Article(id=1193523101200773461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193523095437799732, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0703, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1721664000000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-23, revisedDate=1731427200000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762487681913, onlineDateStr=2025-11-07, pubDate=1739289600000, pubDateStr=2025-02-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762487681913, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762487681913, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762487681913, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193523095437799732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='2', pageStart='245', pageEnd='532', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762487680538, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764224912893, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200809576107987438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193523095437799732, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200809576107987439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1193523095437799732, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=369, endPage=378, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193523101393711446, articleId=1193523101200773461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Effective-compounds of Jinshui Huanxian formula ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting lipid droplet catabolism and thus macrophage M2 polarization, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of the effective-compounds of Jinshui Huanxian formula (ECC-JHF) in improving pulmonary fibrosis. Animal experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Animal Experiment Center of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (approval number: IACUC-202306012). The mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was induced using bleomycin (BLM). Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to detect the histopathological changes of lung tissues. Masson staining was used to assess the degree of fibrosis in lung tissues. Immunofluorescence (IF) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed to measure the expression of collagen type I (COL I), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in lung tissues. Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to detect the proportion of M1 and M2 macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice. IF and qPCR were also used to detect the expression of lipase family member N (LIPN) in lung tissues. Free fatty acid assay kit was used to detect the level of free fatty acids in lung tissue. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were treated with interleukin-4 (IL-4) to induce M2 polarization. FCM was used to measure the proportion of CD206+ M2 macrophages. IF was utilized to detect LIPN expression and lipid droplet decomposition. The results showed that in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice, ECC-JHF significantly attenuated BLM-induced alveolar inflammation and collagen deposition, inhibited fibroblast activation in lung tissues, and decreased the proportion of M2 macrophages in BALF. It also significantly suppressed LIPN expression and free fatty acid level in lung tissues. In the IL-4 induced BMDMs M2 polarization model, ECC-JHF significantly inhibited the proportion of CD206+ M2 macrophages, down-regulated the expression of LIPN, and blocked lipid droplet catabolism. These results suggest that ECC-JHF may alleviate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting lipid droplet decomposition and M2 macrophage polarization.

