Article(id=1198628674875524022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198628666650493481, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1669737600000, receivedDateStr=2022-11-30, revisedDate=1685116800000, revisedDateStr=2023-05-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763704945533, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1689091200000, pubDateStr=2023-07-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763704945533, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763704945533, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763704945533, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198628666650493481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='7', pageStart='0', pageEnd='1980', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763704943573, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766137716668, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208832456644490122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198628666650493481, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208832456644490123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198628666650493481, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1931, endPage=1939, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198628675177513944, articleId=1198628674875524022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=A multiomics comparative study on the intervention of fecal microbiota transplants of Fengshining on rheumatoid arthritis, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The study aims to investigate the mechanism of Fengshining fecal microbiota transplants in the intervention of rheumatoid arthritis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field obitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). All animal welfare and experimental procedures followed the regulations of the Medical Ethics Committee of Shanxi University of Chinese medicine. The rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, fecal microbiota transplantation group and Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside group, and the collagen induced arthritis (CIA) was established. The changes of body weight and metatarpodal lesions of rats were evaluated. The serum of rats in each group was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and metagenomic technology for differential metabolites and microflora. The protein expression levels of Toll-like receptors (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor of kappa B (NF-κB p65) were detected by Western blot. A total of 13 different metabolites, including arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, 13S-hydroxyoctadecanodienoic acid and L-phenylalanine were screened from serum. Three metabolic pathways, including phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism were identified through pathway enrichment. Metagenomic analysis showed that the abundance of g_Bacteroides, g_Prevotella and p_Actinobacteria in CIA group was higher. The abundance of c_Clostridia, g_Akkermansia and s_Akkermansia_muciniphila in fecal microbiota transplantation group is higher. The hierarchical cluster heat map showed that Akkermansia was negatively correlated with L-phenylalanine; while positively correlated with docosahexaenoic acid. Prevotella was positively correlated with L-phenylalanine. Fecal microbiota transplantation group could significantly inhibit the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and p65 proteins in the synovium of rats (P < 0.01). The anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects of fecal microbiota transplantation group is closely related to the intervention of the metabolism of phenylalanine and arachidonic acid, through Akkermansia, Prevotella and other microorganisms, inhibition the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

, correspAuthors=Tao PENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yan-miao MA, Jia-jin HAO, Ming-ran LIU, Bo SONG, Fu-xia WEI, Tao PENG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198628677895422069, articleId=1198628674875524022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=风湿宁粪菌移植物干预类风湿关节炎的多组学比较研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

运用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法(ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field obitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry, UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS) 及宏基因组学技术, 探讨风湿宁粪菌移植干预类风湿关节炎的作用机制。所有动物福利和实验过程均遵循山西中医药大学医学伦理委员会的规定。将大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、粪菌移植组、雷公藤多苷组, 建立大鼠胶原诱导关节炎(collagen induced arthritis, CIA) 模型。评估大鼠体重变化、足跖病变情况, 采用液质联用、宏基因组技术对各组大鼠血清进行差异代谢物、菌群分析, Western blot检测Toll样受体4 (Toll-like receptors, TLR4)、TLR4启动髓系分化初级反应蛋白88 (myeloid differentiation factor88, MyD88) 和核因子-κB p65 (nuclear factor of kappa B, NF-κB p65) 的蛋白表达量。从大鼠血清中共筛选出13种差异代谢物: 花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、13S-羟基十八碳二烯酸和L-苯丙氨酸等, 经通路富集筛选出3条代谢通路: 苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢, 花生四烯酸代谢。宏基因组分析发现CIA组g_Bacteroides、g_Prevotella、p_Actinobacteria丰度较高; FMT-F组c_Clostridia、g_Akkermansia、s_Akkermansia_muciniphila丰度较高。层次聚类热图显示, 阿克曼菌(Akkermansia) 与L-苯丙氨酸呈负相关, 与二十二碳六烯酸呈正相关; 普雷沃菌(Prevotella) 与L-苯丙氨酸呈正相关。FMT-F能够明显抑制大鼠滑膜TLR4、MyD88和p65蛋白的表达(P < 0.01)。风湿宁粪菌移植治疗类风湿关节炎可能与其通过Akkermansia、Prevotella等微生物干预苯丙氨酸、花生四烯酸代谢, 抑制TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB通路, 发挥抗炎效应有关。

, correspAuthors=彭涛, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*彭涛, Tel: 86-351-3179702, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2023, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=vH137ak5S6mpk9WZgHuREg==, magXml=EcTob4K8/2umE56uqqGp6g==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=FRWc88V9hETzEEwLQy8dAA==, pdfFileSize=4140904, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=FRLeNkJsQCNFVwudkZZ8xQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=GnxScWko++asKF1R2C0HMQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=马艳苗, 郝佳瑨, 刘明燃, 宋博, 魏福霞, 彭涛)}, authors=[Author(id=1198960099822760652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960099973755615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960099822760652, language=EN, stringName=Yan-miao MA, firstName=Yan-miao, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960100087001843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960099822760652, language=CN, stringName=马艳苗, firstName=艳苗, middleName=null, lastName=马, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960099294278276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099311055495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099327832715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619)])]), Author(id=1198960100284134152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960100489655072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960100284134152, language=EN, stringName=Jia-jin HAO, firstName=Jia-jin, middleName=null, lastName=HAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2. Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960100732924727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960100284134152, language=CN, stringName=郝佳瑨, firstName=佳瑨, middleName=null, lastName=郝, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.沈阳药科大学, 辽宁 沈阳 110016, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960099432690331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099436884638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099432690331, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099453661855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099432690331, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.