Article(id=1308467928874115374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308467818098357056, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1741104000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-05, revisedDate=1749571200000, revisedDateStr=2025-06-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789892664401, onlineDateStr=2026-09-20, pubDate=1762876800000, pubDateStr=2025-11-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789892664401, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789892664401, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789892664401, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308467818098357056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='11', pageStart='3263', pageEnd='3544', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1762876800000', pubDateStr='2025-11-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789892637990, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789893243047, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308470355954262098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308467818098357056, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308470355954262099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308467818098357056, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3418, endPage=3425, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308467930727997746, articleId=1308467928874115374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Pathological comparison of NAFLD mouse models induced by high-fat methionine- and choline-deficient diet and high-fat diet, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease closely associated with metabolic syndrome, and its animal models are essential for investigating the pathological mechanisms and disease progression of NAFLD. Currently, the most commonly used NAFLD animal models include the high-fat, methionine- and choline-deficient diet (HFMCD) and the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse models. In this study, we compared NAFLD mouse models established by an 8-week HFMCD diet and a 12-week HFD, systematically evaluating differences in liver weight, histological alterations, lipid metabolism, and inflammation-related gene expression. The experimental results showed that, compared with the normal chow diet (NCD) group, mice in the HFMCD group exhibited significant reductions in body weight and blood glucose levels, whereas those in the HFD group exhibited significant increases. Both dietary models led to an increase in liver weight; however, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed more severe liver damage in the HFMCD group. Oil red O staining indicated a significantly greater degree of hepatic lipid accumulation in the HFMCD group than in the HFD group. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis demonstrated that, compared with the NCD group, both the HFMCD and HFD groups exhibited significantly elevated hepatic expression of inflammatory cytokines. Sirius red staining demonstrated pronounced hepatic fibrosis in the HFMCD group, accompanied by a significant upregulation of genes associated with collagen synthesis, whereas the HFD group exhibited no evident fibrotic alterations. F4/80 immunohistochemical staining showed increased hepatic macrophage infiltration in both models, with a significantly higher number of F4/80-positive macrophages in the HFMCD group than in the HFD group. In conclusion, the HFMCD and HFD-induced NAFLD models exhibit distinct pathological characteristics and molecular mechanisms. The HFMCD model is more suitable for studying the progression of NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), whereas the HFD model is more appropriate for investigating the metabolic mechanisms of simple steatosis. This study provides experimental evidence for NAFLD research and offers guidance for selecting appropriate animal models based on specific research objectives. All experimental animals used in this study were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Nanjing University and were handled in strict accordance with the guidelines and recommendations provided by the Nanjing University's Animal Ethics Committee.

, authors=Yuan-hao TAN1, Hong-qin ZHUANG1, *, Zi-chun HUA1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=Yuan-hao TAN, Hong-qin ZHUANG, Zi-chun HUA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hong-qin ZHUANG, Zi-chun HUA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308467932716097853, articleId=1308467928874115374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饮食与高脂饮食诱导NAFLD小鼠模型的病理比较, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD) 是一种与代谢综合征密切相关的慢性肝病, 其动物模型对于研究NAFLD的病理机制和疾病进展至关重要。目前, 常用的NAFLD动物模型主要包括高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饮食(HFMCD) 和高脂饮食(HFD) 诱导的小鼠模型。本研究通过对HFMCD造模8周与HFD造模12周的NAFLD小鼠模型进行比较, 系统评估两种模型在肝脏重量、组织学变化及脂质代谢和炎症相关基因表达方面的差异。实验结果表明, 与正常饮食(NCD) 组相比, HFMCD造模的小鼠体重和血糖显著降低, 而HFD造模的小鼠体重和血糖显著升高。两种造模方式均导致肝重增加, 但H&E染色显示HFMCD组肝损伤更严重, 油红O染色提示HFMCD组小鼠的脂质堆积程度显著高于HFD组。qPCR分析表明, 与NCD组相比, HFMCD组和HFD组小鼠的肝脏炎症因子表达均显著升高。天狼星红染色显示, HFMCD组小鼠肝脏出现明显纤维化, 胶原合成相关基因表达显著升高, 而HFD组小鼠肝脏未见明显纤维化。F4/80免疫组化分析显示, 两种造模方式均可导致肝脏巨噬细胞浸润程度增加, 但HFMCD组肝脏F4/80标记的巨噬细胞数量显著高于HFD组。综上, HFMCD和HFD饮食诱导的NAFLD模型在病理特征和分子机制上存在显著差异, HFMCD模型更适用于研究NAFLD向NASH的进展, 而HFD模型更适用于研究单纯性脂肪肝的代谢机制。本研究为NAFLD研究提供了实验依据, 并为不同研究需求选择合适的动物模型提供了指导。本研究涉及的实验动物均受南京大学动物保护与使用委员会批准, 并严格按照南京大学动物保护委员会的指导方针和建议进行。

, authors=谭元昊1, 庄红芹1, *, 华子春1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=谭元昊, 庄红芹, 华子春, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=庄红芹, 华子春, authorNote=

作者贡献:

谭元昊负责实验研究、论文撰写及修改; 华子春和庄红芹是本文的通讯作者; 华子春是课题的设计者, 提供研究经费、把关论文的写作和定稿; 庄红芹负责实验设计及把关, 参与稿件修改等工作。

