Article(id=1308455734157538028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455539181114200, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0339, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743091200000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-28, revisedDate=1749657600000, revisedDateStr=2025-06-12, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789889756955, onlineDateStr=2026-09-20, pubDate=1752249600000, pubDateStr=2025-07-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789889756955, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789889756955, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789889756955, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308455539181114200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='7', pageStart='1965', pageEnd='2374', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1752249600000', pubDateStr='2025-07-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789889710469, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789895523604, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308479921307807825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455539181114200, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308479921307807826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455539181114200, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2035, endPage=2039, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308455734363058925, articleId=1308455734157538028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Establishment and application of the method for the detection of bactericidal antibodies against Neisseria meningitidis in Group X, columnId=1308455542700135265, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Special Reports: Research progress and development trend of carbohydrate-based vaccines, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The serum bactericidal assay (SBA), a gold standard recommended by the World Health Organization for detecting antibody levels against Neisseria meningitidis (Nm), was utilized in this study. Based on the classic Nm bactericidal antibody detection methodology, we optimized experimental parameters including sample volume, complement selection, Nm target bacterial concentration, bactericidal reaction time, and positive reference serum concentration to establish a serogroup X Nm bactericidal antibody detection protocol. The specificity, repeatability, and stability of the positive reference serum were systematically validated. The established method was applied to analyze bactericidal antibody levels in 508 serum samples of healthy individuals under 5 years old from Hennan, Jiangsu, Anhui and Shanxi provinces. Geometric mean titers (GMT) were calculated and statistically analyzed by region and age group. Results demonstrated that 95.7% serum samples exhibited serogroup X Nm bactericidal antibody titers below 8, with an overall GMT of 2.20. No statistically significant regional differences in GMT were observed (H = 6.688, P = 0.083). Age-stratified analysis revealed that 6.37% of infants aged 0-11 months displayed antibody titers greater than or equal to 8. This proportion progressively declined with age, reaching 0.49% in the 2-5 years group. However, no significant inter-group differences in GMT were detected among age cohorts (H = 4.756, P = 0.093). The findings indicate that the serum bactericidal antibody titers against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup X (Nm X) are relatively low among healthy children under 5 years of age in China. This study has developed a reliable detection method for Nm X SBA with good specificity, stability, and reproducibility. Furthermore, it has provided the data on Nm X SBA levels among children under 5 years old from various regions, offering scientific guidance for the future prevention and control of serogroup X meningococcal disease in China. All the serum used in this experiment were approved by Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ethics Review Committee (approval number: 2019YM-005-02), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ethics Review Committee (approval number: JSJK202-A054-02), and Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ethics Review Committee (approval number: SXCDCIRBP2020050001).

