Article(id=1210517372981612628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210517366081975259, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0732, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1655308800000, receivedDateStr=2022-06-16, revisedDate=1661184000000, revisedDateStr=2022-08-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766539432043, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1668182400000, pubDateStr=2022-11-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766539432043, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766539432043, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539432043, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210517366081975259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2022', volume='57', issue='11', pageStart='3259', pageEnd='3450', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766539430399, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766539608198, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1210518111875363690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210517366081975259, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1210518111875363691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1210517366081975259, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3387, endPage=3395, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210517374202155116, articleId=1210517372981612628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Mechanism of Sanzi Yangqin decoction to prevent the development of prehypertension and excessive phlegm-dampness syndrome in rats based on hypothalamic metabonomics, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of Sanzi Yangqin decoction (SYD) from the perspective of hypothalamic metabonomics to prevent the development of prehypertension (PHT) and excessive phlegm-dampness syndrome in rats. WKY rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group and a SYD group. The high-fat + high-salt method was used to induce PHT and excessive phlegm-dampness syndrome in the model and SYD rats. Different doses of SYD were used as an intervention over 8 weeks. Food consumption, weight, height, blood lipid and blood pressure were recorded for each group. The results show that, compared with the model group, the diet, weight and blood pressure of rats in SYD group decreased. Metabolites in the hypothalamus which differed in their expression between the three groups were identified and analyzed by LC-MS and the metabolic pathways were then determined. Fourteen metabolites in the hypothalamus were down-regulated and were mainly related to amino acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and glyceride metabolism, suggesting that SYD might alter hypothalamic dietary behavior, thereby affecting amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Review Committee of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number: SDUTCM20211103001).

, correspAuthors=Yu-chen QI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2022 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiao-qing GUO, Shu-min LI, Han YU, Jian-qiao YE, Dong-mei QI, Hai-qiang JIANG, Yu-chen QI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1210517376882315599, articleId=1210517372981612628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=基于下丘脑代谢组学研究三子养亲汤干预正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠作用机制, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本实验旨在从下丘脑代谢组学角度探讨三子养亲汤(Sanzi Yangqin decoction, SYD)干预正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠的作用机制。将WKY大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和SYD组。采用高脂+ 高盐方式制备正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠模型, 不同剂量SYD干预模型大鼠8周, 测量各组大鼠饮食量、体重、身长、血脂及血压, 利用液质联用技术分析筛选各组大鼠下丘脑中差异代谢物, 并进行代谢通路分析。结果显示, 与模型组相比较, SYD组大鼠饮食量减少, 体重降低, 血脂血压显著下降。同时下丘脑14个差异代谢物发生回调, 主要与氨基酸代谢、谷胱甘肽代谢、鞘脂代谢和甘油酯代谢有关, 提示SYD可能通过调节下丘脑饮食行为, 进而影响氨基酸代谢与能量代谢来发挥干预作用。本研究已获得山东中医药大学动物伦理审查委员会批准(批准号: SDUTCM20211103001)。