沈阳药科大学, 辽宁 沈阳 110016)])]), Author(id=1198960100934251342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960101122995046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960100934251342, language=EN, stringName=Ming-ran LIU, firstName=Ming-ran, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960101244629877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960100934251342, language=CN, stringName=刘明燃, firstName=明燃, middleName=null, lastName=刘, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960099294278276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099311055495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099327832715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619)])]), Author(id=1198960101408207750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960101643088800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960101408207750, language=EN, stringName=Bo SONG, firstName=Bo, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960101815055276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960101408207750, language=CN, stringName=宋博, firstName=博, middleName=null, lastName=宋, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960099294278276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099311055495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099327832715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619)])]), Author(id=1198960102028964800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960102255457246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960102028964800, language=EN, stringName=Fu-xia WEI, firstName=Fu-xia, middleName=null, lastName=WEI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960102519698408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960102028964800, language=CN, stringName=魏福霞, firstName=福霞, middleName=null, lastName=魏, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960099294278276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099311055495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099327832715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619)])]), Author(id=1198960102687470580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=Pengtao5197220@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198960102834270211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960102687470580, language=EN, stringName=Tao PENG, firstName=Tao, middleName=null, lastName=PENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, *, address=3. Shanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Taiyuan 030013, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198960102972682255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, authorId=1198960102687470580, language=CN, stringName=彭涛, firstName=涛, middleName=null, lastName=彭, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, *, address=3.山西省中西医结合医院, 山西 太原 030013, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960099625628339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099634016949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099625628339, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Shanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Taiyuan 030013, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099646599863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099625628339, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.山西省中西医结合医院, 山西 太原 030013)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1198960103312420902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Fengshining), Keyword(id=1198960103517941813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=fecal microbiota transplant), Keyword(id=1198960103673131068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=gut microbiota), Keyword(id=1198960103857680460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=rheumatoid arthritis), Keyword(id=1198960103979315285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=metabolomics), Keyword(id=1198960104096755807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=风湿宁), Keyword(id=1198960104256139367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=粪菌移植), Keyword(id=1198960104440688751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=肠道菌群), Keyword(id=1198960104633626747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=类风湿关节炎), Keyword(id=1198960104797204616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=代谢组学)], refs=[Reference(id=1198960108353974631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=53, issue=null, pageStart=550, pageEnd=559, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jing ZQ, Wang X, Yan TY, et al. Construction of folate receptors and mitochondria targeting celastrol-loaded PAMAM nano-drug delivery system and its in vitro anti-inflammatory effect[J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2023, 53: 550-559., articleTitle=Construction of folate receptors and mitochondria targeting celastrol-loaded PAMAM nano-drug delivery system and its in vitro anti-inflammatory effect, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960108555301242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1111/imcb.12311, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=98, issue=null, pageStart=171, pageEnd=186, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=Immunol Cell Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Karami J, Aslani S, Tahmasebi MN, et al. Epigenetics in rheumatoid arthritis; fibroblast‐like synoviocytes as an emerging paradigm in the pathogenesis of the disease[J]. Immunol Cell Biol, 2020, 98: 171-186., articleTitle=Epigenetics in rheumatoid arthritis; fibroblast‐like synoviocytes as an emerging paradigm in the pathogenesis of the disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960108647575937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1038/s41588-020-00763-1, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=53, issue=null, pageStart=156, pageEnd=165, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=Nat Genet, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kurilshikov A, Medina GC, Bacigalupe R, et al. Large-scale association analyses identify host factors influencing human gut microbiome composition[J]. Nat Genet, 2021, 53: 156-165., articleTitle=Large-scale association analyses identify host factors influencing human gut microbiome composition, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960108840513934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=33, issue=null, pageStart=1224, pageEnd=1227, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGWS202306020.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=Chin J Microecol (中国微生态学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou X, Wu XY, Li XS, et al. Progress in research on the relationship between human microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Chin J Microecol (中国微生态学杂志), 2021, 33: 1224-1227., articleTitle=Progress in research on the relationship between human microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960108945371545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=null, pageStart=124, pageEnd=128, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZMXZ202212023.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=Chin J Immunol (中国免疫学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang JP, Gui M. Role of enteric microbiota in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis on cradiovascular risk[J]. Chin J Immunol (中国免疫学杂志), 2021, 37: 124-128., articleTitle=Role of enteric microbiota in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis on cradiovascular risk, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960109071200676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1080/19490976.2020.1754097, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=249, pageEnd=252, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=Gut Microbes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Savkovic SD. Gut microbes effects on host metabolic alterations in health and disease[J]. Gut Microbes, 2020, 11: 249-252., articleTitle=Gut microbes effects on host metabolic alterations in health and disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960109167669679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=12, issue=null, pageStart=4238, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=Front Immunol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mei L, Yang Z, Zhang X, et al. Sustained drug treatment alters the gut microbiota in rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Front Immunol, 2021, 12: 4238., articleTitle=Sustained drug treatment alters the gut microbiota in rheumatoid arthritis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960109306081727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=7, issue=null, pageStart=806, pageEnd=809, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SJZX202306006.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=World J Integr Tradit Western Med (世界中西医结合杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma YM, Wang YH, Li YY, et al. Primary pharmacodynamics research on Fengshining capsules[J]. World J Integr Tradit Western Med (世界中西医结合杂志), 2012, 7: 806-809., articleTitle=Primary pharmacodynamics research on Fengshining capsules, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960109423522250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=33, issue=null, pageStart=1552, pageEnd=1556, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIBU202307003.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=Chin J Integr Tradit West Med (中国中西医结合杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma YM, Li YY, Wang YH, et al. Effect of Fengshining capsule on reactive oxygen species-mediated T Cell activation and apoptosis of synovium[J]. Chin J Integr Tradit West Med (中国中西医结合杂志), 2013, 33: 1552-1556., articleTitle=Effect of Fengshining capsule on reactive oxygen species-mediated T Cell activation and apoptosis of synovium, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960109536768469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=41, issue=null, pageStart=812, pageEnd=815, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLXZ202310047.