Article(id=1193523101590843735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193523095437799732, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1117, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1731254400000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-11, revisedDate=1734019200000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762487682005, onlineDateStr=2025-11-07, pubDate=1739289600000, pubDateStr=2025-02-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762487682005, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762487682005, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762487682005, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193523095437799732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='2', pageStart='245', pageEnd='532', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762487680538, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764224912893, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200809576107987438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193523095437799732, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200809576107987439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193523095437799732, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=417, endPage=426, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193523101821530456, articleId=1193523101590843735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Pharmacological effects of Yindan Pinggan capsules in treating intrahepatic cholestasis, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of Yindan Pinggan capsules (YDPG) on intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) through animal experiments, while utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques to explore its potential mechanisms. Initially, the therapeutic effect of YDPG on an α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced IHC mouse model was assessed through liver function tests, routine blood tests, and liver pathology analysis. Subsequently, network pharmacology tools were employed to predict the active components, core targets, and signaling pathways of YDPG. Molecular docking technology was employed to verify the binding activity of key active components of YDPG with core targets, followed by protein immunoblotting to validate the key targets. Results showed that YDPG significantly improved liver function abnormalities and hepatocyte damage in IHC mice. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that 94 active components in YDPG were associated with 396 targets for the treatment of IHC, and were significantly enriched in pathways such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, lipid metabolism, and bile secretion. Molecular docking results showed good binding activity between key active components of YDPG and core targets of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Further protein immunoblotting confirmed that YDPG could reduce the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT proteins, core targets of the PI3K-AKT pathway in liver tissue. These findings suggest that YDPG may alleviate biological processes such as oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by regulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, thereby improving liver damage in IHC mice and exerting a therapeutic effect on IHC. This experiment has been approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Jinan University (ethical approval number: IACUC-20241011-09).

