Article(id=1198624410967049193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624396437975057, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1373, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1670860800000, receivedDateStr=2022-12-13, revisedDate=1674316800000, revisedDateStr=2023-01-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763703928939, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1678550400000, pubDateStr=2023-03-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763703928939, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763703928939, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763703928939, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198624396437975057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='804', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763703925474, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763704091914, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198625094596657875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624396437975057, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198625094596657876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624396437975057, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=767, endPage=772, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198624411319369745, articleId=1198624410967049193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Determination of purity of a new anti-fatty liver drug IMH by differential scanning calorimetry method and uncertainty evaluation, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The purity of 4,4′-dimethoxy-5,6,5′,6′-bis (methylenedioxy)-2′-morpholine methylenebiphenyl-2-methyl formate methanesulfonate (IMH), a new drug for fatty liver treatment, was determined through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Analysis of two-factor non repeatability method was performed in the investigation the effects of two factors (heating rate and sample weight) on purity determination. The DSC experimental parameters were optimized as follows: heating rate was 10 ℃·min-1, temperature range was 150-300 ℃, sample weight was 2.0-4.1 mg, and N2 flow rate was 80 mL·min-1. The linear correlation coefficient (r) of this DSC method was 0.999 8. The RSD value (n = 6) of precision was 0.03%. The standard value and uncertainty of the purity results of the multiple batches of IMH drugs were (99.74 ± 0.29)%, (99.91 ± 0.28)%, (99.90 ± 0.28)%, and (99.81 ± 0.28)% with inclusion factor (K) of 2 and confidence probability (P) of 0.95. The results were basically consistent with the results of the mass balance method. The DSC mehod is a simple, rapid and accurate method, and provides a new reference method for determining the purity of IMH drugs, improves the accuracy and reliability of purity determination.

, correspAuthors=Qing-yun YANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hui-hui SHAO, Kang-fan LEI, Tong QIN, Wen-xuan ZHANG, Song WU, Qing-yun YANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198624412758016160, articleId=1198624410967049193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=抗脂肪肝新药IMH的差示扫描量热法纯度定值研究及不确定度评估, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

建立差示扫描量热法(differential scanning calorimetry, DSC), 测定脂肪肝治疗新药4,4′-二甲氧基-5,6,5′,6′-双(亚甲二氧基)-2′-吗啉亚甲基联苯-2-甲酸甲酯甲磺酸盐(简称IMH) 的纯度。采用双因素无重复性方差分析, 优化DSC实验参数为升温速率10 ℃·min-1, 温度区间150~300 ℃, 称样量范围2.0~4.1 mg, N2流速80 mL·min-1; 该DSC方法验证的线性相关系数r = 0.999 8; 精密度RSD (n = 6) 为0.03%; 多批次IMH药物纯度测定结果的标准值及不确定度分别为(99.74 ± 0.29)%、(99.91 ± 0.28)%、(99.90 ± 0.28)%、(99.81 ± 0.28)%, 包含因子K = 2, 置信概率P = 0.95, 其结果与质量平衡法测定结果基本一致。该DSC方法简便、快捷、准确, 为IMH纯度定值提供新的方法, 提高了IMH药物纯度测定的准确性和可靠性。