, correspAuthorsNote=
庄红芹, E-mail:
华子春, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2025, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=x+UUDShipPNO3TYoNFaCZg==, magXml=m4c9ggmd9mnAUPySjkbvwA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=n8diEMyBq81qjhZN1thJCA==, pdfFileSize=3586281, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Woda5VVxRF4YSEYSh/DnyA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=bPWwzBAjoQSLH1wWkSl81g==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1308499708394438769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308499708482519156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499708394438769, language=EN, stringName=Yuan-hao TAN, firstName=Yuan-hao, middleName=null, lastName=TAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308499708818063477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499708394438769, language=CN, stringName=谭元昊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308499708012757095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708021145704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708037922921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023)])]), Author(id=1308499708897755255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zchua@nju.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308499710885855354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499708897755255, language=EN, stringName=Hong-qin ZHUANG, firstName=Hong-qin, middleName=null, lastName=ZHUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308499710965547131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499708897755255, language=CN, stringName=庄红芹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308499708012757095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708021145704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708037922921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023)])]), Author(id=1308499711036850301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=hqzhuang@nju.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308499711187845249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499711036850301, language=EN, stringName=Zi-chun HUA, firstName=Zi-chun, middleName=null, lastName=HUA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, *, address=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
2Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute/Jiangsu Target Biopharma Research Co., Ltd., Changzhou Nanjing University High-Tech Research Institute, Changzhou 213164, China
3Nanjing Jiruikang Biotechnology Research Institute, Nanjing 210044, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308499711254954114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499711036850301, language=CN, stringName=华子春, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, *, address=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023
2江苏省产业技术研究院医药生物技术研究所/江苏靶标生物医药研究所有限公司, 常州南京大学高新技术研究院, 江苏 常州 213164
3南京吉芮康生物科技研究院, 江苏 南京 210044, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308499708012757095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708021145704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708037922921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308499708130197610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708138586219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708130197610, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute/Jiangsu Target Biopharma Research Co., Ltd., Changzhou Nanjing University High-Tech Research Institute, Changzhou 213164, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708146974828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708130197610, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2江苏省产业技术研究院医药生物技术研究所/江苏靶标生物医药研究所有限公司, 常州南京大学高新技术研究院, 江苏 常州 213164)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308499708209889389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708218277998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708209889389, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Nanjing Jiruikang Biotechnology Research Institute, Nanjing 210044, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708323135599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708209889389, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3南京吉芮康生物科技研究院, 江苏 南京 210044)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1308499711397560451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=nonalcoholic fatty liver disease), Keyword(id=1308499711464669316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=high-fat methionine-choline deficient diet), Keyword(id=1308499711535972485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=high-fat diet), Keyword(id=1308499711619858566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=inflammation), Keyword(id=1308499711678578823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=liver fibrosis), Keyword(id=1308499711737299080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=非酒精性脂肪性肝病), Keyword(id=1308499711808602249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饮食), Keyword(id=1308499711867322506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=高脂饮食), Keyword(id=1308499711934431371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=炎症), Keyword(id=1308499712005734540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=肝纤维化)], refs=[Reference(id=1308499713196916889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Younossi Z, Anstee QM, Marietti M, et al. Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention [J]. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2018, 15: 11-20., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499713280802970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Estes C, Anstee QM, Arias-Loste MT, et al. Modeling NAFLD disease burden in China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States for the period 2016-2030 [J]. J Hepatol, 2018, 69: 896-904., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499713352106139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu CH, Hou SC, Li PP. Clinical research progress on drugs for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis treatment [J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2023, 58: 3528-3538., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499713427603612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Aron-Wisnewsky J, Vigliotti C, Witjes J, et al. Gut microbiota and human NAFLD: disentangling microbial signatures from metabolic disorders [J]. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020, 17: 279-297., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499713494712477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Krenkel O, Puengel T, Govaere O, et al. Therapeutic inhibition of inflammatory monocyte recruitment reduces steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis [J]. Hepatology, 2018, 67: 1270-1283., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499713553432734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Targher G, Byrne CD, Tilg H. MASLD: a systemic metabolic disorder with cardiovascular and malignant complications [J]. Gut, 2024, 73: 691-702., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499713624735903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zheng Q, Zhu M, Zeng X, et al. Comparison of animal models for the study of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [J]. Lab Invest, 2023, 103: 100129., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499713691844768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lau JK, Zhang X, Yu J. Animal models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: current perspectives and recent advances [J]. J Pathol, 2017, 241: 36-44., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499715356983457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rinella ME, Elias MS, Smolak RR, et al. Mechanisms of hepatic steatosis in mice fed a lipogenic methionine choline-deficient diet [J]. J Lipid Res, 2008, 49: 1068-1076., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499715457646754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tsuchida T, Lee YA, Fujiwara N, et al. A simple diet- and chemical-induced murine NASH model with rapid progression of steatohepatitis, fibrosis and liver cancer [J]. J Hepatol, 2018, 69: 385-395., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499715545727139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rinella ME, Green RM. The methionine-choline deficient dietary model of steatohepatitis does not exhibit insulin resistance [J]. J Hepatol, 2004, 40: 47-51., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499715621224612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Corbin KD, Zeisel SH. Choline metabolism provides novel insights into nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its progression [J]. Curr Opin Gastroenterol, 2012, 28: 159-165., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499715696722085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fabbrini E, Sullivan S, Klein S. Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: biochemical, metabolic, and clinical implications [J]. Hepatology, 2010, 51: 679-689., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499715755442342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Turner N, Kowalski GM, Leslie SJ, et al. Distinct patterns of tissue-specific lipid accumulation during the induction of insulin resistance in mice by high-fat feeding [J]. Diabetologia, 2013, 56: 1638-1648., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499715826745511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Krenkel O, Tacke F. Liver macrophages in tissue homeostasis and disease [J]. Nat Rev Immunol, 2017, 17: 306-321., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499715881271464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Seki E, Brenner DA, Karin M. Toll-like receptors and adaptor molecules in liver disease: update [J]. Hepatology, 2008, 48: 322-335., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499715948380329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Friedman SL, Sheppard D, Duffield JS, et al. Therapy for fibrotic diseases: nearing the starting line [J]. Sci Transl Med, 2013, 5: 167sr1., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499716011294890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Matsumoto M, Hada N, Sakamaki Y, et al. An improved mouse model that rapidly develops fibrosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [J]. Int J Exp Pathol, 2013, 94: 93-103., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499716074209451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Flessa CM, Nasiri-Ansari N, Kyrou I, et al. Genetic and diet-induced animal models for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) research [J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2022, 23: 15791., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499716137124012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hakim S, Jain A, Adamson SS, et al. Macrophages protect against sensory axon loss in peripheral neuropathy [J]. Nature, 2025, 640: 212-220., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499716195844269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sanches SC, Ramalho LN, Augusto MJ, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a search for factual animal models [J]. Biomed Res Int, 2015, 2015: 574832., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308499708012757095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708021145704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708037922921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308499708130197610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708138586219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708130197610, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute/Jiangsu Target Biopharma Research Co., Ltd., Changzhou Nanjing University High-Tech Research Institute, Changzhou 213164, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708146974828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708130197610, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2江苏省产业技术研究院医药生物技术研究所/江苏靶标生物医药研究所有限公司, 常州南京大学高新技术研究院, 江苏 常州 213164)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308499708209889389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708218277998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708209889389, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Nanjing Jiruikang Biotechnology Research Institute, Nanjing 210044, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708323135599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708209889389, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3南京吉芮康生物科技研究院, 江苏 南京 210044)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1308499712194478221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=0inAM72INXvSFGstD/p1cg==, figureFileBig=k/kSWuZaZjjIlSiiog0GDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308499712274169998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, label=Fig.1, caption=Changes in body weight, blood glucose, and liver weight in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mice induced by the high-fat, methionine- and choline-deficient (HFMCD) diet and the high-fat diet (HFD). A-C: Changes in body weight (A), blood glucose levels (B), and liver weight (C) of mice after 8 weeks of HFMCD induction; D-F: Changes in body weight (D), blood glucose levels (E), and liver weight (F) of mice after 12 weeks of HFD induction; G: Representative liver morphology images from HFMCD and control groups after 8 weeks, as well as HFD and control groups after 12 weeks. n = 6, x ± s. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.000 1 vs NCD group, figureFileSmall=0inAM72INXvSFGstD/p1cg==, figureFileBig=k/kSWuZaZjjIlSiiog0GDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308499712387416207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=AzP8/HVjyfY3srtvLiyWlg==, figureFileBig=oGKnaN75w5xnikpzco78sA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308499712488079504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, label=Fig.2, caption=Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E, A) and oil red O (ORO, B) staining analysis of liver tissues in NAFLD mice induced by HFMCD (8 weeks) and HFD (12 weeks). Magnification 20×. Scale bar: 50 μm, figureFileSmall=AzP8/HVjyfY3srtvLiyWlg==, figureFileBig=oGKnaN75w5xnikpzco78sA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308499712580354193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=fbgeOV79VgJIWiJZVZ6/rA==, figureFileBig=g1XPLKLPfvfYaqgHd/o5Ng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308499712660045970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, label=Fig.3, caption=mRNA expression levels of hepatic inflammatory cytokines in NAFLD mice induced by HFMCD and HFD. A: qPCR analysis of inflammatory gene expression (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the liver of mice after 8 weeks of HFMCD induction; B: qPCR analysis of inflammatory gene expression (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the liver of mice after 12 weeks of HCD induction. n = 3, x ± s. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.000 1 vs NCD group, figureFileSmall=fbgeOV79VgJIWiJZVZ6/rA==, figureFileBig=g1XPLKLPfvfYaqgHd/o5Ng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308499712718766227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=FpK4uO4YOPHUd5k8kMxCvQ==, figureFileBig=SvAuwS3+3VBEm8edZHbsOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308499712777486484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, label=Fig.4, caption=Sirius red staining and F4/80 immunohistochemical analysis of liver tissues in NAFLD mice induced by HFMCD and HFD. A: Sirius red staining of liver sections from the HFMCD model (8 weeks) and its control group, as well as the HFD model (12 weeks) and its control group; B: qPCR analysis of fibrosis-related gene expression (α-SMA, COL1A1, COL1A2, and COL3A1) in the liver of mice after 8 weeks of HFMCD induction; C: qPCR analysis of fibrosis-related gene expression (α-SMA, COL1A1, COL1A2, and COL3A1) in the liver of mice after 12 weeks of HFD induction. n = 3, x ± s. D: F4/80 immunohistochemical staining of liver sections from the HFMCD model (8 weeks) and its control group, as well as the HFD model (12 weeks) and its control group. Magnification: ×20. Scale bar: 50 μm, figureFileSmall=FpK4uO4YOPHUd5k8kMxCvQ==, figureFileBig=SvAuwS3+3VBEm8edZHbsOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308499712840401045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GeneSequence (5'-3')
β-actinF: CCACCATGTACCCAGGCATT;
R: AGGGTGTAAAACGCAGCTCA
Tnf-αF: TGTCCCTTTCACTCACTGGC
R: CATCTTTTGGGGGAGTGCCT
Il-1βF: TGTGAATGCCACCTTTTGACA
R: GGTCAAAGGTTTGGAAGCAG
Il-6F: CCGCTATGAAGTTCCTCTC
R: GGTATCCTCTGTGAAGTCTC
α-smaF: ATGCCTCTGGACGTACAACTG
R: CACACCATCTCCAGAGTCCA
Col1a1F: CCACGCATGAGCCGAAGCTAACCCC
R: CTTCCCCATCATCTCCATTCTT
Col1a2F: CTGGAACAAATGGGCTCACTG
R: CAGGCTCACCAACAAGTCCTC
Col3a1F: AAACAGCAAATTCACTTACAC
R: ACCCCCAATGTCATAGG
), ArticleFig(id=1308499712903315606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, label=Tab.1, caption=

