Article(id=1198624303353790747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624302414263267, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0801, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1656518400000, receivedDateStr=2022-06-30, revisedDate=1659974400000, revisedDateStr=2022-08-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763703903281, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1676131200000, pubDateStr=2023-02-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763703903281, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763703903281, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763703903281, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198624302414263267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2023', volume='58', issue='2', pageStart='235', pageEnd='468', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763703903058, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763704055811, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198624943157116946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624302414263267, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198624943161311251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1198624302414263267, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=246, endPage=257, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198624303655780637, articleId=1198624303353790747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Exploring the safe and rational use of Epimedii Folium based on the evolution of efficacy/toxicity records in ancient and modern literature, columnId=1190335348648547107, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Reviews, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Epimedii Folium is a traditional non-toxic Chinese herbal medicine. However, liver injury caused by Chinese herb preparations, including Epimedii Folium, is frequently reported over the years. Based on ancient and modern literature, this paper systematically summarized and analyzed the safe application of Epimedii Folium from the perspectives of varieties, processing methods, clinical adverse reactions, pharmacological effects and toxic mechanism. Combined with our team work, we build the comprehensive prevention and control system "human-drug-application", for the safe and rational application of Epimedii Folium. This study is expected to provide support for scientific evaluation and precise prevention and control of the safety risk of Epimedii Folium.
, correspAuthors=Xiao-he XIAO, Zhao-fang BAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2023 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yuan GAO, Jia-bo WANG, Xiao-he XIAO, Zhao-fang BAI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198624305262199077, articleId=1198624303353790747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=从古今文献效/毒记载演变探讨中药淫羊藿安全合理用药, columnId=1190335349655180086, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
淫羊藿是临床常用的传统“无毒”补益类中药, 但近年来淫羊藿相关制剂致肝损伤报道频发, 更有单味淫羊藿诱发肝损伤的临床病例报道, 为淫羊藿临床安全合理应用带来极大挑战。本文基于古今文献, 从品种、炮制方法、临床不良反应、药理作用、毒性机制等角度对淫羊藿安全应用进行较为系统的汇总分析, 并结合本课题组工作基础, 提出构建淫羊藿临床安全合理应用的“人-药-用”综合防控体系, 以期全面实现淫羊藿毒性的可防可控, 保证淫羊藿的临床安全性。
, correspAuthors=肖小河, 柏兆方, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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2, 3, *, address=2. China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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2, 3, *, address=2.中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心, 全军中医药研究所, 北京 100039
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2, 3, *, address=2. China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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2, 3, *, address=2.中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心, 全军中医药研究所, 北京 100039
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32: 466-471., articleTitle=A review on research of raw material and cut crude drug of Herba Epimedium in last ten years, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198702063833149467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624303353790747, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=41, issue=null, pageStart=65, pageEnd=66, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDHG202214003.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=Guangdong Chem Ind (广东化工), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Deng XJ, Cao Q, Long XH. Determination of icariin from different varieties Epimedii in China[J].
