Article(id=1193259088961307469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193259081696772901, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1727193600000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-25, revisedDate=1735056000000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-25, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762424736490, onlineDateStr=2025-11-06, pubDate=1741708800000, pubDateStr=2025-03-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762424736490, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762424736490, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762424736490, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193259081696772901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='3', pageStart='533', pageEnd='842', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762424734756, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764224876724, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200809424412602670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193259081696772901, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200809424412602671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193259081696772901, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=809, endPage=816, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193259089670144848, articleId=1193259088961307469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Prescription process and in vitro study of transdermal patch and microneedle combination formulation of progesterone, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To prepare a progesterone pressure-sensitive gel patch combined with a microneedle to enhance drug release, HPLC was used to determine the preparation's progesterone content. One-way and orthogonal experiments were used to optimize the patch's prescription. Adhesion, sensory evaluation, cumulative release, and cumulative penetration were used as evaluation indices. Three microneedles with varying needle heights were made using 3D printing, and the cumulative penetration of the patch and microneedles was calculated and compared with the patch alone. The orthogonal experiments showed that the optimal prescription for the patches was Duro-Tak 87-2677 pressure-sensitive adhesive (87.5%), tributyl citrate (2%), isopropyl myristate (5%), dibutylated hydroxytoluene (0.5%), and drug (5%). The patches were prepared according to the optimized prescription, resulting in good patch formability and adhesion. In the transdermal penetration test, the cumulative penetration of the patch was 52.35 ± 7.88 μg·cm-2 at 24 h, and the cumulative penetration of the patch in combination with 500, 750, and 1 000 μm microneedles was 226.01 ± 7.46, 278.78 ± 6.59, 422.95 ± 16.81 μg·cm-2, respectively. The experiment was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Xinjiang Medical University (IACUC-20220725-8). The optimal patch prescription was screened through one-way and orthogonal experiments, and the transdermal penetration effect of patch and microneedle combination preparation was better than that of single use, which can effectively increase the in vitro transdermal penetration of the drug, and the above study provides a theoretical basis for the application of transdermal patches of progesterone.

, correspAuthors=Mei WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Can LIU, Hong-ji HE, Wen-jun SU, Jia-min HUANG, Xue DONG, Qi SHEN, Mei WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1193259179566662603, articleId=1193259088961307469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=黄体酮透皮贴剂和微针组合制剂的处方工艺和体外性质研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文旨在制备黄体酮压敏胶贴剂与微针组合制剂, 优化处方, 并考察其药物释放量。采用HPLC检测制剂中黄体酮含量, 通过单因素实验和正交实验, 以感官评价、黏附性、累积释放量、累积渗透量等为评价指标, 优选出贴剂最佳处方, 并用3D打印方法制备3种不同针高的微针, 将贴剂与微针组合测定其累积渗透量, 并与单纯贴剂进行对比。正交实验结果表明, 贴剂最优处方为Duro-Tak 87-2677压敏胶(87.5%)、柠檬酸三丁酯(2%)、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(5%)、二丁基羟基甲苯(0.5%), 黄体酮含量(5%)。工艺验证结果表明, 按照优化处方制备的贴剂成形性、黏附性良好。在经皮渗透试验中, 24 h时空白组的累积渗透量为52.35 ± 7.88 μg·cm-2, 处方贴剂的累积渗透量为200.17 ± 6.15 μg·cm-2, 与500、750、1 000 μm微针组合贴剂的累积渗透量分别为226.01 ± 7.46、278.78 ± 6.59、422.95 ± 16.81 μg·cm-2。动物实验经新疆医科大学实验动物伦理委员会批准(伦理批号: IACUC-20220725-8)。通过单因素实验和正交实验, 筛选出最优贴剂处方, 且贴剂与微针组合制剂的透皮渗透效果比单用更好, 能有效增加了药物体外经皮渗透。以上研究为黄体酮透皮贴剂的应用提供了理论依据。

, correspAuthors=王梅, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*王梅, Tel: 86-991-4312411, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2025, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=A/XAyM46NFZl/fjg1CIS7Q==, magXml=XZbIIc46WPiCGesanIliMg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=As4x7pV/VKRmhA5IxtHpwg==, pdfFileSize=1307555, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=zg8lfT+rowjyTDrxqlav1w==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=SZG3cHsPXhgoza3tT4O+Iw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

#共同第一作者.

