Article(id=1200500171923640529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1200500165426672625, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1355, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1701446400000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-02, revisedDate=1709049600000, revisedDateStr=2024-02-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764151145201, onlineDateStr=2025-11-26, pubDate=1718121600000, pubDateStr=2024-06-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764151145201, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764151145201, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764151145201, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200500165426672625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2024', volume='59', issue='6', pageStart='1509', pageEnd='1896', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764151143651, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764225143180, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200810542001680840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1200500165426672625, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200810542001680841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1200500165426672625, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1773, endPage=1778, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200500172397596919, articleId=1200500171923640529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Establishment and evaluation of a rapid PCR-colloidal gold test strip method for the detection of Fritillaria ussuriensis, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study design of specific identification primers for the ITS2 sequence of F. ussuriensis. The reaction system and conditions were optimized, and PCR-nucleic acid test strips were constructed to realize the visual detection of F. ussuriensis Bark. Through molecular cloning and sequencing technology, we constructed a positive control for F. ussuriensis DNA and formulated quality standards. The established method was evaluated for sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, and the authenticity of the commercially available samples was identified. Results demonstrated that based on the ITS2 sequences, F. ussuriensis and its mixed forgeries could be distinguished. The PCR products of the authentic F. ussuriensis on test strips showed two bands in the T and C lines, while the pseudo products and negative control showed only one band in the C line, which was consistent with the results of agarose gel electrophoresis. The specificity was 100%, and the sensitivity of the PCR-nucleic acid test strip was up to 0.1 ng·μL-1, which was 10 times higher than that of the gel electrophoresis assay. 