Article(id=1198656146597839237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656143976399200, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0101, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1675267200000, receivedDateStr=2023-02-02, revisedDate=1684166400000, revisedDateStr=2023-05-16, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763711495303, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1694448000000, pubDateStr=2023-09-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763711495303, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763711495303, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763711495303, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198656143976399200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='9', pageStart='2541', pageEnd='2834', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1694448000000', pubDateStr='2023-09-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763711494677, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1763711620095, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198656670072144034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656143976399200, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198656670072144035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198656143976399200, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2802, endPage=2810, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198656147013075359, articleId=1198656146597839237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Study on release and antioxidant activity of quercetin after loaded by hot alkali hydrolysis modified UiO-66 material, columnId=null, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

UiO-66 (University of Oslo 66) is a kind of promising material that can improve the release and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble bioactive compounds of traditional Chinese medicine. However, the loading of quercetin in raw UiO-66 was not ideal. In this study, UiO-66-BH (UiO-66-blend-heating) was obtained by heating UiO-66 and KOH solution following blended them. UiO-66-BH maintained the outline of octahedral structure of UiO-66 but with obvious rough and uneven pores on the surface. UiO-66-BH had good adsorption of quercetin with saturation adsorption was 138.92 mg·g-1, the adsorption process belonged to single molecular layer adsorption and was controlled by chemisorption. UiO-66-BH can control the release of quercetin in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, and the drug concentration was significantly higher than that of free quercetin after long-term release (36% vs 9%). Compared with quercetin, the ABTS (2, 2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt) radical scavenging activity of UiO-66-BH@quercetin drug delivery system decreased, while the DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity remained almost unchanged. The drug delivery system showed a strong antioxidant effect similar to quercetin. The findings indicated that UiO-66-BH could control release of quercetin and was expected to be used as a drug carrier material for some insoluble active components of traditional Chinese medicine such as quercetin.

, authors=null, authorsList=Rui-miao CHANG, Yan-yang ZHANG, An-juan KANG, Guang-bin ZHANG, Yan-ping YU, Jun-zhao REN, An-jia CHEN, Yong LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yong LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198656151329014330, articleId=1198656146597839237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=热碱解改性UiO-66材料对槲皮素的装载、释放及抗氧化作用研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

