Article(id=1198624406353314429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624396437975057, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1107, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1665504000000, receivedDateStr=2022-10-12, revisedDate=1674748800000, revisedDateStr=2023-01-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763703927839, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1678550400000, pubDateStr=2023-03-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763703927839, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763703927839, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763703927839, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198624396437975057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='804', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763703925474, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763704091914, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198625094596657875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624396437975057, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198625094596657876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624396437975057, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=773, endPage=778, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198624406663692943, articleId=1198624406353314429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=A novel bioassay to assess bioactivity of PEG-rhGH using Nb2-11 cells, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this study, we established a novel bioassay to determine the activity of polyethylene glycolated recombinant human growth hormone (PEG-rhGH) using Nb2-11 cells. We performed experimental condition optimization and methodological verification, and then detected the relative potency of PEG-rhGH products using this method. We demonstrated that the bioactivity of PEG-rhGH in promoting Nb2-11 cell proliferation displays a dose-response relationship, which conformed to the four-parameter model. Using PEG-rhGH reference as a control, we analyzed the relative potency of six batches of PEG-rhGH products, as well as linearity, regression and parallelism of the obtained curves. The relative potency of six batches of PEG-rhGH products was 95% to 105%. These results implied that the new bioassay established may be employed in quality control of PEG-rhGH products.

, correspAuthors=Jing LI, Cheng-gang LIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiao-ming ZHANG, Ying HUANG, Lü-yin WANG, Yi LI, Jing LI, Cheng-gang LIANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198624408031036108, articleId=1198624406353314429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=利用Nb2-11细胞建立PEG化重组人生长激素生物学活性测定方法, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究利用Nb2-11细胞, 通过实验条件参数优化和方法学验证, 成功建立了测定聚乙二醇化重组人生长激素(PEG-rhGH) 体外生物学活性分析方法, 并用该方法开展了PEG-rhGH注射液相对效价检测。研究表明, PEG-rhGH与Nb2-11细胞增殖存在量效关系且符合四参数模型, 用该方法检测PEG-rhGH的生物学活性准确度高、精密度好。以PEG-rhGH参比品为对照, 对6批PEG-rhGH注射液进行相对效价测定, 所得曲线线性、回归性和平行性均通过统计学检验, 相对效价在95%~105%。本研究建立的PEG-rhGH生物学活性检测方法, 可用于PEG-rhGH产品的质量控制。