11 out of 16 commercially available samples of F. ussuriensis were qualified, and 5 were unqualified. Collectively, the PCR-nucleic acid test strip method established in this study is specific, rapid, accurate and visualized, which can provide a new technical idea for the detection of F. ussuriensis.

, correspAuthors=Li-jun GAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yu-he MA, Cong-hui SHANG, Qiu-he MA, Tao LI, Yue LIU, Bei-zhen PAN, Li-jun GAO, Ming-cheng LI, Wei XIA, Yong-mei QU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1200500175765623193, articleId=1200500171923640529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=平贝母PCR-核酸试纸条快速检测方法的建立和评价, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究针对平贝母的ITS2序列设计特异性鉴别引物, 优化反应体系及条件, 构建PCR-核酸试纸条实现可视化检测平贝母。通过分子克隆及测序技术, 构建平贝母DNA阳性对照品, 制定质量标准。对建立的方法进行性能评价, 检测其灵敏度、特异性和重复性, 对市售样品进行真伪鉴定。结果显示, 基于ITS2序列可对平贝母及其混伪品进行区分。正品平贝母PCR产物滴定于试纸条上显示T、C线两条带, 伪品与阴性对照只显示C线一条带, 与琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果吻合。特异性为100%, PCR-核酸试纸条灵敏度可达0.1 ng·μL-1, 高于凝胶电泳检测10倍。16个平贝母市售样品中11个合格, 5个不合格。综上, 本研究建立的平贝母PCR-核酸试纸条检测方法特异、快速、精准、可视化, 可为平贝母检测提供新的技术思路。

, correspAuthors=高丽君, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*高丽君, Tel: 18604498547, E-mail:
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平贝母PCR-核酸试纸条快速检测方法的建立和评价
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马玉贺 1 , 商聪慧 1 , 马秋贺 1 , 李涛 1 , 刘悦 1 , 潘蓓珍 1 , 高丽君 1, * , 李明成 1, 2 , 夏薇 1 , 曲永梅 3
药学学报 | 研究论文 2024,59(6): 1773-1778
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2024, 59(6): 1773-1778
平贝母PCR-核酸试纸条快速检测方法的建立和评价
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马玉贺1, 商聪慧1, 马秋贺1, 李涛1, 刘悦1, 潘蓓珍1, 高丽君1, * , 李明成1, 2, 夏薇1, 曲永梅3
作者信息
  • 1.北华大学医学技术学院, 吉林 吉林 132013
  • 2.吉林省中药DNA指纹检测技术科技创新中心, 吉林 吉林 132013
  • 3.吉林国安药业有限公司, 吉林 吉林 132013

通讯作者:

*高丽君, Tel: 18604498547, E-mail:
Establishment and evaluation of a rapid PCR-colloidal gold test strip method for the detection of Fritillaria ussuriensis
Yu-he MA1, Cong-hui SHANG1, Qiu-he MA1, Tao LI1, Yue LIU1, Bei-zhen PAN1, Li-jun GAO1, * , Ming-cheng LI1, 2, Wei XIA1, Yong-mei QU3
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
  • 2. Innovation Center for Detection on DNA Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin 132013, China
  • 3. Jilin Guoan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jilin 132013, China
出版时间: 2024-06-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1355