, correspAuthors=Fang WU, Rong-rong HE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Shu-xin CAO, Feng HUANG, Fang WU, Rong-rong HE), CN=ArticleExt(id=1193523781143589331, articleId=1193523101590843735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=茵胆平肝胶囊治疗肝内胆汁淤积症的药效作用研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究旨在通过动物实验探究茵胆平肝胶囊(Yindan Pinggan capsules, YDPG) 对肝内胆汁淤积症(intrahepatic cholestasis, IHC) 的治疗效果, 结合网络药理学和分子对接技术挖掘其潜在作用机制并验证。首先通过动物实验评估YDPG对α-萘基异硫氰酸酯(α-naphthylisothiocyanate, ANIT) 诱导的小鼠IHC模型的治疗效果, 包括肝功能检测、血常规检测和肝脏病理分析。进一步采用网络药理学工具预测YDPG的有效成分、核心靶点和信号通路, 再以分子对接技术辅助验证YDPG中关键活性成分与核心靶点的结合活性, 最后采用蛋白免疫印迹法对关键靶标进行验证。发现YDPG能显著改善IHC小鼠的肝功能异常和肝细胞损伤, 网络药理学分析结果显示YDPG中94个药物活性成分关联到396个IHC的疾病治疗靶点, 并且显著富集于磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶-蛋白激酶B (PI3K-AKT) 信号通路、脂质代谢和胆汁分泌等通路, 分子对接结果显示YDPG关键活性组分与PI3K-AKT通路核心靶点均有较好的结合活性, 进一步的蛋白免疫印迹法验证了YDPG能够降低肝组织中PI3K-AKT通路核心靶点PI3K、AKT蛋白的磷酸化水平。上述结果提示, YDPG可能通过调控PI3K-AKT信号通路缓解氧化应激和炎症反应等生物过程, 从而改善IHC小鼠的肝损伤, 发挥对IHC的治疗作用。本实验已获暨南大学动物实验伦理委员会批准(伦理审批号: IACUC-20241011-09)。

, correspAuthors=吴方, 何蓉蓉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*吴方, E-mail:
何蓉蓉, E-mail:
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2. Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Disease Susceptibility and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Internationalization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pharmacological Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
4. Ministry of Education International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Innovative Drugs, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1194709541054025935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, authorId=1194709540877865161, language=CN, stringName=曹舒心, firstName=舒心, middleName=null, lastName=曹, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1.云南中医药大学中药学院, 云南 昆明 650500
2.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心/中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
3.暨南大学药学院, 广东省中药药效物质基础及创新药物研究重点实验室, 广东 广州 510632
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Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Disease Susceptibility and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Internationalization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pharmacological Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
4. Ministry of Education International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Innovative Drugs, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
5. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Second People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1194709541494427868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, authorId=1194709541326655702, language=CN, stringName=吴方, firstName=方, middleName=null, lastName=吴, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, 4, 5, *, address=2.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心/中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
3.暨南大学药学院, 广东省中药药效物质基础及创新药物研究重点实验室, 广东 广州 510632
4.暨南大学, 教育部中药与创新药物研究国际合作联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
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Ministry of Education International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Innovative Drugs, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194709540743647428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, companyId=1194709540722675905, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.暨南大学, 教育部中药与创新药物研究国际合作联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194709540802367685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194709540806561990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, companyId=1194709540802367685, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Second People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194709540814950599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, companyId=1194709540802367685, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.