, correspAuthors=李晶, 梁成罡, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*李晶, E-mail: ;
梁成罡, E-mail:
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Chin J Pharm Anal (药物分析杂志), 2014, 34: 1556-1660., articleTitle=Establishment of a general method to determine the protein content of various PEG-rhGHs, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198702063636017157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=31, issue=null, pageStart=e4392, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=Protein Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu X, Kouassi KGW, Vanbever R, et al. Impact of the PEG length and PEGylation site on the structural, thermodynamic, thermal, and proteolytic stability of mono-PEGylated alpha-1 antitrypsin[J]. Protein Sci, 2022, 31: e4392., articleTitle=Impact of the PEG length and PEGylation site on the structural, thermodynamic, thermal, and proteolytic stability of mono-PEGylated alpha-1 antitrypsin, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198702063761846291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, doi=10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00872, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=null, pageStart=8474, pageEnd=8485, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=Langmuir, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang X, Bowman J, Tu S, et al. Polyethylene glycol crowder's effect on enzyme aggregation, thermal stability, and residual catalytic activity[J]. Langmuir, 2021, 37: 8474-8485., articleTitle=Polyethylene glycol crowder's effect on enzyme aggregation, thermal stability, and residual catalytic activity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198702063896064033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, doi=10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.01.040, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=519, issue=null, pageStart=408, pageEnd=417, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=Int J Pharm, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Morgenstern J, Baumann P, Brunner C, et al. Effect of PEG molecular weight and PEGylation degree on the physical stability of PEGylated lysozyme[J]. Int J Pharm, 2017, 519: 408-417., articleTitle=Effect of PEG molecular weight and PEGylation degree on the physical stability of PEGylated