, correspAuthors=杨庆云, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*杨庆云, E-mail:
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IMH: 4,4′-Dimethoxy-5,6,5′,6′-bis (methylenedioxy)-2′-morpholine methylenebiphenyl-2-methyl formate methanesulfonate , figureFileSmall=VdBx9U/Z4zXJTrqzeeP+uQ==, figureFileBig=W9I+ftzbOfBZlhno4l3AFg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198702059424936717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=CaJiu51Wf70MqLxxKlhN3w==, figureFileBig=rgWFPvnHSXpjPhPmp8itUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198702059580125980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of different heating rate (sample weight 3 mg) , figureFileSmall=CaJiu51Wf70MqLxxKlhN3w==, figureFileBig=rgWFPvnHSXpjPhPmp8itUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198702059773063975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=dESvG8bwh40be8MSW9WitQ==, figureFileBig=B44rSH1g2uyoykpTauDIRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198702059898893106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= DSC curves of sample weight 2.0-4.1 mg (heating rate 10 ℃·min<sup>-1</sup>) , figureFileSmall=dESvG8bwh40be8MSW9WitQ==, figureFileBig=B44rSH1g2uyoykpTauDIRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198702060037305145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Heating rate/℃·min-1 Purity results of different sample weight/%
2.0-2.2 mg 2.5-2.7 mg 3.0-3.2 mg 3.9-4.1 mg
1 99.650 99.541 99.531 99.610
2 99.653 99.684 99.639 99.741
3 99.602 99.766 99.682 99.709
4 99.741 99.752 99.789 99.682
5 99.728 99.705 99.677 99.774
6 99.567 99.704 99.743 99.781
7 99.751 99.750 99.619 99.763
8 99.731 99.742 99.750 99.548
9 99.649 99.713 99.724 99.742
10 99.399 99.699 99.744 99.745
11 99.703 99.690 99.620 99.744
12 99.712 99.628 99.688 99.762
13 99.664 99.686 99.636 99.725
14 99.663 99.699 99.705 99.587
15 99.668 99.705 99.658 99.754
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Two-factor non repeatability test results of heating rate and sample weight

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Heating rate/℃·min-1 Purity results of different sample weight/%
2.0-2.2 mg 2.5-2.7 mg 3.0-3.2 mg 3.9-4.1 mg
1 99.650 99.541 99.531 99.610
2 99.653 99.684 99.639 99.741
3 99.602 99.766 99.682 99.709
4 99.741 99.752 99.789 99.682
5 99.728 99.705 99.677 99.774
6 99.567 99.704 99.743 99.781
7 99.751 99.750 99.619 99.763
8 99.731 99.742 99.750 99.548
9 99.649 99.713 99.724 99.742
10 99.399 99.699 99.744 99.745
11 99.703 99.690 99.620 99.744
12 99.712 99.628 99.688 99.762
13 99.664 99.686 99.636 99.725
14 99.663 99.699 99.705 99.587
15 99.668 99.705 99.658 99.754
), ArticleFig(id=1198702060431569747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Source of difference SS df MS F P-value F crit
Heating rate 0.076 50 14 0.005 46 1.09 0.39 1.94
Sample weight 0.023 07 3 0.007 69 1.54 0.22 2.83
Error 0.209 94 42 0.005 00
Total 0.309 51 59
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Analysis of variance results with heating rate and sample weight. SS: Stdev square; df: Degree freedom; MS: Mean square

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Source of difference SS df MS F P-value F crit
Heating rate 0.076 50 14 0.005 46 1.09 0.39 1.94
Sample weight 0.023 07 3 0.007 69 1.54 0.22 2.83
Error 0.209 94 42 0.005 00
Total 0.309 51 59
), ArticleFig(id=1198702060662256486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample weight/mg Endothermic peak area/mJ Purity/% Average purity/% RSD/%
2.12 222.01 99.697 99.73 0.03
2.51 259.03 99.746
2.81 292.04 99.758
3.22 331.31 99.742
3.85 393.11 99.708
4.01 412.53 99.706
), ArticleFig(id=1198702060809057140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=

