Article(id=1198656216634323820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656209390764948, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0131, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1675872000000, receivedDateStr=2023-02-09, revisedDate=1683475200000, revisedDateStr=2023-05-08, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763711512001, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1697040000000, pubDateStr=2023-10-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763711512001, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763711512001, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763711512001, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198656209390764948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='10', pageStart='2835', pageEnd='3150', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1697040000000', pubDateStr='2023-10-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763711510274, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1763711659007, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198656833280897539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656209390764948, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198656833280897540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656209390764948, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3032, endPage=3039, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198656217364132741, articleId=1198656216634323820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Exploring the material basis of genipin-induced hepatotoxicity
in vitro, columnId=null, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The current study explored the hepatotoxicity among closed-ring genipin, open-ring tautomer of genipin and gardenia blue that generated from genipin and amino acid reaction using HepaRG cells to identify the material basis of genipin-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro. The effects of temperature, pH value and different kinds of amino acids on the chemical structure tautomerism between closed-ring and open-ring tautomer of genipin and the production of gardenia blue were investigated firstly, which aimed to explicit the conditions that could distinguish the closed-ring genipin and its open-ring tautomer, and the conditions generating gardenia blue, which were applied to prepare different kinds of gardenia blue; the CCK-8 kit was employed to analyze the hepatotoxicity of closed-ring genipin, open-ring tautomer of genipin and gardenia blue. From the results, it was found that, the structure transformation from close-ring to open-ring of genipin could be inhibited under the condition with acid environment; being essential groups to generate gardenia blue, the primary amino group and the open-ring tautomer of genipin reacting to generate the dihydropyridine ring was probably the key structure of gardenia blue; the structure characteristics existed apparent distinction at the reactive temperature of 37 ℃ and 80 ℃; compared to the culture condition with pH = 7.4, the concentration of genipin with close-ring in culture medium was significantly increased at pH = 5, but the cell viability did not decreased; the cell toxicity of gardenia blue was apparently lower than open-ring tautomer of genipin, and even some kinds of gardenia blue showed growth promoting effect on HepaRG cells. Here, it was suggested potentially that open-ring tautomer of genipin be the important material basis to induce hepatotoxicity, which could provide a cue and lay a foundation for the elucidation of the underlying mechanism of genipin-induced hepatotoxicity.
, authors=null, authorsList=Fan ZHANG, Dong-xia LV, Yu-song DONG, Jia-qi QIN, Guo-xu WANG, Yang LUO, Zhi RAO, Yu-hui WEI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yu-hui WEI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198656221432606798, articleId=1198656216634323820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=京尼平所致肝细胞毒性的物质基础研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
本文通过探究京尼平闭环原型、开环异构体及其与氨基酸结合而成的栀子蓝的HepaRG肝细胞毒性, 阐明京尼平所致肝细胞毒性的物质基础。考察不同温度、pH值及氨基酸对京尼平结构互变及栀子蓝形成的影响, 明确可区分京尼平闭环和开环异构体的条件, 以及栀子蓝形成的条件并制备不同氨基酸类型的栀子蓝冷冻干燥粉末; CCK-8法测定京尼平原型、开环异构体以及不同类型栀子蓝的肝细胞毒性。结果显示, 酸性条件可抑制京尼平由闭环向开环的转化; 伯氨基和京尼平开环结构是生成栀子蓝的必要条件, 且两者最可能形成二氢吡啶环型的栀子蓝; 37与80 ℃合成的栀子蓝存在明显差异; pH = 5的酸性条件与正常培养条件(pH = 7.4) 相比, 京尼平原型浓度显著升高, 但细胞存活率并未明显降低; 栀子蓝的细胞毒性显著低于京尼平开环结构, 甚至部分类型栀子蓝呈现促进细胞生长的作用。研究结果表明, 京尼平开环结构可能是造成肝细胞毒性的重要物质基础, 为今后京尼平肝毒性机制等相关研究奠定了基础并提供了线索。
, authors=null, authorsList=张帆, 吕东霞, 董毓松, 秦佳琪, 王国旭, 骆洋, 饶志, 魏玉辉, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=魏玉辉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=HyRAnwHKahniErFjSa+rRQ==, magXml=yF7z/DRu413Fy02IZkLwTA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=gxX0OCTK/BarOsRqWJTZ5g==, pdfFileSize=3541839, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=jHMlk9TL6QY7J/4WdC5+/g==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Hn3VBKOZqTb7qQM0ceHpZQ==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1198960257960604114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960258153542111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, authorId=1198960257960604114, language=EN, stringName=Fan ZHANG, firstName=Fan, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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9: 690-701., articleTitle=Matrine attenuates oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