lysozyme, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1198702059773063976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, awardId=2022A1, language=CN, fundingSource=中国食品药品检定研究院中青年发展研究基金(2022A1), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198702053028622503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198702053037011113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, companyId=1198702053028622503, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, Beijing 102629, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198702053062176938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, companyId=1198702053028622503, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国食品药品检定研究院, 国家卫生健康委员会生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 北京 102629)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198702053280280760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198702053288669370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, companyId=1198702053280280760, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198702053309640890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, companyId=1198702053280280760, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国药科大学, 江苏 南京 211198)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1198702058485412545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=7CB25PH7Jf7La4bW4pUWow==, figureFileBig=wi8GegzvtC5ToE6a9Jo4Nw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198702058628018899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= Optimization of Nb2-11 cell proliferation assay. Dose-responsive curve was shown after adding different working concentrations of polyethylene glycolated recombinant human growth hormone (PEG-rhGH, A), with different dilution ratio (B), in the presence of different cell numbers per well (C), and incubation for 24, 30 and 36 h respectively (D). RLU: Relative light unit , figureFileSmall=7CB25PH7Jf7La4bW4pUWow==, figureFileBig=wi8GegzvtC5ToE6a9Jo4Nw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198702058799985378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=2XAe1r/6yohOWYlSUTWMAA==, figureFileBig=G1U/B0gQ7d/97Xrn5RexQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198702059039060717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Specificity of Nb2-11 cell proliferation assay. A: Detection of relative potency of heat inactivated PEG-rhGH samples; B: Chromatograms of heat inactivated PEG-rhGH by SEC-HPLC , figureFileSmall=2XAe1r/6yohOWYlSUTWMAA==, figureFileBig=G1U/B0gQ7d/97Xrn5RexQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198702059240387325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample ID Relative potency Statistical result
1 2 3 Average value SD RSD
S1 92.9% 91.7% 99.6% 94.7% 3.5% 3.7%
S2 105.7% 93.7% 104.8% 101.4% 5.5% 5.4%
S3 106.2% 110.4% 92.6% 103.1% 7.6% 7.4%
S4 101.2% 98.7% 96.1% 98.7% 2.1% 2.1%
S5 98.1% 103.6% 95.3% 99.0% 3.4% 3.5%
S6 103.5% 102.2% 97.3% 101.0% 2.7% 2.6%