, authors=Dan ZHAO, Bin LI, Yue YANG, Mao-guang LI, Shan-shan WANG, Ying-hua XU*, Bin WANG*, authorsList=Dan ZHAO, Bin LI, Yue YANG, Mao-guang LI, Shan-shan WANG, Ying-hua XU, Bin WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Ying-hua XU, Bin WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308455734933484272, articleId=1308455734157538028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌杀菌抗体检测方法的建立及应用, columnId=1308455542851130211, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=专题报道: 糖疫苗的研究进展与发展趋势, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌(Neisseria meningitidis, Nm) 特异性杀菌抗体检测方法血清体外杀菌试验(serum bactericidal assay, SBA) 是世界卫生组织推荐的Nm抗体水平检测的金标准, 本文基于经典的Nm杀菌抗体检测方法, 优化加样体积、筛选补体、Nm靶菌液浓度和杀菌时间以及阳性参考血清浓度等试验因素, 建立了X群Nm杀菌抗体检测方法, 并对方法的特异性、重复性以及阳性参考血清稳定性进行验证。应用建立的方法对来自河南、江苏、安徽和山西省的508份5岁以下健康人群血清进行了杀菌抗体水平检测, 计算杀菌抗体几何平均滴度(geometric mean titer, GMT), 并按照地区和年龄组别进行统计分析。结果显示, 95.7%的血清样本X群Nm杀菌抗体滴度低于8, GMT为2.20, 不同地区X群抗体滴度GMT差异无统计学意义(H = 6.688, P = 0.083)。不同年龄组分析结果显示, 0~11月龄中X群Nm杀菌抗体滴度≥ 8比率为6.37%, 随着年龄的增长, 人群中杀菌抗体滴度≥8比率呈现下降趋势, 在2~5岁组人群中仅为0.49%, 不同年龄组X群杀菌抗体GMT差异无统计学意义(H = 4.756, P = 0.093)。表明我国5岁以下健康人群血清X群Nm杀菌抗体滴度较低。本研究构建了特异性、稳定性、重复性良好的X群Nm杀菌抗体检测方法, 并以此方法获得不同地区5岁以下健康人群X群Nm杀菌抗体水平的背景资料, 为后续我国X群Nm的预防和控制提供科学指导。本试验所有血清均经河南省疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会(批准号: 2019-YM-005-02)、江苏省疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会(批准号: JSJK2020-A054-02) 及山西省疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会(批准号: SXCDCIRBPJ2020050001) 批准。

, authors=赵丹, 李彬, 杨越, 李茂光, 王珊珊, 徐颖华*, 王斌*, authorsList=赵丹, 李彬, 杨越, 李茂光, 王珊珊, 徐颖华, 王斌, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=徐颖华, 王斌, authorNote=

#共同第一作者.

作者贡献:

赵丹完成整体试验、数据分析和论文撰写; 李彬、杨越、王珊珊协助完成数据分析; 李茂光负责论文修改与指导; 徐颖华负责试验设计、论文修改和基金支持; 王斌为实验室负责人, 负责基金支持和论文修改。

, correspAuthorsNote=
徐颖华, Tel: 13522715406, E-mail:
王斌, Tel: 13611039871, E-mail:
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Global research advances in meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccines [J]. Chin J Microbiol Immunol, 2024, 44: 304-316., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308498153205236149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455734157538028, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Linder KA, Malani PN. Meningococcal meningitis [J]. 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Group of regionsNumber of people (case)GMTLower limit of 95% CIUpper limit of 95% CI≥8 (case)
Henan2042.272.112.4313
Shanxi1022.041.962.131
Jiangsu1012.312.062.606
Anhui1012.111.952.292
Total5082.202.112.2922
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Analysis results of serogroup X Nm bactericidal antibodies in different regions in healthy individuals under 5 years old. GMT: Geometric mean titer; CI: Confidence interval

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Group of regionsNumber of people (case)GMTLower limit of 95% CIUpper limit of 95% CI≥8 (case)
Henan2042.272.112.4313
Shanxi1022.041.962.131
Jiangsu1012.312.062.606
Anhui1012.111.952.292
Total5082.202.112.2922
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Group of ageNumber of people (case)GMTLower limit of 95% CIUpper limit of 95% CI≥8 (case)
0-11 month2042.272.112.4313
12-23 month2022.212.062.378
2-5 year1022.041.962.131
Total5082.202.112.2922
), ArticleFig(id=1308498152890663347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455734157538028, language=CN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Analysis results of serogroup X Nm bactericidal antibodies in different age groups in healthy individuals under 5 years old

