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Article(id=1308455889862676892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455335962894804, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0365, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743436800000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-01, revisedDate=1745510400000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-25, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789889794078, onlineDateStr=2026-09-20, pubDate=1749657600000, pubDateStr=2025-06-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789889794078, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789889794078, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789889794078, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308455335962894804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='6', pageStart='1573', pageEnd='1964', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1749657600000', pubDateStr='2025-06-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789889662017, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789893590327, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308471812564734358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455335962894804, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308471812564734359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455335962894804, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1828, endPage=1835, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308455890177249693, articleId=1308455889862676892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Diterpenoid constituents from the aerial parts of Euphorbia antiquorum, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Euphorbia antiquorum (family Euphorbiaceae) were investigated. From the EtOAc partition of the 90% EtOH extract of the title species, thirteen compounds were separated by silica gel, octadecylsilyl silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, as well as semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of these isolates were characterized as five pimarane-type (1-5), two abietane-type (6, 7) and six atisane-type (8-13) diterpenoids on the basis of spectroscopic analyses (MS, NMR, ECD, etc.). Among them, compounds 1 and 6 were identified as two previously unreported ones. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of selective diterpenoids was further evaluated in the current work. Compound 1 exhibited moderate inhibition against the enzyme, with an IC50 of 150.03 ± 3.41 μmol·L-1, being lower than that of the reference drug acarbose.

, authors=Hui SONG, Ren-fen MA, Hua ZHANG*, authorsList=Hui SONG, Ren-fen MA, Hua ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hua ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308455891846582696, articleId=1308455889862676892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=火殃勒地上部分中二萜类化学成分的研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

对大戟科大戟属药用植物火殃勒(Euphorbia antiquorum) 地上部分的化学成分进行了研究。采用正相硅胶、反相十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱及半制备高效液相色谱等分离手段, 从火殃勒90%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取相中分离纯化了13个化合物, 并通过波谱学技术(MS、NMR、ECD等) 鉴定了它们的结构, 分别为5个海松烷型(pimarane, 1~5)、2个松香烷型(abietane, 6和7) 和6个阿替生烷型(atisane, 8~13) 二萜, 其中化合物1和6为新化合物。对部分二萜类成分进行了α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的测试, 实验结果显示, 化合物1对该酶具有中等抑制作用, IC50值为150.03 ± 3.41 μmol·L-1, 略低于阳性对照药阿卡波糖的数据。

, authors=宋辉, 马仁芬, 张华*, authorsList=宋辉, 马仁芬, 张华, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张华, authorNote=

作者贡献

宋辉负责化学成分的提取分离、结构鉴定、活性测试、数据处理及文章初稿撰写; 马仁芬参与结构鉴定、数据分析处理及论文修改; 张华负责经费获取、课题管理、数据核实及论文修改。

, correspAuthorsNote=
张华, E-mail:
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No.16
δCδH (J, Hz)δCδH (J, Hz)
135.11.61, m40.31.83, m
1.22, m1.44, m
227.71.70, m19.01.49, m
1.61, m1.49, m
379.03.31, dd (11.6, 4.5)42.01.44, m
1.21, m
438.633.7
555.22.00, brs54.31.26, m
6127.95.71, dd (9.9, 2.3)23.51.83, m
1.44, m
7130.46.12, dd (9.9, 3.1)36.72.53, ddd (14.2, 4.8, 1.9)
2.26, td (14.2, 6.0)
8136.5157.7
943.82.22, m61.02.15, d (6.7)
1037.241.2
1125.31.70, m71.03.77, m
1.61, m
1272.13.71, brs105.5
1344.2153.3
14128.55.17, brs112.16.29, brs
15146.65.76, dd (17.3, 10.4)122.4
16114.95.02, dd (17.3, 1.5)171.4
4.95, dd (10.4, 1.5)
1723.51.15, s55.84.48, d (14.2)
4.45, d (14.2)
1828.01.07, s22.10.84, s
1916.10.85, s33.70.91, s
2013.40.71, s15.30.73, s
OEt58.73.40, dq (8.8, 7.1)
3.16, dq (8.8, 7.1)
15.11.14, t (7.1)
), ArticleFig(id=1308497667362222172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455889862676892, language=CN, label=Tab.1, caption=

1H and 13C NMR data of 1 and 6 in CDCl3

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No.16
δCδH (J, Hz)δCδH (J, Hz)
135.11.61, m40.31.83, m
1.22, m1.44, m
227.71.70, m19.01.49, m
1.61, m1.49, m
379.03.31, dd (11.6, 4.5)42.01.44, m
1.21, m
438.633.7
555.22.00, brs54.31.26, m
6127.95.71, dd (9.9, 2.3)23.51.83, m
1.44, m
7130.46.12, dd (9.9, 3.1)36.72.53, ddd (14.2, 4.8, 1.9)
2.26, td (14.2, 6.0)
8136.5157.7
943.82.22, m61.02.15, d (6.7)
1037.241.2
1125.31.70, m71.03.77, m
1.61, m
1272.13.71, brs105.5
1344.2153.3
14128.55.17, brs112.16.29, brs
15146.65.76, dd (17.3, 10.4)122.4
16114.95.02, dd (17.3, 1.5)171.4
4.95, dd (10.4, 1.5)
1723.51.15, s55.84.48, d (14.2)
4.45, d (14.2)
1828.01.07, s22.10.84, s
1916.10.85, s33.70.91, s
2013.40.71, s15.30.73, s
OEt58.73.40, dq (8.8, 7.1)
3.16, dq (8.8, 7.1)
15.11.14, t (7.1)
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火殃勒地上部分中二萜类化学成分的研究
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宋辉 , 马仁芬 , 张华 *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(6): 1828-1835
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药学学报 |研究论文 2025 , 60 (6) : 1828 -1835
火殃勒地上部分中二萜类化学成分的研究
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宋辉, 马仁芬, 张华*
作者信息
  • 济南大学生物科学与技术学院, 山东 济南 250022
通讯作者:
张华, E-mail:
作者简介:

作者贡献

宋辉负责化学成分的提取分离、结构鉴定、活性测试、数据处理及文章初稿撰写; 马仁芬参与结构鉴定、数据分析处理及论文修改; 张华负责经费获取、课题管理、数据核实及论文修改。

Diterpenoid constituents from the aerial parts of Euphorbia antiquorum
Hui SONG, Ren-fen MA, Hua ZHANG*
Affiliations
  • School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
出版时间: 2025-06-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0365
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摘要
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对大戟科大戟属药用植物火殃勒(Euphorbia antiquorum) 地上部分的化学成分进行了研究。采用正相硅胶、反相十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱及半制备高效液相色谱等分离手段, 从火殃勒90%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取相中分离纯化了13个化合物, 并通过波谱学技术(MS、NMR、ECD等) 鉴定了它们的结构, 分别为5个海松烷型(pimarane, 1~5)、2个松香烷型(abietane, 6和7) 和6个阿替生烷型(atisane, 8~13) 二萜, 其中化合物1和6为新化合物。对部分二萜类成分进行了α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的测试, 实验结果显示, 化合物1对该酶具有中等抑制作用, IC50值为150.03 ± 3.41 μmol·L-1, 略低于阳性对照药阿卡波糖的数据。

火殃勒  /  结构鉴定  /  二萜  /  α-葡萄糖苷酶  /  降糖活性

The chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Euphorbia antiquorum (family Euphorbiaceae) were investigated. From the EtOAc partition of the 90% EtOH extract of the title species, thirteen compounds were separated by silica gel, octadecylsilyl silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, as well as semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of these isolates were characterized as five pimarane-type (1-5), two abietane-type (6, 7) and six atisane-type (8-13) diterpenoids on the basis of spectroscopic analyses (MS, NMR, ECD, etc.). Among them, compounds 1 and 6 were identified as two previously unreported ones. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of selective diterpenoids was further evaluated in the current work. Compound 1 exhibited moderate inhibition against the enzyme, with an IC50 of 150.03 ± 3.41 μmol·L-1, being lower than that of the reference drug acarbose.