, authorsList=刘灿, 贺宏吉, 苏文君, 黄佳敏, 董雪, 沈琪, 王梅)}, authors=[Author(id=1194703785403585459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1194703785495860149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703785403585459, language=EN, stringName=Can LIU, firstName=Can, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1194703785562969014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703785403585459, language=CN, stringName=刘灿, firstName=灿, middleName=null, lastName=刘, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, #, address=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194703784988349349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703784996737958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785009320871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)])]), Author(id=1194703785646855096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1194703785701381050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703785646855096, language=EN, stringName=Hong-ji HE, firstName=Hong-ji, middleName=null, lastName=HE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2. Karamay Food and Drug Inspection Institute, Kelamayi 834000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1194703785776878523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703785646855096, language=CN, stringName=贺宏吉, firstName=宏吉, middleName=null, lastName=贺, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, #, address=2.新疆克拉玛依市食品药品检验所, 新疆 克拉玛依 834000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194703785114178472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785118372777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785114178472, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Karamay Food and Drug Inspection Institute, Kelamayi 834000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785126761386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785114178472, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.新疆克拉玛依市食品药品检验所, 新疆 克拉玛依 834000)])]), Author(id=1194703785835598781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1194703785902707647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703785835598781, language=EN, stringName=Wen-jun SU, firstName=Wen-jun, middleName=null, lastName=SU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1194703785961427904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703785835598781, language=CN, stringName=苏文君, firstName=文君, middleName=null, lastName=苏, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194703784988349349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703784996737958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785009320871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)])]), Author(id=1194703786024342466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1194703786099839940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703786024342466, language=EN, stringName=Jia-min HUANG, firstName=Jia-min, middleName=null, lastName=HUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1194703786175337413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703786024342466, language=CN, stringName=黄佳敏, firstName=佳敏, middleName=null, lastName=黄, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194703784988349349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703784996737958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785009320871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)])]), Author(id=1194703786234057671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1194703786305360841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703786234057671, language=EN, stringName=Xue DONG, firstName=Xue, middleName=null, lastName=DONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1194703786376664010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703786234057671, language=CN, stringName=董雪, firstName=雪, middleName=null, lastName=董, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194703784988349349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703784996737958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785009320871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)])]), Author(id=1194703786439578572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1194703786607350736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703786439578572, language=EN, stringName=Qi SHEN, firstName=Qi, middleName=null, lastName=SHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 3, 4, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
3. Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China
4. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1194703786674459601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703786439578572, language=CN, stringName=沈琪, firstName=琪, middleName=null, lastName=沈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 3, 4, address=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
3.新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
4.新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194703784988349349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703784996737958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785009320871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194703785210647467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785219036076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785210647467, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785227424685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785210647467, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194703785336476591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785344865200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785336476591, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785349059506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785336476591, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)])]), Author(id=1194703786737374163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=wm630@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1194703786829648855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703786737374163, language=EN, stringName=Mei WANG, firstName=Mei, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 3, 4, *, address=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
3. Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China
4. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1194703786888369112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, authorId=1194703786737374163, language=CN, stringName=王梅, firstName=梅, middleName=null, lastName=王, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 3, 4, *, address=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
3.新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
4.新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194703784988349349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703784996737958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785009320871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194703785210647467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785219036076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785210647467, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785227424685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785210647467, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194703785336476591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785344865200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785336476591, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785349059506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785336476591, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1194703788037608410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=progesterone), Keyword(id=1194703788201186267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=patch), Keyword(id=1194703788385735644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=microneedle), Keyword(id=1194703788478010333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=extracorporeal penetration), Keyword(id=1194703788654171102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=permeation promoter), Keyword(id=1194703788717085663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=黄体酮), Keyword(id=1194703788771611618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=贴剂), Keyword(id=1194703788834526180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=微针), Keyword(id=1194703788926800872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=体外渗透), Keyword(id=1194703789035852781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=促渗剂)], refs=[Reference(id=1194703792986886179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang TF, Ling QQ, Qiu L. Current status and study advances of clinical application of progesterone [J]. China Mod Doct (中国现代医生), 2022, 60: 220-224., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703793037217828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Piette P. The history of natural progesterone, the never-ending story [J]. Climacteric, 2018, 21: 308-314., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703793188212775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y, Cheng Y, Liu YB, et al. Research progress on new dosage forms of progesterone and its preparation methods [J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2022, 57: 353-363., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703793343402030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tao H, Chen WW, Gao XL. Preparation and in vitro release characterization of hot-melt pressure sensitive adhesive transdermal patch of progesterone [J]. J Pharm Pract (药学实践杂志), 2016, 34: 44-47., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703793423093811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ding JX, Li RR, Wang YL, et al. Research progress of transdermal drug delivery system and technology [J]. China Med Pharm (中国医药科学), 2023, 13: 39-42., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703793481814069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lundberg IE, Sharma A, Turesson C, et al. An update on polymyalgia rheumatica [J]. J Intern Med, 2022, 292: 717-732., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703793683140664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao XY, Zhang SH, Yang GZ, et al. Exploring trehalose on the release of levonorgestrel from umplantable PLGA microneedles [J]. Polymers (Basel), 2020, 12: 59., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703793775415356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He HJ, Shen Q, Wang ZZ, et al. Preparation and in vitro characterization of progesterone liposome microneedles [J]. J Xinjiang Med Univ (新疆医科大学学报), 2023, 46: 1369-1375., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703793876078655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Phatale V, Vaiphei KK, Jha S, et al. Overcoming skin barriers through advanced transdermal drug delivery approaches [J]. J Control Release, 2022, 351: 361-380., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703793934798914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Park J, Lee H, Lim GS, et al. Enhanced transdermal drug delivery by sonophoresis and simultaneous application of sonophoresis and iontophoresis [J]. AAPS PharmSciTech, 2019, 20: 96., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703794073210950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu XX, Li X, Cui WY, et al. Preparation of transdermal patch of cyclosporine A and its in vitro transdermal penetration [J]. Cent South Pharm (中南药学), 2022, 20: 2565-2570., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703794148708424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Waghule T, Singhvi G, Dubey SK, et al. Microneedles: a smart approach and increasing potential for transdermal drug delivery system [J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2019, 109: 1249-1258., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703794215817292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He HJ, Wang ZZ, Aikelamu K, et al. Preparation and in vitro characterization of microneedles containing inclusion complexes loaded with progesterone [J]. Pharmaceutics, 2023, 15: 1765., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703794341646416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li RR, Wang Y, Liu Y, et al. Effects of metal or dissolving microneedles and its parameters of operation on the formation and closure of skin microchannels [J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2021, 56: 1163-1169., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703794396172371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ananda PWR, Elim D, Zaman HS, et al. Combination of transdermal patches and solid microneedles for improved transdermal delivery of primaquine [J]. Int J Pharm, 2021, 609: 121204., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703794488447059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Almazan EA, Castañeda PS, Torres RD, et al. Design and evaluation of losartan transdermal patch by using solid microneedles as a physical permeation enhancer [J]. Iran J Pharm Res, 2020, 19: 138-152., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703794547167317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen P, Fang RH, Jiang CZ, et al. Evaluation of penetration promoting effect of solid microneedle-assisted ketoprofen patches percutaneous drug delivery [J]. Chin Pharm J (中国药学杂志), 2024, 59: 1135-1141., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194703794622664792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yuan RF, Yang JH, Zhang JM, et al. Optimization of hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive patch with supercritical extract of Zanthoxylum schinifolium based on migraine efficacy and its safety evaluation [J]. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs (中草药), 2021, 52: 3841-3851., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1194703792781365279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, awardId=2021D01C287, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2021D01C287), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1194703792861057057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, awardId=2022A03007-4, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2022A03007-4), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194703784988349349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703784996737958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785009320871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703784988349349, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194703785114178472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785118372777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785114178472, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Karamay Food and Drug Inspection Institute, Kelamayi 834000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785126761386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785114178472, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.新疆克拉玛依市食品药品检验所, 新疆 克拉玛依 834000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194703785210647467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785219036076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785210647467, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785227424685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785210647467, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194703785336476591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785344865200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785336476591, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194703785349059506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, companyId=1194703785336476591, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1194703789295899633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=mQ7SnCslEgqn5ve76y5M8w==, figureFileBig=IFdG7g4BtrISSDafyd276Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194703789354619891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= Appearance, mechanical properties and skin puncture of microneedles of different needle heights. A: Top view under the camera; B: Microscopic side veiw (×20, 500 µm microneedle); C: Microscopic side view (×20, 750 µm microneedle); D: Microscopic side view (×20, 1 000 µm microneedle); E: Mechanical strength of microneedles (<i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula"><tex-math id="M3">$ \overline{x} $</tex-math></span> ± <i>s</i>); F: 500 µm microneedle treatment; G: 750 µm microneedle treatment; H: 1 000 µm microneedle treatment , figureFileSmall=mQ7SnCslEgqn5ve76y5M8w==, figureFileBig=IFdG7g4BtrISSDafyd276Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194703789476254710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
LevelDrug loading/%Permeabilizer dosage/%Plasticizer dosage/%Blank
14321
24.5442
35563
), ArticleFig(id=1194703789660804090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

L9 (34) orthogonal test factors

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
LevelDrug loading/%Permeabilizer dosage/%Plasticizer dosage/%Blank
14321
24.5442
35563
), ArticleFig(id=1194703789774050300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
IndexScoreGrading criteria
Uniformity0-20According to the uniformity of the dispersion of the paste, whether there are bubbles, and whether there are particles, 20 points are scored: 20 points are scored for uniform dispersion, no bubbles, and no particles; trace bubbles, uniformity is 12 points; a small number of bubbles, basically uniform and consistent is 4 points; a large number of bubbles, the thickness is obviously uneven, and the consistency is 0 points
Ductility0-20Score according to the difficulty of paste coating: 20 points for very easy coating; 12 points for easier coating; 4 points for better coating; very difficult to coat is scored as 0 points
Skin follow-up0-20Stick the plaster on the wrist, shake it vigorously 10 times, and score it according to the tightness of the wrist: 20 points will be scored if the tight fit does not fall off, and 0 points will be scored if it falls off 5 times or more
Peelability0-20Score according to the difficulty of peeling the paste and whether it is painless: 20 points for easy peeling and painlessness; 12 points for easy peeling and slight pain; the pain sensation that is difficult to peel is obviously 8 points; the pain of peeling difficulty is obviously 0 points
Repeated peeling and residue levels0-20Stick the paste to the wrist, remove and paste it 3 times repeatedly, and score according to the tightness and residue of the 3rd time on the wrist: 20 points will be scored if it is tightly attached and there is no residue; 12 points for a tighter fit and no residue; 8 points for a tighter fit with residue; it is difficult to fit and all residues are recorded as 0 points
), ArticleFig(id=1194703789874713598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=

