Article(id=1193558474773721579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193558470239678932, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0513, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1716825600000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-28, revisedDate=1729267200000, revisedDateStr=2024-10-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762496115630, onlineDateStr=2025-11-07, pubDate=1736611200000, pubDateStr=2025-01-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762496115630, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762496115630, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762496115630, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193558470239678932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='244', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762496114549, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764224942173, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200809698921402865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193558470239678932, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200809698921402866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193558470239678932, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=211, endPage=217, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193558475012796910, articleId=1193558474773721579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Determination of biological activity of teduglutide by a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence method, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this study, we constructed a GLP-2R-HEK293 cell line and established a method for the determination of the in vitro biological activity of teduglutide based on HTRF, after optimizing experimental conditions and methodological verification. We also carried out relative potency detection of teduglutide pharmaceutical products using this method. The result showed that there was a quantitative-efficient relationship between the teduglutide activity and cAMP contents in GLP-2R-HEK293 cells, which conformed to four-parameter model. Method verification results of five concentrations of teduglutide (64%, 80%, 100%, 125% and 156%) met the requirements of the General Rules of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 2020 edition, Volume Ⅳ (9401). We then analyzed the relative potency of three batches of teduglutide drug substances and three batches of drug products. The linearity, regression and parallelism of the obtained curves all fit the system suitability requirements. The relative potency of six batches of teduglutide was from 83% to 105%. In summary, the biological activity detection method established in this study was accurate, precise, simple and time-saving, which can be used for quality control of teduglutide pharmaceutical products.

, correspAuthors=Cheng-gang LIANG, Jing LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiao-ming ZHANG, Ran MA, Li-jing LÜ, Lü-yin WANG, Ping LÜ, Cheng-gang LIANG, Jing LI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1193558642629767995, articleId=1193558474773721579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=均相时间分辨荧光技术测定替度格鲁肽生物学活性, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究成功构建了GLP-2R-HEK293细胞, 通过试验条件参数优化和方法学验证, 建立了基于均相时间分辨荧光免疫分析技术的替度格鲁肽体外生物学活性分析方法, 并用该方法开展了替度格鲁肽原液和注射用替度格鲁肽相对效价检测。研究表明, GLP-2R-HEK293细胞中cAMP含量与替度格鲁肽浓度存在量效关系且符合四参数模型。用该方法检测64%、80%、100%、125%、156%共5个相对效价浓度的替度格鲁肽, 验证结果符合《中华人民共和国药典》2020版四部通则9401的要求。分别对3批替度格鲁肽原液和3批制剂进行相对效价测定, 所得曲线线性、回归性和平行性均通过系统适用性要求, 6批样品的相对效价在83%~105%。本研究建立的替度格鲁肽生物学活性检测方法准确度高、精密度好、操作简便、耗时短, 可用于替度格鲁肽产品的质量控制。

, correspAuthors=梁成罡, 李晶, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*梁成罡, E-mail:
李晶, E-mail:
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#共同第一作者.

