Article(id=1190335354860311379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1190335347767743264, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1139, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1725897600000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-10, revisedDate=1739376000000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761727663960, onlineDateStr=2025-10-29, pubDate=1744387200000, pubDateStr=2025-04-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761727663960, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761727663960, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761727663960, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1190335347767743264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='4', pageStart='843', pageEnd='1182', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761727662269, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761729313427, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1190342273276678997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1190335347767743264, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1190342273276678998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1190335347767743264, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1147, endPage=1155, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1190335355070026580, articleId=1190335354860311379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Construction and in vitro anti-inflammatory evaluation of a drug-loaded one-piece licorice exocyst-like particle-loaded licorice chalcone A nano-delivery system, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this study, licorice-derived vesicle-like particles (LVLPs) were used as carriers, and licochalcone-A (LCA), a signature active ingredient of the same source, was used as a model drug to construct a drug-loaded LVLP@LCA nanodelivery system, and to characterize and evaluate its in vitro properties and anti-inflammatory activity. Licochalcone-A (LCA), a signature active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine from the same source, was used as a model drug to construct a drug-loaded exocyst-like nano-delivery system, LVLP@LCA, and its in vitro properties and anti-inflammatory activities were characterized and evaluated. The LVLP@LCA nanodelivery system was prepared by extracting the exocyst-like nanoparticles by gradient centrifugation and loading the anti-inflammatory drug LCA by ultrasonication. The LVLP@LCA nanoparticles were prepared with a particle size of about 160 nm and a tea saucershaped bilayer structure, with a high encapsulation rate and drug loading capacity. The in vitro results showed that LVLP@LCA further enhanced the ability of LCA to inhibit the proliferation of inflammatory cells and reduce the levels of ROS and NO in inflammatory cells. Meanwhile, ELISA and qRT-PCR results showed that LVLP@LCA significantly reduced the secretion and mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, CCL5, CCL17 and other related inflammatory factors and chemokines. It was demonstrated by Western blot that LVLP@LCA reduced the expression of inflammation-inducing factor interleukin 6 (IL-6) through the JAK/STAT pathway, and then inhibited the activation of inflammatory response. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive anti-inflammatory effect of LVLP@LCA and a new way of thinking for the application of Glycyrrhiza glabra as a traditional Chinese medicine against atopic dermatitis.

, correspAuthors=Yu-ye XUE, Hai-long YUAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jian-tao NING, Xiang DENG, Li CHEN, Ling-yu HANG, Yu-wen ZHU, Ling-ling WU, Yu-ye XUE, Hai-long YUAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1190335844746629641, articleId=1190335354860311379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=基于药载一体的甘草外囊泡样颗粒负载甘草查尔酮A纳米给药系统的构建及体外抗炎评价, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究以中药甘草来源的外囊泡样颗粒(licorice-derived vesicle-like particles, LVLPs) 为载体, 以同一来源中药的标志性活性成分——甘草查尔酮A (licochalcone-A, LCA) 为模型药物, 构建药载一体的外囊泡样纳米给药系统LVLP@LCA, 并对其体外特性和抗炎活性进行表征和评价。使用梯度离心法提取外囊泡样纳米颗粒, 超声处理装载抗炎药物LCA, 制备LVLP@LCA纳米给药系统。制备得到的LVLP@LCA的粒径为160 nm左右, 呈茶托状双层膜结构, 具有较高的包封率和载药量。体外结果表明, LVLP@LCA进一步增强LCA抑制炎性细胞增殖并降低炎性细胞中ROS和NO水平的能力。同时ELISA和qRT-PCR结果表明, LVLP@LCA能够显著降低IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、CCL5、CCL17等相关炎症因子和趋化因子的分泌和mRNA表达。通过蛋白质免疫印迹实验证明, LVLP@LCA通过JAK/STAT通路降低炎症诱导因子IL-6的表达水平, 进而抑制炎症反应激活。本研究为甘草药载一体的综合抗炎作用提供理论依据, 为中药甘草抗特应性皮炎应用提供一种新思路。

, correspAuthors=薛玉叶, 袁海龙, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
薛玉叶, Tel: 19290178642, E-mail:
袁海龙, Tel: 86-10-66928505, E-mail:
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Nat Immunol, 2018, 19: 1286-1298., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1190354986895773915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=John JO, Daniella MS, Alejandro VV, et al. The JAK-STAT pathway: impact on human disease and therapeutic intervention [J]. Annu Rev Med, 2015, 66: 311-328., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1190354986996437212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Thien TPD, Kwangho S, Jee YK, et al. Igalan from Inula helenium (L.) suppresses the atopic dermatitis-like response in stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes via JAK/STAT3 signaling [J]. Inflamm Res, 2020, 69: 309-319., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1190354987071934685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Krzysztof S, Magdalena T, Roman JN. JAK-STAT inhibitors in atopic dermatitis from pathogenesis to clinical trials results [J]. Microorganisms, 2020, 8: 1743., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1190354983913623743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, awardId=82174074, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(82174074), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1190354983963955392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, awardId=LH202416, language=CN, fundingSource=空军军医大学领航行动-新飞计划(LH202416), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1190354979090174067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1190354979098562676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, companyId=1190354979090174067, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1190354979106951285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, companyId=1190354979090174067, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032)]), AuthorCompany(id=1190354979174060150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1190354979199225975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, companyId=1190354979174060150, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Air Force Medical University, Beijing 100142, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1190354979224391800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, companyId=1190354979174060150, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 空军军医大学空军特色医学中心 药学部, 北京 100142)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1190354982818910383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=jvQsc6BaaoQeL7mBDN94fQ==, figureFileBig=6V+k3dxf8uarEGBlVDNViQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354982886019248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption=

