Article(id=1198624477270606143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624466902287155, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1263, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1669132800000, receivedDateStr=2022-11-23, revisedDate=1670515200000, revisedDateStr=2022-12-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763703944746, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1681228800000, pubDateStr=2023-04-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763703944746, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763703944746, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763703944746, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198624466902287155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='1092', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763703942275, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763704125380, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198625234971619912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624466902287155, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198625234971619913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624466902287155, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=992, endPage=1002, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198624477660676453, articleId=1198624477270606143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Minor triterpenoid acids from an aqueous extract of Uncaria rhynchophylla, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Seventeen minor triterpenoid acids (1-17) were isolated from an aqueous decoction of Uncaria rhynchophylla by a combinatory application of column chromatography using multiple stationary phases, including macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40C, silica gel, and C18 reversed phase silica gel, combined with separation techniques of flash chromatography (FC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were determined by analysis of HR-ESI-MS, UV, CD, and IR as well as 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, of which eight new compounds (1-8) are named successively uncarinic acids Q-X, while the structures of 2 and 7 were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In the in vitro assays, 27-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (17) inhibited TGF-β-induced HSC-T6 cell activation at the concentration of 5 μmol·L-1.

, correspAuthors=Qing-lan GUO, Jian-gong SHI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Qing ZHANG, Xiao-qiang LEI, Ruo-fei LI, Hua SUN, Cheng-bo XU, Cheng-gen ZHU, Qing-lan GUO, Jian-gong SHI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198624480521191936, articleId=1198624477270606143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=钩藤水提取物中的微量三萜酸类, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

运用大孔吸附树脂、MCI树脂、Sephadex LH-20、Toyopearl HW-40C、正相硅胶和C18反相硅胶等多种固定相柱色谱, 结合闪式色谱和高效液相色谱分离技术, 从常用中药钩藤水煎液中分离得到17个(1~17) 微量三萜酸类化合物。通过HR-ESI-MS、UV、CD、IR及1D和2D NMR波谱数据解析鉴定了它们的结构, 其中8个为新化合物(1~8), 依次命名为钩藤酸Q~X, 且化合物27的结构得到单晶X-射线衍射分析的确证。在初步体外活性筛选中, 在5 μmol·L-1浓度下, 27-羟基齐墩果酸(17) 对TGF-β诱导的HSC-T6细胞活化有一定抑制作用。

, correspAuthors=郭庆兰, 石建功, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*郭庆兰, Tel: 86-10-83154789, Fax: 86-10-63017757, E-mail: ;
石建功, Tel: 86-10-63025166, Fax: 86-10-63017757, E-mail:
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figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No. 1 2 3
δH δC δH δC δH δC
1a 1.69 dt (12.6, 3.6) 42.2 1.81 dt (12.6, 3.5) 42.9 1.86 m 41.3
1b 1.01 dt (3.6, 12.6) 1.11 m 0.99 m
2a 1.78 m 27.7 1.71 m 28.8 1.79 m 28.1
2b 1.60 m 1.57 m 1.62 m
3 3.56 dd (12.0, 4.8) 73.7 3.48 dd (11.9, 4.2) 80.3 3.10 dd (12.0, 4.2) 80.1
4 44.2 50.5 40.8
5 1.19 brs 49.4 116.9 0.76 d (3.0) 56.8
6 4.36 brs 68.4 151.0 4.48 q (3.0) 68.8
7a 1.77 m 42.5 2.22 m 30.9 1.57 m 40.8
7b 1.62 m 1.51 m
8 39.1 42.5 40.5
9 1.53 dd (12.0, 5.4) 49.6 1.86 m 45.1 2.02 brs 56.1
10 37.3 35.8 37.4
11a 2.08 ddd (18.0, 12.0, 2.4) 24.2 2.20 ddd (18.9, 10.5, 3.5) 24.4 5.67 dd (10.2, 1.8) 128.3
11b 2.00 dt (18.0, 5.4) 2.10 ddd (18.9, 7.7, 3.5)
12 5.40 dd (5.4, 2.4) 127.5 5.33 t (3.5) 128.9 5.97 dd (10.2, 3.0) 130.9
13 139.4 139.4 143.7
14 46.1 42.0 42.7
15a 1.94 dt (4.2, 13.8) 29.8 1.86 m 29.2 1.88 m 27.1
15b 1.16 m 1.07 m 1.15 m
16a 1.80 m 32.4 2.65 dt (4.2, 13.3) 26.3 2.17 dt (13.8, 3.0) 27.9
16b 1.64 m 1.53 m 1.47 dt (3.6, 13.8)
17 50.4 48.9 48.3
18 134.6 2.52 brs 54.6 5.42 s 128.8
19 137.0 73.6 3.56 quintet (6.0) 72.1
20 2.17 m 35.7 1.35 m 43.0 1.40 m 41.7
21a 1.82 m 27.5 1.73 m 27.3 1.56 m 28.5
21b 1.35 m 1.23 m 1.01 m
22a 2.16 m 36.0 1.74 m 39.0 1.76 dt (3.6, 13.8) 40.1
22b 1.38 m 1.63 m 1.40 m
23a 3.59 d (11.4) 66.7 4.08 s 85.6 1.04 s 27.8
23b 3.45 d (11.4)
24 1.05 s 14.2 1.23 s 20.8 1.14 s 17.1
25 1.36 s 18.3 1.11 s 21.1 1.25 s 19.9
26 1.16 s 20.2 0.86 s 18.8 1.02 s 17.4
27 0.96 s 22.4 1.30 s 25.6 0.93 s 290.3
28 180.4 182.2 179.5
29 1.73 s 19.8 1.20 s 27.0 1.08 d (6.0) 19.4
30 1.09 d (7.2) 19.1 0.93 d (6.3) 16.6 0.86 d (6.6) 15.0
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NMR spectral data (δ) for compounds 1-3 in CD3OD. Data (δ) were measured at 600 MHz for 1H and at 150 MHz for 13C for 1 and 3, and at 700 MHz for 1H and at 175 MHz for 13C for 2, respectively. Proton coupling constants (J) in Hz are given in parentheses. The assignments were based on 1H-1H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC experiment

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No. 1 2 3
δH δC δH δC δH δC
1a 1.69 dt (12.6, 3.6) 42.2 1.81 dt (12.6, 3.5) 42.9 1.86 m 41.3
1b 1.01 dt (3.6, 12.6) 1.11 m 0.99 m
2a 1.78 m 27.7 1.71 m 28.8 1.79 m 28.1
2b 1.60 m 1.57 m 1.62 m