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=Chin J Gerontol (中国老年学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang QB, Tang ML, Li W, et al. Association of intestinal microbiota imbalance with inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Chin J Gerontol (中国老年学杂志), 2021, 41: 812-815., articleTitle=Association of intestinal microbiota imbalance with inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960109666791898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.3389/fimmu.2020.573079, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=573079, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=Front Immunol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Marietta E, Mangalam AK, Taneja V, et al. Intestinal dysbiosis in, and enteral bacterial therapies for, systemic autoimmune diseases[J]. Front Immunol, 2020, 11: 573079., articleTitle=Intestinal dysbiosis in, and enteral bacterial therapies for, systemic autoimmune diseases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960109792621032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=52, issue=null, pageStart=249, pageEnd=265, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JCXG202307014.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=Sci Sin (Vitae) (中国科学: 生命科学), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei YJ, Li XQ, Ji BY, et al. Recent advances on the recovery, modulation and synthetic biology of gut microbiota and hosts[J]. Sci Sin (Vitae) (中国科学: 生命科学), 2022, 52: 249-265., articleTitle=Recent advances on the recovery, modulation and synthetic biology of gut microbiota and hosts, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960109901672948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=20, issue=null, pageStart=806, pageEnd=816, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dawwas GK, Brensinger CM, Vajravelu RK, et al. Long-term outcomes following multiply recurrent clostridioides difficile infection and fecal microbiota transplantation[J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020, 20: 806-816., articleTitle=Long-term outcomes following multiply recurrent clostridioides difficile infection and fecal microbiota transplantation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960110040084991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=38, issue=null, pageStart=1113, pageEnd=1118, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYX202303013.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=J Shenyang Pharm Univ (沈阳药科大学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang JJ, Hu ZP. The application of metabolomics in the study of precision medicine[J]. J Shenyang Pharm Univ (沈阳药科大学学报), 2021, 38: 1113-1118., articleTitle=The application of metabolomics in the study of precision medicine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960110157525513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1038/s41598-019-44052-2, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=9, issue=null, pageStart=7566, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=Sci Rep, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao J, Jung YH, Jin Y, et al. A comprehensive metabolomics investigation of hippocampus, serum, and feces affected by chronic fluoxetine treatment using the chronic unpredictable mild stress mouse model of depression[J]. Sci Rep, 2019, 9: 7566., articleTitle=A comprehensive metabolomics investigation of hippocampus, serum, and feces affected by chronic fluoxetine treatment using the chronic unpredictable mild stress mouse model of depression, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960110493069859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=2021, issue=null, pageStart=9180635, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=Oxid Med Cell Longev, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang XL, Li L, Zhang TF, et al. GC-MS-Based serum metabolomic investigations on the ameliorative effects of polysaccharide from turpiniae folium in hyperlipidemia rats[J]. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021, 2021: 9180635., articleTitle=GC-MS-Based serum metabolomic investigations on the ameliorative effects of polysaccharide from turpiniae folium in hyperlipidemia rats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960110648259115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.031, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=46, issue=null, pageStart=499, pageEnd=511, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=EBioMedicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Clos GM, Andres MN, Fernandez EG, et al. Gut microbiome and serum metabolome analyses identify molecular biomarkers and altered glutamate metabolism in fibromyalgia[J]. EBioMedicine, 2019, 46: 499-511., articleTitle=Gut microbiome and serum metabolome analyses identify molecular biomarkers and altered glutamate metabolism in fibromyalgia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960110757311028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu F. The Role of Gut Microbiota in Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice (肠道菌群在糖尿病小鼠合并认知功能障碍中的作用) [D]. Suzhou: Soochow University, 2020., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960110891528764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=null, pageStart=1379, pageEnd=1385, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LCGD202307006.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=J Clin Hepatol (临床肝胆病杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gao A, Xu YJ, Lu SW, et al. Effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on intestinal flora in mice with acute-on-chronic liver failure[J]. J Clin Hepatol (临床肝胆病杂志), 2021, 37: 1379-1385., articleTitle=Effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on intestinal flora in mice with acute-on-chronic liver failure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960111017357898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=63, issue=null, pageStart=766, pageEnd=772, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SHZZ202307002.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=J Tradit Chin Med (中医杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou YD, Yang SR, Lu W, et al. Effect of electroacupuncture and fecal microbiota enema after electroacupuncture on the intestinal flora of obese rats[J]. J Tradit Chin Med (中医杂志), 2022, 63: 766-772., articleTitle=Effect of electroacupuncture and fecal microbiota enema after electroacupuncture on the intestinal flora of obese rats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960111118021205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=47, issue=null, pageStart=1632, pageEnd=1641, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu JX, Li JH, Du CH, et al. Metabonomic study of biochemical changes in serum of PCPA-induced insomnia rats after treatment with Suanzaoren Decoction[J]. China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2022, 47: 1632-1641., articleTitle=Metabonomic study of biochemical changes in serum of PCPA-induced insomnia rats after treatment with Suanzaoren Decoction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960111269016160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.3389/fimmu.2020.571049, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=571049, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=Front Immunol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Schmidt CJ, Wenndorf K, Ebbers M, et al. Infection with clostridioides difficile attenuated collagen-induced arthritis in mice and involved mesenteric Treg and Th2 polarization[J]. Front Immunol, 2020, 11: 571049., articleTitle=Infection with clostridioides difficile attenuated collagen-induced arthritis in mice and involved mesenteric Treg and Th2 polarization, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960111457759860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1007/s10067-018-4021-6, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=37, issue=null, pageStart=1493, pageEnd=1502, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=Clin Rheumatol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li J, Che N, Xu L, et al. LC-MS-based serum metabolomics reveals a distinctive signature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Clin Rheumatol, 2018, 37: 1493-1502., articleTitle=LC-MS-based serum metabolomics reveals a distinctive signature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960111596171900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.3899/jrheum.200054, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=null, pageStart=123, pageEnd=128, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=J Rheumatol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhai G, Sun X, Randell EW, et al. Phenylalanine is a novel marker for radiographic knee osteoarthritis progression: the MOST study[J]. J Rheumatol, 2021, 48: 123-128., articleTitle=Phenylalanine is a novel marker for radiographic knee osteoarthritis progression: the MOST study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960111772332686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu L. The Study on in vitro Bioactivity of Linoleic Acid Oxidation Product and its Pro-inflammatory Effect (亚油酸氧化产物的体外活性和促炎作用) [D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2013., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960111910744727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=null, pageStart=278, pageEnd=284, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SPAJ202313011.