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The chemical structures of geniposide, genipin and its open-ring tautomer, and the probable reaction between genipin and amino acids to generate gardenia blue. ①②③④ exhibit the possible binding sites between amino acids or protein and genipin, which are the possible molecular structure of gardenia blue; NH2-R represents amino acid or protein , figureFileSmall=F0ibT6RIZQ5/KTWf5RcefQ==, figureFileBig=9XdqI3UEkTq7FHrhNocPXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960265329996658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=NL9Q5LfdHd82QA8OdGi48g==, figureFileBig=U1crOkz4fC20y4qlZkyjDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960265569071998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=
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The effect of temperature on the genipin concentration (A), the solution and powder color (B) and the UV-VIS absorption spectra after genipin reacted with different amino acids at 37 ℃ and 80 ℃ (C). n = 2, x ± s. GP: Genipin; N.F.: Not found, the genipin concentration under the LLOQ of HPLC/MS/MS , figureFileSmall=LalCBotOHvoHE445/gbKVw==, figureFileBig=AP+BangJyaTcFVJD1Gb2QA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960265950753683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=vsULPGOsOSEpsdL5yCzRpw==, figureFileBig=mcJGVVdb6/3jgLb1LH5gZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960266055611285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption=
The alterations of genipin concentration (A) and solution color (B) after genipin reacted with different amino acids at different pH value for 12 h. n = 2, x ± s , figureFileSmall=vsULPGOsOSEpsdL5yCzRpw==, figureFileBig=mcJGVVdb6/3jgLb1LH5gZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960266202411931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Jz26kqAA+lsIugTGONM4Ew==, figureFileBig=LrjOFPSC0s69O0TFaN9fLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960266319852450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption=
The cell viability of HepaRG cell (A) and the genipin concentration in culture medium detected by HPLC/MS/MS (B) under the conditions of pH = 5 and 7.4 with the culture concentrations of genipin at 200 and 400 μg·mL-1. n = 8, x ± s. **P < 0.01 vs control group , figureFileSmall=Jz26kqAA+lsIugTGONM4Ew==, figureFileBig=LrjOFPSC0s69O0TFaN9fLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960266428904359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=0VVGh0pliSpxGRacb+0kkg==, figureFileBig=oj1oJmIMIypoVm3o0Rn3tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960266533761963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption=
The cell viability of HepaRG cell (A) and the genipin concentration in gardenia blue (B). n = 8, x ± s. **P < 0.01 vs 100 μg·mL-1 genipin culture group , figureFileSmall=0VVGh0pliSpxGRacb+0kkg==, figureFileBig=oj1oJmIMIypoVm3o0Rn3tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960266676368306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=EOlEPoPJ+mihqBM0UkSF6g==, figureFileBig=f/DT+t/N0O0nEimUSWWuqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960266806391732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption=
The schematic diagram about the potential mechanisms of genipin open-ring tautomer-induced hepatotoxicity , figureFileSmall=EOlEPoPJ+mihqBM0UkSF6g==, figureFileBig=f/DT+t/N0O0nEimUSWWuqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960266948998075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656216634323820, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Molar ratio | Genipin concentration/μg·mL-1 |
| Arg | His | Pro | Met | Gly | Phe | Lys |
| 1∶1 | 14.15 ± 1.35 | 11.09 ± 0.90 | 45.12 ± 1.31 | 22.71 ± 1.76 | 9.87 ± 0.62 | 21.97 ± 2.72 | N.F. |
| 1∶2 | N.F. | 0.92 ± 0.50 | 46.92 ± 0.021 | 13.38 ± 3.23 | N.F. | 14.27 ± 0.40 | N.F. |
| 1∶4 | N.F. | N.F. | 39.48 ± 12.08 | 2.86 ± 0.96 | N.F. | N.F. | N.F. |
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The concentration of genipin after genipin reacted with amino acids with different molar ratios. n = 2, x ± s
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| Molar ratio | Genipin concentration/μg·mL-1 |
| Arg | His | Pro | Met | Gly | Phe | Lys |
| 1∶1 | 14.15 ± 1.35 | 11.09 ± 0.90 | 45.12 ± 1.31 | 22.71 ± 1.76 | 9.87 ± 0.62 | 21.97 ± 2.72 | N.F. |
| 1∶2 | N.F. | 0.92 ± 0.50 | 46.92 ± 0.021 | 13.38 ± 3.23 | N.F. | 14.27 ± 0.40 | N.F. |
| 1∶4 | N.F. | N.F. | 39.48 ± 12.08 | 2.86 ± 0.96 | N.F. | N.F. | N.F. |
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