The characterization of Exo drug delivery systems. A: The morphology (×60.0 k) of LVLP and LVLP@LCA. Scale bar: 100 nm; B: The maps of LVLP and LVLP@LCA. LVLP: Licorice-derived vesicle-like particles; LCA: Licochalcone-A

, figureFileSmall=jvQsc6BaaoQeL7mBDN94fQ==, figureFileBig=6V+k3dxf8uarEGBlVDNViQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354982986682545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=DDopfdaKqw1+BaLUXhg9pw==, figureFileBig=9Rg5hWhpAluGbkmUvupDkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354983045402802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=

Effect of LVLP@LCA on HaCaT cell viability and proliferation. A: Effect of LVLP@LCA on HaCaT cell activity; B: Effect of LVLP@LCA on proliferative activity of HaCaT inflammatory cells. n = 3, $ \overline{x} $ ± s. ###P < 0.001 vs Control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs Model group; &P < 0.05 vs LVLP group; P < 0.05 vs LCA group

, figureFileSmall=DDopfdaKqw1+BaLUXhg9pw==, figureFileBig=9Rg5hWhpAluGbkmUvupDkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354983112511667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=DFR1OHU5ksDlakKwr3eKXw==, figureFileBig=NYDG4dsy13dEQwQtq8GXxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354983167037620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption=

Effect of LVLP@LCA on reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in HaCaT inflammatory cells. Scale bar: 50 μm. n = 3, $ \overline{x} $ ± s. ##P < 0.01 vs Control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs Model group; &P < 0.05 vs LVLP group; P < 0.05 vs LCA group

, figureFileSmall=DFR1OHU5ksDlakKwr3eKXw==, figureFileBig=NYDG4dsy13dEQwQtq8GXxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354983225757877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=aT1bXprcYJ8if7Osu2kEag==, figureFileBig=6vMxuoRv5R483qXjZzz14g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354983301255350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption=

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on HaCaT inflammatory cells in each group. A: Effect of LVLP@LCA on NO levels in HaCaT inflammatory cells; B-D: Expression of inflammatory factors in cell supernatant of each group. NO: Nitric oxide. n = 3, $ \overline{x} $ ± s. ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs Control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs Model group; &P < 0.05 vs LVLP group; P < 0.05 vs LCA group

, figureFileSmall=aT1bXprcYJ8if7Osu2kEag==, figureFileBig=6vMxuoRv5R483qXjZzz14g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354983359975607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=8hg1azpMX6EkRFHmeaja4w==, figureFileBig=xEv0xZZ9iTvaIx6qq0KiYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354983406112952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption=

mRNA expression of related inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in each group. A: IL-6; B: IL-1β; C: TNF-α; D: CCL5; E: CCL17. n = 3, $ \overline{x} $ ± s. ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs Control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs Model group; &P < 0.05 vs LVLP group; P < 0.05 vs LCA group

, figureFileSmall=8hg1azpMX6EkRFHmeaja4w==, figureFileBig=xEv0xZZ9iTvaIx6qq0KiYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354983460638905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=oKXZ+J7MyG9nOmrOOlnR6w==, figureFileBig=xLYUZq/hPGIXs13c2n1HKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190354983536136378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption=

Effect of different dosing groups on HaCaT inflammatory cells. Effects of different administration treatments on the expression of IL-6 and JAK-STAT signaling pathway proteins in HaCaT inflammatory cells (A), and the effects of different administration groups on the expression of p-JAK1 (B), p-STAT3 (C) and IL-6 (D). n = 3, $ \overline{x} $ ± s. ##P < 0.01 vs Control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs Model group; &P < 0.05 vs LVLP group; P < 0.05 vs LCA group

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Gene Primer sequence (5′-3′)
β-actin

Forward
Reverse
CACCATTGGCAATGAGCGGTTC
AGGTCTTTGCGGATGTCCACGT
TNF-α

Forward
Reverse
CTCTTCTGCCTGCTGCACTTTG
ATGGGCTACAGGCTTGTCACTC
IL-6

Forward
Reverse
AGACAGCCACTCACCTCTTCAG
TTCTGCCAGTGCCTCTTTGCTG
IL-1β

Forward
Reverse
CCACAGACCTTCCAGGAGAATG
GTGCAGTTCAGTGATCGTACAGG
CCL5

Forward
Reverse
CCTGCTGCTTTGCCTACATTGC
ACACACTTGGCGGTTCTTTCGG
CCL17

Forward
Reverse
TTCTCTGCAGCACATCCACGCA
CTGGAGCAGTCCTCAGATGTCT
), ArticleFig(id=1190354983666159804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Sequence of qRT-PCR primers. TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; IL: Interleukin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Gene Primer sequence (5′-3′)
β-actin