), ArticleFig(id=1198702059395576586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624406353314429, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Bioactivity analysis results of PEG-rhGH products samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample ID Relative potency Statistical result
1 2 3 Average value SD RSD
S1 92.9% 91.7% 99.6% 94.7% 3.5% 3.7%
S2 105.7% 93.7% 104.8% 101.4% 5.5% 5.4%
S3 106.2% 110.4% 92.6% 103.1% 7.6% 7.4%
S4 101.2% 98.7% 96.1% 98.7% 2.1% 2.1%
S5 98.1% 103.6% 95.3% 99.0% 3.4% 3.5%
S6 103.5% 102.2% 97.3% 101.0% 2.7% 2.6%
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利用Nb2-11细胞建立PEG化重组人生长激素生物学活性测定方法
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张孝明 1 , 黄盈 2 , 王绿音 1 , 李懿 1 , 李晶 1, * , 梁成罡 1, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023,58(3): 773-778
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2023, 58(3): 773-778
利用Nb2-11细胞建立PEG化重组人生长激素生物学活性测定方法
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张孝明1, 黄盈2, 王绿音1, 李懿1, 李晶1, * , 梁成罡1, *
作者信息
  • 1.中国食品药品检定研究院, 国家卫生健康委员会生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 北京 102629
  • 2.中国药科大学, 江苏 南京 211198

通讯作者:

*李晶, E-mail: ;
梁成罡, E-mail:
A novel bioassay to assess bioactivity of PEG-rhGH using Nb2-11 cells
Xiao-ming ZHANG1, Ying HUANG2, Lü-yin WANG1, Yi LI1, Jing LI1, * , Cheng-gang LIANG1, *
Affiliations
  • 1. National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, Beijing 102629, China
  • 2. China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
出版时间: 2023-03-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1107
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本研究利用Nb2-11细胞, 通过实验条件参数优化和方法学验证, 成功建立了测定聚乙二醇化重组人生长激素(PEG-rhGH) 体外生物学活性分析方法, 并用该方法开展了PEG-rhGH注射液相对效价检测。研究表明, PEG-rhGH与Nb2-11细胞增殖存在量效关系且符合四参数模型, 用该方法检测PEG-rhGH的生物学活性准确度高、精密度好。以PEG-rhGH参比品为对照, 对6批PEG-rhGH注射液进行相对效价测定, 所得曲线线性、回归性和平行性均通过统计学检验, 相对效价在95%~105%。本研究建立的PEG-rhGH生物学活性检测方法, 可用于PEG-rhGH产品的质量控制。

聚乙二醇化重组人生长激素  /  生物学活性  /  质量控制  /  方法学验证  /  细胞增殖法

In this study, we established a novel bioassay to determine the activity of polyethylene glycolated recombinant human growth hormone (PEG-rhGH) using Nb2-11 cells. We performed experimental condition optimization and methodological verification, and then detected the relative potency of PEG-rhGH products using this method. We demonstrated that the bioactivity of PEG-rhGH in promoting Nb2-11 cell proliferation displays a dose-response relationship, which conformed to the four-parameter model. Using PEG-rhGH reference as a control, we analyzed the relative potency of six batches of PEG-rhGH products, as well as linearity, regression and parallelism of the obtained curves. The relative potency of six batches of PEG-rhGH products was 95% to 105%. These results implied that the new bioassay established may be employed in quality control of PEG-rhGH products.

polyethylene glycol recombinant human growth hormone  /  bioactivity  /  quality control  /  method validation  /  cell proliferation assay