Linearity and precision of the DSC method

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample weight/mg Endothermic peak area/mJ Purity/% Average purity/% RSD/%
2.12 222.01 99.697 99.73 0.03
2.51 259.03 99.746
2.81 292.04 99.758
3.22 331.31 99.742
3.85 393.11 99.708
4.01 412.53 99.706
), ArticleFig(id=1198702061027160964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch No. DSC method Mass balance method
Purity±U/% HPLC/% Loss on drying/% Residue on ignition/% Purity/%
20180608 99.74 ± 0.29 99.89 0.17 0.05 99.67
20211001 99.91 ± 0.28 99.92 0.02 0.05 99.85
20211101 99.90 ± 0.28 99.94 0.04 0.05 99.85
20220622 99.81 ± 0.28 99.93 0.02 0.05 99.86
), ArticleFig(id=1198702061287207828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624410967049193, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison of purity determination results between DSC method and mass balance method. Purity% = HPLC% (100% - Loss on drying% - Residue on ignition%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch No. DSC method Mass balance method
Purity±U/% HPLC/% Loss on drying/% Residue on ignition/% Purity/%
20180608 99.74 ± 0.29 99.89 0.17 0.05 99.67
20211001 99.91 ± 0.28 99.92 0.02 0.05 99.85
20211101 99.90 ± 0.28 99.94 0.04 0.05 99.85
20220622 99.81 ± 0.28 99.93 0.02 0.05 99.86
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抗脂肪肝新药IMH的差示扫描量热法纯度定值研究及不确定度评估
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邵会会 , 雷康璠 , 秦通 , 张文轩 , 吴松 , 杨庆云 *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023,58(3): 767-772
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2023, 58(3): 767-772
抗脂肪肝新药IMH的差示扫描量热法纯度定值研究及不确定度评估
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邵会会, 雷康璠, 秦通, 张文轩, 吴松, 杨庆云*
作者信息
  • 中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药物研究所, 天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室, 北京 100050

通讯作者:

*杨庆云, E-mail:
Determination of purity of a new anti-fatty liver drug IMH by differential scanning calorimetry method and uncertainty evaluation
Hui-hui SHAO, Kang-fan LEI, Tong QIN, Wen-xuan ZHANG, Song WU, Qing-yun YANG*
Affiliations
  • State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
出版时间: 2023-03-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1373
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建立差示扫描量热法(differential scanning calorimetry, DSC), 测定脂肪肝治疗新药4,4′-二甲氧基-5,6,5′,6′-双(亚甲二氧基)-2′-吗啉亚甲基联苯-2-甲酸甲酯甲磺酸盐(简称IMH) 的纯度。采用双因素无重复性方差分析, 优化DSC实验参数为升温速率10 ℃·min-1, 温度区间150~300 ℃, 称样量范围2.0~4.1 mg, N2流速80 mL·min-1; 该DSC方法验证的线性相关系数r = 0.999 8; 精密度RSD (n = 6) 为0.03%; 多批次IMH药物纯度测定结果的标准值及不确定度分别为(99.74 ± 0.29)%、(99.91 ± 0.28)%、(99.90 ± 0.28)%、(99.81 ± 0.28)%, 包含因子K = 2, 置信概率P = 0.95, 其结果与质量平衡法测定结果基本一致。该DSC方法简便、快捷、准确, 为IMH纯度定值提供新的方法, 提高了IMH药物纯度测定的准确性和可靠性。

抗脂肪肝药物  /  差示扫描量热法  /  纯度测定  /  不确定度  /  质量控制

The purity of 4,4′-dimethoxy-5,6,5′,6′-bis (methylenedioxy)-2′-morpholine methylenebiphenyl-2-methyl formate methanesulfonate (IMH), a new drug for fatty liver treatment, was determined through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Analysis of two-factor non repeatability method was performed in the investigation the effects of two factors (heating rate and sample weight) on purity determination. The DSC experimental parameters were optimized as follows: heating rate was 10 ℃·min-1, temperature range was 150-300 ℃, sample weight was 2.0-4.1 mg, and N2 flow rate was 80 mL·min-1. The linear correlation coefficient (r) of this DSC method was 0.999 8. The RSD value (n = 6) of precision was 0.03%. The standard value and uncertainty of the purity results of the multiple batches of IMH drugs were (99.74 ± 0.29)%, (99.91 ± 0.28)%, (99.90 ± 0.28)%, and (99.81 ± 0.28)% with inclusion factor (K) of 2 and confidence probability (P) of 0.95. The results were basically consistent with the results of the mass balance method. The DSC mehod is a simple, rapid and accurate method, and provides a new reference method for determining the purity of IMH drugs, improves the accuracy and reliability of purity determination.