Forward
Reverse
CACCATTGGCAATGAGCGGTTC
AGGTCTTTGCGGATGTCCACGT
TNF-α

Forward
Reverse
CTCTTCTGCCTGCTGCACTTTG
ATGGGCTACAGGCTTGTCACTC
IL-6

Forward
Reverse
AGACAGCCACTCACCTCTTCAG
TTCTGCCAGTGCCTCTTTGCTG
IL-1β

Forward
Reverse
CCACAGACCTTCCAGGAGAATG
GTGCAGTTCAGTGATCGTACAGG
CCL5

Forward
Reverse
CCTGCTGCTTTGCCTACATTGC
ACACACTTGGCGGTTCTTTCGG
CCL17

Forward
Reverse
TTCTCTGCAGCACATCCACGCA
CTGGAGCAGTCCTCAGATGTCT
), ArticleFig(id=1190354983720685757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1190335354860311379, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
LVLP∶LCA EE/% DL/%
2∶1 31.36 ± 0.85 13.55 ± 0.32
1∶1 50.34 ± 0.81 33.48 ± 0.36
1∶2 24.47 ± 0.52 32.86 ± 0.47
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Optimization of drug load ratio of LVLP@LCA. n = 3, $ \overline{x} $ ± s. EE: Encapsulation efficiency; DL: Drug loading

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
LVLP∶LCA EE/% DL/%
2∶1 31.36 ± 0.85 13.55 ± 0.32
1∶1 50.34 ± 0.81 33.48 ± 0.36
1∶2 24.47 ± 0.52 32.86 ± 0.47
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基于药载一体的甘草外囊泡样颗粒负载甘草查尔酮A纳米给药系统的构建及体外抗炎评价
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宁建涛 1, 2 , 邓翔 1, 2 , 陈莉 2 , 杭凌宇 2 , 朱煜文 2 , 武玲玲 2 , 薛玉叶 2, * , 袁海龙 1, 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(4): 1147-1155
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2025, 60(4): 1147-1155
基于药载一体的甘草外囊泡样颗粒负载甘草查尔酮A纳米给药系统的构建及体外抗炎评价
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宁建涛1, 2, 邓翔1, 2, 陈莉2, 杭凌宇2, 朱煜文2, 武玲玲2, 薛玉叶2, * , 袁海龙1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1 安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032
  • 2 空军军医大学空军特色医学中心 药学部, 北京 100142

通讯作者:

薛玉叶, Tel: 19290178642, E-mail:
袁海龙, Tel: 86-10-66928505, E-mail:
Construction and in vitro anti-inflammatory evaluation of a drug-loaded one-piece licorice exocyst-like particle-loaded licorice chalcone A nano-delivery system
Jian-tao NING1, 2, Xiang DENG1, 2, Li CHEN2, Ling-yu HANG2, Yu-wen ZHU2, Ling-ling WU2, Yu-ye XUE2, * , Hai-long YUAN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
  • 2Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Air Force Medical University, Beijing 100142, China
出版时间: 2025-04-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1139
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本研究以中药甘草来源的外囊泡样颗粒(licorice-derived vesicle-like particles, LVLPs) 为载体, 以同一来源中药的标志性活性成分——甘草查尔酮A (licochalcone-A, LCA) 为模型药物, 构建药载一体的外囊泡样纳米给药系统LVLP@LCA, 并对其体外特性和抗炎活性进行表征和评价。使用梯度离心法提取外囊泡样纳米颗粒, 超声处理装载抗炎药物LCA, 制备LVLP@LCA纳米给药系统。制备得到的LVLP@LCA的粒径为160 nm左右, 呈茶托状双层膜结构, 具有较高的包封率和载药量。体外结果表明, LVLP@LCA进一步增强LCA抑制炎性细胞增殖并降低炎性细胞中ROS和NO水平的能力。同时ELISA和qRT-PCR结果表明, LVLP@LCA能够显著降低IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、CCL5、CCL17等相关炎症因子和趋化因子的分泌和mRNA表达。通过蛋白质免疫印迹实验证明, LVLP@LCA通过JAK/STAT通路降低炎症诱导因子IL-6的表达水平, 进而抑制炎症反应激活。本研究为甘草药载一体的综合抗炎作用提供理论依据, 为中药甘草抗特应性皮炎应用提供一种新思路。

药载一体  /  外囊泡样颗粒  /  甘草查尔酮A  /  纳米给药系统  /  抗炎作用

In this study, licorice-derived vesicle-like particles (LVLPs) were used as carriers, and licochalcone-A (LCA), a signature active ingredient of the same source, was used as a model drug to construct a drug-loaded LVLP@LCA nanodelivery system, and to characterize and evaluate its in vitro properties and anti-inflammatory activity. Licochalcone-A (LCA), a signature active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine from the same source, was used as a model drug to construct a drug-loaded exocyst-like nano-delivery system, LVLP@LCA, and its in vitro properties and anti-inflammatory activities were characterized and evaluated. The LVLP@LCA nanodelivery system was prepared by extracting the exocyst-like nanoparticles by gradient centrifugation and loading the anti-inflammatory drug LCA by ultrasonication. The LVLP@LCA nanoparticles were prepared with a particle size of about 160 nm and a tea saucershaped bilayer structure, with a high encapsulation rate and drug loading capacity. The in vitro results showed that LVLP@LCA further enhanced the ability of LCA to inhibit the proliferation of inflammatory cells and reduce the levels of ROS and NO in inflammatory cells. Meanwhile, ELISA and qRT-PCR results showed that LVLP@LCA significantly reduced the secretion and mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, CCL5, CCL17 and other related inflammatory factors and chemokines. It was demonstrated by Western blot that LVLP@LCA reduced the expression of inflammation-inducing factor interleukin 6 (IL-6) through the JAK/STAT pathway, and then inhibited the activation of inflammatory response. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive anti-inflammatory effect of LVLP@LCA and a new way of thinking for the application of Glycyrrhiza glabra as a traditional Chinese medicine against atopic dermatitis.