, correspAuthors=Qin ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wen-bo SHAO, Jia-ping ZHENG, Peng ZHAO, Qin ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1193523492210569705, articleId=1193523101200773461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ抑制脂滴分解阻抑巨噬细胞M2极化改善肺纤维化, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究旨在探讨金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ改善肺纤维化的作用和机制。动物实验已获得河南中医药大学动物实验中心伦理委员会批准(批准号: IACUC-202306012)。采用博来霉素(bleomycin, BLM) 构建小鼠肺纤维化模型, 苏木精-伊红染色法(hematoxylin-eosin staining, H&E) 检测各组小鼠肺组织病理形态; 马松染色(Masson staining) 检测各组小鼠肺组织纤维化; 免疫荧光(immunofluorescence, IF) 及实时荧光定量PCR (real-time quantitative PCR, qPCR) 检测各组小鼠肺组织I型胶原(collagen type I, COL I)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin, α-SMA)、纤连蛋白(fibronectin, FN)、白细胞介素(interleukin, IL)-1β、白细胞介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor α, TNF-α) 表达; 流式细胞术(flow cytometry, FCM) 检测各组小鼠肺泡灌洗液(BALF) 中M1型、M2型巨噬细胞比例; IF和qPCR检测各组小鼠肺组织脂肪酶家族成员N (lipase family member N, LIPN) 表达水平; Amplex Red游离脂肪酸检测试剂盒检测各组小鼠肺组织游离脂肪酸水平。采用IL-4诱导骨髓衍生巨噬细胞(bone marrow derived macrophages, BMDMs) M2极化, FCM检测各组细胞CD206+ M2型巨噬细胞比例; IF检测各组细胞LIPN表达及脂滴分解。结果显示, 在BLM诱导的肺纤维化小鼠中, 金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ显著减轻BLM引起的肺泡炎症和胶原沉积, 显著抑制小鼠肺组织成纤维细胞活化和下调BALF中M2型巨噬细胞比例, 显著抑制小鼠肺组织LIPN表达和游离脂肪酸水平; 在IL-4诱导的BMDMs M2极化模型, 金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ显著抑制CD206+ M2型巨噬细胞比例, 下调LIPN表达和阻抑脂滴分解。上述研究结果表明, 金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ可能通过抑制脂滴分解, 下调脂肪酸水平, 阻抑巨噬细胞M2极化, 减轻BLM诱导的肺纤维化。

, correspAuthors=张琴, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*张琴, Tel: 15195959578, E-mail:
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Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194709231061410074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, companyId=1194709231053021464, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.河南中医药大学中医药科学院, 河南 郑州 450046)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1194709234563653971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=LIY8sBmZJ4kTvaPX/wVy7A==, figureFileBig=/jB+v2AoNzF1YUSdPwsoWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709234630762838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= Effects of effective-compounds of Jinshui Huanxian formula (ECC-JHF) on lung inflammation and fibrosis in mice treated with bleomycin (BLM). A: Lung pathologic abnormalities examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining (200×), respectively. Scale bar, 100 μm; B: Alveolitis was scored using Szapiel's method; C: The degree of fibrosis was scored using Ashcroft's method. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula"><tex-math id="M2">$ \overline{x} $</tex-math></span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=LIY8sBmZJ4kTvaPX/wVy7A==, figureFileBig=/jB+v2AoNzF1YUSdPwsoWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709234748203352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=nPci61RtcJbIm2VLYkE8pA==, figureFileBig=Rhlbd51Oi41QQqQumh8vxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709234815312219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Effect of ECC-JHF on lung fibroblast activation in BLM-treated mice. A: The relative mRNA expression of <i>α</i>-<i>SMA</i>, <i>FN</i> and <i>COL Ⅰ</i> was assessed by qPCR; B: The relative mRNA expression of <i>IL</i>-<i>1β</i>, <i>IL</i>-<i>6</i> and <i>TNF</i>-<i>α</i> was assessed by qPCR; C: The protein expression of <i>α</i>-SMA and COL Ⅰ was visualized by immunofluorescence (400×). Scale bar, 50 μm. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula"><tex-math id="M3">$ \overline{x} $</tex-math></span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=nPci61RtcJbIm2VLYkE8pA==, figureFileBig=Rhlbd51Oi41QQqQumh8vxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709234890809693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Dd7DUQTO5h3SmfT9XYo5zg==, figureFileBig=Xr73dW4En9kpc9Mv57JqqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709235025027423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= Effect of ECC-JHF on the proportion of macrophages in BLM-treated mice. A: The number of cells in BALF was analyzed by cell counter; B: The proportion of CD86<sup>+</sup> M1 macrophages and CD206<sup>+</sup> M2 macrophages in BALF was analyzed by flow cytometry. <i>n</i> = 5, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula"><tex-math id="M4">$ \overline{x} $</tex-math></span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=Dd7DUQTO5h3SmfT9XYo5zg==, figureFileBig=Xr73dW4En9kpc9Mv57JqqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709235092136289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=JGLMJMSwEz9boHW1/9orpQ==, figureFileBig=8vC8s0QX4DBNFTZJ9EyFqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709235155050851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Effect of ECC-JHF on M2 polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). A: The survival rate of BMDMs was analyzed using MTT; B: The mRNA expression of <i>CD206</i> and <i>Arg1</i> was detected by qPCR; C: The proportion of CD206<sup>+</sup> M2 macrophages and the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD206 were detected using flow cytometry. <i>n</i> = 5 or 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula"><tex-math id="M5">$ \overline{x} $</tex-math></span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> IL-4 group , figureFileSmall=JGLMJMSwEz9boHW1/9orpQ==, figureFileBig=8vC8s0QX4DBNFTZJ9EyFqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709235217965413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=jTOTMnTuejJ/hBjAQUgLUg==, figureFileBig=5Ysi0J8UlDuoMaBgF3gSNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709235297657192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Effect of ECC-JHF on lipase family member N (LIPN) expression and lipid droplet breakdown in BMDMs cells. A: The protein level of LIPN in BMDMs cells was detected by immunofluorescence (400×). Scale bar, 20 μm; B: The mRNA expression of <i>LIPN</i> in BMDMs cells was detected by qPCR; C: The lipid droplet decomposition was observed by Nile red staining and the number of lipid droplets was counted (400×). Scale bar, 20 μm; D: Lipid drop number/cells and fluorescence intensity/cells spearman correlation analysis results. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula"><tex-math id="M6">$ \overline{x} $</tex-math></span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> IL-4 group , figureFileSmall=jTOTMnTuejJ/hBjAQUgLUg==, figureFileBig=5Ysi0J8UlDuoMaBgF3gSNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709235360571754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=70SvxgteEu4DcIG4SIDY9A==, figureFileBig=1nVQwQ7Ey7uEWnDoE8qijw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709235431874925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= Effect of ECC-JHF on LIPN expression and fatty acid levels in lung tissues of BLM-treated mice. A, B: The protein level of LPIN in lung tissues was detected by immunofluorescence (400×). Scale bar, 50 μm; C: The mRNA expression of <i>LIPN</i> was detected by qPCR; D: The fatty acid levels were detected using free fatty acid assay kit. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula"><tex-math id="M7">$ \overline{x} $</tex-math></span> ± <i>s</i>. <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=70SvxgteEu4DcIG4SIDY9A==, figureFileBig=1nVQwQ7Ey7uEWnDoE8qijw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194709235494789486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Gene namePrimer sequence (5′-3′)
α-SMAForwardCCCAGACATCAGGGAGTAATGG
ReverseTCTATCGGATACTTCAGCGTCA
FNForwardATGTGGACCCCTCCTGATAGT
ReverseGCCCAGTGATTTCAGCAAAGG
COL IForwardGCTCCTCTTAGGGGCCACT
ReverseCCACGTCTCACCATTGGGG
LIPNForwardTTCACTCGGCACTACAATAGGA
ReverseGCTTTTGGTTGCAGAATGTGAT
Arg-1ForwardCTCCAAGCCAAAGTCCTTAGAG
ReverseAGGAGCTGTCATTAGGGAGACATC
CD206ForwardAAGGCATGCGTTGCACATAC
ReverseATTCTGCTCGATGTTGCCCA
IL-ForwardGAAATGCCACCTTTTGACAGTG
ReverseTGGATGCTCTCATCAGGACAG
IL-6ForwardCTGCAAGAGACTTCCATCCAG
ReverseAGTGGTATAGACAGGTCTGTTGG
TNF-αForwardCAGGCGGTGCCTATGTCTC
ReverseCGATCACCCCGAAGTTCAGTAG
β-actinForwardGTGACGTTGACATCCGTAAAGA
ReverseGCCGGACTCATCGTACTCC
), ArticleFig(id=1194709235553509743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1193523101200773461, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primer sequence. α-SMA: α-Smooth muscle actin; FN: Fibronectin; COL I: Collagen type I; LIPN: Lipase family member N; Arg-1: Arginase-1; CD206: Macrophage mannose receptor; IL: Interleukin; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Gene namePrimer sequence (5′-3′)
α-SMAForwardCCCAGACATCAGGGAGTAATGG
ReverseTCTATCGGATACTTCAGCGTCA
FNForwardATGTGGACCCCTCCTGATAGT
ReverseGCCCAGTGATTTCAGCAAAGG
COL IForwardGCTCCTCTTAGGGGCCACT
ReverseCCACGTCTCACCATTGGGG
LIPNForwardTTCACTCGGCACTACAATAGGA
ReverseGCTTTTGGTTGCAGAATGTGAT
Arg-1ForwardCTCCAAGCCAAAGTCCTTAGAG
ReverseAGGAGCTGTCATTAGGGAGACATC
CD206ForwardAAGGCATGCGTTGCACATAC
ReverseATTCTGCTCGATGTTGCCCA
IL-ForwardGAAATGCCACCTTTTGACAGTG
ReverseTGGATGCTCTCATCAGGACAG
IL-6ForwardCTGCAAGAGACTTCCATCCAG
ReverseAGTGGTATAGACAGGTCTGTTGG
TNF-αForwardCAGGCGGTGCCTATGTCTC
ReverseCGATCACCCCGAAGTTCAGTAG
β-actinForwardGTGACGTTGACATCCGTAAAGA
ReverseGCCGGACTCATCGTACTCC
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金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ抑制脂滴分解阻抑巨噬细胞M2极化改善肺纤维化
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邵文博 1, 2 , 郑佳萍 1, 2 , 赵鹏 1, 2, 3 , 张琴 1, 2, 3, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(2): 369-378
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2025, 60(2): 369-378
金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ抑制脂滴分解阻抑巨噬细胞M2极化改善肺纤维化
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邵文博1, 2, 郑佳萍1, 2, 赵鹏1, 2, 3, 张琴1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1.河南中医药大学河南省中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室, 河南 郑州 450046
  • 2.呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心, 河南 郑州 450046
  • 3.河南中医药大学中医药科学院, 河南 郑州 450046

通讯作者:

*张琴, Tel: 15195959578, E-mail:
Effective-compounds of Jinshui Huanxian formula ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting lipid droplet catabolism and thus macrophage M2 polarization
Wen-bo SHAO1, 2, Jia-ping ZHENG1, 2, Peng ZHAO1, 2, 3, Qin ZHANG1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
