Article(id=1200500168949887040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1200500165426672625, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1268, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1699459200000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-09, revisedDate=1704988800000, revisedDateStr=2024-01-12, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764151144492, onlineDateStr=2025-11-26, pubDate=1718121600000, pubDateStr=2024-06-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764151144492, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764151144492, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764151144492, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200500165426672625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2024', volume='59', issue='6', pageStart='1509', pageEnd='1896', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764151143651, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764225143180, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200810542001680840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1200500165426672625, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200810542001680841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1200500165426672625, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1730, endPage=1740, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200500172334690532, articleId=1200500168949887040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Study of phenylpropanoids from Tripterygium hypoglaucum, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This paper aimed to study phenylpropanoids of Tripterygium hypoglaucum. Twenty-four compounds were isolated from the 70% EtOH extracts of T. hypoglaucum by silica gel column chromatography, reversed phase column chromatography, gel column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Compounds 1-3 were three new phenylpropionds. Their structures were identified by ultraviolet spectrum, infrared spectroscopy, high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance data as: threo-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenoxy)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3-propanedol (1), erythro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenoxy)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3-propanediol (2), erythro-3-(4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxypropane-1, 2-propanediol (3). Compounds 4-6, 9, 14, 15, 18, 19, and 21-24 were obtained from Tripterygium genus for the first time. The cytotoxicity assay of cancer cells suggested that compound 20 displayed cytotoxicity on the breast cancer 4T1 cells whose 50% inhibitory concentration was 125.60 μmol·L-1.

, correspAuthors=Xing-long CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhi-qi LIN, Hong-bo ZHU, Tang ZHOU, Ji WANG, Rong-ping ZHANG, Xing-long CHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1200500174956130633, articleId=1200500168949887040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=昆明山海棠的苯丙素类成分研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文对昆明山海棠的苯丙素类成分进行研究, 采用硅胶柱色谱、反相柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱以及半制备高效液相色谱等分离纯化手段, 从昆明山海棠的70%乙醇提取物中分离获得24个化合物。化合物1~3为苯丙素类新化合物, 结合紫外光谱、红外光谱、高分辨质谱和核磁共振波谱等结构鉴定方法, 将其鉴定为: 苏式-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯氧基)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1, 3-丙二醇(1)、赤式-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯氧基)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1, 3-丙二醇(2)、赤式-3-(4-羟基-3, 5-二甲氧基苯基)-3-乙氧基-1, 2-丙二醇(3)。化合物4~691415181921~24为首次从雷公藤属植物中分离得到。生物学活性研究表明化合物20在50 μmol·L-1下对4T1乳腺癌细胞表现出抑制作用, 测得其半数抑制浓度为125.60 μmol·L-1

, correspAuthors=陈兴龙, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*陈兴龙, Tel: 86-871-65922812, E-mail:
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The cell viability rates of compound 20 on 4T1 cell (A); IC50 calculation of compound 20 on 4T1 cell (B). n = 3, x±s. *P < 0.05 vs control

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No.1a2a3b
δH (J in Hz)δCδH (J in Hz)δCδH (J in Hz)δC
1-131.5 (s)-131.7 (s)-131.5 (s)
26.98, d (1.6)109.4 (d)6.96, d (1.6)108.9 (d)6.63, s105.6 (d)
3-146.6 (s)-146.6 (s)-
4-145.5 (s)-145.0 (s)-136.3 (s)
56.90, d (8.8)114.3 (d)6.88, d (8.8)114.2 (d)-149.3 (s)
66.93, dd (8.8, 1.6)120.3 (d)6.81, dd (8.8, 1.6)118.9 (d)6.63, s105.6 (d)
74.95, d (8.0)74.0 (d)4.96, d (4.0)72.6 (d)4.17, d (6.6)83.8 (d)
83.86, m90.1 (d)4.01, m88.2 (d)3.70, m77.1 (d)
93.44, m61.0 (t)3.45, m60.6 (t)3.57, dd (11.4, 6.6)63.9 (t)
3.60, m3.64, m3.68, dd (11.4, 3.6)
1′-141.2 (s)-140.5 (s)3.35, d (6.6)65.3 (t)
2′6.49, d (2.4)100.5 (d)6.49, d (2.4)100.5 (d)1.15, t (7.2)15.6 (q)
3′-152.2 (s)-152.5 (s)
4′-152.5 (s)-152.5 (s)
5′6.97, d (8.8)122.2 (d)6.83, d (8.8)122.2 (d)
6′6.36, dd (8.8, 3.2)107.3 (d)6.36, dd (8.8, 3.2)107.3 (d)
3-OCH33.90, s55.9 (q)3.87, s55.9 (q)3.84, s56.7 (q)
5-OCH33.84, s56.7 (q)
3′-OCH33.89, s56.0 (q)3.87, s56.0 (q)
), ArticleFig(id=1201118436593198050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1200500168949887040, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

The 1H NMR and 13C NMR data of compounds 1-3. aδH (800 MHz) and δC (200 MHz) measured in CDCl3; bδH (600 MHz) and δC (150 MHz) measured in CD3OD

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No.1a2a3b
δH (J in Hz)δCδH (J in Hz)δCδH (J in Hz)δC
1-131.5 (s)-131.7 (s)-131.5 (s)
26.98, d (1.6)109.4 (d)6.96, d (1.6)108.9 (d)6.63, s105.6 (d)
3-146.6 (s)-146.6 (s)-
4-145.5 (s)-145.0 (s)-136.3 (s)
56.90, d (8.8)114.3 (d)6.88, d (8.8)114.2 (d)-149.3 (s)
66.93, dd (8.8, 1.6)120.3 (d)6.81, dd (8.8, 1.6)118.9 (d)6.63, s105.6 (d)
74.95, d (8.0)74.0 (d)4.96, d (4.0)72.6 (d)4.17, d (6.6)83.8 (d)
83.86, m90.1 (d)4.01, m88.2 (d)3.70, m77.1 (d)
93.44, m61.0 (t)3.45, m60.6 (t)3.57, dd (11.4, 6.6)63.9 (t)
3.60, m3.64, m3.68, dd (11.4, 3.6)
1′-141.2 (s)-140.5 (s)3.35, d (6.6)65.3 (t)
2′6.49, d (2.4)100.5 (d)6.49, d (2.4)100.5 (d)1.15, t (7.2)15.6 (q)
3′-152.2 (s)-152.5 (s)
4′-152.5 (s)-152.5 (s)
5′6.97, d (8.8)122.2 (d)6.83, d (8.8)122.2 (d)
6′6.36, dd (8.8, 3.2)107.3 (d)6.36, dd (8.8, 3.2)107.3 (d)
3-OCH33.90, s55.9 (q)3.87, s55.9 (q)3.84, s56.7 (q)
5-OCH33.84, s56.7 (q)
3′-OCH33.89, s56.0 (q)3.87, s56.0 (q)
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昆明山海棠的苯丙素类成分研究
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林芷淇 , 朱红波 , 周堂 , 王吉 , 张荣平 , 陈兴龙 *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2024,59(6): 1730-1740
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2024, 59(6): 1730-1740
昆明山海棠的苯丙素类成分研究
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林芷淇, 朱红波, 周堂, 王吉, 张荣平, 陈兴龙*
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  • 云南中医药大学中药学院暨云南省南药可持续利用研究重点实验室, 云南 昆明 650500

通讯作者:

*陈兴龙, Tel: 86-871-65922812, E-mail:
Study of phenylpropanoids from Tripterygium hypoglaucum
Zhi-qi LIN, Hong-bo ZHU, Tang ZHOU, Ji WANG, Rong-ping ZHANG, Xing-long CHEN*
Affiliations
  • School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
出版时间: 2024-06-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1268
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本文对昆明山海棠的苯丙素类成分进行研究, 采用硅胶柱色谱、反相柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱以及半制备高效液相色谱等分离纯化手段, 从昆明山海棠的70%乙醇提取物中分离获得24个化合物。化合物1~3为苯丙素类新化合物, 结合紫外光谱、红外光谱、高分辨质谱和核磁共振波谱等结构鉴定方法, 将其鉴定为: 苏式-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯氧基)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1, 3-丙二醇(1)、赤式-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯氧基)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1, 3-丙二醇(2)、赤式-3-(4-羟基-3, 5-二甲氧基苯基)-3-乙氧基-1, 2-丙二醇(3)。化合物4~691415181921~24为首次从雷公藤属植物中分离得到。生物学活性研究表明化合物20在50 μmol·L-1下对4T1乳腺癌细胞表现出抑制作用, 测得其半数抑制浓度为125.60 μmol·L-1

昆明山海棠  /  化学成分  /  苯丙素  /  木脂素  /  细胞毒性

This paper aimed to study phenylpropanoids of Tripterygium hypoglaucum. Twenty-four compounds were isolated from the 70% EtOH extracts of T. hypoglaucum by silica gel column chromatography, reversed phase column chromatography, gel column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Compounds 1-3 were three new phenylpropionds. Their structures were identified by ultraviolet spectrum, infrared spectroscopy, high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance data as: threo-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenoxy)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3-propanedol (1), erythro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenoxy)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1, 3-propanediol (2), erythro-3-(4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxypropane-1, 2-propanediol (3). Compounds 4-6, 9, 14, 15, 18, 19, and 21-24 were obtained from Tripterygium genus for the first time. The cytotoxicity assay of cancer cells suggested that compound 20 displayed cytotoxicity on the breast cancer 4T1 cells whose 50% inhibitory concentration was 125.60 μmol·L-1.