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=Food Sci (食品科学), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang CJ, Jiang Y, Geng ZM, et al. Progress in research on hydroxyoctadecaenoic acids as oxidation products of linoleic acid[J]. Food Sci (食品科学), 2018, 39: 278-284., articleTitle=Progress in research on hydroxyoctadecaenoic acids as oxidation products of linoleic acid, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960112057545378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.3390/ijms20153683, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=20, issue=null, pageStart=3683, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=Int J Mol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang T, Fu X, Chen Q, et al. Arachidonic acid metabolism and kidney inflammation[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2019, 20: 3683., articleTitle=Arachidonic acid metabolism and kidney inflammation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960112174985901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.3390/ijms19113285, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=19, issue=null, pageStart=3285, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=Int J Mol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sonnweber T, Pizzini A, Nairz M, et al. Arachidonic acid metabolites in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2018, 19: 3285., articleTitle=Arachidonic acid metabolites in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960112300815028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1038/s41392-020-00443-w, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=6, issue=null, pageStart=94, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=Signal Transduct Target Ther, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang B, Wu L, Chen J, et al. Metabolism pathways of arachidonic acids: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets[J]. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2021, 6: 94., articleTitle=Metabolism pathways of arachidonic acids: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960112447615682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1038/s41416-021-01467-x, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=125, issue=null, pageStart=1197, pageEnd=1209, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=Br J Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lee KA, Luong MK, Shaw H, et al. The gut microbiome: what the oncologist ought to know[J]. Br J Cancer, 2021, 125: 1197-1209., articleTitle=The gut microbiome: what the oncologist ought to know, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960112615387865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=null, pageStart=2721, pageEnd=2723, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GLYZ202312029.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=Chin J Clin Pharmacol (中国临床药理学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai YW, Liu JH, Ma N. Research status of arachidonic acid-targeted metabonomics in inflammation[J]. Chin J Clin Pharmacol (中国临床药理学杂志), 2021, 37: 2721-2723., articleTitle=Research status of arachidonic acid-targeted metabonomics in inflammation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960112820908786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=4487, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=Front Immunol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu L, Chang C, Jiang P, et al. Metabolomics in rheumatoid arthritis: advances and review[J]. Front Immunol, 2022, 13: 4487., articleTitle=Metabolomics in rheumatoid arthritis: advances and review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960112984486656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1186/s13075-020-2097-2, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=22, issue=null, pageStart=16, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=Arthritis Res Ther, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Samarpita S, Kim JY, Rasool MK, et al. Investigation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 inhibitor TAK-242 as a new potential anti-rheumatoid arthritis drug[J]. Arthritis Res Ther, 2020, 22: 16., articleTitle=Investigation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 inhibitor TAK-242 as a new potential anti-rheumatoid arthritis drug, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960113127093008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114291, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=235, issue=null, pageStart=114291, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=Eur J Med Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Y, Liang X, Bao X, et al. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitors: current research and prospective[J]. Eur J Med Chem, 2022, 235: 114291., articleTitle=Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitors: current research and prospective, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960113236144926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.3390/molecules25030627, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=25, issue=null, pageStart=627, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=Molecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ain Q, Batool M, Choi S. TLR4-targeting therapeutics: structural basis and computer-aided drug discovery approaches[J]. Molecules, 2020, 25: 627., articleTitle=TLR4-targeting therapeutics: structural basis and computer-aided drug discovery approaches, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960113353585446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=73, issue=null, pageStart=606, pageEnd=616, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYKX202303021.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=Acta Physiol Sin (生理学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bao QK, Zhang X, Zhu Y. Research progress of eicosanoid metabolomics in cardiovascular diseases[J]. Acta Physiol Sin (生理学报), 2021, 73: 606-616., articleTitle=Research progress of eicosanoid metabolomics in cardiovascular diseases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960113441665844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=10.3389/fphar.2020.584090, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=584090, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=Front Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cui H, Li Y, Wang Y, et al. Da-chai-hu decoction ameliorates high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through remodeling the gut microbiota and modulating the serum metabolism[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11: 584090., articleTitle=Da-chai-hu decoction ameliorates high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through remodeling the gut microbiota and modulating the serum metabolism, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198960113567494979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=19, issue=null, pageStart=1414, pageEnd=1424, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=Cell Mol Immunol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang L, Shang M, Yu S, et al. A high-fiber diet synergizes with Prevotella copri and exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Cell Mol Immunol, 2022, 19: 1414-1424., articleTitle=A high-fiber diet synergizes with Prevotella copri and exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1198960107712246075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, awardId=82104731, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(82104731), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198960107808715075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, awardId=2022TD2005, language=CN, fundingSource=山西中医药大学2022年度科技创新团队(2022TD2005), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198960107930349899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, awardId=2021CX012, language=CN, fundingSource=山西中医药大学2021年研究生创新创业项目(2021CX012), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198960108060373332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, awardId=2021Y722, language=CN, fundingSource=2021年度山西省研究生教育创新计划项目(2021Y722), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198960099294278276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099311055495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099327832715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099294278276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960099432690331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099436884638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099432690331, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099453661855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099432690331, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.