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Teduglutide (ALX-0600), a dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ resistant glucagon-like peptide 2 analogue, improves intestinal function in short bowel syndrome patients [J]. Gut, 2005, 54: 1224-1231., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194708186465805267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193558474773721579, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pironi L, Allard JP, Joly F, et al. Use of teduglutide in adults with short bowel syndrome-associated intestinal failure [J]. 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GLP-2R expression analysis with flow cytometry (A); cell function verification with HTRF (B). HTRF: Homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence, Δ<i>F</i>: (<i>A</i><sub>668</sub>/<i>A</i><sub>620</sub>)×10<sup>4</sup>; Clone 1: Monoclonal cell number one; Clone 4: Monoclonal cell number foure; Clone 5: Monoclonal cell number five , figureFileSmall=5SyvP7dghLYlMEjD0T1x9w==, figureFileBig=bOC+fKSNCMeFHXe2C1Saqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194708185551446986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193558474773721579, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=vbI88wkSSbITsvS8JILZuA==, figureFileBig=z8kdIzjffHO3qLeJnFWkFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194708185618555851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193558474773721579, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Optimization of the HTRF assay. Dose-responsive curve of teduglutide at different starting concentrations with 4 times dilution (A); dose-responsive curve of teduglutide with different dilution times at the starting concentration of 120 ng·mL<sup>-1</sup> (B); dose-responsive curve of teduglutide in the presence of different cell numbers (C); dose-responsive curve of teduglutide under different incubation time (D) , figureFileSmall=vbI88wkSSbITsvS8JILZuA==, figureFileBig=z8kdIzjffHO3qLeJnFWkFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194708185710830540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193558474773721579, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=xoz+ltMoh/il1ZKAQ0bSeA==, figureFileBig=Rm1B0GXteLD+wofni5SYow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194708185790522317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193558474773721579, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= Specificity