Tripterygium hypoglaucum  /  chemical constituent  /  phenylpropanoid  /  lignan  /  cytotoxicity
林芷淇, 朱红波, 周堂, 王吉, 张荣平, 陈兴龙. 昆明山海棠的苯丙素类成分研究. 药学学报, 2024 , 59 (6) : 1730 -1740 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1268
Zhi-qi LIN, Hong-bo ZHU, Tang ZHOU, Ji WANG, Rong-ping ZHANG, Xing-long CHEN. Study of phenylpropanoids from Tripterygium hypoglaucum[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2024 , 59 (6) : 1730 -1740 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1268
苯丙素是植物常见的一类次生代谢产物, 以C6-C3碳骨架为核心结构, 因其具有低毒性和良好的生物活性备受关注。苯丙素类化合物包括简单苯丙素类、木脂素、香豆素等多种亚型[1]。其结构类型多样, 生物活性广泛, 主要有抗肿瘤[2]、神经保护[3]、抗氧化[4]等多方面生物活性, 其中以抗肿瘤效果最为显著, 如木脂素类成分鬼臼毒素抗肿瘤作用明显, 以其为先导化合物, 结构修饰改造得到抗肿瘤药物依托泊苷[5]
昆明山海棠[Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch] 是卫矛科雷公藤属植物, 入药部位为干燥的地下部分, 广泛分布于云南、贵州、四川等我国西南地区, 用于治疗风湿性关节炎症、类风湿关节炎和红斑狼疮等自身免疫性疾病[6], 含有多种化学成分[7]。本课题组长期致力于研究昆明山海棠的化学成分及生物活性, 发现昆明山海棠含有二萜和三萜类成分, 这些萜类成分具有良好的抗炎和抗肿瘤作用[8,9]。萜类成分主要位于昆明山海棠提取物的小极性流分, 随着对昆明山海棠研究的深入, 发现其大极性部分含有苯丙素类成分, 该类成分在昆明山海棠中报道较少。
为了进一步揭示昆明山海棠的药效物质基础, 本研究利用现代色谱分离技术及光谱鉴定手段对昆明山海棠乙醇提取物分段后的大极性部位进行深入研究, 从中分离得到24个苯丙素类化合物, 包括3个新化合物以及12个首次从雷公藤属植物分离得到的化合物(图 1)。利用4T1乳腺癌细胞、SW1990胰腺癌细胞和SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞等细胞株研究了这些化合物的细胞毒性, 发现化合物20对4T1乳腺癌细胞具有一定的抑制作用, 并测定其IC50。本文报道了这些化合物的分离纯化、结构鉴定过程以及肿瘤细胞毒性筛选结果。
化合物1为无色油状物, [α]D25.6 = + 2.43 (c 0.080, CH3OH); 紫外光谱在203和221 nm显示有苯环的特征吸收信号; 红外光谱中显示有酚羟基(3 426 cm-1) 和甲基(2 936 cm-1) 的特征吸收峰, 由HR-ESI-MS测得m/z 359.111 7 [M+Na]+ (计算值为359.110 1) 确定分子式为C17H20O7, 不饱和度为8。1H NMR谱表明, 低场区有2组1, 2, 4-三取代芳香环质子信号, 分别为δH 6.98 (1H, d, J = 1.6, H-2), δH 6.93 (1H, dd, J = 8.8, 1.6, H-6), δH 6.90 (1H, d, J = 8.8, H-5) 和δH 6.97 (1H, d, J = 8.8, H-5′), δH 6.49 (1H, d, J = 2.4, H-2′), 6.36 (1H, dd, J = 8.8, 3.2, H-6′), 高场区显示1组连氧亚甲基信号3.60 (1H, d, m, H-9b), δH 3.44 (1H, m, H-9a), 2个连氧次甲基信号δH 4.95 (1H, d, J = 8.0, H-7), 3.86 (1H, m, H-8), 2个甲氧基信号δH 3.90 (3H, s), 3.89 (3H, s) (表 1)。13C NMR显示有17个碳, 分别为位于δC 55.9和56.0处的2个甲基, 位于δC 61.0处的1个亚甲基, 位于δC 74.0, 90.1, 100.5, 107.3, 109.4, 114.3, 120.3和122.2处的8个次甲基, 位于δC 131.5, 141.2, 145.5, 146.6, 152.2和152.5的6个季碳。HMBC谱提示H-6与C-2、C-4有相关性, H-2与C-4有相关性, 甲氧基氢信号(δH 3.90) 与C-3有相关性, 并且H-5与H-6在1H-1H COSY谱显示有相关性, 表明其中含有4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基(图 2)。同理, 根据H-5′与C-1′/C-3′/C-4′, H-2′与C-4′, 甲氧基氢信号(δH 3.89) 与C-3′有HMBC相关性, H-5′与H-6′有COSY相关性, 可推断存在另一个4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基。根据H-7与C-1/C-2/C-6/C-9的HMBC相关性, 以及在COSY谱中H-7/H-8/H-9相关, 可得知片段4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基与C-7位连接形成4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基甘油部分。H-8和C-1′的高强度HMBC相关性表明另一片段4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基通过C-1′位与C-8位通过醚键相连。综上所述, 确定了化合物1的平面结构为2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯氧基)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1, 3-丙二醇。
化合物2与化合物1为同分异构体, 其核磁数据与化合物1仅在C-6、C-7和C-8位置存在差异, 表现为H-7的耦合常数较小, 为4.0 Hz, C-6、C-7和C-8的化学位移均向高场区移动了2 ppm左右, 核磁谱图二维相关与化合物1一致, 说明二者具有相同的平面结构。
化合物12含有甘油基, C-7和C-8位具有赤式(erythro) 和苏式(threo) 两种异构形式, 推断化合物12可能为甘油基异构产生的赤式或苏式异构体。甘油基的赤式和苏式异构形式可根据H-7的耦合常数进行判断, 苏式化合物H-7的耦合常数为7~9 Hz, 而赤式化合物H-7的耦合常数为2~5 Hz[10-12]。化合物1中, H-7的耦合常数为8.0 Hz, 由此确定该化合物的甘油基构型为苏式。在化合物2中, H-7的耦合常数为4.0 Hz, 由此确定该化合物的构型为赤式。经数据库检索, 可查询到化合物12的检索结果[13-16], 但仅有一篇文献[13]给出平面结构, 未确定构型, 其他文献[14-16]为相似结构的错误引用。因此, 鉴定化合物12为新化合物, 并将化合物1命名为苏式-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯氧基)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1, 3-丙二醇, 化合物2命名为赤式-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯氧基)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1, 3-丙二醇。
化合物3为无色油状物, [α]D25.6 = -5.00 (c 0.10, CH3OH); 紫外光谱在206 nm处显示最大吸收峰, 表示化合物可能含有苯环; 红外谱图显示有羟基(3 431 cm-1) 和苯环(1 663、1 613、1 517 cm-1) 的吸收峰。HR-ESI-MS测得m/z 295.113 9 [M+Na]+ (计算值为295.115 2) 确定分子式为C13H20O6, 有4个不饱和度。1H NMR谱在低场区给出2个芳香质子信号δH 6.63 (2H, s, H-2, 6), 2组连氧亚甲基信号δH 3.68 (1H, dd, J = 11.4, 3.6, H-9b), δH 3.57 (1H, dd, J = 11.4, 6.6, H-9a), δH 3.35 (2H, d, J = 6.6, H-1′), 2个连氧次甲基信号δH 4.17 (1H, d, J = 6.6, H-7), δH 3.70 (1H, m, H-8), 2个甲氧基信号δH 3.84 (6H, s, H-OCH3) (表 1)。高场区显示位于δH 1.15 (3H, t, J = 7.2, H-2′) 的一个甲基信号。13C NMR谱显示有13个碳信号, 分别为位于δC 56.7×2和15.6处的3个甲基, 位于δC 65.3和64.4处的2个亚甲基, 位于δC 106.1, 84.1和76.3处的3个次甲基以及位于δC 149.1×2, 131.3和136.2处的4个季碳。综合分析化合物3的核磁氢谱和碳谱数据, 表明该化合物具有对称的1, 3, 4, 5-四取代苯环的结构。HMBC谱甲氧基氢信号和C-3/C-5具有相关性, 提示两个甲氧基分别位于C-3和C-5位(图 2)。高场区甲基氢信号δH 1.15 (H-2′) 与低场区连氧亚甲基氢信号δH 3.35 (H-1′) 具有COSY相关性, H7、H-8和H9具有COSY相关性, H-1′与C-7具有HMBC相关性, H-9和C-2/C-6具有相关性, 说明苯环C-1位上连有一个由C-7、C-8和C-9组成的甘油基侧链, 且C-7有乙氧基取代。综合以上信息, 确定化合物3的平面结构为3-(4-羟基-3, 5-二甲氧基苯基)-3-乙氧基-1, 2-丙二醇, 与化合物4相同, 二者核磁数据仅在C-7和C-8位置存在差异。化合物34在薄层色谱中不同位置显示斑点, 在高效液相色谱分析中保留时间存在差异, 由此确定二者为不同化合物。简单苯丙素类化合物的构型可根据其碳谱中的C-7和C-8的化学位移差值来判断其构型为赤式或苏式。苏式化合物的C-7和C-8的化学位移差值总是大于赤式化合物的化学位移[17], 化合物3 C-7和C-8的化学位移差值为6.7 ppm, 化合物4 C-7和C-8的化学位移差值为7.8 ppm, 由此确定化合物3的C-7和C-8位构型为赤式, 化合物4的C-7和C-8位的构型为苏式。经数据库检索, 鉴定化合物3为新化合物, 并将其命名为赤式-3-(4-羟基-3, 5-二甲氧基苯基)-3-乙氧基-1, 2-丙二醇。
