Article(id=1198624399415930930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624396437975057, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1069, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1663689600000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-21, revisedDate=1666108800000, revisedDateStr=2022-10-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763703926185, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1678550400000, pubDateStr=2023-03-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763703926185, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763703926185, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763703926185, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198624396437975057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='804', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763703925474, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763704091914, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198625094596657875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624396437975057, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198625094596657876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624396437975057, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=729, endPage=735, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198624399667589178, articleId=1198624399415930930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=A new germacrene-type sesquiterpenoid from Elephantopus tomentosus L., columnId=1190335348648547107, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Reviews, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Fifteen compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the whole plant of Elephantopus tomentosus L. by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, MCI column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC methods. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties, and spectral data (UV, IR, NMR, MS and CD) analysis as tomenlephanlide A (1), molephantinin (2), molephantin (3), 8-O-methacryloylelephanpane (4), apigenin (5), tricin (6), 2-phenyl acetamide (7), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (8), caffeic acid methyl ester (9), caffeic acid ethyl ester (10), (+)-(4S)-(2E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid (11), E-4-hydroxyhex-2-enoic acid (12), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (13), 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde (14) and isohematinic acid (15). Among them, compound 1 is a new germacrene-type sesquiterpenoid, 5-15 were obtained from E. tomentosus L. for the first time. It was the first time the absolute configuration of compound 2 was reported. Compound 1 showed weak cytotoxicity against gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901).

, correspAuthors=Tao ZHANG, Zhong-mei ZOU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Meng-yao ZHANG, Qiang HUANG, Hai-xin ZHANG, Meng YU, Tao ZHANG, Zhong-mei ZOU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198624400732942453, articleId=1198624399415930930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=白花地胆草中一个新的吉玛烷型倍半萜, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、MCI柱色谱及半制备高效液相色谱等技术手段从白花地胆草(Elephantopus tomentosus L.) 全草95%乙醇提取物分离纯化得到15个化合物。依据其理化性质、光谱数据(UV、IR、NMR、MS和CD) 等多种技术鉴定了化合物的结构, 分别为白花地胆草内酯A (1)、柔毛地胆宁(2)、白花地胆草亭(3)、8-O-methacryloylelephanpane (4)、芹菜素(5)、苜蓿素(6)、原儿茶醛(7)、原儿茶酸甲酯(8)、咖啡酸甲酯(9)、咖啡酸乙酯(10)、(+)-(4S)-(2E)-4-羟基-2-壬烯酸(11)、E-4-羟基十六烷-2-烯酸(12)、3-吲哚甲酸(13)、3-吲哚甲醛(14) 和异血红素酸(15)。其中, 化合物1为新化合物, 化合物5~15首次从白花地胆草中分离得到, 并首次报道了化合物2的绝对构型。化合物1对小鼠胃癌细胞(SGC-7901) 具有微弱的细胞毒活性。

, correspAuthors=张涛, 邹忠梅, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*张涛, E-mail: ;
邹忠梅, Tel: 86-10-57833290, E-mail:
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No. 1 No. 2
δH (J in Hz) δC δH (J in Hz) δC
1 2.42 d (13.7)
2.42 d (13.7)
52.1 1 5.90 s 129.2
2 - 107.4 2 - 198.1
3 2.67 d (13.7)
1.89 d (13.7)
49.7 3 6.45 s 134.7
4 - 79.4 4 - 164.8
5 4.24 d (3.3) 86.2 5 5.56 s 73.6
6 4.32 dd (6.1, 3.3) 81.5 6 4.27 d (3.2) 83.8
7 3.95 m 41.2 7 3.49 m 50.8
8 5.12 dt (11.4, 3.2) 76.8 8 5.28 dt (10.5, 4.3) 73.4
9 2.73 dd (16.1, 1.8)
2.66 dd (16.1, 1.8)
35.2 9 2.66 m 45.9