UiO-66(University of Oslo 66)可以提高难溶性中药活性成分的释放率和生物利用度, 是一种具有临床应用前景的金属有机骨架材料。然而原型UiO-66对槲皮素的装载不理想。将UiO-66置于碱性溶液中加热后获得了“热”碱解改性材料UiO-66-BH (UiO-66-blend-heating)。UiO-66-BH维持着UiO-66八面体结构的轮廓, 但表面出现明显粗糙不平的孔隙。UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的饱和吸附量为138.92 mg·g-1, 对槲皮素的吸附属于单分子层吸附, 吸附过程受控于化学吸附作用。UiO-66-BH可控制槲皮素在模拟胃肠液中的释放, 并在长时间释放后模拟肠液中药物浓度明显高于原料药(36%vs 9%)。与槲皮素相比, 载有槲皮素的UiO-66-BH@槲皮素载药系统对2, 2'-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt, ABTS)自由基的清除能力有所下降, 而对1, 1-二苯基-2-苦味基肼(1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH)自由基的清除能力几乎不变, 显示了载药系统类似槲皮素的抗氧化作用。研究表明, 本文合成的UiO-66-BH可控制槲皮素在模拟胃肠液中的释放, 有望改善槲皮素的生物利用度。

, authors=null, authorsList=畅瑞苗, 张艳洋, 康安娟, 张广彬, 余彦平, 任俊照, 陈安家, 李勇, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李勇, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*李勇, Tel: 86-351-8379618, E-mail:
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2. Shanxi Bethune Hospital (Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital), Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
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Nat Prod Res Dev (天然产物研究与开发), 2012, 24: 663-667., articleTitle=Effect of quercetin on serum lipid metabolism of mice and its antioxidant activity in vitro, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1198960229519033237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, awardId=32200323, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(32200323), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198960229653250976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, awardId=20210302124190, language=CN, fundingSource=山西省基础研究计划(20210302124190), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960220996206608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960221008789522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, companyId=1198960220996206608, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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SEM: Scanning electron microscopy; XRD: X-ray diffraction; FT-IR: Fourier-transform infrared; TGA: Thermogravimetric analysis; STP: Stader temperature pressure , figureFileSmall=sywuejs83iRZTnr85rnOEA==, figureFileBig=nsQEhTvszXYnqW86H7vl2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960227472212700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=OkBYIHOrvz7CDGc89Oqyaw==, figureFileBig=5mYfvToFVMoMm+aUoqEHkg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960227656762088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= The adsorption kinetic of UiO-66-BH for quercetin (the points represent measured values and the curve was fitted with pseudo-second order kinetic mode). <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$\bar{x}$</span> ± <i>s</i> , figureFileSmall=OkBYIHOrvz7CDGc89Oqyaw==, figureFileBig=5mYfvToFVMoMm+aUoqEHkg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960227853894398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=QD/9t9lzGBPvzlKbLNvYgQ==, figureFileBig=bjyI5viQIiSj7K9KQTLevQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960228080386826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Cell viability value of NCM460 (A) and L02 (B) cells estimated by MTT assay treated with different concentration of UiO-66-BH (<i>n</i> = 3). MTT: Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide , figureFileSmall=QD/9t9lzGBPvzlKbLNvYgQ==, figureFileBig=bjyI5viQIiSj7K9KQTLevQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960228235576088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=mxrXXTyuzO1ktUXEyDcLFw==, figureFileBig=KUwJoyKAVBgcYg0PA4WT2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960228390765352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Release