采用CCK-8法测试化合物1~24对SW1990胰腺癌细胞、4T1乳腺癌细胞以及SH-SY5Y人神经母细胞瘤细胞的毒性, 发现化合物20在50 μmol·L-1浓度下对4T1乳腺癌细胞有一定程度的抑制作用。进一步测试化合物20在多个浓度下对4T1乳腺癌细胞的毒性, 发现其呈剂量依赖性, 在高浓度下呈现较强的抑制4T1乳腺癌细胞生长的活性, 测得其IC50为125.60 μmol·L-1 (图 3), 阳性对照为紫杉醇, 其IC50为44.45 μmol·L-1
昆明山海棠为我国民间常用药, 历史悠久, 具有祛风除湿、舒筋活络、清热解毒等多种功效, 常用于治疗类风湿关节炎、红斑狼疮等多种自身免疫性疾病[6]。本课题组前期研究发现昆明山海棠中含有多种具有显著抗肿瘤活性的化学成分, 具有较高的研究价值[8,9]。乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一, 在所有女性新发肿瘤病例中排名第一, 具有预后差、易转移的特点, 目前临床上使用的抗肿瘤药物对乳腺癌的治疗效果不佳, 预后较差, 亟需开发新的药物对其进行有效治疗[18]。天然产物在抗肿瘤药物研发中占有重要地位, 很多天然产物及其衍生物, 如以鬼臼毒素作为先导化合物研发的依托泊苷已经成功应用于治疗肿瘤[5]。从天然产物中寻求具有良好抗癌活性的化合物, 有望开发成治疗乳腺癌的新药。本研究从昆明山海棠中分离并鉴定了24个化合物, 包括17个木脂素类化合物和7个简单苯丙素类化合物, 其中化合物12为8-O-4′型新木脂素类新化合物, 化合物3为简单苯丙素类新化合物, 化合物4~691415181921~24为首次从雷公藤属植物中获得, 丰富了雷公藤属植物的化学成分。化合物20在50 μmol·L-1浓度下对4T1人乳腺癌细胞有一定的抑制作用且呈剂量依赖性, 其IC50值为125.60 μmol·L-1。因此, 本课题组将进一步研究化合物20的抗乳腺癌作用及其机制。同时, 针对昆明山海棠进行深入研究, 寻找开发其他具有抗肿瘤作用的活性成分。
昆明山海棠于2019年1月购买自云南省昆明市螺蛳湾药材市场, 经云南中医药大学中药学院张荣平教授鉴定为卫矛科植物昆明山海棠[Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch] 的干燥根茎, 样品编号(No.2019-0115), 保存于云南中医药大学中药学院暨云南省南药可持续利用研究重点实验室。
高分辨率质谱用LC-MS-Q-TOF (安捷伦科技有限公司) 仪器测定; 紫外光谱用UV-2401型紫外光谱仪(日本Shimadzu公司) 测定; 红外光谱NICOLET iS10型红外光谱仪[赛默飞世尔科技(中国) 有限公司] 测定; 旋光用Jascomodel 1020旋光仪(日本Horiba公司) 测定; 核磁共振用Bruker AV 600/800型核磁共振波谱仪[布鲁克(北京) 科技有限公司] 测定; NU3000 serials制备型高压液相色谱仪(江苏汉邦科技有限公司) 用于化合物分离纯化。色谱填料及色谱柱为: MCI CHP-20P GEL (日本三菱化学公司)、Sephadex LH-20 (瑞典Pharmacia公司); Basic C18色谱柱(250 mm × 10 mm, 5 μm, 日本YMC公司)。EnSpire型酶标仪(新加坡PerkinElmer公司); Thermo Forma 3310型二氧化碳培养箱(美国Thermo Forma公司); DMEM培养基购自北京伊诺凯有限公司; FBS胎牛血清购自上海逍鹏生物科技有限公司; 青霉素、链霉素购自美国Sigma Aldrich公司; 紫杉醇购自成都德思特公司; CCK-8检测试剂盒购自上海泰坦科技股份有限公司; 4T1乳腺癌细胞、SW1990胰腺癌细胞和SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞来自武汉普诺塞尔公司。氘代试剂购自北京伊诺凯有限公司; 色谱纯乙腈购自德国默克公司; 薄层色谱硅胶板和柱色谱硅胶购自上海皓鸿生物医药科技有限公司; 常用有机试剂为国产AR级试剂购自云南利妍科技有限公司; 显色方法为10%硫酸-乙醇溶液加热后显色。
20.0 kg干燥的昆明山海棠根茎粉碎后以100 L 90%乙醇室温浸泡24 h, 回流提取2 h, 共3次, 合并三次提取液并浓缩, 以等体积水分散, 用两倍量乙酸乙酯萃取, 共三次, 将其合并得乙酸乙酯部位。乙酸乙酯部位200.0 g, 经硅胶柱色谱(2.0 kg, 10 cm × 35 cm, 氯仿-甲醇90∶10→60∶40) 洗脱获得7个流分Fr.1~Fr.7。
Fr.4 (50.0 g) 经硅胶柱色谱分离(500 g, 4 cm × 60 cm, 氯仿-丙酮100∶10→60∶40), 洗脱得到9个流分Fr.4-1~Fr.4-9; 其中Fr.4-9 (2.0 g) 再次硅胶柱色谱分离(18 g, 1.5 cm × 30 cm, 石油醚-丙酮80∶20→60∶40), 洗脱得到5个流分Fr.4-9-1~Fr.4-9-5。Fr.4-9-1 (0.1 g) 通过制备薄层进一步分离纯化(氯仿-乙酸乙酯, 50∶50) 得到化合物10 (16.7 mg) 和化合物11 (23.2 mg); Fr.4-9-2 (0.3 g) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱分离得到化合物8 (68.5 mg); Fr.4-9-3 (52.4 mg) 通过制备薄层进一步分离纯化(石油醚-乙酸乙酯, 60∶40), 得到化合物6 (6.1 mg); Fr.4-9-4 (95.2 mg) 经半制备型高效液相分离得到化合物7 (6.0 mg, tR = 29.1 min) 和化合物19 (4.5 mg, tR = 31.3 min); Fr.4-9-5 (48.3 mg) 经半制备型高效液相得到化合物18 (14.0 mg, tR = 25.0 min)。
Fr.5 (30.2 g) 进行中压MCI gel CHP 20P柱色谱分离(200 g, 5 cm × 50 cm), 采用水-甲醇梯度洗脱(90∶10→10∶90), 共得到7个流分Fr.5-1~Fr.5-7; 其中Fr.5-4 (1.9 g) 再经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和制备型高效液相色谱相分离得到化合物17 (32.5 mg)。Fr.5-5 (2.5 g) 经硅胶柱色谱(25 g, 2 cm × 30 cm, 氯仿-甲醇90∶10→60∶40), 洗脱得到3个流分Fr.5-5-1~Fr.5-5-3; Fr.5-5-1 (0.9 g) 再经硅胶柱色谱(9 g, 2 cm × 15 cm, 氯仿-乙酸乙酯70∶30→50∶50), 洗脱得到2个流分Fr.5-5-1-1~Fr.5-5-1-2; Fr. 5-5-1-1 (0.1 g) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱分离得到化合物22 (12.3 mg); Fr. 5-5-1-2 (0.2 g) 经半制备型高效液相得到化合物1 (16.0 mg, tR = 25.2 min) 和化合物2 (14.0 mg, tR = 26.3 min)。Fr.5-5-2 (0.5 g) 再经硅胶柱色谱(5 g, 2 cm × 15 cm, 氯仿-乙酸乙酯70∶30→ 50∶50), 洗脱得到2个流分Fr.5-5-2-1~Fr.5-5-2-2。Fr.5-5-2-2-1 (0.3 g)通过制备薄层进一步分离纯化(氯仿-丙酮, 60∶40) 得到化合物12 (7.0 mg)、13 (6.0 mg)、14 (8.0 mg)。Fr.5-5-2-2-2经半制备型高效液相得到化合物15 (6.0 mg, tR = 25.0 min)。Fr.5-5-3 (56.0 mg) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和制备型高效液相色谱相分离得到化合物3 (5.0 mg) 和化合物4 (9.0 mg)。Fr.5-7 (1.3 g) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱分离得到化合物5 (50.0 mg)。