10 - 104.2 10 - 138.2
11 - 138.9 11 - 136.3
12 - 171.9 12 - 171.8
13 5.73 d (2.0)
6.13 d (2.0)
125.0 13 6.21 d (2.0)
5.78 d (2.0)
126.8
14 5.21 s
5.39 s
121.7 14 1.76 s 18.8
15 1.62 s 32.0 15 2.03 s 21.2
16 - 167.7 16 - 167.8
17 - 129.8 17 - 129.3
18 7.01 qq (6.9, 1.3) 139.8 18 6.97 qq (6.1, 1.6) 139.8
19 1.91 s 14.7 19 1.85 s 14.5
20 1.89 d (6.9) 12.3 20 1.84 s 12.1
), ArticleFig(id=1198702081516335344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624399415930930, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

1H NMR (600 MHz in CD3OD) and 13C NMR (150 MHz in CD3OD) data of compounds 1 and 2

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No. 1 No. 2
δH (J in Hz) δC δH (J in Hz) δC
1 2.42 d (13.7)
2.42 d (13.7)
52.1 1 5.90 s 129.2
2 - 107.4 2 - 198.1
3 2.67 d (13.7)
1.89 d (13.7)
49.7 3 6.45 s 134.7
4 - 79.4 4 - 164.8
5 4.24 d (3.3) 86.2 5 5.56 s 73.6
6 4.32 dd (6.1, 3.3) 81.5 6 4.27 d (3.2) 83.8
7 3.95 m 41.2 7 3.49 m 50.8
8 5.12 dt (11.4, 3.2) 76.8 8 5.28 dt (10.5, 4.3) 73.4
9 2.73 dd (16.1, 1.8)
2.66 dd (16.1, 1.8)
35.2 9 2.66 m 45.9
10 - 104.2 10 - 138.2
11 - 138.9 11 - 136.3
12 - 171.9 12 - 171.8
13 5.73 d (2.0)
6.13 d (2.0)
125.0 13 6.21 d (2.0)
5.78 d (2.0)
126.8
14 5.21 s
5.39 s
121.7 14 1.76 s 18.8
15 1.62 s 32.0 15 2.03 s 21.2
16 - 167.7 16 - 167.8
17 - 129.8 17 - 129.3
18 7.01 qq (6.9, 1.3) 139.8 18 6.97 qq (6.1, 1.6) 139.8
19 1.91 s 14.7 19 1.85 s 14.5
20 1.89 d (6.9) 12.3 20 1.84 s 12.1
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白花地胆草中一个新的吉玛烷型倍半萜
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张梦瑶 1, 2 , 黄强 1, 3 , 张海新 1 , 于猛 1 , 张涛 1, * , 邹忠梅 1, 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2023,58(3): 729-735
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2023, 58(3): 729-735
白花地胆草中一个新的吉玛烷型倍半萜
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张梦瑶1, 2, 黄强1, 3, 张海新1, 于猛1, 张涛1, * , 邹忠梅1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药用植物研究所, 北京 100193
  • 2.天津中医药大学, 天津 300000
  • 3.沈阳药科大学, 辽宁 沈阳 110016

通讯作者:

*张涛, E-mail: ;
邹忠梅, Tel: 86-10-57833290, E-mail:
A new germacrene-type sesquiterpenoid from Elephantopus tomentosus L.
Meng-yao ZHANG1, 2, Qiang HUANG1, 3, Hai-xin ZHANG1, Meng YU1, Tao ZHANG1, * , Zhong-mei ZOU1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
  • 2. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300000, China
  • 3. Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
出版时间: 2023-03-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1069
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采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、MCI柱色谱及半制备高效液相色谱等技术手段从白花地胆草(Elephantopus tomentosus L.) 全草95%乙醇提取物分离纯化得到15个化合物。依据其理化性质、光谱数据(UV、IR、NMR、MS和CD) 等多种技术鉴定了化合物的结构, 分别为白花地胆草内酯A (1)、柔毛地胆宁(2)、白花地胆草亭(3)、8-O-methacryloylelephanpane (4)、芹菜素(5)、苜蓿素(6)、原儿茶醛(7)、原儿茶酸甲酯(8)、咖啡酸甲酯(9)、咖啡酸乙酯(10)、(+)-(4S)-(2E)-4-羟基-2-壬烯酸(11)、E-4-羟基十六烷-2-烯酸(12)、3-吲哚甲酸(13)、3-吲哚甲醛(14) 和异血红素酸(15)。其中, 化合物1为新化合物, 化合物5~15首次从白花地胆草中分离得到, 并首次报道了化合物2的绝对构型。化合物1对小鼠胃癌细胞(SGC-7901) 具有微弱的细胞毒活性。

菊科  /  白花地胆草  /  化学成分  /  吉玛烷型倍半萜  /  细胞毒活性

Fifteen compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the whole plant of Elephantopus tomentosus L. by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, MCI column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC methods. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties, and spectral data (UV, IR, NMR, MS and CD) analysis as tomenlephanlide A (1), molephantinin (2), molephantin (3), 8-O-methacryloylelephanpane (4), apigenin (5), tricin (6), 2-phenyl acetamide (7), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (8), caffeic acid methyl ester (9), caffeic acid ethyl ester (10), (+)-(4S)-(2E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid (11), E-4-hydroxyhex-2-enoic acid (12), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (13), 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde (14) and isohematinic acid (15). Among them, compound 1 is a new germacrene-type sesquiterpenoid, 5-15 were obtained from E. tomentosus L. for the first time. It was the first time the absolute configuration of compound 2 was reported. Compound 1 showed weak cytotoxicity against gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901).

