Article(id=1308841080636928345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308840985296204417, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1762790400000, receivedDateStr=2025-11-11, revisedDate=1769529600000, revisedDateStr=2026-01-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789981630715, onlineDateStr=2026-09-21, pubDate=1778515200000, pubDateStr=2026-05-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789981630715, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789981630715, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789981630715, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308840985296204417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2026', volume='61', issue='5', pageStart='1435', pageEnd='1880', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1778515200000', pubDateStr='2026-05-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789981607984, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789984207975, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308851890515968861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308840985296204417, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308851890515968862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308840985296204417, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1688, endPage=1698, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308841080909558106, articleId=1308841080636928345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Novel pyrazole derivative IHMT-140 exerts anti-tumor effects by reprogramming the immune microenvironment through lysosomal pH regulation, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have a dual role in the tumor microenvironment, mediating both immune activation and suppression. M1-TAMs kill tumor cells, while M2-TAMs are immunosuppressive and promote tumor growth. The activation of TAMs and enhancement of their anti-tumor immune function is a major goal in cancer immunotherapy. Here, we report a novel pyrazole derivative, IHMT-140, which reprograms tumor-promoting M2 macrophages into tumor-suppressing M1 macrophages, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. Mechanistically, IHMT-140 raises lysosomal pH in M2 macrophages, blocking autophagy and activating MAPK and NF-κB signaling, which induces M2-TAMs to M1-TAMs and mediates the anti-tumor response. As a potential immunomodulator, IHMT-140 provides not only a new tool for studying TAM reprogramming, but also a foundation for developing related immunotherapies. All animal experimental protocols were approved by the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, with approval number DWLL-2023-116.

, authors=Wen-wen MA1, 2, Feng-ming ZOU1, Wen-chao WANG1, 2, Bei-lei WANG1, *, Qing-song LIU1, 2, *, authorsList=Wen-wen MA, Feng-ming ZOU, Wen-chao WANG, Bei-lei WANG, Qing-song LIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Bei-lei WANG, Qing-song LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2026 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308841084004954475, articleId=1308841080636928345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=新型吡唑衍生物IHMT-140通过溶酶体pH调控重编程免疫微环境发挥抗肿瘤作用, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophages, TAMs)在肿瘤微环境中扮演着双重角色, 既可参与免疫激活, 也能介导免疫抑制。具体而言, M1型TAMs具有免疫激活功能, 可杀伤肿瘤细胞; 而M2型TAMs则发挥免疫抑制作用, 促进肿瘤生长。因此, 如何激活TAMs并增强其抗肿瘤免疫功能, 已成为肿瘤免疫治疗领域的重要研究方向。本研究发现了一种新型吡唑衍生物IHMT-140, 该化合物能够将促肿瘤的M2型巨噬细胞重编程为抑肿瘤的M1型巨噬细胞, 从而发挥抗肿瘤效应。机制研究表明, IHMT-140可提高M2型巨噬细胞中溶酶体的pH值, 阻断自噬过程, 进而激活丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases, MAPKs)与核转录因子-κB (nuclear factor κB, NF-κB)信号通路, 最终诱导M2型TAMs向M1型TAMs转化, 实现对肿瘤的抑制作用。IHMT-140作为一种潜在的抗肿瘤免疫调节剂, 不仅为TAMs重编程机制研究提供了新型工具分子, 也为肿瘤免疫治疗策略的开发提供了研究基础。动物实验方案均经中国科学院合肥物质科学院所批准, 批准号为DWLL-2023-116。

, authors=马雯雯1, 2, 邹凤鸣1, 王文超1, 2, 王蓓蕾1, *, 刘青松1, 2, *, authorsList=马雯雯, 邹凤鸣, 王文超, 王蓓蕾, 刘青松, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王蓓蕾, 刘青松, authorNote=

作者贡献:

马雯雯和邹凤鸣参与了实验操作、数据处理; 王蓓蕾进行了实验设计与指导及部分数据处理、文章撰写及修改; 王文超和刘青松提出整体设计并指导文章修改。

, correspAuthorsNote=
王蓓蕾, E-mail:
刘青松, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2026, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=wZ6qP4njIMfkxG7CEU47gQ==, magXml=dxjh+Y9SGuDRYAdPbyvlmA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=vxrsX6qLRLRlIbulVSB62w==, pdfFileSize=4055091, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=+ADdOHTY3suHyPTf38jbig==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=yxtRKXld5MMA0neiKGMzuQ==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1308841084504076659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841084596351350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841084504076659, language=EN, stringName=Wen-wen MA, firstName=Wen-wen, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841084671848823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841084504076659, language=CN, stringName=马雯雯, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031
2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308841084407607663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084415996272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084424384881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026)])]), Author(id=1308841084772512121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841084848009595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841084772512121, language=EN, stringName=Feng-ming ZOU, firstName=Feng-ming, middleName=null, lastName=ZOU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841084948672892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841084772512121, language=CN, stringName=邹凤鸣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)])]), Author(id=1308841085015781758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085112250753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085015781758, language=EN, stringName=Wen-chao WANG, firstName=Wen-chao, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085196136834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085015781758, language=CN, stringName=王文超, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031
2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308841084407607663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084415996272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084424384881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026)])]), Author(id=1308841085284217220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=beilwang@hmfl.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085351326086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085284217220, language=EN, stringName=Bei-lei WANG, firstName=Bei-lei, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085422629255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085284217220, language=CN, stringName=王蓓蕾, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)])]), Author(id=1308841085489738121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=qsliu97@hmfl.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085582012812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085489738121, language=EN, stringName=Qing-song LIU, firstName=Qing-song, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, *, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085653315981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085489738121, language=CN, stringName=刘青松, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, *, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031
2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308841084407607663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084415996272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084424384881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1308841085737202062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=pyrazole derivative), Keyword(id=1308841085812699535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=tumor-associated macrophage), Keyword(id=1308841085896585616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=anti-tumor effect), Keyword(id=1308841085980471697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=lysosome), Keyword(id=1308841086055969170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=pH value), Keyword(id=1308841086135660947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=吡唑衍生物), Keyword(id=1308841086215352724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=肿瘤相关巨噬细胞), Keyword(id=1308841086278267285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=抗肿瘤作用), Keyword(id=1308841086357959062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=溶酶体), Keyword(id=1308841086437650839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=pH值)], refs=[Reference(id=1308841089797288362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yates LR, Campbell PJ. Evolution of the cancer genome [J]. Nat Rev Genet, 2012, 13: 795-806., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841089860202923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Stratton MR, Campbell PJ, Futreal PA. The cancer genome [J]. Nature, 2009, 458: 719-724., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841089918923180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Matsushita H, Vesely MD, Koboldt DC, et al. Cancer exome analysis reveals a T-cell-dependent mechanism of cancer immunoediting [J]. Nature, 2012, 482: 400-404., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841089990226349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Schreiber RD, Old LJ, Smyth MJ. Cancer immunoediting: Integrating immunity's roles in cancer suppression and promotion [J]. Science, 2011, 331: 1565-1570., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090057335214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Seager RJ, Hajal C, Spill F, et al. Dynamic interplay between tumour, stroma and immune system can drive or prevent tumour progression [J]. Converg Sci Phys Oncol, 2017, 3: 034002., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090124444079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Vesely MD, Kershaw MH, Schreiber RD, et al. Natural innate and adaptive immunity to cancer [J]. Annu Rev Immunol, 2011, 29: 235-271., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090187358640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Grivennikov SI, Greten FR, Karin M. Immunity, inflammation, and cancer [J]. Cell, 2010, 140: 883-899., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090258661809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li MY, Ye W, Luo KW. Immunotherapies targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancer [J]. Pharmaceutics, 2024, 16: 865., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090334159282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang S, Wang J, Chen Z, et al. Targeting M2-like tumor-associated macrophages is a potential therapeutic approach to overcome antitumor drug resistance [J]. NPJ Precis Oncol, 2024, 8: 31., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090401268147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ren LW, Yang YH, Zhang YZ, et al. Research progress in drugs targeting tumor associated macrophage [J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2023, 58: 3508-3518., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090464182708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xiang X, Wang J, Lu D, et al. Targeting tumor-associated macrophages to synergize tumor immunotherapy [J]. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2021, 6: 75., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090548068789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Barnes NG. Targeting TAMs [J]. Nat Rev Chem, 2022, 6: 678., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090657120694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ruffell B, Coussens LM. Macrophages and therapeutic resistance in cancer [J]. Cancer Cell, 2015, 27: 462-672., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090715840951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Y, Li S, To KKW, et al. Tumor-associated macrophages remodel the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment and targeted therapy for immunotherapy [J]. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2025, 44: 145., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090782949816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu J, Ding L, Mei J, et al. Dual roles and therapeutic targeting of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor microenvironments [J]. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2025, 10: 268., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090850058681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cassetta L, Pollard JW. A timeline of tumour-associated macrophage biology [J]. Nat Rev Cancer, 2023, 23: 238-257., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841090938139066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jin R, Neufeld L, McGaha TL. Linking macrophage metabolism to function in the tumor microenvironment [J]. Nat Cancer, 2025, 6: 239-252., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841091030413755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Majidpoor J, Mortezaee K. The efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cold cancers and future perspectives [J]. Clin Immunol, 2021, 226: 108707., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841091298849212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang F, Wang Y, Zeng Y, et al. Tumor-associated macrophage-related strategies for glioma immunotherapy [J]. NPJ Precis Oncol, 2023, 7: 78., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841091483398589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Strachan DC, Ruffell B, Oei Y, et al. CSF1R inhibition delays cervical and mammary tumor growth in murine models by attenuating the turnover of tumor-associated macrophages and enhancing infiltration by CD8+ T cells [J]. Oncoimmunology, 2013, 2: e26968., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841093249200574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Appelqvist H, Wäster P, Kågedal K, et al. The lysosome: From waste bag to potential therapeutic target [J]. J Mol Cell Biol, 2013, 5: 214-226., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841093328892351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Casey JR, Grinstein S, Orlowski J. Sensors and regulators of intracellular pH [J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2010, 11: 50-61., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841093400195520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen D, Xie J, Fiskesund R, et al. Chloroquine modulates antitumor immune response by resetting tumor-associated macrophages toward M1 phenotype [J]. Nat Commun, 2018, 9: 873., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841093467304385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Burris HA 3rd, Moore MJ, Andersen J, et al. Improvements in survival and clinical benefit with gemcitabine as first-line therapy for patients with advanced pancreas cancer: A randomized trial [J]. J Clin Oncol, 1997, 15: 2403-2413., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308841093546996162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Saftig P, Klumperman J. Lysosome biogenesis and lysosomal membrane proteins: Trafficking meets function [J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2009, 10: 623-635., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308841084407607663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084415996272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084424384881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1308841086559285656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Vl+er8B/6YWpy5JAu9t8fA==, figureFileBig=+ADdOHTY3suHyPTf38jbig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841086622200217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, label=Fig.1, caption=Assessment of the antitumor efficacy of IHMT-140 in a PANC02 syngeneic model. A: Schematic of the experimental design; B: Body weight change curves; C: Tumor growth curves; D: Final tumor weights from each treatment group; E: Representative photographs of excised tumors. n = 5, $ \overline{x}\pm s $. **P < 0.01 vs vehicle group, figureFileSmall=Vl+er8B/6YWpy5JAu9t8fA==, figureFileBig=+ADdOHTY3suHyPTf38jbig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841086831915418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=kVfNAInXvIy29naqNjzGaA==, figureFileBig=TZDw0s/MyAs8W6nnsfz/Zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841087045824923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, label=Fig.2, caption=Analysis of treatment effects on spleen weight and splenic immune cell populations. A: Quantification of spleen weight of each group; B-E: Proportion of NK cells (B), B cells (C), T cells (D), and CD8+ T cells (E) in spleen. n = 5, $ \overline{x}\pm s $. **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.000 1 vs vehicle group, figureFileSmall=kVfNAInXvIy29naqNjzGaA==, figureFileBig=TZDw0s/MyAs8W6nnsfz/Zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841088744518044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=QQkgIm5o0cT7Czcof5tBdg==, figureFileBig=+ulOHatgNotbsis5Er3WJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841088815821213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, label=Fig.3, caption=Evaluation of IHMT-140 on tumor microenvironment macrophage reprogramming in a PANC02 syngeneic mouse model. A: mRNA expression of M1-like macrophage marker iNOS in tumor tissues; B: mRNA expression of M2-like macrophage marker CD206 in tumor tissues; C: Representative immunohistochemical (IHC) staining images of tumors (scale bar, 40 μm). n = 5, $ \overline{x}\pm s $. **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.000 1 vs vehicle group, figureFileSmall=QQkgIm5o0cT7Czcof5tBdg==, figureFileBig=+ulOHatgNotbsis5Er3WJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841088882930078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=y8rkMIaG++DcQzSy7oo8uQ==, figureFileBig=IZ4UB0btlPLam3SlOxpaOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841088966816159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, label=Fig.4, caption=Transcriptome profiling of IHMT-140-treated BMDM cells. A: Bar graph depicting the quantitative distribution of upregulated and downregulated DEGs; B: Volcano plot visualizing the magnitude and statistical significance of DEGs, highlighting upregulated (blue) and downregulated (red) genes; C: Top 10 enriched pathways from KEGG analyses; D: Top 10 enriched pathways from GO-BP analyses; E: Top 10 enriched pathways from GO-CC analyses; F: Top 10 enriched pathways from GO-MF analyses. DEGs: Differentially expressed genes; KEGG: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes; GO-BP: Gene ontology biological process; GO-CC: Gene ontology cellular component; GO-MF: Gene ontology molecular function, figureFileSmall=y8rkMIaG++DcQzSy7oo8uQ==, figureFileBig=IZ4UB0btlPLam3SlOxpaOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841089067479456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=nT3fLZyl802hT/sgpalCOQ==, figureFileBig=+TSs6DX7mPaCLieDDYReUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841089155559841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, label=Fig.5, caption=Morphological changes associated with IHMT-140 induced repolarization of M2-type TAMs to M1-type TAMs. A: Representative images of M2-type THP-1-derived macrophages after treatment; B: Representative images of M2-type BMDM after treatment (scale bar, 50 μm). BMDM: Bone marrow-derived macrophages, figureFileSmall=nT3fLZyl802hT/sgpalCOQ==, figureFileBig=+TSs6DX7mPaCLieDDYReUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841089235251618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=0a8d0aliOgXBp1yMgoqT1g==, figureFileBig=TzpTQceCWWBo/ezn0RjuaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841089298166179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, label=Fig.6, caption=IHMT-140 promotes M2-to-M1 repolarization in TAMs. A-D: In THP-1-derived macrophages, RT-qPCR analysis shows the relative mRNA levels of CD86 (A), ARG (B), CD206 (C), and IL-10 (D) after treatment with or without IHMT-140; E-G: In BMDM, the relative mRNA levels of iNOS (E), ARG (F), and CD206 (G) are shown; H: Relative mRNA levels of key M1 (TNF-α, IL-6) and M2 (IL-10) inflammatory factors are also presented. n = 3, $ \overline{x}\pm s $. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.000 1 vs M2 without IHMT-140 group, figureFileSmall=0a8d0aliOgXBp1yMgoqT1g==, figureFileBig=TzpTQceCWWBo/ezn0RjuaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841089382052260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=DRoEeTqBcUPqTa+JrgaI/g==, figureFileBig=6fFyPc7QLCa7z4qE8GsrDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841089444966821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, label=Fig.7, caption=IHMT-140 increases lysosomal pH in M2-TAMs. A: Lysosomal pH measurements in M2-polarized THP-1 cells following IHMT-140 treatment; B: Lysosomal pH measurements in M2-polarized bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM-M2) following treatment with IHMT-140. n = 3, $ \overline{x}\pm s $. ***P < 0.001, figureFileSmall=DRoEeTqBcUPqTa+JrgaI/g==, figureFileBig=6fFyPc7QLCa7z4qE8GsrDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841089503687078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=40sFhHZAjeuxD8LxuLIi7A==, figureFileBig=5o8cCIQx03/xX62oIWqo0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841089562407335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, label=Fig.8, caption=Analysis of signaling pathways following IHMT-140 treatment. A: Western blot analysis of p62, LC3B, p-p38, p-JNK, and p-NF-κB after 12 h of IHMT-140 or chloroquine (CQ) treatment; B: Quantitative analysis of the protein levels shown in (A); C: Immunofluorescence imaging of NF-κB (red) and nuclei (DAPI, blue) in M2-polarized BMDM (scale bar, 20 μm); D: Relative mRNA levels of CD86 (M1 marker) and CD206 (M2 marker) in BMDMs treated with IHMT-140 (10 μmol·L-1) alone or in combination with the p38 inhibitor SB203580 (3 μmol·L-1), the JNK inhibitor SP600125 (20 μmol·L-1), or L-lactic acid (LAC, 100 mmol·L-1) for 48 h. n = 3, $ \overline{x}\pm s $. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.000 1 vs IHMT-140 group, figureFileSmall=40sFhHZAjeuxD8LxuLIi7A==, figureFileBig=5o8cCIQx03/xX62oIWqo0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308841089633710504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GeneForward primer sequenceReverse primer sequence
hCD86CTCTTTGTGATGGCCTTCCTGCTTAGGTTCTGGGTAACCGTG
hCD206CTACAAGGGATCGGGTTTATGGATTGGCATTGCCTAGTAGCGTA
hIL-10GGGAGCCCCTTTGATGATTAAGCCACAGCTTTCAAGAATGAAGT
hARGGTGGAAACTTGCATGGACAACAATCCTGGCACATCGGGAATC
hGAPDHCCAAGGAGTAAGACCCCTGGTGGTTGAGCACAGGGTACTT
miNOSATCTTTGCCACCAAGATGGCCTGGTTCCTGTGCTGTGCTACAGTTCCG
mCD206CTCTGTTCAGCTATTGGACGCCGGAATTTCTGGGATTCAGCTTC
mTNF-αCCACGTCGTAGCAAACCACTTGTCCCTTGAAGAGAACCTG
mARGCATATCTGCCAAAGACATCGTGGACATCAAAGCTCAGGTGAATC
mIL-6CCCAATTTCCAATGCTCTCCTAAGGAATGTCCACAAACTGATATGCT
mIL-10GCTGAGGCGCTGTCATCGATTTGGCCCTGCAGCTCTCAAGTGT
mTubulinAGATTTGATGGGGCCCTGAACAGGCATTGGTGATCTCTGC
), ArticleFig(id=1308841089692430761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, language=CN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Primer sequences used for RT-qPCR. iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase; CD206: Mannose receptor C-type; GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; CD86: Cluster of differentiation 86; ARG: Arginase; IL-10: Interleukin-10; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6: Interleukin-6