3 3.56 dd (12.0, 4.8) 73.7 3.48 dd (11.9, 4.2) 80.3 3.10 dd (12.0, 4.2) 80.1
4 44.2 50.5 40.8
5 1.19 brs 49.4 116.9 0.76 d (3.0) 56.8
6 4.36 brs 68.4 151.0 4.48 q (3.0) 68.8
7a 1.77 m 42.5 2.22 m 30.9 1.57 m 40.8
7b 1.62 m 1.51 m
8 39.1 42.5 40.5
9 1.53 dd (12.0, 5.4) 49.6 1.86 m 45.1 2.02 brs 56.1
10 37.3 35.8 37.4
11a 2.08 ddd (18.0, 12.0, 2.4) 24.2 2.20 ddd (18.9, 10.5, 3.5) 24.4 5.67 dd (10.2, 1.8) 128.3
11b 2.00 dt (18.0, 5.4) 2.10 ddd (18.9, 7.7, 3.5)
12 5.40 dd (5.4, 2.4) 127.5 5.33 t (3.5) 128.9 5.97 dd (10.2, 3.0) 130.9
13 139.4 139.4 143.7
14 46.1 42.0 42.7
15a 1.94 dt (4.2, 13.8) 29.8 1.86 m 29.2 1.88 m 27.1
15b 1.16 m 1.07 m 1.15 m
16a 1.80 m 32.4 2.65 dt (4.2, 13.3) 26.3 2.17 dt (13.8, 3.0) 27.9
16b 1.64 m 1.53 m 1.47 dt (3.6, 13.8)
17 50.4 48.9 48.3
18 134.6 2.52 brs 54.6 5.42 s 128.8
19 137.0 73.6 3.56 quintet (6.0) 72.1
20 2.17 m 35.7 1.35 m 43.0 1.40 m 41.7
21a 1.82 m 27.5 1.73 m 27.3 1.56 m 28.5
21b 1.35 m 1.23 m 1.01 m
22a 2.16 m 36.0 1.74 m 39.0 1.76 dt (3.6, 13.8) 40.1
22b 1.38 m 1.63 m 1.40 m
23a 3.59 d (11.4) 66.7 4.08 s 85.6 1.04 s 27.8
23b 3.45 d (11.4)
24 1.05 s 14.2 1.23 s 20.8 1.14 s 17.1
25 1.36 s 18.3 1.11 s 21.1 1.25 s 19.9
26 1.16 s 20.2 0.86 s 18.8 1.02 s 17.4
27 0.96 s 22.4 1.30 s 25.6 0.93 s 290.3
28 180.4 182.2 179.5
29 1.73 s 19.8 1.20 s 27.0 1.08 d (6.0) 19.4
30 1.09 d (7.2) 19.1 0.93 d (6.3) 16.6 0.86 d (6.6) 15.0
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No. 4 5 6
δH δC δH δC δH δC
1a 1.56 m 41.7 1.93 m 43.0 1.64 m 41.8
1b 0.98 dt (3.0, 13.2) 1.33 m 1.08 m
2a 1.72 m 27.6 2.82 m 35.7 1.72 m 27.7
2b 1.58 m 2.18 ddd (15.0, 4.8, 3.0) 1.61 m
3 3.56 dd (12.0, 4.2) 74.0 219.9 3.91 dd (11.5, 4.0) 77.2
4 44.1 50.1 55.6
5 1.18 d (2.4) 49.3 1.21 brs 57.9 1.51 d (1.5) 53.5
6 4.38 brs 68.9 4.41 brs 69.6 4.03 brs 71.7
7a 1.97 dd (15.6, 4.2) 44.2 1.93 m 44.3 1.72 m 41.9
7b 1.71 m 1.80 m 1.46 m
8 41.3 41.5 40.7
9 1.76 m 48.7 1.77 dd (11.4, 6.6) 48.1 1.79 dd (10.5, 6.5) 49.5
10 37.4 37.6 37.1
11a 2.05 m 24.7 2.11 m 24.8 2.05 m 24.6
11b
12 5.38 t (4.2) 131.0 5.37 t (3.6) 130.8 5.31 t (4.0) 129.5
13 140.3 140.2 139.3
14 48.8 49.0 43.1
15a 4.20 dd (12.0, 6.0) 69.3 4.36 dd (11.4, 6.0) 69.1 1.86 dt (5.0, 14.0) 29.6
15b 0.97 brd (14.0)
16a 2.68 t (12.0) 36.6 2.36 t (11.4) 29.6 2.55 dt (5.0, 14.0) 26.6
16b 1.72 m 2.07 m 1.48 m
17 48.2 54.2 49.0
18 2.45 brs 55.4 2.42 brs 56.3 2.51 brs 55.1
19 73.4 73.0 73.6
20 1.35 m 42.9 1.48 m 41.3 1.35 m 43.1
21a 1.74 m 27.2 1.84 t (12.0) 35.4 1.72 m 27.3
21b 1.63 dd (13.2, 4.2) 1.42 m 1.61 m
22a 1.73 m 38.7 3.70 dd (12.0, 4.8) 75.4 1.72 m 39.0
22b 1.58 m 1.60 m
23a 3.59 d (10.8) 66.9 1.13 s 26.0 181.8
23b 3.47 d (10.8)
24 1.07 s 14.1 1.42 s 24.4 1.46 s 12.7
25 1.32 s 17.7 1.52 s 16.8 1.32 s 17.4
26 1.10 s 19.0 1.20 s 19.2 1.07 s 18.5
27 1.28 s 18.8 1.30 s 19.1 1.31 s 24.8
28 181.7 179.9 182.3
29 1.19 s 26.9 1.16 s 26.5 1.19 s 27.0
30 0.92 d (6.6) 16.5 0.95 d (6.6) 16.3 0.92 d (6.5) 16.6
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NMR spectral data (δ) for compounds 4-6 in CD3OD. Data (δ) were measured at 600 MHz for 1H and at 150 MHz for 13C for 4 and 5, and at 500 MHz for 1H and at 125 MHz for 13C for 6, respectively. Proton coupling constants (J) in Hz are given in parentheses. The assignments were based on 1H-1H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC experiment

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No. 4 5 6
δH δC δH δC δH δC
1a 1.56 m 41.7 1.93 m 43.0 1.64 m 41.8
1b 0.98 dt (3.0, 13.2) 1.33 m 1.08 m
2a 1.72 m 27.6 2.82 m 35.7 1.72 m 27.7
2b 1.58 m 2.18 ddd (15.0, 4.8, 3.0) 1.61 m
3 3.56 dd (12.0, 4.2) 74.0 219.9 3.91 dd (11.5, 4.0) 77.2
4 44.1 50.1 55.6
5 1.18 d (2.4) 49.3 1.21 brs 57.9 1.51 d (1.5) 53.5
6 4.38 brs 68.9 4.41 brs 69.6 4.03 brs 71.7
7a 1.97 dd (15.6, 4.2) 44.2 1.93 m 44.3 1.72 m 41.9
7b 1.71 m 1.80 m 1.46 m
8 41.3 41.5 40.7
9 1.76 m 48.7 1.77 dd (11.4, 6.6) 48.1 1.79 dd (10.5, 6.5) 49.5
10 37.4 37.6 37.1
11a 2.05 m 24.7 2.11 m 24.8 2.05 m 24.6
11b
12 5.38 t (4.2) 131.0 5.37 t (3.6) 130.8 5.31 t (4.0) 129.5
13 140.3 140.2 139.3
14 48.8 49.0 43.1
15a 4.20 dd (12.0, 6.0) 69.3 4.36 dd (11.4, 6.0) 69.1 1.86 dt (5.0, 14.0) 29.6
15b 0.97 brd (14.0)
16a 2.68 t (12.0) 36.6 2.36 t (11.4) 29.6 2.55 dt (5.0, 14.0) 26.6
16b 1.72 m 2.07 m 1.48 m
17 48.2 54.2 49.0
18 2.45 brs 55.4 2.42 brs 56.3 2.51 brs 55.1
19 73.4 73.0 73.6
20 1.35 m 42.9 1.48 m 41.3 1.35 m 43.1
21a 1.74 m 27.2 1.84 t (12.0) 35.4 1.72 m 27.3
21b 1.63 dd (13.2, 4.2) 1.42 m 1.61 m
22a 1.73 m 38.7 3.70 dd (12.0, 4.8) 75.4 1.72 m 39.0
22b 1.58 m 1.60 m
23a 3.59 d (10.8) 66.9 1.13 s 26.0 181.8
23b 3.47 d (10.8)
24 1.07 s 14.1 1.42 s 24.4 1.46 s 12.7
25 1.32 s 17.7 1.52 s 16.8 1.32 s 17.4
26 1.10 s 19.0 1.20 s 19.2 1.07 s 18.5
27 1.28 s 18.8 1.30 s 19.1 1.31 s 24.8
28 181.7 179.9 182.3
29 1.19 s 26.9 1.16 s 26.5 1.19 s 27.0
30 0.92 d (6.6) 16.5 0.95 d (6.6) 16.3 0.92 d (6.5) 16.6
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No. 7 8
δH δC δH δC
1a 1.60 m 41.6 1.54 m 41.5
1b 1.06 m 0.96 m
2a 1.72 m 27.6 1.72 m 27.5
2b 1.59 m 1.58 m
3 3.90 dd (12.0, 4.0) 77.2 3.55 dd (11.4, 4.2) 74.1
4 55.6 44.1
5 1.51 d (2.0) 53.8 1.17 d (1.8) 49.6
6 4.04 brs 71.7 4.38 brs 69.0
7a 1.70 m 41.6 1.95 dd (15.0, 4.2) 44.3
7b 1.46 m 1.72 m
8 40.4 41.2
9 1.82 dd (11.0, 7.0) 49.8 1.77 m 49.1
10 37.3 37.6
11a 2.06 ddd (18.5, 11.0, 4.0) 24.7 2.04 ddd (18.6, 10.2, 3.6) 24.8
11b 1.98 m 2.01 m
12 5.34 t (4.0) 125.0 5.41 t (3.6) 126.5
13 143.9 145.6
14 43.1 48.9
15a 1.67 m 29.4 4.09 dd (12.0, 4.8) 69.6
15b 0.99 m
16a 2.26 dt (4.0, 13.0) 28.6 2.43 t (12.0) 38.4
16b 1.58 m 1.74 m
17 46.7 46.1
18 3.06 brs 45.2 3.01 brs 45.8
19 3.26 brd (4.0) 82.4 3.25 brd (4.2) 82.3
20 36.1 36.1
21a 1.68 m 29.5 1.74 m 29.3
21b 1.00 m 0.99 m
22a 1.76 m 34.0 1.75 m 34.0
22b 1.61 m 1.59 m
23a 181.7 3.59 d (10.8) 67.0
23b 3.48 d (10.8)