Compositae  /  Elephantopus tomentosus L.  /  chemical constituent  /  germacrene-type sesquiterpenoid  /  cytotoxicity
张梦瑶, 黄强, 张海新, 于猛, 张涛, 邹忠梅. 白花地胆草中一个新的吉玛烷型倍半萜. 药学学报, 2023 , 58 (3) : 729 -735 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1069
Meng-yao ZHANG, Qiang HUANG, Hai-xin ZHANG, Meng YU, Tao ZHANG, Zhong-mei ZOU. A new germacrene-type sesquiterpenoid from Elephantopus tomentosus L.[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2023 , 58 (3) : 729 -735 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1069
菊科地胆草属植物全世界约有30余种, 我国仅有两种, 分别为地胆草(Elephantopus scaber L.) 和白花地胆草(Elephantopus tomentosus L.), 均为中药苦地胆的基源植物[1]。白花地胆草是我国黎族常用药材, 主要分布在海南、广东、台湾以及福建等热带地区, 据《黎族药志》记载具有清热解毒、凉血利水的功效, 用于治疗鼻衄、黄疸、淋病、脚气、水肿、痈肿疔疮以及蛇虫咬伤等疾病[2]。地胆草属植物次级代谢产物丰富, 主要包括倍半萜、三萜、酚酸、甾体等[3-5]。本课题组前期对同属植物地胆草的化学成分进行了研究, 主要有萜类和酚酸等成分。为更好地开发利用该属植物资源, 发现结构新颖的化学成分, 本论文对白花地胆草95%乙醇提取物的化学成分进行了研究。从白花地胆草乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到15个化合物, 包括4个倍半萜、4个苯酚、3个生物碱、2个黄酮和2个脂肪酸, 并鉴定为: 白花地胆草内酯A (1)、柔毛地胆宁(2)、白花地胆草亭(3)、8-O-methacryloylelephanpane (4)、芹菜素(5)、苜蓿素(6)、原儿茶醛(7)、原儿茶酸甲酯(8)、咖啡酸甲酯(9)、咖啡酸乙酯(10)、(+)-(4S)-(2E)-4-羟基-2-壬烯酸(11)、E-4-羟基十六烷-2-烯酸(12)、3-吲哚甲酸(13)、3-吲哚甲醛(14) 和异血红素酸(15)。其中化合物1为新化合物, 化合物5~15为首次从白花地胆草中分离得到, 并首次报道了化合物2的绝对构型。对化合物1~4进行了细胞毒性评价, 发现化合物1具有微弱的细胞毒活性。
化合物1  白色无定形粉末, 易溶于甲醇, [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{25} $ +66 (c 0.1, MeOH)。紫外254 nm下显示为暗斑, 10%浓硫酸乙醇溶液加热显棕色(105 ℃), UV显示在205 nm处有最大吸收, IR图谱中显示有羟基(3 443 cm-1)、羰基(1 748、1 731 cm-1)、双键(1 697、1 648 cm-1) 等基团特征吸收峰; HR-ESI-MS给出m/z: 401.157 4 [M+Na]+ (计算值401.157 6, C20H26O7Na), 提示分子式为C20H26O7, 不饱和度为8。在CD3OD中, 该化合物1H NMR (表 1) 谱显示3个甲基氢信号δH 1.91 (3H, s, H-19)、1.89 (3H, d, J = 6.9 Hz, H-20)、1.62 (3H, s, H-15); 3组亚甲基氢信号δH 2.42 (1H, d, J = 13.7 Hz, H-1a)、2.54 (1H, d, J = 13.7 Hz, H-1b)、2.67 (1H, d, J = 13.7 Hz, H-3a)、1.89 (1H, d, J = 13.7 Hz, H-3b)、2.73 (1H, dd, J = 16.1, 1.8 Hz, H-9a)、2.66 (1H, dd, J = 16.1, 1.8 Hz, H-9b); 4个次甲基氢信号: δH 4.24 (1H, d, J = 3.3 Hz, H-5)、4.32 (1H, dd, J = 6.1, 3.3 Hz, H-6)、3.95 (1H, m, H-7)、5.12 (1H, dt, J = 11.4, 3.2 Hz, H-8); 2组烯质子信号δH 5.21 (1H, s, H-14a)、5.39 (1H, s, H-14b)、5.73 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-13a)、6.13 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-13b) 以及在低场区有1个单峰烯质子信号δH 7.01 (1H, qq, J = 6.9, 1.3 Hz, H-18)。13C NMR (表 1) 谱给出20个碳共振信号, 结合HSQC谱提示化合物1含有7个季碳: 2个酯羰基碳δC 171.9 (C-12)、167.7 (C-16), 4个烯碳δC 107.4 (C-2)、104.2 (C-10)、138.9 (C-11)、129.8 (C-17) 及1个连氧季碳δC 79.4 (C-4); 5个亚甲基碳δC 52.1 (C-1)、49.7 (C-3)、35.2 (C-9)、125.0 (C-13)、121.7 (C-14); 5个次甲基碳δC 86.2 (C-5)、81.5 (C-6)、41.2 (C-7)、76.8 (C-8)、139.8 (C-18); 3个甲基碳δC 32.0 (C-15)、12.3 (C-20)、14.7 (C-19)。通过以上数据, 可推测化合物1 (图 1) 为倍半萜内酯类化合物。在1H-1H COSY谱中(图 2), 存在5个自旋耦合系统(H-5/H-6, H-6/H-7, H-7/H-8, H-8/H-9, H-18/H-20)。通过分析HSQC和HMBC谱, 发现化合物1与化合物4的核磁数据非常相似[6], 主要区别在于前者比后者少了H-18位的烯氢信号, 多了一个甲基信号。HMBC谱(图 2) 显示δH 1.89 (H-20)与δC 167.7 (C-16)、129.8(C-17)、139.8(C-18)、14.7 (C-19) 相关, 从而确定该甲基连在C-18位。因此, 确定了化合物1的平面结构(图 1)。NOESY谱(图 3) 显示, H-5与H3-15, H-8与H-6、H-9相关, H-9与H-7相关, H-13与H-7相关, 表明化合物1的相对构型与化合物4的相同。根据Beecham规则[7-9], α-亚甲基-γ-内酯基团在254 nm附近有正的Cotton效应, 确定其绝对构型为2R、3R、4S、5S、6R、7S (图 4)。同时, 采取量子化学计算的方法[B3LYP-D3(BJ)/6-31G*] 计算了1的ECD谱, 结果显示化合物1的计算ECD曲线与化合物1的实验曲线吻合较好(图 4), 进一步证实了化合物1的绝对构型。