Fr.7 (18.1 g) 经硅胶柱色谱(180 g, 2 cm × 45 cm, 乙酸乙酯-丙酮90∶10→70∶30) 洗脱共得到5个流分Fr.7-1~Fr.7-5; 其中Fr.7-3 (3.0 g) 通过Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱(220 g, 2.5 cm × 190 cm, 甲醇) 分离; 再通过制备薄层进一步分离纯化(石油醚-乙酸乙酯, 50∶50) 得到化合物9 (6.0 mg)。Fr.7-4 (45.2 g) 进行中压MCI gel CHP 20P柱色谱分离(200 g, 5 cm × 50 cm), 采用水-甲醇梯度洗脱(90∶10→ 10∶90), 得到4个流分Fr.7-4-1~Fr.7-4-4。Fr.7-4-1 (0.2 g) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和制备型高效液相色谱相分离得到化合物20 (10.0 mg) 和化合物21 (9.0 mg)。Fr.7-4-2 (2.0 g) 经硅胶柱色谱(20 g, 2 cm × 30 cm, 氯仿-乙酸乙酯80∶20→60∶40), 洗脱得到3个流分Fr.7-4-2-1~Fr.7-4-2-3。Fr.7-4-2-1 (92.0 mg) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱中分离得到化合物16 (5.1 mg)。Fr.7-4-2-3 (83.0 mg) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和制备型高效液相色谱相分离得到化合物23 (7.9 mg) 和化合物24 (12.0 mg)。
化合物1 无色油状物, [α]D25.6 = +2.43 (c 0.080, CH3OH); UV (CH3OH) λmax (log ε) 203 (4.50), 221 (4.53) nm; IR (KBr) νmax 3 426, 2 936, 1 732, 1 606, 1 512, 1 456, 1 435, 1 277, 1 213, 1 158, 1 126, 1 029 cm-1; HR-ESI-MS m/z 359.111 7 [M+Na]+ (计算值为359.110 1); 1H NMR (800 MHz) 和13C NMR (200 MHz) 数据见表 1
化合物2 无色油状物, [α]D25.6 = +1.00 (c 0.100, CH3OH); UV (CH3OH) λmax (log ε) 203 (4.10), 223 (4.14) nm; IR (KBr) νmax 3 434, 2 927, 1 637, 1 616, 1 512, 1 435, 1 278, 1 212, 1 160, 1 124, 1 030 cm-1; HR-ESI-MS m/z 359.111 6 [M+Na]+ (计算值为359.110 1); 1H NMR (800 MHz)、13C NMR (200 MHz) 数据见表 1
化合物3 无色油状物, [α]D25.6 = -5.00 (c 0.10, CH3OH); UV (CH3OH) λmax (log ε) 206 (4.00), 232 (4.05) nm; IR (KBr) νmax 3 431, 2 969, 2 935, 1 663, 1 613, 1 517, 1 462, 1 329, 1 043 cm-1; HR-ESI-MS m/z 295.113 9 [M+Na]+ (计算值为295.115 2); 1H NMR (600 MHz) 和13C NMR (150 MHz) 数据见表 1
化合物4 白色粉末, [α]D20.0 = +40.40 (c 0.10, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 295.113 9 [M+Na]+ (计算值: 295.115 2), 分子式: C13H20O61H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH; 6.53 (2H, s, H-2, 6), 4.11 (1H, d, J = 6.4 Hz, H-7), 3.75 (6H, s, H-OCH3), 3.57 (1H, m, H-8), 3.37 (1H, m, H-9a), 3.33 (1H, m, H-9b), 3.25 (1H, m, H-1′), 1.08 (1H, t, J = 7.0 Hz, H-2′); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 131.3 (s, C-1), 106.1 (d, C-2, 6), 149.1 (s, C-3, 5), 136.2 (s, C-4), 84.1 (d, C-7), 76.3 (d, C-8), 64.4 (d, C-9), 65.3 (t, C-1′), 15.6 (q, C-2′), 56.6 (q, 3, 5-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[19]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为苏式-3-(4-羟基-3, 5-二甲氧基苯基)-3-乙氧基-1, 2-丙二醇。
化合物5 白色无定形粉末, [α]D20.0 = +27.40 (c 0.10, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 265.102 9 [M+Na]+ (计算值: 265.104 6), 分子式: C12H18O51H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.90 (1H, s, H-2), 6.77 (2H, m, H-5, 6), 4.19 (1H, d, J = 6.4 Hz, H-7), 3.87 (3H, s, H-OCH3), 3.72 (1H, m, H-8), 3.65 (1H, dd, J = 11.0, 4.0 Hz, H-9a), 3.50 (1H, dd, J = 11.0, 6.0 Hz, H-9b), 3.35 (1H, m, H-1′), 1.16 (1H, m, H-2′); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 132.1 (s, C-1), 111.8 (d, C-2), 149.1 (s, C-3), 147.5 (s, C-4), 116.0 (d, C-5), 121.4 (d, C-6), 83.6 (d, C-7), 77.1 (d, C-8), 63.9 (d, C-9), 65.2 (t, C-1′), 15.6 (q, C-2′), 54.9 (q, 3-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[20]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(2S, 3R)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-3-乙氧基-1, 2-丙二醇。
化合物6 白色无定形粉末, [α]D20.0 = -20.10 (c 0.20, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 265.102 6 [M+Na]+ (计算值: 265.104 6), 分子式: C12H18O51H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.82 (1H, s, H-2), 6.77 (2H, m, H-5, 6), 4.10 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz, H-7), 3.85 (3H, s, H-OCH3), 3.77 (1H, m, H-8), 3.65 (1H, dd, J = 11.0, 4.0 Hz, H-9a), 3.53 (1H, dd, J = 11.0, 6.0 Hz, H-9b), 3.35 (1H, m, H-1′), 1.16(1H, m, H-2′); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 130.6 (s, C-1), 110.8 (d, C-2), 147.6 (s, C-3), 145.9 (s, C-4), 114.4 (d, C-5), 120.4 (d, C-6), 82.4 (d, C-7), 74.9 (d, C-8), 62.5 (d, C-9), 63.0 (t, C-1′), 14.2 (q, C-2′), 54.9 (q, 3-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[20]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(2R, 3S)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-3-乙氧基-1, 2-丙二醇。
化合物7 白色无定形粉末, HR-ESI-MS m/z 211.062 1 [M-H]- (计算值: 211.061 2), 分子式: C10H12O51H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 7.54 (1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz, H-2), 7.50 (1H, dd, J = 8.4, 1.8 Hz, H-6), 6.99 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz, H-5), 5.10 (1H, dd, J = 5.6, 3.4 Hz, H-8), 4.03 (1H, dd, J = 11.8, 3.4 Hz, H-9a), 3.94 (3H, s, 3-OCH3), 3.72 (1H, dd, J = 11.8, 5.6 Hz, H-9b); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 126.2 (s, C-1), 110.5 (d, C-2), 147.2 (s, C-3), 151.7 (s, C-4), 114.4 (d, C-5), 124.2 (d, C-6), 197.6 (s, C-7), 74.1 (d, C-8), 66.1 (d, C-9), 56.3 (q, 3-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[21]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为C-veratroylglycol。