Euphorbia antiquorum  /  structural characterization  /  diterpenoid  /  α-glycosidase  /  hypoglycemic activity
宋辉, 马仁芬, 张华. 火殃勒地上部分中二萜类化学成分的研究. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (6) : 1828 -1835 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0365
Hui SONG, Ren-fen MA, Hua ZHANG. Diterpenoid constituents from the aerial parts of Euphorbia antiquorum[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (6) : 1828 -1835 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0365
正文
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火殃勒(Euphorbia antiquorum L.) 为大戟科大戟属多年生灌木植物, 广泛分布于亚热带地区[1]。该植物全株入药, 在中国、印度、泰国等传统医学体系中, 被用于治疗水肿、肝功能障碍、风湿性关节炎及皮肤溃疡等疾病[2, 3]。
前人对火殃勒化学成分的研究表明, 其小分子代谢产物以二萜类成分为主, 目前已鉴定的结构类型包括松香烷(abietane)、瑞香烷(daphnane) 及海松烷(pimarane) 等二萜骨架[4]。本课题组近几年对大戟科药用植物中的萜类成分进行了专门系统的研究, 其中对采自云南省普洱市的火殃勒的研究工作发现, 其主要二萜类成分为巨大戟烷型(ingenane) 和续随子烷型(lathyrane), 部分化合物显示了良好的抗炎和逆转肿瘤多药耐药活性[5, 6]。为了进一步全面阐明该药用植物中的二萜类成分及其生物活性, 作者对前期剩余的浸膏进行了再研究, 共分离鉴定出13个其他类型二萜(图1), 其中有5个海松烷型(1~5)、2个松香烷型(abietane, 6和7) 和6个阿替生烷型(atisane, 8~13), 且1和6为首次发现的新化合物。对部分二萜进行α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性测试, 结果显示化合物1对该酶具有中等抑制活性。
结果与讨论
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1　新化合物结构鉴定
化合物1为白色无定型粉末。根据其高分辨质谱(HR-ESI-MS) 中的加钠准分子离子峰(m/z 325.214 2, 计算值325.213 8) 推断其分子式为C20H30O2, 不饱和度为6。其核磁共振氢谱显示了6个烯氢[δH 6.12 (dd, J = 9.9, 3.1 Hz), 5.17 (s), 5.76 (dd, J = 17.3, 10.4 Hz), 5.71 (dd, J = 9.9, 2.3 Hz), 5.02 (d, J = 17.3 Hz), 4.95 (d, J = 10.4 Hz)]、两个连氧次甲基[δH 3.31 (dd, J = 11.6, 4.5 Hz), 3.71 (brs)] 和4个单峰甲基(δH 0.71, 0.85, 1.07, 1.15) 信号。其核磁共振碳谱显示了20个碳信号, 包括6个双键碳(δC 146.6, 136.5, 130.4, 128.5, 127.9, 114.9)、4个甲基碳(δC 28.0, 23.5, 16.1, 13.4)、3个sp3杂化亚甲基碳(δC 35.1, 27.7, 25.3)、4个sp3杂化次甲基碳(δC 79.0, 72.1, 55.2, 43.8) 及3个sp3杂化季碳(δC 44.2, 38.6, 37.2)。与已知化合物ent-3β, 12α-dihydroxy-pimara-8(14), 15-diene[7]相比, 化合物1的核磁数据少了两个sp3杂化亚甲基的信号、多了一个双键的信号。进一步根据H-5/H-6/H-7的关键1H-1H COSY信号, 以及H-5与C-6和C-7、H-14与C-7和C-8之间的HMBC信号, 判断化合物1的结构中有一个Δ6双键; 仔细分析其所有上述二维核磁谱图中的数据, 确定其平面结构如图2中所示。
化合物1的相对构型通过分析其NOESY实验数据(图2) 确定。H-5同时与H-3和δH 1.22处的H-1有相关信号, 说明三者位于A环同侧, 为1, 3, 5-直立键关系, A环呈椅式构象; 同时H-9与H-5也有相关信号, 说明二者在B环中为同侧的1, 3-直立键关系。此外H3-20与H3-19之间的NOESY信号说明这两个甲基在A环中也是1, 3-直立键关系, 因此它们位于H-5的异侧; 而H3-20与δH 4.95处的H-16之间的NOESY信号说明Δ15双键与甲基-20位于分子平面的同侧, 且Δ15基团在C环中位于准直立键位置; 因此氢谱中呈宽单峰的H-12 (半峰宽约为8 Hz) 与两个H-11之间耦合常数都较小(ae键和ee键耦合), 说明H-12处于准平伏键位置, 与Δ15双键位于C环的同侧。最后, 通过基于密度泛函理论的量子化学方法计算了化合物1的两个对映异构体的圆二色谱(ECD), 与实验数据对比后(图3), 确定化合物1的绝对构型为3R, 5S, 9S, 10S, 12R, 13R, 其氢谱和碳谱数据见表1。
化合物6为淡黄色胶状固体。根据HR-ESI-MS数据(m/z 377.232 8 [M+H]+, 计算值377.232 3) 确定其分子式为C22H32O5, 不饱和度为7。其氢谱和碳谱数据与以前报道的7-deoxylangduin B[8]的数据基本一致, 唯一区别是化合物6中多了一个乙氧基的信号。进一步根据乙氧基的亚甲基氢与C-12 (δC 105.5) 之间的HMBC相关信号, 确定6中乙氧基的位置在C-12位。上述结构推理通过仔细检查分析其所有1H-1H COSY和HMBC数据(图4) 得到确证。根据二者高度吻合的对应核磁数据, 化合物6的相对构型被定为与7-deoxylangduin B一致, 并通过进一步分析其NOESY信号证实(图4)。最终根据二者一致的ECD曲线, 将其绝对构型也定为相同, 由此确定了化合物6的结构, 其氢谱和碳谱数据见表1。因为植物原材料的提取使用了乙醇, 推测6可能是提取过程中生成的人工产物。
2　活性评价
火殃勒作为传统药用植物, 主要用于治疗水肿、肝功能障碍、风湿性关节炎及皮肤溃疡等疾病, 并且还具有降糖功效。本课题对部分化合物(1~3、5、13) 进行了α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性检测, 选择第一代糖苷酶抑制剂阿卡波糖作为阳性对照药(IC50 = 517.80 ± 7.10 μmol·L-1)。结果显示, 化合物1具有一定的糖苷酶抑制活性, 其IC50值为150.03 ± 3.41 μmol·L-1 (图5)。
实验部分
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Bruker Avance DRX600核磁共振波谱仪(以TMS为内标, 化学位移δ, 耦合常数J, 瑞士布鲁克公司); 安捷伦6460三重四级杆低分辨质谱仪和安捷伦6545四级杆-飞行时间高分辨质谱仪(德国安捷伦科技有限公司); Rudolph VI高精旋光仪(美国鲁道夫公司); R-300旋转蒸发仪(瑞士步琦有限公司); Chirascan VX圆二色谱仪(英国应用光物理公司); DLSK-10/20循环冷凝泵(郑州科泰试验设备有限公司); Agilent 1260高效液相色谱仪(安捷伦科技中国有限公司); LA104/A分析天平(济南东仪实验室设备有限公司)。