24 1.46 s 12.7 1.07 s 14.0
25 1.31 s 17.2 1.31 s 17.5
26 1.06 s 18.4 1.10 s 19.1
27 1.27 s 25.1 1.25 s 19.4
28 182.3 182.3
29 0.93 s 28.7 0.93 s 28.7
30 0.96 s 25.2 0.96 s 25.0
), ArticleFig(id=1198702045470487072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624477270606143, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=

NMR spectral data (δ) for compounds 7 and 8 in CD3OD. Data (δ) were measured at 500 MHz for 1H and at 125 MHz for 13C for 7 and at 600 MHz for 1H and at 150 MHz for 13C for 8, respectively. Proton coupling constants (J) in Hz are given in parentheses. The assignments were based on 1H-1H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC experiment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No. 7 8
δH δC δH δC
1a 1.60 m 41.6 1.54 m 41.5
1b 1.06 m 0.96 m
2a 1.72 m 27.6 1.72 m 27.5
2b 1.59 m 1.58 m
3 3.90 dd (12.0, 4.0) 77.2 3.55 dd (11.4, 4.2) 74.1
4 55.6 44.1
5 1.51 d (2.0) 53.8 1.17 d (1.8) 49.6
6 4.04 brs 71.7 4.38 brs 69.0
7a 1.70 m 41.6 1.95 dd (15.0, 4.2) 44.3
7b 1.46 m 1.72 m
8 40.4 41.2
9 1.82 dd (11.0, 7.0) 49.8 1.77 m 49.1
10 37.3 37.6
11a 2.06 ddd (18.5, 11.0, 4.0) 24.7 2.04 ddd (18.6, 10.2, 3.6) 24.8
11b 1.98 m 2.01 m
12 5.34 t (4.0) 125.0 5.41 t (3.6) 126.5
13 143.9 145.6
14 43.1 48.9
15a 1.67 m 29.4 4.09 dd (12.0, 4.8) 69.6
15b 0.99 m
16a 2.26 dt (4.0, 13.0) 28.6 2.43 t (12.0) 38.4
16b 1.58 m 1.74 m
17 46.7 46.1
18 3.06 brs 45.2 3.01 brs 45.8
19 3.26 brd (4.0) 82.4 3.25 brd (4.2) 82.3
20 36.1 36.1
21a 1.68 m 29.5 1.74 m 29.3
21b 1.00 m 0.99 m
22a 1.76 m 34.0 1.75 m 34.0
22b 1.61 m 1.59 m
23a 181.7 3.59 d (10.8) 67.0
23b 3.48 d (10.8)
24 1.46 s 12.7 1.07 s 14.0
25 1.31 s 17.2 1.31 s 17.5
26 1.06 s 18.4 1.10 s 19.1
27 1.27 s 25.1 1.25 s 19.4
28 182.3 182.3
29 0.93 s 28.7 0.93 s 28.7
30 0.96 s 25.2 0.96 s 25.0
), ArticleFig(id=1198702045646647847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624477270606143, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compound OD value Cell survival/% Compound OD value Cell survival/%
Control 0.761 ± 0.056 100.000 Control 0.796 ± 0.015 100.000
Model (10 ng·mL-1) 1.057 ± 0.036## 138.918 Model (10 ng·mL-1) 1.053 ± 0.034### 132.222
1 1.080 ± 0.032 141.875 4 1.182 ± 0.015 148.453
2 1.050 ± 0.056 137.972 8 1.170 ± 0.029 146.970
9 1.002 ± 0.036 131.647
10 0.998 ± 0.044 131.130
11 1.095 ± 0.035 143.833
12 1.067 ± 0.025 140.232
13 1.073 ± 0.059 141.007
14 1.037 ± 0.026 136.272
15 1.019 ± 0.023 133.850
16 1.065 ± 0.066 139.947
17 0.963 ± 0.019** 126.592
), ArticleFig(id=1198702045793448500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624477270606143, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=

Inhibition activity of TGF-β induced HSC-T6 cell activation. All compounds were tested at 5 μmol·L-1; Results are expressed as means ± SD (n = 3). ###P < 0.01; ##P < 0.05 vs Control; **P < 0.05 vs Model

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compound OD value Cell survival/% Compound OD value Cell survival/%
Control 0.761 ± 0.056 100.000 Control 0.796 ± 0.015 100.000
Model (10 ng·mL-1) 1.057 ± 0.036## 138.918 Model (10 ng·mL-1) 1.053 ± 0.034### 132.222
1 1.080 ± 0.032 141.875 4 1.182 ± 0.015 148.453
2 1.050 ± 0.056 137.972 8 1.170 ± 0.029 146.970
9 1.002 ± 0.036 131.647
10 0.998 ± 0.044 131.130
11 1.095 ± 0.035 143.833
12 1.067 ± 0.025 140.232
13 1.073 ± 0.059 141.007
14 1.037 ± 0.026 136.272
15 1.019 ± 0.023 133.850
16 1.065 ± 0.066 139.947
17 0.963 ± 0.019** 126.592
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钩藤水提取物中的微量三萜酸类
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张卿 , 雷小强 , 李若斐 , 孙华 , 徐成博 , 朱承根 , 郭庆兰 * , 石建功 *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023,58(4): 992-1002
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2023, 58(4): 992-1002
钩藤水提取物中的微量三萜酸类
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张卿, 雷小强, 李若斐, 孙华, 徐成博, 朱承根, 郭庆兰* , 石建功*
作者信息
  • 中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药物研究所, 天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室, 北京 100050

通讯作者:

*郭庆兰, Tel: 86-10-83154789, Fax: 86-10-63017757, E-mail: ;
石建功, Tel: 86-10-63025166, Fax: 86-10-63017757, E-mail:
Minor triterpenoid acids from an aqueous extract of Uncaria rhynchophylla
Qing ZHANG, Xiao-qiang LEI, Ruo-fei LI, Hua SUN, Cheng-bo XU, Cheng-gen ZHU, Qing-lan GUO* , Jian-gong SHI*
Affiliations
  • Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
出版时间: 2023-04-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1263
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运用大孔吸附树脂、MCI树脂、Sephadex LH-20、Toyopearl HW-40C、正相硅胶和C18反相硅胶等多种固定相柱色谱, 结合闪式色谱和高效液相色谱分离技术, 从常用中药钩藤水煎液中分离得到17个(1~17) 微量三萜酸类化合物。通过HR-ESI-MS、UV、CD、IR及1D和2D NMR波谱数据解析鉴定了它们的结构, 其中8个为新化合物(1~8), 依次命名为钩藤酸Q~X, 且化合物27的结构得到单晶X-射线衍射分析的确证。在初步体外活性筛选中, 在5 μmol·L-1浓度下, 27-羟基齐墩果酸(17) 对TGF-β诱导的HSC-T6细胞活化有一定抑制作用。

茜草科  /  钩藤属  /  钩藤  /  水提取物  /  三萜酸

Seventeen minor triterpenoid acids (1-17) were isolated from an aqueous decoction of Uncaria rhynchophylla by a combinatory application of column chromatography using multiple stationary phases, including macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40C, silica gel, and C18 reversed phase silica gel, combined with separation techniques of flash chromatography (FC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were determined by analysis of HR-ESI-MS, UV, CD, and IR as well as 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, of which eight new compounds (1-8) are named successively uncarinic acids Q-X, while the structures of 2 and 7 were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In the in vitro assays, 27-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (17) inhibited TGF-β-induced HSC-T6 cell activation at the concentration of 5 μmol·L-1.