anti fatty liver drug  /  differential scanning calorimetry  /  purity determination  /  uncertainty  /  quality control
邵会会, 雷康璠, 秦通, 张文轩, 吴松, 杨庆云. 抗脂肪肝新药IMH的差示扫描量热法纯度定值研究及不确定度评估. 药学学报, 2023 , 58 (3) : 767 -772 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1373
Hui-hui SHAO, Kang-fan LEI, Tong QIN, Wen-xuan ZHANG, Song WU, Qing-yun YANG. Determination of purity of a new anti-fatty liver drug IMH by differential scanning calorimetry method and uncertainty evaluation[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2023 , 58 (3) : 767 -772 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1373
化学药品的纯度测定是质量研究的重要内容, 尤其是化学对照品的标定, 对药品含量测定的准确性有着至关重要的影响。根据国际标准化组织(International Organization for Standardization, ISO) 颁布的指导原则(ISO GUIDE 35-2006) 要求, 标准物质的定值研究需要经过两种或者两种以上的分析方法才能确定。纯度测定一般采用色谱法包括高效液相色谱法(HPLC) 或气相色谱法(GC)[1]、定量核磁技术(QNMR)[2]、滴定[3]和差示扫描量热法(DSC) 等技术手段。对于大多数的创新性药物, 由于还没有公认的对照品供应, 在采用色谱方法进行纯度测定时, 需要同时采用其他分析方法对标定结果进行佐证; 而采用QNMR方法对仪器设备和人员有较高的专业要求; 滴定方法对于化学结构中无特征酸碱基团的药物亦不适用。DSC方法作为一种纯度测定的绝对方法, 与普通的高效液相色谱法比较, 无需对杂质成分进行鉴定及分离、无需配制复杂的校准物质、亦无须使用毒性较大的有机溶剂[4, 5], 且其操作简单、分析效率高、重现性好, 样品用量少, 可同时获得药品的DSC曲线[6], 也不需要溯源的标准物质等优势, 适用于热稳定性良好的化学药品的纯度测定。已有多位研究者[7-13]采用DSC方法对化学药品进行纯度定值, 结果显示DSC方法对化学药品的纯度定值具有简便、快速、样品用量少和测定准确的优点, 可与其他纯度测定方法互相取长补短, 有利于化学药品的准确定值。同时, 利用热分析技术还可以同时得到药品的熔点、晶型、结晶水、吸附水等[14-16]理化性质和结构信息。
脂肪性肝病是全球流行的主要肝脏疾病之一, 患病率逐年增加, 目前全球尚无理想的临床治疗药物。IMH化学名称为4,4′-二甲氧基-5,6,5′,6′-双(亚甲二氧基)-2′-吗啉亚甲基联苯-2-甲酸甲酯甲磺酸盐, 作为自主研发的对脂肪性肝病有明确疗效的化学1类新药[17, 18], 目前已完成全部临床前研究, 治疗指数高, 安全性好, 即将进入临床研究。为顺利开展IMH的定值研究, 并进一步完善其质量研究, 本论文建立并验证了一种DSC方法, 对多批次的IMH原料药进行纯度定值分析及不确定度评估, 不确定度的大小决定了测量结果的使用价值[19], 并与质量平衡法[20-22]定值结果进行对比, 保证了DSC方法对IMH纯度定值的可靠性。本DSC方法为该类新药的质量控制提供了简单易操作且定值准确的纯度测定方法。
材料   差示扫描量热仪(型号DSC-1, 瑞士Mettler Toledo公司); 热重分析仪(型号TGA/DSC-1, 瑞士Mettler Toledo公司); 高效液相色谱仪(型号Thermo U3000, 赛默飞世尔科技有限公司); 电子天平(型号AB135-S, 瑞士Mettler Toledo公司); 铟(国家一级热标准物质, 批号ME-119942, 熔点156.6 ℃, 熔融焓变28.64 J·g-1); IMH原料药, 自制(中国医学科学院药物研究所, 批号20180608、20211001、20211101、20220622)。
DSC分析方法   称取IMH原料药2.0~4.1 mg, 置于40 μL标准铝坩埚中, 压盖, 放入DSC仪中, 以40 μL标准空铝坩埚为参比, 升温速率为10 ℃·min-1, 温度区间150~300 ℃, N2流速80 mL·min-1, 记录DSC曲线。采用Mettler Toledo公司的Stare software分析软件计算IMH样品的纯度。