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| Name | Model | Dosage | Time | Reference |
| Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. | Rat | 0.86 g·kg-1 | 6 months | [10] |
| 1.71 g·kg-1 |
| Epimedium koreanum Nakai | 0.43 g·kg-1 | 3 months |
| 1.29 g·kg-1 | 1 months |
| Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb.et Zucc.) Maxim. | 0.43 g·kg-1 | 1 months |
| Epimedium pubescens Maxim. | 0.86 g·kg-1 | 3 months |
| 1.71 g·kg-1 |
| Epimedium wushanense T. S. Ying | 1.29 g·kg-1 | 1 months |
| Aqueous and alcohol extract of Epimedium | ICR mice | 80, 40, 20 g·kg-1 | 8 weeks | [99] |
| Alcohol extract of Epimedium | 80, 40, 20 g·kg-1 |
| Epimedii Folium | ICR mice | 80 g·kg-1 | Gavage once, observed 2 weeks | [100] |
| CHO | 15.63, 31.25, 62.5, 125.0 mg·mL-1 | 24 h |
| CHL | 7.81, 15.63, 31.25, 62.5 mg·mL-1 | 24 h |
| L5178Y | 156.25, 312.5, 625, 1 250 μg·mL-1 | 2 days |
| E95EE | SD rat | 17.1 g·L-1 | 20 days | [101] |
| Icariin | ICR mice | 54 g·kg-1 gavage | Morning/noon/night | [103] |
| 50, 66, 87, 115, 152, 200 mg·kg-1 intravenous administration | Intravenous administration once, observed 14 days |
| Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb.et Zucc.) Maxi. | Zebrafish | 200, 500, 1 000, 1 500, 2 000 μg·mL-1 | 6 days | [104] |
| Zhuanggu guanjiewan et al | Beagle dog | 3.0 g·kg-1 | 26 weeks | [105] |
| Total flavones in Epimedium | Wistar rat | 1, 2, 4 g·kg-1 | 12 weeks | [106] |
| Total flavones in Epimedium | NIH mice | 0.3 mL·10 g-1 | Gavage once, observed 7 days | [107] |
| Epimedii Folium | SD rat (LPS model) | 0.22 g·kg-1 | 1 day | [108] |
| Icariside Ⅱ | C57BL/6 mice NLRP3-/- mice | 50 mg·kg-1 | 1 day | [11] |
| BMDMs | 1, 2.5, 5 μmol·L-1 | / |
| Icariside Ⅰ | C57BL/6 mice | 25, 50, 100 mg·kg-1 | 1 day | [12] |
| BMDMs | 5, 10, 20, 40 μmol·L-1 | / |
| Epimedin B | C57BL/6 mice | 20, 40, 80 mg·kg-1 | 1 day | [13] |
| BMDMs | 10, 20, 40 μmol·L-1 | / |
), ArticleFig(id=1198702060653867876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1198624303353790747, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
The mechanism of toxicity in Epimedii Folium. ICR: Institute of Cancer Research; CHO: Chinese Hamster oval cells; CHL: Chinese Hamster lung cells; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; NLRP3: NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3; BMDMs: Bone marrow-derived macrophages
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Name | Model | Dosage | Time | Reference |
| Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. | Rat | 0.86 g·kg-1 | 6 months | [10] |
| 1.71 g·kg-1 |
| Epimedium koreanum Nakai | 0.43 g·kg-1 | 3 months |
| 1.29 g·kg-1 | 1 months |
| Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb.et Zucc.) Maxim. | 0.43 g·kg-1 | 1 months |
| Epimedium pubescens Maxim. | 0.86 g·kg-1 | 3 months |
| 1.71 g·kg-1 |
| Epimedium wushanense T. S. Ying | 1.29 g·kg-1 | 1 months |
| Aqueous and alcohol extract of Epimedium | ICR mice | 80, 40, 20 g·kg-1 | 8 weeks | [99] |
| Alcohol extract of Epimedium | 80, 40, 20 g·kg-1 |
| Epimedii Folium | ICR mice | 80 g·kg-1 | Gavage once, observed 2 weeks | [100] |
| CHO | 15.63, 31.25, 62.5, 125.0 mg·mL-1 | 24 h |
| CHL | 7.81, 15.63, 31.25, 62.5 mg·mL-1 | 24 h |
| L5178Y | 156.25, 312.5, 625, 1 250 μg·mL-1 | 2 days |
| E95EE | SD rat | 17.1 g·L-1 | 20 days | [101] |
| Icariin | ICR mice | 54 g·kg-1 gavage | Morning/noon/night | [103] |
| 50, 66, 87, 115, 152, 200 mg·kg-1 intravenous administration | Intravenous administration once, observed 14 days |
| Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb.et Zucc.) Maxi. | Zebrafish | 200, 500, 1 000, 1 500, 2 000 μg·mL-1 | 6 days | [104] |
| Zhuanggu guanjiewan et al | Beagle dog | 3.0 g·kg-1 | 26 weeks | [105] |
| Total flavones in Epimedium | Wistar rat | 1, 2, 4 g·kg-1 | 12 weeks | [106] |
| Total flavones in Epimedium | NIH mice | 0.3 mL·10 g-1 | Gavage once, observed 7 days | [107] |
| Epimedii Folium | SD rat (LPS model) | 0.22 g·kg-1 | 1 day | [108] |
| Icariside Ⅱ | C57BL/6 mice NLRP3-/- mice | 50 mg·kg-1 | 1 day | [11] |
| BMDMs | 1, 2.5, 5 μmol·L-1 | / |
| Icariside Ⅰ | C57BL/6 mice | 25, 50, 100 mg·kg-1 | 1 day | [12] |
| BMDMs | 5, 10, 20, 40 μmol·L-1 | / |
| Epimedin B | C57BL/6 mice | 20, 40, 80 mg·kg-1 | 1 day | [13] |
| BMDMs | 10, 20, 40 μmol·L-1 | / |
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