of the HTRF assay. Relative potency of teduglutide samples kept at 37 ℃ for different days (A); chromatograms of teduglutide by RP-HPLC chromatograms (B); enlarged RP-HPLC chromatograms (C); comparison of dose-response of teduglutide with GLP-1 analogues (D) , figureFileSmall=xoz+ltMoh/il1ZKAQ0bSeA==, figureFileBig=Rm1B0GXteLD+wofni5SYow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194708185891185614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193558474773721579, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=CDeiu6ThkyGt/d+ikHPC6Q==, figureFileBig=04uBb8IB3b0Gr2I2hT8KmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194708185945711567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193558474773721579, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Stability detection of GLP-2R-HEK293 cells of different passages , figureFileSmall=CDeiu6ThkyGt/d+ikHPC6Q==, figureFileBig=04uBb8IB3b0Gr2I2hT8KmA==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, 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均相时间分辨荧光技术测定替度格鲁肽生物学活性
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张孝明 1, # , 马蚺 2, # , 吕丽静 3 , 王绿音 1 , 吕萍 1 , 梁成罡 1, * , 李晶 1, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(1): 211-217
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2025, 60(1): 211-217
均相时间分辨荧光技术测定替度格鲁肽生物学活性
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张孝明1, #, 马蚺2, #, 吕丽静3, 王绿音1, 吕萍1, 梁成罡1, * , 李晶1, *
作者信息
  • 1.中国食品药品检定研究院, 药品监管科学全国重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 国家药品监督管理局生物制品质量研究与评价重点实验室, 北京 102629
  • 2.北京石油化工学院, 北京 102617
  • 3.泰安市食品药品检验检测研究院, 泰安市纤维检验所, 山东 泰安 271000

通讯作者:

*梁成罡, E-mail:
李晶, E-mail:
Determination of biological activity of teduglutide by a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence method
Xiao-ming ZHANG1, Ran MA2, Li-jing LÜ3, Lü-yin WANG1, Ping LÜ1, Cheng-gang LIANG1, * , Jing LI1, *
Affiliations
  • 1. National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Beijing 102629, China
  • 2. Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China
  • 3. Taian Institute for Food and Drug Control, Taian Fiber Inspection Institute, Taian 271000, China
出版时间: 2025-01-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0513