, correspAuthors=齐于辰, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*齐于辰, Tel: 13287011229, E-mail:
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Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
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PLoS One, 2017, 12: e0189009., articleTitle=Potential serum biomarkers and metabonomic profiling of serum in ischemic stroke patients using UPLC/Q-TOF MS/MS, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1210517387577791264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, awardId=81974555, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(81974555), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210517378253853033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517378274824556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, companyId=1210517378253853033, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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Faculty of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210517378853638560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, companyId=1210517378841055646, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=6.山东中医药大学健康学院, 山东 济南 250355)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1210517384012632756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=VlVj6qsG4PS2J3VL1bXJCw==, figureFileBig=1DPy0fdcmfTSBCk72dJRVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517384100713147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= The systolic blood pressure (SBP, A) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP, B) of rats in various group. 1: Before modeling; 2: After modeling; 3: After SYD intervention. The rats in treatment group were administered with SYD while the rats in other three groups were treated with the same amount of sterilized saline solution and valsartan. <i>n</i> = 6, <span class="mag-xml-overline" style="border-top:1px solid black"><i>x</i></span>±<i>s</i>. <sup>**</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> control group; <sup>ΔΔ</sup><i>P</i> < 0.01 <i>vs</i> model group , figureFileSmall=VlVj6qsG4PS2J3VL1bXJCw==, figureFileBig=1DPy0fdcmfTSBCk72dJRVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517384323011269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=I4q9yyaK/jAuCEGFyx50iQ==, figureFileBig=TOlKvPgxQYWcmrNxi3I9rA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517384457229002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= Total ion current diagram of positive ion mode or negative ion mode from three groups. A: The control group (+); B: The control group (-); C: The model group (+); D: The model group (-); E: The SYD-H group (+); F: The SYD-H group (-) , figureFileSmall=I4q9yyaK/jAuCEGFyx50iQ==, figureFileBig=TOlKvPgxQYWcmrNxi3I9rA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517384566280912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=qHko/8hOyyl9h091+33gMg==, figureFileBig=cJduCt3Y4jCoDU8zaZNZ0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517384637584080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= Principal components analysis and permutations test of various group. A, C: Positive ion mode; B, D: Negative ion mode , figureFileSmall=qHko/8hOyyl9h091+33gMg==, figureFileBig=cJduCt3Y4jCoDU8zaZNZ0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517384763413206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=I9/wxPLTT8RnlLNCdFdyOw==, figureFileBig=5b+R2GlZl/FdY8E00e1i8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517384872465113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= partial least