硅胶(H、200~300目、300~400目, 青岛海洋化工有限公司); Sephadex LH-20凝胶(瑞典Amershan Pharmacia公司); YMC-Pack ODS-A色谱柱(10 mm × 250 mm, 日本YMC株式会社); 薄层色谱(TLC) 硅胶板(青岛海洋化工有限公司); 氘代试剂(德国Merck公司); 色谱纯溶剂(瑞典欧普森化工有限公司); 分析纯试剂(天津富宇精细化工有限公司)。如无特殊说明, 化合物分离过程中使用的溶剂体系均为体积比。
火殃勒(Euphorbia antiquorum Linn.) 地上部位于2022年4月采自中国云南省普洱市景东彝族自治县(地理坐标: 东经100°50′33.03′′, 北纬24°27′4.81′′), 并由山东中医药高等专科学校魏国栋教授鉴定。标本现保存于济南大学生物科学与技术学院天然药物化学生物学实验室(标本号: npmc-072)。
1　提取与分离
将20.0 kg风干火殃勒的块茎粉碎后用90%乙醇室温浸提三次(每次溶剂用量25.0 L, 浸提周期两周), 提取液合并后经减压浓缩获得粗提物2.3 kg。将粗提物重新悬浮溶解于3.0 L蒸馏水, 以乙酸乙酯(3 × 2.0 L) 进行萃取。收集乙酸乙酯相除去溶剂后用D-101大孔吸附树脂柱色谱分段, 使用乙醇-水系统(30%、50%、80%、95%) 梯度洗脱, 获得四个组分(A~D)。其中组分C (310.0 g) 通过硅胶柱色谱进一步分离, 以石油醚-乙酸乙酯(10∶1→1∶3) 梯度洗脱, 根据TLC检测结果合并收集为11个亚组分(C1~C11)。
组分C9 (8.0 g) 再通过反相C18柱色谱(甲醇-水, 50%→100%) 分离得到10个亚组分(C9a~C9j)。其中亚组分C9a (500 mg) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱(二氯甲烷-甲醇, 1∶1) 初步纯化后, 再通过半制备HPLC (37%乙腈-水) 分离, 最终获得化合物1 (28.0 mg, tR = 8.0 min)、2 (59.6 mg, tR = 25.0 min) 和3 (10.0 mg, tR = 29.0 min)。
组分C10 (90 g) 经硅胶柱色谱分离(石油醚-乙酸乙酯5∶1→0∶1, 梯度洗脱) 得到亚组分C10a~C10i)。组分C10c (6.5 g) 经反相C18柱色谱分离(甲醇-水, 50%→100%), 获得7个次组分(C10c1~C10c7)。次组分C10c4 (800 mg) 先用硅胶柱色谱(二氯甲烷-甲醇, 200∶1→50∶1) 处理后, 再通过HPLC (55%乙腈-水) 分离, 最终获得化合物4 (0.5 mg, tR = 27.0 min) 和5 (68.0 mg, tR = 29.0 min); 次组分C10c6 (200 mg) 直接用HPLC (65%乙腈-水) 进行分离, 获得化合物6 (33.8 mg, tR = 23.5 min)、7 (40.0 mg, tR = 26.5 min) 和8 (7.0 mg, tR = 27.0 min)。组分C10d (950 mg) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱(氯仿-甲醇, 1∶1) 分离, 获得五个次组分(C10d1~C10d5), 其中次组分C10d1 (135 mg) 通过HPLC (45%乙腈-水) 进行分离, 最终获得化合物9 (1.7 mg, tR = 12.0 min)、10 (25.0 mg, tR = 34.0 min) 和11 (0.5 mg, tR = 38.0 min)。组分C10e (3.0 g) 经反相C18柱色谱(甲醇-水, 60%→100%) 分离, 得到6个次组分(C10e1~C10e6), 其中次组分C10e2 (600 mg) 先用Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱(二氯甲烷-甲醇, 1∶1) 处理后, 再用HPLC (45%乙腈-水), 进行分离, 最终获得化合物12 (3.0 mg, tR = 13.0 min) 和13 (10.0 mg, tR = 17.0 min)。
2　ECD计算
化合物1的ECD的计算: 首先用ChemDraw_Pro_14.1软件进行MM2力场分析方法初步建立化合物1的初始构象并保存为Mol2格式的文件, 再利用Maestro 10.2软件在3.01 kcal·mol-1的能量窗口中使用MMFFs力场进行构象搜索。通过Gaussian 09软件在B3LYP/6-311G(d, p) 水平上对优化后的构象进行重新优化和含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT) 计算, 以确认重新优化的各构象能量处于最低。最后使用SpecDis 1.71软件获得理论ECD谱图。
3　新化合物理化数据与已知化合物鉴定
ent-3β, 12α-Dihydroxy-pimara-6, 8(14), 15-triene (1): 白色无定形粉末; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{25} $ -4.6 (c 0.28, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax (log ε) 238 (3.55) nm; ECD (0.28 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 202 (-0.59), 213 (-0.42), 240 (-2.00) nm; 1H和13C NMR (in CDCl3) 见表1; HR-ESI-MS m/z 325.214 2 [M+Na]+ (计算值C20H30O2Na+, 325.213 8)。
化合物2: 无色胶状固体; ESI-MS m/z 339.3 [M+Cl]-, 分子式为C20H32O2; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ +10 (c 0.13, MeOH); ECD (0.13 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 206 (-1.34) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 5.69 (dd, J = 17.7, 10.9 Hz, 1H, H-15), 5.39 (m, 1H, H-7), 5.02 (d, J = 17.7 Hz, Ha-16), 4.99 (d, J = 10.9 Hz, Hb-16), 3.62 (s, 1H, H-12), 3.22 (dd, J = 11.6, 4.4 Hz, 1H, H-3), 2.32 (d, J = 13.7 Hz, 1H, Ha-14), 2.02 (overlapped, 2H, H-9, Hb-14), 1.94 (m, 2H, H-6), 1.74 (overlapped, 2H, Ha-1 and H-2), 1.57 (m, 2H, H-11), 1.16 (overlapped, 2H, Hb-1 and H-5), 1.01 (s, 3H, Me-17), 0.97 (s, 3H, Me-19), 0.87 (s, 3H, Me-18), 0.77 (s, 3H, Me-20); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 144.7 (C-15), 134.9 (C-8), 121.1 (C-7), 113.8 (C-16), 79.3 (C-3), 74.4 (C-12), 50.1 (C-5), 45.3 (C-9), 41.3 (C-13), 39.3 (C-14), 38.7 (C-4), 37.7 (C-1), 35.0 (C-10), 28.4 (C-19), 27.9 (C-2), 27.4 (C-11), 24.9 (C-17), 23.2 (C-6), 15.6 (C-18), 14.7 (C-20)。以上波谱数据与文献[9]中报道的euphlactenoid F的波谱数据一致, 因此鉴定化合物2为euphlactenoid F。