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本研究成功构建了GLP-2R-HEK293细胞, 通过试验条件参数优化和方法学验证, 建立了基于均相时间分辨荧光免疫分析技术的替度格鲁肽体外生物学活性分析方法, 并用该方法开展了替度格鲁肽原液和注射用替度格鲁肽相对效价检测。研究表明, GLP-2R-HEK293细胞中cAMP含量与替度格鲁肽浓度存在量效关系且符合四参数模型。用该方法检测64%、80%、100%、125%、156%共5个相对效价浓度的替度格鲁肽, 验证结果符合《中华人民共和国药典》2020版四部通则9401的要求。分别对3批替度格鲁肽原液和3批制剂进行相对效价测定, 所得曲线线性、回归性和平行性均通过系统适用性要求, 6批样品的相对效价在83%~105%。本研究建立的替度格鲁肽生物学活性检测方法准确度高、精密度好、操作简便、耗时短, 可用于替度格鲁肽产品的质量控制。

替度格鲁肽  /  生物学活性  /  质量控制  /  方法学验证  /  均相时间分辨荧光免疫分析技术

In this study, we constructed a GLP-2R-HEK293 cell line and established a method for the determination of the in vitro biological activity of teduglutide based on HTRF, after optimizing experimental conditions and methodological verification. We also carried out relative potency detection of teduglutide pharmaceutical products using this method. The result showed that there was a quantitative-efficient relationship between the teduglutide activity and cAMP contents in GLP-2R-HEK293 cells, which conformed to four-parameter model. Method verification results of five concentrations of teduglutide (64%, 80%, 100%, 125% and 156%) met the requirements of the General Rules of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 2020 edition, Volume Ⅳ (9401). We then analyzed the relative potency of three batches of teduglutide drug substances and three batches of drug products. The linearity, regression and parallelism of the obtained curves all fit the system suitability requirements. The relative potency of six batches of teduglutide was from 83% to 105%. In summary, the biological activity detection method established in this study was accurate, precise, simple and time-saving, which can be used for quality control of teduglutide pharmaceutical products.

teduglutide  /  bioactivity  /  quality control  /  method validation  /  homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence
张孝明, 马蚺, 吕丽静, 王绿音, 吕萍, 梁成罡, 李晶. 均相时间分辨荧光技术测定替度格鲁肽生物学活性. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (1) : 211 -217 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0513
Xiao-ming ZHANG, Ran MA, Li-jing LÜ, Lü-yin WANG, Ping LÜ, Cheng-gang LIANG, Jing LI. Determination of biological activity of teduglutide by a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence method[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (1) : 211 -217 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0513