squares discriminant analysis of positive ion mode (A) and negative ion mode (B) score plots of hypothalamus tissues metabolites from the control group, model group and SYD-H group , figureFileSmall=I9/wxPLTT8RnlLNCdFdyOw==, figureFileBig=5b+R2GlZl/FdY8E00e1i8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517384985711327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=27bzWQBc7U7Cf+oNR/hPQA==, figureFileBig=0k5OGJLW8KB4AHowddePbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385082180322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Metabolic pathway analysis of the altered metabolic network generated by MetaboAnalyst software. A: The model group <i>vs</i> the control group; B: The SYD-H group <i>vs</i> the model group. 1: Sphingolipid metabolism; 2: Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; 3: Glycerophospholipid metabolism; 4: Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; 5: Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; 6: Retinol metabolism; 7: Cysteine and methionine metabolism; 8: Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; 9: Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation; 10: Purine metabolism; 11: Steroid hormone biosynthesis; 12: Glutathione metabolism; 13: Fatty acid degradation , figureFileSmall=27bzWQBc7U7Cf+oNR/hPQA==, figureFileBig=0k5OGJLW8KB4AHowddePbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385178649320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=y8A9PCzOFSzicd8MRi9YTg==, figureFileBig=L7NOTUiAuqLB/cjULI7Bww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385275118315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= The metabolic network of the altered biomarkers in three groups. The blue arrows represent the expression of differential metabolites in the model group <i>vs</i> the control group; the red arrows represent the expression of differential metabolites in the SYD-H group <i>vs</i> the model group , figureFileSmall=y8A9PCzOFSzicd8MRi9YTg==, figureFileBig=L7NOTUiAuqLB/cjULI7Bww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1210517385354810095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupDiet quantity/gWeight/gLee's
C114.20 ± 2.67252.67 ± 6.730.30 ± 0.01
M128.00 ± 1.60**319.17 ± 8.33**0.37 ± 0.04**
), ArticleFig(id=1210517385463862004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Diet quantity and weight of after modeling in various groups. C: n = 10, x±s; M: n = 50, x±s. C: Control group; M: Model group. **P < 0.01 vs control group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupDiet quantity/gWeight/gLee's
C114.20 ± 2.67252.67 ± 6.730.30 ± 0.01
M128.00 ± 1.60**319.17 ± 8.33**0.37 ± 0.04**
), ArticleFig(id=1210517385551942393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupDiet quantity/gWeight/gLee's
C113.70 ± 2.42302.33 ± 12.490.29 ± 0.01
M130.20 ± 2.12**377.70 ± 13.04**0.39 ± 0.03**
V124.50 ± 1.90**ΔΔ246.53 ± 15.80**ΔΔ0.32 ± 0.01**ΔΔ
SYD-L125.00 ± 1.72**ΔΔ344.11 ± 13.93**ΔΔ0.38 ± 0.03**ΔΔ
SYD-M123.80 ± 1.46**ΔΔ346.14 ± 17.17**ΔΔ0.35 ± 0.01**ΔΔ
SYD-H122.60 ± 1.48**ΔΔ340.77 ± 18.17**ΔΔ0.33 ± 0.05**ΔΔ
), ArticleFig(id=1210517385627439869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=

Diet quantity and weight of after intervention in various groups. n = 10, x±s. V: Valsartan-treated group (0.03 g·kg-1); SYD-L: Sanzi Yangqin decoction (SYD)-treated group (1.755 g·kg-1); SYD-M: SYD-treated group (3.51 g·kg-1); SYD-H: SYD-treated group (7.02 g·kg-1). **P < 0.01 vs control group; ΔΔP < 0.01 vs model group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupDiet quantity/gWeight/gLee's
C113.70 ± 2.42302.33 ± 12.490.29 ± 0.01
M130.20 ± 2.12**377.70 ± 13.04**0.39 ± 0.03**
V124.50 ± 1.90**ΔΔ246.53 ± 15.80**ΔΔ0.32 ± 0.01**ΔΔ
SYD-L125.00 ± 1.72**ΔΔ344.11 ± 13.93**ΔΔ0.38 ± 0.03**ΔΔ