热重(thermal gravimetric analyzer, TGA) 分析方法   取IMH原料药约3 mg, 置于70 μL标准陶瓷坩埚中, 升温速率10 ℃·min-1, 升温区间40~400 ℃, N2流速80 mL·min-1, 记录热重分析曲线, 计算失重百分比。
HPLC色谱条件   采用Waters symmetry C18色谱柱(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), 流动相为pH 4.0甲酸胺缓冲液(取水900 mL, 加入甲酸1 mL, 用三乙胺调节pH至4.0, 加水至1 000 mL)-乙腈(60∶40), 流速0.7 mL·min-1, 检测波长230 nm, 柱温35 ℃, 进样体积20 μL, 等度洗脱。记录色谱图及峰面积, 采用峰面积归一化法进行纯度测定。
其他测定   根据质量平衡法的要求, 分别采用中国药典2020版干燥失重测定法(通则0831) 和炽灼残渣检查法(通则0841), 对样品中除主成分外的其他杂质如水分、挥发性物质和非挥发性杂质进行检查。
DSC纯度计算公式    DSC纯度测定的基本原理是共熔体系熔点降低原理。Mettler Toledo公司的Stare software软件是通过修正后的Van't Hoff方程计算物质的纯度, 公式1、2如下:
$ {T}_{\mathrm{f}}={T}_{0}-\frac{R{T}_{0}^{2}}{\mathrm{\Delta }H}x\frac{{A}_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{t}}+c}{{A}_{\mathrm{p}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{t}}+c} $
$ \frac{1}{F}=\frac{{A}_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{t}}+c}{{A}_{\mathrm{p}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{t}}+c} $
式中: Tf表示熔融温度, 单位为K; T0表示纯物质的熔点, 单位为K; R表示气体常数, 为8.314 J·K-1·mol-1; x表示需要测定的未知杂质含量(摩尔分数); ΔH表示物质的摩尔熔融焓变值, 单位为J·mol-1; Atot表示主成分熔融峰的总面积; Apart表示主成分熔融峰的部分面积; F表示熔融分数, 等于主成分熔融峰的部分面积与总面积之比; c表示线性修正系数。由上述公式可知, Tf与1/F呈线性关系, 其函数关系图为Van't Hoff图(或1/F图) 纵坐标截距即为T0, 而待测的杂质含量x可由斜率计算得到。
该方法进行系统的验证, 主峰线性方程y = 1.813 9x - 0.017 9, r = 0.999 9, 各成分精密度RSD%均小于1.08%, 各杂质的回收率的范围为98.35%~105.78%之间, 表明本方法的准确度良好。
在DSC纯度定值过程中, 残留溶剂、升温速率和称样量等因素会对结果产生影响, 因此对这些因素的影响程度进行考察, 优化并确定DSC测定参数。
TGA分析法可准确测量物质的质量与温度的关系, 本研究采用TGA分析方法分析IMH原料药中残留溶剂情况, 见图 1, 结果显示, 多批次IMH原料药(active pharmaceutical ingredient, API) 样品在40~240 ℃内基线平直, 无明显失重现象, 说明样品中无结晶水或结晶溶剂等残留溶剂存在, 240 ℃之后开始分解失重。可排除残留溶剂对样品纯度测定的干扰。
升温速率和称样量是DSC纯度检测的两个重要影响因素, 升温速率可影响DSC曲线的峰形和趋势, 升温速率过大会导致样品加热不均匀, 峰形变宽, 测定结果准确度降低, 升温速率过小, 准确度较高, 但是分析时间较长且曲线不光滑; 称样量影响检测灵敏度, 称样量少有助于提高检测灵敏度, 过多会导致传热不均匀, 峰形扩大, 分辨力下降。
本研究采用双因素无重复性方差分析的方法筛选合适的升温速率和称样量。升温速率筛选范围为1~15 ℃·min-1, 按公差为1 ℃·min-1进行考察。DSC方法的常规称样量约为3 mg, 因此将称样量范围设计为2.0~4.1 mg之间, 选择2.0~2.2 mg、2.5~2.7 mg、3.0~3.2 mg和3.9~4.1 mg四个称量区间为代表, 对称样量的影响进行考察。不同条件下IMH原料药纯度测定和方差分析结果见表 12, 结果显示, 升温速率(P = 0.39 > 0.05) 和称样量(P = 0.22 > 0.05) 对IMH原料药纯度测定均无显著影响。