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Group of ageNumber of people (case)GMTLower limit of 95% CIUpper limit of 95% CI≥8 (case)
0-11 month2042.272.112.4313
12-23 month2022.212.062.378
2-5 year1022.041.962.131
Total5082.202.112.2922
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X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌杀菌抗体检测方法的建立及应用
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赵丹 , 李彬 , 杨越 , 李茂光 , 王珊珊 , 徐颖华 * , 王斌 *
药学学报 | 专题报道: 糖疫苗的研究进展与发展趋势 2025,60(7): 2035-2039
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药学学报 |专题报道: 糖疫苗的研究进展与发展趋势 2025 , 60 (7) : 2035 -2039
X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌杀菌抗体检测方法的建立及应用
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赵丹, 李彬, 杨越, 李茂光, 王珊珊, 徐颖华* , 王斌*
作者信息
  • 中国食品药品检定研究院, 药品监管科学全国重点实验室, 卫健委生物技术产业检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 北京 102629
通讯作者:
徐颖华, Tel: 13522715406, E-mail:
王斌, Tel: 13611039871, E-mail:
作者简介:

#共同第一作者.

作者贡献:

赵丹完成整体试验、数据分析和论文撰写; 李彬、杨越、王珊珊协助完成数据分析; 李茂光负责论文修改与指导; 徐颖华负责试验设计、论文修改和基金支持; 王斌为实验室负责人, 负责基金支持和论文修改。

Establishment and application of the method for the detection of bactericidal antibodies against Neisseria meningitidis in Group X
Dan ZHAO, Bin LI, Yue YANG, Mao-guang LI, Shan-shan WANG, Ying-hua XU* , Bin WANG*
Affiliations
  • State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
出版时间: 2025-07-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0339
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脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌(Neisseria meningitidis, Nm) 特异性杀菌抗体检测方法血清体外杀菌试验(serum bactericidal assay, SBA) 是世界卫生组织推荐的Nm抗体水平检测的金标准, 本文基于经典的Nm杀菌抗体检测方法, 优化加样体积、筛选补体、Nm靶菌液浓度和杀菌时间以及阳性参考血清浓度等试验因素, 建立了X群Nm杀菌抗体检测方法, 并对方法的特异性、重复性以及阳性参考血清稳定性进行验证。应用建立的方法对来自河南、江苏、安徽和山西省的508份5岁以下健康人群血清进行了杀菌抗体水平检测, 计算杀菌抗体几何平均滴度(geometric mean titer, GMT), 并按照地区和年龄组别进行统计分析。结果显示, 95.7%的血清样本X群Nm杀菌抗体滴度低于8, GMT为2.20, 不同地区X群抗体滴度GMT差异无统计学意义(H = 6.688, P = 0.083)。不同年龄组分析结果显示, 0~11月龄中X群Nm杀菌抗体滴度≥ 8比率为6.37%, 随着年龄的增长, 人群中杀菌抗体滴度≥8比率呈现下降趋势, 在2~5岁组人群中仅为0.49%, 不同年龄组X群杀菌抗体GMT差异无统计学意义(H = 4.756, P = 0.093)。表明我国5岁以下健康人群血清X群Nm杀菌抗体滴度较低。本研究构建了特异性、稳定性、重复性良好的X群Nm杀菌抗体检测方法, 并以此方法获得不同地区5岁以下健康人群X群Nm杀菌抗体水平的背景资料, 为后续我国X群Nm的预防和控制提供科学指导。本试验所有血清均经河南省疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会(批准号: 2019-YM-005-02)、江苏省疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会(批准号: JSJK2020-A054-02) 及山西省疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会(批准号: SXCDCIRBPJ2020050001) 批准。

脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌  /  X群  /  杀菌抗体  /  参考血清  /  家兔补体