SYD-M123.80 ± 1.46**ΔΔ346.14 ± 17.17**ΔΔ0.35 ± 0.01**ΔΔ
SYD-H122.60 ± 1.48**ΔΔ340.77 ± 18.17**ΔΔ0.33 ± 0.05**ΔΔ
), ArticleFig(id=1210517385698743041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupTG /mmol·L-1CHOL /mmol·L-1HDL-C /mmol·L-1LDL-C /mmol·L-1
C0.96 ± 0.222.51 ± 0.201.64 ± 0.080.45 ± 0.03
M1.25 ± 0.30*2.68 ± 0.27**1.50 ± 0.09**0.58 ± 0.02**
), ArticleFig(id=1210517385795212039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=

Expression levels of serum lipid indexes of rats in each group after modeling. C: n = 6, x±s; M: n = 30, x±s. TG: Triglyceride; CHOL: Cholesterin; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs control group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupTG /mmol·L-1CHOL /mmol·L-1HDL-C /mmol·L-1LDL-C /mmol·L-1
C0.96 ± 0.222.51 ± 0.201.64 ± 0.080.45 ± 0.03
M1.25 ± 0.30*2.68 ± 0.27**1.50 ± 0.09**0.58 ± 0.02**
), ArticleFig(id=1210517385866515211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupTG/mmol·L-1CHOL/mmol·L-1HDL-C/mmol·L-1LDL-C/mmol·L-1
C0.90 ± 0.342.69 ± 0.291.69 ± 0.430.48 ± 0.17
M1.39 ± 0.43**2.99 ± 0.21**1.54 ± 0.36**0.62 ± 0.22**
V0.76 ± 0.22**ΔΔ2.72 ± 0.45**ΔΔ1.65 ± 0.30**ΔΔ0.44 ± 0.16**ΔΔ
SYD-L1.00 ± 0.27**ΔΔ2.87 ± 0.29**ΔΔ1.54 ± 0.41**ΔΔ0.54 ± 0.21**ΔΔ
SYD-M1.57 ± 0.26**ΔΔ2.96 ± 0.12**ΔΔ1.56 ± 0.44**ΔΔ0.57 ± 0.37**ΔΔ
SYD-H0.89 ± 0.67**ΔΔ2.67 ± 1.25**ΔΔ1.71 ± 0.36**ΔΔ0.43 ± 0.40**ΔΔ
), ArticleFig(id=1210517387095446288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=

Expression levels of serum lipid indexes of rat in each group after SYD intervention. n = 6, x±s. **P < 0.01 vs control group; ΔΔP < 0.01 vs model group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupTG/mmol·L-1CHOL/mmol·L-1HDL-C/mmol·L-1LDL-C/mmol·L-1
C0.90 ± 0.342.69 ± 0.291.69 ± 0.430.48 ± 0.17
M1.39 ± 0.43**2.99 ± 0.21**1.54 ± 0.36**0.62 ± 0.22**
V0.76 ± 0.22**ΔΔ2.72 ± 0.45**ΔΔ1.65 ± 0.30**ΔΔ0.44 ± 0.16**ΔΔ
SYD-L1.00 ± 0.27**ΔΔ2.87 ± 0.29**ΔΔ1.54 ± 0.41**ΔΔ0.54 ± 0.21**ΔΔ
SYD-M1.57 ± 0.26**ΔΔ2.96 ± 0.12**ΔΔ1.56 ± 0.44**ΔΔ0.57 ± 0.37**ΔΔ
SYD-H0.89 ± 0.67**ΔΔ2.67 ± 1.25**ΔΔ1.71 ± 0.36**ΔΔ0.43 ± 0.40**ΔΔ
), ArticleFig(id=1210517387242246933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
MetaboliteFormulaRT/minPractical m/zError (ppm)P-valueM vs CSYD-H vs M
Log2FCTrendLog2FCTrend
DodecanedioylcarnitineC26H31NO19.29374.247 3-1.4460.004-1.18-1.57
trans-Tetradec-2-enoic acidC14H26O213.03227.200 1-1.7900.0211.17*5.76*
PalmitoylethanolamideC18H37NO212.07300.289 0-2.3510.0454.962.16
Dihomo-gamma-linolenoylethanolamideC22H39NO217.73350.304 2-3.2600.003-3.15**3.11**
PalmitoylcarnitineC23H45NO413.28400.341 5-1.587< 0.001-1.49-1.88
L-CarnitineC7H13NO20.80144.101 8-1.070< 0.001-1.09-2.39
StearoylethanolamideC20H39NO18.69310.309 3-3.6780.047-2.26-2.26
LysoPE(P-16:0/0:0)C21H44NO6P14.56438.297 0-2.0560.034-1.74-3.57
LysylglycineC13H17NO14.43204.137 9-1.914< 0.0012.241.13
CapryloylcholineC13H27NO212.75230.211 1-1.5450.0301.11*1.46*
ValylalanineC8H16N2O30.83189.123 0-1.9510.004-1.21**3.16**
AdrenoylethanolamideC24H41NO219.25376.320 0-2.6730.007-2.37*2.70**
N-HeptanoylglycineC9H17NO37.17188.127 6-1.5460.0261.16*-1.46*
NeuraminicacidC10H13N5O40.83268.104 3-2.315< 0.001-3.61-2.05
DiethylphosphateC4H11O4P8.48155.046 4-2.398< 0.001-1.55-2.56
LysylleucineC17H25NO14.43260.200 4-1.880< 0.0012.66*-3.06**
MG(22:6(4Z, 7Z, 10Z, 13Z, 16Z, 19Z)/0:0/0:0)C25H36O316.49385.273 7-0.040< 0.001-2.58**5.08**
AlphalinolenoylethanolamideC20H33NO16.52304.262 6-3.060< 0.001-1.56*1.34**
Gamma-glutamylcysteineC8H14N2O5S0.82251.068 8-3.2700.009-1.75**2.23**
PalmiticamideC16H33NO17.68256.262 6-3.520< 0.001-4.15-1.52
Asparaginyl-phenylalanineC13H15N3O38.48262.143 1-2.670< 0.001-2.16**3.45**
ThreonylarginineC15H19NO315.01276.166 3-0.180< 0.0012.341.90
LysylthreonineC15H21NO214.36248.163 7-1.610< 0.0013.123.83
StearoylglycineC20H37NO215.93324.288 8-2.8700.006-2.51**1.15**