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GeneForward primer sequenceReverse primer sequence
hCD86CTCTTTGTGATGGCCTTCCTGCTTAGGTTCTGGGTAACCGTG
hCD206CTACAAGGGATCGGGTTTATGGATTGGCATTGCCTAGTAGCGTA
hIL-10GGGAGCCCCTTTGATGATTAAGCCACAGCTTTCAAGAATGAAGT
hARGGTGGAAACTTGCATGGACAACAATCCTGGCACATCGGGAATC
hGAPDHCCAAGGAGTAAGACCCCTGGTGGTTGAGCACAGGGTACTT
miNOSATCTTTGCCACCAAGATGGCCTGGTTCCTGTGCTGTGCTACAGTTCCG
mCD206CTCTGTTCAGCTATTGGACGCCGGAATTTCTGGGATTCAGCTTC
mTNF-αCCACGTCGTAGCAAACCACTTGTCCCTTGAAGAGAACCTG
mARGCATATCTGCCAAAGACATCGTGGACATCAAAGCTCAGGTGAATC
mIL-6CCCAATTTCCAATGCTCTCCTAAGGAATGTCCACAAACTGATATGCT
mIL-10GCTGAGGCGCTGTCATCGATTTGGCCCTGCAGCTCTCAAGTGT
mTubulinAGATTTGATGGGGCCCTGAACAGGCATTGGTGATCTCTGC
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1189982048455397383, delFlag=0, nameCn=药学学报, nameEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0513-4870, eissn=null, cn=11-2163/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1761643429151, updatedTime=1788948913902, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=Y, firstLetterEn=Y, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, picEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304509553505227679, language=CN, name=药学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=中国科学技术协会, sponsoredBy=中国药学会、中国医学科学院药物研究所, publishedBy=《药学学报》编辑委员会编辑出版, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788948914171, updatedTime=1788948914171, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304509553559753632, language=EN, name=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788948914184, updatedTime=1788948914184, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189982191388893191, websiteList=[Website(id=1189982271588340489, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761643482348, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643498101, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=药学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982873114448678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643625763, updateTime=1761643625763, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873093477155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643625758, updateTime=1761643625758, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873135420201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625768, updateTime=1761643625768, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873085088546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643625756, updateTime=1761643625756, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873152197419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625772, updateTime=1761643625772, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873110254373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761643625762, updateTime=1761643625762, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873143808810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625770, updateTime=1761643625770, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873101865764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761643625760, updateTime=1761643625760, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873122837287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643625765, updateTime=1761643625765, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873127031592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643625766, updateTime=1761643625766, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189982271655449355, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761643482364, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643514085, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982903015633534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643632892, updateTime=1761643632892, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902990467707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643632886, updateTime=1761643632886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903036605057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632897, updateTime=1761643632897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902982079098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643632884, updateTime=1761643632884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903053382275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632901, updateTime=1761643632901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903007244925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761643632890, updateTime=1761643632890, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903044993666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632899, updateTime=1761643632899, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902998856316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761643632888, updateTime=1761643632888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903019827839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643632893, updateTime=1761643632893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903028216448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643632895, updateTime=1761643632895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=药学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPhotoEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, journalFirstLetter=Y, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1778515200000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
新型吡唑衍生物IHMT-140通过溶酶体pH调控重编程免疫微环境发挥抗肿瘤作用
收藏切换
PDF下载
马雯雯 1, 2 , 邹凤鸣 1 , 王文超 1, 2 , 王蓓蕾 1, * , 刘青松 1, 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2026,61(5): 1688-1698
收起
收藏切换
药学学报 |研究论文 2026 , 61 (5) : 1688 -1698
新型吡唑衍生物IHMT-140通过溶酶体pH调控重编程免疫微环境发挥抗肿瘤作用
全屏
[Author(id=1308841084504076659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841084596351350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841084504076659, language=EN, stringName=Wen-wen MA, firstName=Wen-wen, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841084671848823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841084504076659, language=CN, stringName=马雯雯, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031
2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308841084407607663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084415996272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084424384881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026)])]), Author(id=1308841084772512121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841084848009595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841084772512121, language=EN, stringName=Feng-ming ZOU, firstName=Feng-ming, middleName=null, lastName=ZOU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841084948672892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841084772512121, language=CN, stringName=邹凤鸣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)])]), Author(id=1308841085015781758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085112250753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085015781758, language=EN, stringName=Wen-chao WANG, firstName=Wen-chao, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085196136834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085015781758, language=CN, stringName=王文超, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031
2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308841084407607663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084415996272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084424384881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026)])]), Author(id=1308841085284217220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=beilwang@hmfl.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085351326086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085284217220, language=EN, stringName=Bei-lei WANG, firstName=Bei-lei, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085422629255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085284217220, language=CN, stringName=王蓓蕾, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)])]), Author(id=1308841085489738121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=qsliu97@hmfl.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085582012812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085489738121, language=EN, stringName=Qing-song LIU, firstName=Qing-song, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, *, address=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308841085653315981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, authorId=1308841085489738121, language=CN, stringName=刘青松, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, *, address=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031
2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308841084285972844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084298555757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084311138670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084285972844, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308841084407607663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084415996272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308841084424384881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308841080636928345, companyId=1308841084407607663, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026)])])]
马雯雯1, 2, 邹凤鸣1, 王文超1, 2, 王蓓蕾1, * , 刘青松1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031
  • 2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026
通讯作者:
王蓓蕾, E-mail:
刘青松, E-mail:
作者简介:

作者贡献:

马雯雯和邹凤鸣参与了实验操作、数据处理; 王蓓蕾进行了实验设计与指导及部分数据处理、文章撰写及修改; 王文超和刘青松提出整体设计并指导文章修改。

Novel pyrazole derivative IHMT-140 exerts anti-tumor effects by reprogramming the immune microenvironment through lysosomal pH regulation
Wen-wen MA1, 2, Feng-ming ZOU1, Wen-chao WANG1, 2, Bei-lei WANG1, * , Qing-song LIU1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1Hefei Cancer Hospital of CAS, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
  • 2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
出版时间: 2026-05-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337
文章导航
收藏切换

肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophages, TAMs)在肿瘤微环境中扮演着双重角色, 既可参与免疫激活, 也能介导免疫抑制。具体而言, M1型TAMs具有免疫激活功能, 可杀伤肿瘤细胞; 而M2型TAMs则发挥免疫抑制作用, 促进肿瘤生长。因此, 如何激活TAMs并增强其抗肿瘤免疫功能, 已成为肿瘤免疫治疗领域的重要研究方向。本研究发现了一种新型吡唑衍生物IHMT-140, 该化合物能够将促肿瘤的M2型巨噬细胞重编程为抑肿瘤的M1型巨噬细胞, 从而发挥抗肿瘤效应。机制研究表明, IHMT-140可提高M2型巨噬细胞中溶酶体的pH值, 阻断自噬过程, 进而激活丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases, MAPKs)与核转录因子-κB (nuclear factor κB, NF-κB)信号通路, 最终诱导M2型TAMs向M1型TAMs转化, 实现对肿瘤的抑制作用。IHMT-140作为一种潜在的抗肿瘤免疫调节剂, 不仅为TAMs重编程机制研究提供了新型工具分子, 也为肿瘤免疫治疗策略的开发提供了研究基础。动物实验方案均经中国科学院合肥物质科学院所批准, 批准号为DWLL-2023-116。

吡唑衍生物  /  肿瘤相关巨噬细胞  /  抗肿瘤作用  /  溶酶体  /  pH值

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have a dual role in the tumor microenvironment, mediating both immune activation and suppression. M1-TAMs kill tumor cells, while M2-TAMs are immunosuppressive and promote tumor growth. The activation of TAMs and enhancement of their anti-tumor immune function is a major goal in cancer immunotherapy. Here, we report a novel pyrazole derivative, IHMT-140, which reprograms tumor-promoting M2 macrophages into tumor-suppressing M1 macrophages, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. Mechanistically, IHMT-140 raises lysosomal pH in M2 macrophages, blocking autophagy and activating MAPK and NF-κB signaling, which induces M2-TAMs to M1-TAMs and mediates the anti-tumor response. As a potential immunomodulator, IHMT-140 provides not only a new tool for studying TAM reprogramming, but also a foundation for developing related immunotherapies. All animal experimental protocols were approved by the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, with approval number DWLL-2023-116.