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本研究针对平贝母的ITS2序列设计特异性鉴别引物, 优化反应体系及条件, 构建PCR-核酸试纸条实现可视化检测平贝母。通过分子克隆及测序技术, 构建平贝母DNA阳性对照品, 制定质量标准。对建立的方法进行性能评价, 检测其灵敏度、特异性和重复性, 对市售样品进行真伪鉴定。结果显示, 基于ITS2序列可对平贝母及其混伪品进行区分。正品平贝母PCR产物滴定于试纸条上显示T、C线两条带, 伪品与阴性对照只显示C线一条带, 与琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果吻合。特异性为100%, PCR-核酸试纸条灵敏度可达0.1 ng·μL-1, 高于凝胶电泳检测10倍。16个平贝母市售样品中11个合格, 5个不合格。综上, 本研究建立的平贝母PCR-核酸试纸条检测方法特异、快速、精准、可视化, 可为平贝母检测提供新的技术思路。

平贝母  /  分子克隆  /  ITS2序列  /  核酸试纸条  /  可视化

This study design of specific identification primers for the ITS2 sequence of F. ussuriensis. The reaction system and conditions were optimized, and PCR-nucleic acid test strips were constructed to realize the visual detection of F. ussuriensis Bark. Through molecular cloning and sequencing technology, we constructed a positive control for F. ussuriensis DNA and formulated quality standards. The established method was evaluated for sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, and the authenticity of the commercially available samples was identified. Results demonstrated that based on the ITS2 sequences, F. ussuriensis and its mixed forgeries could be distinguished. The PCR products of the authentic F. ussuriensis on test strips showed two bands in the T and C lines, while the pseudo products and negative control showed only one band in the C line, which was consistent with the results of agarose gel electrophoresis. The specificity was 100%, and the sensitivity of the PCR-nucleic acid test strip was up to 0.1 ng·μL-1, which was 10 times higher than that of the gel electrophoresis assay. 11 out of 16 commercially available samples of F. ussuriensis were qualified, and 5 were unqualified. Collectively, the PCR-nucleic acid test strip method established in this study is specific, rapid, accurate and visualized, which can provide a new technical idea for the detection of F. ussuriensis.

F. ussuriensis  /  molecular cloning  /  ITS2 sequence  /  nucleic acid test strip  /  visualization
马玉贺, 商聪慧, 马秋贺, 李涛, 刘悦, 潘蓓珍, 高丽君, 李明成, 夏薇, 曲永梅. 平贝母PCR-核酸试纸条快速检测方法的建立和评价. 药学学报, 2024 , 59 (6) : 1773 -1778 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1355
Yu-he MA, Cong-hui SHANG, Qiu-he MA, Tao LI, Yue LIU, Bei-zhen PAN, Li-jun GAO, Ming-cheng LI, Wei XIA, Yong-mei QU. Establishment and evaluation of a rapid PCR-colloidal gold test strip method for the detection of Fritillaria ussuriensis[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2024 , 59 (6) : 1773 -1778 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1355