drug-carrying system  /  external vesicle-like nanoparticle  /  licorice chalcone A  /  nano drug delivery system  /  anti-inflammatory effect
宁建涛, 邓翔, 陈莉, 杭凌宇, 朱煜文, 武玲玲, 薛玉叶, 袁海龙. 基于药载一体的甘草外囊泡样颗粒负载甘草查尔酮A纳米给药系统的构建及体外抗炎评价. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (4) : 1147 -1155 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1139
Jian-tao NING, Xiang DENG, Li CHEN, Ling-yu HANG, Yu-wen ZHU, Ling-ling WU, Yu-ye XUE, Hai-long YUAN. Construction and in vitro anti-inflammatory evaluation of a drug-loaded one-piece licorice exocyst-like particle-loaded licorice chalcone A nano-delivery system[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (4) : 1147 -1155 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1139
特应性皮炎(atopic dermatitis, AD) 是最常见的慢性炎症性皮肤病, 发病范围广, 影响全球15%~20%的儿童和2.1%~4.9%的成人[1, 2], 具有复发性、瘙痒性等特点, 且常伴随季节性发病[3]。AD的发病机制复杂, 与免疫系统异常、皮肤屏障功能破坏、遗传易感性、环境中变应原刺激和搔抓等有关, 目前认为辅助性T细胞2介导的炎症反应是其关键发病机制[4]。在遗传和环境因素的背景下, 表皮屏障功能障碍和免疫失调被认为是AD复发和恶化的罪魁祸首[5]。目前AD常用的治疗药物是糖皮质激素、钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂、免疫抑制剂等, 虽然这些药物治疗效果良好, 但一旦停用病情易复发, 且长期使用可能导致皮肤萎缩、局部烧灼和刺激、血管扩张及胃肠道反应等一系列不良反应[6], 严重影响患者生活质量, 因此迫切需要开发更安全、更有效的抗AD药物。目前中药天然产物在炎症治疗中独特的生物活性受到国内外学者越来越多的关注, 中药甘草及其衍生物则是其中的热点。
甘草为豆科多年生草本植物, 是乌拉尔甘草、光果甘草及胀果甘草的干燥根与根茎, 是临床上常用的中药材, 有“十方九草”之说, 早在《神农本草经》中就记载其清热作用较强, 能“主五脏六腑寒热邪气”, 具有清热解毒、缓急止痛、调和诸药等多种功效。现代药理学研究表明, 甘草具有抗炎、抗氧化等诸多药理作用[7]。甘草的活性成分主要包含三萜类化合物与黄酮类化合物[8], 而甘草查尔酮A (licochalcone-A, LCA) 作为甘草中一种代表性黄酮, 具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒等多种生物活性[9, 10]。然而, LCA存在水溶性差、生物利用度低的问题, 严重限制了其临床应用[11, 12]
近年来, 仿生纳米载体在药物递送中表现出独特的优势, 如改善生物相容性、提高药物溶解度、降低毒副作用等, 成为药剂学领域研究的热点。与脂质体、胶束、纳米粒等纳米载体相比, 植物来源的外囊泡样颗粒(plant-derived vesicle-like particles, PDVLPs) 作为一种天然药物载体, 具有低毒性、低免疫风险、高生物相容性和包载药物种类多等优势[13], 同时由于其天然脂质双层结构, 可跨越多种生物屏障, 快速高效地将药物递送到细胞或者组织内部[14], 从而更好地发挥治疗作用。本研究以甘草来源的外囊泡样颗粒作为LCA的递送载体, 利用其天然的脂双层结构将药物递送至细胞或组织内部, 提高药物的递送效率。
同时, PDVLPs也正在成为新一代的纳米治疗药物, 其依赖于自身含有的脂质、microRNA、蛋白质及其他活性成分发挥药理作用[15], 如人参[16]和生姜[17]等来源的外囊泡样颗粒可以通过其所含的天然脂质、microRNA或其他生物成分发挥抗炎和抗氧化作用。本研究以中药甘草来源的外囊泡样颗粒作为载体, 负载甘草的特征性查尔酮成分——LCA, 制备药载一体的新型中药纳米给药系统LVLP@LCA, 发挥其药载一体的优势, 改善LCA生物利用度且增强药效, 从而综合发挥抗炎作用。
药品与试剂    甘草查尔酮A (licochalcone-A, LCA, 批号58749-22-7, 纯度98%, 宝鸡市辰光生物科技有限公司); 二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、DMEM高糖基础培养基、PBS缓冲液、胎牛血清、青霉素-链霉素溶液(武汉普诺赛生命科技有限公司); 0.25%胰蛋白酶(批号: 25200-072, 美国Gibco公司); 细胞增殖-毒性检测试剂盒(cell counting kit-8, CCK-8, 南京诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司); 人白细胞介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6) 酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) 