化合物2  白色针状结晶(甲醇), 溶于甲醇, [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{25} $ +65 (c 0.1, MeOH)。紫外254 nm下显示为暗斑, 10%浓硫酸乙醇溶液加热显棕色(105 ℃), UV显示在213 nm处有最大吸收, IR图谱中显示有羟基(3 420 cm-1)、羰基(1 768、1 715 cm-1)、双键(1 697、1 645 cm-1) 等基团特征吸收峰; HR-ESI-MS给出m/z: 383.150 4 [M+Na]+ (计算值383.147 1, C20H24O6Na), 提示分子式为C20H24O6, 不饱和度为9。在CD3OD中, 该化合物的1H NMR (表 1) 谱显示出4个甲基氢信号δH 1.85 (3H, s, H-19)、1.84 (3H, d, J = 6.3 Hz, H-20)、2.03 (3H, s, H-15)、1.76 (3H, s, H-14); 2组亚甲基氢信号δH 2.66 (2H, m, H-9)、6.21 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-13a)、5.78 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-13b); 7个次甲基氢信号δH 5.90 (1H, s, H-1)、6.45 (1H, s, H-3)、5.56 (1H, s, H-5)、4.27 (1H, d, J = 3.2 Hz, H-6)、3.49 (1H, m, H-7)、5.28 (1H, dt, J = 10.5, 4.3 Hz, H-8)、6.97 (1H, qq, J = 6.1, 1.6 Hz, H-18)。13C NMR (表 1) 谱给出20个碳共振信号, 结合HSQC谱提示化合物2含有7个季碳: 包括3个酯羰基碳δC 198.1 (C-2)、171.8 (C-12)、167.8 (C-16), 4个烯碳δC 164.8 (C-4)、138.2 (C-10)、136.3 (C-11)、129.3 (C-17); 2个亚甲基碳δC 45.9 (C-9)、126.8 (C-13); 7个次甲基碳δC 129.2 (C-1)、134.7 (C-3)、73.6 (C-5)、83.8 (C-6)、50.8 (C-7)、73.4 (C-8)、139.8 (C-18); 4个甲基碳δC 18.8 (C-14)、21.2 (C-15)、14.5 (C-19)、12.1 (C-20)。以上数据表明, 化合物2为吉玛烷型倍半萜内酯类化合物, 且与化合物3 (白花地胆草亭) 相似[10], 区别仅在于前者C18位连接了一个甲基。HMBC谱显示δH 1.84 (H-20) 与δC 167.9 (C-16)、129.3 (C-17)、139.8 (C-18)、18.8 (C-19) 相关, 确定该甲基连在C-18位。结构与文献[11-13]报道的柔毛地胆宁(molephantinin) 一致, 但其绝对构型并未确定。NOESY谱, H-1与H3-15相关, H-6、H-9与H3-14相关, H-6与H-8、H-5、H-3相关, H-5与H-7相关, H-3与H-5、H-6、H-7、H-9相关。根据Beecham规则[7-9], 其α-亚甲基-γ-内酯基团在254 nm附近有正的Cotton效应, 故确定其绝对构型为4R、6R、7S、8R (图 4)。同时, 采取量子化学计算的方法[B3LYP-D3(BJ)/6-31G*] 计算了2的ECD谱, 结果显示化合物2的计算ECD曲线与化合物2的实验曲线吻合较好(图 4), 进一步证实了化合物2的绝对构型。
采用MTT法, 测试了化合物1~4对小鼠胃癌细胞SGC-7901的细胞毒活性。结果显示, 化合物1在50 μmol·L-1剂量下对SGC-7901细胞有微弱的细胞毒性, 抑制率约为54.48%。化合物2~4在100 μmol·L-1剂量下对SGC-7901细胞有明显的抑制作用。
Bio-Rad FTS-65A红外光谱仪(Bio-Rad, 美国), UV2501紫外分光光度仪(Shimadzu, 日本), Bruker AM 600型核磁共振仪(Bruker, 瑞士), Q-TOF SYNAPT HDMS质谱仪、Waters 2535型semi-PHPLC (配置2489型UV检测器) (Waters, 美国), YMC-Pack ODS-A色谱柱(5 μm, 30 mm × 250 mm、)、YMC-Pack ODS-A色谱柱(5 μm, 20 mm × 250 mm)、YMC-Pack ODS-A色谱柱(5 μm, 10 mm × 250 mm) (YMC, 日本), Buchi Heating Both Ⅱ490型旋转蒸发仪(Buchi, 瑞士), 柱色谱用硅胶(60~100目, 100~200目, 200~300目, 300~400目) 和薄层色谱用硅胶GF254 (青岛海洋化工厂), 真空隔膜泵(ILMVAC, 德国), SHB-B型循环水式真空泵(郑州长城科工贸有限公司), JY02S型紫外分析仪(北京君意设备有限公司), 色谱甲醇、色谱乙腈(天津市永大化学试剂有限公司), 常规用试剂均为分析级(北京化工厂), H1多功能酶标仪(Biotek, 美国), BE-9008酶标仪恒温振荡器(海门市其林贝尔仪器制造有限公司), CKX41显微镜(OLYMPUS, 日本), 洁净工作台(北京东联哈尔仪器制造有限公司), MCO-15AC细胞孵育箱(SANYO, 日本)。细胞级DMSO、DMEM培养基、胎牛血清(FBS) (Gibco生物技术有限公司), 胃癌细胞(SGC-7901) (中国医学科学院基础医学研究所国家实验细胞资源共享平台), Pen Strep (北京索莱宝科技有限公司), 胰岛素(insulin, SIGMA公司, 美国), 细胞增殖及毒性检测试剂(MTT, 大连美仑生物技术有限公司)。