LysylhydroxyprolineC16H19NO7.39242.153 6-1.620< 0.001-3.66-1.83
AdrenosteroneC12H26O76.18283.174 4-2.580< 0.001-1.99-1.97
N-UndecanoylglycineC13H25NO310.16244.190 1-2.4200.0482.09*-6.85*
CholineC5H11N0.8286.096 74.0600.003-1.16**2.15**
PropionylcholineC8H17NO20.84160.134 8-0.650< 0.001-1.83-3.15
PhenylpropionylglycineC8H15NO2S0.82190.089 4-1.270< 0.001-3.70-1.66
SphinganineC18H39NO211.65302.304 4-3.162< 0.001-1.37-1.77
OleoylglycineC20H35NO216.71322.273 0-2.920< 0.001-3.63-1.89
), ArticleFig(id=1210517387397436187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1210517372981612628, language=CN, label=Table 5, caption=

Differential metabolite in hypothalamus in various groups. FC: Fold change; RT: Retention time; ↓Means that the relative peak area of group is lowered; ↑Means that the relative peak area is raised; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
MetaboliteFormulaRT/minPractical m/zError (ppm)P-valueM vs CSYD-H vs M
Log2FCTrendLog2FCTrend
DodecanedioylcarnitineC26H31NO19.29374.247 3-1.4460.004-1.18-1.57
trans-Tetradec-2-enoic acidC14H26O213.03227.200 1-1.7900.0211.17*5.76*
PalmitoylethanolamideC18H37NO212.07300.289 0-2.3510.0454.962.16
Dihomo-gamma-linolenoylethanolamideC22H39NO217.73350.304 2-3.2600.003-3.15**3.11**
PalmitoylcarnitineC23H45NO413.28400.341 5-1.587< 0.001-1.49-1.88
L-CarnitineC7H13NO20.80144.101 8-1.070< 0.001-1.09-2.39
StearoylethanolamideC20H39NO18.69310.309 3-3.6780.047-2.26-2.26
LysoPE(P-16:0/0:0)C21H44NO6P14.56438.297 0-2.0560.034-1.74-3.57
LysylglycineC13H17NO14.43204.137 9-1.914< 0.0012.241.13
CapryloylcholineC13H27NO212.75230.211 1-1.5450.0301.11*1.46*
ValylalanineC8H16N2O30.83189.123 0-1.9510.004-1.21**3.16**
AdrenoylethanolamideC24H41NO219.25376.320 0-2.6730.007-2.37*2.70**
N-HeptanoylglycineC9H17NO37.17188.127 6-1.5460.0261.16*-1.46*
NeuraminicacidC10H13N5O40.83268.104 3-2.315< 0.001-3.61-2.05
DiethylphosphateC4H11O4P8.48155.046 4-2.398< 0.001-1.55-2.56
LysylleucineC17H25NO14.43260.200 4-1.880< 0.0012.66*-3.06**
MG(22:6(4Z, 7Z, 10Z, 13Z, 16Z, 19Z)/0:0/0:0)C25H36O316.49385.273 7-0.040< 0.001-2.58**5.08**
AlphalinolenoylethanolamideC20H33NO16.52304.262 6-3.060< 0.001-1.56*1.34**
Gamma-glutamylcysteineC8H14N2O5S0.82251.068 8-3.2700.009-1.75**2.23**
PalmiticamideC16H33NO17.68256.262 6-3.520< 0.001-4.15-1.52
Asparaginyl-phenylalanineC13H15N3O38.48262.143 1-2.670< 0.001-2.16**3.45**
ThreonylarginineC15H19NO315.01276.166 3-0.180< 0.0012.341.90
LysylthreonineC15H21NO214.36248.163 7-1.610< 0.0013.123.83
StearoylglycineC20H37NO215.93324.288 8-2.8700.006-2.51**1.15**
LysylhydroxyprolineC16H19NO7.39242.153 6-1.620< 0.001-3.66-1.83
AdrenosteroneC12H26O76.18283.174 4-2.580< 0.001-1.99-1.97
N-UndecanoylglycineC13H25NO310.16244.190 1-2.4200.0482.09*-6.85*
CholineC5H11N0.8286.096 74.0600.003-1.16**2.15**
PropionylcholineC8H17NO20.84160.134 8-0.650< 0.001-1.83-3.15
PhenylpropionylglycineC8H15NO2S0.82190.089 4-1.270< 0.001-3.70-1.66
SphinganineC18H39NO211.65302.304 4-3.162< 0.001-1.37-1.77
OleoylglycineC20H35NO216.71322.273 0-2.920< 0.001-3.63-1.89
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基于下丘脑代谢组学研究三子养亲汤干预正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠作用机制
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郭晓庆 1 , 李淑敏 2 , 于晗 2 , 叶建桥 1 , 齐冬梅 3, 4, 5 , 蒋海强 1, 4, 5 , 齐于辰 6, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2022,57(11): 3387-3395
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2022, 57(11): 3387-3395
基于下丘脑代谢组学研究三子养亲汤干预正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠作用机制
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郭晓庆1, 李淑敏2, 于晗2, 叶建桥1, 齐冬梅3, 4, 5, 蒋海强1, 4, 5, 齐于辰6, *
作者信息
  • 1.山东中医药大学中医药创新研究院, 山东 济南 250355
  • 2.山东中医药大学中医学院, 山东 济南 250355
  • 3.山东中医药大学实验中心, 山东 济南 250355
  • 4.山东省中医药基础研究重点实验室, 山东 济南 250355
  • 5.山东中医药大学教育部中医药经典理论重点实验室, 山东 济南 250355