广东省第二人民医院心脏重症科, 广东 广州 510317)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1194709543683854578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=GF8h5YGevJtPQn1BhZGQVA==, figureFileBig=YINl3nEp7xeB5K4s1r0gHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709543746769139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= The impact of Yindan Pinggan capsules (YDPG) on body weight, liver function and kidney function in intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) mice. A: Weight change rate; B: Liver/body weight ratio; C: Kidney/body weight ratio; D: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level in serum; E: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level in serum; F: Total bile acids (TBA) level in serum; G: Total bilirubin (TBIL) level in serum; H: Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in liver; I: TBA level in liver. Model: Induction of model by gavage with 100 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup> <i>α</i>-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) in olive oil solution; YDPG-L: 0.78 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>; YDPG-H: 1.56 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>. <i>n</i> = 5, <span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black"><i>x</i></span>±<i>s</i>. <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> model group. ns: Not significant , figureFileSmall=GF8h5YGevJtPQn1BhZGQVA==, figureFileBig=YINl3nEp7xeB5K4s1r0gHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709543826460916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=gN5Ww0fc4QXOQTbV3rFo/g==, figureFileBig=F2MWDPAH4BgMiTxOWcCpNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709543880986869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= YDPG improves blood routine indicators in IHC mice. A: Number of neutrophils (NEU); B: Proportion of NEU; C: Red blood cell (RBC) count; D: Hemoglobin (HGB) count. <i>n</i> = 5, <span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black"><i>x</i></span>±<i>s</i>. <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=gN5Ww0fc4QXOQTbV3rFo/g==, figureFileBig=F2MWDPAH4BgMiTxOWcCpNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709543935512822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=bEnAFAaF0B0o+6uj0WH0TQ==, figureFileBig=UwB3Hnh1g65ixrf9l60kzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709543994233079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= YDPG improves the pathological state of hepatobiliary tissues in IHC mice. A: Morphology of mouse liver and gallbladder tissue; B: H&E staining results of mouse liver. Areas of severe liver necrosis and hyperplastic bile duct cytoderm were marked by arrows. Scale bars, 100 μm; C: Quantitative analysis of hepatocyte necrosis in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-staining of mice in each group. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black"><i>x</i></span>±<i>s</i>. <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=bEnAFAaF0B0o+6uj0WH0TQ==, figureFileBig=UwB3Hnh1g65ixrf9l60kzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544052953336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=SjnbzUmcFCrIbm6rMvZa6Q==, figureFileBig=oaEfJRUUxMHKdmbvrswvCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544141033721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= The impact of YDPG on the inflammatory level of liver tissue in IHC mice.A: Relative <i>Il</i>-<i>1β</i> mRNA expression; B: Relative <i>Tnf</i>-<i>α</i> mRNA expression. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black"><i>x</i></span>±<i>s</i>. <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=SjnbzUmcFCrIbm6rMvZa6Q==, figureFileBig=oaEfJRUUxMHKdmbvrswvCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544195559674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=0Di33eT83FGFY5+IDc3MKQ==, figureFileBig=pPOOOHG2+YV97FkTSdSusg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544250085627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Network diagram of "drug-component-target-disease". The purple octagon represents YDPG, green rhombuses represent medicinal ingredients, blue circles represent co-matching points, and red hexagons represent diseases , figureFileSmall=0Di33eT83FGFY5+IDc3MKQ==, figureFileBig=pPOOOHG2+YV97FkTSdSusg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544317194492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=MNiQXKaNhPcuCVPzBWY/SQ==, figureFileBig=2j6OvpjCgykW0Pcl/QWPug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544375914749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis. A: GO analysis of YDPG capsules for treatment of IHC; B: KEGG analysis of YDPG capsules for treatment of IHC , figureFileSmall=MNiQXKaNhPcuCVPzBWY/SQ==, figureFileBig=2j6OvpjCgykW0Pcl/QWPug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544434635006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=kXuH8N+2LhBoptzjP5UKIQ==, figureFileBig=kJc5p3MnSYm3HtHNsnjhfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544505938175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption= Core targets based on PPI topology analysis (top 30) , figureFileSmall=kXuH8N+2LhBoptzjP5UKIQ==, figureFileBig=kJc5p3MnSYm3HtHNsnjhfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544568852736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=ySL3FxPjdRZT8kHRjyYO8w==, figureFileBig=suWYX16quc8aUZzL1YzFEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544627572993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption= Molecular docking diagram of the main active components with the core target protein AKT1. A: 3D binding conformation of AKT1 and stigmasterol; B: 3D binding conformation of AKT1 and demethoxycapillarisin; C: 3D binding conformation of AKT1 and isorhamnetin; D: 3D binding conformation of AKT1 and quercetin , figureFileSmall=ySL3FxPjdRZT8kHRjyYO8w==, figureFileBig=suWYX16quc8aUZzL1YzFEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544749207810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=AJeNWOfsmNI3ZN41f6k9eA==, figureFileBig=ttIc7RMcZSlUNmKyps0bfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544812122371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Figure 9, caption= The impact of YDPG on the expression of proteins involved in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in liver tissue of IHC mice. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black"><i>x</i></span>±<i>s</i>. <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>###</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=AJeNWOfsmNI3ZN41f6k9eA==, figureFileBig=ttIc7RMcZSlUNmKyps0bfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709544870842628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Gene Species Sepuence (5'-3')
Il-1β Mouse Forward primer TGGACCTTCCAGGATGAGGACA
Reverse primer GTTCATCTCGGAGCCTGTAGTG
Tnf-α Mouse Forward primer GGTGCCTATGTCTCAGCCTCTT
Reverse primer GCCATAGAACTGATGAGAGGGAG
β-Actin Mouse Forward primer GGCTGTATTCCCCTCCATCG
Reverse primer CCAGTTGGTAACAATGCCATGT
), ArticleFig(id=1194709544929562885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101590843735, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

The primer sequences for real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Gene Species Sepuence (5'-3')
Il-1β Mouse Forward primer TGGACCTTCCAGGATGAGGACA
Reverse primer GTTCATCTCGGAGCCTGTAGTG