白花地胆草于2018年5月采自广西省容县, 经广西中医药研究院中药资源研究所黄云峰研究员鉴定为菊科地胆草属植物白花地胆草Elephantopus tomentosus L.干燥全草。标本(SCI-NCL003130-3) 现存于中国医学科学院药用植物研究所国家中药化合物库。
白花地胆草全草15 kg, 粉碎后用10倍量的95%乙醇加热回流提取2次, 每次2 h, 合并提取液, 减压浓缩得95%乙醇总浸膏830 g, 分散在蒸馏水中, 分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇进行萃取, 得到石油醚部位Fr. A (350 g), 乙酸乙酯部位Fr. B (117 g), 正丁醇部位Fr. C (150 g), 水部位Fr. D (185 g)。
取乙酸乙酯部位Fr. B (117 g) 经硅胶柱色谱分离, 以二氯甲烷-甲醇系统(100∶0~0∶100) 梯度洗脱, 通过TLC合并相似成分得到Fr.B1~Fr.B7共7个流分。Fr.B6 (51.3 g) 经MCI柱色谱, 以甲醇-水系统(60∶40~100∶0) 洗脱, 通过TLC合并得到Fr.B6.1~Fr.B6.3共3个亚组分。Fr.B6.1 (32.9 g) 经硅胶柱色谱分离, 以二氯甲烷-甲醇系统(100∶0~0∶100) 梯度洗脱, 通过TLC合并得到Fr.B6.1.1~Fr.B6.1.8共8个流分。Fr.B6.1.6 (2.0 g) 经半制备高效液相(50%甲醇/0.1%甲酸水) 得到Fr.B6.1.6.1~Fr.B6.1.6.6共6个亚组分。Fr.B6.1.6.6 (305 mg) 经半制备高效液相(25%乙腈/0.1%甲酸水) 得到化合物9 (3.1 mg)、化合物10 (3.3 mg) 和化合物11 (22.5 mg); 将Fr.B6.1.6.3 (104 mg) 用半制备高效液相(30%乙腈/0.1%甲酸水) 纯化得到化合物12 (4.1 mg) 和化合物14 (5.8 mg); Fr.B6.1.6.5 (507 mg) 经半制备高效液相(37%乙腈/0.1%甲酸水) 得到化合物5 (2.4 mg)、化合物13 (5.4 mg) 和化合物15 (5.0 mg); 将Fr.B6.1.6.1 (507 mg) 用半制备高效液相(18%乙腈/0.1%甲酸水) 纯化得化合物1 (28.4 mg)、化合物2 (4.1 mg) 和化合物6 (7.8 mg); Fr.B6.1.6.2 (129 mg) 经半制备高效液相(32%乙腈/0.1%甲酸水) 得到化合物3 (12.1 mg) 和化合物4 (10.0 mg); Fr.B6.1.6.4 (324 mg) 经Sephadex LH-20柱色谱(MeOH/CH2Cl2=1∶1) 洗脱以及经半制备高效液相(31%乙腈/0.1%甲酸水) 得到化合物7 (3.2 mg) 和化合物8 (10.5 mg)。
化合物1  白色无定形粉末, 易溶于甲醇, 紫外254 nm下显示为暗斑, 10%浓硫酸乙醇溶液加热显棕色(105 ℃), UV显示在205 nm处有最大吸收, IR图谱中显示有羟基(3 443 cm-1)、羰基(1 748、1 731 cm-1)、双键(1 697、1 648 cm-1) 等基团特征吸收峰; HR-ESI-MS给出m/z: 401.157 4 [M+Na]+ (计算值401.157 6, C20H26O7Na), 提示分子式为C20H26O7, 不饱和度为8。1H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) 和13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) 数据见表 1
化合物2  白色针状结晶(甲醇), 溶于甲醇, 紫外254 nm下显示为暗斑, 10%浓硫酸乙醇溶液加热显棕色(105 ℃), UV显示在213 nm处有最大吸收峰, IR图谱中显示有羟基(3 420 cm-1)、羰基(1 768、1 715 cm-1)、双键(1 697、1 645 cm-1) 等基团特征吸收峰; HR-ESI-MS给出m/z: 383.150 4 [M+Na]+ (计算值383.147 1, C20H24O6Na), 提示分子式为C20H24O6, 不饱和度为9。1H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) 和13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) 数据见表 1
化合物3  白色针状结晶(甲醇), 溶于甲醇, HR-ESI-MS m/z: 387.141 8 [M+Na]+ (计算值387.142 0, C19H22O6Na), 推测分子式为C19H22O61H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 6.46 (1H, s, H-1), 6.23 (1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz, H-13a), 6.19 (1H, s, H-19a), 5.97 (1H, s, H-3), 5.80 (1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz, H-13b), 5.73 (1H, m, H-19b), 5.57 (1H, s, H-5), 5.29 (1H, m, H-8), 4.28 (1H, d, J = 3.2 Hz, H-6), 3.51 (1H, m, H-7), 2.68 (2H, m, H-9), 2.03 (3H, d, J = 1.3 Hz, H-18), 1.96 (3H, s, H-14), 1.76 (3H, s, H-15); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 133.4 (C-1), 195.4 (C-2), 129.3 (C-3), 159.2 (C-4), 73.8 (C-5), 81.3 (C-6), 49.6 (C-7), 72.4 (C-8), 45.4 (C-9), 137.0 (C-10), 133.0 (C-11), 169.6 (C-12), 128.5 (C-13), 19.1 (C-14), 20.3 (C-15), 165.7 (C-16), 135.7 (C-17), 126.8 (C-18), 18.5 (C-19)。以上数据与文献[10, 14]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物3为白花地胆草亭。