The serum bactericidal assay (SBA), a gold standard recommended by the World Health Organization for detecting antibody levels against Neisseria meningitidis (Nm), was utilized in this study. Based on the classic Nm bactericidal antibody detection methodology, we optimized experimental parameters including sample volume, complement selection, Nm target bacterial concentration, bactericidal reaction time, and positive reference serum concentration to establish a serogroup X Nm bactericidal antibody detection protocol. The specificity, repeatability, and stability of the positive reference serum were systematically validated. The established method was applied to analyze bactericidal antibody levels in 508 serum samples of healthy individuals under 5 years old from Hennan, Jiangsu, Anhui and Shanxi provinces. Geometric mean titers (GMT) were calculated and statistically analyzed by region and age group. Results demonstrated that 95.7% serum samples exhibited serogroup X Nm bactericidal antibody titers below 8, with an overall GMT of 2.20. No statistically significant regional differences in GMT were observed (H = 6.688, P = 0.083). Age-stratified analysis revealed that 6.37% of infants aged 0-11 months displayed antibody titers greater than or equal to 8. This proportion progressively declined with age, reaching 0.49% in the 2-5 years group. However, no significant inter-group differences in GMT were detected among age cohorts (H = 4.756, P = 0.093). The findings indicate that the serum bactericidal antibody titers against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup X (Nm X) are relatively low among healthy children under 5 years of age in China. This study has developed a reliable detection method for Nm X SBA with good specificity, stability, and reproducibility. Furthermore, it has provided the data on Nm X SBA levels among children under 5 years old from various regions, offering scientific guidance for the future prevention and control of serogroup X meningococcal disease in China. All the serum used in this experiment were approved by Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ethics Review Committee (approval number: 2019YM-005-02), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ethics Review Committee (approval number: JSJK202-A054-02), and Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ethics Review Committee (approval number: SXCDCIRBP2020050001).