Rubiaceae  /  Uncaria  /  Uncaria rhynchophylla  /  aqueous extract  /  triterpenoid acid
张卿, 雷小强, 李若斐, 孙华, 徐成博, 朱承根, 郭庆兰, 石建功. 钩藤水提取物中的微量三萜酸类. 药学学报, 2023 , 58 (4) : 992 -1002 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1263
Qing ZHANG, Xiao-qiang LEI, Ruo-fei LI, Hua SUN, Cheng-bo XU, Cheng-gen ZHU, Qing-lan GUO, Jian-gong SHI. Minor triterpenoid acids from an aqueous extract of Uncaria rhynchophylla[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2023 , 58 (4) : 992 -1002 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1263
茜草科(Rubiaceae) 植物钩藤Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq ex Havil的干燥带钩茎枝为常用中药钩藤的主要基源[1]。在临床应用中, 钩藤多以复方入药, 主要用于高血压、眩晕、惊厥、癫痫和震颤等病症[2, 3]。以往的研究报道显示生物碱、三萜和黄酮类化合物是钩藤及同属植物的主要活性成分[4-10]。然而这些成分绝大多数是从钩藤药材的醇提取物中分离得到, 并且在提取和初步分离过程中经常用酸或碱(如氨水和盐酸等) 处理[11-13]。由于在临床实际应用中钩藤等传统中药多采用水煎煮的方式, 因此作者开展了U. rhynchophylla药用部位水煎煮提取物的研究, 并注重微量成分的系统分离和鉴定, 为更全面深入地揭示其化学成分组成和多样性药效作用奠定基础。前期作者课题组已从钩藤的同一水煎煮提取物中分离鉴定并先后报道了30个生物碱、2个叶酸衍生物、30个三萜酸、5个megastigmanes和7个单萜衍生物及其初步活性筛选结果, 其中包括29个新的微量成分[14-19]。本文继续报道该提取物中8个微量三萜酸类新成分(1~8) 和9个已知化合物(9~17) (图 1) 的分离和结构鉴定。
化合物1为白色无定形粉末, [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ +251.0 (c 0.05, MeOH)。红外光谱显示分子结构中存在羟基(3 433 cm-1) 和羰基(1 695 cm-1)。根据(+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 509.324 2 [M+Na]+ (C30H46O5Na, 计算值509.323 8) 和NMR谱数据(表 1), 确定其分子式为C30H46O5, 具有8个不饱和度。化合物1的NMR谱数据与从该植物中提取分离的钩藤酸P (uncarinic acid P)[16]的NMR数据相似, 比较二者显示主要区别是前者结构中的羟甲基[δH 3.59 (1H, d, J = 11.4 Hz, H-23a) 和3.45 (1H, d, J = 11.4 Hz, H-23b), δC 66.7 (C-23)] 替代了后者中的23-醛基。因此, 确定化合物1为3, 6, 23-三羟基-乌苏-12, 18-二烯-28-酸, 并通过2D NMR实验数据解析进行了证实(图 2)。特别是在HMBC谱中, H3-24和H2-23与C-3、C-4和C-5, H-5与C-4、C-6、C-10和C-23, 以及H-6与C-8和C-10的远程异核相关信号, 结合它们的化学位移值, 表明3个羟基分别位于C-3、C-6和C-23。同时, H3-29与C-18、C-19和C-20及H3-30与C-19、C-20和C-21的HMBC相关信号, 证实两个甲基分别位于C-19和C-20。此外, 根据NOESY谱中H-5与H-3和H-9及H-6与H2-23的信号交叉峰(图 3), 结合H-3和H-6共振信号的偶合裂分特征及其偶合常数(表 1), 确定了3β, 6β-二羟基的取向。化合物1的CD谱给出一个源自异环顺式共轭二烯发色团的强(+)-Cotton效应峰(λmax 234 nm, Δε +30.06) (图 4)。根据异环顺式共轭二烯的烯丙轴手性(allylic axial chirality) 规则[20], 推定1拥有与常见乌苏酸母核相同的绝对构型。因此, 化合物1的结构确定为3β, 6β, 23-三羟基-乌苏-12, 18-二烯-28-酸, 命名为钩藤酸Q (uncarinic acid Q)。
化合物2为无色针状结晶(CH3OH), mp > 300 ℃; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ +36.6 (c 0.08, MeOH)。根据(+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 485.326 3 [M+H]+ (C30H45O5, 计算值485.326 2) 和NMR谱数据(表 1), 确定其分子式为C30H44O5, 较1少两个氢, 不饱和度为9。比较21的NMR谱数据, 显示主要差别是2结构中的1个连氧季碳[δC 73.6 (C-19)]、1个四取代烯醚双键[δC 116.9 (C-5) 和151.0 (C-6)] 和1个与羟基同碳甲基[δH 1.20 (3H, s, H3-29) 和δC 27.0 (C-29)], 分别替代了1中的羟基次甲基(CH-6) 及19-甲基-18, 19-烯单元; 同时, 2结构中的羟亚甲基[δH 4.08 (2H, s, H2-23) 和δC 85.6 (C-23)] 共振信号较1的显著向低场位移。由此推断21的18, 19-二氢-19-羟基-6, 23-环氧-5-烯衍生物, 并得到2的2DNMR实验谱图解析的确证(图 23)。特别是, 在HMBC谱中, H2-23与C-5和C-6, H-18与C-12、C-13、C-14、C-16、C-17、C-19和C-28, 以及H3-29和H3-30与C-19的远程相关信号, 结合它们的化学位移, 确证化合物2结构中存在6, 23-环氧-5-烯结构单元。另外, 根据NOESY谱中H-3与H2-23及H-18和H-20与H3-29的NOE交叉峰信号, 结合H-3共振信号的偶合裂分峰型及其偶合常数(表 1), 推定了3β, 19α-二羟基的取向。因此, 推断2为3β, 19α-二羟基- 6, 23-环氧-乌苏-5, 12-二烯-28-酸。化合物2的甲醇溶液室温放置后, 得到适宜的单晶, 随即通过Cu Kα射线辐照的X-射线单晶射线散场衍射分析, 进一步确证了2的结构及其绝对构型, 其ORTEP晶体结构如图 5所示。因此, 化合物2的结构得到确定, 命名为钩藤酸R (uncarinic acid R)。
化合物3为白色无定形粉末, 通过(+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 511.340 1 [M+Na]+ (C30H48O5Na计算值, 511.339 4) 和NMR谱数据分析(表 1) 确定其分子式为C30H48O5, 不饱和度为7。NMR谱数据显示3的结构中存在特征的1个二取代双键、1个三取代双键、3个连氧的次甲基、1个羧酸羰基、2个仲甲基和5个叔甲基, 以及不连氧的7个亚甲基、3个次甲基和5个季碳(表 1)。根据这些数据初步推测3是一个罕见的含有1个额外双键的裂环三羟基-乌苏-二烯-28-酸衍生物, 并通过2D NMR实验谱图分析对其结构进行了进一步确定。在2D NMR谱图中, 除显示可确证3拥有3, 6-二羟基-乌苏-二烯-28-酸母核A和B环的信号外(图 2), H-9/H-11/H-12/H-18/H-16a依次偶合(包括烯丙和高烯丙位偶合) 的1H-1H COSY交叉峰, H3-26与C-7、C-8、C-9和C-14及H3-27与C-8、C-13、C-14和C-15异核远程相关的HMBC信号, 结合它们的化学位移, 证明3的结构中还存在11, 13(18)-二烯特征。同时, 根据H3-29/H-19/H-20/H2-21/H2-22依次偶合的1H-1H COSY交叉峰, H-16a和H-22b与C-28异核远程相关的HMBC信号, 结合它们的化学位移, 推定3为3, 6, 19-三羟基-18, 19-裂-乌苏-11, 13(18)-二烯- 28-酸。进一步根据NOESY谱中H-3与H-5和H3-23以及H-6与H3-23的NOE交叉峰信号(图 3), 结合这些氢共振信号的偶合裂分峰型及其偶合常数(表 1), 指定了3β, 6β-二羟基的取向。化合物3的CD谱显示反式共轭二烯发色团的强(-)-Cotton效应峰(λmax 243 nm, Δε -9.06) (图 4), 根据环内反式共轭二烯的烯丙轴手性(allylic axial chirality) 规则[20], 推测3拥有与常见乌苏酸母核相同的绝对构型。另外, 根据该植物中分离鉴定的19-羟基乌苏烷-28-酸衍生物的19-羟基均具有α取向的情况, 从生源考虑初步推定3也拥有19α-羟基。因此, 化合物3的结构得以初步确定, 命名为钩藤酸S (uncarinic acid S)。