张孝明, 黄盈, 王绿音, 李懿, 李晶, 梁成罡. 利用Nb2-11细胞建立PEG化重组人生长激素生物学活性测定方法. 药学学报, 2023 , 58 (3) : 773 -778 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1107
Xiao-ming ZHANG, Ying HUANG, Lü-yin WANG, Yi LI, Jing LI, Cheng-gang LIANG. A novel bioassay to assess bioactivity of PEG-rhGH using Nb2-11 cells[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2023 , 58 (3) : 773 -778 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1107
重组人生长激素(recombinant human growth hormone, rhGH) 是通过基因重组技术在体外表达的人生长激素, 是目前国内外治疗矮小症最有效的药物。由于rhGH的半衰期较短, 常规使用需每日注射一次, 患者依从性不佳, 难以实现预期的治疗目标。PEG-rhGH通过共价结合将水溶性大分子聚合物聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol, PEG) 与rhGH偶联得到。偶联的PEG可结合水分子, 使得rhGH体积增加, 从而导致PEG-rhGH被肾脏过滤清除的速度下降, 半衰期显著延长, 因此, PEG-rhGH仅需每周注射一次, 大大提高了患者的依从性和治疗效果。金赛增利用单PEG多位点修饰GH, 是国内首个获批的PEG化长效生长激素。目前我国还有另外两款PEG-rhGH正在研发, 其中一款为Y型分支PEG-rhGH。PEG修饰还使得PEG-rhGH的相对分子量增大且电荷密度降低, 这有利于屏蔽抗原决定簇, 从而降低免疫原性和抗原性, 安全性更高[1, 2]。另外, 偶联的PEG加大了rhGH与其受体之间的空间位阻, 使得PEG-rhGH与其受体的结合力大大降低。研究表明, PEG修饰位点和PEG偶联数目均会影响PEG-rhGH的结构及与受体的结合力[3], 使得能发挥生物学效应的PEG-rhGH浓度显著低于短效rhGH[4, 5], 因此, PEG-rhGH的生物学活性检测是该类药物质量控制的关键要点。
根据已上市PEG-rhGH产品的质量标准, PEG-rhGH原液和注射液的生物学活性检测都需进行体内生物学活性测定, 采用的方法为去垂体大鼠增重法。该方法实验法周期长, 操作熟练度要求高, 需要消耗大量动物。基于细胞的体外分析法具有操作简便, 周期短, 特异性好, 变异度小等优点, 目前正作为体内动物实验法的补充方法, 得到广泛应用。已报道的体外细胞法利用过表达人生长激素受体(human growth hormone receptor, hGHR) 的小鼠骨髓细胞系FDC-P1-hGHR, 在细胞培养基中加入3H-胸腺嘧啶核苷(3H-thymidine, 3H-TdR), 通过检测DNA复制过程中3H-TdR的掺入量反映PEG-rhGH对细胞增殖的促进作用和生物学活性[6, 7]。此方法需要用到放射性同位素检测细胞增殖, 对实验者和环境都有一定的危害。另一种生长激素体外活性检测方法为Nb2-11细胞增殖法。Nb2-11细胞是一种表达催乳素受体的大鼠淋巴瘤细胞, 催乳素和人生长激素均可与催乳素受体结合并促进Nb2-11细胞的增殖, 通过CellTiter-Glo发光活细胞检测系统对ATP定量测定以检测活细胞数目, 从而反映rhGH的生物学活性。该方法具有灵敏度高、误差小、操作便捷等优点, 已被报道用于rhGH类药物活性研究[8, 9], 《美国药典》2021版收录该方法用于考察rhGH原液和注射用rhGH体外生物学活性[10]。到目前为止, 尚未有利用Nb2-11细胞增殖法进行PEG-rhGH生物学活性测定的研究报道。
本文建立了基于Nb2-11细胞增殖的PEG-rhGH生物学活性测定方法, 并按照《中华人民共和国药典》2020版四部通则9401 (以下简称“通则9401”)[11]进行了全面的方法学验证。以PEG-rhGH参比品为对照品进行PEG-rhGH注射液相对效价测定, 结果表明该方法检测PEG-rhGH注射液样品的相对效价重复性高、准确性良好。本研究为PEG-rhGH类药物质量控制和质量监测研究提供了新的方法策略。
仪器   多功能酶标仪(美国PerkinElmer公司, 内置软件版本4.13.3005.1482)。
供试品与试剂   CellTiter-Glo®发光法细胞活力检测试剂盒(Cell Titer-Glo Luminescent Kit, 批号0000504104)、RPMI-1640培养基(批号2276943)、胎牛血清(FBS, 批号2236255CP)、马血清(HS, 批号1763585)、β-巯基乙醇(批号2279505)、L-谷氨酰胺(批号2192423)、磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS, 批号2277093), 以上试剂购自美国Gibco公司。PEG-rhGH参比品(批号210601)、PEG-rhGH注射液(批号031202106057、031201912032、031201911031、2022050196、2022070314、202205019), 本实验室留存, 长春金赛药业。
细胞系及建库方法   Nb2-11细胞株购自欧洲认证细胞培养物收藏中心(ECACC, 批号21D001)。细胞加入完全培养液(含10%胎牛血清、10%马血清、2 mmol·L-1 L-谷氨酰胺和0.05 mmol·L-1 β-巯基乙醇的RPMI-1640培养基) 复苏, 记为P0代细胞。将P0代细胞以每毫升2×104个进行传代培养, 取传代培养得到的P2代细胞与冻存液均匀混合进行冻存并编码, 通过抽样鉴定, 合格的P2代细胞即为主细胞库。复苏上述主细胞库, 并对复苏后的细胞进行2次传代培养, 得到P5代细胞。将P5代细胞与冻存液均匀混合进行冻存并编码, 通过抽样鉴定, 合格的P5代细胞即为工作细胞库。细胞库的构建依照《中华人民共和国药典》2020版三部通则“生物制品生产检定用动物细胞基质制备及质量控制”完成。