沈阳药科大学, 辽宁 沈阳 110016)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198960099625628339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099634016949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099625628339, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Shanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Taiyuan 030013, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198960099646599863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, companyId=1198960099625628339, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.山西省中西医结合医院, 山西 太原 030013)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1198960105262772393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=yBa9lIaj8xsXX0i4EO9MqQ==, figureFileBig=7z92oAznDtSEX2d7vkrV6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960105405378734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= Changes of ankle joint and body weight in each group after 21 d of administration. A, B: Effect of FMT-F on joint swelling in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) rats; C: Changes in body weight; NC: Normal control group; CIA: Collagen induced arthritis group; FMT-F: Fecal microbiota transplants-Fengshining group; TG: <i>Tripterygium</i> glycosides group , figureFileSmall=yBa9lIaj8xsXX0i4EO9MqQ==, figureFileBig=7z92oAznDtSEX2d7vkrV6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960105581539515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=sP6OMotk8q9fU3O7WcwYuw==, figureFileBig=ksmkcZPdjEv9DQyMYxfrrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960105719951555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Total plasma flow in positive and negative ion modes. A: Positive ion mode; B: Negative ion mode; C: Principal component analysis (PCA) diagram; D: Hotelling' T<sup>2</sup> diagram , figureFileSmall=sP6OMotk8q9fU3O7WcwYuw==, figureFileBig=ksmkcZPdjEv9DQyMYxfrrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960105887723724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=cClkZJ2hoHDa4GkyOvwlpQ==, figureFileBig=KTs6nb8/b7rIWDb8KuhoAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960106072273110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= Effect of fecal microbiota transplants on metabolites of CIA rats. A: Venn diagram of different metabolites between CIA & NC, CIA group & FMT-F group; B: Heat maps of 13 differential metabolites; C: Content changes of different differential metabolites in each group (<i>n</i> = 5-8, <i><span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black">x</span></i> ± <i>s</i>). <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05 <i>vs</i> NC group; <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05 <i>vs</i> CIA group , figureFileSmall=cClkZJ2hoHDa4GkyOvwlpQ==, figureFileBig=KTs6nb8/b7rIWDb8KuhoAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960106244239587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=duXTRbsQHpNyvmIXP35OOA==, figureFileBig=6gotfdYEwtpWmL/j7uUhjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960106437177581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Analysis of metabolic pathway of differential metabolites of Fengshining (FSN) fecal microbiota transplants. A: Differential metabolite pathway analysis; B: Metabolite sets enrichment overview , figureFileSmall=duXTRbsQHpNyvmIXP35OOA==, figureFileBig=6gotfdYEwtpWmL/j7uUhjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960106579783926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=XXeyxDTBnO4Jk8Dln68bYQ==, figureFileBig=ZqYnPNeknqwDJFQE9epG5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960106743361790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Effect of fecal microbiota transplants of FSN on gut microbiota of CIA rats. A: Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) diagram of CIA <i>vs</i> FMT-F differential bacteria; B: Comparison of bacteria in each group; C: Correlation analysis between genus level bacteria and differential metabolites (<i>n</i> = 5-8, <i><span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black">x</span></i> ± <i>s</i>). <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01, <sup>***</sup><i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> NC group; <sup>#</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05 <i>vs</i> CIA group , figureFileSmall=XXeyxDTBnO4Jk8Dln68bYQ==, figureFileBig=ZqYnPNeknqwDJFQE9epG5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960106936299787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=IuV6607jzsixK2ITd3UJGw==, figureFileBig=nWn49ACM8GKy2mWWZAsjNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960107083100434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= Effect of fecal microbiota transplants of FSN on TLR4, MyD88 and p65 protein expression. A, B: Protein expression of Toll-like receptors4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor88 (MyD88) and p65 (<i>n</i> = 5-8, <i><span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black">x</span></i> ± <i>s</i>). <sup>*</sup><i>P</i> < 0.05, <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> NC group; <sup>##</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> CIA group , figureFileSmall=IuV6607jzsixK2ITd3UJGw==, figureFileBig=nWn49ACM8GKy2mWWZAsjNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960107255066907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=dnMFuxhkxwK5Yb+HwC0KxA==, figureFileBig=ZMUOzSIPuT2Jb1VFmig/2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198960107443810599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198628674875524022, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption= Mechanism diagram of influence of arachidonic acid metabolism on rheumatoid arthritis , figureFileSmall=dnMFuxhkxwK5Yb+HwC0KxA==, figureFileBig=ZMUOzSIPuT2Jb1VFmig/2A==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1189982048455397383, delFlag=0, nameCn=药学学报, nameEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0513-4870, eissn=null, cn=11-2163/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1761643429151, updatedTime=1761735768113, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, picEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369346338783397, language=CN, name=药学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768160, updatedTime=1761735768160, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369346376532134, language=EN, name=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735768169, updatedTime=1761735768169, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/journalx_yxxb/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189982191388893191, websiteList=[Website(id=1189982271588340489, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761643482348, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643498101, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=药学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982873114448678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643625763, updateTime=1761643625763, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873093477155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643625758, updateTime=1761643625758, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873135420201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625768, updateTime=1761643625768, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873085088546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643625756, updateTime=1761643625756, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873152197419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625772, updateTime=1761643625772, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873110254373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761643625762, updateTime=1761643625762, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873143808810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643625770, updateTime=1761643625770, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873101865764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761643625760, updateTime=1761643625760, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873122837287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643625765, updateTime=1761643625765, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982873127031592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271588340489, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643625766, updateTime=1761643625766, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189982271655449355, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189982191388893191, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761643482364, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761643514085, updateBy=18614031015, name=药学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189982903015633534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761643632892, updateTime=1761643632892, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902990467707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761643632886, updateTime=1761643632886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903036605057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632897, updateTime=1761643632897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902982079098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=w+t2v8bJnX5lh3+hRRJcDA==, createTime=1761643632884, updateTime=1761643632884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903053382275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632901, updateTime=1761643632901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903007244925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761643632890, updateTime=1761643632890, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903044993666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761643632899, updateTime=1761643632899, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982902998856316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761643632888, updateTime=1761643632888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903019827839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761643632893, updateTime=1761643632893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189982903028216448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189982271655449355, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761643632895, updateTime=1761643632895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=药学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.yxxb.com.cn/aps, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=BTxjudbJDVO4PqdBR6On6Q==, journalPhotoEn=c4l1ckL55nWbhl1KrFdWIA==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/EN/PDF/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
风湿宁粪菌移植物干预类风湿关节炎的多组学比较研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
马艳苗 1 , 郝佳瑨 2 , 刘明燃 1 , 宋博 1 , 魏福霞 1 , 彭涛 3, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023,58(7): 1931-1939
收起
收藏切换
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023, 58(7): 1931-1939
风湿宁粪菌移植物干预类风湿关节炎的多组学比较研究
全屏
马艳苗1, 郝佳瑨2, 刘明燃1, 宋博1, 魏福霞1, 彭涛3, *
作者信息
  • 1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619
  • 2.沈阳药科大学, 辽宁 沈阳 110016
  • 3.山西省中西医结合医院, 山西 太原 030013

通讯作者:

*彭涛, Tel: 86-351-3179702, E-mail:
A multiomics comparative study on the intervention of fecal microbiota transplants of Fengshining on rheumatoid arthritis
Yan-miao MA1, Jia-jin HAO2, Ming-ran LIU1, Bo SONG1, Fu-xia WEI1, Tao PENG3, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China
  • 2. Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
  • 3. Shanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Taiyuan 030013, China
出版时间: 2023-07-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308
文章导航
收藏切换

运用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法(ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field obitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry, UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS) 及宏基因组学技术, 探讨风湿宁粪菌移植干预类风湿关节炎的作用机制。所有动物福利和实验过程均遵循山西中医药大学医学伦理委员会的规定。将大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、粪菌移植组、雷公藤多苷组, 建立大鼠胶原诱导关节炎(collagen induced arthritis, CIA) 模型。评估大鼠体重变化、足跖病变情况, 采用液质联用、宏基因组技术对各组大鼠血清进行差异代谢物、菌群分析, Western blot检测Toll样受体4 (Toll-like receptors, TLR4)、TLR4启动髓系分化初级反应蛋白88 (myeloid differentiation factor88, MyD88) 和核因子-κB p65 (nuclear factor of kappa B, NF-κB p65) 的蛋白表达量。从大鼠血清中共筛选出13种差异代谢物: 花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、13S-羟基十八碳二烯酸和L-苯丙氨酸等, 经通路富集筛选出3条代谢通路: 苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢, 花生四烯酸代谢。宏基因组分析发现CIA组g_Bacteroides、g_Prevotella、p_Actinobacteria丰度较高; FMT-F组c_Clostridia、g_Akkermansia、s_Akkermansia_muciniphila丰度较高。层次聚类热图显示, 阿克曼菌(Akkermansia) 与L-苯丙氨酸呈负相关, 与二十二碳六烯酸呈正相关; 普雷沃菌(Prevotella) 与L-苯丙氨酸呈正相关。FMT-F能够明显抑制大鼠滑膜TLR4、MyD88和p65蛋白的表达(P < 0.01)。风湿宁粪菌移植治疗类风湿关节炎可能与其通过Akkermansia、Prevotella等微生物干预苯丙氨酸、花生四烯酸代谢, 抑制TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB通路, 发挥抗炎效应有关。

风湿宁  /  粪菌移植  /  肠道菌群  /  类风湿关节炎  /  代谢组学

The study aims to investigate the mechanism of Fengshining fecal microbiota transplants in the intervention of rheumatoid arthritis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field obitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). All animal welfare and experimental procedures followed the regulations of the Medical Ethics Committee of Shanxi University of Chinese medicine. The rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, fecal microbiota transplantation group and Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside group, and the collagen induced arthritis (CIA) was established. The changes of body weight and metatarpodal lesions of rats were evaluated. The serum of rats in each group was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and metagenomic technology for differential metabolites and microflora. The protein expression levels of Toll-like receptors (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor of kappa B (NF-κB p65) were detected by Western blot. A total of 13 different metabolites, including arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, 13S-hydroxyoctadecanodienoic acid and L-phenylalanine were screened from serum. Three metabolic pathways, including phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism were identified through pathway enrichment. Metagenomic analysis showed that the abundance of g_Bacteroides, g_Prevotella and p_Actinobacteria in CIA group was higher. The abundance of c_Clostridia, g_Akkermansia and s_Akkermansia_muciniphila in fecal microbiota transplantation group is higher. The hierarchical cluster heat map showed that Akkermansia was negatively correlated with L-phenylalanine; while positively correlated with docosahexaenoic acid. Prevotella was positively correlated with L-phenylalanine. Fecal microbiota transplantation group could significantly inhibit the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and p65 proteins in the synovium of rats (P < 0.01). The anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects of fecal microbiota transplantation group is closely related to the intervention of the metabolism of phenylalanine and arachidonic acid, through Akkermansia, Prevotella and other microorganisms, inhibition the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

Fengshining  /  fecal microbiota transplant  /  gut microbiota  /  rheumatoid arthritis  /  metabolomics
马艳苗, 郝佳瑨, 刘明燃, 宋博, 魏福霞, 彭涛. 风湿宁粪菌移植物干预类风湿关节炎的多组学比较研究. 药学学报, 2023 , 58 (7) : 1931 -1939 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308
Yan-miao MA, Jia-jin HAO, Ming-ran LIU, Bo SONG, Fu-xia WEI, Tao PENG. A multiomics comparative study on the intervention of fecal microbiota transplants of Fengshining on rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2023 , 58 (7) : 1931 -1939 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308
类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis, RA) 是一种常见的慢性、全身性自身免疫性疾病, 其病理特征为滑膜细胞增生, 多种炎性细胞浸润, 血管翳形成及软骨与骨组织的破坏。RA可引起关节肿胀、疼痛、功能丧失和僵硬, 严重损害身体机能和生活质量[1]。其发病机制复杂, 涉及宿主因素(遗传易感性、异常免疫反应、异常代谢酶和性激素) 和环境触发因素(细菌或病毒感染) 之间错综复杂的相互作用[2, 3]。越来越多的研究表明, 微生物群的改变[4-6], 特别是肠道微生物组的变化, 是RA发展的重要环境危险因素[7]。临床上, RA的早期诊断仍具有挑战性。因此, 探索鉴定RA的新型诊断标志物和机制十分重要。
中医药在防治类风湿关节炎方面积累了丰富的经验, 复方风湿宁为民国山西四大名医白清佐的治痹名方, 临床传承使用七十余年, 具有祛风散寒、除湿通络、活血止痛的功效, 能够有效地改善RA的主要症状及体征积分[8]。本研究前期发现, 风湿宁能够显著降低胶原诱导的关节炎(collagen induced arthritis, CIA) 大鼠血浆中TNF-α、IL-1、IFN-γ水平, 抑制CD4+表达, 通过ROS影响线粒体通透性的改变, 诱导类肿瘤样增生的滑膜细胞凋亡[9]
人体正常的生长和发育离不开肠道菌群的平衡, 肠道菌群代谢紊乱会致使免疫系统受损, 从而引起免疫性炎症反应[5]。微生物群组成的变化会导致代谢物的失衡, 驱动炎症, 加重炎症反应。RA患者体内微生物组成发生明显变化, 主要表现为双歧杆菌和拟杆菌的减少与普雷沃菌的增加[10]。临床上, 粪菌移植(fecal microbiota transplants, FMT) 已成功用于艰难梭菌感染的治疗[11], 并在控制RA炎症、改善症状方面具有较好的发展前景[12, 13]
代谢组学可以对疾病发生发展中的代谢产物进行定量测定, 揭示疾病发病机制[14]。借助代谢组学研究, 可以筛选疾病早期代谢标志物, 为疾病的早期诊断提供依据[15-17]。风湿宁干预RA的机制是否与其调节代谢环境有关, 是否通过维持肠道稳态调节宿主免疫状态, 其粪菌移植物是否有助于恢复RA的肠道微生态, 基于此设想, 本实验采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法(ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field obitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry, UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS)、宏基因组测序技术, 分析风湿宁粪菌移植干预对CIA大鼠血清差异代谢物和肠道微生态的影响, 探寻其防治RA的作用机制。
动物  Wistar雌性大鼠40只(SPF级), 体重约200 ± 25 g, 购于北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司, 许可证号: SCXK (北京) 2016-0006。动物实验获得山西中医药大学医学伦理委员会批准(批准号: 2021DW111)。大鼠饲养室内温度保持在15~25 ℃, 相对湿度为45%~55%, 在自然光环境下(昼夜交替12 h) 适应性饲养一周, 自由进食、饮水, 每3天更换1次垫料。