化合物4为白色无定形粉末, 根据(+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 543.328 9 [M+Na]+ (C30H48O7Na计算值, 543.329 2) 和NMR谱数据分析(表 2) 确定分子式为C30H48O7, 不饱和度为7。化合物42的NMR谱数据相似, 最明显的不同是前者NMR中可归属于1个次甲基[δH 1.18 (1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz, H-5); δC 49.3 (C-5)] 及2个羟次甲基[δH 4.38 (1H, brs, H-6) 和4.20 (1H, dd, J = 12.0, 6.0 Hz, H-15); δC 68.9 (C-6) 和69.3 (C-15)] 的信号, 取代了后者中的四取代烯醚双键单元和1个亚甲基的信号。另外, 前者孤立羟亚甲基[δH 3.59和3.47 (各1H, d, J = 10.8 Hz, H2-23) 及δC 66.9 (C-23)] 信号明显移向高场, 且呈典型的AB偶合系统而非后者的单峰信号。由此初步推断42被羟化的6, 23-裂环-5, 6-二氢衍生物, 并通过4的2D NMR实验谱图解析对羟基化的位置及其构型进行了进一步推定。在2D NMR谱中, 除显示可确证4是拥有2的6, 23-裂环-5, 6-二氢衍生物基本结构的信号外(图 2), H-15/H2-16偶合的1H-1H COSY交叉峰, H3-27与C-8、C-13、C-14和C-15异核远程偶合相关的HMBC信号, 以及H-15与H3-26之间的NOESY交叉峰, 结合这些氢和碳共振信号的化学位移和偶合裂分峰型及其偶合常数(表 2), 推定4的结构中还存在15α-羟基。通过NOESY谱中H-3与H-5和H3-23、H-6与H3-23、H-12与H-18和H3-29以及H-18与H-20的NOE交叉峰信号(图 3), 结合这些氢共振信号的偶合裂分峰型及其偶合常数(表 1), 指定了3β, 6β, 19α-二羟基的取向。根据前述该植物中分离鉴定乌苏-12-烯-28-酸衍生物母核的绝对构型保持, 推测在不考虑取代基影响的情况下4母核骨架的绝对构型与1~3相同。故此, 化合物4的结构确定为3β, 6β, 15α, 19α, 23-五羟基-乌苏- 12-烯-28-酸, 命名为钩藤酸T (uncarinic acid T)。
化合物5为白色无定形粉末, 经(+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 541.313 7 [M+Na]+ (C30H46O7Na计算值, 541.313 6) 和NMR谱数据分析(表 2) 确定其分子式为C30H46O7, 不饱和度为8。化合物5的波谱数显示其为另一个乌苏-12-烯-28-酸衍生物。比较54的NMR谱数据, 显示54结构中多一个酮羰基而无23-羟基的四羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸衍生物。经2D NMR实验谱图解析羰基和羟基的位置及其构型进行了推定。在2D NMR谱图中, 除给出可确证5拥有乌苏-12-烯-28-酸母核的信号外(图 2), H-5/H-6/H2-7依次偶合相关的1H-1H COSY交叉峰, H3-23和H3-24与C-3、C-4和C-5异核远程偶合的HMBC信号, 结合它们的化学位移, 证明5具有6-羟基-3-酮取代特征。同时, 根据H-15/H2-16偶合的1H-1H COSY交叉峰, H3-27与C-8、C-13、C-14和C-15异核远程相关的HMBC信号, 结合它们的化学位移, 推定54有相同的15-羟基取代。另外, 借助1H-1H COSY交叉峰H3-30/H-20/H2-21/H-22, HMBC异核远程相关H3-29/C-18、C-19和C-20以及H3-30/C-19、C-20和C-21, 结合它们的化学位移, 推断5中有19, 22-二羟基取代。进一步通过NOESY谱中H-6/H3-23、H-15/H3-26、H-18/H-22和H-18/H3-29的NOE交叉峰, 结合这些氢共振信号的偶合裂分峰型及其偶合常数[21-23](表 2), 推定5拥有6β, 15α, 19α, 22α-四羟基取代的构型。化合物5的CD谱显示可归属于酮羰基发色团的弱(-)-Cotton效应峰(λmax 301 nm, Δε -0.07) (图 6); 运用酮羰基的八区律规则[24], 确证5母核骨架的绝对构型与常见乌苏酸的相同。因此, 化合物5的结构得以确定, 命名为钩藤酸U (uncarinic acid U)。
化合物6为白色无定形粉末, 根据(-)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 517.316 9 [M-H]- (C30H45O7, 计算值517.316 0) 和NMR谱数据(表 2) 确定其分子式为C30H46O7。化合物6的NMR谱数据与从同植物的95%乙醇提取物中分离到的3β, 6β, 19α-三羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸-23-羧酸甲酯(3β, 6β, 19α-trihydroxy-23-methoxycarbonyl-urs-12-en-28-oic acid)[25]的非常相似, 文献[26]中该结构绘制有误。两者仅有的显著差别是在6的NMR谱中缺少酯甲基的信号。据此推测, 6为3β, 6β, 19α-三羟基-乌苏- 12-烯-23, 28-二酸, 且得到其2D NMR实验谱图解析的证实(图 2); 特别是, 得到HMBC谱中H-3和H3-24与C-23的异核远程相关信号, ROESY谱中H-3/H-5、H-5/H-9、H-12/H-18和H-12/H-19的NOE交叉峰信号, 及其它们的化学位移和偶合裂分特征的证实。在化合物6的CD谱中, 除缺少羰基发色团的特征Cotton效应峰外, 烯键π-π*跃迁的Cotton效应与5的相似(图 6), 据此推测6母核骨架的绝对构型与5的相同。因此, 化合物6的结构得以确定, 命名为钩藤酸V (uncarinic acid V)。
化合物7为无色簇状结晶, mp > 300 ℃, UV、CD、IR、(-)-HR-ESI-MS和NMR谱图数据(表 3和实验部分) 显示其为6的同分异构体。特别是化合物7的NMR谱数据与前期从同一提取物中分离到的齐墩果烷型三萜钩藤酸J (uncarinic acid J) 的很近似[16, 25], 仅有的显著差别是在7的NMR谱图中缺少酯甲基的信号。据此推测, 7为钩藤酸J (uncarinic acid J) 的23-羧酸衍生物, 并通过2D NMR实验谱图解析进行了证实(图 2); 特别是, 得到HMBC谱中H-3和H3-24与C-23的异核远程相关信号, ROESY谱中H-5与H-3以及H-18和H-19与H3-30的NOE交叉峰信号的证实(图 3)。化合物76的CD谱曲线近似(图 6), 由此推测7母核骨架齐墩果-12-烯- 28-酸的绝对构型与6的相似。化合物7在甲醇溶液中室温放置后, 得到适宜的单晶, 随即通过Cu Kα射线辐照的X-射线单晶射线散场衍射分析, 进一步确证了7的结构及其绝对构型, 其ORTEP晶体结构如图 5所示。因此, 化合物7确定为3β, 6β, 19α-三羟基-齐墩果-12-烯- 23, 28-二酸, 命名为钩藤酸W (uncarinic acid W)。
化合物8为白色无定形粉末, 所有谱图数据(表 3和实验部分) 显示其为4的同分异构体。比较84的NMR谱数据显示, 二者的主要差异是前者结构中的1个叔甲基[δH 0.96 (3H, s, H3-30) 和δC 25.0 (C-30)]、1个羟次甲基[δH 3.25 (1H, brd, J = 4.2 Hz, H-19) 和δC 82.3 (C-19)] 及1个季碳[δC 36.1 (C-20)], 分别替代了后者的仲甲基(CH3-30)、羟基取代季碳(C-19) 和次甲基(CH-20)。据此推定, 84的齐墩果烷型三萜的同分异构体, 且得到8的2D NMR实验谱图解析的确证。在8的2D NMR谱中, 除显示能够确证84拥有完全相同的3β, 6β, 15α, 23-四羟基取代A-D环部分的信号(图 23) 外, HMBC谱中H3-29和H3-30与C-19、C-20和C-21的异核远程相关信号, NOESY谱中H-18和H-19与H3-30的NOE交叉峰信号, 以及这些氢和碳的化学位移和共振信号偶合裂分的峰型特征及其偶合常数, 证明8拥有齐墩果烷型三萜的19α-羟基取代的E环部分。化合物87的CD谱曲线近似(图 6), 推测它们共有齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸母核骨架的绝对构型。因此, 化合物8的结构确定为3β, 6β, 15α, 19α, 23-五羟基-齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸, 命名为钩藤酸X (uncarinic acid X)。