  • 2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
  • 3. Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
出版时间: 2025-02-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0703
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本研究旨在探讨金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ改善肺纤维化的作用和机制。动物实验已获得河南中医药大学动物实验中心伦理委员会批准(批准号: IACUC-202306012)。采用博来霉素(bleomycin, BLM) 构建小鼠肺纤维化模型, 苏木精-伊红染色法(hematoxylin-eosin staining, H&E) 检测各组小鼠肺组织病理形态; 马松染色(Masson staining) 检测各组小鼠肺组织纤维化; 免疫荧光(immunofluorescence, IF) 及实时荧光定量PCR (real-time quantitative PCR, qPCR) 检测各组小鼠肺组织I型胶原(collagen type I, COL I)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin, α-SMA)、纤连蛋白(fibronectin, FN)、白细胞介素(interleukin, IL)-1β、白细胞介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor α, TNF-α) 表达; 流式细胞术(flow cytometry, FCM) 检测各组小鼠肺泡灌洗液(BALF) 中M1型、M2型巨噬细胞比例; IF和qPCR检测各组小鼠肺组织脂肪酶家族成员N (lipase family member N, LIPN) 表达水平; Amplex Red游离脂肪酸检测试剂盒检测各组小鼠肺组织游离脂肪酸水平。采用IL-4诱导骨髓衍生巨噬细胞(bone marrow derived macrophages, BMDMs) M2极化, FCM检测各组细胞CD206+ M2型巨噬细胞比例; IF检测各组细胞LIPN表达及脂滴分解。结果显示, 在BLM诱导的肺纤维化小鼠中, 金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ显著减轻BLM引起的肺泡炎症和胶原沉积, 显著抑制小鼠肺组织成纤维细胞活化和下调BALF中M2型巨噬细胞比例, 显著抑制小鼠肺组织LIPN表达和游离脂肪酸水平; 在IL-4诱导的BMDMs M2极化模型, 金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ显著抑制CD206+ M2型巨噬细胞比例, 下调LIPN表达和阻抑脂滴分解。上述研究结果表明, 金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ可能通过抑制脂滴分解, 下调脂肪酸水平, 阻抑巨噬细胞M2极化, 减轻BLM诱导的肺纤维化。

金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ  /  肺纤维化  /  脂滴分解  /  巨噬细胞M2极化  /  脂肪酶家族成员N

This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of the effective-compounds of Jinshui Huanxian formula (ECC-JHF) in improving pulmonary fibrosis. Animal experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Animal Experiment Center of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (approval number: IACUC-202306012). The mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was induced using bleomycin (BLM). Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to detect the histopathological changes of lung tissues. Masson staining was used to assess the degree of fibrosis in lung tissues. Immunofluorescence (IF) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed to measure the expression of collagen type I (COL I), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in lung tissues. Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to detect the proportion of M1 and M2 macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice. IF and qPCR were also used to detect the expression of lipase family member N (LIPN) in lung tissues. Free fatty acid assay kit was used to detect the level of free fatty acids in lung tissue. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were treated with interleukin-4 (IL-4) to induce M2 polarization. FCM was used to measure the proportion of CD206+ M2 macrophages. IF was utilized to detect LIPN expression and lipid droplet decomposition. The results showed that in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice, ECC-JHF significantly attenuated BLM-induced alveolar inflammation and collagen deposition, inhibited fibroblast activation in lung tissues, and decreased the proportion of M2 macrophages in BALF. It also significantly suppressed LIPN expression and free fatty acid level in lung tissues. In the IL-4 induced BMDMs M2 polarization model, ECC-JHF significantly inhibited the proportion of CD206+ M2 macrophages, down-regulated the expression of LIPN, and blocked lipid droplet catabolism. These results suggest that ECC-JHF may alleviate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting lipid droplet decomposition and M2 macrophage polarization.