meningococcus  /  group X  /  bactericidal antibody  /  reference serum  /  rabbit complement
赵丹, 李彬, 杨越, 李茂光, 王珊珊, 徐颖华, 王斌. X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌杀菌抗体检测方法的建立及应用. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (7) : 2035 -2039 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0339
Dan ZHAO, Bin LI, Yue YANG, Mao-guang LI, Shan-shan WANG, Ying-hua XU, Bin WANG. Establishment and application of the method for the detection of bactericidal antibodies against Neisseria meningitidis in Group X[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (7) : 2035 -2039 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0339
流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑) 是由脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌(Neisseria meningitidis, Nm) 或称脑膜炎球菌引起的急性化脓性中枢神经系统感染, 具有发病不确定性、起病急、进展快等特点, 全球范围内病死率超过10%[1]。随着疫苗的广泛使用, 在不同国家和地区的流脑发病率大幅度下降[2]。但每年全世界仍有约200万流脑病例, 其中包括近20万死亡病例[3]。流行病学研究发现, 引起流脑流行的血清群也呈现由A和C群向B、W、Y和X群多元化变化趋势。在北美和欧洲, B群Nm是婴儿中与流脑相关最常见的血清型[4]。在非洲, 2016~2017年期间A群Nm感染仅占2 897例确诊流脑病例的0.8%, 大多数流脑病例是由C、W和X群Nm引起[5]。值得特别注意的是由X群Nm引起流脑病例呈现逐渐增多趋势, 如在非洲脑膜炎加纳地区2016年分离94株Nm中仅有1例X群Nm菌株, 而在2020年66株Nm中就包含了54株X群菌株[6], 此外, 在哈萨克斯坦、波兰和土耳其等国家也出现X群流脑疫情[7]。为此, 国外企业开发了一种涵盖A/C/W/Y/X五价流脑多糖结合疫苗, Ⅲ临床试验结果证实具有良好的免疫原性和安全性[8]。在中国, X群流脑病例报道较少, 偶尔有散发病例报道[9], 在健康人群中针对X群Nm的免疫保护抗体水平也不清楚。
血清杀菌抗体(bactericidal antibody) 能够反映抗体的功能活性和疫苗的保护效果, 是流脑血清流行病学研究和疫苗保护效果评价的最重要指标之一[8, 10]。为促进国内X群流脑疫苗研发, 本研究基于血清杀菌抗体实验建立了标准化的X群杀菌抗体检测体系, 并对跨省份采集的508份5岁以下健康儿童血清样本开展系统性检测分析。通过评估不同年龄组和不同地区人群抗体水平分布特征, 为疫苗研发提供了重要免疫学依据。
仪器和试剂  SPX-150型37 ℃培养箱(中仪国科科技有限公司); HF151型二氧化碳培养箱(Heal Force公司); DW-HL528G型-80 ℃冰箱(中科美菱低温科技股份有限公司); MH-2型微孔板振荡器(海门市其林贝尔仪器制造有限公司); TW20型水浴锅(德国Julabo公司); 氯化三苯四氮唑(TTC) 琼脂培养基、无菌稀释液均来源于中国食品药品检定研究院(简称中检院); 96孔板(货号3799) 购自美国Corning公司。
菌株、参考血清与补体  X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌[菌株编号CMCC (B) 29040]; A群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清(批号210002-201902); C群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清(批号210004-201902); Y群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清(批号210005-201902); W135群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清(批号210006-201902) 及X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清(批号210009-201902) 均来源于中国医学细菌保藏管理中心; 补体及灭活补体均来源于中检院。
血清样本  508份血清于2020~2021年采集自河南、江苏、安徽和山西省的5岁以下健康人群受试者。所有受试者经静脉采血2 mL, 于采集当日分离血清, 置-20 ℃以下保存备用。所有血清样本均为中检院留样, 并经河南省疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会(批准号: 2019-YM-005-02)、江苏省疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会(批准号: JSJK2020-A054-02) 及山西省疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会(批准号: SXCDCIRBPJ2020050001) 批准。
X群Nm靶菌液制备  取冻存的X群Nm划线接种于含5%羊血的哥伦比亚血琼脂平板上, 置于37 ℃、5%二氧化碳培养箱中恒温培养15~20 h, 使用无菌接种环挑取适宜单菌落以四区划线法转种至新鲜平板上进行二次传代培养4~6 h。取该靶菌用无菌稀释液稀释至适宜浓度, 备用, 应在30 min内完成后续操作。
X群Nm杀菌抗体检测方法  将血清样本于56 ℃恒温水浴箱内灭活30 min以去除内源补体活性。选择无自然杀菌活性的家兔血清作为补体, 以X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清作为阳性质控血清。在96孔板中预先加入25 μL无菌稀释液, 取25 μL血清样本加入首孔, 连续倍比稀释至最后一孔, 每孔终体积维持25 μL。每孔加入25 μL补体和25 μL X群Nm靶菌液, 于37 ℃恒温孵育25 min, 最后加入50 μL TTC琼脂培养基。将反应板置于37 ℃、5%二氧化碳培养箱中恒温孵育过夜。结果判定: 当血清样本孔内菌落数量为补体对照孔的一半以上时, 判为杀菌结果阴性; 孔内菌落数量少于补体对照孔一半时, 判为杀菌结果阳性。杀菌抗体的滴度以血清稀释度计算, 杀菌阳性的最大稀释度即为血清杀菌抗体滴度。