profile of encapsulated quercetin in simulated gastric fluid (A) and simulated intestinal fluid (B) conditions. <i>n</i> = 3, <span class="mag-xml-inline-formula">$\bar{x}$</span> ± <i>s</i> , figureFileSmall=mxrXXTyuzO1ktUXEyDcLFw==, figureFileBig=KUwJoyKAVBgcYg0PA4WT2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960228579509046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=SZkbaCrct90krxSfRdd2aw==, figureFileBig=VkzX0lpd+LO9xTMmLsU0qg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960228713726793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= ABTS scavenging activity (A) and DPPH scavenging activity (B) of encapsulated quercetin (<i>n</i> = 3). ABTS: 2, 2′-Azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt; DPPH: 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl , figureFileSmall=SZkbaCrct90krxSfRdd2aw==, figureFileBig=VkzX0lpd+LO9xTMmLsU0qg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960228843750229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Material Surface area /m2·g-1 Pore volume /m3·g-1 Pore size /nm
UiO-66 216.94 0.13 5.19
UiO-66-BH 107.34 0.30 11.48
), ArticleFig(id=1198960228969579361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Surface area and porosity of the materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Material Surface area /m2·g-1 Pore volume /m3·g-1 Pore size /nm
UiO-66 216.94 0.13 5.19
UiO-66-BH 107.34 0.30 11.48
), ArticleFig(id=1198960229087019885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sorbent Langmuir isotherm equation Freundlich isotherm equation Pseudo-first-order model Pseudo-second-order model
Qm/mg·g-1 Kl/L·mg-1 R2 Kf/mg·g-1 n R2 Qe.f/mg·g-1 K1/min-1 R2 Qe.s/mg·g-1 k2/min-1 R2
UiO-66-BH 138.92 0.010 9 0.882 3 30.38 4.75 0.669 8 137.96 0.030 0 0.901 2 173.56 0.000 2 0.911 8
), ArticleFig(id=1198960229258986363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=

Adsorption models and their statistical parameters. Qe, f (mg·g-1) is the calculated value of Qe by pseudo-first-order equation; Qe, s (mg·g-1) is the calculated value of Qe by pseudo-second-order equation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sorbent Langmuir isotherm equation Freundlich isotherm equation Pseudo-first-order model Pseudo-second-order model
Qm/mg·g-1 Kl/L·mg-1 R2 Kf/mg·g-1 n R2 Qe.f/mg·g-1 K1/min-1 R2 Qe.s/mg·g-1 k2/min-1 R2
UiO-66-BH 138.92 0.010 9 0.882 3 30.38 4.75 0.669 8 137.96 0.030 0 0.901 2 173.56 0.000 2 0.911 8
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热碱解改性UiO-66材料对槲皮素的装载、释放及抗氧化作用研究
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畅瑞苗 1, 2, 3 , 张艳洋 4 , 康安娟 1 , 张广彬 1 , 余彦平 1 , 任俊照 1 , 陈安家 1 , 李勇 2, 3, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023,58(9): 2802-2810
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药学学报 |研究论文 2023 , 58 (9) : 2802 -2810
热碱解改性UiO-66材料对槲皮素的装载、释放及抗氧化作用研究
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Shanxi Bethune Hospital (Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital), Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
3. Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960224754303448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, authorId=1198960224401981868, language=CN, stringName=李勇, firstName=勇, middleName=null, lastName=李, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, *, address=2.山西白求恩医院 (山西医学科学院同济山西医院), 山西医科大学第三医院, 山西 太原 030032