effective-compounds of Jinshui Huanxian formula  /  pulmonary fibrosis  /  lipid droplet  /  macrophage M2 polarization  /  lipase family member N
邵文博, 郑佳萍, 赵鹏, 张琴. 金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ抑制脂滴分解阻抑巨噬细胞M2极化改善肺纤维化. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (2) : 369 -378 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0703
Wen-bo SHAO, Jia-ping ZHENG, Peng ZHAO, Qin ZHANG. Effective-compounds of Jinshui Huanxian formula ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting lipid droplet catabolism and thus macrophage M2 polarization[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (2) : 369 -378 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0703
特发性肺纤维化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, IPF) 是一种纤维化间质性肺病, 其治疗费用昂贵、预后差, 确诊后中位生存期为3~5年, 5年死亡率 > 50%, 给患者和社会带来了巨大的经济负担[1-3]。肺康复锻炼和抗纤维化药物(吡非尼酮和尼达尼布) 治疗仅能起到缓解作用, 并不能阻碍肺纤维化的进展[4, 5]。肺移植存在供体器官短缺、医疗费用昂贵和肺移植后终身使用免疫抑制剂等问题[6]。因此, 加强肺纤维化的基础与防治研究, 提高肺纤维化的治疗水平, 将具有重要的现实意义和显著的社会经济效益。
研究发现, 巨噬细胞通过分泌炎症因子、生长因子和趋化因子, 在肺纤维化的发展中发挥重要作用。根据局部微环境, 巨噬细胞可以被极化为经典激活的促炎性(M1) 或交替激活的抗炎性(M2) 表型。在肺纤维化早期炎症阶段, 升高的Th1细胞因子和γ-干扰素(interferon-γ, IFN-γ) 等推动了M1巨噬细胞的激活。M1巨噬细胞清除致病微生物, 并通过释放肿瘤坏死因子α (tumor necrosis factor α, TNF-α) 和诱导性一氧化氮合成酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS) 等加剧炎症反应, 介导组织损伤[5]。另有研究发现, M1-like巨噬细胞过继移植改善小鼠肝纤维化[6], 提示M1巨噬细胞对组织纤维化调节作用具有双面性。虽然M1巨噬细胞与肺纤维化的关系尚未明确, 但普遍认为M2巨噬细胞增多和激活意味着纤维化加重。在肺纤维化后期的炎症消退和组织重构阶段, 抗炎的M2巨噬细胞比例升高, 通过产生转化生长因子-β (TGF-β) 和血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF) 等促成纤维细胞增殖的原纤维介质, 诱导成纤维细胞持续激活, 促进肌成纤维细胞增殖[7-9]。据报道, 在博莱霉素(bleomycin, BLM) 诱导的肺纤维化模型中, WXWH0265[10]、他克莫司[11]和氯硝柳胺[12, 13]等药物均通过抑制巨噬细胞M2极化, 改善肺损伤和纤维化, 表明抑制巨噬细胞M2极化是肺纤维化的有效治疗策略。
脂肪酸氧化是巨噬细胞M2极化的重要驱动力量。细胞内的脂肪酸来源于从头合成、胞外摄取和脂肪分解等途径。脂肪酸合成和脂肪酸摄取增加促进巨噬细胞M2极化。然而脂滴的降解是如何影响巨噬细胞M2极化尚不清楚。脂肪酶家族成员N (LIPN) 是溶酶体酸性脂肪酶, 介导脂肪的分解[14, 15]。LIPN在表皮颗粒状角质形成细胞中高表达, 在角质形成细胞的分化中发挥作用。目前主要在4型层状鱼鳞病开展LIPN相关研究, 在其他疾病中对LIPN的研究较少。临床研究表明, 金水缓纤方(ZL.201610877761.4) 能够改善患者肺功能, 提高运动耐力和生活质量, 减轻临床症状, 降低患者急性加重次数, 但成分复杂、作用靶点多样, 导致其作用机制难以深入探析。本课题组采用组分配伍法筛选出金水缓纤方的关键活性组分, 优化配伍获得了成分明确、疗效显著的金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ (ECC-JHF), 但作用机制尚不明确。本项目拟从LIPN介导的脂滴分解角度, 阐释ECC-JHF抑制巨噬细胞M2极化改善肺纤维化的作用机制, 为ECC-JHF的开发及临床应用提供科学依据。
仪器 Thermo 8000 CO2培养箱、CJ-2F型超净工作台、Multiskan MK3酶标仪、1300系列A2型生物安全柜(美国Thermo公司); LEICARM 2145自动切片机(德国Leica公司); OLYMPUS-DP70型显微镜及显微照相系统(日本Olympus公司); 7500型实时荧光定量PCR仪(美国ABI公司); BD FACSC CelestaTM Flow Cytometer (美国BD公司); LSM700型激光共聚焦显微镜(德国Carl Zeiss公司)。
药物与试剂 ECC-JHF由淫羊藿苷、异甘草素、川陈皮素、贝母素甲、芍药苷5个单体组成(中药单体成分购买于成都曼斯特生物科技有限公司, 纯度≥ 98%, 生产批号: 贝母素甲: MUST-23061910; 芍药苷: MUST-23030616; 异甘草素: MUST-24031620; 川陈皮素: MUST-23100917; 淫羊藿苷: MUST-23122212)。按照淫羊藿苷∶异甘草素∶川陈皮素∶贝母素甲∶芍药苷= 50∶4∶1∶3.125∶3.125的质量比溶解于二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) 中配置成61.25 mg·mL-1储备液, 用于体外细胞实验; 或按照相同质量比, 用0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC-Na) 溶液配制, 用于体内实验。
吡非尼酮(pirfenidone, PFD) 胶囊(艾斯瑞, 100 mg × 54粒/瓶, 批号: 150603, 北京康蒂尼药业有限公司), 使用前用0.5% CMC-Na配制。
BLM (货号: B802467) 购自上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司; anti-LIPN antibody购自英国Biorbyt公司; PerCP/cyanine5.5 anti-mouse CD206 (货号: 141716)、APC/cyanine7 anti-mouse CD86 antibody (货号: 105030) 购自美国Biolegend公司; anti-collagen I antibody (货号: AF7001) 购自江苏亲科生物有限公司; Anti-fibronectin polyclonal antibody (15613-1-AP)、anti-smooth muscle actin monoclonal antobody (67735-1)、anti-fluorescein (FITC)-conjugated affinipure goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) (货号: SA00003-2)、anti-Cy3-conjugated affinipure goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L) (货号: SA00009-1) 购自武汉三鹰生物技术有限公司; recombinant murine IL-4 (货号: 214-14)、recombinant murine M-CSF (货号: 315-02) 购自美国Peprotech公司; Nile red (货号: HY-D0718) 购自美国MCE公司; Amplex Red游离脂肪酸检测试剂盒(货号: S0215S) 购自碧云天生物技术有限公司。