pyrazole derivative  /  tumor-associated macrophage  /  anti-tumor effect  /  lysosome  /  pH value
马雯雯, 邹凤鸣, 王文超, 王蓓蕾, 刘青松. 新型吡唑衍生物IHMT-140通过溶酶体pH调控重编程免疫微环境发挥抗肿瘤作用. 药学学报, 2026 , 61 (5) : 1688 -1698 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337
Wen-wen MA, Feng-ming ZOU, Wen-chao WANG, Bei-lei WANG, Qing-song LIU. Novel pyrazole derivative IHMT-140 exerts anti-tumor effects by reprogramming the immune microenvironment through lysosomal pH regulation[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2026 , 61 (5) : 1688 -1698 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337
癌症是基因组变异导致生长失控的疾病[1, 2], 这些变异产生的肿瘤抗原可能被免疫系统识别为非自身抗原, 并引发细胞免疫反应[3, 4]。免疫系统在免疫监视中起着至关重要的作用, 适应性和先天免疫系统的免疫细胞渗透到肿瘤微环境中, 并参与肿瘤进展的调节[5-7]。因此, 肿瘤免疫治疗区别于传统的手术、化疗、放疗及靶向治疗, 其核心机制在于激活人体自身的免疫系统以对抗肿瘤。在肿瘤微环境中, 肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophages, TAMs)作为主要的浸润免疫细胞群体, 常被肿瘤细胞“驯化”为其协同因子, 促进肿瘤免疫逃逸、血管生成、肿瘤生长及转移[8-10]。由于TAMs在遗传上相对稳定, 不易产生耐药突变, 因此靶向TAMs被视为一种极具潜力的癌症免疫治疗策略[11-14]。值得注意的是, TAMs在肿瘤微环境中具有双重调控作用, 既参与免疫激活, 也介导免疫抑制[15, 16]。但在肿瘤进展过程中, 肿瘤微环境整体呈免疫抑制状态。因此, 如何激活TAMs、恢复其抗肿瘤免疫功能, 成为肿瘤免疫治疗的重要研究方向。
根据在肿瘤中的功能不同, TAMs分为M1型和M2型。在肿瘤微环境中, 大量浸润的巨噬细胞经肿瘤信号影响极化为M2型TAMs, 这类细胞不仅丧失了对肿瘤细胞的直接杀伤能力, 反而促进肿瘤血管生成、免疫逃逸以及侵袭转移[17]。相反, M1型巨噬细胞具备直接杀伤肿瘤细胞的能力, 并能激活肿瘤特异性T细胞, 从而发挥抗肿瘤效应。因此, 靶向M2型TAMs已成为一种潜在的免疫治疗策略。目前, 相关策略主要集中于清除TAMs[18, 19]; 然而, 相较于直接清除, 将M2型TAMs“驯化”为具有抗肿瘤表型的M1型巨噬细胞是更为理想的途径[20], 从而实现“以转化代杀伤”的治疗理念。实现这一转化的关键在于识别能够调控巨噬细胞极化的核心细胞内信号。
巨噬细胞是先天免疫系统的重要组成部分, 具有高度的可塑性, 能够在不同的环境条件下极化为经典活化的M1型和替代活化的M2型。研究表明, 巨噬细胞的功能, 包括其极化状态, 与溶酶体的功能密切相关。巨噬细胞的核心功能之一是通过溶酶体实现对异物或微小物体的吞噬[21]。溶酶体的典型特征是其腔内维持酸性pH环境(约为4.5~5.0), 该酸性条件为其中多种水解酶的活性所必需, 是保证内容物有效降解的关键[22]。因此, 溶酶体pH的变化可能影响其功能状态, 进而调控巨噬细胞的表型与免疫功能[23]。基于此, 本研究发现了一个新型的化合物IHMT-140, 该化合物能够诱导小鼠及人源的M2型巨噬细胞表达M1型标志物及炎性细胞因子。其作用机制在于IHMT-140能提高M2型巨噬细胞中溶酶体的pH值, 进而阻断自噬并激活MAPK与NF-κB信号通路, 最终促使M2型TAMs向M1型TAMs转化, 发挥抗肿瘤作用。
细胞培养  PANC02和THP-1细胞均来源于上海瑾原生物科技有限公司。THP-1细胞采用含10%胎牛血清(BC-SE-FBS01, 元航生物)和0.05 mmol·L-1 β-巯基乙醇(O3446I, Sigma公司)的RPMI-1640培养基(BC-M-016, 元航生物)中培养; PANC02细胞采用含10%胎牛血清的DMDM培养基(BC-M-005, 元航生物)中培养。
主要仪器设备  恒温CO2细胞培养箱(Heracell 150i, 美国Thermo Scientific公司); SpectraMax i3x酶标仪(美国Molecμlar Devices公司); 流式细胞仪(美国BD Biosciences公司); EVOS M5000显微镜(美国Thermo Fisher公司); LightCycler96 qPCR仪(瑞士Roche公司); PowerPac HC凝胶电泳仪(美国Bio-Rad公司)及Repure-A基因扩增仪(杭州柏恒科技有限公司)。
实验试剂  脂多糖(lipopolysaccharides, LPS) (货号: L2880)和poly-L-lysine (货号: P4832)购自美国Sigma Aldrich公司; 人源IL-4 (货号: 118466-HNAE)、人源IL-13 (货号: 10369-HNAC)和IL-4 (货号: 11846-HNAE)购自北京义翘神州股份有限公司; SB203580 (货号: T1764)、SP600125 (货号: T3109)、L-lactic acid (货号: T4845)以及蛋白/蛋白酶抑制剂(货号: C0057)购自上海陶术生物科技有限公司; 鼠源M-GSF (货号: 315-02)、鼠源IL-4 (货号: 214-14)及鼠源IL-13 (货号: 210-13)购自美国PeproTech公司; phospho-p38 MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182) (货号: 4511S)、phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185, 货号: 4668S)、LC3B (货号: 3868)、SQSTM1/p62 (货号: 5114)、phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536, 货号: 93H1)、NF-κB p65 (货号: C22B4)、p38 MAPK (货号: 8690)及SAPK/JNK (货号: 9252)等抗体购自美国Cell Signaling Technology公司; FITC anti-mouse NKp46 (CD335, 货号: 560756)、PE-CD19 (货号: 553786)、percp-CY5.5-CD3e (货号: 551163)、APC-CD3e (货号: 553066)、FITC-CD3e (货号: 553062)、PE-CD3e (货号: 553064)及percp-CY5.5-CD8a (货号: 551162)等流式抗体购自美国BD Biosciences公司; β-actin (货号: 30101ES60)和DAPI (货号: 40727ES10)购自上海翌圣生物科技股份有限公司; Multi-rAbTM CoraLite® Plus 594-goat anti-rabbit recombinant secondary antibody (H+L) (货号: SA00013-4)购自Proteintech公司; intracellular pH calibration buffer kit (货号: P35379)与LysoSensor Green DND-189 (货号: A66436)购自美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司; RNA提取试剂盒(货号: AC0205)购自山东思科捷生物技术有限公司; ECL试剂盒(货号: AR1172)购自北京全式金生物技术有限公司; RIPA裂解液(货号: BL651A)购自合肥Biosharp公司; 红细胞裂解液(货号: abs-9101)购自上海优宁维生物科技股份有限公司; 人源佛波酯(Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate PMA, 货号: HY-18739)购自中国MedChemExpress公司。
THP-1来源的巨噬细胞的诱导  6孔板里以5$ \times $105个细胞/孔的密度接种THP-1细胞, 培养基中加入100 nmol·L-1 PMA, 24 h细胞贴壁后撤去PMA, 此时巨噬细胞为M0型, 加150 ng·mL-1 LPS诱导为M1型; 加入25 ng·mL-1 IL-4和25 ng·mL-1 IL-13, 诱导为M2型; 观察M1型和M2型细胞形态并拍照。其中M2型细胞加入不同浓度的IHMT-140, 处理48 h后, 显微镜观察并拍照。
小鼠骨髓来源巨噬细胞的提取与诱导  将小鼠安乐死, 于75%酒精中浸泡10 min。从小鼠左腹部和右腹部剪开皮肉组织, 分离双侧后肢, 去除皮肤及肌肉组织, 将腿骨于75%酒精中漂洗30 s后放入含1%双抗的PBS中。剪掉小腿骨两侧用注射器吸取培养基将骨髓吹于50 mL离心管中, 用细胞滤网将细胞悬液过滤于新离心管中, 1 500 r·min-1, 5 min离心, 去上清, 加2 mL红细胞裂解液重悬, 放置2 min裂红, 加6 mL培养基终止裂红, 1 500 r·min-1, 5 min离心, 去上清, 13 mL培养基(DMEM完全培养基, 含20 ng·mL-1 M-GSF)重悬, 5$ \times $105个细胞/孔的密度铺板于6孔板中培养。2天后半换液, 换2次液, 最后一次全换液即可得到贴壁生长的小鼠骨髓来源巨噬细胞(bone marrow-derived macrophages, BMDM)细胞。为诱导极化, 在培养基中分别加入100 ng·mL-1 LPS (诱导成M1型巨噬细胞)或20 ng·mL-1 IL-4和20 ng·mL-1 IL-13 (诱导成M2型巨噬细胞)。