Tnf-α Mouse Forward primer GGTGCCTATGTCTCAGCCTCTT
Reverse primer GCCATAGAACTGATGAGAGGGAG
β-Actin Mouse Forward primer GGCTGTATTCCCCTCCATCG
Reverse primer CCAGTTGGTAACAATGCCATGT
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茵胆平肝胶囊治疗肝内胆汁淤积症的药效作用研究
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曹舒心 1, 2, 3, 4 , 黄丰 1 , 吴方 2, 3, 4, 5, * , 何蓉蓉 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(2): 417-426
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2025, 60(2): 417-426
茵胆平肝胶囊治疗肝内胆汁淤积症的药效作用研究
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曹舒心1, 2, 3, 4, 黄丰1, 吴方2, 3, 4, 5, * , 何蓉蓉1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *
作者信息
  • 1.云南中医药大学中药学院, 云南 昆明 650500
  • 2.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心/中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
  • 3.暨南大学药学院, 广东省中药药效物质基础及创新药物研究重点实验室, 广东 广州 510632
  • 4.暨南大学, 教育部中药与创新药物研究国际合作联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
  • 5.广东省第二人民医院心脏重症科, 广东 广州 510317

通讯作者:

*吴方, E-mail:
何蓉蓉, E-mail:
Pharmacological effects of Yindan Pinggan capsules in treating intrahepatic cholestasis
Shu-xin CAO1, 2, 3, 4, Feng HUANG1, Fang WU2, 3, 4, 5, * , Rong-rong HE1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
  • 2. Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Disease Susceptibility and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Internationalization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • 3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pharmacological Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • 4. Ministry of Education International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Innovative Drugs, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • 5. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Second People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
出版时间: 2025-02-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1117
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本研究旨在通过动物实验探究茵胆平肝胶囊(Yindan Pinggan capsules, YDPG) 对肝内胆汁淤积症(intrahepatic cholestasis, IHC) 的治疗效果, 结合网络药理学和分子对接技术挖掘其潜在作用机制并验证。首先通过动物实验评估YDPG对α-萘基异硫氰酸酯(α-naphthylisothiocyanate, ANIT) 诱导的小鼠IHC模型的治疗效果, 包括肝功能检测、血常规检测和肝脏病理分析。进一步采用网络药理学工具预测YDPG的有效成分、核心靶点和信号通路, 再以分子对接技术辅助验证YDPG中关键活性成分与核心靶点的结合活性, 最后采用蛋白免疫印迹法对关键靶标进行验证。发现YDPG能显著改善IHC小鼠的肝功能异常和肝细胞损伤, 网络药理学分析结果显示YDPG中94个药物活性成分关联到396个IHC的疾病治疗靶点, 并且显著富集于磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶-蛋白激酶B (PI3K-AKT) 信号通路、脂质代谢和胆汁分泌等通路, 分子对接结果显示YDPG关键活性组分与PI3K-AKT通路核心靶点均有较好的结合活性, 进一步的蛋白免疫印迹法验证了YDPG能够降低肝组织中PI3K-AKT通路核心靶点PI3K、AKT蛋白的磷酸化水平。上述结果提示, YDPG可能通过调控PI3K-AKT信号通路缓解氧化应激和炎症反应等生物过程, 从而改善IHC小鼠的肝损伤, 发挥对IHC的治疗作用。本实验已获暨南大学动物实验伦理委员会批准(伦理审批号: IACUC-20241011-09)。

茵胆平肝胶囊  /  肝内胆汁淤积症  /  网络药理学  /  PI3K-AKT信号通路  /  清热利湿  /  炎症反应

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of Yindan Pinggan capsules (YDPG) on intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) through animal experiments, while utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques to explore its potential mechanisms. Initially, the therapeutic effect of YDPG on an α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced IHC mouse model was assessed through liver function tests, routine blood tests, and liver pathology analysis. Subsequently, network pharmacology tools were employed to predict the active components, core targets, and signaling pathways of YDPG. Molecular docking technology was employed to verify the binding activity of key active components of YDPG with core targets, followed by protein immunoblotting to validate the key targets. Results showed that YDPG significantly improved liver function abnormalities and hepatocyte damage in IHC mice. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that 94 active components in YDPG were associated with 396 targets for the treatment of IHC, and were significantly enriched in pathways such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, lipid metabolism, and bile secretion. Molecular docking results showed good binding activity between key active components of YDPG and core targets of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Further protein immunoblotting confirmed that YDPG could reduce the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT proteins, core targets of the PI3K-AKT pathway in liver tissue. These findings suggest that YDPG may alleviate biological processes such as oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by regulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, thereby improving liver damage in IHC mice and exerting a therapeutic effect on IHC. This experiment has been approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Jinan University (ethical approval number: IACUC-20241011-09).

Yindan Pinggan capsules  /  intrahepatic cholestasis  /  network pharmacology  /  PI3K-AKT signaling pathway  /  clearing heat and promoting dampness  /  inflammatory response
曹舒心, 黄丰, 吴方, 何蓉蓉. 茵胆平肝胶囊治疗肝内胆汁淤积症的药效作用研究. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (2) : 417 -426 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1117
Shu-xin CAO, Feng HUANG, Fang WU, Rong-rong HE. Pharmacological effects of Yindan Pinggan capsules in treating intrahepatic cholestasis[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (2) : 417 -426 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1117
胆汁淤积症是指胆汁合成缺陷、排泌异常, 以及肝内外胆管中胆汁流动的机械性或功能性障碍, 继而使得胆汁成分入血所致的临床症状, 主要表现为黄疸、瘙痒和疲劳[1]。胆汁淤积患者体内疏水性胆汁盐和其他胆汁成分在肝细胞和胆汁毛细血管中长期积累, 诱导炎症因子的激活、坏死、凋亡和纤维化[2]。胆汁淤积根据发生部位可分为肝内胆汁淤积(intrahepatic cholestasis, IHC) 和肝外胆汁淤积。IHC的病因主要包括自身免疫性疾病、激素因素以及环境影响, 如自身免疫性胆管炎[3]、受孕[4]、药物[5]和酒精[6]等。在中医学中, 胆汁淤积属于黄疸范畴, 中医浊毒理论认为, 浊毒伏肝是肝内胆汁淤积型黄疸的重要病因, 浊毒之邪泛指体内一切秽浊之邪, 凡风寒暑湿燥火, 酒毒、药毒及疫毒久聚不散, 与体内痰湿、瘀血、气郁不解均可化浊, 浊聚成毒, 而成浊毒[7]。肝为人体中最重要的解毒器官, 如浊毒之邪长居体内, 其最易蓄积肝内[8], 造成肝脏功能失调及肝损伤。
茵胆平肝胶囊(Yindan Pinggan capsules, YDPG) 是福建名医黄归元老先生的临床经验方, 由茵陈、龙胆、黄芩、猪胆粉、栀子、炒白芍、当归、甘草组成。该方配伍相宜, 组方精炼, 有突出的清热利湿功效, 主要用于肝胆湿热所致的胁痛、口苦、尿黄、身目发黄等黄疸体征[9]。YDPG在临床上主要用于治疗乙型肝炎[10]、病毒性肝炎[11]、酒精性肝病[12]、胆囊炎[13]等肝胆系统疾病。此外, YDPG也用于联合其他药物治疗酒精性肝纤维化[14]、慢性胆囊炎[15]、慢性乙型肝炎肝内胆汁淤积[16]、酒精性肝病[17]等, 临床研究结果表明YDPG具有显著的治疗效果, 尤其在抗炎、缓解黄疸症状、利胆保肝方面。
本研究通过IHC动物模型的药效实验结合网络药理学、分子对接技术, 探讨YDPG治疗IHC的药效作用及潜在机制, 为其临床应用提供依据。
实验动物  实验用5周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠, 购于南方医科大学实验动物中心, 实验动物许可证编号: SCXK (粤) 2021-0041。饲养温度为25 ± 2 ℃, 相对湿度为50% ± 5%, 12 h明暗交替环境, 标准饲料和水喂养。小鼠适应性喂养1周后进行实验。实验方案及程序均符合动物使用和护理的伦理原则, 并已获暨南大学动物实验伦理委员会批准(伦理审批号: IACUC-20241011-09)。
药物与试剂  茵胆平肝胶囊, 批号2205046, 漳州片仔癀药业有限公司生产; α-萘基异硫氰酸酯(ANIT, 纯度: GC ≥ 98%, 上海麦克林, N814658-5g); 水飞蓟素(silymarin, Sigma公司, 货号S0292); 总胆汁酸(total bile acids, TBA, 南京建成生物工程研究所, E003-2-1); 谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase, ALT) 和谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase, AST) 测试盒(BC1555, BC1565) 购自北京索莱宝科技有限公司; 5×loading buffer (FD002)、β-actin抗体(FD0060)、ECL显色试剂盒(FD8020) 购自杭州弗德生物科技有限公司; 羊抗兔二抗(L3012)、羊抗鼠二抗(L3032) 购自SAB公司; 磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K) 抗体(Abcam公司, Ab191606); p-PI3K (4228S)、蛋白激酶B (AKT) (4691S)、p-AKT (4060S) 购自Cell Signaling Technology公司; 丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA, S0131S) 检测试剂盒、RIPA裂解液(P0013B) 购自上海碧云天生物科技有限公司; 4%多聚甲醛(Biosharp公司, BL539A); BCA蛋白定量试剂盒(Thermo Fisher Scientific公司, SLZ60212); 总胆红素(total bilirubin, TBIL, 江苏酶免实业有限公司, MM-43776M); 反转录试剂盒和SYBR Green Mix (货号AQ141-01) 购自北京全式金生物技术有限公司。
仪器  电子天平(德国Sartorius公司, BS224S); 高速低温离心机(德国Sigma公司, 3K15); 多功能酶标仪(美国Labsystem公司, Mk-3); 石蜡切片机(德国Leica公司, RM2255); 恒温金属浴(上海一恒科技有限公司, TU-100C); 全自动样品快速研磨仪(上海净信科技有限公司, JXFSTPRP-24); 电泳仪(北京六一生物科技有限公司, DYY-6C); 扫描显微镜(德国Precipoint公司, Precipoint M8); 化学发光成像系统(上海天能科技有限公司, Tanon 5200)。