The primer sequence of real-time PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GeneSequence (5'-3')
β-actinF: CCACCATGTACCCAGGCATT;
R: AGGGTGTAAAACGCAGCTCA
Tnf-αF: TGTCCCTTTCACTCACTGGC
R: CATCTTTTGGGGGAGTGCCT
Il-1βF: TGTGAATGCCACCTTTTGACA
R: GGTCAAAGGTTTGGAAGCAG
Il-6F: CCGCTATGAAGTTCCTCTC
R: GGTATCCTCTGTGAAGTCTC
α-smaF: ATGCCTCTGGACGTACAACTG
R: CACACCATCTCCAGAGTCCA
Col1a1F: CCACGCATGAGCCGAAGCTAACCCC
R: CTTCCCCATCATCTCCATTCTT
Col1a2F: CTGGAACAAATGGGCTCACTG
R: CAGGCTCACCAACAAGTCCTC
Col3a1F: AAACAGCAAATTCACTTACAC
R: ACCCCCAATGTCATAGG
), ArticleFig(id=1308499712970424471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
IndicatorHFMCD (8 weeks)HFD (12 weeks)
Body weightSignificantly decreasedSignificantly increased
Blood glucoseSignificantly decreasedSignificantly increased
Liver weightSignificantly increasedSignificantly increased
Liver appearanceSevere steatosis, soft textureObvious steatosis, less severe than HFMCD
H&E stainingLarger vacuoles, more inflammatory foci, severe damageSmaller vacuoles, fewer inflammatory foci
Oil red O stainingLarger and more numerous lipid droplets, severe accumulationSmaller and fewer lipid droplets, mild accumulation
Inflammatory cytokine mRNA expressionSignificantly increasedSignificantly increased
Sirius red stainingSignificant liver fibrosisNo significant fibrosis
F4/80 immunohistochemistrySignificant macrophage infiltration, more severe inflammationIncreased macrophage infiltration, but less severe than HFMCD
), ArticleFig(id=1308499713050116248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, language=CN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of NAFLD mouse models induced by HFMCD and HFD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
IndicatorHFMCD (8 weeks)HFD (12 weeks)
Body weightSignificantly decreasedSignificantly increased
Blood glucoseSignificantly decreasedSignificantly increased
Liver weightSignificantly increasedSignificantly increased
Liver appearanceSevere steatosis, soft textureObvious steatosis, less severe than HFMCD
H&E stainingLarger vacuoles, more inflammatory foci, severe damageSmaller vacuoles, fewer inflammatory foci
Oil red O stainingLarger and more numerous lipid droplets, severe accumulationSmaller and fewer lipid droplets, mild accumulation
Inflammatory cytokine mRNA expressionSignificantly increasedSignificantly increased
Sirius red stainingSignificant liver fibrosisNo significant fibrosis
F4/80 immunohistochemistrySignificant macrophage infiltration, more severe inflammationIncreased macrophage infiltration, but less severe than HFMCD
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1189982048455397383, delFlag=0, nameCn=药学学报, nameEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0513-4870, eissn=null, cn=11-2163/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1761643429151, updatedTime=1788948913902, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=Y, firstLetterEn=Y, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, picEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304509553505227679, language=CN, name=药学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=中国科学技术协会, sponsoredBy=中国药学会、中国医学科学院药物研究所, publishedBy=《药学学报》编辑委员会编辑出版, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788948914171, updatedTime=1788948914171, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304509553559753632, language=EN, name=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788948914184, updatedTime=1788948914184, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189982191388893191, websiteList=[Website(id=1189982271588340489, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761643482348, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643498101, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=药学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982873114448678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643625763, updateTime=1761643625763, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873093477155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643625758, updateTime=1761643625758, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873135420201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625768, updateTime=1761643625768, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873085088546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643625756, updateTime=1761643625756, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873152197419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625772, updateTime=1761643625772, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873110254373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761643625762, updateTime=1761643625762, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873143808810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625770, updateTime=1761643625770, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873101865764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761643625760, updateTime=1761643625760, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873122837287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643625765, updateTime=1761643625765, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873127031592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643625766, updateTime=1761643625766, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189982271655449355, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761643482364, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643514085, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982903015633534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643632892, updateTime=1761643632892, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902990467707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643632886, updateTime=1761643632886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903036605057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632897, updateTime=1761643632897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902982079098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643632884, updateTime=1761643632884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903053382275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632901, updateTime=1761643632901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903007244925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761643632890, updateTime=1761643632890, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903044993666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632899, updateTime=1761643632899, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902998856316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761643632888, updateTime=1761643632888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903019827839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643632893, updateTime=1761643632893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903028216448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643632895, updateTime=1761643632895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=药学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPhotoEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, journalFirstLetter=Y, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1762876800000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饮食与高脂饮食诱导NAFLD小鼠模型的病理比较
收藏切换
PDF下载
谭元昊 1 , 庄红芹 1, * , 华子春 1, 2, 3, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(11): 3418-3425
收起
收藏切换
药学学报 |研究论文 2025 , 60 (11) : 3418 -3425
高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饮食与高脂饮食诱导NAFLD小鼠模型的病理比较
全屏
[Author(id=1308499708394438769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308499708482519156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499708394438769, language=EN, stringName=Yuan-hao TAN, firstName=Yuan-hao, middleName=null, lastName=TAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308499708818063477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499708394438769, language=CN, stringName=谭元昊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308499708012757095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708021145704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708037922921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023)])]), Author(id=1308499708897755255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zchua@nju.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308499710885855354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499708897755255, language=EN, stringName=Hong-qin ZHUANG, firstName=Hong-qin, middleName=null, lastName=ZHUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308499710965547131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499708897755255, language=CN, stringName=庄红芹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308499708012757095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708021145704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708037922921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023)])]), Author(id=1308499711036850301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=hqzhuang@nju.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1308499711187845249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499711036850301, language=EN, stringName=Zi-chun HUA, firstName=Zi-chun, middleName=null, lastName=HUA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, *, address=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
2Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute/Jiangsu Target Biopharma Research Co., Ltd., Changzhou Nanjing University High-Tech Research Institute, Changzhou 213164, China
3Nanjing Jiruikang Biotechnology Research Institute, Nanjing 210044, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1308499711254954114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, authorId=1308499711036850301, language=CN, stringName=华子春, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, *, address=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023
2江苏省产业技术研究院医药生物技术研究所/江苏靶标生物医药研究所有限公司, 常州南京大学高新技术研究院, 江苏 常州 213164
3南京吉芮康生物科技研究院, 江苏 南京 210044, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308499708012757095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708021145704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708037922921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708012757095, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308499708130197610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708138586219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708130197610, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute/Jiangsu Target Biopharma Research Co., Ltd., Changzhou Nanjing University High-Tech Research Institute, Changzhou 213164, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708146974828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708130197610, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2江苏省产业技术研究院医药生物技术研究所/江苏靶标生物医药研究所有限公司, 常州南京大学高新技术研究院, 江苏 常州 213164)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308499708209889389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708218277998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708209889389, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Nanjing Jiruikang Biotechnology Research Institute, Nanjing 210044, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308499708323135599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467928874115374, companyId=1308499708209889389, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3南京吉芮康生物科技研究院, 江苏 南京 210044)])])]
谭元昊1, 庄红芹1, * , 华子春1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023
  • 2江苏省产业技术研究院医药生物技术研究所/江苏靶标生物医药研究所有限公司, 常州南京大学高新技术研究院, 江苏 常州 213164
  • 3南京吉芮康生物科技研究院, 江苏 南京 210044
通讯作者:
庄红芹, E-mail:
华子春, E-mail:
作者简介:

作者贡献:

谭元昊负责实验研究、论文撰写及修改; 华子春和庄红芹是本文的通讯作者; 华子春是课题的设计者, 提供研究经费、把关论文的写作和定稿; 庄红芹负责实验设计及把关, 参与稿件修改等工作。

Pathological comparison of NAFLD mouse models induced by high-fat methionine- and choline-deficient diet and high-fat diet
Yuan-hao TAN1, Hong-qin ZHUANG1, * , Zi-chun HUA1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
  • 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute/Jiangsu Target Biopharma Research Co., Ltd., Changzhou Nanjing University High-Tech Research Institute, Changzhou 213164, China
  • 3Nanjing Jiruikang Biotechnology Research Institute, Nanjing 210044, China
出版时间: 2025-11-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239
文章导航
收藏切换

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD) 是一种与代谢综合征密切相关的慢性肝病, 其动物模型对于研究NAFLD的病理机制和疾病进展至关重要。目前, 常用的NAFLD动物模型主要包括高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饮食(HFMCD) 和高脂饮食(HFD) 诱导的小鼠模型。本研究通过对HFMCD造模8周与HFD造模12周的NAFLD小鼠模型进行比较, 系统评估两种模型在肝脏重量、组织学变化及脂质代谢和炎症相关基因表达方面的差异。实验结果表明, 与正常饮食(NCD) 组相比, HFMCD造模的小鼠体重和血糖显著降低, 而HFD造模的小鼠体重和血糖显著升高。两种造模方式均导致肝重增加, 但H&E染色显示HFMCD组肝损伤更严重, 油红O染色提示HFMCD组小鼠的脂质堆积程度显著高于HFD组。qPCR分析表明, 与NCD组相比, HFMCD组和HFD组小鼠的肝脏炎症因子表达均显著升高。天狼星红染色显示, HFMCD组小鼠肝脏出现明显纤维化, 胶原合成相关基因表达显著升高, 而HFD组小鼠肝脏未见明显纤维化。F4/80免疫组化分析显示, 两种造模方式均可导致肝脏巨噬细胞浸润程度增加, 但HFMCD组肝脏F4/80标记的巨噬细胞数量显著高于HFD组。综上, HFMCD和HFD饮食诱导的NAFLD模型在病理特征和分子机制上存在显著差异, HFMCD模型更适用于研究NAFLD向NASH的进展, 而HFD模型更适用于研究单纯性脂肪肝的代谢机制。本研究为NAFLD研究提供了实验依据, 并为不同研究需求选择合适的动物模型提供了指导。本研究涉及的实验动物均受南京大学动物保护与使用委员会批准, 并严格按照南京大学动物保护委员会的指导方针和建议进行。

非酒精性脂肪性肝病  /  高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饮食  /  高脂饮食  /  炎症  /  肝纤维化

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease closely associated with metabolic syndrome, and its animal models are essential for investigating the pathological mechanisms and disease progression of NAFLD. Currently, the most commonly used NAFLD animal models include the high-fat, methionine- and choline-deficient diet (HFMCD) and the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse models. In this study, we compared NAFLD mouse models established by an 8-week HFMCD diet and a 12-week HFD, systematically evaluating differences in liver weight, histological alterations, lipid metabolism, and inflammation-related gene expression. The experimental results showed that, compared with the normal chow diet (NCD) group, mice in the HFMCD group exhibited significant reductions in body weight and blood glucose levels, whereas those in the HFD group exhibited significant increases. Both dietary models led to an increase in liver weight; however, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed more severe liver damage in the HFMCD group. Oil red O staining indicated a significantly greater degree of hepatic lipid accumulation in the HFMCD group than in the HFD group. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis demonstrated that, compared with the NCD group, both the HFMCD and HFD groups exhibited significantly elevated hepatic expression of inflammatory cytokines. Sirius red staining demonstrated pronounced hepatic fibrosis in the HFMCD group, accompanied by a significant upregulation of genes associated with collagen synthesis, whereas the HFD group exhibited no evident fibrotic alterations. F4/80 immunohistochemical staining showed increased hepatic macrophage infiltration in both models, with a significantly higher number of F4/80-positive macrophages in the HFMCD group than in the HFD group. In conclusion, the HFMCD and HFD-induced NAFLD models exhibit distinct pathological characteristics and molecular mechanisms. The HFMCD model is more suitable for studying the progression of NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), whereas the HFD model is more appropriate for investigating the metabolic mechanisms of simple steatosis. This study provides experimental evidence for NAFLD research and offers guidance for selecting appropriate animal models based on specific research objectives. All experimental animals used in this study were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Nanjing University and were handled in strict accordance with the guidelines and recommendations provided by the Nanjing University's Animal Ethics Committee.