3.华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院, 湖北 武汉 430030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960221109452830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960221113647137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, companyId=1198960221109452830, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shanxi Bethune Hospital (Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital), Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960221130424354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, companyId=1198960221109452830, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山西白求恩医院 (山西医学科学院同济山西医院), 山西医科大学第三医院, 山西 太原 030032)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960221281419311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960221289807921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, companyId=1198960221281419311, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960221298196530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198656146597839237, companyId=1198960221281419311, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院, 湖北 武汉 430030)])])]
畅瑞苗1, 2, 3, 张艳洋4, 康安娟1, 张广彬1, 余彦平1, 任俊照1, 陈安家1, 李勇2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1.山西医科大学药学院, 山西 太原 030001
  • 2.山西白求恩医院 (山西医学科学院同济山西医院), 山西医科大学第三医院, 山西 太原 030032
  • 3.华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院, 湖北 武汉 430030
  • 4.山西立业制药有限公司, 山西 太原 030021
通讯作者:
*李勇, Tel: 86-351-8379618, E-mail:
Study on release and antioxidant activity of quercetin after loaded by hot alkali hydrolysis modified UiO-66 material
Rui-miao CHANG1, 2, 3, Yan-yang ZHANG4, An-juan KANG1, Guang-bin ZHANG1, Yan-ping YU1, Jun-zhao REN1, An-jia CHEN1, Yong LI2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
  • 2. Shanxi Bethune Hospital (Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital), Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
  • 3. Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
  • 4. Shanxi Liye Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030021, China
出版时间: 2023-09-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0101
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UiO-66(University of Oslo 66)可以提高难溶性中药活性成分的释放率和生物利用度, 是一种具有临床应用前景的金属有机骨架材料。然而原型UiO-66对槲皮素的装载不理想。将UiO-66置于碱性溶液中加热后获得了“热”碱解改性材料UiO-66-BH (UiO-66-blend-heating)。UiO-66-BH维持着UiO-66八面体结构的轮廓, 但表面出现明显粗糙不平的孔隙。UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的饱和吸附量为138.92 mg·g-1, 对槲皮素的吸附属于单分子层吸附, 吸附过程受控于化学吸附作用。UiO-66-BH可控制槲皮素在模拟胃肠液中的释放, 并在长时间释放后模拟肠液中药物浓度明显高于原料药(36%vs 9%)。与槲皮素相比, 载有槲皮素的UiO-66-BH@槲皮素载药系统对2, 2'-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt, ABTS)自由基的清除能力有所下降, 而对1, 1-二苯基-2-苦味基肼(1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH)自由基的清除能力几乎不变, 显示了载药系统类似槲皮素的抗氧化作用。研究表明, 本文合成的UiO-66-BH可控制槲皮素在模拟胃肠液中的释放, 有望改善槲皮素的生物利用度。

槲皮素  /  UiO-66  /  热碱解技术  /  吸附行为  /  抗氧化活性  /  体外释放

UiO-66 (University of Oslo 66) is a kind of promising material that can improve the release and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble bioactive compounds of traditional Chinese medicine. However, the loading of quercetin in raw UiO-66 was not ideal. In this study, UiO-66-BH (UiO-66-blend-heating) was obtained by heating UiO-66 and KOH solution following blended them. UiO-66-BH maintained the outline of octahedral structure of UiO-66 but with obvious rough and uneven pores on the surface. UiO-66-BH had good adsorption of quercetin with saturation adsorption was 138.92 mg·g-1, the adsorption process belonged to single molecular layer adsorption and was controlled by chemisorption. UiO-66-BH can control the release of quercetin in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, and