化合物8 无色油状物, HR-ESI-MS m/z 227.093 4 [M+H]+ (计算值: 227.091 4), 分子式: C11H14O51H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 7.25 (2H, s, H-2, 6), 3.88 (1H, t, J = 6.2 Hz, H-8), 3.84 (6H, s, 3, 5-OCH3), 3.17 (2H, t, J = 6.2 Hz, H-9); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 128.8 (s, C-1), 107.3 (d, C-2, 6), 149.2 (s, C-3, 5), 143.3 (s, C-4), 199.6 (s, C-7), 41.1 (d, C-8), 59.0 (d, C-9), 56.8 (q, 3, 5-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[22]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为3-羟基-1-(4-羟基-3, 5-甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮。
化合物9 白色无定形粉末, HR-ESI-MS m/z 199.096 9 [M+H]+ (计算值: 199.096 5), 分子式: C10H14O41H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.51(2H, s, H-2, 6), 3.83 (6H, s, H-OCH3), 3.74 (2H, t, J = 6.4 Hz, H-8), 3.35 (2H, t, J =6.0 Hz, H-7); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 131.1 (s, C-1), 107.2 (d, C-2, 6), 149.2 (s, C-3, 5), 134.9 (s, C-4), 40.3 (t, C-7), 64.5 (t, C-8), 56.4 (q, 3-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[23]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol。
化合物10 白色无定形粉末, [α]D20.0 = +26.62 (c 0.26, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 383.147 6 [M+Na]+ (计算值: 383.146 5), 分子式: C20H24O61H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.73 (1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz, H-5), 6.68 (1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz, H-2), 6.67 (1H, s, H-5′), 6.62 (1H, dd, J =8.0, 1.9 Hz, H-6), 6.19 (1H, s, H-2′), 3.80 (2H, m, H-9′), 3.77 (3H, s, 3′-OCH3), 3.66 (1H, m, H-9a), 3.41 (1H, dd, J = 11.0, 4.1 Hz, H-7′), 3.39 (3H, s, 3-OCH3), 3.30 (1H, m, H-9′b), 2.78 (2H, d, J = 7.4 Hz, H-7), 1.99 (1H, m, H-8), 1.76 (1H, m, H-8′); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 134.0 (s, C-1), 113.6 (d, C-2), 147.0 (s, C-3), 145.7 (s, C-4), 115.8 (d, C-5), 123.1 (d, C-6), 39.8 (d, C-7), 47.9 (d, C-8), 62.1 (t, C-9), 128.8 (s, C-1′), 112.2 (d, C-2′), 148.8 (s, C-3′), 145.0 (s, C-4′), 117.2 (d, C-5′), 138.4 (s, C-6′), 33.4 (t, C-7′), 39.8 (d, C-8′), 65.8 (t, C-9′), 56.2 (q, 3, 3′-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[24]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(+)-异落叶松树脂酚。
化合物11 白色无定形粉末, [α]D20.0 = -22.50 (c 0.08, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 383.148 5 [M+Na]+ (计算值: 383.146 5), 分子式: C20H24O61H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.73 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-6), 6.68 (1H, s, H-2), 6.67 (1H, s, H-5′), 6.62 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-5), 6.19 (1H, s, H-2′), 3.80 (4H, m, H-9, 9′), 3.77 (3H, s, 3′-OCH3), 3.41 (1H, d, J = 7.4 Hz, H-7), 3.39 (3H, s, 3-OCH3), 2.78 (2H, d, J = 7.4 Hz, H-7′), 1.99 (1H, m, H-8), 1.76 (1H, m, H-8′); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 134.1 (s, C-1), 113.7 (d, C-2), 147.2 (s, C-3), 145.9 (s, C-4), 115.9 (d, C-5), 123.2 (d, C-6), 48.0 (d, C-7), 48.8 (d, C-8), 62.2 (t, C-9), 129.0 (s, C-1′), 112.3 (d, C-2′), 149.0 (s, C-3′), 145.2 (s, C-4′), 117.3 (d, C-5′), 138.6 (s, C-6′), 33.5 (t, C-7′), 39.9 (d, C-8′), 65.9 (t, C-9′), 56.3 (q, 3, 3′-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[25]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(-)-异落叶松树脂酚。
化合物12 白色无定形粉末, [α]D20.0 = +13. 20 (c 0.10, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 389.160 6 [M-H]- (计算值: 389.160 6), 分子式: C21H26O71H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.67 (1H, s, H-2′), 6.45 (2H, s, H-2, 6), 6.22 (1H, s, H-5′), 3.82 (3H, s, 3′-OCH3), 3.80 (6H, s, 3, 5-OCH3), 3.74 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz, H-7), 3.69 (2H, m, H-9′), 3.60 (1H, m, H-9a), 3.40 (1H, dd, J = 11.4, 4.0 Hz, H-9b), 2.71 (2H, d, J = 7.0 Hz, H-7′), 2.02 (1 H, m, H-8′), 1.80 (1 H, m, H-8); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 129.0 (s, C-1), 112.1 (d, C-2), 147.0 (s, C-3), 145.3 (s, C-4), 117.2 (d, C-5), 133.0 (s, C-6), 33.5 (t, C-7), 39.9 (d, C-8), 62.8 (t, C-9), 137.8 (s, C-1′), 107.6 (d, C-2′, 6′), 149.2 (s, C-3′, 5′), 134.9 (s, C-4′), 39.5 (t, C-7′), 47.7 (d, C-8′), 66.1 (t, C-9′), 56.7 (q, 3′, 5′-OCH3), 56.3 (q, 3-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[26]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(-)-5-甲氧基异落叶松树脂酚。