Sensory evaluation R table

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
IndexScoreGrading criteria
Uniformity0-20According to the uniformity of the dispersion of the paste, whether there are bubbles, and whether there are particles, 20 points are scored: 20 points are scored for uniform dispersion, no bubbles, and no particles; trace bubbles, uniformity is 12 points; a small number of bubbles, basically uniform and consistent is 4 points; a large number of bubbles, the thickness is obviously uneven, and the consistency is 0 points
Ductility0-20Score according to the difficulty of paste coating: 20 points for very easy coating; 12 points for easier coating; 4 points for better coating; very difficult to coat is scored as 0 points
Skin follow-up0-20Stick the plaster on the wrist, shake it vigorously 10 times, and score it according to the tightness of the wrist: 20 points will be scored if the tight fit does not fall off, and 0 points will be scored if it falls off 5 times or more
Peelability0-20Score according to the difficulty of peeling the paste and whether it is painless: 20 points for easy peeling and painlessness; 12 points for easy peeling and slight pain; the pain sensation that is difficult to peel is obviously 8 points; the pain of peeling difficulty is obviously 0 points
Repeated peeling and residue levels0-20Stick the paste to the wrist, remove and paste it 3 times repeatedly, and score according to the tightness and residue of the 3rd time on the wrist: 20 points will be scored if it is tightly attached and there is no residue; 12 points for a tighter fit and no residue; 8 points for a tighter fit with residue; it is difficult to fit and all residues are recorded as 0 points
), ArticleFig(id=1194703790008930304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
IndexScore
Duro-tak 87-2677Duro-tak 387-2287Duro-tak 387-2051
Uniformity121220
Ductility121212
Skin follow-up202020
Peelability20208
Repeated peeling and residue levels20128
Total score847668
), ArticleFig(id=1194703790159925250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=

Sensory evaluation of different pressure-sensitive adhesives

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
IndexScore
Duro-tak 87-2677Duro-tak 387-2287Duro-tak 387-2051
Uniformity121220
Ductility121212
Skin follow-up202020
Peelability20208
Repeated peeling and residue levels20128
Total score847668
), ArticleFig(id=1194703790298337284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Drug load/%Tack (the largest ball number)StickinessAppearance
423> 30 min, displacement value: 1.2 mmTransparent colloid, no bubbles, no crystal precipitation
4.523> 30 min, displacement value: 1.1 mmTransparent colloid, no bubbles, no crystal precipitation
523> 30 min, displacement value: 1.8 mmTransparent colloid, no bubbles, no crystal precipitation
5.522> 30 min, displacement value: 2.3 mmTransparent colloid, no bubbles, a little crystal precipitation
), ArticleFig(id=1194703790424166405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=

Results of adhesive force determination with different drug loading

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Drug load/%Tack (the largest ball number)StickinessAppearance
423> 30 min, displacement value: 1.2 mmTransparent colloid, no bubbles, no crystal precipitation
4.523> 30 min, displacement value: 1.1 mmTransparent colloid, no bubbles, no crystal precipitation
523> 30 min, displacement value: 1.8 mmTransparent colloid, no bubbles, no crystal precipitation
5.522> 30 min, displacement value: 2.3 mmTransparent colloid, no bubbles, a little crystal precipitation
), ArticleFig(id=1194703790495469575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch numberQ24 h/μg·cm-2Cumulative permeability curve formulaJss/μg·cm-2·h-1rER
Control52.35 ± 7.88Q = 2.33 t + 0.292.33 ± 0.140.986 71.00
IPM181.07 ± 20.64Q = 7.70 t - 11.657.70 ± 0.360.992 53.46
Laurazone159.44 ±17.45Q = 7.17 t - 2.197.17 ± 0.450.986 33.05
Malonate laurate48.09 ± 4.87Q = 2.08 t - 0.262.08 ± 0.060.996 70.92
Diethylene glycol monoether155.63 ± 11.34Q = 6.87 t - 7.126.87 ± 0.290.996 92.97
Polyglycerol fatty acid esters103.85 ± 8.33Q = 4.77 t - 0.384.77 ± 0.480.965 91.98
Glyceryl monolinoleate60.09 ± 5.13Q = 2.61 t + 0.532.61 ± 0.110.993 51.15
Caprylic capric acid polyethylene glycol glycerides50.57 ± 3.86Q = 2.46 t + 1.742.46 ± 0.420.911 70.97
), ArticleFig(id=1194703790659047434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 5, caption=

Single factor experiments on the types of permeable enhancers. n = 3, $\bar{x} \pm s$. IPM: Isopropyl myristate; Jss: The steady-state flux; ER: Enhancement ratio

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch numberQ24 h/μg·cm-2Cumulative permeability curve formulaJss/μg·cm-2·h-1rER
Control52.35 ± 7.88Q = 2.33 t + 0.292.33 ± 0.140.986 71.00
IPM181.07 ± 20.64Q = 7.70 t - 11.657.70 ± 0.360.992 53.46
Laurazone159.44 ±17.45Q = 7.17 t - 2.197.17 ± 0.450.986 33.05
Malonate laurate48.09 ± 4.87Q = 2.08 t - 0.262.08 ± 0.060.996 70.92
Diethylene glycol monoether155.63 ± 11.34Q = 6.87 t - 7.126.87 ± 0.290.996 92.97
Polyglycerol fatty acid esters103.85 ± 8.33Q = 4.77 t - 0.384.77 ± 0.480.965 91.98
Glyceryl monolinoleate60.09 ± 5.13Q = 2.61 t + 0.532.61 ± 0.110.993 51.15
Caprylic capric acid polyethylene glycol glycerides50.57 ± 3.86Q = 2.46 t + 1.742.46 ± 0.420.911 70.97
), ArticleFig(id=1194703790780682250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch numberQ24 h/μg·cm-2Cumulative permeability curve formulaJss/μg·cm2·h-1rER
Control52.35 ± 7.88Q = 2.33 t + 0.292.33 ± 0.140.986 71.00
1% IPM99.18 ± 6.34Q = 4.34 t - 4.294.34 ± 0.130.996 71.89
2% IPM123.07 ± 17.94Q = 5.20 t - 8.995.20 ± 0.310.987 62.35
3% IPM145.40 ± 7.70Q = 6.12 t - 11.976.12 ± 0.410.984 32.78
4% IPM194.25 ± 21.01Q = 8.31 t - 10.648.31 ± 0.290.995 83.71
5% IPM181.07 ± 20.64Q = 7.70 t - 11.657.70 ± 0.360.992 53.46
6% IPM177.57 ± 5.30Q = 7.49 t - 13.517.49 ± 0.440.987 93.39
), ArticleFig(id=1194703790973620236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 6, caption=