免疫荧光染色  圆形玻璃片置于12孔板中, 并加多聚赖氨酸(poly-L-lysine), 将诱导为M2型的BMDM细胞(2×105个细胞/孔)铺于玻璃片上, 加入10 μmol·L-1 IHMT-140孵育24 h, 多聚甲醛固定, 封闭。一抗孵育, 4 ℃, 过夜。1×TBST缓冲液[含10 mmol·L-1 Tris, 150 mmol·L-1 NaCl, 0.05% (v/v) Tween-20, pH值为7.5] 洗3次, 每次5 min; 二抗室温避光孵育1 h, 1×TBST洗3次, 每次5 min; 加入DAPI室温染色20 min, 注意避光, 1×TBST洗3次, 每次5 min, 通过激光共聚焦显微镜(型号: LSM 710, 德国蔡司)进行拍照。
荧光实时定量聚合酶链反应  BMDM与THP-1来源的巨噬细胞铺板, 在6孔板接种5$ \times $105个/孔的细胞。细胞贴壁后, 按照上述步骤诱导极化。其中M2型给药刺激48 h后收集细胞, 按照RNA提取试剂盒说明书上的操作流程进行RNA提取。总RNA浓度测定后, 取500 ng RNA进行逆转录反应合成cDNA, 反应体系为20 μL, 每组设置3个复孔, 按照反转录说明书使用QPCR仪进行实时定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, RT-qPCR)。
小鼠皮下荷瘤体内药效检测  从江苏集萃药康生物科技股份有限公司购买8周龄的雌性C57BL/6J小鼠, 合格证号为B202307100265。实验期间, 小鼠饲养在没有病原体环境中, 自由饮水和摄食。所有动物实验方案均经中国科学院合肥物质科学院所批准(批准号: DWLL-2023-116), 并严格按照中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院动物伦理规定执行。体外扩增PANC02细胞, 待细胞长至对数生长期, 取1$ \times $106个(1×PBS稀释) PANC02细胞进行C57BL/6J小鼠皮下接种, 待肿瘤长至50~100 mm3时, 实验动物被随机分为4组: 溶剂对照组(n = 4)、IHMT-140单药组(n = 5)、吉西他滨单药组(n = 5)以及IHMT-140与吉西他滨联合给药组(n = 5)。
溶媒: HKI溶液(0.5% methocellulose/0.4% Tween 80 in ddH2O)。IHMT-140给药: 100 mg·kg-1, 口服灌胃, 每天一次。吉西他滨给药: 60 mg·kg-1, 腹腔注射, 每3天一次。联合给药组同时给予IHMT-140 (100 mg·kg-1, 口服灌胃, 每天一次); 吉西他滨给药(60 mg·kg-1, 腹腔注射, 每3天一次)。给药期间, 每3天测量一次肿瘤大小并对小鼠进行称重; 于第30天处死小鼠, 取肿瘤并测量称重。
免疫组化  石蜡切片脱蜡至水: 依次将切片放入环保型脱蜡液10 min-无水乙醇5 min-蒸馏水洗。抗原修复: 自然冷却后将玻片置于1×PBS (pH 7.4)中在脱色摇床上洗涤3次, 每次5 min。阻断内源性过氧化物酶: 切片放入3%双氧水溶液, 室温避光孵育25 min, 随后将玻片置于PBS (pH 7.4)中在脱色摇床上洗涤3次, 每次5 min。血清封闭: 滴加3% BSA均匀覆盖组织, 室温封闭30 min。加一抗: 轻轻甩掉封闭液, 在切片上滴加一抗, 将切片平放于湿盒内4 ℃孵育过夜。加二抗: 取出切片, 将玻片置于1×PBS (pH 7.4)中在脱色摇床上洗涤3次, 每次5 min。切片稍甩干后, 滴加对应种属的二抗(HRP标记)覆盖组织, 室温孵育50 min。DAB显色: 玻片置于1×PBS (pH 7.4)中在脱色摇床上洗涤3次, 每次5 min。切片稍甩干后, 在组织区域滴加新鲜配制的DAB显色液, 显微镜下控制显色时间, 以出现棕黄色为阳性, 自来水冲洗切片终止显色。复染细胞核: 苏木素复染3 min左右, 自来水洗, 经苏木素分化液分化数秒, 自来水冲洗, 再用苏木素返蓝液返蓝, 流水冲洗。脱水封片: 将切片依次放入75%酒精5 min, 85%酒精5 min, 无水乙醇5 min, 正丁醇5 min, 二甲苯5 min中进行脱水透明, 将切片从二甲苯拿出来稍晾干, 用封片胶封片。拍照: 置于白光显微镜下进行观察并拍照。
流式细胞术  处死小鼠, 取各组脾脏并浸泡于1×PBS中, 研磨脾脏组织, 经200目滤网过滤收集于15 mL离心管中(冰上操作), 2 000 r·min-1, 4 ℃, 10 min离心, 去上清, 每管加2 mL红细胞裂解液重悬, 室温避光裂解15 min, 每管加4 mL 1×PBS终止裂解, 2 000 r·min-1, 4 ℃, 10 min离心, 去上清, 用2 mL 1×PBS重悬细胞制备成细胞悬液。封闭: 取1.5 mL EP管于EP管架上, 标记药物名称及编号, 取10 μL大鼠血清于EP管中, 再每管加入100 μL细胞悬液, 轻轻吹打混匀, 4 ℃, 30 min孵育。孵育一抗: 封闭结束后, 制备抗体混合液(130 μL 1×PBS + 20 μL FITC-NKP46 + 20 μL PE-CD19 + 20 μL percp-CY5.5-CD3e + 20 μL APC-CD3e), 充分混匀后, 向每个样本管加10 μL抗体混合液(空白管不加抗体, 单标管分别加入FITC-CD3e、PE-CD3e、percp-CY5.5-CD8a、APC-CD3e各1 μL, 样本管每管加入FITC-CD3e、PE-CD3e、percp-CY5.5-CD8a、APC-CD3e各1 μL)。加入抗体后, 4 ℃避光孵育30 min。每管加入1 mL 1×PBS, 混匀, 3 500 r·min-1, 4 ℃, 5 min离心, 去上清, 用350 μL 1×PBS重悬细胞沉淀, 过筛网转至流式管内, 上机检测。
转录组测序  使用Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer (美国Agilent Technologies公司)进行样品检测, 并采用经典方法进行文库构建与质检, 进行Illumina测序。采用韦恩图绘制对照组与给药组的差异表达基因交集。对于有生物重复的样品, 使用DESeq2 R包进行两个条件/组的差异表达分析。DESeq2提供统计程序, 用于使用基于负二项分布的模型确定数字基因表达数据中的差异表达。使用Benjamini和Hochberg方法对P值进行校正以控制错误发现率, 将校正后的P < 0.05以及|log2(fold change)| ≥ 1设为显著差异表达阈值。
差异基因富集分析  通过clusterProfiler (3.8.1)软件实现差异表达基因的GO (gene ontology)富集分析(对P < 0.05的GO term通过差异表达基因显著富集), 并使用相同软件分析KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)通路中差异表达基因的统计富集情况。
Western blot  将诱导为M2型的BMDM/THP-1细胞铺于12孔板, 1.5$ \times $105个/孔细胞铺板, 细胞贴壁后加药处理, 收集细胞样品于1.5 mL EP管中, 在冰上用RIPA裂解液裂解细胞30 min (每隔10 min涡旋一次), 随后12 000 r·min-1, 10 min离心, 取上清于新EP管中, 采用BCA法定量后计算蛋白浓度, 总蛋白中加入上样缓冲液混匀, 于100 ℃金属浴中煮样10 min使蛋白变性, 短暂离心后获得总蛋白样品。通过SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳进行蛋白分离, 采用湿转法将蛋白转移至NC/PVDF膜上。将转移后的NC/PVDF膜进行封闭(5%脱脂奶粉, 1 h), TBST溶液清洗3次, 每次10 min。随后, 加入用含5% BSA的TBST溶液稀释特异性一抗, 4 ℃过夜孵育。次日, 回收一抗, 将NC/PVDF膜用TBST清洗3次, 每次10 min, 加入相应的二抗(用含5%脱脂奶粉的TBST稀释到相应的倍数), 室温孵育1 h, 弃去二抗, TBST清洗NC/PVDF膜3次, 每次10 min。根据ECL试剂盒说明书进行ECL工作液配置和曝光显影, 采用ImageJ软件分析条带灰度值, 并用GraphPad Prism软件作图。
溶酶体pH检测将BMDM/THP-1来源的M2型细胞以1.5$ \times $104个/孔的密度接种于96孔板, 细胞贴壁后加药DMSO/IHMT-140 (10 μmol·L-1), 处理6 h。随后, 将1.1 μL 1 000×染液LysoSensor Green DND-189加到1.1 mL HEPES中混匀制备染色液, 移除培养基, 每孔加入100 μL染色液, 于室温下避光孵育1 h后, 用1×HEPES洗涤两遍。标准曲线组分别用A/B/C/D buffer稀释1 000× cell loading solution (具体配置方法详见说明书), 37 ℃避光孵育5 min。最后, 将实验组与标准曲线组用酶标仪在Ex/Em = 443 nm/505 nm条件下检测, 用GraphPad Prism 8.0处理数据并作图。
统计学方法  实验相关数据的统计分析与作图采用GraphPad Prism 8.0软件完成, 其中气泡图采用GraphPad Prism 10.0软件绘制。多组件比较采用单因素方差one-way ANOVA分析以确定统计学上显著性差异, P < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