化合物3: 无色胶状固体; ESI-MS m/z 337.4 [M+Cl]-, 分子式为C20H30O2; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ -43 (c 0.14, MeOH); ECD (0.14 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 205 (-3.58), 294 (+1.30) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 5.72 (dd, J = 17.7, 10.9 Hz, 1H, H-15), 5.44 (dd, J = 5.8, 2.8 Hz, 1H, H-7), 5.06 (d, J = 17.7 Hz, Ha-16), 5.02 (d, J = 10.9 Hz, Hb-16), 3.66 (brs, 1H, H-12), 2.66 (td, J = 14.5, 5.3 Hz, 1H, Ha-1), 2.35 (d, J = 14.9 Hz, 1H, Ha-14), 2.24 (dt, J = 14.5, 3.9 Hz, 1H, Hb-1), 2.12 (m, 1H, Ha-6), 2.07 (d, J = 14.9 Hz, 1H, Hb-14), 2.03 (m, 1H, Ha-2), 1.91 (m, 1H, Hb-6), 1.68 (m, 2H, H-11), 1.59 (dd, J = 12.0, 4.2 Hz, 1H, H-5), 1.49 (td, J = 14.0, 4.1 Hz, 1H, Hb-2), 1.11 (s, 3H, Me-19), 1.06 (s, 3H, Me-18), 1.03 (s, 3H, Me-17), 1.00 (s, 3H, Me-20); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 216.9 (C-3), 144.5 (C-15), 135.1 (C-8), 120.7 (C-7), 113.8 (C-16), 74.1 (C-12), 51.7 (C-5), 47.5 (C-13), 44.4 (C-9), 41.3 (C-4), 39.2 (C-14), 37.9 (C-1), 34.8 (C-10), 34.7 (C-2), 27.9 (C-11), 25.5 (C-18), 24.9 (C-17), 23.8 (C-6), 22.5 (C-19), 14.4 (C-20)。以上波谱数据与文献[9]中报道的euphlactenoid E的波谱数据一致, 因此鉴定化合物3为euphlactenoid E。
化合物4: 淡黄色胶状固体; ESI-MS m/z 361.3 [M+H]+, 分子式为C22H32O4; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ +10 (c 0.01, MeOH); ECD (0.25 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 217 (-4.79), 251 (+7.01), 326 (-2.15) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 5.74 (dd, J = 17.5, 10.8 Hz, 1H, H-15), 5.21 (dd, J = 10.8, 1.1 Hz, 1H, Ha-16), 5.18 (dd, J = 17.5, 1.1 Hz, 1H, Hb-16), 4.53 (dd, J = 11.8, 4.4 Hz, 1H, H-3), 3.57 (m, 1H, H-12), 2.52 (m, 1H, Ha-11), 2.48 (dd, 1H, J = 13.9, 3.9 Hz, Ha-6), 2.43 (d, 1H, J=13.9 Hz, Hb-6), 2.18 (m, 1H, Hb-11), 2.07 (s, 3H, OAc), 1.90 (dt, J = 13.1, 3.5 Hz, 1H, H-14), 1.82 (overlapped, 2H, Ha-2 and H-5), 1.71 (m, 1H, Hb-2), 1.53 (m, 1H, H-1), 1.13 (s, 3H, Me-20), 0.97 (s, 3H, Me-18), 0.92 (s, 3H, Me-17), 0.89 (s, 3H, Me-19); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 199.1 (C-7), 171.0 (C-OAc), 162.2 (C-9), 145.0 (C-15), 128.4 (C-8), 115.6 (C-16), 79.6 (C-3), 71.2 (C-12), 49.4 (C-5), 40.2 (C-13), 39.3 (C-10), 37.7 (C-4), 34.9 (C-6), 34.7 (C-14), 33.7 (C-1), 30.2 (C-11), 27.5 (C-19), 23.8 (C-2), 21.4 (C-OAc), 18.0 (C-20), 16.4 (C-18), 14.9 (C-17)。以上波谱数据与文献[9]报道的euphlactenoid G的波谱数据基本一致, 因此鉴定化合物4为euphlactenoid G。
化合物5: 白色固体粉末; ESI-MS m/z 339.5 [M+Cl]-, 分子式为C20H32O2; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ -46 (c 0.08, MeOH); ECD (0.04 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 214 (+13.84) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 5.75 (dd, J = 17.5, 10.8 Hz, 1H, H-15), 5.17 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 1H, Ha-16), 5.13 (d, J = 17.5 Hz, 1H, Hb-16), 3.55 (dd, J = 9.6, 5.6 Hz, 1H, H-12), 3.24 (dd, J = 11.7, 4.5 Hz, 1H, H-3), 2.28 (dd, J = 16.7, 4.1 Hz, 1H, Ha-11), 1.99 (d, J = 17.4 Hz, 1H, Ha-14), 1.89 (m, 1H, Hb-11), 1.69 (d, J = 17.4 Hz, 1H, Hb-14), 1.12 (brd, J = 12.5, 1H, H-5), 1.01 (s, 3H, Me-18), 0.97 (s, 3H, Me-20), 0.94 (s, 3H, Me-17), 0.81 (s, 3H, Me-19); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 146.4 (C-15), 134.7 (C-9), 124.4 (C-8), 114.7 (C-16), 79.0 (C-3), 72.4 (C-12), 51.0 (C-5), 43.1 (C-14), 41.1 (C-13), 38.9 (C-4), 37.4 (C-10), 34.8 (C-1), 32.2 (C-11), 28.7 (C-19), 28.2 (C-2), 27.8 (C-7), 19.4 (C-6), 18.7 (C-20), 15.7 (C-18), 14.5 (C-17)。以上波谱数据与文献[10]报道的ent-3β, 11α-dihydroxypimara-8, 15-diene的波谱数据基本一致, 因此鉴定化合物5为ent-3β, 11α-dihydroxypimara-8, 15-diene。