the drug concentration was significantly higher than that of free quercetin after long-term release (36% vs 9%). Compared with quercetin, the ABTS (2, 2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt) radical scavenging activity of UiO-66-BH@quercetin drug delivery system decreased, while the DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity remained almost unchanged. The drug delivery system showed a strong antioxidant effect similar to quercetin. The findings indicated that UiO-66-BH could control release of quercetin and was expected to be used as a drug carrier material for some insoluble active components of traditional Chinese medicine such as quercetin.

quercetin  /  UiO-66  /  thermal alkaline hydrolysis  /  adsorption performance  /  antioxidant activity  /  in-vitro release
畅瑞苗, 张艳洋, 康安娟, 张广彬, 余彦平, 任俊照, 陈安家, 李勇. 热碱解改性UiO-66材料对槲皮素的装载、释放及抗氧化作用研究. 药学学报, 2023 , 58 (9) : 2802 -2810 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0101
Rui-miao CHANG, Yan-yang ZHANG, An-juan KANG, Guang-bin ZHANG, Yan-ping YU, Jun-zhao REN, An-jia CHEN, Yong LI. Study on release and antioxidant activity of quercetin after loaded by hot alkali hydrolysis modified UiO-66 material[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2023 , 58 (9) : 2802 -2810 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0101
槲皮素是一种自然界中广泛存在的黄酮物质, 具有良好的抗氧化[1]、抗炎[2]、抗肿瘤[3]、抗流感[4]等功效。但由于槲皮素分子为平面结构, 堆砌较紧密, 分子间引力较大, 不易被溶剂分散[5], 导致槲皮素在水中溶解度仅为0.01 mg·mL-1 [6]。另外, 槲皮素易受氧、pH、温度、金属离子等因素的影响, 在胃肠道中稳定性差, 使其口服生物利用度极低[7, 8]。为增加槲皮素的生物利用度, 研究者开发了脂质体[9]、介孔二氧化硅载药系统[10, 11]等纳米载药系统提高槲皮素的溶解度, 然而, 这些载药系统具有载药量低、材料不稳定或生物相容性欠佳等问题, 当前仍需开发新型的槲皮素载药制剂。
UiO-66 (University of Oslo 66) 是一种锆基金属有机骨架材料(metal-organic frameworks, MOFs), 是[Zr6O4(OH)4] 金属团簇与12个对苯二甲酸配位形成的[12], 是MOFs中金属团簇与有机配体配位数最高的, 其结构耐高温、耐高压, 而且具有很强的耐酸性和一定的耐碱性。UiO-66极高的比表面积和孔隙率有利于多种类型药物的大量负载, 可以作为一种良好的药物载体。如Dang等[13]以UiO-66为药物载体, 吸附中药活性成分姜黄素, 吸附量可达392.22 mg·g-1。然而, 本研究前期实验结果表明, 直接以UiO-66吸附槲皮素效果不理想, 需要选择适宜的方法对UiO-66进行改性, 改善UiO-66对槲皮素的吸附性能。
热碱解技术是一种新型、环保的MOFs改性策略。该策略通过高温碱解去除MOFs的配体, 同时改变MOFs的组成、晶型、密度、表面结构和吸附性能, 在调节MOFs性能方面显示出巨大潜力[12]。据报道, 通过碱解技术得到的材料比前驱体MOFs具有更好的稳定性和更大的比表面积[14]。本研究之前的工作发现, 适宜的热碱解处理可以明显改善UiO-66对中药活性成分没食子酸的装载和释放[15]。在此基础上, 作者发现UiO-66经另一种热碱解方法处理后具有装载槲皮素的潜力。
因此, 本研究以UiO-66作为前驱体, 以适宜的热碱解技术制备新材料UiO-66-BH (UiO-66-blend-heating), 表征其理化性质, 考察其细胞毒性, 探讨UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附过程和机制; 制备UiO-66-BH@槲皮素载药系统, 考察载药系统中槲皮素的释放行为, 并评价载药系统的抗氧化能力, 为槲皮素载药制剂的研发提供理论基础。
仪器   DV215CD十万分之一天平(上海奥豪斯仪器有限公司); BZF-30真空干燥箱(上海博迅医疗生物仪器股份有限公司); SB-5200DTDN超声清洗机(宁波新芝生物科技股份有限公司); TGL16M高速离心机(长沙湘智离心机仪器有限公司); HY-4调速多用振荡器(常州国华电器有限公司); pHS-3C型pH计(上海仪电科学仪器股份有限公司); SU8100扫描电子显微镜(日本Hitachi公司); X' Pert Pro MPD多功能X射线衍射仪(英国Malvern Panalytical公司); Tensor Ⅱ红外光谱仪(德国Bruker公司); ZCT-B综合热分析仪(北京精仪高科仪器有限公司); ZEN3690粒度分析仪(英国Malvern Panalytical公司); TriStar Ⅱ 3020全自动比表面与孔隙度分析仪(美国Micromeritics公司); SHA-BA气浴恒温振荡器(金坛荣华仪器制造有限公司); UV-1200型紫外-可见分光光度仪(上海美谱达仪器有限公司); HERA cell 150i CO2培养箱(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); Spectra Max Plus 384酶标仪(美国Molecular Devices公司); SW-CJ-2D超净工作台(苏州净化设备有限公司)。
药品和试剂   槲皮素(纯度 > 97.0%, 批号C10623828) 和Dulbecco改良培养基购自上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司; 氯化锆(纯度 > 98.0%, 批号C2003120)、对苯二甲酸(纯度 > 99.0%, 批号D2030030)、噻唑蓝溴化四唑(thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide, MTT, 纯度 > 98.0%, 批号530R0512) 和2, 2′-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐[2, 2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt, ABTS, 纯度 > 98.0%, 批号F2218097] 购自上海阿拉丁生化科技有限公司; N, N-二甲基甲酰胺(N, N-dimethylformamide, DMF), 纯度 > 99.5%, 批号RH195472, 购自上海易恩化学技术有限公司; 1, 1-二苯基-2-苦味基肼(1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH, 纯度 > 98.0%, 批号523F021) 购于北京索莱宝科技有限公司; 人正常肝细胞株(L02)、人正常结肠上皮细胞(NCM460) 购自上海生命科学研究院; 其他试剂均为分析纯。