  • 6.山东中医药大学健康学院, 山东 济南 250355

通讯作者:

*齐于辰, Tel: 13287011229, E-mail:
Mechanism of Sanzi Yangqin decoction to prevent the development of prehypertension and excessive phlegm-dampness syndrome in rats based on hypothalamic metabonomics
Xiao-qing GUO1, Shu-min LI2, Han YU2, Jian-qiao YE1, Dong-mei QI3, 4, 5, Hai-qiang JIANG1, 4, 5, Yu-chen QI6, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Institute of Innovation in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
  • 2. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
  • 3. Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
  • 4. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Jinan 250355, China
  • 5. Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
  • 6. Faculty of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
出版时间: 2022-11-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0732
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本实验旨在从下丘脑代谢组学角度探讨三子养亲汤(Sanzi Yangqin decoction, SYD)干预正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠的作用机制。将WKY大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和SYD组。采用高脂+ 高盐方式制备正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠模型, 不同剂量SYD干预模型大鼠8周, 测量各组大鼠饮食量、体重、身长、血脂及血压, 利用液质联用技术分析筛选各组大鼠下丘脑中差异代谢物, 并进行代谢通路分析。结果显示, 与模型组相比较, SYD组大鼠饮食量减少, 体重降低, 血脂血压显著下降。同时下丘脑14个差异代谢物发生回调, 主要与氨基酸代谢、谷胱甘肽代谢、鞘脂代谢和甘油酯代谢有关, 提示SYD可能通过调节下丘脑饮食行为, 进而影响氨基酸代谢与能量代谢来发挥干预作用。本研究已获得山东中医药大学动物伦理审查委员会批准(批准号: SDUTCM20211103001)。

正常高值血压  /  痰湿壅盛证  /  三子养亲汤  /  代谢组学  /  下丘脑

The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of Sanzi Yangqin decoction (SYD) from the perspective of hypothalamic metabonomics to prevent the development of prehypertension (PHT) and excessive phlegm-dampness syndrome in rats. WKY rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group and a SYD group. The high-fat + high-salt method was used to induce PHT and excessive phlegm-dampness syndrome in the model and SYD rats. Different doses of SYD were used as an intervention over 8 weeks. Food consumption, weight, height, blood lipid and blood pressure were recorded for each group. The results show that, compared with the model group, the diet, weight and blood pressure of rats in SYD group decreased. Metabolites in the hypothalamus which differed in their expression between the three groups were identified and analyzed by LC-MS and the metabolic pathways were then determined. Fourteen metabolites in the hypothalamus were down-regulated and were mainly related to amino acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and glyceride metabolism, suggesting that SYD might alter hypothalamic dietary behavior, thereby affecting amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Review Committee of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number: SDUTCM20211103001).

prehypertension  /  excessive phlegm-dampness syndrome  /  Sanzi Yangqin decoction  /  metabonomics  /  hypothalamic
郭晓庆, 李淑敏, 于晗, 叶建桥, 齐冬梅, 蒋海强, 齐于辰. 基于下丘脑代谢组学研究三子养亲汤干预正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠作用机制. 药学学报, 2022 , 57 (11) : 3387 -3395 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0732
Xiao-qing GUO, Shu-min LI, Han YU, Jian-qiao YE, Dong-mei QI, Hai-qiang JIANG, Yu-chen QI. Mechanism of Sanzi Yangqin decoction to prevent the development of prehypertension and excessive phlegm-dampness syndrome in rats based on hypothalamic metabonomics[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2022 , 57 (11) : 3387 -3395 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0732
正常高值血压又称为高血压前期(prehypertension, PHT), 是正常血压逐渐进展为高血压疾病的过渡阶段, 国际高血压学会将正常高值血压范围定为收缩压(systolic blood pressure, SBP) 130~139 mmHg和(或) 舒张压(diastolic blood pressure, DBP) 85~89 mmHg[1]。流行病学研究表明, 我国PHT的发生率为56.9%, 10年后进展为高血压的风险比正常血压人群增加1倍以上[2]。因此, 对PHT进行早期干预, 对高血压、心血管事件的一级预防具有重大意义。经研究发现, 痰湿壅盛是PHT的主要证型[3, 4]。本课题组前期通过流行病学统计分析, 将PHT分为无症状组和有症状组, 有症状组包括肝火炽盛证、痰湿壅盛证、肾阳虚证和阴虚阳亢证[5], 对PHT痰湿壅盛证诊断量表进行信度和效度测评[6], 通过代谢组学方法筛选了临床PHT痰湿壅盛证患者血清差异代谢物进行机制研究, 并明确了莱菔子水煎液和藤菔降压方具有降低血压的作用[7, 8]。以上内容为本研究的深入开展提供了依据。