7-Deoxy-12-O-ethyl-langduin B (6): 淡黄色胶状固体; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{25} $ -86 (c 0.05, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax (log ε) 231 (4.13), 288 (4.08) nm; ECD (0.50 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 198 (-0.90), 248 (+1.40), 289 (-2.23) nm; 1H和 13C NMR (in CDCl3) 见表1; HR-ESI-MS m/z 377.232 8 [M+H]+ (计算值C22H33O5+, 377.232 3)。
化合物7: 白色固体粉末; ESI-MS m/z 317.2 [M+H]+, 分子式为C20H28O3; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ +118 (c 0.14, MeOH); ECD (0.35 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 211 (-1.28), 221 (-1.16), 238 (-1.60), 277 (+4.49) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 6.31 (s, 1H, H-14), 4.90 (m, 1H, H-12), 4.49 (t, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H, H-11), 2.53 (m, 1H, H-7), 2.25 (m, 1H, H-9), 1.94 (d, J = 12.8 Hz, 1H, H-6), 1.86 (s, 3H, Me-15), 1.24 (m, 1H, H-5), 0.92 (s, 6H, Me-18, Me-20), 0.86 (s, 3H, Me-19); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 175.5 (C-16), 152.7 (C-8), 150.1 (C-13), 118.1 (C-15), 113.5 (C-14), 79.5 (C-12), 64.5 (C-11), 60.9 (C-9), 55.4 (C-5), 41.7 (C-3), 40.3 (C-10), 39.4 (C-1), 37.1 (C-7), 33.9 (C-18), 33.6 (C-4), 23.8 (C-6), 21.8 (C-19), 19.0 (C-2), 17.3 (C-20), 8.5 (C-17)。以上波谱数据与文献[11]中报道的ent-1lα-hydroxyabieta-8(14), 13(15)-dien-16, 12-olide的波谱数据基本一致, 因此鉴定化合物7为ent-1lα-hydroxyabieta-8(14), 13(15)-dien-16, 12-olide。
化合物8: 无色胶状固体; ESI-MS m/z 425.2 [M+Na]+, 分子式为C24H34O5; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ +32 (c 0.68, MeOH); ECD (0.34 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 200 (+1.70), 225 (-0.99), 309 (+1.05) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 5.03 (s, 1H, Ha-17), 4.87 (s, 1H, Hb-17), 4.59 (d, J = 11.4 Hz, 1H, Ha-19), 3.89 (br s, 1H, H-13), 3.85 (d, J = 11.4 Hz, 1H, Hb-19), 2.83 (m, 1H, H-12), 2.72 (m, 1H, Ha-2), 2.43 (m, 1H, Ha-7), 2.33 (overlapped, 3H, Hb-2, H2-15), 2.21 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H, OBu), 2.03 (m, 1H, Ha-11), 1.93 (m, 1H, Ha-1), 1.76 (m, 1H, Hb-11), 1.38 (overlapped, 2H, Hb-1, H-5), 1.16 (s, 3H, Me-18), 0.94 (s, 3H, Me-20), 0.91 (t, 3H, J = 7.4 Hz, Me-butyroyl); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 217.8 (C-14), 212.3 (C-3), 173.6 (C-21), 142.2 (C-16) 111.4 (C-17), 75.2 (C-13), 65.8 (C-19), 56.9 (C-5), 51.9 (C-4), 51.3 (C-9), 47.3 (C-8), 44.8 (C-12), 43.7 (C-15), 37.7 (C-10), 37.3 (C-1), 36.1 (C-22), 34.9 (C-2), 30.8 (C-7), 25.7 (C-11), 21.3 (C-18), 20.1 (C-6), 18.4 (C-23), 14.4 (C-20), 13.7 (C-24)。以上波谱数据与文献[12]中报道的antiquorpene F的波谱数据基本一致, 因此鉴定化合物8为antiquorpene F。