试剂盒、肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α) ELISA试剂盒、白细胞介素-1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β) ELISA试剂盒; 活性氧检测试剂盒(武汉伊莱瑞特生物科技股份有限公司); Trizol裂解液(批号: 15596026CN, 美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); PrimeScript™ RT Master Mix (Perfect Real Time) (批号: RR036A, 日本Takara公司); 2×T5 Fast qPCR Mix (SYBR Green Ⅰ) (批号: TSE401, 北京擎科生物科技股份有限公司); NO检测试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术有限公司); 三色预染蛋白Marker、7.5%和12.5% Omni-EasyTM一步法PAGE凝胶快速制备试剂盒(上海雅酶生物医药科技有限公司); STAT-3一抗(鼠源)、p-STAT-3一抗(鼠源)、p-JAK1一抗(鼠源) (美国Affinity公司); JAK1一抗(兔源)、β-actin一抗(鼠源)、辣根酶标记山羊抗兔lgG蛋白二抗和辣根酶标记山羊抗鼠lgG蛋白二抗、重组肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)、重组γ-干扰素(γ-interferon, IFN-γ) (美国proteintech公司); IL-6一抗(鼠源) (批号: bs-0782R, 北京博奥森生物科技有限公司); ECL超敏发光液(批号: IF6747, 美国Engibody公司)。
仪器    XPN-100超速离心机(美国贝克曼公司); Primovert型倒置荧光显微镜(蔡司科技苏州有限公司); UV5Nano超微量分光光度计(瑞士Mettler Toledo); T100型PCR仪、CFX96荧光定量PCR仪、ChemiDoc MP Imaging System全能型成像仪(美国BIO-RAD); Micro21R型高速冷冻离心机(美国ThermoFisher); Symergy H1多功能酶标仪(美国BioTek); DMI3000型倒置荧光显微镜(德国徕卡)。
细胞    人永生化角质形成细胞(HaCaT), 购自上海富衡生物科技有限公司。
LVLP@LCA的制备    首先, 将新鲜甘草用超纯水洗净除杂, 切块, 加适量PBS高速剪切, 得到的汁液经3层纱布过滤后去除大量杂质; 然后收集滤液于离心管内, 依次经过以下离心条件操作: 400 ×g、10 min; 1 000 ×g、20 min; 3 000 ×g、30 min; 10 000 ×g、60 min; 100 000 ×g、70 min, 去除上清液, 用预冷的1×PBS重悬后, 再次4 ℃, 100 000 ×g超速离心70 min, 除去上清后用PBS重悬沉淀即得LVLP悬液。
采用超声法制备LVLP@LCA[18]   将LCA的DMSO溶液(10 mg·mL-1) 和LVLP载体溶液置于探头超声仪中进行超声处理。超声仪参数设置为: 20%振幅, 30 s开/关, 持续2 min, 共5个循环, 每个循环之间有2 min的冷却时间。经超声处理的混合物于37 ℃下静置1 h, 以恢复囊泡膜结构, 于4 ℃, 100 000 ×g超速离心70 min, 除去上清液, 将离心沉淀物采用预冷PBS重悬, 即得LVLP@LCA。
包封率(encapsulation efficiency, EE) 与载药量(drug loading, DL) 的测定    按上述方法制备和分离LVLP@LCA, 收集上清液, 采用酶标仪法在370 nm处通过测定超声前后溶液中LCA浓度变化来测定载入LVLP中的LCA含量。根据公式(1)、(2) 计算LVLP@LCA的EE和DL[19]
$ \mathrm{EE} \%=\left(W_{\text {total }}-W_{\text {free }}\right) / W_{\text {total }} \times 100 \%$
$\mathrm{DL} \%=W_{\mathrm{e}} /\left(W_{\mathrm{e}}+W_{\mathrm{m}}\right) \times 100 \%$
其中, WtotalWfreeWeWm分别为制备过程中加入药物总质量、未能包载的游离药物质量、包载在LVLP中的药物质量、LVLP载体的质量。
以载体对药物的EE和DL为主要指标, 将LVLP (总蛋白质量) 和LCA的质量比分别设置为2∶1、1∶1、1∶2, 筛选LVLP和LCA的用量。
LVLP@LCA粒径、电位和形态学考察    用纯化水稀释LVLP@LCA, 使用纳米颗粒跟踪粒度仪检测载药前后粒子大小变化, 纳米粒度电位仪检测载药前后外囊泡样颗粒的粒径与zeta电位。取5 μL悬液于铜网上, 滴加醋酸双氧铀液负染, 室温干燥后, 采用透射电镜在100 kV下进行检测成像观察LVLP和LVLP@LCA的形态结构。
细胞培养及传代    HaCaT细胞置于含10%胎牛血清、1%青-链霉素高糖DMEM培养基中, 37 ℃、5% CO2恒温培养箱进行贴壁培养。按1∶3比例传代培养, 待细胞生长状态良好且处于对数生长期时进行下一步实验。