通过波谱数据解析, 并与文献报道相关化合物的数据比较, 已知化合物结构分别为: 6β, 19α-二羟基-3-氧-24-去甲基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(6β, 19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-24-norurs-12-en-28-oic acid)[27](9)、6β, 19α-二羟基- 3-氧-24-去甲基-齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸(6β, 19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-24-norolean-12-en-28-oicacid)[27] (10)、3β, 6β, 19α, 23-四羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(3β, 6β, 19α, 23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid)[22] (11)、3β, 6β, 19α, 23-四羟基-齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸(3β, 6β, 19α, 23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid)[28](12)、3β, 6β, 23-三羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(3β, 6β, 23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid)[29](13)、3β, 6β, 23-三羟基-齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸(3β, 6β, 23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid)[30](14)、3β, 19α-二羟基-6-氧-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(3β, 19α-dihydroxy-6-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid)[27](15)、3β, 19α, 23-三羟基-6-氧-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(3β, 19α-dihydroxy-6-oxo-urs-12-en-23-ol-28-oic acid)[31](16) 和27-羟基齐墩果酸(27-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid)[32](17)。在氘代甲醇中, 91012~1416与文献报道在相同溶剂中相应化合物NMR数据完全一致; 然而, 111517与文献报道相应化合物NMR数据的溶剂不同, 存在溶剂效应偏差; 其中, 11131517的结构及其NMR数据归属得到2DNMR实验谱图解析的确证。
对部分化合物在抑制TGF-β诱导的HSC-T6细胞活化, 抑制RAW 264.7细胞分泌TNF-α, 抑制LPS诱导的原代小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞NO释放, 保护谷氨酸诱导的神经元损伤, 抑制HGC27、HCT-116、U87、MCF-7和HepG2肿瘤细胞增殖以及抑制Fe2+-半胱氨酸诱导的肝微粒体脂质过氧化等体外模型上进行了初步筛选, 仅发现化合物17在5 μmol·L-1对TGF-β诱导的HSC-T6细胞活化表现出一定抑制作用(表 4)。另外, 发现化合物131416显示抑制病毒复制的弱活性。以上结果, 结合本课题组之前所分离到的四对27-阿魏酰基反/顺互变异构体对APAP引起HepG2细胞损伤的保护作用[16], 提示27-羟基及其阿魏酰可能为关键的药效基团[33, 34]。尽管本文报道的多数化合物在已使用的细胞水平等模型上未显示出强活性, 但不能排除在其他模型上显示更佳活性的潜在可能性。总之, 这些结构多样性微量成分的发现, 丰富了钩藤水提取物的化学成分; 它们是否对钩藤临床功效有贡献, 值得通过积累样品后进一步探究。
AUTOPOL V型旋光测定仪(美国Rudolph公司), Nicolet impact 5700型傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(美国Thermo Electron Corporation公司), JASCO V-650型紫外光谱仪、JASCO J-815型CD测定仪(日本JASCO公司), X-5精密显微镜熔点测定仪(北京佳源兴业科技有限公司), Inova SYS 600型核磁共振仪(Varian Associates Inc., Palo Aito), Bruker 500、600和700型核磁共振仪(Bruker公司); 设定温度297 K; 其中, 1H NMR以氘代甲醇δH 3.300, 氘代丙酮δH 2.050, 13C NMR以氘代甲醇δC 49.00, 氘代丙酮δC 29.80为参照, Thermo QExactive Focus型质谱仪(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司)。SEP LC-52型高效液相色谱仪配备有MWDUV紫外检测器(赛普锐思北京科技有限公司)。Sephadex LH-20 (瑞典Amersham Pharmacia公司), Toyopearl HW-40C凝胶树脂(日本TOSOH公司), C18MGII反相色谱柱、PFP苯基柱和CD-Ph手性色谱柱(日本大阪曹達株式会社), GRACE C18反相色谱柱(美国Grace公司), 柱色谱硅胶(200~300目) 及薄层色谱用硅胶GF254 (青岛海洋化工厂生产)。所有试剂若无特别说明, 均购自北京化工厂, 级别为分析纯或色谱纯。
钩藤(带钩茎枝) 购于河北安国药材市场, 于2016年8月从中国湖南省衡东县采集, 由马林副研究员(中国医学科学院药物研究所) 验证, 标本现存于中国医学科学院药物研究所植物标本室, 标本号为No. ID-S-2753。
干燥钩藤(97.0 kg) 粉碎后, 用水加热回流提取3次, 减压浓缩至干, 得到浸膏。浸膏经HP-20大孔树脂柱色谱分离, 依次用水、50%乙醇和95%乙醇洗脱, 回收溶剂后得到A~C三部分。C流分(100 g) 经硅胶柱色谱分离, 以二氯甲烷和甲醇为溶剂(0%~100%, v/v), 梯度洗脱, 经薄层色谱检识, 合并后得到16个亚组分(Ca~Cp) (以上提取和初步分离工作由本课题组早期完成), Cb~Cd剩余样品合并后经Flash C18柱色谱分离, 0%~100%甲醇梯度洗脱得到Cb1~Cb26, Cb3~Cb9 (1.5 g) 后经Flash C18柱色谱分离, 0%~100%甲醇梯度洗脱得到Cb3-1~Cb3-41, Cb3-24 (64.3 mg) 经Toyopearl HW-40C凝胶柱色谱分离, 甲醇洗脱, 得到Cb3-24A~H, Cb3-24D (40.3 mg) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱分离(石油醚-二氯甲烷-甲醇, 5∶5∶1, v/v/v), 得到Cb3-24D1~8, Cb3-24D7 (20 mg) 经过HPLC分离(GRACE C18, 68%甲醇, 3 mL·min-1) 得到化合物15 (1.88 mg, tR = 33.7 min)、9 (3.2 mg, tR = 39.8 min) 和10 (3.2 mg, tR = 45.2 min)。Cb3-34 (10.8 mg) 经Toyopearl HW-40C凝胶柱色谱分离, 甲醇洗脱, 得到Cb3-34A~I, Cb3-34F (3.5 mg) 经过HPLC分离(C18 MGⅡ, 78%甲醇, 3 mL·min-1) 得到化合物17 (2.83 mg, tR = 29.6 min)。
Cf (2.1 g) 经Toyopearl HW-40C柱色谱分离, 甲醇洗脱, 得到Cf1~Cf11。Cf2 (846 mg) 经Flash C18柱色谱分离, 10%~100%甲醇梯度洗脱得到Cf2A~Cf2H。Cf2E (110 mg) 经HPLC分离(GRACE C18, 65%甲醇, 3 mL·min-1) 得到一个混合物, 进一步经过HPLC分离(CD-Ph, 64%甲醇, 3 mL·min-1) 得到化合物2 (0.82 mg, tR = 36.2 min) 和16 (0.26 mg, tR = 22.1 min)。