IHC小鼠模型的建立、分组及给药  本次实验采用SPF级5周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠30只, 随机分为对照组、模型组、YDPG低剂量组(YDPG-L)、YDPG高剂量组(YDPG-H)、阳性药组(水飞蓟素, Sily), 每组6只。低剂量组给予临床2倍剂量YDPG (0.78 g·kg-1), 高剂量组给予临床4倍剂量YDPG (1.56 g·kg-1), 药物采用0.5% CMC-Na溶解, 现配现用。对照组及模型组给予同体积的0.5% CMC-Na溶剂, 阳性对照组Sily剂量为300 mg·kg-1[18]。本实验连续给药7天, 在第8天给药5 h后, 对照组灌胃给予橄榄油, 其余4组灌胃100 mg·kg-1 ANIT橄榄油溶液进行造模, 第9天正常给药, 第10天取材。
血清生化指标检测  实验结束采用异氟烷麻醉小鼠后取血, 4 ℃、3 000 r·min-1离心20 min, 获得血清并将其保存在-80 ℃冰箱中供后续分析。
肝脏组织相关检测  取10 mg的肝脏组织, 按重量(g)∶体积(mL) 为1∶9的比例加入0.9%生理盐水, 冰水浴匀浆破碎, 3 500 r·min-1离心10 min后, 取上清供后续MDA和TBA检测。
组织病理学观察  取小鼠肝组织一部分置于4%多聚甲醛中固定, 脱水、石蜡包埋、切片后进行H&E染色, 扫片机拍照观察各组小鼠肝脏组织病理变化。每组3个样本, 每个样本随机选取5个视野, 以视野中坏死区域评分作半定量分析并计算其均值, 用于评估肝组织损伤程度。
qRT-PCR检测  称取小鼠肝脏组织约20 mg进行裂解, 按照试剂盒的方法提取小鼠肝脏组织样本中总RNA, 定量并检测样品RNA浓度。将提取的RNA按照逆转录试剂盒步骤逆转录成cDNA, 使用实时定量PCR系统(qRT-PCR) 进行扩增, 以β-actin作为内参基因对各基因进行归一化处理, 使用2-∆∆Ct法计算基因的相对表达量。qRT-PCR引物如下表 1
Western blot检测  称取小鼠肝脏组织约30 mg, 用RIPA强效裂解液提取总蛋白, 使用BCA试剂盒测定蛋白浓度。与上样缓冲液混合、蛋白变性, 30 μg蛋白上样, 进行SDS-PAGE电泳, 湿法转膜60 min。抗体配制比例如下: p-PI3K、PI3K、p-AKT、AKT兔单克隆抗体(1∶1 000) 和β-actin鼠单克隆抗体(1∶5 000)。用Image J软件对图像进行分析, 结果以目的蛋白与内参蛋白β-actin的光密度比值表示。
YDPG活性成分的筛选与靶点预测  通过中药系统药理学数据库分析平台TCMSP (https://tcmspw.com/tcmsp.php) 和中医药整合药理学研究平台TCMIP (http://www.tcmip.cn/) 获取YDPG茵陈、龙胆、黄芩、猪胆粉、栀子、白芍(炒)、当归、甘草8味中药所含有的化合物, 对获得的化合物进行ADME筛选[吸收(absorption)、分布(distribution)、代谢(metabolism)、排泄(extraction)], 并根据口服利用度(OB) ≥ 30%、类药性(DL) ≥ 0.18[19]标准进一步筛选, 以确定活性化合物。使用Swiss Target Prediction (http://www.swisstargetprediction.ch/) 数据库预测筛选后活性化合物可能的作用靶点, 通过文献调研, 进一步确认具有明确生物学功能的药效活性成分及其靶点信息。
IHC相关靶点筛选  临床中引起肝内胆汁淤积的原因有胆道肿瘤、胆结石或者胆管炎症等。通过使用GeneCards数据库(https://www.genecards.org/)、OMIM数据库(http://www.omim.org)、TTD数据库(http://bidd.nus.edu.sg/group/ejttd/) 筛选“cholestatic jaundice” (胆汁淤积)、“biliary tract tumor” (胆道肿瘤)、“gallstone” (胆结石)、“cholangitis” (胆管炎症)、“obstructive jaundice” (梗阻黄疸) 疾病的靶点, 合并重复靶点后, 得到与IHC相关的靶基因。
“中药-活性成分-共同靶点”网络及共同靶点蛋白互作(PPI)网络构建  利用微生信(https://www.bioinformatics.com.cn/) 平台将IHC疾病相关靶点基因与YDPG药物靶点基因取交集, 并绘制韦恩图, 获得YDPG治疗IHC的潜在作用靶点。将已收集到的YDPG主要成分以及治疗IHC的靶点数据导入Cytoscape 3.10.1软件, 构建“中药-活性成分-共同靶点”网络。在STRING蛋白互作网络分析数据库(https://string-db.org) 输入交集靶点, 生物种类选为“Homo sapiens”, 构建PPI网络模型。同时利用Cytoscape 3.10.1软件对蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络图进行可视化处理, 再运用其Network analyzer功能对蛋白互作网络进行拓扑分析, 得到共同靶点的degree值相关信息。
交集靶点富集分析  将共同靶点输入DAVID数据库(https://david.ncifcrf.gov/) 进行GO功能注释及KEGG通路富集分析, 同时以P < 0.05、count = 2为筛选标准, 分别导出生物过程(biological processes, BP)、细胞组分(cellular component, CC)、分子功能(molecular functions, MF) 及KEGG通路富集分析相关数据。利用微生信平台构建BP、CC、MF前10位条形图, 并对GO和KEGG通路富集结果进行展示。
分子对接验证  将筛选得到的关键成分及核心靶点利用AutoDockTools-1.5.7进行分子对接。药物小分子配体3D结构在PubChem数据库(http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) 下载, 靶点蛋白的晶体结构形式在PDB (https://www.rcsb.org/) 数据库下载, 蛋白结构的去配体、去水等修饰由PyMOL 3.0.3软件完成。
统计学方法  本实验涉及的所有数据均采用平均数±标准差形式表示。采用GraphPad Prism 9.0软件进行统计分析, 多组间比较采用单因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA), P < 0.05表示差异具有统计学意义。
给药期间各组小鼠体重均无显著性差异(图 1A); 与空白对照组相比, IHC模型组小鼠肝脏及肾脏指数均显著升高, 提示ANIT对小鼠肝肾的损伤作用, 而YDPG高剂量组可显著改善这种异常变化(图 1BC)。此外, 模型组小鼠血清中AST、ALT、TBA、TBIL和肝脏MDA、TBA水平均显著上升, 进一步说明ANIT诱导小鼠肝细胞功能损伤; 与模型组比较, YDPG高剂量组能有效降低IHC小鼠血清ALT、AST、TBA、TBIL和肝脏MDA、TBA水平(图 1D~I)。表明YDPG能有效改善IHC小鼠的肝功能异常并减轻肝肾损伤程度。
血常规检查是评估血液健康状况的重要手段, 由于胆汁淤积可能影响维生素B12和叶酸的吸收, 因此IHC患者可能出现贫血, 表现为血红蛋白和红细胞数目降低, 且在胆汁淤积的情况下, 胆汁酸等物质可能刺激免疫系统, 导致中性粒细胞增多[20]。本研究发现, IHC小鼠与空白对照组相比, 中性粒细胞(neutrophils, NEU) 数目及比例过高, 血红蛋白(hemoglobin, HGB) 和红细胞(red blood cell, RBC) 数目降低, YDPG高剂量组能有效降低IHC小鼠血清中性粒细胞数目及比例, 升高血红蛋白和红细胞数目。表明YDPG能恢复IHC小鼠因胆汁淤积引起的血液异常指标(图 2)。
IHC小鼠肝脏呈现出点状坏死样, 胆囊明显肿大且颜色呈墨绿色, 肝组织H&E染色显示肝细胞少许灶性坏死和炎症, 轻度界面炎, 毛细胆管、肝细胞、胆小管均有淤胆。高剂量YDPG能有效改善IHC小鼠肝细胞炎症、胆小管胆汁淤积等症状(图 3)。
与空白对照组小鼠相比, 模型组小鼠肝脏组织中Il-Tnf-α基因相对表达水平升高; 与模型组比较, 高剂量YDPG可显著降低小鼠Il-Tnf-α基因相对表达水平(图 4)。表明高剂量YDPG能有效降低IHC小鼠肝脏炎症因子的mRNA表达水平。