细胞毒性    将HaCaT细胞以每孔1×104个的密度接种在96孔板中, 37 ℃培养24 h, 实验组分别加入不同质量浓度的LVLP@LCA, 其总蛋白质量浓度分别为1、5、10、25、50、100 μg·mL-1, 对照组细胞不加制剂, 空白组只加入PBS (n = 6)。继续孵育24 h, 分别于每个孔中加入10 μL的CCK8溶液, 继续孵育2 h, 使用酶标仪测定450 nm处各孔的吸光度值, 根据公式(3) 计算不同实验组细胞存活率。
$\text { 细胞存活率 }=\left[\left(A_{\mathrm{s}}-A_{\mathrm{b}}\right) /\left(A_{\mathrm{c}}-A_{\mathrm{b}}\right)\right] \times 100 \%$
其中, AsAbAc分别为实验组、空白组和对照组的吸光度值。
LVLP@LCA对HaCaT炎性细胞增殖的影响    将HaCaT细胞以每孔1×104接种在96孔板中, 37 ℃培养24 h, 将细胞分为对照组、模型组(10 ng·mL-1 TNF-α和10 ng·mL-1 IFN-γ)、LVLP组(10 ng·mL-1 TNF-α和10 ng·mL-1 IFN-γ + 5 μg·mL-1 LVLP)、LCA组(10 ng·mL-1 TNF-α和10 ng·mL-1 IFN-γ + 5 μg·mL-1 LCA)、LVLP@LCA组(10 ng·mL-1 TNF-α和10 ng·mL-1 IFN-γ + 含5 μg·mL-1 LCA), 按照分组加入药物, 对照组细胞不加药物, 空白组只加入PBS (n = 6)[20]。继续孵育24 h, 分别于每个孔中加入10 μL的CCK8溶液, 继续孵育2 h, 利用酶标仪测定450 nm处各孔的吸光度值, 根据公式(3) 计算不同实验组细胞存活率。
LVLP@LCA对细胞内ROS水平的影响    采用DCFH-DA探针检测细胞内ROS水平。将细胞接种于6孔板中, 待细胞长至适宜密度后, 将细胞分为对照组、模型组、LVLP组、LCA组、LVLP@LCA组, 按照分组加入药物, 对照组细胞不加药物。孵育24 h后, 用PBS清洗3次, 每孔加入含质量浓度为10 μmol·L-1的DCFH-DA的无血清培养基, 37 ℃避光孵育20 min, 用无血清细胞培养基洗涤细胞3次, 使用荧光倒置显微镜观察细胞并拍摄照片记录。
LVLP@LCA对细胞NO水平的影响    采用Griess法检测细胞NO水平。将细胞接种于6孔板中, 待细胞长至适宜密度后, 将细胞分为对照组、模型组、LVLP组、LCA组、LVLP@LCA组, 按照分组加入药物, 对照组细胞不加药物。孵育24 h后, 取出Griess Reagent Ⅰ和Ⅱ, 室温放置30 min。收集细胞培养液上清, 在96孔板中每孔加入稀释好的标准溶液和细胞培养液上清各50 μL, 向各孔中加入50 μL Griess Reagent Ⅰ, 然后再向各孔中加入50 μL Griess Reagent Ⅱ, 静置10 min, 最后将96孔板轻轻振荡数次, 待各孔反应液混匀后, 于540 nm波长下检测各孔的吸光度值。
LVLP@LCA对细胞炎症因子的调节作用    将细胞接种于6孔板中, 待细胞长至适宜密度后, 将细胞分为对照组、模型组、LVLP组、LCA组、LVLP@LCA组, 按照分组加入药物, 对照组细胞不加药物, 孵育24 h。培养结束后, 收集上清培养液, 3 500 r·min-1离心10 min, 取上清液用ELISA试剂盒测定TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6因子含量。
LVLP@LCA对细胞炎症因子和趋化因子的mRNA表达的影响    将细胞接种于6孔板中, 在培养箱中培养24 h, 将细胞分为对照组、模型组、LVLP组、LCA组、LVLP@LCA组, 按照分组加入药物, 对照组细胞不加药物, 孵育24 h。培养结束后, 使用Trizol提取细胞总RNA, 紫外分光光度仪测定RNA浓度, 将RNA逆转录得到cDNA, 再以cDNA为模板, 按RT-PCR试剂盒步骤检测TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、CCL5、CCL17 mRNA水平。各基因及其内参的扩增引物序列见表 1, 由北京擎科生物科技股份有限公司合成, 采用2-ΔΔCT法对RT-qPCR结果进行数据处理, 实验重复3次。
Western blot实验探究LVLP@LCA对HaCaT炎性细胞相关通路蛋白表达的影响    将细胞接种于6孔板中, 在培养箱中培养24 h, 将细胞分为对照组、模型组、LVLP组、LCA组、LVLP@LCA组, 按照分组加入药物, 对照组细胞不加药物, 孵育24 h。培养结束后, 用适量预冷的1×PBS洗涤2次, 加入含有1%磷酸酶抑制剂和1%蛋白酶抑制剂的RIPA裂解液提取蛋白, 离心取上清, 然后用BCA试剂盒进行蛋白定量; 通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳将蛋白质分离并转移到PVDF膜上。PVDF膜用快速封闭液封闭, 然后分别加入p-STAT3、STAT3、p-JAK1、JAK1、IL-6、β-actin等一抗, 4 ℃孵育过夜; 过夜后, 用TBST清洗蛋白条带, 最后将蛋白带与二抗孵育, 用化学发光液成像, 并用Bio Imaging系统显影, 采用Image J软件分析蛋白条带灰度值。
统计学分析    使用GraphPad Prism 8.0对数据进行统计分析, 结果以$ \overline{x} $ ± s表示, 采用t-test或one-way ANOVA分析各组数据间的差异, P < 0.05表示各组数据间的差异具有统计学意义。