化合物9: 暗红色胶状固体; ESI-MS m/z: 349.0 [M+Cl]-, 分子式为C20H26O3; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ +38 (c 0.13, MeOH); ECD (0.13 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 200 (+3.76), 219 (-2.02), 306 (+1.85) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 6.81 (d, J = 10.2 Hz, 1H, H-1), 5.91 (d, J = 10.2 Hz, 1H, H-2), 5.05 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-17), 4.89 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H, Hb-17), 3.88 (d, J = 3.0 Hz 1H, H-13), 2.88 (q, J = 3.3 Hz, 1H, H-12), 2.46 (dt, J = 13.6, 3.3 Hz, 1H, H-7), 2.35 (brs, 2H, H-15), 2.19 (m, 2H, H-11), 1.16 (s, 3H, Me-18), 1.05 (s, 3H, Me-19), 0.91 (s, 3H, Me-20); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 217.8 (C-14), 204.4 (C-3), 154.8 (C-1), 141.8 (C-16), 126.7 (C-2), 111.5 (C-17), 75.1 (C-13), 52.7 (C-5), 47.6 (C-8), 46.9 (C-9), 44.6 (C-4), 44.5 (C-12), 43.6 (C-15), 40.2 (C-10), 30.3 (C-7), 27.5 (C-18), 25.5 (C-11), 21.7 (C-19), 19.3 (C-6), 17.1 (C-20)。以上波谱数据与文献[13]报道的euphwanoid F的波谱数据基本一致, 因此鉴定化合物9为euphwanoid F。
化合物10: 白色固体粉末; ESI-MS m/z 317.2 [M+H]+, 分子式为C20H28O3; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ +44 (c 0.13, MeOH); ECD (0.13 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 200 (+5.07), 218 (-2.55), 305 (+2.27) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 5.00 (brs, 1H, Ha-17), 4.83 (brs, 1H, Hb-17), 3.86 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H, H-13), 2.79 (q, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-12), 2.52 (ddd, J = 15.8, 13.2, 6.4 Hz, 1H, Ha-2), 2.38 (dt, J = 13.6, 3.3 Hz, 1H, Hb-2), 2.31 (m, 1H, Hb-2), 2.29 (m, 2H, H2-15), 1.99 (ddd, J = 14.1, 11.6, 3.8 Hz, 1H, Ha-11), 1.84 (ddd, J = 13.4, 6.4, 3.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1), 1.73 (ddd, J = 14.1, 6.3, 2.6 Hz, 1H, Hb-11), 1.64 (dd, J = 11.6, 63 Hz, 1H, H-9), 1.48 (m, 2H, H2-6), 1.37 (td, J = 13.4, 5.5 Hz, 1H, Hb-1), 1.29 (m, 1H, H-5), 1.06 (s, 3H, Me-18), 0.98 (s, 3H, Me-19), 0.92 (m, 1H, Hb-7), 0.82 (s, 3H, Me-20); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 218.1 (C-14), 216.1 (C-3), 142.3 (C-16), 111.1 (C-17), 75.1 (C-13), 55.1 (C-5), 51.1 (C-9), 47.5 (C-4), 47.3 (C-8), 44.8 (C-12), 43.6 (C-15), 37.5 (C-10), 36.7 (C-1), 34.1 (C-2), 30.4 (C-7), 26.1 (C-18), 25.3 (C-11), 21.9 (C-19), 19.9 (C-6), 13.7 (C-20)。以上波谱数据与文献[14]报道的ent-(13S)-13-hydroxyatis-16-ene-3, 14-dione的波谱数据基本一致, 因此鉴定化合物10为ent-(13S)-13-hydroxyatis-16-ene-3, 14-dione。
化合物11: 无色胶状固体; ESI-MS m/z: 341.2 [M+Na]+, 分子式为C20H30O3; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ +16 (c 0.08, MeOH); ECD (0.08 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 199 (+2.72), 218 (-1.96), 301 (+1.34) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 5.00 (brs, 1H, Ha-17), 4.84 (brs, 1H, Hb-17), 3.85 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H, H-13), 3.22 (dd, J = 11.6, 4.1 Hz, 1H, H-3), 2.78 (q, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H, H-12), 2.39 (m, 1H, Ha-7), 2.29 (t, J = 2.4 Hz, 2H, H2-15), 1.95 (ddd, J = 14.2, 11.5, 3.8 Hz, 1H, Ha-11), 1.39 (m, 2H, H2-6), 1.00 (s, 3H, Me-18), 0.90 (td, J = 13.4, 4.7 Hz, 1H, Hb-7), 0.76 (s, 3H, Me-19), 0.67 (s, 3H, Me-20); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 218.5 (C-14), 142.9 (C-16), 110.9 (C-17), 79.0 (C-3), 75.3 (C-13), 54.7 (C-5), 52.1 (C-9), 47.5 (C-8), 45.0 (C-12), 44.1 (C-15.), 38.8 (C-4), 38.0 (C-10), 36.5 (C-1), 30.9 (C-7), 28.6 (C-18), 27.0 (C-2), 25.4 (C-11), 19.0 (C-6), 15.7 (C-19), 14.2 (C-20)。以上波谱数据与文献[15]报道的ent-3β, 13S-dihydroxyatis-16-en-14-one的波谱数据基本一致, 因此鉴定化合物11为ent-3β, 13S-dihydroxyatis-16-en-14-one。