UiO-66的合成   采用溶剂热法制备UiO-66: 称取氯化锆1.06 g和对苯二甲酸0.76 g溶于50 mL DMF中, 室温搅拌至溶液澄清后, 加入7.59 mL乙酸超声处理5 min, 转移至具有聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压釜中, 置于烘箱中120 ℃反应24 h, 自然冷却至室温后, 4 000 r·min-1离心10 min, 收集白色沉淀物。将获得的白色产物分别用DMF和乙醇洗涤数次, 过滤后, 60 ℃真空干燥12 h, 得到UiO-66。
UiO-66碱解物的制备   取UiO-66 100 mg与30 mL KOH溶液(0.2 mol·L-1) 在具有聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压釜中混合均匀后, 密封, 于120 ℃反应3 h, 待溶液自然冷却至室温后, 4 000 r·min-1离心10 min, 收集下层沉淀物, 分别以超纯水和乙醇洗涤数次, 过滤后于60 ℃真空干燥12 h, 即得UiO-66-BH。另取UiO-66 100 mg与30 mL KOH溶液(0.2 mol·L-1) 分别加热到120 ℃后迅速混合于具有聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压釜, 密封, 在120 ℃反应3 h, 待溶液自然冷却至室温后, 4 000 r·min-1离心10 min, 收集下层沉淀物, 洗涤、过滤后真空干燥, 得到UiO-66-SH (UiO-66-separated heating)。最后取100 mg UiO-66加入到30 mL KOH溶液(0.2 mol·L-1) 中, 混合均匀后室温反应3 h, 离心、洗涤、过滤、真空干燥后得到UiO-66-RT (UiO-66-room temperature)。
材料表征   扫描电子显微镜: 对材料进行喷金处理后, 在5.0 kV电压下进行扫描; X射线衍射: 2θ的记录范围为5~70°, 步长和持续时间分别为0.02°和12 s; 傅里叶变换红外光谱: 设置扫描范围为4 000~400 cm-1; 热重分析: 准确称取干燥后的样品, 以氮气为测试载气, 温度测试范围为30~800 ℃, 升温速率为10 ℃·min-1; 粒度分析: 用甲醇分散材料后, 选择以下工作参数进行测定: 红色激光633 nm, 粒径范围0.3 nm~5 μm, 散射角90°, 测试温度25 ℃, 折射率1.33, 平衡时间120 s, 自动循环次数; 氮吸附-解吸测量: 在-195.85 ℃、0.05~1 P/P0相对压力范围内进行。
标准曲线的建立   准确称取槲皮素适量, 以乙醇溶解并定容至50 mL, 得槲皮素储备液。取系列体积储备液以乙醇依次稀释后, 得到质量浓度分别为1.73、2.58、3.43、4.28、5.12 μg·mL-1的槲皮素溶液。以溶剂为空白, 在200~500 nm范围内进行紫外扫描, 确定最大吸收波长。以标准溶液浓度(C) 为横坐标, 最大吸收波长处吸光度(A) 为纵坐标, 绘制标准曲线。
等温吸附实验   为了探索材料对槲皮素的吸附过程和原理, 采用等温吸附实验对各材料平衡吸附容量与溶液中药物浓度之间的关系进行研究[15]。精密称取干燥至恒重的材料约5.0 mg, 分别加入5 mL系列浓度槲皮素溶液, 封口膜密封后, 于25 ℃、300 r·min-1振荡2 h。滤过, 取上清液, 按上述所建方法测定其中槲皮素的浓度。
以公式1计算各吸附介质对槲皮素的吸附量并绘制等温吸附曲线:
$ {Q_{\rm{e}}} = ({C_{\rm{o}}} - {C_{\rm{e}}}) \times V/W $
其中, Qe (mg·g-1) 为单位质量吸附介质对槲皮素的平衡吸附量; Co (μg·mL-1) 为吸附前溶液中槲皮素的质量浓度; Ce (μg·mL-1) 为吸附后平衡溶液中槲皮素的质量浓度; V (mL) 为槲皮素溶液的体积; W (mg) 为材料的质量。
为了进一步描述UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附过程, 采用Langmuir (公式2) 与Freundlich (公式3) 两种模型对等温吸附曲线进行拟合。
$C_{\mathrm{e}} / Q_{\mathrm{e}}=C_{\mathrm{e}} / Q_{\mathrm{m}}+1 /\left(K_1 \times Q_{\mathrm{m}}\right) $
$\lg Q_{\mathrm{e}}=m \lg C_{\mathrm{e}}+\lg K_{\mathrm{f}}$
式中, Qe (mg·g-1) 是平衡吸附容量; Ce (mg·L-1) 是吸附后平衡溶液中槲皮素的质量浓度; Kl (L·mg-1) 是Langmuir常数; Qm是最大理论吸附容量; Kf (mg·g-1) 是Freundlich常数; m是异质性因子(m = 1/n)。
吸附动力学实验   采用吸附动力学实验对材料平衡吸附容量与吸附时间之间的关系进行研究[15]。精密称取干燥至恒重的材料约5.0 mg, 加入1 000 μg·mL-1槲皮素乙醇溶液5 mL, 密封后置于恒温振荡器中振荡, 分别在1、10、30、60、90和120 min取出其中一个离心管, 滤过后, 取上清液, 通过测定上清液中槲皮素的浓度计算材料对槲皮素的吸附量, 以吸附时间为横坐标, 吸附量为纵坐标绘制吸附动力学曲线。为了进一步研究材料对槲皮素的吸附机制, 采用准一级动力学方程(公式4) 与准二级动力学方程(公式5) 对吸附动力学数据进行拟合。
$ \ln \left(Q_{\mathrm{e}}-Q_{\mathrm{t}}\right)=\ln Q_{\mathrm{e}}-k_1 t $
$ t / Q_t=1 /\left(k_2 \times Q_{\mathrm{e}} \times Q_{\mathrm{e}}\right)+t / Q_{\mathrm{e}}$
式中, Qe (mg·g-1) 是平衡时的吸附容量, Qt (mg·g-1) 是时间“t”的吸附容量, k1为准一级动力学方程吸附速率常数, k2为准二级动力学方程吸附速率常数。
细胞毒性考察   考察不同浓度材料对NCM460和L02细胞的细胞毒性。在96孔板中按每孔100 μL (5×105 mL-1) 接种细胞, 37 ℃培养24 h后, 加入100 μL材料质量浓度分别为0、0.1、1、10、100、1 000 μg·mL-1的培养基, 继续培养24 h之后, 用100 μL MTT溶液(5 mg·mL-1) 替换培养基, 继续培养4 h后, 去除上清液, 每孔加入100 μL二甲基亚砜裂解, 振荡至孔内颗粒完全溶解后, 于490 nm波长处测定各孔吸光度。以公式6计算细胞活力(cell viability, CV)。
$\mathrm{CV}=\left(A_{\mathrm{t}} / A_{\mathrm{c}}\right) \times 100 \%$
其中, At为经材料处理后细胞裂解液对应的吸光度值, Ac为对照组细胞裂解液对应的吸光度值。
槲皮素装载   根据实验计算得到的UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附量, 并参考文献方法装载槲皮素[10, 11], 简而言之: 将UiO-66-BH和槲皮素按照质量比20∶3, 分别投入至1 mL无水乙醇中, 室温下搅拌均匀后继续搅拌至溶剂完全挥发, 超纯水洗涤3次后, 40 ℃真空干燥12 h, 即得UiO-66-BH@槲皮素载药系统。
载药量的计算: 取2 mg载药系统分散在适量体积的乙醇中, 室温搅拌2 h后, 10 000 r·min-1离心10 min, 分离上清液, 置换新鲜乙醇继续搅拌; 重复上述操作数次。测定所有上清液中槲皮素的含量, 按公式7计算载药系统的药物负载能力(drug loading capability, DLC):