吉西他滨(gemcitabine)是一种胞嘧啶核苷类似物, 其活性代谢产物可掺入肿瘤细胞DNA, 通过抑制DNA合成与复制发挥抗肿瘤作用。自1997年Burris等[24]的随机临床试验证实, 吉西他滨单药治疗晚期胰腺癌在临床获益率和生存期方面均优于5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)后, 该药即被确立为晚期胰腺癌的一线化疗药物。在免疫正常的PANC02荷瘤小鼠移植瘤模型上, 本研究评估了IHMT-140、吉西他滨以及两药联合给药的体内抗肿瘤效果。连续给药30天后评价3组小鼠体内抗肿瘤药效(图1)。实验结果显示, 单药组小鼠的体重没有明显降低, 说明化合物IHMT-140具有较好的安全性(图1A)。联合给药组在给药第18天, 小鼠体重下降约25%, 但之后体重逐渐恢复。为进一步排除IHMT-140单药毒性的影响, 本研究通过大鼠14天亚急毒实验证实, 其在200与400 mg·kg-1剂量下并未导致体重下降或死亡。因此, 联合用药初期观察到的显著体重下降, 应归因于IHMT-140与吉西他滨的协同作用, 这可能加重了机体的代谢负担或应激反应。体重的后续恢复则表明, 该毒性是可逆的, 或与机体对联合治疗的适应性调节及药物代谢的动态变化有关。在肿瘤生长方面, IHMT1-140组肿瘤体积增长较吉西他滨给药组更为缓慢, 而联合给药组的抑制效果最为显著, 表明IHMT1-140及其与化疗药吉西他滨联合能够有效抑制肿瘤生长(图1B、C)。给药结束时的肿瘤重量测量进一步证实, IHMT-140单药给药组及其与吉西他滨联合给药组均能较好抑制肿瘤增长, 联合给药物对肿瘤生长的抑制率(tumor growth inhibition, TGI)达到58.9% (图1D、E), 联合用药组与吉西他滨单药组相比, 肿瘤生长抑制效果具有统计学显著性差异。然而, 联合用药组与IHMT-140单药组之间, 以及吉西他滨单药组与IHMT-140单药组之间, 均未达到统计学意义上的显著差异。IHMT-140单药组内部观察到的个体反应差异可能是导致上述组间比较未显示统计显著性的一个潜在因素。
由于该模型小鼠为免疫正常鼠, 脾脏作为关键的免疫应答器官, 对照组小鼠因肿瘤刺激导致脾脏处于过度激活状态, 其脾脏发生病理性肿大, 常与肿瘤诱导相关。因此, 给药结束后, 本研究首先检测了不同给药组小鼠脾脏重量变化, 与模型对照组相比, 各给药组脾脏重量均有降低(图2A), 其中联合给药组脾脏重量已接近正常生理范围, 提示IHMT-140减轻了机体持续的免疫应激, 从而改善了整体免疫状态, 使得脾脏得以从病理性的激活中恢复。随后, 通过流式细胞术进一步检测了脾脏中免疫细胞比例, 如NK细胞、B细胞、T细胞和CD8+ T细胞。检测结果显示, 虽然IHMT-140对NK细胞比例有一定上调(图2B), 但对B细胞、T细胞和CD8+ T细胞无影响(图2C~E)。以上结果提示, IHMT-140的抗肿瘤作用可能不是通过B细胞以及T细胞的活化所介导。
随后, 本研究检测了给药后对肿瘤中TAMs的影响。通过RT-qPCR方法检测肿瘤组织中M1型肿瘤巨噬细胞相关标志物iNOS和M2型标志物CD206的RNA表达水平。检测结果显示, 各给药组的M1型标志物iNOS均有一定上调趋势, M2型标志物均有下调趋势(图3A、B)。此外, 通过免疫组化方法对肿瘤中TAMs标志物进行染色, 结果显示, 仅IHMT-140和联合给药组的肿瘤中M1 TAMs的标志物CD86和iNOS蛋白水平表达均有所增加, 而肿瘤中M2相关的标志物CD206表达下调, 吉西他滨单药治疗组没有出现该现象(图3C)。本研究还通过苏木精-伊红(HE)染色法对肿瘤组织进行染色, 发现对照组和吉西他滨单药治疗组的肿瘤组织中, 苏木精染液将细胞核内的染色质与胞质内的核酸染为经典蓝紫色, 而伊红染液将细胞质和细胞外基质中的成分染为红色, 细胞核清晰可见。而IHMT-140和联合给药组, 尤其是联合用药组, 细胞核收缩和面积大量减少, 表明IHMT-140及其联合给药组均能有效诱导肿瘤细胞损伤(图3C)。
为了进一步阐明IHMT-140对免疫细胞作用的分子机制, 本研究分离了小鼠原代BMDM细胞并进行了转录组测序(RNA-Seq)分析。通过GO和KEGG通路分析显示, 共有418个上调基因和39个下调基因(图4A、B)。KEGG通路分析结果确定了Rap1信号通路为最显著富集的通路, 该通路在细胞黏附、迁移、增殖和巨胞饮作用中发挥重要作用(图4C)。此外, KEGG通路分析还提示炎症因子通路和NF-κB信号通路被显著激活(图4C)。GO功能分析表明, 差异基因在生物过程(IL-6分泌、氧化应激和炎症反应)中显著富集(图4D)、在细胞成分(内吞体循环、溶酶体和空泡膜)中富集(图4E)、在分子功能(跨膜转运体激活、G蛋白偶联受体激活和Toll样受体结合)中富集(图4F)。
基于转录组分析提示IHMT-140可影响炎症因子相关组分, 因此, 本研究进一步在人急性单核细胞白血病细胞系THP-1细胞中验证其重编程作用。THP-1细胞通过加入诱导因子可分化为M1和M2型巨噬细胞, 是研究单核-巨噬细胞的重要工具。形态学观察显示, M2型巨噬细胞有明显的突触, 而M1型巨噬细胞没有明显的突触。本研究在诱导获得的M2型THP-1细胞中加入IHMT-140处理后, 通过显微镜观察细胞形态, 发现IHMT-140能从形态上将M2型巨噬细胞逆转至M1型的形态(图5A)。为进一步验证该发现, 本研究体外分离并培养了BMDM细胞, 并观察到IHMT-140同样可诱导类似的形态逆转(图5B)。
本研究通过RT-qPCR检测了IHMT-140对M2型THP-1来源巨噬细胞不同标志物以及炎症因子转录水平的影响。结果显示, IHMT-140能显著上调M1型TAMs特异性标志物CD86 mRNA水平(图6A), 并显著降低M2型TAMs特异性标志物ARG和CD206的mRNA水平(图6B、C)。此外, IHMT-140能显著下调M2型TAMs中炎症因子IL-10 mRNA水平(图6D)。同样, 在小鼠原代M2型BMDM细胞中, IHMT-140能显著上调M1型TAMs标志物iNOS mRNA水平(图6E), 显著下调M2型TAMs标志物ARG和CD206 mRNA水平(图6F、G)。此外, IHMT-140还可上调M1型TAMs炎症因子TNF-α和IL-6的mRNA水平, 并下调M2型TAMs炎症因子IL-10的mRNA水平(图6H)。
转录组分析发现IHMT-140可影响巨胞饮相关Rap1信号通路以及溶酶体相关的组分变化, 提示IHMT-140可能影响溶酶体pH值。为验证此假设, 本研究将THP-1和BMDM来源的M2型巨噬细胞经IHMT-140处理后, 通过溶酶体pH值荧光探针检测溶酶体中pH值。结果显示, IHMT-140可显著提高M2型巨噬细胞中溶酶体的pH值(图7A、B)。
最后, 本研究进一步检测了炎症及自噬相关信号通路的变化。在M2型骨髓来源巨噬细胞(M2-BMDMs)中, IHMT-140处理后, 用Western blot方法检测了自噬相关蛋白p62和LC3B, MAPK通路相关蛋白(p-p38、p-JNK)以及调控炎症的核转录因子p-NF-κB的表达变化。结果显示, IHMT-140能够抑制细胞自噬, 并上调p38、c-JNK N端激酶(c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, JNK)及NF-κB的磷酸化水平(图8A、B)。通过免疫荧光染色证实, IHMT-140能够促进NF-κB的核转位, 进而调控相关基因的转录过程(图8C)。为进一步明确IHMT-140通过上调溶酶体pH及激活MAPK通路相关蛋白(p-p38、p-JNK)来调控TAMs重编程的作用机制, 本研究采用p38抑制剂(SB203580)、JNK抑制剂(SP600125)及有机酸(L-lactic acid)进行回补实验。结果显示, 这3种化合物均能部分逆转IHMT-140对TAMs重编程的诱导效应, 具体表现为CD86 (M1型标志物)和CD206 (M2型标志物)转录水平的相应恢复(图8D)。
IHMT-140是课题组自主研发的小分子化合物, 在免疫正常小鼠PANC02移植瘤模型中表现出良好的抗肿瘤活性。综合免疫表型分析显示, IHMT-140能降低脾脏的重量。尽管该化合物并不影响脾脏脾组织中淋巴细胞亚群组成(B细胞、CD4/CD8+ T细胞和NK细胞)的比例, 但通过RT-qPCR和免疫组化分析肿瘤组织中TAMs标志物发现, IHMT-140可诱导TAMs从免疫抑制型M2表型极化到免疫刺激型M1状态, 从而重塑肿瘤免疫微环境。进一步体外实验表明, IHMT-140可以有效地诱导巨噬细胞由致瘤性(M2型)向抑瘤性(M1型)转化。因此, 本课题组推测IHMT-140对肿瘤的抑制作用可能是通过其对肿瘤微环境的免疫重编程作用所介导的。
转录组分析发现, IHMT-140可调控巨噬细胞中吞体循环、溶酶体和液泡膜相关基因的表达。巨噬细胞吞噬作用主要是通过形成伪足包围目标并吞入胞内形成吞噬体, 继而与溶酶体融合, 形成吞噬溶酶体并将其降解。作为膜结合的细胞器, 溶酶体是含有各种水解酶的球形囊泡, 可分解各种生物大分子[25]。然而, 该降解过程高度依赖于溶酶体内部的酸性pH环境。溶酶体主要通过质子泵将H+从细胞质中泵入腔内以维持其低pH值。研究表明, M2巨噬细胞有突触, 对炎症和吞噬能力较低, 而M1巨噬细胞主要与吞噬功能相关。基于小鼠BMDM的转录组测序分析显示, IHMT-140不仅影响炎症相关信号通路, 同时显著调控内吞及溶酶体相关基因的表达。
因此, 溶酶体pH的变化可能影响其功能状态, 进而调控巨噬细胞的表型与免疫功能。化合物IHMT-140是一种弱碱性化合物, 实验发现该化合物可上调M2型巨噬细胞中溶酶体的pH值, 从而诱导免疫抑制M2型巨噬细胞表型向肿瘤抑制M1型巨噬细胞转化。利用RT-qPCR方法对M1和M2型蛋白标志物及其分泌的炎症因子的转录水平信号通路检测发现, IHMT-140能上调M1型巨噬细胞相关的蛋白及炎症因子的转录水平。进一步Western blot分析表明, IHMT-140能阻断细胞自噬, 并上调p38、JNK以及NF-κB磷酸化水平, 进而影响炎症因子分泌。
尽管IHMT-140作用机制与氯喹调控TAMs重编程的机制相似, 但二者也存在一定差异, IHMT-140是基于激酶抑制剂相关靶点设计开发的小分子化合物, 其具体作用靶点尚有待进一步阐明。本研究虽然揭示了IHMT-140在细胞和动物模型中调控TAMs表型的核心通路, 但其对溶酶体相关靶点(如特定离子通道或泵)的直接作用蛋白与高选择性仍需通过化学生物学手段(如设计光亲和探针)进行最终确证。未来, 将IHMT-140推向转化研究仍面临一系列挑战。在药学层面, 其溶解性、代谢稳定性等成药性参数仍需通过系统的剂型优化加以改善。在安全性层面, 尽管初步亚急毒实验显示了一定安全窗, 但全面的临床前毒理评估(包括长期毒性、生殖毒性等), 特别是其与标准化疗药物联用时的协同毒性机制需深入阐明, 以确定最佳联合策略与安全剂量。
综上所述, 本研究证实IHMT-140是一种通过重编程肿瘤免疫微环境发挥抗肿瘤作用的新型免疫调节剂。其作用机制为通过上调巨噬细胞溶酶体pH值, 阻断自噬流, 进而激活MAPK信号通路并驱动NF-κB核转位, 最终通过转录重编程, 实现将M2型TAMs逆转为抗肿瘤的M1型表型。该发现为靶向巨噬细胞的癌症免疫治疗提供了新的思路与候选策略。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