PHT痰湿壅盛证多因脾虚生痰, 运化失司, 痰浊阻滞气机致脉道壅滞继而发为眩晕、头痛, 治宜祛痰行气, 调畅气机, 决渎壅塞而解除壅态。三子养亲汤(Sanzi Yangqin decoction, SYD) 由炒白芥子、炒莱菔子、炒紫苏子3味药组成, 为治疗脾虚湿运, 湿聚成痰, 痰壅气滞的常用方[9], 现代药理学研究表明, 莱菔子与白芥子中含有的芥子碱硫氰酸酯具有明显的降压、降脂功效[10, 11], 紫苏子提取物苏子油能够调节血脂与血压[12]。目前已有研究证明SYD能够有效防治机体脂质代谢紊乱及血压升高等代谢综合症性疾病[13-15]。因此本研究选用SYD并基于高效液相色谱质谱联用(high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, HPLC-MS) 方法揭示组间代谢差异, 对差异代谢物进行识别和通路分析, 以期为临床PHT痰湿壅盛证的防治提供参考思路。
实验动物  SPF级4周龄雄性WKY大鼠70只, 体质量70~90 g, 购于北京维通利华有限公司, 生产许可证号SCXK (京) 2021-0006。所有动物实验严格按照山东中医药大学关于实验动物护理和使用的指导原则进行[动物使用许可证号: SYXK (鲁) 20170022]。本研究已获得山东中医药大学动物伦理审查委员会批准(批准号: SDUTCM20211103001)。
仪器与试剂  BP-2010Serise型智能无创血压计(北京软隆生物技术有限公司); 5424R型高速冷冻离心机(德国Eppendorf公司); AR224CN型电子天平(美国OHAUS公司); Ultimate 3000型超高液相色谱系统-Q-Exactive型质谱联用仪(美国Thermo Fisher公司)。甲醇, 乙腈(美国Thermo Fisher公司)。炒莱菔子(山东百味堂中药饮片有限公司, 批号: 210501)、炒白芥子(亳州市沪谯药业有限公司, 产地: 安徽, 批号: 2102180222)、炒紫苏子(亳州市沪谯药业有限公司, 产地: 江苏, 批号: 2101180112) 均购于山东省中医院, 经山东中医药大学中医药创新研究院刘红燕教授鉴定莱菔子为十字花科植物萝卜Raphanus sativus L.干燥成熟种子的炮制加工品“炒莱菔子”, 白芥子为十字花科植物白芥Sinapis alba L.干燥成熟种子的炮制加工品“炒白芥子”, 紫苏子为唇形科植物紫苏Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.成熟果实的炮制加工品“炒紫苏子”, 所有饮片均符合2020版《中华人民共和国药典》规定。缬沙坦胶囊[天大药业(珠海) 有限公司, 批号: H20030777]; 高脂饲料(美国Research Diets公司, 批号: D12491)。
药物制备方法  按照处方比例(5∶2∶2) 称取炒莱菔子饮片(1 405 g)、炒白芥子饮片(562 g)、炒紫苏子饮片(562 g), 加入饮片量10倍的水浸泡30 min, 煎煮两次, 一煎煮沸后继续煎煮30 min, 趁热过滤, 第二煎加入饮片量8倍的水煮沸后煎煮20 min, 趁热过滤, 合并滤液。滤液减压浓缩(60 ℃) 成1.2 g·mL-1, 无菌包装密封, 冷冻保存。
动物分组与给药  适应性饲养1周后, 将70只大鼠随机分成正常组(C) 10只, 给予维持饲料+ 生理盐水灌胃, 造模组60只, 给予高脂饲料+ 8%盐水灌胃, 期间每周测量饮食量、体重、身长、肥胖率[(M组动物体重-C组动物体重/ C组动物体重) × 100%]、Lee's指数[(末次体重1/3 / 身长) × 10] 及血压, 每月测量血脂, 持续饲养8周后, 视体重、身长、肥胖率、Lee's指数、血脂及血压判断模型是否成功, 遴选出50只PHT痰湿壅盛证大鼠, 并随机分为模型组(M) 与三子养亲汤低(SYD-L)、中(SYD-M)、高(SYD-H) 剂量组、阳性对照组(V), 每组均10只。给药干预组给予高脂饲料+ 已制备的SYD, 依据《药理实验方法学》, 按照成人临床常规使用剂量与大鼠体表面积进行等效剂量计算得大鼠每日给药剂量SYD-M为3.51 g·kg-1生药量[13, 16], SYD-L为1.755 g·kg-1生药量, SYD-H为7.02 g·kg-1生药量, V组缬沙坦为0.03g·kg-1。正常组继续给予维持饲料+ 生理盐水, 模型组继续给予高脂饲料+ 8%盐水, 连续8周。
大鼠下丘脑组织采集与处理  末次给药后大鼠禁食不禁水24 h, 1.5%戊巴比妥钠麻醉, 打开胸腔, 以生理盐水心脏灌注, 取大鼠全脑并分离出下丘脑, 置于-80 ℃备用。
代谢组学样本采集与处理  将冻存的下丘脑室温解冻, 称取15 mg下丘脑, 加入500 μL (乙腈∶异丙醇∶水, 3∶3∶2), 匀浆, 4 ℃、15 000 r·min-1离心15 min, 取上清液, 氮气吹干, 加入400 μL初始流动相(水∶乙腈, 7∶3) 复溶, 涡旋1 min, 15 000 r·min-1离心10 min, 取80 μL上清液用于进行LC-MS分析。所有下丘脑样本各取20 μL, 制成质量控制(quality control, QC) 样本。
色谱条件为流速0.3 mL·min-1, 柱温45 ℃, 进样器温度15 ℃, 进样量2 μL, 流动相为0.05%甲酸水溶液(A)-0.05%甲酸乙腈溶液(B), 梯度洗脱0~1 min, 2% B; 1~3 min, 2%~40% B; 3~15 min, 40%~98% B。每次进样前以初始流动相平衡3 min。
质谱条件为在正、负离子模式下分别进行采集, 电喷雾离子源(ESI), 离子源温度350 ℃, 喷雾电压3.5 kV (ESI+) 或3 kV (ESI-), 毛细管温度300 ℃, 鞘气流速45 arb, 辅助气流速10 arb, 全扫描分辨率70 000, 二级分辨率(MS/MS) 17 500, S-lens电压50 V, 质谱采集范围m/z 80~1 000。
数据处理  利用Compound Discoverer 3.1 (美国Thermo Fisher公司) 进行峰对齐、峰提取、归一化等数据预处理, 将预处理后的数据导入到SIMCA-P 14.1软件(瑞典Umetrics公司) 中进行多元统计学分析, 包括主成分分析(principal components analysis, PCA)、最小二乘法判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis, PLS-DA), 根据投影变量重要性(variable importance in projection, VIP) 进一步选取VIP值> 1且P < 0.05的变量进行统计学分析。
差异代谢物筛选  根据其精确分子量和串联质谱结果, 在线搜索HMDB数据库(http://www.hmdb.ca/), 进行质谱信息匹配, 同时参照有关文献对化合物进行鉴定, 最终对已鉴定的代谢标志物通过MetaboAnalyst5.0平台(https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/) 进行通路分析。
统计结果分析  采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计学分析, 组间比较采用独立样本t检验, P < 0.05表示差异具有统计学意义, 数据以(x±s) 表示。
与C组比较, M组大鼠盐水灌胃干预后, 次日便出现精神狂躁现象; 给予高脂饲料2周后, 出现毛色暗淡、懒动、纳呆、便溏、肛周不洁等情况; 给药干预后, SYD组大鼠较前温顺, 毛色鲜亮, 活动良好、饮食正常, 便溏、肛周不洁状态有所改善。
高脂+ 高盐干预后, 与C组比较, M组大鼠体型显著增加, 饮食量和体重指数均显著升高。根据肥胖率公式计算M组肥胖率为26.32%, 与C组比较肥胖率 > 20%, 符合肥胖的判定标准[17]。根据Lee's指数公式计算, M组Lee's指数增加, 说明大鼠造模效果较好, 如表 1所示。给药后SYD组大鼠饮食量、体重和Lee's指数均有所下降(P < 0.01), 且SYD-H组效果更加明显, 如表 2所示。提示SYD对大鼠饮食量、体重指标有较明显的调节作用, 能有效改善肥胖痰湿病理状态。