Single factor experiments on the dosage of IPM. n = 3, $ \overline{x} $ ± s

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch numberQ24 h/μg·cm-2Cumulative permeability curve formulaJss/μg·cm2·h-1rER
Control52.35 ± 7.88Q = 2.33 t + 0.292.33 ± 0.140.986 71.00
1% IPM99.18 ± 6.34Q = 4.34 t - 4.294.34 ± 0.130.996 71.89
2% IPM123.07 ± 17.94Q = 5.20 t - 8.995.20 ± 0.310.987 62.35
3% IPM145.40 ± 7.70Q = 6.12 t - 11.976.12 ± 0.410.984 32.78
4% IPM194.25 ± 21.01Q = 8.31 t - 10.648.31 ± 0.290.995 83.71
5% IPM181.07 ± 20.64Q = 7.70 t - 11.657.70 ± 0.360.992 53.46
6% IPM177.57 ± 5.30Q = 7.49 t - 13.517.49 ± 0.440.987 93.39
), ArticleFig(id=1194703791074283535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Dosage/%Tack (the largest ball number)StickinessAppearance
122> 30 min, displacement value: 2.5 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, no bubbles on the surface, no residue when peeling
224> 30 min, displacement value: 1.0 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, no bubbles on the surface, no residue when peeling
424> 30 min, displacement value: 4.3 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, no bubbles on the surface, no residue when peeling
624> 30 min, displacement value: 5.7 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, no bubbles on the surface, no residue when peeling
825> 30 min, displacement value: 9.8 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, peeling residue, slight glue bleeding
1026< 30 min, fall off within 15 minTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, peeling residue, serious glue seepage
), ArticleFig(id=1194703791166558225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 7, caption=

Single factor experiments on the dosage of tributyl citrate. n = 3

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Dosage/%Tack (the largest ball number)StickinessAppearance
122> 30 min, displacement value: 2.5 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, no bubbles on the surface, no residue when peeling
224> 30 min, displacement value: 1.0 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, no bubbles on the surface, no residue when peeling
424> 30 min, displacement value: 4.3 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, no bubbles on the surface, no residue when peeling
624> 30 min, displacement value: 5.7 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, no bubbles on the surface, no residue when peeling
825> 30 min, displacement value: 9.8 mmTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, peeling residue, slight glue bleeding
1026< 30 min, fall off within 15 minTransparent colloid, strong viscosity, peeling residue, serious glue seepage
), ArticleFig(id=1194703791237861395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Experiment numberABCDQ24 h/μg·cm-2
11111132.33
2122297.13
31333140.80
42123128.19
52231115.12
62312159.85
73132177.26
83213162.73
93321200.17
K1123.42145.92151.64149.21
K2134.39124.99141.83144.75
K3180.05166.94144.39143.91
R56.6341.959.815.30
), ArticleFig(id=1194703791292387349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 8, caption=

Orthogonal test and result. A: Drug loading; B: Permeabilizer dosage; C: Plasticizer dosage; D: Blank

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Experiment numberABCDQ24 h/μg·cm-2
11111132.33
2122297.13
31333140.80
42123128.19
52231115.12
62312159.85
73132177.26
83213162.73
93321200.17
K1123.42145.92151.64149.21
K2134.39124.99141.83144.75
K3180.05166.94144.39143.91
R56.6341.959.815.30
), ArticleFig(id=1194703791363690519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Source of varianceSum of squares of deviationDegree of freedomVarianceFP
A5 412.9422 706.47111.26< 0.05
B2 639.6521 319.8254.25< 0.05
C155.19277.603.19> 0.05
Error48.65224.331.00
Sum8 256.438
), ArticleFig(id=1194703791426605080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 9, caption=

Variance analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Source of varianceSum of squares of deviationDegree of freedomVarianceFP
A5 412.9422 706.47111.26< 0.05
B2 639.6521 319.8254.25< 0.05
C155.19277.603.19> 0.05
Error48.65224.331.00
Sum8 256.438
), ArticleFig(id=1194703792470986779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch numberQ24 h/μg·cm-2Cumulative permeability curve formulaJss/μg·cm-2·h-1rER
Control52.35 ± 7.88Q = 2.33 t + 0.292.33 ± 0.140.986 71.00
Prescription patches200.17 ± 6.15Q = 8.64 t - 12.158.64 ± 0.320.995 43.82
Patch +500 μm226.01 ± 7.46Q = 9.80 t - 15.169.80 ± 0.420.993 74.32
Patch +750 μm278.78 ± 6.59Q = 12.07 t - 15.0212.07 ± 0.410.996 15.33
Patch +1 000 μm422.95 ± 16.81Q = 17.53 t - 34.6317.53 ± 1.320.980 88.08
), ArticleFig(id=1194703792601010205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193259088961307469, language=CN, label=Table 10, caption=

Results of in vitro percutaneous penetration test. n = 3, $ \overline{x} $ ± s

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch numberQ24 h/μg·cm-2Cumulative permeability curve formulaJss/μg·cm-2·h-1rER
Control52.35 ± 7.88Q = 2.33 t + 0.292.33 ± 0.140.986 71.00
Prescription patches200.17 ± 6.15Q = 8.64 t - 12.158.64 ± 0.320.995 43.82
Patch +500 μm226.01 ± 7.46Q = 9.80 t - 15.169.80 ± 0.420.993 74.32
Patch +750 μm278.78 ± 6.59Q = 12.07 t - 15.0212.07 ± 0.410.996 15.33
Patch +1 000 μm422.95 ± 16.81Q = 17.53 t - 34.6317.53 ± 1.320.980 88.08
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1189982048455397383, delFlag=0, nameCn=药学学报, nameEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0513-4870, eissn=null, cn=11-2163/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1761643429151, updatedTime=1761735768113, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, picEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369346338783397, language=CN, name=药学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768160, updatedTime=1761735768160, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369346376532134, language=EN, name=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768169, updatedTime=1761735768169, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189982191388893191, websiteList=[Website(id=1189982271588340489, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761643482348, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643498101, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=药学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982873114448678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643625763, updateTime=1761643625763, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873093477155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643625758, updateTime=1761643625758, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873135420201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625768, updateTime=1761643625768, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873085088546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643625756, updateTime=1761643625756, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873152197419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625772, updateTime=1761643625772, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873110254373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761643625762, updateTime=1761643625762, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873143808810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625770, updateTime=1761643625770, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873101865764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761643625760, updateTime=1761643625760, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873122837287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643625765, updateTime=1761643625765, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873127031592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643625766, updateTime=1761643625766, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189982271655449355, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761643482364, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643514085, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982903015633534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643632892, updateTime=1761643632892, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902990467707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643632886, updateTime=1761643632886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903036605057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632897, updateTime=1761643632897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902982079098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643632884, updateTime=1761643632884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903053382275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632901, updateTime=1761643632901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903007244925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761643632890, updateTime=1761643632890, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903044993666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632899, updateTime=1761643632899, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902998856316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761643632888, updateTime=1761643632888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903019827839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643632893, updateTime=1761643632893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903028216448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643632895, updateTime=1761643632895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=药学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPhotoEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
黄体酮透皮贴剂和微针组合制剂的处方工艺和体外性质研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
刘灿 1, # , 贺宏吉 2, # , 苏文君 1 , 黄佳敏 1 , 董雪 1 , 沈琪 1, 3, 4 , 王梅 1, 3, 4, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(3): 809-816
收起
收藏切换
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025, 60(3): 809-816
黄体酮透皮贴剂和微针组合制剂的处方工艺和体外性质研究
全屏
刘灿1, #, 贺宏吉2, #, 苏文君1, 黄佳敏1, 董雪1, 沈琪1, 3, 4, 王梅1, 3, 4, *
作者信息
  • 1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
  • 2.新疆克拉玛依市食品药品检验所, 新疆 克拉玛依 834000
  • 3.新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
  • 4.新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017

通讯作者:

*王梅, Tel: 86-991-4312411, E-mail:
Prescription process and in vitro study of transdermal patch and microneedle combination formulation of progesterone
Can LIU1, Hong-ji HE2, Wen-jun SU1, Jia-min HUANG1, Xue DONG1, Qi SHEN1, 3, 4, Mei WANG1, 3, 4, *
Affiliations
  • 1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
  • 2. Karamay Food and Drug Inspection Institute, Kelamayi 834000, China
  • 3. Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China
  • 4. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China
出版时间: 2025-03-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933
文章导航
收藏切换

本文旨在制备黄体酮压敏胶贴剂与微针组合制剂, 优化处方, 并考察其药物释放量。采用HPLC检测制剂中黄体酮含量, 通过单因素实验和正交实验, 以感官评价、黏附性、累积释放量、累积渗透量等为评价指标, 优选出贴剂最佳处方, 并用3D打印方法制备3种不同针高的微针, 将贴剂与微针组合测定其累积渗透量, 并与单纯贴剂进行对比。正交实验结果表明, 贴剂最优处方为Duro-Tak 87-2677压敏胶(87.5%)、柠檬酸三丁酯(2%)、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(5%)、二丁基羟基甲苯(0.5%), 黄体酮含量(5%)。工艺验证结果表明, 按照优化处方制备的贴剂成形性、黏附性良好。在经皮渗透试验中, 24 h时空白组的累积渗透量为52.35 ± 7.88 μg·cm-2, 处方贴剂的累积渗透量为200.17 ± 6.15 μg·cm-2, 与500、750、1 000 μm微针组合贴剂的累积渗透量分别为226.01 ± 7.46、278.78 ± 6.59、422.95 ± 16.81 μg·cm-2。动物实验经新疆医科大学实验动物伦理委员会批准(伦理批号: IACUC-20220725-8)。通过单因素实验和正交实验, 筛选出最优贴剂处方, 且贴剂与微针组合制剂的透皮渗透效果比单用更好, 能有效增加了药物体外经皮渗透。以上研究为黄体酮透皮贴剂的应用提供了理论依据。

黄体酮  /  贴剂  /  微针  /  体外渗透  /  促渗剂

To prepare a progesterone pressure-sensitive gel patch combined with a microneedle to enhance drug release, HPLC was used to determine the preparation's progesterone content. One-way and orthogonal experiments were used to optimize the patch's prescription. Adhesion, sensory evaluation, cumulative release, and cumulative penetration were used as evaluation indices. Three microneedles with varying needle heights were made using 3D printing, and the cumulative penetration of the patch and microneedles was calculated and compared with the patch alone. The orthogonal experiments showed that the optimal prescription for the patches was Duro-Tak 87-2677 pressure-sensitive adhesive (87.5%), tributyl citrate (2%), isopropyl myristate (5%), dibutylated hydroxytoluene (0.5%), and drug (5%). The patches were prepared according to the optimized prescription, resulting in good patch formability and adhesion. In the transdermal penetration test, the cumulative penetration of the patch was 52.35 ± 7.88 μg·cm-2 at 24 h, and the cumulative penetration of the patch in combination with 500, 750, and 1 000 μm microneedles was 226.01 ± 7.46, 278.78 ± 6.59, 422.95 ± 16.81 μg·cm-2, respectively. The experiment was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Xinjiang Medical University (IACUC-20220725-8). The optimal patch prescription was screened through one-way and orthogonal experiments, and the transdermal penetration effect of patch and microneedle combination preparation was better than that of single use, which can effectively increase the in vitro transdermal penetration of the drug, and the above study provides a theoretical basis for the application of transdermal patches of progesterone.

