Article(id=1198628600904777789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198628599835227075, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0759, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1655740800000, receivedDateStr=2022-06-21, revisedDate=1665504000000, revisedDateStr=2022-10-12, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763704927897, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1686499200000, pubDateStr=2023-06-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763704927897, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763704927897, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763704927897, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198628599835227075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='6', pageStart='0', pageEnd='1724', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1686499200000', pubDateStr='2023-06-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763704927643, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1766137690373, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208832346359468483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198628599835227075, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208832346359468484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198628599835227075, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1430, endPage=1440, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198628604792897700, articleId=1198628600904777789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Mechanism of
Alisma plantago-
aquatica Linn. improving chronic glomerulonephritis based on network pharmacology and experimental verification, columnId=1198628600783142971, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Special Reports: Research on Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Integrative Pharmacology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
This study aims to explore the improvement and the mechanism of the Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn. (ApL) on chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). All animal experiments were followed the regulation of the Experimental Animal Ethical Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. CGN mouse model was established by a single tail-vein injection of doxorubicin (Dox) (20 mg·kg-1). One week after Dox administration, the mice received water extract of ApL (85 and 255 mg·kg-1) by gavage once a day for 14 days. At the end of experiment, the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), serum albumin (ALB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) were detected, kidney histopathological H&E staining was analyzed. Active ingredients and action targets of ApL were collected from TCMSP database, and CGN-related targets were obtained from Genecards database. STRING platform was employed to perform protein-protein interaction (PPI), and Metascape platform was used for KEGG pathway and GO enrichment analysis. The results of experiments demonstrated that ApL (85 and 255 mg·kg-1) could reduce the ACR and the content of SCr and BUN, and increase the content of ALB in mice. Network pharmacology results predicted that nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)-related pathway and biological process of oxidoreductase activity regulation may be involved in the ApL-provided amelioration on CGN. The verification results showed that ApL could inhibit the activation of NF-κB and the expression of inflammatory factors in mice, and reduce the activity of renal myeloperoxidase (MPO). Meanwhile, ApL promoted the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increased the expression of its downstream gene mRNA, and reduced the level of renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and further elevated renal glutathione (GSH) level. Based on network pharmacology combined experiments, this study found that ApL may improve CGN in mice through multiple targets and multiple pathways, in which the inhibition of NF-κB signaling and the activation of Nrf2 signaling may be important mechanisms involved.
, authors=null, authorsList=Zhi-miao QIU, Bin LU, Meng-juan WEI, Li-li JI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Meng-juan WEI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198628608387416461, articleId=1198628600904777789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=基于网络药理学和实验验证探讨泽泻改善慢性肾小球肾炎的作用机制, columnId=1198628601970131008, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=专题报道: 基于整合药理学的中医药现代化研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
本文旨在探讨泽泻(Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn., ApL) 对慢性肾小球肾炎(chronic glomerulonephritis, CGN) 小鼠的改善作用及其机制。动物实验过程均遵循上海中医药大学动物实验伦理委员会的规定。运用一次性尾静脉注射多柔比星(doxorubicin, Dox, 20 mg·kg-1) 方法建立CGN小鼠模型, 造模1周后每天灌胃给药ApL水提物(85和255 mg·kg-1), 两周后结束实验。检测小鼠尿白蛋白与肌酐的比值(urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, ACR)、血清白蛋白(serum albumin, ALB)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen, BUN) 和血清肌酐(serum creatinine, SCr) 含量, 利用HE (hematoxylin-eosin staining, H&E) 染色观察肾组织中病理损伤情况。根据TCMSP数据库获取ApL的化学成分及作用靶点, 并通过Genecards数据库获取CGN相关靶点。运用String及Metascape数据库进行蛋白互作、GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析。研究结果发现, ApL (85和255 mg·kg-1) 可以明显降低CGN小鼠ACR以及SCr和BUN含量, 并使ALB含量上升。网络药理学结果发现, 核因子-κB (nuclear factor kappa-B, NF-κB) 相关通路以及氧化还原酶活性调节的生物过程可能是ApL改善CGN的关键因素。验证实验发现, ApL (85和255 mg·kg-1) 可以抑制CGN小鼠NF-κB的激活和其下游炎症因子的表达, 降低肾脏髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase, MPO) 活力; 并促进核因子E2相关因子2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, Nrf2) 的激活, 增加其下游基因表达, 降低肾脏丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA) 及活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS) 水平, 提升谷胱甘肽(glutathione, GSH) 水平。本研究基于网络药理学结合实验验证发现ApL可能通过多靶点、多通路发挥改善小鼠CGN的作用, 其中对NF-κB信号的抑制和Nrf2信号的激活可能是重要的作用机制。
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κB), Keyword(id=1198960132362171031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=核因子E2相关因子2)], refs=[Reference(id=1198960136137043988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00272-5, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=387, issue=null, pageStart=2036, pageEnd=2048, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=Lancet, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Floege J, Amann K. Primary glomerulonephritides[J].