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease  /  high-fat methionine-choline deficient diet  /  high-fat diet  /  inflammation  /  liver fibrosis
谭元昊, 庄红芹, 华子春. 高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饮食与高脂饮食诱导NAFLD小鼠模型的病理比较. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (11) : 3418 -3425 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239
Yuan-hao TAN, Hong-qin ZHUANG, Zi-chun HUA. Pathological comparison of NAFLD mouse models induced by high-fat methionine- and choline-deficient diet and high-fat diet[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (11) : 3418 -3425 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD) 是一种与代谢综合征密切相关的慢性肝病, 其发病率在全球范围内持续上升, 已成为导致肝硬化和肝细胞癌的重要原因之一[1]。据统计, 全球NAFLD的患病率已超过25%, 且随着肥胖和2型糖尿病等代谢性疾病的流行, 其发病率仍在不断攀升[1, 2]。目前, 针对该疾病的在研药物在临床试验中表现出不同程度的不良反应。此外, 截至目前, 美国食品和药物管理局(FDA) 尚未正式批准任何用于非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH) 治疗的药物, 临床仍缺乏有效的预防与干预手段[3]。近年来, 研究发现肠道微生物群在NAFLD的发病机制中扮演重要角色, 其通过调节脂质代谢和炎症反应影响疾病进展[4]。此外, 巨噬细胞极化在NAFLD的炎症和纤维化过程中也起到关键作用[5]。因此, 建立合适的动物模型对于深入研究NAFLD的发病机制、疾病进展及药物筛选具有重要意义。值得注意的是, 近年来国际肝病学界已将“NAFLD”更新为“代谢障碍相关脂肪变性肝病(MASLD)”, 以更精准地反映其与代谢紊乱之间的因果联系[6]。然而, 鉴于本研究中所采用的高脂缺乏胆碱氨基酸饮食模型并不完全符合MASLD的诊断特征, 如缺乏明显的胰岛素抵抗、肥胖等代谢综合征表现, 故本文仍沿用“NAFLD”作为术语表述, 以更准确地对应实验模型及其相关机制研究。
目前, 在NAFLD的实验研究中, 常用的动物模型主要包括高脂饮食(HFD) 模型和高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饮食(HFMCD) 模型。HFD模型通过给予动物高脂饮食, 模拟人类因高脂饮食和能量过剩导致的脂肪肝, 其特点是动物体重增加、胰岛素抵抗和肝脏脂肪变性, 但通常不出现明显的肝纤维化[7]。HFD模型能够较好地模拟人类NAFLD的代谢特征, 如肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和轻度炎症, 但其诱导纤维化的能力较弱, 且需要较长的造模时间[8]。相比之下, HFMCD模型通过在高脂饮食中去除胆碱和蛋氨酸, 导致肝脏脂质代谢紊乱和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL) 分泌障碍, 从而快速诱导肝脂肪变性、炎症和纤维化[9]。然而, HFMCD模型的小鼠体重通常下降, 且不伴随胰岛素抵抗, 这与人类NAFLD患者的代谢特征不完全一致[9]。
尽管这两种模型在NAFLD研究中被广泛应用, 但它们在模拟人类NAFLD方面各有局限性。HFD模型更接近人类代谢综合征的特征, 但其病变进展较慢, 难以在短时间内诱导严重的肝脏病变[10]。而HFMCD模型虽然能在较短时间内诱导严重的脂肪变性、炎症和纤维化, 但其缺乏体重增加和胰岛素抵抗等代谢特征, 限制了其在代谢综合征相关研究中的应用[11]。因此, 选择合适的动物模型应根据研究目的和关注的病理特征进行权衡。本研究旨在比较HFMCD与HFD饮食诱导的NAFLD小鼠模型在肝脏重量、组织学变化及脂质代谢和炎症相关基因表达方面的差异。通过系统评估两种模型的病理特征, 本研究希望能够为NAFLD研究提供实验依据, 并为不同研究需求选择合适的动物模型提供指导。
实验动物    雄性C57BL/6小鼠(6~8周龄) 24只, 体重(18.84 ± 1.29) g, 购自南京大学模式动物研究所[江苏集萃药康生物科技股份有限公司, 合格证号: SCXK (苏) 2023-0009]。实验前在特定无病原体(SPF) 条件下饲养8周(HFMCD组及其对照组) 或12周(HFD组及其对照组)。本研究涉及的实验动物均受南京大学动物保护与使用委员会批准, 并严格按照南京大学动物保护委员会的指导方针和建议进行。
实验材料    高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饲料、高脂肪饲料、辐照实验鼠生长繁殖饲料(江苏省协同医药生物工程有限责任公司); 血糖检测仪、血糖检测试纸(江苏鱼跃医疗设备股份有限公司); Trizol、AceQ® qPCR SYBR® Green Master Mix (南京诺唯赞生物科技有限公司); 氯仿、异丙醇、无水乙醇(南京化学试剂股份有限公司); RNase free离心管、枪头(Corning公司); 逆转录试剂盒(TOYOBO公司); 实时荧光定量PCR仪(Applied Biosystems公司)。
非酒精性脂肪肝病小鼠模型的建立    将24只周龄为6~8周的雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为4组, 分别为HFMCD及其对照NCD组、HFD及其对照NCD组, 每组6只小鼠。HFMCD组使用高脂胆碱蛋氨酸缺乏饲料喂食8周; HFD组使用高脂肪饲料喂食12周; NCD组均使用辐照实验鼠生长繁殖饲料。各组小鼠分笼饲养在动物室(温度22~28 ℃) 中, 明暗周期为12 h (6∶00~18∶00), 实验期间, 小鼠自由饮水饮食。小鼠处死前禁食12 h, 称重后处死取肝脏。
肝脏组织切片苏木精和伊红(H&E) 染色    取各肝脏左叶部分(尽可能保证每只小鼠取材部位一致) 用4%多聚甲醛固定送至Servicebio公司石蜡包埋并制成3 μm石蜡切片, H&E染色后光镜下观察小鼠肝脏脂肪变性情况及炎症程度。
肝脏组织切片油红染色(ORO)    取各肝脏左叶部分(尽可能保证每只小鼠取材部位一致) 用4%多聚甲醛固定送至Servicebio公司石蜡包埋冰切并制成3 μm石蜡切片, ORO后光镜下观察小鼠肝脏脂肪堆积情况。
实时荧光定量PCR反应   选取3只小鼠用Trizol法提取肝脏组织总RNA, 反转录合成cDNA, 选取在肝脏稳定表达的β-actin作为内参。按照AceQ® qPCR SYBR® Green Master Mix的使用说明书进行实验操作, 检测肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin, α-SMA)、Ⅰ型胶原α1链(collagen type Ⅰ alpha 1 chain, COL1A1)、Ⅰ型胶原α2链(collagen type Ⅰ alpha 2 chain, COL1A2) 及Ⅲ型胶原α1链COL3A1 (collagen type Ⅲ alpha 1 chain) 的表达水平(表1)。
肝脏组织切片天狼星红染色    肝脏石蜡切片送至上海茹创生物科技有限公司, 天狼星红染色后光镜下观察小鼠肝脏纤维化程度。
肝脏组织切片免疫组化    肝脏石蜡切片送至上海茹创生物科技有限公司, F4/80免疫组化染色后光镜下观察小鼠肝脏巨噬细胞浸润程度。
统计学处理    采用GraphPad Prism 8.0进行统计学分析。所有实验数据均以平均值±标准差(x ± s) 表示; 采用t-test检验对两组数据间的误差学进行分析。P < 0.05表示有统计学差异。