图 1所示, 透射电镜结果显示, 提取的外囊泡样颗粒LVLP呈现茶托状的脂质双层结构。经超声处理载药后, LVLP@LCA与不载药的空白载体形态变化不大。粒径和电位结果显示, LVLP粒径为137.8 ± 1.43 nm, LVLP@LCA的粒径增长到163.1 ± 2.35 nm, 同时zeta电位由-14.82 ± 2.33 mV下降为-22.51 ± 3.12 mV。载药后的形态及粒径结果表明(图 1AB), 超声制备的LVLP@LCA具备更大的粒径和电位, 但是其形态结构未发生显著变化, 表明其生物学特性仍得到保留。
表 2为不同LVLP和LCA质量比制备的LVLP@LCA的包封率和载药量, 结果表明, 在LVLP量一定时, LVLP@LCA的包封率和载药量一定程度上随着投药量增加而增加, 当LVLP总蛋白质量与LCA质量比为1∶1时, LVLP@LCA具有较高的包封率和载药量, 分别为(50.34 ± 0.81)% 和(33.48 ± 0.36)%, 因此选择1∶1的药载比进行后续实验。
采用CCK8法评价不同质量浓度LVLP@LCA对HaCaT细胞的影响, 结果如图 2A所示, 不同质量浓度LVLP@LCA与HaCaT细胞孵育24 h后, 细胞存活率均大于95%, 且与对照组相比, 无显著性差异(P > 0.05), 说明LVLP@LCA药物安全性良好。此外, LVLP@LCA在100 μg·mL-1高质量浓度下无明显细胞毒性, 表明其具有良好的生物相容性。
为了进一步探究LVLP、LCA和LVLP@LCA能否对炎症细胞增殖产生抑制作用, 采用TNF-α和IFN-γ两种细胞因子刺激正常HaCaT细胞转变为炎症细胞, 并对其进行不同药物处理。结果如图 2B所示, 与模型组相比, LVLP或LCA处理后, HaCaT细胞增殖受到抑制(P < 0.05); 而与LVLP和LCA处理组相比, LVLP@LCA显著增强了HaCaT炎性细胞增殖的抑制作用(P < 0.05), 这可能是由于LCA被包载在LVLP中, 增加了LCA的溶解度, 进而提高了其生物利用度。
细胞炎症状态下会导致氧化应激, 进而诱导产生过量的ROS。采用DCFH-DA荧光探针法评估LVLP、LCA、LVLP@LCA对HaCaT炎性细胞ROS水平的影响。结果如图 3所示, 与对照组比较, 模型组ROS水平显著上升(P < 0.01); 与模型组比较, LVLP@LCA处理后细胞上清中ROS水平显著降低(P < 0.01), 且优于LCA或LVLP组(P < 0.05), 说明LVLP@LCA能够更好地降低ROS的水平, 调节活性氧和抗氧化系统之间的平衡, 抑制氧化应激的产生。
过量的ROS会导致细胞NO水平升高, 采用Griess法测定不同处理组对炎性细胞NO浓度的抑制效果, 结果如图 4A所示, 与对照组比较, 模型组NO水平显著上升(P < 0.01); 与模型组比较, LVLP@LCA组细胞上清中的NO水平显著降低(P < 0.01), 且优于LCA或LVLP组(P < 0.05), 证明LVLP@LCA能够有效增强LCA的抗氧化能力, 减少脂质氧化。
通过ELISA法测定细胞培养液中炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β的含量。结果如图 4B所示, 用10 ng·mL-1 TNF-α和10 ng·mL-1 IFN-γ诱导HaCaT细胞后, 细胞炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β的分泌水平明显高于对照组(P < 0.001); 同时, 与模型组比较, LVLP@LCA组细胞上清中的IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β水平显著降低(P < 0.01), 且优于LCA组和LVLP组(P < 0.05)。LVLP@LCA展现出更强地抑制HaCaT炎症细胞中炎症因子分泌的抑制效果, 表明LVLP能够有效增强LCA的抗炎作用。这可能是由于相比于游离形式的LCA, LVLP@LCA的脂质双层结构形态导致药物更容易被吸收, 产生药物累积。
通过qRT-PCR评估各处理组对细胞相关炎症因子和趋化因子的mRNA表达水平的影响。结果如图 5所示, 用10 ng·mL-1 TNF-α和10 ng·mL-1 IFN-γ诱导HaCaT细胞后, 细胞炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β, 以及趋化因子CCL5、CCL17的mRNA表达水平明显高于对照组(P < 0.001); 与模型组比较, LCA或LVLP组IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β、CCL5和CCL17的mRNA表达水平均显著下降(P < 0.05); 与LCA或LVLP组相比, LVLP@LCA组的炎症因子和趋化因子表达水平进一步降低。结果表明, LVLP@LCA纳米给药系统通过降低炎症因子和趋化因子的表达有效抑制炎症反应。
通过采用TNF-α和IFN-γ两种细胞因子刺激HaCaT细胞在体外模拟皮肤组织发生特应性皮炎的状况, 评估不同给药组处理后HaCaT细胞JAK-STAT (janus kinase, signal transducer and activator of transcription) 炎症通路蛋白及相关炎症蛋白IL-6的表达情况。结果如图 6所示, TNF-α和IFN-γ联合刺激后, HaCaT细胞内的p-STAT3、p-JAK1和IL-6的表达显著上调(P < 0.01), 证明TNF-α和IFN-γ两种细胞因子能够激活HaCaT细胞内IL-6的表达上调, 进而激活JAK/STAT通路。而在不同给药组处理后, IL-6相对表达水平均明显下调(P < 0.05), 证明LCA能够有效降低由于炎症反应激活上调的IL-6的水平, 抑制炎症反应。而LVLP@LCA与LCA相比, 展现出了更强的降低IL-6水平的作用(P < 0.05), 证明LVLP能够增强LCA的治疗效果。