化合物4  白色粉末, 溶于甲醇, 推测分子式为C19H24O71H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 6.28 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz, H-18a), 6.23 (1H, s, H-13a), 5.88 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz, H-18b), 5.81 (1H, s, H-13b), 5.40 (1H, s, H-15a), 5.24 (1H, s, H-15b), 5.13 (1H, d, J = 10.8 Hz, H-8), 4.53 (1H, d, J = 4.0 Hz, H-5), 4.42 (1H, dd, J = 6.7, 4.0 Hz, H-6), 3.49 (1H, m, H-7), 2.77 (1H, d, J = 12.9 Hz, H-9a), 2.68 (1H, d, J = 12.9 Hz, H-9b), 2.58 (1H, d, J = 13.5 Hz, H-1a), 2.54 (1H, d, J = 14.5 Hz, H-3a), 2.46 (1H, d, J = 13.5 Hz, H-1b), 2.00 (3H, s, H-19), 1.95 (1H, d, J = 14.5 Hz, H-3b), 1.19 (3H, s, H-14); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 50.0 (C-1), 108.5 (C-2), 49.6 (C-3), 80.1 (C-4), 88.9 (C-5), 80.5 (C-6), 40.2 (C-7), 77.0 (C-8), 35.1 (C-9), 142.1 (C-10), 137.8 (C-11), 170.6 (C-12), 127.1 (C-13), 21.5 (C-14), 122.0 (C-15), 166.8 (C-16), 137.5 (C-17), 127.5 (C-18), 18.6 (C-19)。以上数据与文献[6]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物4为8-O-methacryloylelephanpane。
化合物5  黄色粉末, 溶于甲醇, HR-ESI-MS m/z: 269.044 4 [M-H]- (计算值269.045 0, C15H9O5), 推测分子式为C15H10O51H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 12.97 (1H, s, 5-OH), 7.92 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz, H-2′, 6′), 6.92 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz, H-3′, 5′), 6.78 (1H, s, H-3), 6.46 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz, H-8), 6.17 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz, H-6); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 164.8 (C-2), 103.5 (C-3), 181.8 (C-4), 161.5 (C-5), 99.0 (C-6), 163.7 (C-7), 94.1 (C-8), 157.4 (C-9), 103.5 (C-10), 121.2 (C-1′), 161.4 (C-4′), 128.5 (C-2′, 6′), 116.0 (C-3′, 5′)。以上数据与文献[15]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物5为芹菜素。
化合物6  黄色粉末, 溶于甲醇, HR-ESI-MS m/z: 329.066 1 [M-H]- (计算值329.066 1, C17H13O6), 推测分子式为C17H14O61H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δH 12.97 (1H, s, 5-OH), 7.32 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz, H-2′, 6′), 6.99 (1H, s, H-3), 6.55 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-8), 6.19 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-6), 3.82 (6H, s, H-3′, 5′OCH3); 13CNMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δC 164.6 (C-2), 103.6 (C-3), 181.8 (C-4), 157.4 (C-5), 99.0 (C-6), 163.6 (C-7), 94.3 (C-8), 161.4 (C-9), 120.4 (C-10), 139.8 (C-1′), 164.3 (C-4′), 104.3 (C-2′, 6′), 148.2 (C-3′, 5′)。以上数据与文献[16]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物6为苜蓿素。
化合物7  无色粉末, 易溶于甲醇、水, HR-ESI-MS m/z: 137.023 8 [M-H]- (计算值137.023 9, C7H5O3), 推测分子式为C7H6O31H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 9.69 (1H, s, H-7), 7.31 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-6), 7.29 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-2), 6.90 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-5); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 130.7 (C-1), 115.2 (C-2), 153.9 (C-3), 147.3 (C-4), 116.2 (C-5), 126.5 (C-6), 193.0 (C-7)。以上数据与文献[17]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物7为原儿茶醛。