图 23可知, 同一水平称样量, 升温速率过小峰较矮胖, 升温速率过大导致测量结果差异较大; 当升温速率为10 ℃·min-1, 称样量在2.0~4.1 mg之间时, DSC曲线基本一致, 峰形较好。
综合DSC曲线、纯度测定结果及实验耗时情况确定升温速率为10 ℃·min-1, 称样量为2.0~4.1 mg。因此, 在保证实验完整和分析准确的前提下, 为提高分析工作的效率, 将温度区间设置为150~300 ℃。
取不同质量(2.0~4.1 mg) 的IMH原料药6份, 在差示扫描量热仪上以升温速率10 ℃·min-1, 温度区间150~300 ℃进行纯度测定, 记录DSC曲线, 结果见表 3, 纯度测定结果的RSD值为0.03%; 以IMH原料药的称样量为横坐标, 测得的吸热峰面积为纵坐标进行最小二乘法计算, 得到线性方程为y = 100.26x + 8.880 7, 线性相关系数r为0.999 8。本方法具有较好的线性和精密度。
按照DSC分析方法, 连续测定10份IMH原料药样品的纯度, 结果分别为99.680%、99.725%、99.755%、99.802%、99.680%、99.731%、99.798%、99.765%、99.705%、99.765%, 经过格拉布斯检验进行可疑值排除, 计算得G = 1.396。查格拉布斯临界值表知G0.95(10) = 2.176, 因为G < G0.95(10), 所以10组数据无可疑值存在。DSC纯度标准值为99.74%, 标准偏差s = 4.40×10-4
参考文献[23-25], DSC测定结果的不确定度主要来源为铟标定焓变ui1、测量过程ui2、称量过程ui3、仪器温度ui4和纯度分析软件ui5
根据JJG 936-2012《示差扫描热量计检定规程》[26], 取标准物质铟6.17 mg, 置于40 μL标准铝坩埚中, 以相同空坩埚为参比, 升温速率10 ℃·min-1, 升温范围120~180 ℃, 连续测定6次, 熔融焓变平均值$\bar{x}$为27.74 J·g-1, 标准偏差s为9.66×10-2, 用铟标定焓变时产生的不确定度为: ui1 = s/$ \sqrt[]{n} $ = 9.66×10-2/$ \sqrt[]{6} $ = 3.94×10-2, 相对标准不确定度ur1 = 3.94×10-2/27.74 = 1.42×10-3
4.1项下10组纯度测量结果的标准偏差s = 4.40×10-4, 按A类不确定度进行计算, 即ui2 = s/$ \sqrt[]{n} $ = 4.40×10-4/$ \sqrt[]{10} $ = 1.39×10-4, 相对标准不确定度ur2 = 1.39×10-4/99.74% = 1.39×10-4
称量过程中产生的不确定度按B类不确定度进行计算, 由公式1建立样品纯度测定的不确定度模型为公式3:
$ X=[1-\frac{({T}_{0}-{T}_{\mathrm{f}})\mathrm{\Delta }H}{\mathrm{R}{T}_{0}^{2}} ]×100% $
式3中: ΔH表示物质的摩尔熔融焓变值, 单位J·mol-1; Tf表示熔融温度, 单位为K; T0表示纯物质的熔点, 单位为K; R表示气体常数, 为8.314 J·K-1·mol-1; X表示物质的含量(摩尔分数)。
由天平产生的不确定度为公式4:
$ \frac{\partial X}{\partial m}dm=\frac{({T}_{0}-{T}_{\mathrm{f}})\mathrm{\Delta }H}{\mathrm{R}{T}_{0}^{2}m}dm $
使用电子天平的精度为0.01 mg, 误差dm = 0.02 mg, 10份样品称量的最小称样量m = 3.75 mg, T0 mean = 505.19 K、Tf mean = 505.11 K, R = 8.314 J·K-1·mol-1, ΔHmean = 60.743 0 kJ·mol-1, 将各数据带入公式4计算的不确定度为1.22×10-5, 本实验不确定度按均匀分布考虑, 根据JJF1059.1-2012[27]可知标准不确定度的包含因子K = $ \sqrt[]{3} $, 因此ui3 = 1.22×10-5/$ \sqrt[]{3} $ = 7.05×10-6, 相对标准不确定度ur3 = 7.05×10-6/3.75 = 1.88×10-6
仪器温度偏差产生的不确定度属于B类不确定度。仪器温度偏差产生的不确定度为公式5:
$ ( \frac{\partial X}{\partial {T}_{0}}+\frac{\partial X}{\partial {T}_{\mathrm{f}}} )dT = \frac{2\mathrm{\Delta }H}{\mathrm{R}{T}_{0}^{2}}(\frac{{T}_{\mathrm{f}}}{{T}_{0}}-1) dT $