化合物13 白色无定形粉末, [α]D20.0 = -16.20 (c 0.10, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 455.145 8 [M+Cl]- (计算值: 455.147 8), 分子式: C22H28O81H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH : 6.58 (2H, s, H-2′, 6′), 6.38 (2H, s, H-2, 6), 4.32 (1H, d, J = 5.6 Hz, H-7), 3.85 (3H, s, 5-OCH3), 3.74 (6H, s, 3′, 5′-OCH3), 3.61 (1H, m, H-9a), 3.50 (1H, m, H-9b), 3.49 (1H, m, H-9′a), 3.48 (1H, m, H-9′b), 3.38 (3H, s, 3-OCH3), 2.69 (1H, m, H-7a), 2.57 (1H, m, H-7b), 1.98 (1H, m, H-8′), 1.62 (1H, m, H-8); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 138.8 (s, C-1), 106.8 (d, C-2, 6), 148.9 (s, C-3, 5), 134.4 (s, C-4), 42.2 (t, C-7), 49.8 (d, C-8), 64.1 (t, C-9), 130.1 (s, C-1′), 107.7 (d, C-2′), 148.6 (s, C-3′), 139.0 (s, C-4′), 148.7 (s, C-5′), 126.2 (d, C-6′), 33.8 (t, C-7′), 40.8 (d, C-8′), 66.7 (t, C-9′), 60.1 (q, 5′-OCH3), 56.7 (q, 3, 5-OCH3), 56.5 (q, 3′-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[27]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(-)-南烛木树脂酚。
化合物14 淡黄色油状物, [α]D20.0 = -20.00 (c 0.05, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 357.132 4 [M-H]- (计算值: 357.134 4), 分子式: C20H22O61H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.85 (2H, d, J = 1.8 Hz, H-2, 2′), 6.72 (2H, dd, J = 8.1, 1.8 Hz, H-3, 3′), 6.67 (2H, dd, J = 8.0, 2.0 Hz, H-6, 6′), 4.61 (2H, d, J = 4.2 Hz, H-7, 7′), 4.15 (2H, m, H-9a, 9′a), 3.76 (6H, s, 3, 3′-OCH3), 3.25 (2H, s, H-8, 8′), 3.04 (2H, m, H-9b, 9′b); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 133.8 (s, C-1, 1′), 111.0 (d, C-2, 2′), 149.1 (s, C-3, 3′), 147.3 (s, C-4, 4′), 116.1 (t, C-5, 5′), 120.1 (t, C-6, 6′), 87.5 (t, C-7, 7′), 55.4 (d, C-8, 8′), 72.6 (t, C-9, 9′), 56.4 (q, 3, 3′-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[28]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(+)-松脂醇。
化合物15 黄色粉末, [α]D20.0 = +12.88 (c 0.050, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 387.142 9 [M-H]- (计算值: 387.144 9), 分子式: C21H24O71H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.85 (1H, d, J = 1.8, H-2′), 6.71 (1H, dd, J = 8.0, 1.8 Hz, H-5′), 6.67 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-6′), 6.55 (2H, s, H-2, 6), 4.61 (2H, d, J = 4.2 Hz, H-7, 7′), 4.14 (2H, m, H-9, 9′a), 3.74 (6H, s, 3, 5-OCH3), 3.73 (3H, s, 3′-OCH3), 3.21 (2H, m, H-9, 9′b), 3.04 (1H, m, H-8, 8′); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 133.8 (s, C-1), 104.5 (d, C-2, 6), 149.3 (s, C-3, 5), 136.2 (s, C-4), 87.7 (t, C-7), 55.6 (d, C-8), 72.7 (t, C-9), 133.1 (s, C-1′), 111.0 (d, C-2′), 149.1 (s, C-3′), 147.3 (s, C-4′), 116.1 (d, C-5′), 120.1 (s, C-6′), 87.5 (t, C-7′), 55.3 (d, C-8′), 72.6 (t, C-9′), 56.8 (q, 3, 5-OCH3), 56.3 (q, 3-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[29]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(+)-杜仲树脂酚。
化合物16 白色粉末, [α]D20.0 = -4.88 (c 0.25, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 441.151 0 [M+Na]+ (计算值: 441.152 0), 分子式: C22H26O81H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.66 (4H, s, H-2, 6, 2′, 6′), 4.71 (2H, d, J = 4.4 Hz, H-7, 7′), 4.28 (2H, m, H-9a, 9′a), 3.90 (2H, m, H-8, 8′), 3.88 (2H, m, H-9b, 9′b), 3.85 (12H, s, 3, 5, 3′, 5′-OCH3); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 133.1 (s, C-1, 1′), 104.5 (d, C-2, 6, 2′, 6′), 149.4 (s, C-3, 5, 3′, 5′), 136.2 (s, C-4, 4′), 87.6 (t, C-7, 7′), 55.5 (d, C-8, 8′), 72.8 (t, C-9, 9′), 56.3 (q, 3, 5, 3′, 5′-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[30]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(-)-丁香脂素。
化合物17 白色粉末, [α]D20.0 = +2.25 (c 0.08, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 441.151 0 [M+Na]+ (计算值: 441.152 0), 分子式: C22H26O81H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.56 (4H, s, H-2, 2′, 6, 6′), 4.62 (2H, d, J = 4.4 Hz, H-7, 7′), 4.33 (2H, dd, J = 8.0, 6.4 Hz, H-9a, 9′a), 4.03 (2H, dd, J = 8.0, 3.6 Hz, H-9b, 9′b), 3.75 (12H, s, 3, 3′, 5, 5′-OCH3), 3.30 (2H, m, H-8, 8′); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 133.2 (s, C-1), 104.6 (d, C-2, 6), 149.2 (s, C-3, 5), 136.3 (s, C-4), 89.6 (d, C-7), 55.5 (d, C-8), 72.8 (t, C-9), 130.6 (s, C-1′), 104.1 (d, C-2′, 6′), 149.2 (s, C-3′, 5′), 135.6 (s, C-4′), 83.6 (t, C-7′), 51.2 (d, C-8′), 70.7 (t, C-9′), 56.6 (q, 3, 5, 3′, 5′-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[31]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(+)-丁香脂素。