化合物8  白色无定型粉末, 易溶于甲醇, 推测分子式为C8H8O41H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 7.54~7.56 (2H, m, H-2, 6), 6.83 (1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz, H-5), 3.89 (3H, s, H-OCH3); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 123.2 (C-1), 113.6 (C-2), 148.6 (C-3), 152.6 (C-4), 115.8 (C-5), 123.2 (C-6), 168.7 (C-7), 168.7 (OCH3)。以上数据与文献[18]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物8为3, 4-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯, 别名原儿茶酸甲酯。
化合物9 白色棱晶(甲醇), 易溶于甲醇, HR-ESI-MS m/z: 193.034 1 [M-H]- (计算值193.050 1, C10H9O4), 推测分子式为C10H10O41H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 7.54 (1H, d, J = 16.0 Hz, H-7), 7.03 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-2), 6.94 (1H, dd, J = 8.2, 2.0 Hz, H-6), 6.77 (1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz, H-5), 6.26 (1H, d, J = 16.0 Hz, H-8), 3.78 (3H, s, H-OCH3); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 127.6 (C-1), 114.7 (C-2), 146.9 (C-3), 149.6 (C-4), 115.0 (C-5), 122.9 (C-6), 146.8 (C-7), 116.4 (C-8), 169.8 (C-9), 52.0 (OCH3)。以上数据与文献[19]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物9为咖啡酸甲酯。
化合物10  白色粉末, 易溶于甲醇, HR-ESI-MS m/z: 207.065 5 [M-H]- (计算值207.065 7, C11H11O4), 推测分子式为C11H12O41H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 7.53 (1H, d, J = 16.0 Hz, H-7), 7.03 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-2), 6.94 (1H, dd, J = 8.2, 2.0 Hz, H-6), 6.76 (1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz, H-5), 6.25 (1H, d, J = 16.0 Hz, H-8), 6.25 (3H, t, J = 7.1 Hz, H-11), 4.21 (2H, q, J = 7.1 Hz, H-10); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 127.7 (C-1), 115.2 (C-2), 146.8 (C-3), 149.6 (C-4), 116.4 (C-5), 122.9 (C-6), 146.9 (C-7), 115.0 (C-8), 169.3 (C-9), 61.4 (C-10), 14.6 (C-11)。以上数据与文献[20]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物10为咖啡酸乙酯。
化合物11  无色油状, 易溶于甲醇, HR-ESI-MS m/z: 171.101 3 [M-H]- (计算值171.102 1, C9H15O3), 推测分子式为C9H16O31H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 6.91 (1H, dd, J = 15.6, 1.7 Hz, H-3), 5.97 (1H, dd, J = 15.6, 1.7 Hz, H-2), 4.22 (1H, m, H-4), 1.20~1.65 (8H, m, H-5~H-8), 0.92 (3H, t, J = 7.0 Hz, H-9); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 170.3 (C-1), 152.6 (C-2), 121.1 (C-3), 71.9 (C-4), 37.9 (C-5), 26.2 (C-6), 32.9 (C-7), 23.7 (C-8), 14.4 (C-9)。以上数据与文献[21]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物11为(+)-(4S)-(2E)-4-羟基-2-壬烯酸。
化合物12  无色油状, 溶于甲醇, 推测分子式为C6H10O31H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 6.89 (1H, dd, J = 15.6, 5.0 Hz, H-3), 5.97 (1H, dd, J = 15.6, 1.7 Hz, H-2), 4.15 (1H, m, H-4), 1.58 (2H, m, H-5), 0.96 (3H, t, J = 7.5 Hz, H-CH3); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 170.4 (C-1), 121.6 (C-2), 152.0 (C-3), 72.9 (C-4), 30.5 (C-5), 10.0 (C-6)。以上数据与文献[22]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物12E-4-羟基十六烷-2-烯酸。