DSC经过校准, 仪器温度偏差dT = 0.01 K, 将数据带入公式5求得仪器温度偏差产生的标准不确定度ui4 = 9.07×10-8, 相对标准不确定度ur4 = 9.07×10-8/0.01 = 9.07×10-6
Stare software软件偏差产生的不确定度和标准不确定度属于B类不确定度。10份样品纯度测定的误差分别为0.000 278 870%、0.000 264 413%、0.000 207 330%、0.000 159 448%、0.000 358 913%、0.000 274 833%、0.000 179 812%、0.000 191 594%、0.000 285 965%、0.000 196 509%, 最大值为0.000 358 913%, 按均匀分布计算, 标准不确定度ui5 = 0.000 358 913%/$ \sqrt[]{3} $ = 2.07×10-6, 相对标准不确定度ur5 = 2.07×10-6/99.74% = 2.08×10-6
合成标准不确定度uc由各分量相对标准不确定度的平方和开根号合成计算可得, 即: uc = $ \sqrt[]{{u}_{\mathrm{r}1}^{2}+{u}_{\mathrm{r}2}^{2}+{u}_{\mathrm{r}3}^{2}+{u}_{\mathrm{r}4}^{2}+{u}_{\mathrm{r}5}^{2}} $ = 0.001 43。
扩展不确定度U = Kuc, 置信概率P = 0.95时, 包含因子K = 2, 即U = 0.001 43×2 = 0.002 86 = 0.29%, 则样品纯度结果的标准值及不确定度表示为(99.74 ± 0.29)%, K = 2, 置信概率P = 0.95。
采用该DSC分析方法对多批次IMH药物进行纯度定值及不确定度的评估, 并将质量平衡法得到的结果与HPLC方法进行比较, 结果表明, 两种纯度定值方法的结果基本一致, 如表 4所示。
本文采用DSC分析技术, 通过双因素无重复性方差分析对测定过程的影响因素进行考察, 建立并验证了脂肪肝治疗新药IMH的纯度定值方法, 并采用国际标准物质研制评估所用的不确定度评估模型, 对定值不确定度进行评估。DSC方法得到的纯度定值结果与已验证质量平衡法的定值结果基本一致, 无显著差别。采用DSC方法进行纯度测定可克服质量平衡法过程繁琐, 技术水平要求高等缺点, 与质量平衡法互为补充, 可根据实际情况交替使用, 也进一步提高了IMH纯度测定结果的准确性和可靠性。以上研究为新药IMH的质量控制提供了有效、快捷的技术手段, 有力促进该新药的研究开发, 保证将来临床应用的有效性和安全性。
作者贡献: 邵会会和杨庆云负责实验数据的获得和处理; 邵会会、杨庆云和吴松负责对文章搭建框架、撰写和修改; 雷康璠、秦通和张文轩提供不同批次的IMH原料药。
利益冲突: 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
  • 中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-028)
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2023年第58卷第3期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1373
  • 接收时间:2022-12-13
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-03-12
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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-13
  • 修回日期:2023-01-22
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中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-028)
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    中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药物研究所, 天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室, 北京 100050

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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