特异性  取96孔板, 于首行加入8倍稀释的X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清, 第2~7行分别加入稀释16倍的A群、C群、Y群和W135群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清, 按照上述优化条件进行检测。
批内精密度  将X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清稀释4、8和16倍, 同一实验人员每个稀释度重复检测6次。
批间精密度  取8和16倍稀释的X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清样本, 每个稀释度重复检测5次, 连续检测3天。
稳定性  将X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清稀释8和16倍后, 反复在-80 ℃冻融5次, 每个稀释度检测2次, 应用统计学软件SPSS 23中Kruskal-Wallis H检验评估阳性参考血清冻融前后的结果差异。
不同省份5岁以下健康人群中X群Nm杀菌抗体水平分析  应用X群Nm杀菌抗体检测方法对来自河南、江苏、安徽和山西省的508份5岁以下健康人群血清进行杀菌抗体水平检测。研究人群分为0~11月龄、12~23月龄及2~5岁3个年龄组别, 应用统计学软件SPSS 23中Kruskal-Wallis H检验评估不同地区和不同年龄组杀菌抗体几何平均滴度(geometric mean titer, GMT), 以P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。
结果显示, 在所建立方法中仅X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清可呈现明显的杀菌反应, 而A群、C群、Y群和W135群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清对X群Nm均不杀菌, 杀菌抗体滴度均小于2, 表明所建立检测方法特异性良好。
同一实验人员将X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清稀释4、8和16倍, 杀菌抗体滴度分别为512、256和128, 表明检测方法的批内精密度良好。
将X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌参考血清稀释8和16倍后连续检测3天, 杀菌抗体滴度分别为256和128, 表明检测方法的批间精密度良好。
结果显示, 8倍稀释的样本10次检测结果中血清杀菌抗体滴度仅有一次为128, 其余均为256, 而16倍稀释的样本血清杀菌抗体滴度均为128。应用统计学软件SPSS 23中Kruskal-Wallis H检验, 8和16倍稀释的样本杀菌抗体滴度均无显著性差异(H = 4.000, P = 0.406和H = 0, P = 1), 表明阳性质控血清冻融稳定性良好。
本研究对来自河南、江苏、安徽和山西省的508份5岁以下健康人群血清进行分析, 结果显示, 95.7%的样本X群Nm杀菌抗体滴度低于8, 仅4.3%样本≥8, 其中最高为64, 仅3例。全部样本X群杀菌抗体GMT为2.20, 应用统计学软件SPSS 23中Kruskal-Wallis H检验评估不同地区人群血清X群杀菌抗体GMT无统计学意义(H = 6.688, P = 0.083, 表1)。
进一步按照年龄分析, 0~11月龄、12~23月龄和2~5岁3个年龄组杀菌抗体GMT为2.04~2.27, 应用统计学软件SPSS 23中Kruskal-Wallis H检验评估不同年龄组X群杀菌抗体GMT无统计学意义(H = 4.756, P = 0.093, 表2)。进一步分析X群Nm杀菌抗体滴度≥8在0~11月龄、12~23月龄和2~5岁3个年龄组中比率分别为6.37%、3.92%和0.49% (图1)。
在脑膜炎球菌疫苗研发过程中, 无论是临床前研究还是临床试验阶段, 血清杀菌抗体测定法(SBA) 均为评估疫苗有效性的核心方法[11]。由于不同实验室间操作流程及质控标准的差异, 建立标准化的SBA检测体系对于抗体评价的准确性和可比性至关重要。本研究基于多年进行A、C、W和Y群Nm杀菌抗体检测和评价工作积累, 通过优化各项试验条件和参数, 成功建立了X群流脑杀菌抗体检测方法。为后续大规模人群血清学调查及X群疫苗免疫原性评价奠定了技术基础。
应用该方法检测来自河南、江苏、安徽和山西省的508份5岁以下健康儿童血清样本, 结果表明我国不同地区X群杀菌抗体GMT较低, 且抗体GMT随年龄增长呈下降趋势。已有研究表明, 婴儿在6个月内抗体水平随年龄下降[12], 0~11月龄较高的抗体水平可能源于母传抗体的短暂保护, 而自然感染或疫苗接种诱导的主动免疫在非流行区长期缺位[13], 提示中国儿童缺乏X群Nm的自然暴露刺激, 导致1~5岁儿童成为免疫空白人群。结合近年来非洲X群Nm暴发的警示, 我国需警惕类似公共卫生威胁, 积极研制X群脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌相关疫苗以抵抗可能的感染。

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2025年第60卷第7期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0339
  • 接收时间:2025-03-28
  • 首发时间:2026-09-20
  • 出版时间:2025-07-12
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-28
  • 修回日期:2025-06-12
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    中国食品药品检定研究院, 药品监管科学全国重点实验室, 卫健委生物技术产业检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 北京 102629

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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