progesterone  /  patch  /  microneedle  /  extracorporeal penetration  /  permeation promoter
刘灿, 贺宏吉, 苏文君, 黄佳敏, 董雪, 沈琪, 王梅. 黄体酮透皮贴剂和微针组合制剂的处方工艺和体外性质研究. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (3) : 809 -816 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933
Can LIU, Hong-ji HE, Wen-jun SU, Jia-min HUANG, Xue DONG, Qi SHEN, Mei WANG. Prescription process and in vitro study of transdermal patch and microneedle combination formulation of progesterone[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (3) : 809 -816 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933
黄体酮(progesterone, PG), 是调节女性生殖系统的重要组成激素, 多用于治疗先兆流产、习惯性流产、女性月经不调等疾病[1]。目前市售主要通过口服、注射、阴道给药等, 口服生物利用度低, 注射给药后疼痛, 患者依从性降低, 阴道缓释凝胶的治疗费用昂贵, 限制了临床应用[2, 3]
将PG制成经皮制剂具有避免首过效应, 在局部发挥药效, 并达到持续释放、方便给药等优点[4]。贴剂是经皮给药系统(transdermal drug delivery system, TDDS) 中的一种, 应用于无破损的皮肤表面, 透过皮肤屏障将药物递送进入血液循环系统, 从而发挥作用[5]。由于PG低溶解性、低渗透率特点, 在生物药剂学分类系统中被归类为BCS IV类药物[6], 且皮肤角质层的存在, 使得药物的经皮渗透率低, 阻碍了其经皮制剂的发展[7], 因此研究者常用物理方法包括微针[8]、离子导入[9]、超声[10]、电致孔[11]等技术, 以此增加药物的促渗效果。其中, 微针(microneedle, MN) 是一种具有微米级尺寸针尖阵列的经皮给药制剂, 能够物理地破坏角质层并产生微传导, 以无痛、微创的方式通过皮肤, 增加患者用药依从性[12], 将其制成MN, 与贴剂对比存在载药量低的缺点[13]。近年来, 许多研究者通过将固体微针[14]与贴剂结合使用, 通过创建微通道帮助药物从制剂扩散到皮肤屏障的角质, 增强药物的渗透效果, 如伯氨喹[15]、氯沙坦[16]及酮洛芬[17]等, 解决传统透皮制剂经皮渗透速率较低、药物起效慢等问题, 同时可拓展经皮给药的药物范围。
本研究选择聚丙烯酸酯类压敏胶为黄体酮贴剂的制备材料, 通过单因素实验和正交实验, 以黏附性、感官评价、累积释放量、累积渗透量等为评价指标, 优选出最佳处方, 采用3D打印微针技术结合贴剂制备黄体酮组合制剂, 将贴剂与微针组合测定其累积渗透量, 并与单纯贴剂进行对比, 考察不同针高(500、750、1 000 μm) 微针对黄体酮经皮渗透能力的影响, 为相关经皮给药制剂开发利用提供一定参考。
仪器  DHC-6TD型透皮仪(美国LOGAN公司); Er 2489型高效液相色谱仪、X-Brige C18柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, 美国Waters公司); New Classic MF型分析天平(美国Mettler Toledo公司); HJ-6型磁力加热搅拌器(常州鸿泽实验科技有限公司); KTQ-II型可调式涂布器(上海瞰翔仪器设备有限公司); ECLIPSE Ci-E型光学显微镜(日本Nikon公司); BP8601P型投影式光固化生物3D打印机(苏州永沁泉智能设备有限公司)。
试药  黄体酮、甘油、聚山梨酯80 (HTTG230616M、F113C230701、F104C230601, 湖北葛店人福药业有限公司); 压敏胶(Duro-tak 87-2677、Duro-tak 387-2051、Duro-tak 387-2287, 汉高乐泰有限公司); 乙酸乙酯(20230901, 天津致远化学试剂); 无水乙醇(20230901, 天津市大茂化学试剂厂); 色谱甲醇(WXBF2329V, Sigma-Aldrich公司); 肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(2305001, 浙江物美生物科技有限公司); 油酸山梨坦(20230501, 江西益普生药业有限公司); 离型膜、背衬层(9755、9718, 美国3M公司); 癸二酸二丁酯、柠檬酸三丁酯、月桂氮酮(C14838798、C10142332、C15359757, 上海麦克林生化科技有限公司); 邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、二丁基羟基甲苯(20230402、20230501, 江西阿尔法高科药业有限公司); 单双硬脂酸甘油酯、单亚油酸甘油酯、聚甘油脂肪酸酯、二乙二醇单乙醚、月桂酸丙二醇酯、辛酸癸酸聚乙二醇甘油酯(195383、190884、191927、194348、189705、190913, 广州市天润药业有限公司);
动物  SD大鼠(雌性, 体重180~220 g) 由新疆医科大学动物实验中心提供, 实验动物使用许可编号: SYXK (新) 2023-0004; 所有动物实验均获得了新疆医科大学动物实验伦理委员会批准(伦理批号: IACUC-20220725-8)。
分析方法的建立  使用Waters X Brige色谱柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), 在甲醇-水为75∶25的条件下等度洗脱, 设置检测波长为245 nm, 柱温设置为25 ℃, 流速设置为1 mL·min-1, 进行等度洗脱。精密称定黄体酮对照品, 置于容量瓶中, 使用30%乙醇生理盐水(接受介质) 定容至刻度, 配置成100 μg·mL-1的对照品储备液。分别精密量取上述对照品储备液适量, 接受介质稀释为0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6、3.2、6.4、12.8、25.6、51.2、102.4 μg·mL-1的系列溶液, 测定峰面积。以峰面积A为纵坐标, 质量浓度C为横坐标绘制标准曲线。
黄体酮贴剂的制备工艺  按处方精密称取黄体酮置于烧杯中, 加入适量有机溶媒, 待其溶解后, 依次加入促渗剂、增塑剂、抗氧剂、压敏胶后, 采用磁力搅拌器将其搅拌混匀, 静置30 min排气泡后, 采用涂布器将含药压敏胶液均匀涂布背衬层上, 室温干燥, 挥去溶媒后覆盖上背衬层, 制得黄体酮贴剂, 密封保存。
微针的制备工艺  精密称取光引发剂苯基(2, 4, 6-三甲基苯甲酰基)磷酸锂盐和聚乙二醇二丙烯酸树脂, 遮光于离心管中, 并涡至完全混匀。将配制好的上述树脂加入至3D打印机料槽中, 设置打印参数(曝光时间、光强、打印层高等) 进行打印。打印完成的微针在异丙醇中清洗, 再用PBS溶液清洗, 以除去微针表面残留树脂。微针在室温下晾干, 最后于405 nm紫外灯光下对其进行固化。
单因素考察
溶剂种类  PG原料药为固体, 需选择有机溶剂使其与压敏胶混合均匀, 确保贴剂的含量均匀度, 因此选择常用无水乙醇和乙酸乙酯为考察对象, 观察药物在溶剂中的溶解性、稳定性以及与压敏胶的融合性, 选择最佳溶剂进行贴剂的制备。
压敏胶种类  精密称取相同质量的黄体酮各加入相同量的乙酸乙酯中, 配制不同压敏胶(Duro-tak 87-2677、Duro-tak 387-2051、Duro-tak 387-2287) 的含药贴剂, 观察贴剂成型后的外观、黏附力评价。
载药量  分别为3%、4%、4.5%、5%、5.5%和6%的载药量, 制备了不同载药量的透皮贴, 考察其对贴剂外观及黏附力的影响。
促渗剂种类  以载药量为5%, 分别加入二乙二醇单乙醚、月桂氮酮、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(isopropyl myristate, IPM)、聚甘油脂肪酸酯、单亚油酸甘油酯、辛酸癸酸聚乙二醇甘油酯、油酸乙酯、油酸山梨坦含量为5% 的促渗剂, 空白组不加促渗剂, 制备9种不同类型的贴剂, 以黄体酮在贴剂中的累计渗透量作为评估指标, 研究不同种类促渗剂对透皮贴剂成分透过量的影响。
促渗剂用量  以载药量为5%, 溶解后搅拌均匀, 分别加入为1%、2%、3%、4%、5%、6%的IPM, 空白组不加促渗剂, 共制备6种不同贴, 以贴剂中黄体酮的累计渗透量为指标, 考察不同用量促渗剂对贴剂透过量的影响。
增塑剂种类  以IPM量为4%, 载药量为5%, 增塑剂为癸二酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯或柠檬酸三丁酯各5%, 共制备3种贴, 考察不同增塑剂对贴剂外观及黏附力的影响。
增塑剂用量  以IPM量为4%, 载药量为5%, 增塑剂柠檬酸三丁酯用量分别为1%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%、12%, 溶解后搅拌均匀, 共制备7种贴, 考察不同增塑剂对贴剂外观及黏附力的影响, 。
正交实验  在单因素实验的基础上进行L9 (34) 正交实验(表 1), 以累计透过量为指标, 对载药量、促渗剂用量、增塑剂用量3个因素进行处方筛选, 通过正交实验的直观分析和方差分析优化最佳制备工艺。
感官评价及黏附力测定  取大小为5 cm × 4 cm的3种不同型号的黄体酮压敏胶贴剂, 进行感官评价及黏附力测定。
感官评价  感官评价[18]以均匀性、涂展性、皮肤追随性、剥离性、反复揭贴性与残留量这5个指标进行综合评价。均匀性是为了判断有机溶剂及黄体酮药物与压敏胶材料是否能相互融合且无析出现象的发生; 涂展性可以评价贴剂制备的难易程度, 不易涂布的膏体会造成批次间的重量差异及含药量差异; 通过皮肤追随性、剥离性、反复揭贴性与残留量可评价出贴剂在应用时方便性及舒适性, 评分标准如表 2