平贝母(Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim) 为百合科植物贝母的干燥鳞茎, 多用于治疗胸闷气短、烦躁咳嗽、阴虚烦闷等症[1]。平贝母药材在我国的东北地区有较长的使用历史, 2021年平贝母被列为吉林省首批道地药材, 近年来, 平贝母的伪品越来越多, 导致中药材市场秩序混乱, 严重影响我国传统中医药发展, 亟须建立快速、简单、可视化、精准鉴别平贝母真伪的方法, 从源头保证中药材质量和临床用药安全。
目前, 鉴定平贝母的方法包括性状鉴定、显微鉴定和理化鉴定等[2, 3], 这需要经验丰富的技术人员, 主观性强, 尤其平贝母经过加工炮制后, 其理化性质发生改变, 在平贝母真伪鉴别上具有局限性[4]。随着分子生物学的发展, PCR技术被应用于平贝母鉴定中, Yang等[5]根据差异位点设计平贝母特异性引物, 采用两步法进行PCR扩增, 建立一种客观、准确、有效的平贝母位点特异性PCR鉴别方法。但PCR技术耗时长, 反应结束后需要进行电泳方可观察结果。近年来, 胶体金检测技术被广泛应用于中药鉴定中[6], 因其检测安全、快速、结果可视化的优点, 在医学检测、食品安全检测等多个领域应用广泛[7-9]
DNA条形码技术在多种植物的鉴定中显现出独特的优势, 特别是核糖体DNA的第二内部转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer 2, ITS2) 序列, 具有进化速度快、序列多态性高、特异性强等特点[10]。Xia等[11]利用ITS2序列对球兰属植物进行DNA分子鉴定, 为其物种鉴定和遗传多样性研究寻求新路径; Wang等[12]利用ITS2序列对市售火把花根药材及其混伪品进行DNA分子鉴定, 以确保其临床用药的安全和有效。因此, 本实验利用ITS2序列可区分亲缘关系较近物种的优点, 寻找其特异性指纹区段, 将DNA分子遗传标记技术的高灵敏性与免疫核酸试纸条的可视化相结合, 基本原理是利用微孔滤膜的渗滤浓缩和毛细管作用, 使抗原抗体发生反应, 阳性反应可以看到C线和T线2条带, 阴性反应只能看到C线1条带。可实现平贝母及其伪品的快速鉴定, 为保障我国传统中药材的检测提供新的思路和方法。
样品信息  平贝母标准品(中国食品药品检定研究院, 批号: 120924-201711); 浙贝母、土贝母、伊贝母和藏贝母均为吉林市国安药业有限公司赠送, 薏苡仁和莲子购自吉林市商场; 市售样品购自吉林市、长春市、长白山、沈阳市、黑龙江和大连市不同的中药材市场, 共16批, 均为药材干品, 用于验证本实验方法的准确性和市场的合格率。
试剂与仪器  2×Taq PCR Master Mix (P213-AA, 南京诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司); 100 bp DNA Marker (NMW002)、DH5α感受态细胞(MCC001), 北京鼎国昌盛生物技术有限公司; 琼脂糖凝胶回收试剂盒(DP204-02)、T载体连接试剂盒(VT217)、质粒小提试剂盒(DP103), 天根生化科技(北京) 有限公司; 一次性核酸检测试纸条(40009, 杭州优思达生物技术有限公司); 琼脂糖(西班牙Agrose公司); JD100-3B电子天平(0.001 g, 沈阳龙腾电子有限公司); Cence台式高速冷冻离心机(长沙湘仪离心机仪器有限公司); LEGEND MICRO21高速离心机[赛默飞世尔科技(中国) 有限公司]; Q6000微量紫外分光光度计(DeNovix公司); ETC 811 PCR基因扩增仪(苏州东胜兴业科学仪器有限公司); SHA-B水浴恒温振荡器(江苏省金坛市医疗仪器厂); UV WHITE2020D凝胶成像分析系统(美国Bio-Rad公司); DYY-8B型双稳定时电泳仪(北京市六一仪器厂)。
样品基因组DNA提取及质量鉴定  使用改良的CTAB法提取植物的DNA[13], 首先将贝母用75%的乙醇擦拭表面, 晾干后使用组织研磨仪进行粉碎, 取贝母样品100 mg置于2 mL的离心管中, 加入1 000 µL洗脱缓冲液, 加入3 µL β-巯基乙醇, 12 000 r·min-1离心6 min (4 ℃), 弃上清。加入750 µL 65 ℃预热的4×CTAB提取液, 加入2.25 µL β-巯基乙醇, 快速混匀, 65 ℃保温1 h (每隔5 min颠倒混匀一次)。取出后冷却至室温, 加入750 µL三氯甲烷-异戊醇(24∶1), 颠倒混匀使溶液呈乳浊状(不可震荡), 12 000 r·min-1离心5 min (室温)。取上清600 µL置于1.5 mL的离心管中, 加入同体积的预冷异丙醇, 颠倒混匀, 12 000 r·min-1离心8 min, 13 000 r·min-1离心3 min (4 ℃), 沉淀DNA, 弃去上清。加入800 µL 70%乙醇洗涤(可洗涤两次), 12 000 r·min-1离心3 min (4 ℃), 弃去乙醇。最后室温晾干, 待乙醇挥发干净后加入20 µL ddH2O, 加入10 µL RNaseA于37 ℃水浴中反应1~2 h, -20 ℃保存备用。提取的DNA于微量核酸蛋白仪检测其纯度及浓度, 并用通用引物(ITS2F-ATGCGATACTTGGTGTGAAT; ITS3R-GACGCTTCTCCAGACTACAAT) 进行PCR反应以检测模板DNA的质量, 反应条件: 94 ℃, 预变性5 min; 40个循环(94 ℃ 30 s; 56 ℃ 30 s; 72 ℃ 45 s); 72 ℃延伸10 min[14]
引物设计  从GenBank中下载平贝母ITS2序列, 通过DNAMAN对多序列进行对比分析, 寻找平贝母及其混伪品的差异位点, 利用引物设计软件Primer Premier 5.0设计出平贝母的特异性引物, 将设计好的引物分别在5′端进行标记, 其序列为: 上游引物5′(FAM)-GGACAATTTACTTTGCCCG-3′, 下游引物5′(Biotin)-CACACCAAGTATCGCATTTC-3′, 产物长度为254 bp, 并由生工(长春) 生物工程有限公司合成。