药品与试剂  风湿宁复方药材购于晋中市同仁堂药房连锁有限公司, 药材经吉海杰副主任药师鉴定为正品。风湿宁药液制备: 取伞形科羌活(Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H. T. Chang) (批号: 210501)、伞形科独活(Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan) (批号: 20200818)、防己科青风藤(Sinomenium acutum Rehd et Wils.) (批号: 201201)、毛茛科威灵仙(Clematis chinensis Osbeck) (批号: 210901)、姜科姜黄(Curcuma longa L.) (批号: 20093004)、伞形科防风(Saposhnikovia divaricata Schischk.) (批号: 210727002)、伞形科川芎(Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.) (批号: 801003917)、麻黄科麻黄(Ephedra sinica Stapf) (批号: 401003136P)、樟科肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia Presl) (批号: 84120901)、黑三棱科三棱(Sparganium stoloniferum Buch.-Ham.) (批号: 211201)、棕榈科血竭(Daemonorops draco Blume.) (批号: 2103033)、罂粟科延胡索(Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang) (批号: 210801)、苋科川牛膝(Cyathula officinalis Kuan) (批号: 201202)、玄参科生地(Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.) (批号: 501003526)、姜科砂仁(Amomum villosum Lour.) (批号: 210201)、豆科甘草(Glycyrrhaza uralensis Fisch.) (批号: 1807050), 药材总量为223 g, 加入500 mL蒸馏水, 浸泡1 h, 加热煎煮1 h, 滤过后再加入300 mL蒸馏水, 煎煮45 min, 滤过, 合并2次滤液, 减压浓缩至生药浓度2 g·mL-1, 于4 ℃冰箱中保存备用。色谱柱(ACQUITY BEH C18, 100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm, 美国Waters公司); 质谱级甲醇(67-56-1)、质谱级乙腈(75-05-8) (美国赛默飞世尔科技有限公司); 牛Ⅱ型胶原(9007-34-5)、弗氏完全佐剂(SLBL0210V) (德国Sigma公司); 雷公藤多苷片(Z42021212, 黄石飞云制药有限公司); 氨苄西林胶囊(06108202, 珠海联邦制药股份有限公司); 盐酸万古霉素(D193655, 希腊VIANEX.S.A公司); 亚胺培南西司他丁钠(S014300, 美国Merck Sharp & Dohme公司); TLR4 (A5258)、p65 (A2547) (ABclonal公司); MyD88 (67969-1-Ig, 美国Proteintech公司)。
仪器  超高效液相色谱仪(Ulti Mate3000)、四级杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱仪(Q-Exactive), 美国赛默飞世尔科技有限公司; 足跖容积测量仪(PV-200), 成都泰盟有限公司; 高速冷冻离心机(KDC-160HR), 安徽中科中佳科学仪器有限公司; 漩涡混合器(VORTEX-5), 海门其林贝尔仪器制造有限公司; 迷你垂直电泳槽、迷你转印槽(WIX-miniPRO2、WIX-miniBLOT), 韦克斯科技(北京) 有限公司; LAS500超灵敏化学发光成像仪(LAS500), 美国Cytiva公司。
分组与造模  大鼠适应性喂养1周后, 随机分为5组: 空白组(NC组)、模型组(CIA组)、粪菌移植-风湿宁组(FMT-F组)、雷公藤多苷片组(TG组) 和风湿宁组(FSN组)。取1∶1的牛Ⅱ型胶原和弗氏完全佐剂在冰上充分乳化, 胶原浓度为1 mg·mL-1。于大鼠尾部、背部、左足跖各注射乳化剂0.1 mL, 空白组大鼠于相同部位注射等量生理盐水。一周后, 于相同部位注射0.1 mL乳化剂进行免疫加强。
将氨苄西林(1 g·mL-1)、万古霉素(1 g·mL-1) 和亚胺培南(1g·mL-1) 3种抗生素溶于饮用水制成抗生素溶液, 连续给药4天[18], 其余各组给予正常饮用水。实验期间每日用2 mL EP管收集风湿宁组大鼠3 h内新鲜粪便, 制成FMT-F混悬液。考虑到胃酸的破坏作用, FMT-F组每日给予2 mL新鲜粪菌液灌肠[19, 20]。NC组与CIA组给予生理盐水, TG组给予9 mg·kg-1雷公藤多苷片, FSN组给予风湿宁(20 g·kg-1) 灌胃, 连续给药21天。
大鼠关节肿胀及体质量变化评估  每周记录大鼠左足跖容积及体质量变化。在大鼠左后足跖关节处划线标记, 用足跖容积测量仪测量大鼠左足跖关节容积, 取3次测量的平均值。
血清采集及处理  末次给药前1天, 禁食。给药1 h后, 腹部动脉采血, 离心10 min (4 ℃, 14 000 r·min-1), 取上清液, 分装于EP管中, -80 ℃储存备用。取100 μL血清, 加入300 μL乙腈, 涡旋1 min, 离心10 min (4 ℃, 14 000 r·min-1), 取上清液200 μL, 氮气吹干, 200 μL乙腈复溶, 涡旋、离心, 取上清液进样分析[21]
UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS检测条件  色谱条件: 采用ACQUITY BEH C18色谱柱(100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm); 柱温40 ℃, 体积流量为0.3 mL·min-1, 进样量5 μL; 流动相A为乙腈, 流动相B为0.01%甲酸水溶液, 梯度洗脱: 0~1.5 min, 95% A; 1.5~4.5 min, 75% A; 4.5~7 min, 70% A; 7~11 min, 55% A; 11~12 min, 15% A; 12~13.5 min, 5% A; 13.5~14 min, 5% A。
质谱条件  采用电喷雾离子源, 正、负离子电离模式下检测。离子传输管温度320 ℃; S-Lens RF Level为50; 全扫描/数据依赖二级扫描, 扫描范围m/z 100~1 000; 一级质量分辨率70 000 FWHM, 二级分辨率17 500 FWHM, 碰撞能量30 eV。正离子模式: 喷雾电压: 3.2 kV, 鞘气: 40 psi (1 psi ≈ 6.9 kPa), 辅助气: 5 psi, 辅助气加热温度: 350 ℃; 负离子模式: 喷雾电压: 2.5 kV, 鞘气: 38 psi, 辅助气: 10 psi, 辅助气加热温度: 300 ℃。
数据处理  结合HMDB数据库(https://hmdb.ca/) 确定差异代谢物, 使用GraphPad Prism 8.0.2软件分析代谢物含量变化趋势。通过在线分析平台MetaboAnalyst 5.0 (https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/) 分析差异代谢物的代谢途径, 使用KEGG (https://www.genome.jp/kegg/) 对涉及代谢通路进行可视化处理。
肠道菌群检测分析  参照NEB Next® UltraTM DNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina®提取大鼠粪便基因组DNA, PCR扩增纯化, 质量合格的样品建库, 采用IlluminaTM二代测序平台测序。
Western blot实验  收集大鼠滑膜组织, 提取蛋白, BCA法测定蛋白浓度; SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分离蛋白。TLR4 (1∶1 000)、MyD88 (1∶5 000) 和p65 (1∶1 000) 一抗4 ℃孵育过夜, 加入Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG二抗, 室温孵育2h。显影后, Image J软件计算灰度值。
统计分析  采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析。数据以x ± s表示。采用Student's-t检验进行两组比较, 各组间比较采用单因素方差分析(one-way of variance, ANOVA), 组间两两比较采用LSD检验。
CIA大鼠足跖明显红肿, 肿胀变形。FMT-F组治疗21天后, 关节肿胀程度减轻, 大鼠行动迟缓状况改善, 精神状态好转, 皮毛光泽度、足跖恢复较好(图 1AB)。胶原诱导后, 大鼠体质量呈停滞甚至下降趋势, 14天后逐渐上升; 空白组大鼠体质量持续增加(图 1C)。
NC组、CIA组、FMT-F组正、负离子模式下代谢物的质谱总离子流图(图 2AB), 保留时间集中在0~14.01 min。NC组、CIA组和FMT-F组中很多离子的相对峰强度出现了明显的增强和减弱, 表明部分血清代谢物在三组中的浓度具有明显差异。
NC组、CIA组、FMT-F组、TG组主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA) 发现, 四组样本具有显著的分离趋势(图 2C)。FMT-F组代谢轮廓中心更加接近于NC组, 表明其对CIA大鼠血清代谢紊乱有显著的回调作用。Hotelling' T2图(图 2D) 中没有显示异常值, 因此, 所有数据均被纳入进一步的多变量和单变量分析。
将CIA组与NC组筛选出的55种与CIA组与FMT-F组的20种差异代谢物使用两两比较后的两组差异代谢物进行重复比对, 筛选出这两个集合13个差异代谢物的Venn图(图 3A), 进行分类聚层分析。从热图(图 3B) 中可以看出, NC组与其余各组的生物标志物有明显的区别。与NC组相比, CIA组花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid, AA)、L-苯丙氨酸(L-phenylalanine)、13S-羟基十八碳二烯酸(13S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, 13S-HODE) 水平显著上升; 二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid, DHA)、姜辣素、2, 4-二氯甲苯、N-十一烷基苯磺、12-羟基月桂酸水平显著下降。与CIA组相比, FMT-F组有7种代谢物, 花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、L-苯丙氨酸、姜辣素、N-十一烷基苯磺酸、12-羟基月桂酸、13S-羟基十八碳二烯酸具有显著的回调作用(图 3C)。
采用在线分析平台Metabo Analyst 5.0分析影响RA疾病进程相关的代谢通路, 富集分析结果显示(图 4AB), 主要涉及胆酸、十四酸乙酯、油酸、花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、L-苯丙氨酸等13种差异代谢物, 其中三条代谢通路与粪菌移植影响RA的作用机制相关性最高: ①苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成(phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis); ②苯丙氨酸代谢(phenylalanine metabolism), 参与两条代谢通路的均为L-苯丙氨酸; ③花生四烯酸代谢(arachidonic acid metabolism)。
LEfSe分析各组间显著性差异的群落或物种发现, CIA组g_Bacteroides、g_Prevotella、p_Actinobacteria丰度较高; FMT-F组c_Clostridia、g_Akkermansia、s_Akkermansia_muciniphila、p_Firmicutes、c_Verrucomicrobiae丰度较高(图 5AB)。层次聚类热图显示, 阿克曼菌(Akkermansia) 与L-苯丙氨酸呈负相关, 与DHA呈正相关; 普雷沃菌(Prevotella) 与L-苯丙氨酸呈正相关(图 5C)。
与空白组比较, CIA组滑膜组织中的TLR4、MyD88和p65蛋白的表达明显增高(P < 0.05, P < 0.01)。与模型组相比, FMT-F能够明显抑制大鼠滑膜TLR4、MyD88和p65蛋白的表达(P < 0.01) (图 6AB)。
类风湿关节炎是一种伴有代谢、微生态改变的自身免疫性疾病, 寻找触发RA致病性的微生物一直是临床研究的目标[22]。研究发现, 花生四烯酸、氨基酸代谢可以促进细胞增殖, 驱动炎症介质分泌, 介导白细胞浸润, 诱导关节破坏和肌肉萎缩。肠菌的多样性受到药物、炎症等干扰, 从而改变代谢功能, 影响宿主健康。代谢物、微生物可作为诊断、预后和风险预测的生物标志物, 肠道菌群-代谢稳态将为RA提供靶向治疗的新视角。
本研究表明, CIA组相较于NC组代谢发生明显变化。代谢组学分析结果表明, FMT-F组干预类风湿关节炎过程中通路影响贡献度最大的通路为: ①苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成; ②苯丙氨酸代谢; ③花生四烯酸代谢。影响RA的代谢物主要为L-苯丙氨酸、13S-羟基十八碳二烯酸、AA和二十二碳六烯酸。
苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成通路能够合成氨基酸代谢所需的前体物质, 血清氨基酸水平与骨关节炎的严重程度呈正相关[23]。Ⅱ型胶原蛋白主要由脯氨酸、羟脯氨酸和苯丙氨酸组成, 软骨的分解可导致苯丙氨酸水平升高[24]。本实验中CIA组血清中L-苯丙氨酸较NC组显著升高, 而粪菌移植可能通过下调苯丙氨酸水平发挥抗炎作用。
13S-羟基十八碳二烯酸是由亚油酸经脂氧合酶催化而来的次级氧化产物, 转化为AA[25]。HODEs具有促炎性, 可诱导巨噬细胞释放白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β), IL-1β刺激骨吸收, 诱发关节滑膜炎从而导致RA[26]。本实验CIA组中13S-羟基十八碳二烯酸水平上升, 经粪菌移植后13S-羟基十八碳二烯酸水平显著下调, 可能通过改善肠道菌群, 进而降低13S-羟基十八碳二烯酸的水平。
花生四烯酸是一种ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸, 外源性花生四烯酸可由亚油酸与食物中的花生四烯酸转化而来, 内源性花生四烯酸主要储存于细胞膜中。当细胞处于应激状态时, 花生四烯酸通过磷脂酶A2、磷脂酶C和磷脂酶D转化为游离花生四烯酸, 经环氧合酶(COX)、脂氧合酶(LOX) 及细胞色素P450 (CYP450) 三条途径转化为促炎的类二十烷酸。COX、LOX可产生IL-6、TNF-α和INF-α, CYP450途径产生环氧二十碳三烯酸(epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, EETs)[27]。花生四烯酸代谢产生炎性因子引发机体防御机制, 产生炎症反应[28-31]。CIA模型中花生四烯酸含量较NC组上升, 经FMT-F组治疗后, 其代谢量明显下调。粪菌移植可能通过改变肠道菌群的组成、抑制花生四烯酸代谢发挥抗炎作用。
α-亚麻酸是合成二十二碳六烯酸的前体, 二十二碳六烯酸升高与RA患者的疼痛相关[32]。在RA的慢性和持续性炎症期间, 内源性分子释放到关节液中, 通过巨噬细胞、滑膜细胞和关节破骨细胞前体细胞等细胞中表达的Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors, TLR) 信号通路激活炎症反应[33]。其中, Toll样受体4 (TLR4) 的过度激活会触发各种炎症因子, 与类风湿关节炎发病密切相关。TLR4抑制剂的抗炎潜力已经得到验证[34]。TLR4启动髓系分化初级反应蛋白88 (myeloid differentiation factor88, MyD88) 级联信号, 募集肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6, 促进核因子-κB (nuclear factor of kappa B, NF-κB) 基因和TNF-α、IL-6的转录活化[35]。本实验中CIA组二十二碳六烯酸含量较NC组下降, 而FMT-F组二十二碳六烯酸含量显著升高, FMT-F能够明显抑制大鼠滑膜TLR4、MyD88和p65蛋白的表达, 提示这可能是粪菌移植发挥抗炎作用的机制之一。
研究发现, 二十二碳六烯酸与花生四烯酸均可由LOX、COX、CYP450三条代谢途径生成大量类二十烷酸, 之间存在拮抗作用[36]。促炎性物质类二十烷酸主要通过花生四烯酸代谢途径产生, 二十二碳六烯酸与花生四烯酸竞争催化酶, 导致花生四烯酸代谢减弱, 减少了促炎物质的产生, 表现为抗炎性作用(图 7)。
阿克曼菌与炎症性疾病和代谢紊乱呈负相关, 补充阿克曼菌可以显著改善小鼠的肠道屏障功能[37]。有研究者从RA患者的粪便中分离出普雷沃菌株, 其定植加剧了关节炎病情[38]。本研究的结果也证实了这一点, 风湿宁粪菌移植可能通过影响阿克曼菌、普雷沃菌等微生物群的代谢, 调节苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成、代谢, 减轻炎症与关节肿胀、疼痛。
综上所述, RA代谢紊乱可能与氨基酸合成代谢、花生四烯酸代谢密切相关。风湿宁粪菌移植治疗RA的作用机制可能与其通过阿克曼菌、普雷沃菌等微生物干预苯丙氨酸、花生四烯酸代谢, 减少促炎因子合成, 抑制TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB通路, 发挥抗炎效应有关, 最终影响类风湿关节炎的进程。
作者贡献: 马艳苗、郝佳瑨、刘明燃为实验主要完成者及文章主要撰写者; 宋博、魏福霞负责部分数据采集与处理分析工作; 彭涛为本文提供修改意见; 马艳苗提出本文研究思路并指导文章撰写与修改。
利益冲突: 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82104731)
  • 山西中医药大学2022年度科技创新团队(2022TD2005)
  • 山西中医药大学2021年研究生创新创业项目(2021CX012)
  • 2021年度山西省研究生教育创新计划项目(2021Y722)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Jing ZQ, Wang X, Yan TY, et al. Construction of folate receptors and mitochondria targeting celastrol-loaded PAMAM nano-drug delivery system and its in vitro anti-inflammatory effect[J]. Acta Pharm Sin (药学学报), 2023, 53: 550-559.
[2]
Karami J, Aslani S, Tahmasebi MN, et al. Epigenetics in rheumatoid arthritis; fibroblast‐like synoviocytes as an emerging paradigm in the pathogenesis of the disease[J]. Immunol Cell Biol, 2020, 98: 171-186.
[3]
Kurilshikov A, Medina GC, Bacigalupe R, et al. Large-scale association analyses identify host factors influencing human gut microbiome composition[J]. Nat Genet, 2021, 53: 156-165.