实验动物 雄性C57BL/6小鼠, SPF级, 6~8周龄, 体重20 g左右, 由北京斯贝福实验动物技术有限公司提供[许可证号: SCXK (京) 2019-0010]。饲养于温度(25 ± 2) ℃、湿度55% ± 10%环境中, 自由摄食和饮水。适应饲养1周后使用。动物实验已获得河南中医药大学动物实验中心伦理委员会批准(批准号: IACUC-202306012)。
小鼠肺纤维化模型的构建及药物干预 将小鼠适应性饲养1周, 按随机数字表法将24只雄性小鼠分为正常组、模型组、ECC-JHF、PFD阳性对照组。造模日定为第0天, 造模当天除正常组外, 其他各组小鼠气管内滴注BLM (2.5 mg·mL-1) 40 μL制备肺纤维化模型: 小鼠经呼吸麻醉后, 垂直固定, 充分暴露声门, 持气管插管快速对准声门插入气管, 退出针芯, 注入BLM。第1~6天, 正常饲养。第7~21天, 药物干预组灌胃给予ECC-JHF溶液(6.82 mg·kg-1·d-1)、PFD溶液(156 mg·kg-1·d-1), 空白组和模型组给予等剂量0.5% CMC-Na。小鼠给药剂量(D) 换算公式为D小鼠 = D × (HI小鼠/HI) × (W小鼠/W)2/3, 其中, HI: 体型系数; W: 体重。
骨髓来源巨噬细胞(bone marrow-derived macrophages, BMDMs) 的提取与诱导 取小鼠后肢腿骨, 剪去肌肉(也可用纱布或无菌纸搓揉去除肌肉) 和两头骨端。用2.5 mL注射器(25G针头) 吸取PBS (含2%~4% Lonsera血清) 冲洗骨髓腔至40 μmol·L-1尼龙网上制备单细胞悬液, 1 200 r·min-1、5 min离心去上清。加入红细胞裂解液, 放置2 min。裂红结束后, 加入10~15 mL PBS (1%血清) 终止裂解, 1 200 r·min-1离心5 min。细胞沉淀用培养基洗1遍后进行细胞计数。细胞按3×106个/孔的密度接种于六孔板, 每2天加一次巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(macrophage colony-stimulating factor, M-CSF) (10 ng·mL-1), 诱导细胞分化为巨噬细胞。
BMDMs分组与处理 将BMDMs分为空白组、模型组、ECC-JHF (15.31 μg·mL-1)、ECC-JHF (30.63 μg·mL-1) 组、ECC-JHF (61.25 μg·mL-1) 组。用药组加入相应药物后置于37 ℃、5% CO2培养箱培养3~6 h后, 除空白组外其余组加入IL-4 (20 ng·mL-1) 继续诱导24或48 h。
实时定量PCR分析(qPCR) 收集细胞和组织, 加入1 mL RNAiso plus, 静置裂解10 min, 转移至无RNA酶的1.5 mL eppendorf管中。加入0.2 mL氯仿, 用力振摇, 冰上静置15 min, 12 000 r·min-1 4 ℃离心15 min。吸取500 μL上清转移至无RNA酶的1.5 mL eppendorf管中, 加入500 μL异丙醇, 混匀, -20 ℃静置30 min, 12 000 r·min-1 4 ℃离心10 min, 弃上清。于管中加入75%乙醇1 mL, 混匀, 7 500 r·min-1 4 ℃离心5 min, 弃上清。空气中充分干燥至半透明状态后, 即得总RNA。根据试剂盒说明进行cDNA的合成和qPCR定量分析。引物序列见表 1
H&E与Masson染色 取小鼠完整肺组织, 用预冷的PBS缓冲液清洗去除血液, 左右肺分离。左肺结扎后用4%多聚甲醛灌注固定, 梯度脱水, 石蜡包埋, 4 μm切片。采用Szapiel法[16]对H&E染色结果进行肺泡炎评分; 采用Ashcroft法[17]对Masson染色结果进行纤维化程度评分。
流式细胞术检测(FCM) 支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF) M1、M2型巨噬细胞比例: 获取BALF细胞沉渣, 裂解红细胞并细胞计数。先后加入F4/80、CD86、CD206等流式抗体进行细胞染色, 最后收集细胞, 上机检测, Flojwo软件分析巨噬细胞比例。
BMDMs M2型细胞比例: 胰酶消化收集细胞沉淀, 加入CD206流式抗体进行染色, 染色结束后上机检测, Flojwo软件分析巨噬细胞比例。
免疫荧光检测(IF) 组织切片中LIPN表达情况: 组织切片用预冷PBS洗涤3次, 4%多聚甲醛固定20 min, 0.1% Triton X-100透化10 min, 5%山羊血清室温封闭1 h。使用LIPN抗体在4 ℃下染色过夜。随后, 洗涤3次, 并与FITC标记的二抗(1∶500) 在室温下孵育1 h。最后, 用DAPI复染细胞核10 min, 在荧光显微镜下观察拍片。
细胞中脂滴分解情况: 细胞培养完成后, 用冷PBS洗涤3次, 4%多聚甲醛固定20 min, 0.1% Triton X-100透化10 min, 5%山羊血清室温封闭1 h。使用尼罗红染料在4 ℃下染色过夜。洗涤3次, 最后, 用DAPI复染细胞核10 min, 在荧光显微镜下观察拍片。
游离脂肪酸检测试剂盒检测 使用PBS获取小鼠BALF, 离心后取上清。依据游离脂肪酸检测试剂盒说明书操作, 进行样本游离脂肪酸水平的测定。
统计学分析 所有的实验结果以均数±标准差($\bar{x} \pm s$) 表示, 所得数据采用GraphPad Prism 8进行统计和作图。各组均值间比较采用单因素方差分析, P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。
一次性气管滴注BLM建立肺纤维化小鼠模型, 评价ECC-JHF对小鼠肺纤维化病理的改善作用。H&E染色结果显示(图 1AB), 与正常组比较, 模型组小鼠肺泡炎评分显著升高(P < 0.01)。与模型组比较, ECC-JHF和PFD组肺泡结构改善, 炎症细胞浸润减轻, 肺泡炎评分显著降低(P < 0.01)。Masson染色结果显示(图 1AC), 与正常组比较, 模型组小鼠肺间质内出现片状胶原纤维沉积, 纤维化评分显著升高(P < 0.01)。与模型组比较, ECC-JHF和PFD组小鼠肺组织胶原纤维减少, 纤维化评分显著降低(P < 0.01), 且ECC-JHF在改善肺组织病理损伤方面的疗效与阳性药PFD相当。
qPCR结果显示(图 2AB), 与正常组比较, 模型组小鼠肺组织中FNCOL ⅠIL-IL-6 mRNA水平均显著升高(P < 0.05; P < 0.01); 与模型组比较, ECC-JHF和PFD组小鼠肺组织α-SMAFNIL- mRNA水平显著降低(P < 0.05; P < 0.01)。IF结果显示(图 2C), 与正常组比较, 模型组小鼠肺组织中COL Ⅰ、α-SMA蛋白水平均显著升高(P < 0.01); 与模型组比较, ECC-JHF和PFD组小鼠肺组织COL Ⅰ和α-SMA蛋白水平显著降低(P < 0.01)。以上结果表明, ECC-JHF具有抑制肺成纤维细胞活化, 减少肺组织胶原沉积的作用, 且改善作用与阳性药PFD相当。