胶体金试纸条PCR反应体系优化
退火温度优化  试纸条检测方法灵敏性高, 退火温度会适当升高。将退火温度范围设置为53~60 ℃, 将Ep管分别置于53、54、55、56、57、58、59、60 ℃所对应的位置。利用一次性核酸检测试纸条检测确定PCR退火温度。
循环次数优化  试纸条检测方法灵敏性高, 循环次数会适当减少。将循环次数依次设置为20、23、25、28、30个循环, 利用一次性核酸检测试纸条检测确定PCR循环次数。
引物用量优化  用无菌双蒸水将平贝母特异性引物稀释至1 µmol·L-1, 控制引物用量为单一变量, 分别加入0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、10、1.2 µL进行特异性PCR反应。利用一次性核酸检测试纸条检测确定PCR引物用量。
模板用量优化  用无菌双蒸水将平贝母模板稀释至100 ng·μL-1, 控制模板用量为单一变量, 分别加入0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.2 µL进行特异性PCR反应。利用一次性核酸检测试纸条检测确定PCR模板用量。
胶体金试纸条PCR反应体系建立  将提取得到的平贝母DNA样品浓度稀释为100 ng·μL-1, 作为模板DNA进行后续PCR反应。PCR反应总体系为25 μL, 依次在200 μL EP管中加入12.5 μL的2×Taq PCR Master Mix, 上、下游引物(1.0 μmol·L-1) 各0.6 μL, 平贝母DNA 1 μL, 最后用灭菌蒸馏水补至25 μL。PCR扩增程序: 95 ℃条件下预变性5 min, (95 ℃ 30 s, 57 ℃ 30 s, 72 ℃ 30 s) 循环反应28次, 最后72 ℃恒温延伸10 min, 并置于4 ℃中保存。
PCR产物检测及结果判读  在试纸条的样品吸收垫上滴加5~10 μL核酸扩增产物, 将试纸条吸收垫向下插入到含有90 μL样品缓冲液的圆形离心管中, 3~5 min观察检测结果。在试纸条的结果判读区, 质控线(C线) 和检测线(T线) 均显示红色, 提示检测结果为阳性; 只出现C线为红色, 提示检测结果为阴性。
制备阳性标准对照品  通过建立的反应体系进行扩增, 获得的PCR产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳, 利用紫外分析仪观测并切下明亮目的条带, 之后使用凝胶回收试剂盒进行胶回收。T载体连接试剂盒被用于目的DNA片段的连接, 随后将目的片段转入DH5α感受态细胞中扩增培养。取菌液缓慢涂平板, 过夜培养温度设置为37 ℃。次日, 筛选并挑取白色菌落转入LB液体培养基中, 继续过夜培养。将菌液用质粒小提试剂盒进行提取, 通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测是否有目的条带出现。基于以上结果, 选择条带清晰、明亮的质粒送至生工(长春) 生物工程公司进行测序, 测序结果利用NCBI在线网站进行序列比对分析。
PCR-核酸试纸条检测方法的评价
特异性检测  将中药材平贝母标准品、阳性对照品和伪品进行PCR扩增, 使用一次性核酸检测试纸条验证标记引物的特异性。
灵敏性检测  将平贝母DNA模板浓度分别稀释为100、10、1、0.1、0.01、0.001 ng·μL-1, PCR扩增后的产物经PCR-核酸试纸条检测, 并利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳验证试验结果。
重复性检测  由实验室的不同人员, 对相同的实验按照建立的反应体系进行特异性PCR扩增, 检测核酸试纸条检测结果的重复性, 并用琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果进行验证。
市售样品检测  使用本实验建立的PCR扩增条件对16份市售样品进行检测, 琼脂糖凝胶电泳和PCR-核酸试纸条共同验证结果, 并进行序列比对分析, 检测市售平贝母的合格率。
用通用引物ITSF、ITSR对样品进行PCR扩增, 所有样品均能在约500 bp处扩增出条带, 说明提取的DNA质量符合要求。
实验发现, 退火温度会影响特异性引物的扩增效率。结果显示, 该特异性引物在53~56 ℃的退火温度下, 均能够完成特异性扩增, 57 ℃时扩增效率受到明显影响, 在60 ℃不能完成目的序列的特异性扩增, 使得试纸条无法检测到阳性产物(图 1A)。
实验发现, 循环次数会影响特异性引物的扩增效率。结果显示: 在28个循环及30个循环条件下, 均能完成特异性扩增。为了节省实验时间, 该实验将PCR反应的循环次数确定为28个循环(图 1B)。
实验发现, 引物用量会影响特异性引物的扩增效率。结果显示: 引物用量在0.4~1.2 μL时, 均能完成特异性扩增, 0.6 μL时扩增效率受到明显影响, 因此, 将PCR反应的引物用量确定为0.6 μL (图 1C)。
实验发现, 模板用量会影响特异性引物的扩增效率。结果显示: 模板用量在0.2~1.2 μL时, 均能完成特异性扩增, 1 μL时扩增效率受到明显影响, 因此, 将PCR反应的模板用量确定为1 μL (图 1D)。
DNA样品经过分子克隆筛选, 挑取白色菌落进行继续培养。质粒经PCR扩增后, 在254 bp处可见目的条带, 与预期结果一致。测序结果运用Blast与靶序列比对分析, 与平贝母ITS2序列同源性达99%。表明设计的平贝母引物特异性强, 更进一步验证了PCR扩增特异性基因片段序列的准确性。将平贝母质粒DNA溶液作为阳性对照液, 确保检测结果的准确性。
按照建立的反应体系和条件进行PCR扩增, 只有中药材平贝母标准品和阳性对照品在254 bp处扩增出单一明亮的条带, 而伪品和空白对照均无条带出现。将PCR产物滴加在试纸条上, PCR-核酸试纸条显示平贝母标准品和阳性对照品可见T、C线2条红色条带, 而伪品和空白只见C线1条红色条带, 试纸条和电泳结果一致(图 2), 说明引物的特异性良好。