Ch (6.5 g) 用甲醇溶解, 经滤纸过滤后, 滤液经Toyopearl HW-40C凝胶柱色谱分离, 甲醇洗脱, 得到Ch1~Ch10。Ch3 (3.7 g) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱分离, 甲醇洗脱, 得到Ch3A~Ch3D。Ch3D (845 mg) 经Flash C18柱色谱分离, 0%~100%甲醇(含0.5‰二乙胺) 梯度洗脱得到Ch3D1~Ch3D14, Ch3D5 (450.6 mg) 经Flash正相硅胶柱色谱分离, 二氯甲烷-甲醇, 20∶1~4∶1梯度洗脱得到Ch3D5A~Ch3D5G。Ch3D5G (382.1 mg) 经过HPLC分离(GRACE C18, 68%甲醇, 3 mL·min-1) 得到两个混合物Ch3D5G1 (tR = 28.7 min) 和Ch3D5G2 (tR = 31.6 min), Ch3D5G1进一步经过HPLC分离(PFP, 66%甲醇, 3 mL·min-1) 得到化合物12 (7.55 mg, tR = 24.1 min)。Ch3D5G2进一步经过HPLC分离(PFP, 66%甲醇, 3 mL·min-1) 得到化合物11 (14.4 mg, tR = 17.8 min)。Ch3D7 (70 mg) 进行制备TLC (展开剂: 二氯甲烷-甲醇, 8∶1, v/v) 得到一个混合物(Rf ≈ 0.31), 进一步经过HPLC分离(PFP, 68%甲醇, 含0.5‰三氟乙酸, 3 mL·min-1) 得到化合物1 (0.51 mg, tR = 21.3 min)、3 (0.42 mg, tR = 24.7 min)、13 (14.1 mg, tR = 39.5 min) 和14 (9.3 mg, tR = 42.7 min)。
Ck (3.7 g) 经Flash C18柱色谱分离, 0%~100%甲醇(含0.5‰三氟乙酸) 得到Ck1~Ck12。Ck8, 9合并(477.3 mg) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱分离, 二氯甲烷-甲醇2∶1洗脱, 得到Ck8A~Ck8N。Ck8M (44 mg) 经过HPLC分离(C18 MGⅡ, 67%甲醇, 2 mL·min-1) 得到Ck8M1~5, Ck8M5 (tR = 31.3 min) 经过HPLC分离(PFP, 65%甲醇, 2 mL·min-1) 得到Ck8M5A~D, Ck8M5D (tR = 20.2 min) 经过HPLC分离(CD-Ph, 59%甲醇, 2 mL·min-1) 得到Ck8M5D1~3, Ck8M5D3 (tR = 30.8 min) 继续经过HPLC分离(PFP, 63%甲醇, 2 mL·min-1), 并继续使用HPLC纯化(GRACE C18, 66%甲醇, 2 mL·min-1) 得到化合物4 (0.75 mg, tR = 30.8 min) 和8 (3.43 mg, tR = 27.0 min)。Ck10 (181 mg) 经LH-20凝胶柱色谱分离, 二氯甲烷-甲醇2∶1洗脱, 得到Ck10A~Ck10E, Ck10D (28.7 mg) 经过HPLC分离(C18 MGⅡ, 67%甲醇, 2 mL·min-1) 得到Ck10D1~3, Ck10D3 (5.0 mg, tR = 35.4 min) 再用HPLC分离(GRACE C18, 61%甲醇, 2 mL·min-1), 并进一步用HPLC纯化(PFP, 60%甲醇, 2 mL·min-1) 得到化合物5 (0.3 mg, tR = 50.1 min)。Ck11和Ck12合并, 称重639 mg, 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱分离, 二氯甲烷-甲醇2∶1洗脱, 得到Ck11A和Ck11B, 其中Ck11B (10.0 mg) 经HPLC纯化(GRACE C18, 68%甲醇, 2 mL·min-1) 得到化合物6 (1.65 mg, tR = 34.3 min) 和7 (1.92 mg, tR = 31.2 min)。
化合物1: 白色无定形粉末; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ +251.0 (c 0.05, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax (log ε) 204 (4.37), 222 (sh, 4.23) nm; CD (MeOH): 234 (Δε +30.06) nm; IR νmax 3 433, 2 926, 1 695, 1 456, 1 379, 1 208, 1 145, 1 012, 857, 725 cm-1; 1H NMR (CD3OD, 600 MHz)、13C NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) 数据, 见表 1; (+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 509.324 2 [M+Na]+ (C30H46O5Na计算值, 509.323 8)。
化合物2: 针状结晶(MeOH), mp > 300 ℃; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ +36.6 (c 0.08, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax (log ε) 206 (3.48), 265 (2.93) nm; CD (MeOH): 200 (Δε +7.02) nm; IR νmax 3 418, 2 931, 2 877, 1 687, 1 448, 1 383, 1 209, 1 145, 1 048, 845, 803, 728 cm-1; 1H NMR (CD3OD, 700 MHz)、13C NMR (CD3OD, 175 MHz) 数据, 见表 1; (+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 485.326 3 [M+H]+ (C30H45O5计算值, 485.326 2)。X-ray单晶衍射数据: C30H44O5×3 (CH3OH), M = 580.77, 单斜晶系(monoclinic), a = 12.954 9 (2) Å, b = 7.972 70 (10) Å, c = 15.184 3 (2) Å, α = γ = 90°, β = 91.954 0 (10)°, V = 1 567.41 (4) Å3, ρ = 1.231 g·cm-3, space group P21 (no.4), T = 100.00 (10) K, Z = 2, μ(Cu Kα) = 0.694, 收集18 559个单晶衍射数据, 其中6 718个独立衍射数据, Rint = 0.031 2, R1 = 0.030 1 [I > 2σ(I)], wR2 = 0.079 2 [I > 2σ(I)], R1 = 0.031 5 (all data), wR2 = 0.080 0 (all data), F2 = 1.059; CCDC 2 219 394。
化合物3: 白色无定形粉末; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ -15.6 (c 0.18, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax (log ε) 203 (4.07), 242 (4.34) nm; CD (MeOH): 243 (Δε -9.06) nm; IR νmax 3 446, 2 931, 2 871, 1 690, 1 456, 1 372, 1 209, 1 145, 1 037, 802, 727 cm-1; 1H NMR (CD3OD, 600 MHz)、13C NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) 数据, 见表 1; (+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 511.340 1 [M+Na]+ (C30H48O5Na计算值, 511.339 4)。
化合物4: 白色无定形粉末; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ +8.0 (c 0.08, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax(log ε) 203 (6.56), 284 (5.78); CD (MeCN): 219 (Δε -1.76) nm; IR νmax 3 401, 3 000, 1 683, 1 447, 1 379, 1 206, 1 143, 1 034, 724 cm-1; 1H NMR (CD3OD, 600 MHz)、13C NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) 数据, 见表 2; (+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 543.328 9 [M+Na]+ (C30H48O7Na计算值, 543.329 2)。