Yates LR, Campbell PJ. Evolution of the cancer genome [J]. Nat Rev Genet, 2012, 13: 795-806.
2
Stratton MR, Campbell PJ, Futreal PA. The cancer genome [J]. Nature, 2009, 458: 719-724.
3
Matsushita H, Vesely MD, Koboldt DC, et al. Cancer exome analysis reveals a T-cell-dependent mechanism of cancer immunoediting [J]. Nature, 2012, 482: 400-404.
4
Schreiber RD, Old LJ, Smyth MJ. Cancer immunoediting: Integrating immunity's roles in cancer suppression and promotion [J]. Science, 2011, 331: 1565-1570.
5
Seager RJ, Hajal C, Spill F, et al. Dynamic interplay between tumour, stroma and immune system can drive or prevent tumour progression [J]. Converg Sci Phys Oncol, 2017, 3: 034002.
6
Vesely MD, Kershaw MH, Schreiber RD, et al. Natural innate and adaptive immunity to cancer [J]. Annu Rev Immunol, 2011, 29: 235-271.
7
Grivennikov SI, Greten FR, Karin M. Immunity, inflammation, and cancer [J]. Cell, 2010, 140: 883-899.
8
Li MY, Ye W, Luo KW. Immunotherapies targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancer [J]. Pharmaceutics, 2024, 16: 865.
9
Wang S, Wang J, Chen Z, et al. Targeting M2-like tumor-associated macrophages is a potential therapeutic approach to overcome antitumor drug resistance [J]. NPJ Precis Oncol, 2024, 8: 31.
10
Ren LW, Yang YH, Zhang YZ, et al. Research progress in drugs targeting tumor associated macrophage [J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2023, 58: 3508-3518.
11
Xiang X, Wang J, Lu D, et al. Targeting tumor-associated macrophages to synergize tumor immunotherapy [J]. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2021, 6: 75.
12
Barnes NG. Targeting TAMs [J]. Nat Rev Chem, 2022, 6: 678.
13
Ruffell B, Coussens LM. Macrophages and therapeutic resistance in cancer [J]. Cancer Cell, 2015, 27: 462-672.
14
Yang Y, Li S, To KKW, et al. Tumor-associated macrophages remodel the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment and targeted therapy for immunotherapy [J]. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2025, 44: 145.
15
Xu J, Ding L, Mei J, et al. Dual roles and therapeutic targeting of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor microenvironments [J]. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2025, 10: 268.
16
Cassetta L, Pollard JW. A timeline of tumour-associated macrophage biology [J]. Nat Rev Cancer, 2023, 23: 238-257.
17
Jin R, Neufeld L, McGaha TL. Linking macrophage metabolism to function in the tumor microenvironment [J]. Nat Cancer, 2025, 6: 239-252.
18
Majidpoor J, Mortezaee K. The efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cold cancers and future perspectives [J]. Clin Immunol, 2021, 226: 108707.
19
Tang F, Wang Y, Zeng Y, et al. Tumor-associated macrophage-related strategies for glioma immunotherapy [J]. NPJ Precis Oncol, 2023, 7: 78.
20
Strachan DC, Ruffell B, Oei Y, et al. CSF1R inhibition delays cervical and mammary tumor growth in murine models by attenuating the turnover of tumor-associated macrophages and enhancing infiltration by CD8+ T cells [J]. Oncoimmunology, 2013, 2: e26968.
21
Appelqvist H, Wäster P, Kågedal K, et al. The lysosome: From waste bag to potential therapeutic target [J]. J Mol Cell Biol, 2013, 5: 214-226.
22
Casey JR, Grinstein S, Orlowski J. Sensors and regulators of intracellular pH [J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2010, 11: 50-61.
23
Chen D, Xie J, Fiskesund R, et al. Chloroquine modulates antitumor immune response by resetting tumor-associated macrophages toward M1 phenotype [J]. Nat Commun, 2018, 9: 873.
24
Burris HA 3rd, Moore MJ, Andersen J, et al. Improvements in survival and clinical benefit with gemcitabine as first-line therapy for patients with advanced pancreas cancer: A randomized trial [J]. J Clin Oncol, 1997, 15: 2403-2413.
25
Saftig P, Klumperman J. Lysosome biogenesis and lysosomal membrane proteins: Trafficking meets function [J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2009, 10: 623-635.
2026年第61卷第5期
PDF下载
212
98
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337
  • 接收时间:2025-11-11
  • 首发时间:2026-09-21
  • 出版时间:2026-05-12
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-11
  • 修回日期:2026-01-28
基金
作者信息
    1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院健康与医学技术研究所, 中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院, 安徽 合肥 230031
    2中国科学技术大学, 安徽 合肥 230026

通讯作者:

王蓓蕾, E-mail:
刘青松, E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1337
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