PEG-rhGH加热破坏性样品的制备   取PEG-rhGH参比品, 以每支100 μL分装到1.5 mL离心管中, 用封口膜封闭后于60 ℃加热板中分别加热0、3、6、9、24和72 h。
加热后PEG-rhGH样品中聚体含量的凝胶色谱法色谱条件   采用TSKGel 3000 SWxl (300 mm × 7.8 mm) 凝胶色谱柱, 以0.05 mol·L-1的磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钠(pH 7.0) 为流动相, 流速为0.6 mL·min-1, 柱温为30 ℃, 检测波长为280 nm, 进样量为20 μL。
体外生物学活性检测   将对数生长期的Nb2-11细胞用PBS清洗2次后计数, 加入基础培养液(含1%马血清、2 mmol·L-1 L-谷氨酰胺和0.05 mmol·L-1 β-巯基乙醇的RPMI-1640培养基) 调整细胞密度为每毫升1.0×105个。将细胞悬浮液以每孔50 μL加到96孔细胞培养白板中(每孔约5 000个细胞) 备用。将PEG-rhGH参比品和PEG-rhGH注射液样品用基础培养液稀释至1.0 μg·mL-1 (本研究中PEG-rhGH浓度值均为rhGH原型蛋白的含量), 再在透明96孔板中进行3倍梯度稀释, 共稀释9个梯度至0.025 4 ng·mL-1。将稀释好的溶液加入已接种细胞的培养板中, 每孔50 μL, 每个药物浓度加2个复孔(药物作用起始终浓度为0.5 μg·mL-1)。将细胞培养板置于37 ℃, 5% CO2条件下培养30 ± 2 h。培养结束后, 以每孔100 μL向培养板中加入Cell Titer-Glo Luminescent发光底物溶液。将细胞培养板置于微孔板振荡器上, 室温避光振荡混匀15 min, 随后静置15 min, 用酶标仪读取各孔luminescence发光值。
数据分析   参照《中华人民共和国药典》2020版四部通则1431“四参数回归计算法”, 利用SoftMax Pro软件(美国Molecular Devices公司, 软件版本7.1) 分析实验数据, GraphPad Prism (美国GraphPad公司, 软件版本6.01) 软件作图。将样品浓度取以10为底的对数作为横坐标, 对应的发光信号强度(相对光单位, relative light unit, RLU) 几何平均值作为纵坐标, 拟合S形量效反应四参数曲线(误差线代表RLU平均值的标准误差), 利用方差分析和F检验对分析结果进行可靠性测验。可靠性测验要求为: 拟合四参数曲线R2 ≥ 0.98, 回归项应非常显著(P < 0.01), 偏离平行应不显著(P ≥ 0.05)。将通过可靠性测验的结果按下述公式计算相对效价(relative potency): 样品相对效价(%) = PEG-rhGH参比品EC50/待测供试品EC50 × 100%。半数效应浓度(50% of maximal effect, EC50) 为约束模型中对照品和供试品拟合四参数曲线的C值。
方法学验证实验   按照通则9401采用合并设计, 验证方法的相对准确度、中间精密度、线性和范围。取PEG-rhGH参比品, 用基础培养液分别稀释成0.5、0.71、1.0、1.41和2.0 μg·mL-1理论浓度的待测样品, 5种待测样品分别对应50%、71%、100%、141%和200%的相对效价水平, 另外制备一份1.0 μg·mL-1 PEG-rhGH参比品作为对照。上述待测样品分别在透明96-孔板中进行3倍梯度稀释, 共稀释9个梯度。由两名实验人员在4个不同日期进行相对效价检测。
方法相对准确度和线性分析   按照通则9401, 拟合效价理论值和测定值的直线回归方程, 并计算各效价水平相对效价测定值的相对偏倚(RB) 及置信区间(CIRB): RB = (效价测定值/效价理论值-1) × 100%; CIRB = {(anti Ln(LCI)/效价理论值-1) × 100%, [anti Ln(UCI)/效价理论值-1] × 100%}。LCI为各效价水平效价测定值的自然对数平均值的90%置信下限; UCI为各效价水平效价测定值的自然对数平均值的90%置信上限。
方法中间精密度分析   按照通则9401, 计算每个效价水平相对效价测定值的几何标准偏差(GSD) 及几何变异系数(GCV%): GSD = anti Ln(SD), SD为各效价水平效价测定值的对数标准偏差; GCV% = (GSD - 1) × 100%。
回收率样品分析   将PEG-rhGH注射液样品稀释成1 μg·mL-1, 再将样品与1 μg·mL-1 PEG-rhGH参比品按照1∶1等体积混合, 制成回收率样品, 重复3次测定相对效价。按照(回收率样品的相对效价× 2 - 样品的相对效价)/对照品的相对效价× 100%计算回收率。
使用起始浓度分别为5.0、1.67、0.5和0.05 μg·mL-1的PEG-rhGH参比品诱导Nb2-11细胞增殖, 如图 1A所示, 当PEG-rhGH起始浓度在0.5 μg·mL-1时, Nb2-11细胞增殖曲线呈典型的S型, R2为0.995。当起始浓度为5.0或1.67 μg·mL-1时, 曲线不能形成明显的下平台; 起始浓度为0.05 μg·mL-1时, 曲线不能形成明显上平台。因此确定PEG-rhGH的最佳起始浓度为0.5 μg·mL-1。稀释倍数优化结果显示, 仅3倍梯度稀释的PEG-rhGH处理Nb2-11细胞能得到典型S型增殖曲线(图 1B)。细胞密度优化结果显示, 三种不同密度的Nb2-11细胞均能得到典型S型增殖曲线(图 1C)。作用时间优化结果显示, PEG-rhGH处理24、30和36 h均能得到S型增殖曲线, 且随着作用时间的延长, 得到的RLU值和信噪比值均更高(图 1D), 但30 h处理比36 h处理得到曲线R2更高, 因此确定PEG-rhGH处理Nb2-11细胞的最佳孵育时间为30 h。
两名实验人员测定5个效价水平的PEG-rhGH参比品的相对效价。相对效价的几何均值分别为(50.98 ± 3.88)%、(70.87 ± 5.20)%、(99.48 ± 2.10)%、(140.47 ± 5.39)%、(182.79 ± 18.58)%。相对偏倚(RB) 及其90%置信区间分别为1.53% (-3.65%, 1.89%)、-0.62% (-5.32%, 4.32%)、-0.76% (-2.13%, 0.63%)、-0.66% (-2.98%, 1.70%)、-9.31% (-15.40%, -2.77%)。统计学分析表明, 在50%~141%效价内测定的相对效价的相对偏倚符合通则9401相对准确“相对效价测定值的相对偏倚应在±12%范围内”的要求。而200%效价水平的相对偏倚下限为-15.4%, 超出±12%范围。因此, 方法测定PEG-rhGH生物学活性效价范围为50%~141%。此外, PEG-rhGH注射液样品与相同浓度的PEG-rhGH参比品等体积混合配制的回收率样品的相对效价检测显示, 同一批PEG-rhGH注射液样品重复三次检测的回收率为(97.6 ± 4.8)%, RSD小于5%, 表明方法检测PEG-rhGH注射液样品的准确性良好。