如图1A所示, HFMCD饮食造模8周后, 小鼠体重显著降低, 实验结束时HFMCD组小鼠体重为(20.02 ± 0.35) g, 显著低于NCD组(23.98 ± 0.94) g (P < 0.000 1); 并且相对于NCD组, HFMCD组小鼠血糖显著降低(P < 0.001, 图1B), 肝脏重量显著升高(P < 0.000 1, 图1C)。如图1D所示, HFD饮食造模12周后, 小鼠体重显著增加, HFD组体重为(38.97 ± 8.07) g, 显著高于NCD小鼠体重(27.57 ± 2.59) g (P < 0.000 1), 此外, HFD组血糖显著升高(P < 0.000 1, 图1E), 肝脏重量也显著升高(P < 0.05, 图1F)。如图1G所示, 肝脏解剖学观察显示, HFMCD组与HFD组小鼠肝脏均较其对照组显著肿大, 且颜色由正常肝脏的深红褐色向黄色转变, 质地呈现油腻及松软特征。其中, HFMCD组小鼠肝脏脂肪化程度较HFD组更为显著, 表现为颜色明显变黄、质地更加松软, 提示HFMCD饮食诱导的肝脏脂质沉积及病理改变更为严重。
如图2A显示, H&E染色结果显示, 在光镜下, HFMCD组肝细胞显著肿胀, 胞浆可见大量脂肪空泡, 肝小叶炎症灶明显增多, 提示肝脏处于严重的病理状态, 相比之下, NCD组肝小叶结构清晰完整, 肝细胞排列整齐, 未见明显病理改变; HFD组也出现类似的病理特征, 但脂肪空泡体积总体较小。如图2B所示, 油红O染色结果显示, HFMCD组肝脏可见大量脂滴堆积, 而NCD组肝脏切片未见明显着色; HFD组亦呈现脂质沉积, 但其脂质堆积程度显著轻于HFMCD组。进一步证实HFMCD饮食在诱导肝脏脂肪变性方面具有更强的效应。
如图3A所示, HFMCD饮食造模8周后, 小鼠肝脏炎症相关因子(TNF-α、IL-1β及IL-6) 的mRNA表达水平较NCD组显著升高(P < 0.001, P < 0.000 1, P < 0.01)。类似地, HFD饮食造模12周后, 小鼠肝脏亦呈现炎症因子mRNA表达显著上调的趋势(P < 0.001, P < 0.000 1, P < 0.000 1, 图3B), 提示两种饮食模型均能有效诱导肝脏炎症反应。
天狼星红染色结果如图4A所示, 与NCD组相比, HFMCD组小鼠肝脏出现显著的胶原沉积, 提示明显的纤维化病理改变。然而, HFD组小鼠肝脏并未观察到显著的纤维化特征; 如图4B所示, HFMCD饮食造模8周后, 小鼠肝脏胶原合成相关基因(α-SMA、COL1A1、COL1A2及COL3A1) 的mRNA水平较NCD组显著升高(P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.000 1)。然而, HFD饮食造模12周后, 小鼠肝脏胶原合成相关基因相较于NCD组并无显著变化(图4C)。上述结果表明, HFMCD饮食在诱导肝脏纤维化方面具有更强的效应。
如图4D所示, F4/80免疫组化染色结果显示, 与NCD组相比, HFMCD组小鼠肝脏中巨噬细胞浸润显著增加, F4/80阳性细胞密度明显升高。此外, HFMCD组中可见大量活化的巨噬细胞在肝小叶炎性灶区域呈花冠状分布, 提示强烈的炎症反应。HFD组小鼠肝脏中F4/80阳性区域亦较NCD组显著增加, 但其巨噬细胞活化程度明显弱于HFMCD组, 花冠状分布现象显著减轻, 表明HFMCD饮食在诱导巨噬细胞活化和炎症反应方面具有更强的效应。
NAFLD是一种复杂的代谢性疾病, 其病理过程包括肝脏脂肪变性、炎症和纤维化。在目前国内外关于NAFLD的研究文献中, HFD仍被广泛采用作为主要的动物模型构建方法, 而HFMCD的应用则鲜少见诸报道, 因此, 对HFD与HFMCD两种饮食造模的比较研究至关重要。本研究通过HFMCD和HFD成功诱导了两种NAFLD小鼠模型, 并系统比较了两种模型在体重、血糖、肝脏病理学、炎症反应及纤维化等方面的差异。在HFMCD饮食造模8周后, 小鼠体重显著降低, 血糖水平下降, 肝重显著增加, 肝脏外观呈现明显的脂肪变性和质地松软。H&E染色和油红O染色结果显示, HFMCD组小鼠肝脏中出现大量脂肪空泡和脂滴堆积, 且炎性灶显著增多, 提示严重的脂肪变性和炎症反应。相比之下, HFD饮食造模12周后, 小鼠体重和血糖水平显著升高, 肝重增加, 肝脏脂肪变性程度较HFMCD组轻, 脂滴体积较小, 炎性灶较少。这些结果表明, HFMCD饮食在诱导肝脏脂肪变性和炎症反应方面具有更强的效应。
HFMCD饮食通过胆碱和蛋氨酸的缺乏, 干扰肝脏脂质代谢和VLDL的分泌, 导致脂质在肝细胞内大量堆积[9]。此外, 胆碱缺乏还会引起线粒体功能障碍和氧化应激, 进一步加剧肝细胞损伤和炎症反应[9]。而HFD饮食主要通过提供过量的脂质和热量, 诱导胰岛素抵抗和脂质代谢紊乱, 导致肝脏脂肪变性和轻度炎症[7]。这两种机制的不同解释了HFMCD组小鼠肝脏病理改变更为严重的原因。HFMCD组小鼠体重显著降低, 可能与胆碱和蛋氨酸缺乏导致的能量代谢障碍和蛋白质合成减少有关[9]。此外, HFMCD饮食引起的肝脏脂质代谢紊乱和线粒体功能障碍可能导致能量利用效率下降, 进一步加剧体重减轻[12]。血糖水平的降低可能与肝脏糖原合成减少和胰岛素敏感性改变有关[11]。相比之下, HFD组小鼠体重显著增加, 这与高脂饮食诱导的能量过剩和脂质蓄积直接相关[13]。HFD饮食还会导致胰岛素抵抗和血糖水平升高, 这与人类代谢综合征的特征一致[14]。因此, HFD模型更适合研究NAFLD与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗之间的关联。
本研究通过qPCR检测发现, HFMCD和HFD饮食均能显著上调肝脏炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6) 的mRNA表达。F4/80免疫组化结果显示, HFMCD组小鼠肝脏中巨噬细胞浸润和活化程度显著高于HFD组, 表现为F4/80阳性细胞密度增加和花冠状分布。巨噬细胞活化是NAFLD炎症反应的核心环节, 其通过释放促炎因子和活性氧加剧肝细胞损伤和纤维化[15, 16]。近年来, 研究发现巨噬细胞极化在NAFLD的炎症和纤维化过程中起到关键作用, M1型巨噬细胞的活化与疾病进展密切相关[15]。
天狼星红染色结果显示, HFMCD组小鼠肝脏出现显著的胶原沉积和纤维化, 并且其胶原合成相关基因(α-SMA、COL1A1、COL1A2、COL3A1) 表达相比于其对照NCD组显著升高, 而HFD组小鼠肝脏未见明显纤维化。这与HFMCD饮食诱导的强烈炎症反应和氧化应激密切相关[17, 18]。HFD饮食虽然也能诱导肝脏脂肪变性和轻度炎症, 但其纤维化程度较轻, 可能与炎症反应较弱和纤维化相关因子(如TGF-β) 表达水平较低有关[17]。
目前, HFMCD和HFD模型在NAFLD研究中各有优势。HFMCD模型能够在较短时间内诱导严重的脂肪变性、炎症和纤维化, 适用于研究NAFLD的快速进展和肝纤维化机制[9]。然而, HFMCD模型的小鼠体重减轻和血糖降低与人类NAFLD患者的代谢特征不完全一致, 限制了其在代谢综合征相关研究中的应用[11]。HFD模型则更接近人类NAFLD的代谢特征, 能够模拟肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和轻度脂肪变性, 适用于研究NAFLD与代谢综合征的关联[13]。然而, HFD模型诱导纤维化的能力较弱, 且需要较长的造模时间[8]。因此, 研究者在选择模型时应根据具体研究目的权衡两种模型的优缺点。
随着NAFLD向MASLD的术语更迭和概念更新, 研究者在动物模型的选择上也更加注重与人类代谢综合征特征的契合度[6]。近年来, 单一饮食诱导模型已逐渐难以满足对NAFLD不同阶段(如单纯性脂肪变性、NASH、早期纤维化乃至肝癌前状态) 精准模拟的需求, 模型构建呈现出多因素联合的趋势[10, 19]。如HFD模型联合高果糖饮水, 可更有效诱导胰岛素抵抗及脂肪肝炎症[20]; 此外, 基因修饰模型(如ob/ob、db/db小鼠) 也常与饮食诱导法联合使用, 以模拟严重肥胖或胰岛素抵抗背景下的NAFLD表型, 增强模型的特异性和稳定性[21]。总之, NAFLD动物模型的构建正朝着多因素、多阶段、个体化和转化医学导向发展, 在未来的研究中, 模型选择需根据研究目标进行系统评估与优化组合。HFMCD饮食饲养8周与HFD饮食饲养12周构建的小鼠NAFLD模型的对比总结详见表2。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
Younossi Z, Anstee QM, Marietti M, et al. Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention [J]. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2018, 15: 11-20.
2
Estes C, Anstee QM, Arias-Loste MT, et al. Modeling NAFLD disease burden in China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States for the period 2016-2030 [J]. J Hepatol, 2018, 69: 896-904.