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45: 1545-1557., articleTitle=Regional differences analysis of Alismatis Rhizoma based on UPLC characteristic chromatogram and determination of eight terpenoids, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1198960135864415221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, awardId=2018YFC1707302, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划“中医药现代化研究”重点专项(2018YFC1707302), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960129006727494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960129031893322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, companyId=1198960129006727494, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960129048670539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, companyId=1198960129006727494, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海中医药大学, 中药研究所, 中药标准化教育部重点实验室, 中药新资源与质量标准综合评价国家中医药管理局重点研究室, 上海市复方中药重点实验室, 上海 201203)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1198960132626412213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=t4mXCkYDhhwyAow35q8NuQ==, figureFileBig=3IpW2yafU42QDJOQofuxrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960132794184388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption=
Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn. (ApL) improved doxorubicin (Dox)-induced chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) in mice. A: Serum albumin (ALB) content (n = 5); B: Body weight (n = 7); C: Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) value (n = 5); D: Serum creatinine (SCr) content (n = 5); E: Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) content (n = 5); F: Kidney H&E staining. The red box indicates the site of glomerular lesion. Glomerular, interstitial and perivascular disease was scored from (0) to (4) as described in methods (n = 3). Mean ± SEM. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs Dox group. PNS: Prednisone , figureFileSmall=t4mXCkYDhhwyAow35q8NuQ==, figureFileBig=3IpW2yafU42QDJOQofuxrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960133050036957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=2xtPlAYdKmvu5afM6eG1/Q==, figureFileBig=Pg+PKDzsYmKXWl8nLsMc9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960133213614831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Venn diagram and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. A: Venn diagram; B: PPI analysis , figureFileSmall=2xtPlAYdKmvu5afM6eG1/Q==, figureFileBig=Pg+PKDzsYmKXWl8nLsMc9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960133398164218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=x3pC5ylnV8W+XQ3lmhvsgA==, figureFileBig=ueabN68co8SvtVXaphlySg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960133612073748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption=
Pathway enrichment analysis , figureFileSmall=x3pC5ylnV8W+XQ3lmhvsgA==, figureFileBig=ueabN68co8SvtVXaphlySg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960133775651620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=22NxR8pKKnl+OQ+59V+hDg==, figureFileBig=zo8LvBbuQXPO/Kg/S7Gl8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960133909869352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption=
Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. BP: Biological process; CC: Cellular component; MF: Molecular function , figureFileSmall=22NxR8pKKnl+OQ+59V+hDg==, figureFileBig=zo8LvBbuQXPO/Kg/S7Gl8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960134069252924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=oZuuqx4LpWLML1smlFyRtQ==, figureFileBig=mOX12pyOkXwuEY3O5FwOJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960134274773844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption=
Network of ApL-active ingredient-intersection target-pathway-CGN. The orange rectangle represents ApL, the yellow oval represents active ingredient, the dark blue rectangle represents intersection target, the light blue triangle represents signal pathway , figureFileSmall=oZuuqx4LpWLML1smlFyRtQ==, figureFileBig=mOX12pyOkXwuEY3O5FwOJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960134434157412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=f3nDzq6lL8D6RHJ7I/CSeA==, figureFileBig=OSp6OQzmfMvC5qW2u0sEbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960134564180848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption=
ApL inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in kidney tissue of CGN mice. A: Renal myeloperoxidase (MPO) level (n = 6); B: The expression of nuclear p65 in renal tissue, and Lamin B1 was used as a loading control. The quantitative densitometric analysis of p65 was shown right (n = 3); C: Renal mRNA expression of IL-6, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β and iNOS (n = 3); D: Immunohistochemistry stain for F4/80 infiltration (left), the black box indicates the site of glomerular lesion. Quantification of the area of F4/80 (right). Mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs Dox group , figureFileSmall=f3nDzq6lL8D6RHJ7I/CSeA==, figureFileBig=OSp6OQzmfMvC5qW2u0sEbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960134685815677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=dYKhtfiYnnNJw06vIr8gjw==, figureFileBig=TndIS4bc9X7ig6+vAEIJAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960134836810634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption=