化合物13  白色粉末, 易溶于甲醇, HR-ESI-MS m/z: 160.040 0 [M-H]- (计算值160.039 9, C9H6NO2), 推测分子式为C9H7NO21H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 8.07 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz, H-5), 7.94 (1H, s, H-2), 7.43 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz, H-8), 7.16~7.20 (2H, m, H-6, 7); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 133.3 (C-2), 108.9 (C-3), 127.6 (C-4), 122.0 (C-5), 123.6 (C-6), 123.3 (C-7), 112.9 (C-8), 138.2 (C-9), 169.4 (C-10)。以上数据与文献[23]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物13为3-吲哚甲酸。
化合物14  白色粉末, 易溶于甲醇, 推测分子式为C9H7NO。1H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 9.92 (1H, s, H-CHO), 8.30 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz, H-4), 8.08 (1H, s, H-2), 7.51 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz, H-7), 7.28 (2H, m, H-5, 6); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 138.7 (C-2), 120.9 (C-3), 122.3 (C-4), 123.6 (C-5), 124.2 (C-6), 112.5 (C-7), 185.1 (C-8)。以上数据与文献[24]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物14为3-吲哚甲醛。
化合物15  白色粉末, 易溶于甲醇, 推测分子式为C9H8NO41H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δH 2.66 (2H, m, H-3), 2.56 (2H, m, H-3‴), 1.90 (3H, s, H-4′); 13C NMR (150 MHz, CD3OD) δC 176.3 (C-3‴), 174.6 (C-5), 174.3 (C-2), 150.0 (C-3), 140.2 (C-4), 33.1 (C-3″), 20.3 (C-3′), 8.4 (C-4′)。以上数据与文献[25]报道基本一致, 故鉴定化合物15为异血红素酸。
采用MTT法检测化合物1~4对小鼠胃癌细胞SGC-7901的细胞毒活性。取培养至第三代以上且长至90%的细胞, 以每孔5×103个细胞均匀接种于96孔板, 每孔100 μL, 置37 ℃、5% CO2培养箱中培养24 h。随机分为空白对照组和给药组(含药物浓度分别为12.5、25、50、100 μmol·L-1), 每个浓度设6个复孔, 待细胞贴壁后, 按照分组分别加入相应试剂。继续孵育24 h后, 吸掉上清, 每孔避光加入10 μL的MTT, 继续孵育4 h。孵育完成后, 吸掉上清, 加入DMSO 150 μL, 用酶标仪缓慢振板10 min, 于490 nm处测其吸光度并计算细胞存活率。
作者贡献: 邹忠梅负责研究方案设计、写作建议、论文修改并最终定稿; 张涛负责实验和写作指导、论文修改; 张梦瑶负责整体实验、数据分析处理及文章撰写; 黄强参与白花地胆草样品提取与萃取工作; 张海新协助化学成分鉴定; 于猛参与化合物质谱测定。
利益冲突: 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突
  • 中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-017)
  • 国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项(2019ZX09735002)
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2023年第58卷第3期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-1069
  • 接收时间:2022-09-21
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2023-03-12
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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-21
  • 修回日期:2022-10-19
基金
中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-017)
国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项(2019ZX09735002)
作者信息
    1.中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药用植物研究所, 北京 100193
    2.天津中医药大学, 天津 300000
    3.沈阳药科大学, 辽宁 沈阳 110016

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*张涛, E-mail: ;
邹忠梅, Tel: 86-10-57833290, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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