胰高血糖素样肽-2 (glucagon-like peptide-2, GLP-2) 是一种重要的肠激素, 由肠道内分泌L细胞合成并分泌, 能够调节肠上皮细胞的生长和功能, 对人体的营养吸收至关重要。替度格鲁肽(teduglutide) 是目前首个也是唯一模仿GLP-2的创新药物, 作为孤儿药最早于2012年在欧盟获批, 随后在美国、日本相继获批, 2024年2月在我国上市[1]。临床上, 替度格鲁肽主要用于治疗1岁及以上患者的短肠综合征(short bowel syndrome, SBS)。SBS是一种严重的慢性罕见病, 又被称为“肠道衰竭”, 该病患者肠道功能下降或完全丧失, 不能维持身体的营养需求和正常生长需求。研究发现, 替度格鲁肽能促进肠道代偿, 帮助短肠患者摆脱或减少静脉营养束缚, 改善患者生活质量[2, 3]
GLP-2由33个氨基酸组成, 由前胰高血糖素原基因编码, 并由前激素转化酶进行翻译后加工而成。在体内GLP-2的半衰期只有7 min, 其代谢主要是通过肾脏清除和由二肽基肽酶Ⅳ (dipeptidyl peptidase-4, DPP-4) 水解氨基末端前两个残基形成无活性的GLP-2 (3-33)。与天然GLP-2一样, 替度格鲁肽也由33个氨基酸组成, 但是第2位的丙氨酸被替换成了甘氨酸, 降低了DPP-4的降解作用, 从而使其半衰期延长至1.3 h[4, 5]。替度格鲁肽发挥生物学功能首先需要与GLP-2受体(GLP-2 receptor, GLP-2R) 结合, GLP-2R属于B类G蛋白偶联受体(G protein-coupled receptors, GPCR) 亚家族, 最新研究表明GLP-2R具有与其他B类GPCR亚家族成员相似的激活模式, 同时还有特异的GLP-2结合区域[6]。替度格鲁肽与GLP-2R结合后促使细胞中环磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP) 水平增高, 进一步将激活cAMP-蛋白激酶A (protein kinase A, PKA) 等信号通路, GLP-2类似物药物研发中往往也将cAMP的升高水平作为判定药效的关键指标。
生物学活性是生物技术药物的关键质量属性, 与产品的临床疗效密切相关。动物试验表明, 替度格鲁肽具有促进小肠绒毛高度和阴窝深度的生物学功能。但体内动物试验需要建立大鼠SBS模型, 切除大鼠约75%的小肠, 保留空肠近端约10 cm, 回肠末端约10 cm。动物模型的建立对操作熟练度要求高, 而且存在个体差异大等不足[7, 8], 因此不适合用于替度格鲁肽的放行检验。基于细胞的活性测定方法, 具有操作简便、变异度小、检验成本低等优点, 正被广泛开发用于生物技术药物活性测定的补充甚至替代方法。常见的基于细胞的活性测定方法有检测药物与受体结合上游效应的免疫分析法, 检测信号分子浓度等中间效应的多种竞争结合定量分析法, 检测下游基因表达的激活等下游效应的报告基因法, 及检测药物对细胞整体表型效应的方法。
均相时间分辨荧光(homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence, HTRF) 技术检测细胞中cAMP, 具有灵敏度高、信号稳定、变异度小、耗时短等优点, 正被大力开发用于生物制品活性测定。HTRF的原理是基于细胞中产生的cAMP与小分子荧光探针d2标记的cAMP竞争性结合抗cAMP抗体。抗cAMP抗体标记有铕和钛形成的穴状化合物(能量供体), 在320 nm的激发光下, 能量供体的荧光基团发出波长为620 nm的荧光信号, 而当能量供体与d2 (能量受体) 形成复合物, 二者的距离被拉近, 光子从被激发的能量供体荧光基团转移至能量受体荧光基团, 进而发出波长为665 nm的荧光, 此荧光值与细胞内的cAMP水平呈负相关。HTRF法无需常规酶联免疫吸附实验洗板操作, 反应液荧光值稳定且不受培养基、血清等的干扰。建立基于HTRF的替度格鲁肽活性测定方法不仅将解决替度格鲁肽体外活性测定方法的可及性, 还将提高检验检测效率, 为相关品种的上市审评审批做好技术储备。
本研究构建了稳定表达GLP-2R的HEK293细胞, 建立了基于HTRF技术的替度格鲁肽体外生物学活性质控方法。该方法快速简便、灵敏度高、耐用性强, 可用于替度格鲁肽生物学活性评价及放行检验。
仪器   多功能酶标仪(美国Molecular Devices公司, 内置Softmax Pro 7.1软件); GraphPad Prism软件(美国GraphPad公司, 软件版本8.01); Attune NxT流式细胞仪(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); TC-20全自动细胞计数仪(美国Bio-Rad公司); MTS 2/4微孔板振荡器(德国IKA公司); LC-20A液相色谱仪(日本岛津公司)。