[4]
Zhou X, Wu XY, Li XS, et al. Progress in research on the relationship between human microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Chin J Microecol (中国微生态学杂志), 2021, 33: 1224-1227. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGWS202306020.htm
[5]
Yang JP, Gui M. Role of enteric microbiota in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis on cradiovascular risk[J]. Chin J Immunol (中国免疫学杂志), 2021, 37: 124-128. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZMXZ202212023.htm
[6]
Savkovic SD. Gut microbes effects on host metabolic alterations in health and disease[J]. Gut Microbes, 2020, 11: 249-252.
[7]
Mei L, Yang Z, Zhang X, et al. Sustained drug treatment alters the gut microbiota in rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Front Immunol, 2021, 12: 4238.
[8]
Ma YM, Wang YH, Li YY, et al. Primary pharmacodynamics research on Fengshining capsules[J]. World J Integr Tradit Western Med (世界中西医结合杂志), 2012, 7: 806-809. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SJZX202306006.htm
[9]
Ma YM, Li YY, Wang YH, et al. Effect of Fengshining capsule on reactive oxygen species-mediated T Cell activation and apoptosis of synovium[J]. Chin J Integr Tradit West Med (中国中西医结合杂志), 2013, 33: 1552-1556. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIBU202307003.htm
[10]
Wang QB, Tang ML, Li W, et al. Association of intestinal microbiota imbalance with inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Chin J Gerontol (中国老年学杂志), 2021, 41: 812-815. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLXZ202310047.htm
[11]
Marietta E, Mangalam AK, Taneja V, et al. Intestinal dysbiosis in, and enteral bacterial therapies for, systemic autoimmune diseases[J]. Front Immunol, 2020, 11: 573079.
[12]
Wei YJ, Li XQ, Ji BY, et al. Recent advances on the recovery, modulation and synthetic biology of gut microbiota and hosts[J]. Sci Sin (Vitae) (中国科学: 生命科学), 2022, 52: 249-265. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JCXG202307014.htm
[13]
Dawwas GK, Brensinger CM, Vajravelu RK, et al. Long-term outcomes following multiply recurrent clostridioides difficile infection and fecal microbiota transplantation[J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020, 20: 806-816.
[14]
Tang JJ, Hu ZP. The application of metabolomics in the study of precision medicine[J]. J Shenyang Pharm Univ (沈阳药科大学学报), 2021, 38: 1113-1118. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYX202303013.htm
[15]
Zhao J, Jung YH, Jin Y, et al. A comprehensive metabolomics investigation of hippocampus, serum, and feces affected by chronic fluoxetine treatment using the chronic unpredictable mild stress mouse model of depression[J]. Sci Rep, 2019, 9: 7566.
[16]
Yang XL, Li L, Zhang TF, et al. GC-MS-Based serum metabolomic investigations on the ameliorative effects of polysaccharide from turpiniae folium in hyperlipidemia rats[J]. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021, 2021: 9180635.
[17]
Clos GM, Andres MN, Fernandez EG, et al. Gut microbiome and serum metabolome analyses identify molecular biomarkers and altered glutamate metabolism in fibromyalgia[J]. EBioMedicine, 2019, 46: 499-511.
[18]
Yu F. The Role of Gut Microbiota in Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice (肠道菌群在糖尿病小鼠合并认知功能障碍中的作用) [D]. Suzhou: Soochow University, 2020.
[19]
Gao A, Xu YJ, Lu SW, et al. Effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on intestinal flora in mice with acute-on-chronic liver failure[J]. J Clin Hepatol (临床肝胆病杂志), 2021, 37: 1379-1385. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LCGD202307006.htm
[20]
Zhou YD, Yang SR, Lu W, et al. Effect of electroacupuncture and fecal microbiota enema after electroacupuncture on the intestinal flora of obese rats[J]. J Tradit Chin Med (中医杂志), 2022, 63: 766-772. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SHZZ202307002.htm
[21]
Liu JX, Li JH, Du CH, et al. Metabonomic study of biochemical changes in serum of PCPA-induced insomnia rats after treatment with Suanzaoren Decoction[J]. China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2022, 47: 1632-1641.
[22]
Schmidt CJ, Wenndorf K, Ebbers M, et al. Infection with clostridioides difficile attenuated collagen-induced arthritis in mice and involved mesenteric Treg and Th2 polarization[J]. Front Immunol, 2020, 11: 571049.
[23]
Li J, Che N, Xu L, et al. LC-MS-based serum metabolomics reveals a distinctive signature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Clin Rheumatol, 2018, 37: 1493-1502.
[24]
Zhai G, Sun X, Randell EW, et al. Phenylalanine is a novel marker for radiographic knee osteoarthritis progression: the MOST study[J]. J Rheumatol, 2021, 48: 123-128.
[25]
Xu L. The Study on in vitro Bioactivity of Linoleic Acid Oxidation Product and its Pro-inflammatory Effect (亚油酸氧化产物的体外活性和促炎作用) [D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2013.
[26]
Jiang CJ, Jiang Y, Geng ZM, et al. Progress in research on hydroxyoctadecaenoic acids as oxidation products of linoleic acid[J]. Food Sci (食品科学), 2018, 39: 278-284. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SPAJ202313011.htm
[27]
Wang T, Fu X, Chen Q, et al. Arachidonic acid metabolism and kidney inflammation[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2019, 20: 3683.
[28]
Sonnweber T, Pizzini A, Nairz M, et al. Arachidonic acid metabolites in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2018, 19: 3285.
[29]
Wang B, Wu L, Chen J, et al. Metabolism pathways of arachidonic acids: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets[J]. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2021, 6: 94.
[30]
Lee KA, Luong MK, Shaw H, et al. The gut microbiome: what the oncologist ought to know[J]. Br J Cancer, 2021, 125: 1197-1209.
[31]
Cai YW, Liu JH, Ma N. Research status of arachidonic acid-targeted metabonomics in inflammation[J]. Chin J Clin Pharmacol (中国临床药理学杂志), 2021, 37: 2721-2723. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GLYZ202312029.htm
[32]
Xu L, Chang C, Jiang P, et al. Metabolomics in rheumatoid arthritis: advances and review[J]. Front Immunol, 2022, 13: 4487.
[33]
Samarpita S, Kim JY, Rasool MK, et al. Investigation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 inhibitor TAK-242 as a new potential anti-rheumatoid arthritis drug[J]. Arthritis Res Ther, 2020, 22: 16.
[34]
Zhang Y, Liang X, Bao X, et al. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitors: current research and prospective[J]. Eur J Med Chem, 2022, 235: 114291.
[35]
Ain Q, Batool M, Choi S. TLR4-targeting therapeutics: structural basis and computer-aided drug discovery approaches[J]. Molecules, 2020, 25: 627.
[36]
Bao QK, Zhang X, Zhu Y. Research progress of eicosanoid metabolomics in cardiovascular diseases[J]. Acta Physiol Sin (生理学报), 2021, 73: 606-616. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYKX202303021.htm
[37]
Cui H, Li Y, Wang Y, et al. Da-chai-hu decoction ameliorates high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through remodeling the gut microbiota and modulating the serum metabolism[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11: 584090.
[38]
Jiang L, Shang M, Yu S, et al. A high-fiber diet synergizes with Prevotella copri and exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Cell Mol Immunol, 2022, 19: 1414-1424.
2023年第58卷第7期
PDF下载
200
82
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308
  • 接收时间:2022-11-30
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-07-12
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-30
  • 修回日期:2023-05-27
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82104731)
山西中医药大学2022年度科技创新团队(2022TD2005)
山西中医药大学2021年研究生创新创业项目(2021CX012)
2021年度山西省研究生教育创新计划项目(2021Y722)
作者信息
    1.山西中医药大学, 山西 太原 030619
    2.沈阳药科大学, 辽宁 沈阳 110016
    3.山西省中西医结合医院, 山西 太原 030013

通讯作者:

*彭涛, Tel: 86-351-3179702, E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yxxb/CN/10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1308
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