根据通则9401, 拟合50%~141%效价理论值自然对数和效价测定值自然对数的直线回归方程, 方程为Y = 0.980 6X - 0.004 6, 相关系数为0.980 2, 符合“直线回归方程的斜率应在0.80~1.25, 相关系数应不低于0.98”的标准要求。
5个效价水平相对效价测定值的GCV%在2.1%~11.0%内, 符合通则9401中间精密度验证“每个效价水平相对效价测定值的GCV%应不大于20%”的要求, 中间精密度良好。
对5个效价水平的相对准确度、线性和中间精密度验证结果显示, 在50%~141%范围内, 方法检测结果符合通则9401要求, 但200%相对效价水平检测结果的相对准确度超出通则9401的限度要求, 因此, 经验证方法的相对效价适用范围为50%~141%。
将PEG-rhGH参比品置于60 ℃分别加热0、3、6、9、24或72 h后, 检测其生物学活性。如图 2A所示, PEG-rhGH的相对效价随着加热时间的延长而降低, 与未加热的参比品相比, 加热后样品相对效价分别为99.5%、87.5%、77.5%、47%、26%、19.5%, 表明此方法可以灵敏地检测PEG-rhGH生物活性破坏样品。凝胶色谱法检测加热后样品的聚体含量发现, 加热后样品的聚体含量分别为0、0.3%、4.1%、6.6%、10.5%、45.6%, 表明60 ℃加热促进PEG-rhGH形成聚体, 可能是促使活性下降的主要原因之一(图 2B)。
以PEG-rhGH参比品为标准品, 利用优化建立的Nb2-11细胞增殖法测定6批PEG-rhGH注射液的生物学活性, 6批样品分别检测3次, 检测结果均通过可靠性测验。6批样品相对效价平均值分别为94.7%、101.4%、103.1%、98.7%、99.0%和101.0%, RSD均小于8% (表 1), 证明方法可用于检测PEG-rhGH注射液样品的体外生物学活性。
PEG-rhGH药物具有良好的应用前景, 是目前重组蛋白药物的重要战略领域。我国于2014年已批准一款PEG化修饰的重组人生长激素, 另有两款PEG-rhGH药物正在进行临床试验[12-15]。PEG修饰药物结构上的复杂性使得该类药物的质量控制存在诸多要点, 如何做好PEG-rhGH类药物生物学活性评价, 确保药物活性的批间一致性, 是该类药物质量控制的关键。
本研究建立了基于Nb2-11细胞增殖的PEG-rhGH体外生物学活性检测法, 通过荧光素酶反应检测活细胞中的ATP的量, 进而反映PEG-rhGH对Nb2-11细胞增殖的促进作用, 方法灵敏度高、操作简便、变异度小, 专属性较好。通过各实验参数优化, 最终选取PEG-rhGH起始作用浓度为0.5 μg·mL-1, 1∶2进行梯度稀释, 每孔接种4 000~6 000个细胞, 药物作用时间选择30 h。本研究所用的PEG-rhGH注射液样品为单PEG多位点修饰rhGH, PEG-rhGH的浓度以rhGH原型蛋白的含量计, 通过凝胶色谱法测定, 以rhGH为对照品根据外标法计算得到[16]。生物活性测定使用相同浓度的PEG-rhGH供试品与PEG-rhGH参比品进行, 测得PEG-rhGH供试品的相对效价在95%~105%, 方法重复性好。
PEG与药物共价结合使得rhGH体积增加, 相对分子量增大, 并且PEG能结合水分子, 从而导致PEG-rhGH被肾脏过滤清除的速度下降, 半衰期显著延长。PEG修饰还使得PEG-rhGH的电荷密度降低, 从而有利于屏蔽抗原决定簇降, 提高安全性。此外, PEG与药物共价结合还可能会改变被修饰药物的结构和稳定性, 研究发现PEG化可以提高或降低被修饰药物的热稳定性, 或对被修饰药物的热稳定性无影响[17, 18]。PEG化的位点及PEG链长度也会对被修饰药物的热稳定性造成不同影响[19]。本研究通过凝胶色谱检测加热后PEG-rhGH样品的聚体含量, 发现60 ℃加热72 h导致PEG-rhGH聚体含量增加到45.6%, 体外生物学活性降低80.5%, 表明加热后形成聚体可能是引起体外生物学活性降低的主要原因之一。用该方法检测加热处理的PEG-rhGH样品的活性, 发现随加热时间的延长活性递减, 表明该方法可用于评价PEG-rhGH生物学活性稳定性变化趋势。本文所述方法为长效rhGH类药物生物活性检测提供了新的方法策略。
作者贡献: 张孝明负责实验设计、完成实验主要内容和文章撰写; 黄盈负责前期实验条件和方法学验证摸索; 王绿音、李懿负责提供技术和材料支持; 李晶、梁成罡负责指导实验设计思路、提出修改意见。
利益冲突: 全体作者均同意最终的文章, 无任何利益冲突。
  • 中国食品药品检定研究院中青年发展研究基金(2022A1)
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1107
  • 接收时间:2022-10-12
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-03-12
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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-12
  • 修回日期:2023-01-27
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中国食品药品检定研究院中青年发展研究基金(2022A1)
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    1.中国食品药品检定研究院, 国家卫生健康委员会生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 北京 102629
    2.中国药科大学, 江苏 南京 211198

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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