$\operatorname{DLC}(\%)=W_{\mathrm{A}} / W_{\mathrm{B}} \times 100 \%$
其中, WA为载药系统中槲皮素的质量(mg), WB为载药系统的质量(mg)。
载药系统中槲皮素释放行为考察   参考文献[15]考察载药系统中槲皮素在模拟胃液(simulated gastric fluid, SGF, pH 1.2) 和模拟肠液(simulated intestinal fluid, SIF, pH 7.4) 中的释放情况。取载药系统2 mg, 分散于1 mL 1%吐温80溶液中, 迅速转入透析袋中密封, 之后将透析袋移入40 mL SGF (含1%吐温80) 中, 37 ℃孵育2 h。然后, 将透析袋从SGF中取出, 置于含40 mL SIF (含1%吐温80) 中, 37 ℃孵育4 h。在整个释放实验过程中, 在SGF中每隔15 min, 在SIF中每隔30 min, 取1 mL释放介质测定药物浓度, 同时加入等温等量新鲜释放介质, 保持释放体积的恒定。同时称取与2 mg载药系统中所含槲皮素等质量的槲皮素原料药, 按上述方法考察槲皮素原料药的释放情况。
按公式8计算槲皮素的累积释放百分比:
$ {Q}_{n}=\left({C}_{n}\times {V}_{0}+{V}_{\mathrm{i}}\sum\limits _{i=1}^{n-1}{C}_{\mathrm{i}}\right)\times 100\mathrm{\%}/m $
其中Qn表示第n次取样时的累计释放率(%); Cn表示第n次取样时释放介质中药物的质量浓度(mg·mL-1); Ci表示第i次取样时释放介质中药物的质量浓度(mg·mL-1); V0表示释放介质的体积(mL); Vi表示第i次取样体积(mL); m表示总药物装载量(mg)。
ABTS自由基清除能力测定   取槲皮素储备液, 以无水乙醇稀释成19.98、39.96、59.94、79.92、99.90 μg·mL-1的溶液, 作为槲皮素样品溶液; 精密称定UiO-66-BH@槲皮素载药系统, 以无水乙醇分散成153.33、306.67、461.33、613.33、766.67 μg·mL-1的溶液, 作为载药系统样品溶液, 临用现配。参考Meng等[16]的方法, 以超纯水配制7.4 mmol·L-1 ABTS和2.6 mmol·L-1过硫酸钾溶液, 二者等体积混合后于25 ℃避光反应16 h, 得到产生ABTS自由基的基液。取适量ABTS基液, 以磷酸缓冲盐溶液(phosphate buffered saline, PBS溶液) 稀释至在734 nm处吸光度为0.70 ± 0.02, 得到ABTS工作液。取40 μL样品与4 mL ABTS工作液混合反应5 min, 以PBS为空白, 按公式9检测样品的ABTS清除能力:
$ \mathrm{ABTS} \text { 清除能力 }(\%)=\left[\left(A_{\mathrm{c}}-A_{\mathrm{s}}\right) / A_{\mathrm{c}}\right] \times 100 $
式中, Ac为等量无水乙醇与ABTS工作液反应后的吸光度, As为样品溶液与ABTS工作液反应后的吸光度。
DPPH自由基清除能力测定   根据文献[16]方法, 称取DPPH适量, 以无水乙醇配制成浓度为0.1 mmol·L-1的DPPH溶液。分别取DPPH溶液4 mL与各样品溶液4 mL充分混合后, 置于暗处反应30 min, 通过紫外-可见分光光度计在517 nm处测定混合溶液的吸光度, 并按公式10计算样品的DPPH自由基清除能力(%):
$\mathrm{DPPH} \text { 清除能力 }(\%)=\left[1-\left(A_{\mathrm{t}}-A_{\mathrm{b}}\right) / A_{\mathrm{c}}\right] \times 100 $
式中, At为样品溶液与DPPH溶液反应后的吸光度, Ab为样品溶液与等量无水乙醇反应后的吸光度, Ac为等量乙醇与DPPH溶液反应后的吸光度。
经紫外扫描, 槲皮素在374 nm具有最大吸收。拟合得到回归方程: A = 0.073 0C + 0.006 0, R2 = 0.999 6, 线性范围1.73~5.12 μg·mL-1
有文献[14]报道称, 不同的碱解反应条件将影响MOFs所得材料的表面形态和孔隙率。不同的碱解反应条件包括原料混合与加热顺序、碱液浓度等。根据预实验结果, 实验选择120 ℃为反应温度, KOH溶液浓度为0.2 mol·L-1。UiO-66与碱液在室温条件下反应、混合后于120 ℃反应、各加热至120 ℃混合后继续在120 ℃反应, 得到的产物分别为UiO-66-RT、UiO-66-BH和UiO-66-SH。
各材料对槲皮素的等温吸附曲线如图 1所示, 由图可知, UiO-66、UiO-66-RT、UiO-66-BH和UiO-66-SH 4种材料对槲皮素的吸附量随溶液中槲皮素浓度的增大呈现不同的增长趋势。其中, UiO-66、UiO-66-RT对槲皮素的吸附行为基本类似, 均呈现出较低的吸附能力。而经加热碱解处理得到的UiO-66-BH和UiO-66-SH对槲皮素的吸附量明显增加。可能是因为在室温条件下, 配体对苯二甲酸解离不完全, 此时在UiO-66-RT表面形成的孔道空间不足[14], 仍不足以充分地装载槲皮素。经过加热碱解处理后获得的UiO-66-BH和UiO-66-SH表面的孔隙比UiO-66-RT变大, 足够装载摩尔质量为302.236 g·mol-1的槲皮素, 所以UiO-66-BH和UiO-66-SH对槲皮素的吸附能力明显改善。与UiO-66-SH相比, UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附量更优, 可能是由于与碱液混合后加热获得的材料具有更适于槲皮素的孔隙大小和更多的吸附位点, 因此, 选择UiO-66-BH作为槲皮素的吸附材料进行后续的表征及吸附实验考察。
UiO-66和UiO-66-BH的表面结构和形貌结果见图 2A。如图所示, UiO-66为对称的正八面体, 表面较光滑, 粒径在300 nm左右, 整体形貌与文献[17]报道相似。UiO-66-BH表面形态发生了明显的变化, 仅维持正八面体的轮廓, 配体的解离使粒径明显减小且原本光滑的表面变得粗糙, 粗糙的表面为后续药物的装载提供了空间和结合位点。
UiO-66和UiO-66-BH的XRD图谱如图 2B所示, UiO-66分别在2θ为7.40°、8.53°、25.75°和30.74°处观测到明显的晶体衍射峰, 与文献[15]报道一致。而在UiO-66-BH的XRD图谱中, 上述位置的晶体衍射峰明显减弱, 甚至趋向于无定型状态的低矮、宽阔波形[15], 表明混合后加热碱解明显破坏了UiO-66的晶体结构, 产生的UiO-66-BH具有完全不同的晶体形态。
UiO-66和UiO-66-BH的FT-IR结果如图 2C所示, UiO-66光谱中666、743和1 400 cm-1位置处强的吸收峰可分别归因于配体对苯二甲酸结构中苯环C-H面外弯曲振动和-COOH中-OH的面内弯曲振动, 结果与文献[18]报道基本一致。相比之下, UiO-66-BH光谱中对苯二甲酸的特征吸收峰均消失, 且在2 400 cm-1附近出现明显的Zr-O吸收峰, 可能是由于混合后加热解离配体对苯二甲酸导致的。
UiO-66和UiO-66-BH的热稳定性考察结果如图 2D所示。随着温度的升高, UiO-66分别出现了3次明显的质量丢失, 其中: 100~150 ℃区间的失重最有可能是由于其中残留水分的蒸发; 200~300 ℃左右的失重可归因于材料孔隙中残留的DMF的损失, 在500~550 ℃左右观察到的幅度最大的失重可能是由于对苯二甲酸配体在高温环境下分解成CO和CO2所致[19]。经过热碱解处理得到的UiO-66-BH比较稳定, 加热至800 ℃仍未出现明显的失重, 这可能是由于UiO-66材料中对苯二甲酸配体经过混合后加热碱解被清除。TGA结果表明, 混合后加热碱解处理得到的材料比UiO-66具有更优异的热稳定性。
UiO-66和UiO-66-BH的粒径分布结果见图 2E。从图中可知, UiO-66粒径分布范围在120~1 280 nm之间, 而UiO-66-BH粒径分布范围在60~1 100 nm之间, 结果表明, 经混合后加热碱解处理得到的材料粒径减小。结合SEM和TGA结果可推测, 混合后加热碱解消除了材料中的对苯二甲酸配体, 导致UiO-66-BH粒径减小。