细胞计数仪分析每组小鼠的支气管BALF中细胞数目, 评价各组小鼠肺部炎细胞浸润情况。细胞计数结果显示(图 3A), 与正常组比较, 模型组小鼠BALF中细胞浸润显著增加(P < 0.05); 与模型组比较, ECC-JHF组小鼠BALF中细胞浸润水平无显著差异。巨噬细胞通过分泌炎症因子、生长因子和趋化因子, 在IPF的发展中发挥重要作用。采用FCM检测小鼠BALF中M1和M2型巨噬细胞的比例。结果显示(图 3B), 与正常组比较, 模型组小鼠BALF中CD206+ M2型巨噬细胞比例显著增加(P < 0.01), CD86+ M1型巨噬细胞比例则无显著差异; 与模型组比较, ECC-JHF和PFD组小鼠BALF中M2型巨噬细胞比例均显著降低(P < 0.01)。以上结果表明, ECC-JHF可能通过抑制炎细胞浸润、下调M2型巨噬细胞比例, 缓解小鼠肺纤维化。
体外建立IL-4诱导的BMDMs M2极化模型, 考察ECC-JHF对巨噬细胞M2极化的影响。MTT结果显示(图 4A), ECC-JHF (15.31、30.63、61.25 μg·mL-1) 对BMDMs细胞活性均无显著影响。qPCR结果显示(图 4B), ECC-JHF (15.31、30.63、61.25 μg·mL-1) 均显著下调M2型巨噬细胞标志物CD206Arg1 mRNA水平(P < 0.05, P < 0.01)。FCM结果显示(图 4C), ECC-JHF (15.31、30.63、61.25 μg·mL-1) 均显著降低CD206+ M2型巨噬细胞比例和BMDMs CD206蛋白水平(P < 0.05, P < 0.01)。以上结果表明, ECC-JHF显著抑制巨噬细胞M2极化。
研究发现, IL-4通过上调固醇调节元件结合蛋白1, 触发脂肪酸从头合成, 重编程脂肪酸氧化(FAO), 驱动巨噬细胞M2极化[15]。LIPN是脂肪酶家族成员之一, 编码溶酶体酸性脂肪酶, 通过促进甘油三酯水解产生脂肪酸, 增强FAO[14]。首先在BMDMs细胞, 采用IF检测ECC-JHF对IL-4诱导的M2巨噬细胞中LIPN蛋白水平的影响。结果显示(图 5A), 与空白组相比, 模型组LIPN的表达显著升高; 与模型组相比, ECC-JHF (30.63、61.25 μg·mL-1) 组LIPN的表达显著降低(P < 0.01)。接下来采用qPCR检测ECC-JHF对IL-4诱导的M2巨噬细胞中LIPN mRNA的影响。结果显示(图 5B), 与空白组相比, IL-4组LIPN mRNA水平显著升高(P < 0.01), 而ECC-JHF (15.31、30.63、61.25 μg·mL-1) 组则逆转了这一趋势(P < 0.05, P < 0.01)。然后采用尼罗红染色检测ECC-JHF对IL-4诱导的M2巨噬细胞中脂滴的影响。结果显示(图 5C), 与空白组相比, 模型组细胞中脂滴数量减少; 与模型组相比, ECC-JHF (30.63、61.25 μg·mL-1) 组脂滴数量显著增加(P < 0.05, P < 0.01)。斯皮尔曼相关性分析结果显示(图 5D), LIPN的表达量与脂滴数量呈负相关。以上结果提示, ECC-JHF抑制巨噬细胞M2极化可能与下调LIPN表达阻抑脂滴分解有关。
在肺纤维化小鼠肺组织中, 进一步验证ECC-JHF对LIPN表达和脂滴分解的影响。IF结果显示(图 6AB), 与正常组小鼠相比, 模型组小鼠LIPN蛋白水平显著升高(P < 0.01), 与模型组小鼠相比, ECC-JHF组和PFD组LIPN蛋白水平显著降低(P < 0.01)。qPCR结果与IF结果一致(图 6C)。游离脂肪酸检测试剂盒检测脂滴分解产物脂肪酸水平, 结果显示(图 6D), 与正常组小鼠相比, 模型组小鼠BALF中游离脂肪酸水平显著升高(P < 0.05), 与模型组小鼠相比, ECC-JHF组和PFD组游离脂肪酸水平显著降低(P < 0.05, P < 0.01)。以上结果提示, ECC-JHF可能通过抑制LIPN的表达阻抑脂滴分解, 进而抑制巨噬细胞M2极化, 缓解肺纤维化。
IPF严重危害健康, 病理机制复杂, 现有治疗手段未能有效阻抑疾病进程。中医药治疗肺纤维化取得了较大进展, 临床确证疗效的金水缓纤方可有效改善肺纤维化患者临床症状, 减少急性加重次数, 提高运动能力和生活质量。传统中药复方成分复杂, 作用靶点多样, 作用机制难以阐明, 且质量控制较为繁琐。中药单体组分配伍具有相对清楚的成分和作用机制, 安全性较高的同时仍保留复方多组分的协同性特色, 是中药走向精准药物和突破中药国际化发展瓶颈的策略之一。ECC-JHF是金水缓纤方经活性组分优化配伍形成, 其成分明确, 疗效显著, 作用机制不明。本研究采用气管内注射博来霉素的方法构建肺纤维化小鼠模型, 结果显示模型组小鼠肺组织发生肺泡间隔明显增厚、炎性细胞浸润、胶原沉积等病理改变, 表明肺纤维化小鼠模型构建成功。金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ可有效改善小鼠肺纤维化, 抑制成纤维细胞活化和巨噬细胞M2极化, 其作用与阳性药吡非尼酮相当。
肺纤维化始于肺泡上皮细胞反复损伤引发的肺组织修复失调[18]。作为重要的先天性和获得性免疫控制者之一, 巨噬细胞在上皮细胞损伤后协调组织稳态和可塑性, 并在肺纤维化的整个病理过程中激活[19]。持续的组织炎症诱导巨噬细胞向M2型极化, 产生TGF-β以促进组织重塑和细胞外基质沉积, 从而推动肺纤维化的进展。IPF患者在疾病进展过程中主要被M2巨噬细胞浸润[20, 21]。因此, 干预巨噬细胞M2极化可能是IPF的潜在策略[22, 23]。然而, 巨噬细胞极化在肺纤维化中的调控机制尚不清楚。M2型巨噬细胞的存活及活化则主要依赖于脂肪酸的氧化提供能量, 脂肪酸的合成是巨噬细胞M2极化的必要步骤[24]。本研究发现, 金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ显著抑制小鼠肺组织脂肪酶LIPN表达, 下调M2型巨噬细胞LIPN水平和阻抑脂滴分解, 减少游离脂肪酸水平。结果提示, 金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ可能通过抑制LIPN介导的脂肪分解, 下调脂肪酸水平, 阻抑巨噬细胞M2极化, 改善肺纤维化。
综上, 本研究初步表明阻抑脂滴分解下调脂肪酸水平是阻抑巨噬细胞M2极化的潜在有效策略。金水缓纤组分方Ⅱ抑制巨噬细胞M2极化改善肺纤维化, 这一作用可能与调控脂肪酶LIPN介导的脂滴分解相关。
作者贡献: 邵文博、郑佳萍负责建立小鼠肺纤维化模型和相关实验研究工作; 张琴、赵鹏参与实验设计、提供研究思路、指导研究方法并撰写论文。
利益冲突: 本研究与任何组织和个人均不存在利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金青年项目(82304918)
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2025年第60卷第2期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-0703
  • 接收时间:2024-07-23
  • 首发时间:2025-11-07
  • 出版时间:2025-02-12
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-23
  • 修回日期:2024-11-13
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国家自然科学基金青年项目(82304918)
作者信息
    1.河南中医药大学河南省中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室, 河南 郑州 450046
    2.呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心, 河南 郑州 450046
    3.河南中医药大学中医药科学院, 河南 郑州 450046

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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