供试品与试剂   HEK293细胞株购自美国菌种保藏中心(ATCC), DMEM高糖培养基(货号11995065, 批号2898684)、胎牛血清(FBS, 批号2236255CP)、磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS, 批号2277093) 均购自美国Gibco公司。博莱霉素(zeocin, 批号2671993) 购自美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司。替度格鲁肽对照品(批号G15340B111)、注射用替度格鲁肽(批号T2111A、T2112A、T2113A)、替度格鲁肽原液(批号D58987、D57738、D58963)、维派那肽(PB-119, 批号2208040461)、苏帕鲁肽(supaglutide, 批号IP166DPX20221110A1) 和替尔泊肽(tirzepatide, 批号D541149D) 均来自本实验室留样。cAMP检测试剂盒(62AM4PEB, 内含cAMP-cAMP Gs Dynamic & Gi Standard, cAMP d2, anti-cAMP-Cryptate, Stimulation buffer 1 (5×)、lysis & detect buffer, 批号34A) 购自Rewity公司。Acme-packaging病毒包装试剂盒(货号GE-19001-20) 购自东岭生物技术公司。3-异丁基-1-甲基黄嘌呤(3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine; isobutylmethylxanthine, IBMX, 批号15879) 购自Sigma公司。
试剂配制   完全培养基: DMEM高糖培养基+ 10% FBS + 200 μg·mL-1 zeocin; 样品稀液/分析培养基: DMEM高糖培养基+ 10% FBS + 0.3 mmol·L-1 IBMX, 临用前配制。
细胞构建   将GLP-2R基因通过Spe I和Sal I两个克隆位点构建到pLU-cmv-Zeo载体上, 随后扩增并纯化质粒, 用病毒包装试剂盒及pLU-cmv-GLP-2R-Zeo质粒包装慢病毒后感染HEK293T细胞, 然后用200 μg·mL-1 zeocin对细胞进行筛选得到稳定转染细胞, 通过有限稀释法得到单克隆细胞株。将细胞株命名为GLP-2R-HEK293, 由本实验室保存。最后通过流式细胞分析GLP-2R在细胞表面的表达, 确定阳性单克隆细胞。
生物学活性检测方法   将替度格鲁肽对照品或供试品用分析培养基制成浓度为120 ng·mL-1的溶液, 再用分析培养基向下进行4倍系列稀释, 共得到10个浓度的溶液。取对数生长期的GLP-2R-HEK293细胞用PBS洗一遍后, 加入0.25%的胰酶, 置于37 ℃培养箱消化3 min, 随后加入分析培养基终止消化, 1 000 r·min-1离心细胞5 min后用分析培养基重悬细胞, 细胞计数后调整细胞密度为每毫升1.2× 106个, 以每孔20 μL接种细胞到96孔半量白板中。将稀释后的替度格鲁肽溶液以每孔20 μL加入接种有细胞的96孔半量白板中, 每个浓度溶液加两个复孔。将反应板以300 r·min-1离心30 s, 随后在25 ± 2 ℃孵育30 ± 8 min。孵育结束后以每孔40 μL加入新鲜制备的检测抗体混合物(含anti-cAMP-Cryptate 4 μL, cAMP-d2 4 μL及cAMP lysis buffer 32 μL), 室温孵育60 ± 9 min。采用多功能酶标仪, 设置激发波长314 nm, 读取发射波长620 nm (扣除570 nm)、668 nm (扣除630 nm) 处的荧光信号值。
数据分析   参照2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》 (以下简称《中国药典》) 四部通则1431“四参数回归计算法”, 利用SoftMax Pro软件分析试验数据, GraphPad Prism 8.0软件作图。将替度格鲁肽样品浓度取以10为底的对数作为横坐标, 以ΔF (A668 nm/A620 nm×104) 为纵坐标, 绘制四参数剂量-效应曲线(误差线代表ΔF平均值的标准误差)。曲线方程为y = (A-D)/[1+(x/C)B]+D, A为曲线上渐近线值, C为半数有效浓度(EC50), D为曲线下渐近线值, 上下渐近线比(A/D) 应不小于3。每个稀释度下两复孔ΔF值的RSD%应不小于20%。利用方差分析和F检验对分析结果进行可靠性测验。可靠性测验要求为: 拟合四参数曲线R2 ≥ 0.98, 回归项应非常显著(P < 0.01), 偏离平行应不显著(P ≥ 0.01)。将通过可靠性测验的结果按下述公式计算相对效价(relative potency): 样品相对效价(%) = EC50标准品/EC50样品×100%, 其中EC50为约束模型中对照品和供试品拟合四参数曲线的C值。
统计学分析    实验数据经GraphPad Prism 8.0软件统计处理, 通过F检验分析回归方程的显著性, P < 0.05认为直线呈显著回归。S曲线所有的点的结果均为各浓度下两复孔ΔF平均值±标准差。
实验参数优化    取对数生长期的GLP-2R-HEK293细胞, 用分析培养基调整细胞密度分别为每毫升12.0×105、8.0×105、6.5×105个, 分别接种于96孔半量白板中, 按照上述检测方法进行活性测定, 确定最佳细胞铺板密度; 将替度格鲁肽对照品分别稀释至140、120、100、80 ng·mL-1的初始浓度, 分别进行4倍系列稀释后测定, 将替度格鲁肽对照品稀释至120 ng·mL-1的初始浓度, 再分别进行4、5、6倍系列稀释后测定, 比较不同初始浓度、稀释倍数的拟合曲线, 确定最优药物作用浓度; 设置25、30、35、40 min四个不同的药物孵育时间, 按上述检测方法测定, 选择最佳药物孵育时间。