ApL promoted the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway in kidney tissue of CGN mice. A: Renal reactive oxygen species (ROS) level (n = 5); B: Renal malondialdehyde (MDA) content (n = 5); C: Renal GSH content (n = 5); D: The expression of nuclear Nrf2 in renal tissue, and Lamin B1 was used as a loading control. The quantitative densitometric analysis of Nrf2 was shown right (n = 3); E: Renal mRNA expression of Gclm, Gclc, Gstm1, Sod1, Ho-1 and Gstp1 (n = 3). Mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs Dox group , figureFileSmall=dYKhtfiYnnNJw06vIr8gjw==, figureFileBig=TndIS4bc9X7ig6+vAEIJAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960134950056855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=yoiG0aPRmD+C+FhytDD9qA==, figureFileBig=B2sJzJBnVKZE+r2MI86+xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960135109440425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption=
In vitro analysis of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. A: The Nrf2-ARE luciferase activity; B: Cellular mRNA expression of IL-1β and iNOS in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). n = 3, mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 vs control group; #P < 0.05 vs LPS group. ARE: Antioxidant response element; AAA: Alisol A monoacetate; ABA: Alisol B monoacetate; ACA: Alisol C monoacetate , figureFileSmall=yoiG0aPRmD+C+FhytDD9qA==, figureFileBig=B2sJzJBnVKZE+r2MI86+xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960135214298040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Score | Glomerulonephritis |
| 0 | Normal glomerulus |
| 1 | Focal, mild or early proliferative |
| 2 | Multifocal proliferative with increased matrix and inflammatory cells |
| 3 | Diffuse proliferative |
| 4 | Extensive sclerosis/crescents: proteinuria |
), ArticleFig(id=1198960135361098690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
Glomerular score
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Score | Glomerulonephritis |
| 0 | Normal glomerulus |
| 1 | Focal, mild or early proliferative |
| 2 | Multifocal proliferative with increased matrix and inflammatory cells |
| 3 | Diffuse proliferative |
| 4 | Extensive sclerosis/crescents: proteinuria |
), ArticleFig(id=1198960135465956305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Gene | Sequence (5'-3') |
| iNOS | Forward: TGCCACGGACGAGACGGATAG |
| Reverse: CTCTTCAAGCACCTCCAGGAACG |
| COX-2 | Forward: ATTCCAAACCAGCAGACTCATA |
| Reverse: CTTGAGTTTGAAGTGGTAACCG |
| IL-6 | Forward: CTCCCAACAGACCTGTCTATAC |
| Reverse: CCATTGCACAACTCTTTTCTCA |
| TNF-α | Forward: AGGCACTCCCCCAAAAGAT |
| Reverse: CAGTAGACAGAAGAGCGTGGTG |
| IL-1β | Forward: AGTTGACGGACCCCAAAAG |
| Reverse: CTTCTCCACAGCCACAATGA |
| Gclm | Forward: CTGGGGAATGAAGTGATGGT |
| Reverse: CAATGACCCGAAAGAACTGC |
| Gclc | Forward: CGGAGGAACGATGTCTGAGT |
| Reverse: CTGGGGAATGAAGTGATGGT |
| Ho-1 | Forward: CAATGACCCGAAAGAACTGC |
| Reverse: CTCGTGGAGACGCTTTACATGG |
| Sod1 | Forward: TGTCCATTGAAGATCGTGTGAT |
| Reverse: TCATCTTGTTTCTCATGGACCA |
| Gstm1 | Forward: GAAGCTCTACTCTGAGTTCCTG |
| Reverse: TCAAACATACGGTACTGGTCAA |
| β-Actin | Forward: TTCGTTGCCGGTCCACACCC |
| Reverse: GCTTTGCACATGCCGGAGCC |
| Gstp1 | Forward: ATGCCACCATACACCATTGTC |
| Reverse: GGGAGCTGCCCATACAGAC |
), ArticleFig(id=1198960135579202526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628600904777789, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=
RT-qPCR primer sequences. iNOS: Inductible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2: Cyclooxygenase-2; IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL-1β: Interleukin-1β; Gclm: Glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit; Gclc: Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit; Ho-1: Heme oxygenase-1; Gstm1: Glutathione S-transferase M1; Sod1: Superoxide dismutase 1; Gstp1: Glutathione S-transferase pi-1
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Gene | Sequence (5'-3') |
| iNOS | Forward: TGCCACGGACGAGACGGATAG |
| Reverse: CTCTTCAAGCACCTCCAGGAACG |
| COX-2 | Forward: ATTCCAAACCAGCAGACTCATA |
| Reverse: CTTGAGTTTGAAGTGGTAACCG |
| IL-6 | Forward: CTCCCAACAGACCTGTCTATAC |
| Reverse: CCATTGCACAACTCTTTTCTCA |
| TNF-α | Forward: AGGCACTCCCCCAAAAGAT |
| Reverse: CAGTAGACAGAAGAGCGTGGTG |
| IL-1β | Forward: AGTTGACGGACCCCAAAAG |
| Reverse: CTTCTCCACAGCCACAATGA |
| Gclm | Forward: CTGGGGAATGAAGTGATGGT |
| Reverse: CAATGACCCGAAAGAACTGC |
| Gclc | Forward: CGGAGGAACGATGTCTGAGT |
| Reverse: CTGGGGAATGAAGTGATGGT |
| Ho-1 | Forward: CAATGACCCGAAAGAACTGC |
| Reverse: CTCGTGGAGACGCTTTACATGG |
| Sod1 | Forward: TGTCCATTGAAGATCGTGTGAT |
| Reverse: TCATCTTGTTTCTCATGGACCA |
| Gstm1 | Forward: GAAGCTCTACTCTGAGTTCCTG |
| Reverse: TCAAACATACGGTACTGGTCAA |
| β-Actin | Forward: TTCGTTGCCGGTCCACACCC |
| Reverse: GCTTTGCACATGCCGGAGCC |
| Gstp1 | Forward: ATGCCACCATACACCATTGTC |
| Reverse: GGGAGCTGCCCATACAGAC |
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