化合物18 白色无定形粉末, [α]D20.0 = +76.87 (c 0.30, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 395.155 0 [M-H]- (计算值: 395.156 7), 分子式: C20H24O61H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.86 (1H, s, H-4), 6.74 (1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz, H-3′), 6.72 (2H, d, J = 1.6 Hz, H-2, 6), 6.68 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-6′), 6.58 (1H, dd, J = 8.0, 1.7 Hz, H-5′), 4.69 (1H, d, J = 6.4 Hz, H-7), 3.92 (1H, dd, J = 16.2, 8.0 Hz, H-9′a), 3.75 (3H, s, 3-OCH3), 3.74 (3H, s, 5-OCH3), 3.68 (1H, J = 8.0, 6.2 Hz, H-9b), 3.59 (1H, J = 8.0, 6.4 Hz, H-9′b), 3.50 (1H, J = 11.2, 6.4 Hz, H-9a), 2.85 (1H, J = 13.2, 4.4 Hz, H-7′a), 2.65 (1H, m, H-8′), 2.42 (1H, m, H-8), 2.33 (1H, J = 13.2, 11.2 Hz, H-7′b); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 135.8 (s, C-1), 116.2 (d, C-2), 149.0 (s, C-3), 110.6 (d, C-4), 149.0 (s, C-5), 116.0 (d, C-6), 84.0 (t, C-7), 54.0 (d, C-8), 60.4 (t, C-9), 133.5 (s, C-1′), 146.9 (s, C-2′), 113.3 (d, C-3′), 145.7 (s, C-4′), 33.6 (t, C-7′), 43.8 (d, C-8′), 73.5 (t, C-9′), 56.3 (t, 3-OCH3), 56.3 (q, 5-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[32]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(7, 8-cis-8, 8′-trans)-2′, 4′-二羟基-3, 5-二甲氧基落叶松脂素。
化合物19 白色无定形粉末, [α]D20.0 = +24.48 (c 0.29, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 389.159 0 [M-H]- (计算值: 389.160 6), 分子式: C21H26O71H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.69 (1H, d, J = 1.8, H-2), 6.62 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-5), 6.54 (1H, dd, J = 8.0, 1.8 Hz, H-6), 6.52 (2H, s, H-2′, 6′), 4.67 (1H, d, J = 6.6 Hz, H-7), 3.90 (1H, m, H-9′a), 3.72 (9H, s, 3, 3′, 5′-OCH3), 3.63 (1H, J = 8.4, 6.0 Hz, H-9′b), 3.53 (1H, m, H-9a), 3.20 (1H, J = 11.4, 6.3 Hz, H-9b), 2.82 (1H, dd, J = 13.2, 5.0 Hz, H-7′a), 2.39 (1H, m, H-8), 2.28 (1H, d, J = 13.4, 11.0 Hz, H-7′b); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 135.1 (s, C-1), 113.3 (d, C-2), 148.9 (s, C-3), 145.7 (s, C-4), 116.1 (d, C-5), 122.1 (d, C-6), 84.2 (t, C-7), 54.1 (d, C-8), 60.5 (t, C-9), 133.5 (s, C-1′), 104.2 (d, C-2′, 6′), 149.2 (s, C-3′, 5′), 135.8 (s, C-4′), 33.6 (t, C-7′), 43.8 (d, C-8′), 73.5 (t, C-9′), 56.7 (q, 3′, 5′-OCH3), 56.3 (q, 3-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[33]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为justiciresinol。
化合物20 黄色油状物, [α]D20.0 = +22.50 (c 0.04, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 395.125 0 [M+Cl]- (计算值: 395.126 7), 分子式: C20H24O61H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.81 (1H, d, J = 1.6 Hz, H-2), 6.74 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-2′), 6.71 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-5), 6.67(1H, dd, J = 8.0, 2.0 Hz, H-6), 6.67 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-5′), 6.57 (1H, dd, J = 8.0, 2.0 Hz, H-6′), 4.67 (1H, d, J = 6.4 Hz, H-7), 3.91 (1H, m, H-9a), 3.76 (6H, s, 3, 3′-OCH3), 3.73 (1H, m, H-9b), 3.64 (1H, m, H-9′a), 3.55 (1H, m, H-9′b), 2.66 (1H, m, H-8), 2.41 (1H, m, H-7′a), 2.28 (1H, m, H-7′b); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 135.7 (s, C-1), 113.4 (d, C-2), 149.0 (s, C-3), 145.8 (s, C-4), 116.2 (d, C-5), 122.2 (d, C-6), 84.0 (t, C-7), 54.0 (d, C-8), 60.4 (t, C-9), 133.5 (s, C-1′), 113.4 (d, C-2′), 149.0 (s, C-3′), 147.0 (s, C-4′), 116.0 (d, C-5′), 119.8 (d, C-6′), 33.7 (t, C-7′), 43.9 (d, C-8′), 73.5 (t, C-9′), 56.4 (q, 3, 3′-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[34]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为落叶松脂醇。
化合物21 黄色油状物, [α]D20.0 = +10.00 (c 0.05, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 251.093 1 [M-H]- (计算值: 251.092 5), 分子式: C13H16O51H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.66 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-2), 6.58 (1H, dd, J = 8.0, 2.0 Hz, H-5), 6.61 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-6), 4.00 (1H, dd, J = 8.0, 5.6 Hz, H-7a), 3.92 (1H, dd, J = 8.8, 7.0 Hz, H-7b), 3.80 (1H, dd, J = 13.2, 7.0 Hz, H-9′a), 3.70 (1H, dd, J = 13.2, 4.6 Hz, H-9′b), 3.68 (3H, s, 3-OCH3), 3.19 (3H, m, H-8), 2.84 (1H, m, H-8′), 2.63 (1H, m, H-7a), 2.40 (1H, m, H-7b); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 131.9 (s, C-1), 113.3 (d, C-2), 149.1 (s, C-3), 146.1 (s, C-4), 116.3 (d, C-5), 122.2 (d, C-6), 33.5 (t, C-7), 40.6 (d, C-8), 73.7 (t, C-9), 180.7 (s, C-7′), 46.9 (d, C-8′), 59.6 (t, C-9′), 56.3 (q, 3-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[35]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为maninsign B。
