主要在肝脏和肾脏中由胆碱、丝氨酸、羟脯氨酸和苏氨酸代谢合成[20], 其对多种原因引起的肾脏损伤具有保护作用[21], 但是过多的甘氨酸激活NMDA受体可引发氧化应激反而加剧肾脏损伤[22]。本文研究发现, 生甘草干预AKI模型大鼠后, 能显著回调升高的甘氨酸含量, 改善甘氨酸紊乱的情况, 提示生甘草可能通过参与调节甘氨酸代谢来缓解NMDA受体激活引起的氧化应激, 从而改善肾损伤。同时研究发现, AKI模型大鼠体内嘧啶代谢也受到干扰, 经过生甘草干预后, 与嘧啶代谢相关的差异代谢物尿嘧啶、胞苷酸水平显著回调, 嘧啶代谢与核酸合成和能量转移密切相关[23], 提示生甘草可能通过干预嘧啶代谢来恢复核苷酸合成和能量传递改善肾损伤。
本文通过研究明确了生甘草和炙甘草对顺铂致AKI保护作用, 可为临床应用提供参考, 同时生、炙甘草在治疗顺铂致AKI过程中对不同的代谢通路的调控作用又提示后期可针对不同类型肾损伤疾病进一步开展更系统的比较研究, 以便为临床合理选用炮制品提供科学依据, 为深入探究甘草干预急性肾损伤机制奠定基础。
作者贡献: 孙娜、化敏负责实验设计和实验执行, 完成数据分析、图表制作和论文初稿的撰写; 杨青、王变利、梁瑞雪、张新军、杨晓庆、周建永参与实验设计和结果分析; 周倩负责实验设计思路指导与修改论文工作。
利益冲突: 所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。
  • 山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KH021)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81603299)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Lewington AJ, Cerdá J, Mehta RL. Raising awareness of acute kidney injury: a global perspective of a silent killer[J]. Kidney Int, 2013, 84: 457-467.
[2]
State Pharmacopoeia Committee. Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国药典) [S]. Part Ι. Beijing: China Medical Science Press, 2020: 88.
[3]
Zhao H, Zhao M, Wang Y, et al. Glycyrrhizic acid attenuates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2016, 2016: 8219287.
[4]
Rui ZT, Ke HX, Yuan L, et al. Renoprotective effect of isoliquiritigenin on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through inhibition of FPR2 in macrophage[J]. J Pharmacol Sci, 2022, 148: 56-64.
[5]
Yokozawa T, Liu ZW, Chen CP. Protective effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract and its compounds in a renal hypoxia (ischemia)-reoxygenation (reperfusion) model[J]. Phytomedicine, 2000, 6: 439-445.
[6]
Deng J, Shi J, Shen L, et al. Study on grade evaluation of stir-fried liquorice decoction pieces based on quality constant of Chinese medicine[J]. China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2019, 44: 1739-1743.
[7]
Li SZ Compendium of Materia Medica (本草纲目)[M]. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2005: 2.
[8]
Zhang JY Materia Medica: Vol 67 (本草正: 第67卷)[M]. Beijing: Huaxia Publishing House, 1999: 436.
[9]
Sun FJ, Zhou Q, Wang CF, et al. Pharmacodynamic comparison of Glycyrrhiza uralensis before and after processing[J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form (中国实验方剂学杂志), 2010, 16: 115-118.
[10]
Yang SY Ren-Zhai's Direct Guidance on Formulas (仁斋直指方论)[M]. Fuzhou: Fujian Science and Technology Press, 1989: 437.
[11]
Wei W, Wu XM, Li YJ Methodology of Pharmacological Experiment (药理实验方法学)[M]. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2017
[12]
Kaushik S, Tomar A, Puthanmadhom Narayanan S, et al. Pitavastatin attenuates cisplatin-induced renal injury by targeting MAPK and apoptotic pathways[J]. J Pharm Pharmacol, 2019, 71: 1072-1081.
[13]
Tang C, Gan ZQ, Luo SY, et al. Mechanism of Tibetan medicine Pterocephalus hookeri extract in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on serum metabonomics[J]. China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2022, 47: 1001-1008.
[14]
Lee HS, Kim BK, Nam Y, et al. Protective role of phosphatidylcholine against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity and oxidative stress in rats[J]. Food Chem Toxicol, 2013, 58: 388-393.
[15]
Tan B, Chen J, Qin S, et al. Tryptophan pathway-targeted metabolomics study on the mechanism and intervention of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats[J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 2021, 34: 1759-1768.
[16]
Platten M, Nollen EAA, Röhrig UF, et al. Tryptophan metabolism as a common therapeutic target in cancer, neurodegeneration and beyond[J]. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2019, 18: 379-401.
[17]
Wee HN, Liu JJ, Ching J, et al. The kynurenine pathway in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease[J]. Am J Nephrol, 2021, 52: 771-787.
[18]
O'Connor JC, André C, Wang Y, et al. Interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediate the upregulation of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and the induction of depressive-like behavior in mice in response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin[J]. J Neurosci, 2009, 29: 4200-4209.
[19]
Song Y, Hu T, Gao H, et al. Altered metabolic profiles and biomarkers associated with astragaloside Ⅳ-mediated protection against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats: an HPLC-TOF/MS-based untargeted metabolomics study[J]. Biochem Pharmacol, 2021, 183: 114299
[20]
Razak MA, Begum PS, Viswanath B, et al. Multifarious beneficial effect of nonessential amino acid, glycine: a review[J]. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2017, 2017: 1716701.
[21]
Rais L, El Ati Z, Ben Fatma L, et al. Acute tubular necrosis following transurethral resection of the prostate using glycine as irrigating fluid[J]. Tunis Med, 2017, 95: 139-141.
[22]
Arora S, Kaur T, Kaur A, et al. Glycine aggravates ischemia reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation in rats[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2014, 393: 123-131.
[23]
Micheli V, Camici M, Tozzi MG, et al. Neurological disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism[J]. Curr Top Med Chem, 2011, 11: 923-947.
2023年第58卷第7期
PDF下载
114
51
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060
  • 接收时间:2022-09-15
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-07-12
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-15
  • 修回日期:2022-12-15
基金
山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KH021)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81603299)
作者信息
    1.山东中医药大学药学院, 山东 济南 250355
    2.山东省中医药研究院, 山东 济南 250014
    3.传统中医芳疗的现代化研究与开发山东省工程研究中心, 山东 济南 250014
    4.山东第一医科大学第一附属医院病理科, 山东 济南 250014
    5.国家中医药管理局中药蜜制和制炭炮制技术与原理重点研究室, 山东 济南 250014

通讯作者:

*周倩, Tel: 13589044563, E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1060
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