相对准确度、线性、中间精密度和范围验证   按照《中国药典》通则9401采用合并设计, 验证方法的相对准确度、中间精密度、线性和范围。由两名实验人员在3个不同日期进行相对效价检测。取替度格鲁肽对照品, 制备一份120 ng·mL-1替度格鲁肽对照品作为参比, 用分析培养基将替度格鲁肽对照品分别稀释成76.8、96、120、150、187.2 ng·mL-1系列浓度的待测样品, 5种待测样品与120 ng·mL-1的参比品相比, 分别对应的相对效价水平为64%、80%、100%、125%和156%。上述待测样品分别在透明96孔板中进行4倍梯度稀释, 共稀释9个梯度。按照优化后的实验条件进行活性测定。按照《中国药典》通则9401进行验证结果分析, 拟合效价理论值和测定值的直线回归方程, 以各效价水平相对效价测定值的相对偏倚及直线回归方程的斜率评价相对准确度, 各效价水平相对效价测定值的几何变异系数(GCV) 评价中间精密度, 以直线回归方程的相关系数R2评价线性, 最后报告相对准确度、中间精密度和线性均符合要求的效价水平范围。
专属性验证   胰高血糖素样肽-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1) 是另一种重要的胰高血糖素原衍生的肠道激素, 也是代谢性疾病的重要药物靶点。GLP-2-GLP-2R-Gs和GLP-1-GLP-1R-Gs的电子显微结构比较表明, 尽管两种受体的胞外结构有显著差异, 但两种受体的细胞内部分除两个胞内环ICL2和ICL3外其余部分重叠非常好[6]。为验证新建HTRF法对GLP-2类似物具有专属性, 而不响应GLP-1类似物的刺激, 本研究选取了3种GLP-1类似物药物进行试验, 验证该方法的样品专属性。
破坏性实验    取替度格鲁肽原液样品, 以每支500 μL分装到1.5 mL离心管中, 用封口膜封闭后于37 ℃加热板中分别放置0、1、3、5、8和10 d。对处理后的样品进行相对效价测定, 验证方法专属性。
含量测定    采用高效液相色谱法检测37 ℃放置不同时间后替度格鲁肽主成分的含量变化。色谱条件: 采用XBridge Peptide BEH C18, 300 A, 5 μm (4.6 mm × 250 mm) 色谱柱, 以含0.1%三氟乙酸的水溶液和含0.1%三氟乙酸的乙腈为流动相, 流速为1.0 mL·min-1, 柱温为25 ℃, 检测波长为214 nm, 进样量为50 μL。
质粒构建并包装病毒感染HEK293细胞后, 经过加药筛选和有限稀释法得到3株单克隆细胞。流式细胞分析表明GLP-2R在3株细胞膜上表达率均超过94%, 其中1号单克隆表达GLP-2R水平最高, 为97.9%, 结果如图 1A所示。将3个细胞株分别以每毫升7.0×105个的细胞密度铺板, 测定同一份样品的生物学活性, 如图 1B所示, 3个细胞株对替度格鲁肽刺激均有量效反应, 随着替度格鲁肽浓度的增加细胞产生的cAMP增加, 竞争性结合抗cAMP抗体的能力增强, ΔF荧光比值随之减弱。3个细胞株四参数模型拟合的S曲线上下渐近线比值均大于3。其中, 1号单克隆对替度格鲁肽的响应能力最强, 曲线上下渐近线比值为5.5, 与流式检测到的GLP-2R在1号单克隆中表达水平最高一致。因此, 后续实验均选用1号GLP-2R-HEK293单克隆细胞。
使用初始浓度分别为140、120、100和80 ng·mL-1替度格鲁肽对照品刺激GLP-2R-HEK293细胞, 如图 2A所示, 当替度格鲁肽初始浓度为120 ng·mL-1时, GLP-2R-HEK293细胞量效反应曲线呈典型的S型, R2为0.997。当初始浓度为100或80 ng·mL-1时, 曲线不能形成明显的上平台。因此确定替度格鲁肽的最佳初始浓度为120 ng·mL-1。稀释倍数优化结果如图 2B所示, 仅4倍梯度稀释的替度格鲁肽刺激GLP-2R-HEK293细胞能得到典型S型曲线。细胞密度优化结果显示, 三种密度的细胞均能得到典型S型曲线, 细胞密度为每毫升12.0×105时, R2最高为0.996 (图 2C)。孵育时间优化结果显示, 替度格鲁肽刺激细胞25、30、35和40 min均能得到S型增殖曲线, 且得到的ΔF荧光比值和上下渐进线之比均无显著差异(图 2D)。因此, 确定替度格鲁肽刺激GLP-2R-HEK293细胞的最佳孵育时间为30 ± 8 min。
统计学分析两名实验人员测定5个效价水平的替度格鲁肽对照品的相对效价结果表明, 相对效价的几何均值分别为(64.945 ± 2.270)%、(77.703 ± 3.380)%、(99.613 ± 3.850)%、(121.487 ± 6.105)%、(152.735 ± 7.111)%。相对偏倚及其90%置信区间分别为1.426% (-1.190%, 4.111%)、-2.946% (-6.022%, 0.230%)、-0.450% (-3.339%, 2.525%)、-2.914% (-6.539%, 0.853%)、-2.183% (-5.581%, 1.339%)。拟合效价理论值自然对数和效价测定值自然对数的线性回归方程为Y = 0.984X - 0.006, 相关系数为0.981, 斜率接近1。F检验验证直线回归方程的回归效果, P < 0.000 1, 回归方程线性关系显著, 表明方法相对准确度和线性较好。每个效价水平6次实验的相对效价测定值几何变异系数在3.228%~4.736%, 均小于10%, 表明方法中间精密度良好。在64%~156%内, 方法检测结果符合通则9401要求, 因此, 经验证方法的相对效价适用范围为64%~156%。