PCR-核酸试纸条结果显示, 在模板DNA浓度低至0.1 ng·μL-1仍可见T、C线, 而电泳结果在1 ng·μL-1时有微弱的条带, 表明构建的PCR-核酸试纸条的灵敏度至少高于琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测的10倍。
中药平贝母标准品和阳性对照品均在254 bp处扩增出目的条带, 混伪品及空白对照均无条带出现。平贝母标准品和阳性对照品均在C线和T线出现2条红色条带, 混伪品和空白对照均出现C线1条红色条带, 3组重复性检测的试纸条结果与电泳结果均一致, 表明本研究方法的重复性良好。
对16份市售样品进行检测, 核酸试纸条结果显示正品11个, 伪品5个, 与琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果完全一致(图 3), 同时采用通用引物进行扩增测序, 其与鉴定结果一致。
中药材的快速检测对临床用药及公众健康至关重要, 近年来, 分子生物学的高速发展为中药材检测提供了新方向, 与传统检测方法相比较, 基于遗传物质为标记的分子检测技术拥有众多优势[15]。其PCR扩增产物的检测方法也在不断改进和优化, 与传统琼脂糖凝胶电泳不同, 一次性PCR-核酸检测试纸条因其具有低成本、简便、迅速、无毒、可视化等优点, 可用于核酸扩增产物的检测, 逐渐被用于细菌、病毒、真菌毒素[16]等检测。例如, 通过重组酶介导核酸等温扩增[17]、设计引物探针[18]、结合交叉引物扩增[19]、单板等温交叉引物扩增[20]等与PCR-核酸试纸条相结合的模式可快速检出日本血吸虫特异性基因片段、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2) 及鉴别不同种类药材, 表明此方法可用于中药材的真伪鉴定。核酸试纸条基于免疫金标抗体、引物标记、生物素信号放大等原理, 检测中液体样品向一定方向侧流, 样品中带有免疫标记引物所扩增的目的基因, 能够与核酸试纸条T线、C线上特异性的免疫标记物结合, 而使T线、C线均能产生阳性反应[21-23]。与传统PCR产物检测方法如琼脂糖凝胶电泳相比较, 具有更加快速、便捷、无污染等优点, 且检测结果可视化, 对操作人员无需较高技术要求, 可广泛适用于基层单位对中药材的真伪鉴定。
平贝母作为药用价值较高的中药材, 对其的检测尤为重要。本研究旨在建立一种快速、可视化的方法检测平贝母, 通过比对分析平贝母和混伪品ITS2序列, 设计平贝母特异性鉴别引物, 优化反应体系和反应条件, 将产物滴加在试纸条上, 实现3~5 min即可甄别平贝母真伪。建立的DNA提取、PCR扩增、产物检测等3个模块, 只需操作者将提取的样品DNA加入PCR反应体系, 扩增产物直接滴加在核酸试纸条上, 即可观测结果, 通过结果发现, 核酸试纸条比琼脂糖凝胶电泳的灵敏度至少高于10倍。其特异性为100%, 最低检出限为0.1 ng·μL-1, 对16个市售样品进行检测, 结果表明, 合格率为68.75%, 但在实验中离不开PCR和电泳技术, 使基层鉴定时需要专业的仪器设备, 难以实现自动化检测, 在实验中发现, 仅通过一条特异性引物扩增, 无法实现平贝母种内变异的鉴定, 同时, 对于更多近缘物种可能会影响结果, 还需要进一步研究。构建的PCR-核酸试纸条灵敏度较高、操作简单、结果可实现可视化, 可广泛适用于基层单位、海关、执法部门现场快速检测, 可为严厉打击中药市场掺假、造假提供技术支撑。
作者贡献: 马玉贺负责课题设计、实验实施和文章撰写; 商聪慧、马秋贺、李涛负责药材的采集、提取和数据的核实; 刘悦、潘蓓珍负责稿件修订; 高丽君、李明成负责技术指导; 夏薇、曲永梅负责修改论文。
利益冲突: 本文不存在任何利益冲突。
  • 吉林省医药健康产业发展专项资助(20230401096YY)
  • 北华大学研究生创新计划项目资助(研创合字[2022] 057号)
  • 吉林省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310201140)
  • 吉林省科技厅重点科技成果转化项目资助(20170307001YY)
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2024年第59卷第6期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1355
  • 接收时间:2023-12-02
  • 首发时间:2025-11-26
  • 出版时间:2024-06-12
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-02
  • 修回日期:2024-02-28
基金
吉林省医药健康产业发展专项资助(20230401096YY)
北华大学研究生创新计划项目资助(研创合字[2022] 057号)
吉林省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310201140)
吉林省科技厅重点科技成果转化项目资助(20170307001YY)
作者信息
    1.北华大学医学技术学院, 吉林 吉林 132013
    2.吉林省中药DNA指纹检测技术科技创新中心, 吉林 吉林 132013
    3.吉林国安药业有限公司, 吉林 吉林 132013

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*高丽君, Tel: 18604498547, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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