初黏力测定  采用滚球斜坡停止法《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版四部通则(0952黏附力测定法) 对3种型号的黄体酮压敏胶贴剂进行初黏力测试, 将贴剂的背衬层固定在斜板上, 使有黏性的一面朝上后, 取一系列适宜的小球由小到大依次从倾斜板上滚过, 根据贴剂黏性面能够黏住的最大球号钢球对其初黏力进行评分, 球号越大, 则贴剂初黏力越大。
持黏力测定  采用2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》第四部通则中的0952黏附力测定法对黄体酮压敏胶贴剂持黏力进行测定。将贴剂黏于规定钢板后, 垂直悬挂在仪器顶端, 贴剂的下端悬挂1 kg的砝码, 根据贴剂脱落的时间及滑移位移值, 对其进行评分, 时间越长或滑移位移值越小, 持黏力越大。
体外透皮实验
黄体酮贴剂  将前一天经脱毛处理的大鼠麻醉处死后剥离其背部皮肤, 使用眼科剪除去皮下脂肪, 用生理盐水漂洗干净后, 用滤纸吸干水分。将皮肤内侧朝向接收池固定于扩散池上。将制备好的贴剂贴在皮肤表层, 接收液为30%无水乙醇生理盐水, 将温度设置为32 ± 0.5 ℃, 转速为600 r·min-1, 分别于预设的时间点1、2、4、8、10、12和24 h将样品全部取出, 同时补充等量等温的接收液。经微孔滤膜过滤后进行HPLC分析。根据公式(1) 计算各时间点的累积渗透量(Qn)。以Qt作图, 药物透皮曲线稳态处切线的斜率即为药物的稳态透皮速率(Jss), 增渗倍数(enhancement ratio, ER) 为含有促渗剂与不含促渗剂的累积透过量之比。
$ \mathrm{累}\mathrm{积}\mathrm{经}\mathrm{皮}\mathrm{渗}\mathrm{透}\mathrm{量}:Q=\frac{Cn\times Vn+{\sum }_{i=1}^{n-1}Ci\times Vi}{A} $
其中, Cn: 第n次取样样品浓度; Vn: 接收池的体积; Ci: 第i个点样品浓度; Vi: 第i次取样体积; A: 有效透皮面积。
黄体酮组合制剂  考察透皮贴剂与微针结合使用的效果, 在贴上贴剂之前, 将不同长度的微针500、750和1 000 μm以一定的力(约70 N) 作用在皮肤上, 其他操作同上, 考察不同长度微针对透皮贴剂黄体酮累积渗透量的影响。
Parafilm膜穿刺实验  将不同针高500、750、1 000 μm的微针以一定的力(约70 N) 按压在10层Parafilm膜上, 记录每片微针穿过每层封口膜的微针数量, 平行测定3次, 根据公式(2) 计算穿透率。
$穿透率 (\%) = (每层封口膜微针穿透数量/每片微\\针的总针数) ×100\%$
统计学方法  使用GraphPad Prism 8软件进行数据分析, 采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA), 以确定组间差异显著性, P < 0.05认为差异有统计学意义。
黄体酮的无水乙醇经超声溶解后放置一段时间出现结晶析出; 黄体酮乙酸乙酯溶液的配制则无需超声, 振摇即可溶解, 且无结晶析出现象。将含药的无水乙醇或乙酸乙酯溶液加入压敏胶中搅拌混匀后放置一段时间后, 加入无水乙醇溶液的压敏胶中仍有大量气泡, 而乙酸乙酯溶液中无气泡, 将其制备成黄体酮贴剂后以无水乙醇为溶剂的贴剂表明会出现大量气泡, 由实验结果可知黄体酮在乙酸乙酯中溶解度大于无水乙醇, 且制得的贴剂外观更平整。因此选择乙酸乙酯为最佳溶剂。
Duro-tak 87-2677型黄体酮压敏胶分散型贴剂感官评价总分最高, Duro-tak 387-2287型反复揭贴性能力较弱, Duro-tak 387-2051型黄体酮贴剂的剥离性及反复揭贴性与残留量评分较低, 感官评价评分见表 3
结果表明, Duro-tak 87-2677型黄体酮压敏胶贴剂最高可将23号球黏附在实验板上, Duro-tak 87-2677持黏力(> 30 min, 位移值: 1.2 mm) 与Duro-tak 387-2287型(> 30 min, 位移值: 6.3 mm) 相当, 其中Duro-tak 87-2677的位移值较小; Duro-tak 387-2287型、Duro-tak 387-2051型最高可将25和26号球黏附在实验板上; Duro-tak 387-2051型持黏力(< 30 min, 3 min内脱落) 效果较差, 且在实验中存在拉丝脱胶现象。
研究结果显示, 当载药量超过5%时, 贴剂的黏附性较差, 并且出现晶体析出; 而在载药量等于或低于5%时, 各项黏附性指标均表现良好且未观察到晶体析出, 详见表 4。因此, 选择了4%、4.5%和5%的载药量进行后续正交试验。
结果如表 5所示, 与空白组相比, 并非所有促渗剂均有促渗效果, 其中, 对药物有促渗作用为5种, 其促渗显著作用顺序为: IPM > 月桂氮酮 > 二乙二醇单乙醚 > 聚甘油脂肪酸酯 > 单亚油酸甘油酯 > 空白组, IPM对PG的促渗作用最显著, 促渗倍数是空白组的3.46倍。因此, 选择IPM为透皮贴剂最适促渗剂。
随着IPM用量的增加, 累积渗透量也逐渐增大。然而, 当IPM浓度达到4%时, 累积释放量开始下降。在IPM浓度为4% 和5% 时, 对药物的促渗作用尤为显著。当浓度为4% 时, 药物在24 h内的Q值达到了最高, 为194.25 ± 21.01 μg·cm-2, 其促渗倍数是空白组的3.71倍, 详见表 6。因此, 选择了3%、4%和5%浓度的IPM进行正交试验。
柠檬酸三丁酯、癸二酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯, 初黏力结果分别为23、21、21号球, 可见癸二酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯的初黏力较差; 柠檬酸三丁酯、癸二酸二丁酯持黏力均大于30 min, 位移值分别为2.2和5.3 mm, 邻苯二甲酸二乙酯则小于30 min, 且25 min内脱落。柠檬酸三丁酯外观为透明胶体、整体性好、无气泡、触摸无黏感、剥离无残留; 癸二酸二丁酯为透明胶体、黏性强、无气泡、触摸有黏感、剥离有残留; 邻苯二甲酸二乙酯为透明胶体、黏性强、无气泡、触摸有黏感、剥离有残留。综合黏附力及贴剂的外观性状评价, 柠檬酸三丁酯的整体表现较好。因此, 选择柠檬酸三丁酯为透皮贴剂的增塑剂。
结果可知, 当柠檬酸三丁酯用量高于8%时, 剥离有残留, 且有渗胶现象, 详见表 7, 因此选择2%、4%、6% 进行正交试验。
选取影响较大的因素, 如载药量(A)、促渗剂用量(B)、增塑剂用量(C), 以累计透过量为评价指标, 用L9 (34) 正交设计表进行处方筛选, 详见表 89。处方筛选结果如下: 影响累计透过量变化的因素顺序为A > B > C, 透皮贴剂的最佳制备工艺为A3B3C1, 即87.5%压敏胶(Duro-Tak 87-2677)、2%柠檬酸三丁酯用量、5% 肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、5%载药量、0.5%二丁基羟基甲苯。
按照正交试验所得的处方制备3批贴剂, 平均累积渗透量为202.12 ± 7.74 μg·cm-2。贴剂大小为4 cm × 5 cm, 外观形态完好, 分散均匀。将制备好的贴裁制成大小一致的样品, 分别放置于容量瓶中加入一定量甲醇作为溶剂, 超声30 min后冷至室温, 加甲醇至刻度并摇匀, 经0.22 μm微孔滤膜过滤后进行HPLC分析, 载药量为3 384.02 ± 0.61 μg·cm-2。对不同批次制备的黄体酮贴剂进行评价, 结果表明, 3批透皮贴剂, 均可黏住23号钢球, 持黏力均超过30 min, 位移值均值为2.28 ± 0.8 mm, 符合中国药典规定。
将制得的空白微针在相机及显微镜下观察, 由图 1A~D可知, 所制备的微针呈圆锥状、形态良好。
将不同针高500、750、1 000 μm的微针以一定的力(约70 N) 按压在10层Parafilm膜上, 记录每片微针穿过每层封口膜的微针数量, 平行测定3次, 根据公式(2) 计算穿透率。不同针高500、750、1 000 μm的微针穿过的封口膜层数依次为3、5、7, 可见随着微针针高增加, 微针穿过的封口膜层数越多, 结果如图 1E所示。
不同针高微针预处理后的离体鼠皮如图 1F~H所示, 随着微针针高的增加, 药物的累积渗透量也随之增加。如表 10所示, 在24 h时, 空白组(无促渗剂) 累积渗透量为52.35 ± 7.88 μg·cm-2, 正交最优处方贴剂的累积渗透量为200.17 ± 6.15 μg·cm-2, 与500、750、1 000 μm微针组合贴剂的累积渗透量分别为226.01 ± 7.46、278.78 ± 6.59、422.95 ± 16.81 μg·cm-2。与空白组相比, 处方贴的经皮渗透明显增加, 有显著差异(P < 0.05)。与处方贴对比, 组合500 µm微针预处理后的经皮渗透量没有显著性差异(P > 0.05)。空白组和处方贴相比, 750 µm和1 000 µm微针预处理后的经皮渗透量明显增加, 有显著性差异(P < 0.05), 说明微针给药能克服角质层的阻碍, 促进渗透。以Qt回归, 计算经皮扩散系数Jss, 空白组、贴剂组、贴剂+ 500 µm组、贴剂+ 750 µm组、贴剂+ 1 000 µm组的Jss分别为2.33、8.64、9.80、12.07、17.53 μg·cm-2·h-1
结果表明, 回归方程A = 28 916C - 793.7, R2 = 1, 黄体酮在0.10~102.4 μg·mL-1内峰面积和质量浓度呈良好线性关系; 重复性RSD为1.25%, 在4 ℃冰箱中在24 h内稳定性RSD为1.08%; 高、中、低浓度的供试品溶液, 加样回收率分别为(100.70 ± 0.86)%、(99.97 ± 1.04)%、(99.32 ± 1. 19)%。结果表明, 该方法学准确度高、重现性好, 样品在测定时间内比较稳定。
本研究采用有机溶媒挥散法制备黄体酮压敏胶贴剂, 并通过单因素和正交试验制得最佳黄体酮贴剂, 经验证处方具有较好的黏附性, 有利于药物的经皮渗透。
采用微针预处理皮肤, 再以贴片方式给予PG, 并评价不同针高微针前处理对药物经皮渗透的影响。研究结果显示, 微针预处理显著促进了药物经皮渗透, 与未使用微针预处理的空白组相比, 微针预处理组的药物经皮渗透效果显著。研究还发现, 肉豆蔻酸异丙酯作为促渗剂与微针联合应用表现出较为显著的促渗效果, 其中微针的长度对药物的透皮释放量也表现出较为显著的影响, 随着微针的长度增加, 药物的释放量也随之增加。由于皮肤角质层的屏障作用, 大多数药物经皮渗透困难, 且难以达到治疗效果。传统的透皮贴剂联合微针技术给药, 可以显著增加药物的经皮渗透能力, 并解决了传统透皮制剂经皮渗透速率较低、药物起效慢等问题, 同时可拓展经皮给药的药物范围。另外, 在后续的研究中应该增加体外透经皮渗透实验中皮肤中残留药物的测定, 进一步探讨黄体酮透皮的机制。