化合物12: 无色胶状固体; ESI-MS m/z 317.1 [M-H]-, 分子式为C20H30O3; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ +10 (c 0.01, MeOH); ECD (0.24 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 198 (+3.87), 215 (-2.57), 295 (+1.33) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 4.87 (s, 1H, Ha-17), 4.66 (s, 1H, Hb-17), 4.15 (d, J = 11.1 Hz, 1H, Ha-19), 3.42 (dd, J = 11.3, 5.0 Hz, 1H, H-3), 3.32 (d, J = 11.1 Hz, 1H, Hb-19), 2.69 (t, J = 3.1 Hz, 1H, H-12), 2.28 (m, 4H, Ha-7, H-13, Ha-15), 2.19 (m, 1H, Hb-15), 1.85 (m, 1H, Ha-11), 1.74 (m, 1H, Ha-2), 1.69 (m, 1H, Hb-2), 1.54 (dd, J = 10.8, 6.7 Hz, 1H, H-9), 1.42 (qd, J = 13.1, 3.9 Hz, 1H, Hb-6), 1.23 (s, 3H, Me-18), 0.98 (m, 1H, Hb-1), 0.93 (dd, J = 12.7, 2.2 Hz, 1H, Hb-7), 0.86 (td, J = 13.2, 4.8 Hz, 1H, Hb-7), 0.64 (s, 3H, Me-20); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 216.6 (C-14), 147.3 (C-16), 106.9 (C-17), 80.8 (C-3), 64.2 (C-19), 55.4 (C-5), 52.7 (C-9), 47.7 (C-8), 44.5 (C-13), 42.7 (C-4), 42.6 (C-15), 38.4 (C-12), 37.6 (C-10), 36.5 (C-1), 31.8 (C-7), 28.1 (C-11), 27.3 (C-2), 22.6 (C-18), 18.9 (C-6), 14.0 (C-20)。以上波谱数据与文献[16]报道的phorneroid J的波谱数据基本一致, 因此鉴定化合物12为phorneroid J。
化合物13: 无色胶状固体; ESI-MS m/z 317.3 [M-H]-, 分子式为C20H30O3; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{30} $ +34 (c 1.0, MeOH); ECD (0.25 mg·mL-1, MeOH) λ (Δε) 208 (+4.18), 236 (-9.99), 341 (+2.00) nm; 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δH 6.93 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, 1H, H-1), 5.82 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, 1H, H-2), 3.59 (d, J = 10.9 Hz, 1H, Ha-17), 3.45 (d, J = 10.9 Hz, 1H, Hb-17), 2.21 (m, 1H, Ha-13), 1.89 (m, 1H, H-12), 1.64 (m, 1H, H-5), 1.58 (m, 2H, H2-6), 1.48 (m, 1H, Hb-13), 1.23 (s, 3H, Me-18), 1.17 (dd, J = 13.9, 3.6 Hz, 1H, Hb-7), 1.14 (s, 3H, Me-19), 1.08 (s, 3H, Me-20), 0.85 (m, 1H, H-14); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δC 205.4 (C-3), 158.7 (C-1), 125.1 (C-2), 74.1 (C-16), 68.8 (C-17), 53.7 (C-5), 52.3 (C-15), 46.0 (C-9), 44.7 (C-4), 40.2 (C-10), 38.8 (C-7), 33.5 (C-8), 32.1 (C-12), 27.7 (C-14), 27.5 (C-18), 23.1 (C-13), 23.0 (C-11), 21.6 (C-19), 19.0 (C-6), 17.5 (C-20)。以上波谱数据与文献[17]报道的eupneria H的波谱数据基本一致, 因此鉴定化合物13为eupneria H。
4　活性测试
4.1　反应溶液的准备
4.1.1　配制底物溶液
精确称取3.2 mg 4-硝基苯基-β-d-吡喃葡糖糖苷(pNPG), 加0.1 mol·L-1的磷酸缓冲液(PBS, pH 6.8) 溶解, 配置成16.0 mmol·L-1的母液。将母液分别稀释成8.0、4.0、2.0、1.0、0.5 mmol·L-1 5个不同梯度的标准品溶液, 备用。
4.1.2　配制α-葡萄糖苷酶溶液
将冻干酶粉(酶活力为16.0 U·mg-1) 用0.1 mol·L-1 PBS溶液溶解, 配制成3.2 U·mL-1的母液。然后将酶溶液分别稀释, 配制成1.6、0.8、0.4、0.2、0.1 U·mL-1的酶溶液, 备用。
4.1.3　配制0.2 mol·L-1的Na2CO3溶液
称取1.08 g Na2CO3于烧杯中, 加入50 mL蒸馏水溶解, 4 ℃下保存, 备用。
4.2　 α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的测定
首先摸索pNPG溶液和酶溶液的最佳浓度, 分别确定为4.0 mmol·L-1和0.4 U·mL-1。
参照本课题组和文献中的方法[18, 19]。实验在96孔板中进行, 分为空白组、对照组、阳性对照组和样品组。样品和阿卡波糖用DMSO配制成20 mmol·L-1初始溶液, 空白组依次加入99.0 μL PBS缓冲液、1.0 μL DMSO、25.0 μL PBS; 对照组依次加入99.0 μL PBS缓冲液、1.0 μL DMSO、25.0 μL 0.4 U·mL-1酶溶液; 阳性对照组依次加入99.0 μL PBS缓冲液、1.0 μL阿卡波糖溶液、25.0 μL 0.4 U·mL-1酶溶液; 样品组依次加入99.0 μL PBS缓冲液、1.0 μL样品、25.0 μL 0.4 U·mL-1酶溶液。混合均匀, 于37 ℃摇床培养15.0 min, 然后加入25.0 μL pNPG溶液(4.0 mmol·L-1) 继续于37 ℃摇床培养15.0 min, 结束后加入50.0 μL 0.2 mol·L-1的Na2CO3溶液中止反应。由于pNPG在α-葡萄糖苷酶的作用下能水解产生葡萄糖和PNP, PNP在405 nm处有最大吸收, 用酶标仪测定其在405 nm处的吸光度, 并计算抑制率和IC50值。

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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0365
  • 接收时间：2025-04-01
  • 首发时间：2026-09-20
  • 出版时间：2025-06-12
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  • 收稿日期：2025-04-01
  • 修回日期：2025-04-25
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    济南大学生物科学与技术学院, 山东 济南 250022

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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