化合物5: 白色无定形粉末; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ -4.1 (c 0.27, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax(log ε) 203 (6.68) nm; CD (MeCN): 214 (Δε -3.49), 301 (Δε -0.07) nm; IR νmax 3 443, 2 973, 2 931, 1 697, 1 457, 1 383, 1 258, 1 199, 1 157, 1 110 cm-1; 1H NMR (CD3OD, 600 MHz)、13C NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) 数据, 见表 2。(+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 541.313 7 [M+Na]+ (C30H46O7Na计算值, 541.313 6)。
化合物6: 白色无定形粉末; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ +23.6 (c 0.17, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax (log ε) 204 (6.58); CD (MeCN): 222 (Δε -2.12) nm; IR νmax3 397, 2 936, 2 875, 1 689, 1 461, 1 400, 1 270, 1 234, 1 159, 1 075, 1 029, 1 004, 960 cm-1; 1H NMR (CD3OD, 500 MHz)、13C NMR (CD3OD, 125 MHz) 数据, 见表 2; (-)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 517.316 9 [M-H]- (C30H45O7计算值, 517.316 0)。
化合物7: 无色簇状结晶(MeOH), mp > 300 ℃; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ +24.0 (c 0.19, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax(log ε) 204 (6.58); CD (MeCN): 219 (Δε -2.63) nm; IR νmax 3 427, 2 935, 2 877, 1 698, 1 457, 1 380, 1 239, 1 203, 1 147, 1 069, 1 046, 1 028, 923 cm-1; 1H NMR (CD3OD, 500 MHz)、13C NMR (CD3OD, 125 MHz) 数据, 见表 3; (-)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 517.317 0 [M-H]- (C30H45O7计算值, 517.316 0)。X-ray单晶衍射数据: C30H46O7, M = 518.67, 正交晶系(orthorhombic), a = 11.501 2 (2) Å, b = 14.634 6 (2) Å, c = 15.835 7 (2) Å, α = β = γ = 90°, V = 2 665.39 (7) Å3, ρ = 1.293 g·cm-1, space group P212 121 (no.19), T = 100.00 (10) K, Z = 4, μ(Cu Kα) = 0.729, 收集25 533个单晶衍射数据, 其中5 401个独立衍射数据, Rint = 0.033 3, R1 = 0.031 61 [I > 2σ(I)], wR2 = 0.083 0 [I > 2σ(I)], R1 = 0.033 2 (all data), wR2 = 0.084 2 (all data), F2 = 1.057; CCDC 2 219 393。
化合物8: 白色无定形粉末; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ +7.0 (c 0.34, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax(log ε) 204 (6.80); CD (MeCN): 217 (Δε -2.26) nm; IR νmax 3 408, 2 934, 1 682, 1 455, 1 204, 1 144, 1 004, 807, 723 cm-1; 1H NMR (CD3OD, 600 MHz)、13C NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) 数据, 见表 3; (+)-HR-ESI-MS m/z 543.329 0 [M+Na]+ (C30H48O7Na计算值, 543.329 2)。
HSC-T6细胞以每毫升8×104个接种于96孔细胞培养板中, 每孔100 µL, 培养24 h后, 加入不同浓度的待测受试物, 同时设溶剂对照组。每组3个平行孔。药物作用细胞24 h后, 弃去培养液, 每孔加入用无血清DMEM配制的MTT (0.5 mg·mL-1) 液100 µL, 继续培养4 h, 弃去MTT液, 每孔加入DMSO 150 µL, 振荡混合器振荡10 min, 于酶标仪(型号Multiskan FC) 570 nm波长处测定吸光度值。细胞存活率(%) =给药细胞OD平均值/溶剂对照细胞OD平均值×100%。
HSC-T6细胞接种于96孔细胞培养板中, 培养24 h后, 加入无毒浓度的待测化合物及TGF-β (终浓度10 ng·mL-1, 同时设溶剂空白对照组及模型组。继续作用细胞24 h。弃去培养液, 每孔加入MTT (0.5 mg·mL-1) 液100 μL, 继续培养4 h, 弃去MTT液, 每孔加入DMSO 150 μL, 振荡混合器振荡, 于酶标仪570 nm波长处测定吸光度值。细胞存活率(%) =给药组OD平均值/溶剂对照组OD平均值×100%。筛选化合物及实验结果见表 4
作者贡献: 石建功负责实验设计、数据分析, 以及文章的修改及定稿; 郭庆兰负责实验指导、数据分析及文章的修改; 张卿负责化学实验实施及文章初稿的撰写; 雷小强负责化学实验指导; 李若斐参与了药材的初步分离实验; 孙华负责TGF-β诱导的HSC-T6细胞活化活性评价; 徐成博和朱承根辅助开展化学实验。
利益冲突: 作者声明无利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82293685)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82293681)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82293680)
  • 中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-028)
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2023年第58卷第4期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1263
  • 接收时间:2022-11-23
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-04-12
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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-23
  • 修回日期:2022-12-09
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(82293685)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82293681)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82293680)
中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-028)
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    中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药物研究所, 天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室, 北京 100050

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*郭庆兰, Tel: 86-10-83154789, Fax: 86-10-63017757, E-mail: ;
石建功, Tel: 86-10-63025166, Fax: 86-10-63017757, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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