在临床实践中发现, 特定情况下(如局部麻醉、美容护理等) 采用微针技术进行局部给药具有明显优势。此方法不仅可以提高治疗效果、减少系统性毒性反应风险, 还能够改善患者依从性和舒适度。总之, 微针技术与传统贴剂相结合所取得的积极成果, 表明该方法具有巨大潜力, 并为相关领域带来新机遇和挑战。
作者贡献: 刘灿负责实验实施、文章构思、文章撰写; 贺宏吉负责本文思路的提出、文章构思; 苏文君和黄佳敏负责部分实验辅助; 董雪负责实验材料的准备; 沈琪和王梅负责写作、审校和提供资金支持。
利益冲突: 本文所有作者声明不存在利益冲突关系。
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2021D01C287)
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2022A03007-4)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Yang TF, Ling QQ, Qiu L. Current status and study advances of clinical application of progesterone [J]. China Mod Doct (中国现代医生), 2022, 60: 220-224.
[2]
Piette P. The history of natural progesterone, the never-ending story [J]. Climacteric, 2018, 21: 308-314.
[3]
Wang Y, Cheng Y, Liu YB, et al. Research progress on new dosage forms of progesterone and its preparation methods [J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2022, 57: 353-363.
[4]
Tao H, Chen WW, Gao XL. Preparation and in vitro release characterization of hot-melt pressure sensitive adhesive transdermal patch of progesterone [J]. J Pharm Pract (药学实践杂志), 2016, 34: 44-47.
[5]
Ding JX, Li RR, Wang YL, et al. Research progress of transdermal drug delivery system and technology [J]. China Med Pharm (中国医药科学), 2023, 13: 39-42.
[6]
Lundberg IE, Sharma A, Turesson C, et al. An update on polymyalgia rheumatica [J]. J Intern Med, 2022, 292: 717-732.
[7]
Zhao XY, Zhang SH, Yang GZ, et al. Exploring trehalose on the release of levonorgestrel from umplantable PLGA microneedles [J]. Polymers (Basel), 2020, 12: 59.
[8]
He HJ, Shen Q, Wang ZZ, et al. Preparation and in vitro characterization of progesterone liposome microneedles [J]. J Xinjiang Med Univ (新疆医科大学学报), 2023, 46: 1369-1375.
[9]
Phatale V, Vaiphei KK, Jha S, et al. Overcoming skin barriers through advanced transdermal drug delivery approaches [J]. J Control Release, 2022, 351: 361-380.
[10]
Park J, Lee H, Lim GS, et al. Enhanced transdermal drug delivery by sonophoresis and simultaneous application of sonophoresis and iontophoresis [J]. AAPS PharmSciTech, 2019, 20: 96.
[11]
Liu XX, Li X, Cui WY, et al. Preparation of transdermal patch of cyclosporine A and its in vitro transdermal penetration [J]. Cent South Pharm (中南药学), 2022, 20: 2565-2570.
[12]
Waghule T, Singhvi G, Dubey SK, et al. Microneedles: a smart approach and increasing potential for transdermal drug delivery system [J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2019, 109: 1249-1258.
[13]
He HJ, Wang ZZ, Aikelamu K, et al. Preparation and in vitro characterization of microneedles containing inclusion complexes loaded with progesterone [J]. Pharmaceutics, 2023, 15: 1765.
[14]
Li RR, Wang Y, Liu Y, et al. Effects of metal or dissolving microneedles and its parameters of operation on the formation and closure of skin microchannels [J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2021, 56: 1163-1169.
[15]
Ananda PWR, Elim D, Zaman HS, et al. Combination of transdermal patches and solid microneedles for improved transdermal delivery of primaquine [J]. Int J Pharm, 2021, 609: 121204.
[16]
Almazan EA, Castañeda PS, Torres RD, et al. Design and evaluation of losartan transdermal patch by using solid microneedles as a physical permeation enhancer [J]. Iran J Pharm Res, 2020, 19: 138-152.
[17]
Chen P, Fang RH, Jiang CZ, et al. Evaluation of penetration promoting effect of solid microneedle-assisted ketoprofen patches percutaneous drug delivery [J]. Chin Pharm J (中国药学杂志), 2024, 59: 1135-1141.
[18]
Yuan RF, Yang JH, Zhang JM, et al. Optimization of hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive patch with supercritical extract of Zanthoxylum schinifolium based on migraine efficacy and its safety evaluation [J]. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs (中草药), 2021, 52: 3841-3851.
2025年第60卷第3期
PDF下载
1142
997
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933
  • 接收时间:2024-09-25
  • 首发时间:2025-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-03-12
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-25
  • 修回日期:2024-12-25
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2021D01C287)
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2022A03007-4)
作者信息
    1.新疆医科大学药学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
    2.新疆克拉玛依市食品药品检验所, 新疆 克拉玛依 834000
    3.新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
    4.新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017

通讯作者:

*王梅, Tel: 86-991-4312411, E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0933
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