化合物22 黄色油状物, [α]D20.0 = -4.33 (c 0.18, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 305.099 4 [M+Na]+ (计算值: 305.099 6), 分子式: C14H18O61H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.65 (2H, s, H-2, 6), 5.28 (1H, s, H-7′), 4.37 (1H, m, H-7, 9′a), 3.95 (1H, dd, J = 9.0, 6.0 Hz, H-9a), 3.91 (1H, dd, J = 9.0, 7.4, m, H-9′b), 3.85 (6H, s, 3, 5-OCH3), 3.35 (1H, dd, J = 9.0, 7.8 Hz, H-9b), 3.31 (1H, d, J = 8.0, H-8′), 3.18 (1H, d, J = 8.0, H-8); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 132.9 (s, C-1), 104.5 (d, C-2), 149.1 (s, C-3), 132.9 (s, C-4), 149.3 (s, C-5), 130.0 (d, C-6), 88.9 (d, C-7), 55.1 (d, C-8), 70.1 (t, C-9), 103.0 (d, C-7′), 54.0 (d, C-8′), 72.5 (t, C-9′), 56.3 (q, 3, 5-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[36]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(1R, 2R, 5R, 6S)-6-hydroxy-2-(4′-hydroxy-3′, 5′-dimethoxyphenyl)-3, 7-dioxa-bicyclo-[3.3.0]-octane。
化合物23 无色油状物, [α]D20.0 = +12.10 (c 0.20, CH3OH); HR-ESI-MS m/z 265.106 6 [M-H]- (计算值: 265.108 1), 分子式: C14H18O51H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 6.87 (1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz, H-2), 6.72 (1H, dd, J = 8.0, 1.8 Hz, H-3), 6.70 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-6), 5.36 (1H, d, J = 4.2 Hz, H-7′), 4.35 (1H, m, H-7, 9′a), 4.15 (1H, dd, J = 9.0, 6.0 Hz, H-9a), 3.89 (1H, dd, J = 9.0, 7.6, m, H-9′b), 3.85 (6H, s, 3, 4-OCH3), 3.55 (1H, dd, J = 9.0, 7.6 Hz, H-9b), 2.94 (1H, d, J = 8.0, H-8′), 2.83 (1H, d, J = 8.0, H-8); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 133.6 (s, C-1), 110.9 (d, C-2), 149.2 (s, C-3), 120.2 (s, C-4), 147.5 (s, C-5), 116.1 (d, C-6), 72.4 (d, C-7), 55.1 (d, C-8), 72.4 (t, C-9), 103.1 (d, C-7′), 53.0 (d, C-8′), 70.0 (t, C-9′), 56.4 (q, 4, 5-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献[37]基本一致, 故鉴定该化合物为(1R, 2R, 5R, 6S)-2-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3, 7-dioxa-bicyclo[3.3.0]octane。
化合物24 淡黄色无定形粉末, HR-ESI-MS m/z 269.058 5 [M+Cl]- (计算值: 269.058 6), 分子式: C13H14O41H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH: 7.60 (1H, s, H-2′), 7.22 (1H, s, H-4), 6.93 (1H, s, H-6), 6.63 (1H, d, J = 15.6 Hz, H-7), 6.30 (1H, dt, J = 15.4, 5.8 Hz, H-8), 4.65 (2H, s, H-3′), 4.18 (2H, dd, J = 5.4, 1.6 Hz, H-9), 3.92 (3H, s, 1-OCH3); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC: 146.8 (s, C-1), 146.1 (s, C-2), 122.5 (s, C-3), 111.8 (d, C-4), 134.6 (s, C-5), 106.2 (d, C-6), 132.2 (d, C-7), 129.0 (d, C-8), 63.8 (t, C-9), 130.2 (s, C-1′), 144.2 (d, C-2′), 55.6 (t, C-3′), 56.7 (q, 1-OCH3)。以上数据与文献[38]报道数据对照基本一致, 故鉴定化合物为fructusol A。
使用CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8) 法测试化合物1~24对4T1乳腺癌细胞、SW1990胰腺癌细胞和SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞的细胞毒性, 紫杉醇为阳性对照药。细胞接种在含有10%的热灭活胎牛血清、100 u·mL-1青霉素和100 μg·mL-1链霉素的DMEM (DMEM: Dulbecco's modified eagle medium) 培养基中, 于37 ℃的5% CO2恒温培养箱中培养。让其生长24 h, 达到80%~90%的最终密度。采用CCK-8检测试剂盒测定细胞的活性水平。每孔5×103个4T1细胞接种在96孔板上, 孵育24 h。然后, 细胞用不同化合物和条件处理, 初筛时化合物的浓度为2、10和50 μmol·L-1。接着孵育24 h, 加入CCK-8试剂, 孵育2 h, 用酶标仪在450 nm波长下测定吸光度(A), 根据生成的吸光度计算细胞存活率。对抑制率较好的化合物20进行复筛, 使用GraphPad prism 9.0软件计算IC50值, 复筛浓度设置为40、50、60、80和100 μmol·L-1。细胞存活率(%) = [A(药物组)-A(空白对照组)]/[A(溶剂对照组)-A(空白对照组)]×100%。

作者贡献: 林芷淇负责化合物的分离、结构鉴定及文章的撰写; 朱红波负责化合物的生物活性筛选; 周堂负责药材提取; 王吉负责部分数据分析; 张荣平和陈兴龙负责设计实验、提供实验指导、审阅文章, 并最终定稿。

利益冲突: 作者声明不存在任何利益冲突。

数据采用单因素分析, P < 0.05认为有统计学意义。
  • 云南省基础研究计划‒青年项目(202201AU070166)
  • 云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2023Y0455)
  • “云岭学者”支持计划
  • 云南省重点领域科技计划项目(202303AC100025)
  • 云南省南药可持续利用重点实验室开放课题(202105AG070012XS2203)
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2024年第59卷第6期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-1268
  • 接收时间:2023-11-09
  • 首发时间:2025-11-26
  • 出版时间:2024-06-12
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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-09
  • 修回日期:2024-01-12
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云南省基础研究计划‒青年项目(202201AU070166)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2023Y0455)
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云南省重点领域科技计划项目(202303AC100025)
云南省南药可持续利用重点实验室开放课题(202105AG070012XS2203)
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    云南中医药大学中药学院暨云南省南药可持续利用研究重点实验室, 云南 昆明 650500

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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