将1批替度格鲁肽原液置于37 ℃放置1、3、5、8或10 d后, 检测其生物学活性。如图 3A所示, 与未处理的参比品相比, 处理后样品相对效价随处理时间的延长而降低, 分别为96.134%、95.057%、74.139%、38.506%和35.830%, 表明此方法可以灵敏地检测替度格鲁肽生物活性破坏样品。反相色谱法检测替度格鲁肽含量发现, 尽管37 ℃放置1或3 d的样品中替度格鲁肽含量与未处理的相比无显著差别, 但放置5、8或10 d的样品中主峰含量分别降为92.573%、84.607%、77.243%。如图 3B、C所示, 主峰前后有关物质并无显著增加, 以上结果表明主成分含量下降可能是促使活性下降的原因之一。此外, GLP-1类似物维派那肽、苏帕鲁肽、替尔泊肽应用本方法检测均无反应性, 如图 3D所示, 表明方法专属性良好。
图 4比较了3个代次的GLP-2R-HEK293细胞(P11、P18、P25) 测定替度格鲁肽生物活性的能力, 3个代次的细胞均能得到剂量效应曲线, 且各曲线上下平台的点分布均匀, 所得曲线的上下渐近线比值接近, 分别为5.246、5.252、4.986, EC50值依次为0.151、0.161、0.202, 表明GLP-2R-HEK293细胞具备足够的稳定性。
以替度格鲁肽对照品为参比品, 利用新建的HTRF法测定3批注射用替度格鲁肽和3批替度格鲁肽原液的生物学活性, 检测结果均通过可靠性测验。3批原液样品相对效价分别为83.246%、89.983%和104.724%, 3批注射用样品相对效价分别为97.426%、103.940%和104.536%。取其中一批原液样品重复测定3次研究方法的重复性, 测得相对效价相对标准偏差为9.226%, 表明该方法检测替度格鲁肽药物的体外生物学活性重复性良好。
替度格鲁肽是我国目前批准的首个治疗短肠综合征的GLP-2类似物, 此外还有多款GLP-2类似物在研[9], 进展最快的是glepaglutide[10], 已向美国FDA提交上市申请。此外还有apraglutide正在进行临床Ⅲ期试验[11], elsiglutide正在进行临床Ⅱ期试验[12]。开展GLP-2类似物药物生物学活性检测新技术新方法研究, 是该类药物质量控制的关键, 也是做好药品审评审批技术支撑的必然要求。
本研究建立了检测替度格鲁肽体外生物学活性的HTRF法, 通过竞争性免疫法检测细胞中cAMP的量, 反映替度格鲁肽对GLP-2R的激活作用。经过药物量效范围、靶细胞铺板密度、刺激时间这3个关键参数优化后, 最终选取替度格鲁肽起始作用浓度为120 ng·mL-1, 梯度稀释倍数为4倍, 细胞接种密度每孔约为24 000个, 药物作用时间为30 ± 8 min。方法验证结果表明新建方法在64%~156%的浓度内线性良好, 相对准确度高, 且中间精密度良好。新建方法操作简便且变异度小, 可用于替度格鲁肽质量控制及放行检验。
替度格鲁肽于37 ℃放置5 d后活性开始显著下降, 放置8和10 d后活性分别降低为38.506%和35.830%。反相高效色谱检测替度格鲁肽样品主成分的含量, 发现37 ℃放置8和10 d分别导致替度格鲁肽主成分含量降低约20%, 表明主成分含量降低可能是引起体外生物学活性降低的主要原因之一, 而生物活性测定与理化测定相比能更灵敏地反映样品稳定性, 表明该方法可用于替度格鲁肽稳定性研究。37 ℃放置后引起的替度格鲁肽其他理化性质的改变还有待进一步试验验证。此外, 除了已上市替度格鲁肽之外, 在研的GLP-2类似物也均靶向GLP-2R, 且均能引起细胞内cAMP水平升高[10, 12, 13], 因此推测本文所述方法对在研GLP-2类似物的生物活性研究具有潜在应用价值, 可作为GLP-2类似物研发中生物活性检测的参考方法。
作者贡献: 张孝明负责实验设计、完成实验和文章撰写; 马蚺完成实验和数据分析; 吕丽静、王绿音、吕萍负责提供技术和材料支持; 梁成罡、李晶负责指导实验设计思路、提出修改意见。
利益冲突: 全体作者均同意最终的文章, 无任何利益冲突。
  • 2024年度中国食品药品检定研究院化学药品检定所重点实验室课题(2024HYZX15)
  • 药品监管科学全国重点实验室第一批课题(2023SKLDRS0108)
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0513
  • 接收时间:2024-05-28
  • 首发时间:2025-11-07
  • 出版时间:2025-01-12
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-28
  • 修回日期:2024-10-19
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2024年度中国食品药品检定研究院化学药品检定所重点实验室课题(2024HYZX15)
药品监管科学全国重点实验室第一批课题(2023SKLDRS0108)
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    1.中国食品药品检定研究院, 药品监管科学全国重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 国家药品监督管理局生物制品质量研究与评价重点实验室, 北京 102629
    2.北京石油化工学院, 北京 102617
    3.泰安市食品药品检验检测研究院, 泰安市纤维检验所, 山东 泰安 271000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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