通过检测JAK1/STAT3通路的表达情况, 炎症激活条件下p-STAT3、p-JAK1两种磷酸化蛋白表达含量均明显提升(P < 0.01)。而在不同给药组处理后, p-STAT3、p-JAK1两种磷酸化蛋白表达含量均有所下调。表明LVLP@LCA降低IL-6表达的作用机制可能是通过抑制JAK1、STAT3磷酸化, 进而抑制IL-6蛋白的翻译表达过程。
甘草在临床上可用于治疗皮炎、湿疹和支气管炎等一些免疫系统疾病。LCA是中药甘草中主要的活性成分, 具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等广泛的药理作用, 研究表明, 其对AD[20]、过敏性反应[21]等疾病具有较好的治疗效果, 但水溶性差、毒副作用大、生物利用度低等问题极大限制了它的临床应用。利用纳米给药系统将药物包载于聚合物纳米胶束、脂质体、纳米粒等可以延长药物体内循环时间、降低药物不良反应, 但人工合成的纳米材料存在难以降解、易被网状内皮系统捕获清除的问题[22]。本研究采用中药来源的外囊泡样颗粒作为递送载体, 具有生物相容性好和免疫原性低的特点。更重要的是, 甘草来源的外囊泡颗粒作为药物载体, 装载甘草的特征黄酮成分——LCA可发挥药载一体的联合抗炎作用, 进一步增强LCA的药效, 是一种优良的天然药物载体。
本研究利用药载一体的特点, 以甘草来源的外囊泡颗粒为载体, 包载LCA制备中药外囊泡样纳米给药系统LVLP@LCA。理化性质表征结果表明, LVLP@LCA呈现茶托状的脂质双层结构, 载药量达33.48%, 有效改善了LCA水溶性差的问题。角质形成细胞是表皮中的主要细胞, 在与AD相关的免疫反应中起重要作用[23]。在体外细胞毒性实验的基础上, 进一步研究了LVLP@LCA对HaCaT炎性细胞增殖的作用, 结果表明, 构建的LVLP@LCA不仅具有良好的生物相容性, 并且能够显著抑制炎性细胞增殖。同时氧化应激是促进AD炎症的关键致病因素[24], 它可以破坏活性氧和抗氧化系统之间的平衡, 诱导产生过量ROS, 升高NO水平, 进而导致皮肤屏障受损[25]。当表皮屏障受损时, 角质形成细胞会受到刺激过量分泌促炎因子和趋化因子, 包括IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β、CCL5和CCL17等[26], 激活Th2介导的免疫反应。Janus激酶信号转导和转录激活因子通路是介导免疫细胞、角质形成细胞和外周感觉神经元结合以传播炎症和瘙痒中至关重要的一部分[27], 同时在AD免疫发病机制涉及的多个免疫轴调节中发挥重要作用[28, 29], 能够参与调节炎症关键因子IL-6的翻译过程。结果表明, 构建的外囊泡样纳米递送系统LVLP@LCA通过抑制IL-6/JAK1/STAT3通路发挥药载一体的联合抗炎作用。与LVLP和LCA相比, LVLP@LCA能够显著降低HaCaT炎性细胞中ROS和NO的水平, 缓解氧化应激状态, 同时进一步抑制炎症因子的分泌和mRNA表达, 以及炎症相关趋化因子的mRNA表达, 增强药物抗炎作用, 减轻炎症对皮肤的损伤。
综上所述, 本研究构建的药载一体外囊泡样纳米给药系统LVLP@LCA不仅增加了LCA的溶解度, 具有良好的生物相容性, 而且通过将同一来源的LVLP和LCA结合发挥综合抗炎作用, 显著提高药物治疗效果, 体现了“药载一体”的递药优势, 为难溶性成分递送、中药抗炎症以及同一来源中药外囊泡样纳米颗粒作为药物载体抗炎研究提供新的思路。
作者贡献:
宁建涛负责实验操作、数据处理和初稿撰写; 邓翔负责甘草外囊泡样颗粒的提取; 陈莉、武玲玲负责细胞培养; 杭凌宇、朱煜文负责文献查阅; 薛玉叶、袁海龙负责课题的设计、指导和论文修改。
利益冲突: 本文所有作者声明不存在利益冲突关系。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82174074)
  • 空军军医大学领航行动-新飞计划(LH202416)
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2025年第60卷第4期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1139
  • 接收时间:2024-09-10
  • 首发时间:2025-10-29
  • 出版时间:2025-04-12
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-10
  • 修回日期:2025-02-13
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82174074)
空军军医大学领航行动-新飞计划(LH202416)
作者信息
    1 安徽医科大学药学院, 安徽 合肥 230032
    2 空军军医大学空军特色医学中心 药学部, 北京 100142

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薛玉叶, Tel: 19290178642, E-mail:
袁海龙, Tel: 86-10-66928505, E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1139
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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