为了进一步探究YDPG治疗IHC的作用靶点, 本研究采用网络药理学方法预测YDPG的有效成分、核心靶点和信号通路。最终确定了94个活性成分, 通过Swiss Target Prediction数据库进行筛选并去重整合后得到396个YDPG的药物靶点。使用GeneCards、OMIM、TTD数据库, 获得3 192个疾病靶点。将药物、疾病靶点输入微生信平台绘制韦恩图, 最终获得182个共同靶点。将共同靶点导入Cytoscape 3.10.1中, 删除无交集成分, 绘制出“中药活性成分-疾病-共同靶点”网络图(图 5)。
对182个共同靶点进行GO和KEGG分析, 发现YDPG改善IHC主要影响PI3K-AKT信号通路、脂质代谢和胆汁分泌等途径, 提示其可能通过抗炎、抗氧化、免疫调节和代谢调节等途径改善IHC (图 6)。
将182个共同靶点输入STRING数据库, 构建PPI网络, 并将相互作用信息导入Cytoscape 3.10.1软件中, 对PPI网络图进行可视化后选择前30个目标靶点用微生信在线平台作图, 结果表明其核心靶点是SRC、HSP90AA1、PIK3CA、PIK3R1、AKT1、ESR1、PRKCA等(图 7)。
为了更全面地探讨YDPG中潜在活性成分对于重要信号通路PI3K-AKT的影响, 选择排名靠前的潜在活性成分异鼠李素(茵陈)、刺槐素(黄芩)、龙胆根素(龙胆)、去甲氧基茵陈色原酮(茵陈)、槲皮素(茵陈、栀子、当归)、圣草酚(黄芩)、豆甾醇(栀子、当归) 与PI3K-AKT信号通路中关键靶标蛋白AKT1进行分子对接研究。一般结合能 < 0 kJ·mol-1可自发结合, 结合能 < -7.0 kJ·mol-1提示有强烈的结合活性[21]。分子对接结果显示, 豆甾醇(stigmasterol)、去甲氧基茵陈色原酮(demethoxycapillarisin)、异鼠李素(isorhamnetin)、槲皮素(quercetin) 均与关键靶蛋白AKT1的结合活性较强(图 8)。
网络药理学结果表明, PI3K-AKT通路可能是YDPG抗IHC的核心靶标, 因此进一步采用Western blot检测ANIT干预后IHC小鼠肝组织中PI3K-AKT通路相关蛋白的表达。结果表明, IHC小鼠PI3K和AKT蛋白的磷酸化水平均显著升高, 与空白对照组比较, YDPG各剂量组均能显著降低PI3K和AKT蛋白的磷酸化水平(图 9)。提示YDPG可能通过抑制PI3K-AKT信号通路的激活进而发挥抗IHC作用。
肝内胆汁淤积是一种由肝内和全身胆汁酸蓄积引起的肝毒性的临床综合征。胆汁淤积的发病机制主要涉及炎症、胆汁酸转运蛋白的失调和氧化应激[22]。目前熊去氧胆酸是大多数胆汁淤积性肝病的基本治疗方法, 但对于约三分之一的原发性胆管炎患者及所有原发性硬化性胆管炎患者而言, 该治疗方式可能带来疾病进展的风险。胆汁药和胆汁酸合成抑制剂可能会增加对原发性胆汁性胆管炎和原发性硬化性胆管炎患者治疗的反应率[23]。中医药在治疗IHC方面具有独特的优势。中医认为, 胆汁淤积多与肝气郁滞、湿热内蕴有关, 治当以清热利湿为法[24], 因此调理胆汁淤积以疏肝解郁、清热利湿为主要方法。YDPG组方精妙、疗效确切, 临床上已证实其具有清热利湿、退黄保肝的显著效果[25], 但其药效物质基础及作用机制尚未完全阐明。
基于此, 本研究建立了ANIT诱导的小鼠IHC模型, 以评估YDPG对于IHC疾病的治疗效果。结果发现YDPG改善了小鼠ANIT模型的肝功能和组织病理状况, 降低了血清中的AST、ALT、TBA和TBIL水平, 表明其可能通过恢复肝细胞功能来缓解肝内胆汁淤积。此外, 肝脏病理学结果也证实了YDPG能够显著减轻IHC小鼠的肝细胞损伤、坏死及炎性浸润。
在明确YDPG治疗IHC的药效作用基础上, 本研究进一步采用网络药理学方法构建了“中药活性成分-疾病-共同靶点”网络, 筛选得到6个YDPG治疗IHC的重要潜在活性成分, 包括异鼠李素、刺槐素、龙胆根素、槲皮素、豆甾醇、山柰酚。其中, 异鼠李素具有显著的抗氧化作用[26], 刺槐素作为天然黄酮类药物, 具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎等作用[27], 龙胆根素可以抗炎、保肝、抗肿瘤、抗氧化等[28], 槲皮素可降低急性肝损伤中ALT和AST水平[29], 豆甾醇可以抑制肝脂肪基因表达[30], 山柰酚可以抑制炎症反应[31]。通过PPI网络构建及核心靶点分析, 本研究揭示了SRC、HSP90AA1、PIK3CA、PIK3R1、AKT1、ESR1、PRKCA等可能是YDPG治疗IHC的核心靶点。进一步分子对接实验结果表明, YDPG中的潜在活性成分豆甾醇、去甲氧基茵陈色原酮、异鼠李素、槲皮素与AKT1靶点有较高的结合活性, 可能在YDPG对IHC的治疗中发挥关键作用。KEGG富集分析结果表明, YDPG治疗IHC的靶点显著富集于PI3K-AKT、脂质代谢和动脉粥样硬化、胆汁分泌等通路。其中, PI3K-AKT是生物体中重要的信号通路之一, 参与多种生命活动的调节, 在胆汁酸代谢相关疾病中发挥关键作用, PI3K-AKT和MAPK通路的激活可引起肝内胆汁淤积[32]。此外, 作为PI3K-AKT下游激酶的GSK-3β, 参与多种疾病状态的发展, 包括炎症、氧化应激[33]和纤维化疾病, 能够加剧肝脏炎症和纤维化的发展。这些研究提示, PI3K-AKT信号通路可能是YDPG治疗IHC的关键靶点。
基于以上研究结果, 本研究采用蛋白免疫印迹法确证了YDPG对于IHC小鼠PI3K-AKT信号通路中关键蛋白的显著调控作用。提示YDPG可能通过调节PI3K-AKT信号通路, 减轻ANIT诱导的肝细胞损伤和炎症反应, 进而发挥改善IHC的效果。尽管如此, PI3K-AKT信号通路下游激酶的变化情况及其对肝脏炎症和胆汁淤积进程的潜在影响尚未明确。未来的研究需要进一步深入探讨这些下游激酶的变化, 以及它们如何影响肝脏炎症反应和胆汁淤积的发展, 从而为阐明YDPG的作用机制提供更全面的科学依据。
综上所述, YDPG通过多成分、多靶点、多通路的作用机制, 可能为IHC的治疗提供了一种有效的策略。未来的研究可以进一步探索YDPG中活性成分的具体作用机制, 以及这些成分如何协同作用于IHC的治疗。这些研究有望为YDPG的临床应用提供更确切的数据支持。
作者贡献: 曹舒心负责整体实验研究、数据分析统计和论文撰写; 黄丰和吴方参与实验方案设计指导、论文修改; 何蓉蓉负责指导实验设计、提供研究经费和平台支持。
利益冲突: 所有作者声明无任何利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(T2341004)
  • 广东省第二人民医院“托举工程”专项基金项目(TJGC-2022014)
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1117
  • 接收时间:2024-11-11
  • 首发时间:2025-11-07
  • 出版时间:2025-02-12
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-11
  • 修回日期:2024-12-13
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(T2341004)
广东省第二人民医院“托举工程”专项基金项目(TJGC-2022014)
作者信息
    1.云南中医药大学中药学院, 云南 昆明 650500
    2.暨南大学, 广东省疾病易感性及中医药研发工程技术研究中心/中医药国际化研究粤港澳高校联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
    3.暨南大学药学院, 广东省中药药效物质基础及创新药物研究重点实验室, 广东 广州 510632
    4.暨南大学, 教育部中药与创新药物研究国际合作联合实验室, 广东 广州 510632
    5.广东省第二人民医院心脏重症科, 广东 广州 510317

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
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genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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