UiO-66和UiO-66-BH的氮气吸附-解吸附等温线如图 2F所示。UiO-66和UiO-66-BH中均可观察到Ⅳ型等温线且伴有明显的H1型迟滞回线。Ⅳ型等温线对应的是多孔吸附剂出现毛细凝聚现象的体系, 在中等相对压力时UiO-66和UiO-66-BH均发生毛细凝聚, Ⅳ型等温线上升得很快, 随后毛细凝聚结束后, 等温线出现吸附终止平台[20, 21]。Ⅳ型等温线还反映UiO-66和UiO-66-BH均与吸附质相互作用力强, 且这两种材料的孔径分布均在2~50 nm之间[20]。H1型迟滞回线表明UiO-66和UiO-66-BH均是孔径分布相对较窄或尺寸较均匀的介孔材料[21]。所得材料的表面积、孔隙容量和孔隙大小结果也印证了这一点。如表 1示, UiO-66的Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 表面积为216.94 m2·g-1, 而UiO-66-BH的BET表面积为107.34 m2·g-1; UiO-66的孔隙容量为0.13 m3·g-1, 孔隙大小为5.19 nm; UiO-66-BH的孔隙容量为0.30 m3·g-1, 孔隙大小为11.48 nm。UiO-66-BH的表面积比UiO-66小, 但孔隙容量和孔隙大小有明显提高, 这可能是由于混合后加热碱解使对苯二甲酸配体解离导致的。
为了描述UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附过程, 采用Langmuir与Freundlich模型对等温吸附数据进行拟合, 拟合所得相关参数如表 2所示。结果显示, UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附更倾向于Langmuir模型(R2: 0.882 3 > 0.669 8), 表明UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附倾向于单分子层吸附行为[22]
UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附动力学曲线如图 3所示。从图中可以看出, 随着吸附时间的延长, UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附量也逐渐增加。
为考察UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附机制, 分别采用准一级动力学方程与准二级动力学方程拟合所得的吸附动力学参数。结果如表 2所示, 准二级吸附动力学方程拟合所得相关系数优于准一级吸附动力学方程。表明UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附动力学更符合准二级动力学模型, 该吸附过程受控于化学吸附作用, 吸附剂与相应药物之间可能存在电子对共用或转移[23]
采用MTT法考察UiO-66-BH对NCM460和L02细胞的生物安全毒性, 如图 4所示, 与对照组相比, 不同浓度的UiO-66-BH不会降低两种细胞的活力, 表明UiO-66-BH可以作为安全的载药材料使用。
经计算, UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的载药量为13.20% ± 0.07% ($\bar{x}$ ± s, n = 3)。
释放介质的pH值对释放情况有显著影响。为了更好地模拟体内真实情况, 释放前期使用酸性介质, 释放后期改用碱性介质[24]。载药系统中槲皮素的累积释放率情况如图 5所示。槲皮素原料药在模拟人体胃液环境中释放量随时间延长明显增加, 在120 min达到23%左右。相比之下, 载药系统中槲皮素在模拟人体胃液环境中释放速率较慢, 在模拟人体胃液环境中滞留120 min (食物在胃中留滞的时间) 后释放量仅达到3%左右。这可能是由于载药系统中槲皮素与UiO-66-BH之间的化学作用力在酸性条件下不容易被破坏, 从而抑制了其中槲皮素在模拟胃液中的释放。
转移到模拟肠液中后, 槲皮素原料药的累积释放率在360 min内突增到31.56%, 随后显著下降, 最终的累积释放率维持在11%左右。槲皮素含量下降的原因可能是在碱性的SIF环境中, 槲皮素C环受到羟基离子的攻击, 从而发生降解导致[25]。相比之下, UiO-66-BH载药系统中槲皮素在SIF中的释放速度较慢, 并在达到峰值(38.87%, 1 440 min) 后维持在相对稳定的水平(~38%)。可能原因是槲皮素持续从载药系统中释放, 药物的释放速度与降解速度相互博弈, 最终表现为一个相对稳定的槲皮素释放速率。由于小肠是槲皮素吸收的主要场所, 这种释放特性可能将大幅度地提高槲皮素的口服生物利用度。
槲皮素原料药及载药系统对ABTS自由基清除能力结果见图 6A。槲皮素原料药对ABTS自由基清除能力随槲皮素浓度增加而增强, 相比之下, 槲皮素载药系统对ABTS自由基清除能力有所下降, 但仍表现出明显的清除ABTS自由基的能力, 该清除能力随载药系统浓度增加而增大, 呈现出类似槲皮素的变化趋势。
槲皮素原料药及载药系统对DPPH自由基清除能力结果见图 6B。与文献[26]报道一致, 槲皮素原料药显示出良好的DPPH自由基清除能力, 而实验制备的载药系统对DPPH自由基的清除能力与游离槲皮素相差不大, 表明UiO-66-BH的装载不会影响槲皮素对DPPH自由基的清除能力。
本文通过采用混合后加热碱解方法处理UiO-66, 得到的UiO-66-BH具有良好的热稳定性、高孔隙率和优良的生物安全性, 实现了对溶解度低、口服生物利用度差的槲皮素的成功负载。UiO-66-BH对槲皮素的吸附表现出单分子层吸附行为, 且其吸附过程受控于化学吸附作用。UiO-66-BH可以控制槲皮素在模拟胃液和模拟肠液中的释放, 并可以使模拟肠液中槲皮素浓度维持在一个较高水平, 有希望作为吸附材料提高槲皮素的口服生物利用度。另外, 该载药系统表现出在胃中抑制药物释放的潜力, 可能为在胃液中不稳定的中药活性成分的装载提供不错的选择。
致谢: 山西医科大学药学院周江韬教授为本研究提供NCM460细胞。
作者贡献: 畅瑞苗、李勇负责研究思路的提出、撰写文章并负责修改; 张艳洋、康安娟、张广彬、余彦平、任俊照参与实验实施及数据处理; 陈安家负责论文写作指导。
利益冲突: 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(32200323)
  • 山西省基础研究计划(20210302124190)
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2023年第58卷第9期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2023-0101
  • 接收时间:2023-02-02
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-09-12
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  • 收稿日期:2023-02-02
  • 修回日期:2023-05-16
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(32200323)
山西省基础研究计划(20210302124190)
作者信息
    1.山西医科大学药学院, 山西 太原 030001
    2.山西白求恩医院 (山西医学科学院同济山西医院), 山西医科大学第三医院, 山西 太原 030032
    3.华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院, 湖北 武汉 430030
    4.山西立业制药有限公司, 山西 太原 030021

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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