3
Liu CH, Hou SC, Li PP. Clinical research progress on drugs for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis treatment [J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2023, 58: 3528-3538.
4
Aron-Wisnewsky J, Vigliotti C, Witjes J, et al. Gut microbiota and human NAFLD: disentangling microbial signatures from metabolic disorders [J]. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020, 17: 279-297.
5
Krenkel O, Puengel T, Govaere O, et al. Therapeutic inhibition of inflammatory monocyte recruitment reduces steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis [J]. Hepatology, 2018, 67: 1270-1283.
6
Targher G, Byrne CD, Tilg H. MASLD: a systemic metabolic disorder with cardiovascular and malignant complications [J]. Gut, 2024, 73: 691-702.
7
Zheng Q, Zhu M, Zeng X, et al. Comparison of animal models for the study of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [J]. Lab Invest, 2023, 103: 100129.
8
Lau JK, Zhang X, Yu J. Animal models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: current perspectives and recent advances [J]. J Pathol, 2017, 241: 36-44.
9
Rinella ME, Elias MS, Smolak RR, et al. Mechanisms of hepatic steatosis in mice fed a lipogenic methionine choline-deficient diet [J]. J Lipid Res, 2008, 49: 1068-1076.
10
Tsuchida T, Lee YA, Fujiwara N, et al. A simple diet- and chemical-induced murine NASH model with rapid progression of steatohepatitis, fibrosis and liver cancer [J]. J Hepatol, 2018, 69: 385-395.
11
Rinella ME, Green RM. The methionine-choline deficient dietary model of steatohepatitis does not exhibit insulin resistance [J]. J Hepatol, 2004, 40: 47-51.
12
Corbin KD, Zeisel SH. Choline metabolism provides novel insights into nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its progression [J]. Curr Opin Gastroenterol, 2012, 28: 159-165.
13
Fabbrini E, Sullivan S, Klein S. Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: biochemical, metabolic, and clinical implications [J]. Hepatology, 2010, 51: 679-689.
14
Turner N, Kowalski GM, Leslie SJ, et al. Distinct patterns of tissue-specific lipid accumulation during the induction of insulin resistance in mice by high-fat feeding [J]. Diabetologia, 2013, 56: 1638-1648.
15
Krenkel O, Tacke F. Liver macrophages in tissue homeostasis and disease [J]. Nat Rev Immunol, 2017, 17: 306-321.
16
Seki E, Brenner DA, Karin M. Toll-like receptors and adaptor molecules in liver disease: update [J]. Hepatology, 2008, 48: 322-335.
17
Friedman SL, Sheppard D, Duffield JS, et al. Therapy for fibrotic diseases: nearing the starting line [J]. Sci Transl Med, 2013, 5: 167sr1.
18
Matsumoto M, Hada N, Sakamaki Y, et al. An improved mouse model that rapidly develops fibrosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [J]. Int J Exp Pathol, 2013, 94: 93-103.
19
Flessa CM, Nasiri-Ansari N, Kyrou I, et al. Genetic and diet-induced animal models for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) research [J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2022, 23: 15791.
20
Hakim S, Jain A, Adamson SS, et al. Macrophages protect against sensory axon loss in peripheral neuropathy [J]. Nature, 2025, 640: 212-220.
21
Sanches SC, Ramalho LN, Augusto MJ, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a search for factual animal models [J]. Biomed Res Int, 2015, 2015: 574832.
2025年第60卷第11期
PDF下载
238
112
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239
  • 接收时间:2025-03-05
  • 首发时间:2026-09-20
  • 出版时间:2025-11-12
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05
  • 修回日期:2025-06-11
基金
作者信息
    1南京大学生命科学学院, 医药生物技术国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023
    2江苏省产业技术研究院医药生物技术研究所/江苏靶标生物医药研究所有限公司, 常州南京大学高新技术研究院, 江苏 常州 213164
    3南京吉芮康生物科技研究院, 江苏 南京 210044

通讯作者:

庄红芹, E-mail:
华子春, E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0239
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