与C组相比, M组大鼠TG、CHOL、LDL-C均显著升高(P < 0.01), HDL-C水平显著下降(P < 0.01), 说明模型已经形成, 如表 3所示。与M组相比, SYD干预后, TG、CHOL、LDL-C水平显著降低(P < 0.01), SYD-H组最接近C组, 表明SYD-H组剂量效果最好, 如表 4所示。
造模前C组与M组大鼠血压在120/63 mmHg左右, 造模8周后, WKY大鼠血压出现上升趋势, M组大鼠血压在138/88 mmHg左右, 与C组相比具有显著性差异(P < 0.01), 连续监测血压, 血压保持稳定。SYD干预后, 大鼠收缩压与舒张压显著下降(P < 0.01), 且SYD-H组效果更加明显, 表明SYD可使大鼠血压趋向正常, 如图 1AB所示。
通过饮食量、体重、Lee's指数、血脂及血压数据分析, 发现SYD-H组干预效果最好, 遂进行下一步代谢组学分析。C组、M组、SYD-H组大鼠下丘脑在正、负离子模式下的总离子流图, 如图 2所示, 可知各组轮廓大致相似, 但代谢物含量有差异。
对各组样本进行PCA分析, PCA结果显示QC样本聚集度高, 说明实验建立的方法重复性和稳定性较好, 在正、负离子模式下, 各组间有聚集分离趋势。C组与M组区分度较小, 表明基于PCA分析, C组与M组的组间变异度较小, 由于PCA分析不足以证明组间差异, 为了最大程度突出组间差异, 需要进一步采用PLS-DA分析。SYD-H组与M组明显分开, 并趋近于C组, 如图 3AB所示。对数据模型进行100次置换检验, 发现R2Q2值均小于右端, 前者在后者之上, 并且后者回归直线与纵轴截距为负值, 表明模型有效可靠, 未产生过拟合现象, 如图 3CD所示。
为直观反映SYD对PHT痰湿壅盛证大鼠下丘脑异常代谢的调节作用, 去除QC样本, 对C组、M组及SYD-H组进行PLS-DA分析, 结果如图 4所示, C组与M组、M组与SYD-H组之间能被很好地分开, 组内样本在一定范围内聚集良好, 说明C组与M组、M组与SYD-H组之间存在着明显的差异代谢物。SYD-H组的样品点逐渐接近C组的样品点, 说明SYD影响了PHT痰湿壅盛证大鼠下丘脑代谢轮廓, 并使之趋向于正常大鼠。
三子养亲汤干预PHT痰湿壅盛证大鼠的主要差异代谢物结果如表 5所示, 选取VIP > 1且P < 0.05的相应变量为主要差异代谢物, 同时, 通过一、二级质谱信息, 并结合HMDB、KEGG数据库查询和相关文献报道进行鉴定, 最终在正、负离子模式下共筛选出C组与M组差异代谢物32个, 其中7个上调、25个下调, 给与SYD-H干预后, 14个差异代谢物出现回调(P < 0.05), 其中10个显著回调(P < 0.01)。
将C组与M组筛选出的差异代谢物进行代谢通路分析, 发现涉及11条代谢通路, 如图 5A所示。SYD干预后能调节其中的9条通路, 主要包括甘氨酸、苏氨酸和丝氨酸代谢, 缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成与降解, 谷胱甘肽代谢, 氨酰tRNA合成, 类固醇激素生物合成, 甘油酯代谢, 脂肪酸降解和鞘脂代谢, 如图 5B所示。显著差异代谢物代谢网络如图 6所示。
本研究采用高脂+ 高盐方法制备PHT痰湿壅盛证模型, 选取SYD给药干预, 找寻下丘脑差异代谢物, 进而探讨SYD的作用机制。下丘脑是饮食与能量调节中枢[18], 可有效减轻机体肥胖进而降低血压[19], 与其相关的“下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴”在血压调节方面具有重要作用[20]。SYD中芥子利气消痰, 莱菔子消积降气, 苏子降气化痰, 此三味药均有化痰通气作用, 能够解除机体郁遏之态从而防治PHT痰湿壅盛证。但因中药成分复杂, 作用途径众多, 其对PHT痰湿壅盛证作用机制尚不明确, 因此本研究基于下丘脑代谢组学方法探讨SYD对PHT痰湿壅盛证大鼠的干预作用。
本研究结果显示, PHT痰湿壅盛证大鼠下丘脑内32个内源性代谢物发生了波动, 给药SYD可使14个代谢物发生回调, 其中10个代谢物显著回调, 分别为天冬酰胺-苯丙氨酸、硬脂酰甘氨酸、胆碱、赖氨酰亮氨酸、缬氨酸丙氨酸、γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸、甘油一酯(MG)、γ-亚麻酸乙醇酰胺、α-亚麻酰乙醇酰胺、肾上腺素乙醇酰胺。将上述确定的代谢物进行代谢通路分析, 发现主要影响9个代谢通路, 分别是甘氨酸、苏氨酸和丝氨酸代谢、缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成与降解、氨酰tRNA合成、谷胱甘肽代谢、类固醇激素生物合成、甘油酯代谢、脂肪酸降解和鞘脂代谢。这些代谢物与通路主要涉及氨基酸代谢与能量代谢, 表明SYD能够通过调控下丘脑饮食行为参与氨基酸代谢与能量代谢, 从而改善PHT痰湿壅盛证病理状态。
天冬氨酰-苯丙氨酸是天冬氨酸代谢过程中形成的二肽, 集中存在于下丘脑区域, 作为兴奋性氨基酸, 其在含量较少时可更高的激发神经细胞水平影响神经元的兴奋性, 从而影响交感神经活动和动脉血压[21, 22]。同时, 天冬氨酸是一种能量氨基酸, 有助于输送能量进入线粒体, 在能量代谢方面发挥更大作用[23]。抑制性神经递质甘氨酸可以合成胆碱, 调节下丘脑内乙酰胆碱的释放, 参与调节胆碱能神经活性[24], 乙酰胆碱调节血压的方式是主要作用于M2型受体, 受体基因表达升高, 引发交感神经过度兴奋[25]。此外, 甘氨酸可以通过激活下丘脑外侧的甘丙肽2受体来控制饮食调节中枢下丘脑, 减少对食物的过量摄入进而调控能量代谢[26]。亮氨酸是构成脑啡肽的重要氨基酸, 具有与神经细胞相应受体结合后发挥神经传递的作用[27], 其能够通过影响下丘脑肾上腺皮质素释放激素表达及交感神经系统活性, 调控外周脂质代谢和能量消耗[28]。缬氨酸属于支链氨基酸, 是参与蛋白合成与代谢的重要成分之一, 能够调节下丘脑中的食欲因子神经肽Y基因的表达起到抑食作用从而参与下丘脑能量代谢[29]。本实验中M组天冬酰胺-苯丙氨酸与硬脂酰甘氨酸含量均下调, 亮氨酸与缬氨酸含量发生上调, 表明M组大鼠下丘脑饮食行为发生改变, 诱导能量代谢紊乱进而发生肥胖, 给药后上述氨基酸趋势均有所回调, 提示SYD对其有干预作用。
本研究中M组大鼠下丘脑γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸含量有所上升, 其作为谷氨酸的产物和谷胱甘肽的底物, 能够与γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶、甘氨酸发生一系列反应, 在清除细胞内的活性氧簇、脂质过氧化物及免疫反应、炎症调节和抗氧化方面发挥重要作用[30]。研究发现, 其产物谷胱甘肽能够降低大鼠下丘脑内丙二醛水平, 提高超氧化物歧化酶水平, 对抗脑内的氧化应激反应[31], 改善线粒体ATP能量代谢, 从而调节“下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质”轴, 降低促肾上腺皮质激素, 干预大鼠血压升高[32]。PHT存在全身性低级氧化应激反应[33], 脑组织能量代谢活跃, 对氧的需求及变化异常敏感[34], 痰湿壅盛证状态脂质大量堆积, 加重脑内氧化应激状态[35]。本实验结果显示, SYD干预后M组大鼠下丘脑区γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸含量有所下调, 表明SYD可通过影响γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸水平, 调节下丘脑氧化应激, 影响能量代谢, 进而调控血压的升降。
MG、γ-亚麻酸乙醇酰胺、α-亚麻酸乙醇酰胺同为脂肪酸, MG能在甘油一酯转酰基酶参与下生成甘油二酯, 抑制下丘脑弓状核合成的神经肽Y的表达, 神经肽Y是最强的中枢食欲刺激肽之一, 能够改变机体代谢环境, 调节能量代谢[36]γ-亚麻酸乙醇酰胺和α-亚麻酸乙醇酰胺又被称为多不饱和脂肪酸酰胺, 是脑内的大麻素类神经递质。前者占脑内脂肪的30%, 能与胆固醇发生酯化, 也可转化为花生四烯酸产生前列腺素, 减轻炎症反应。其在体内还可形成甘油磷酸-N-酰基乙醇胺, 参与能量代谢与免疫抑制, 继而降低血压[36]。后者成员二十碳五烯酸与二十二碳六烯酸具有舒张血管、改善大脑功能、减轻炎症的作用, 对血压的升高具有良性调节作用[37]。肾上腺素乙醇酰胺是二十二碳六烯酸的酰胺, 通过特定的神经酰胺酶参与鞘脂反应途径进而抑制阻断肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α) 和花生四烯酸对细胞内Ca2+浓度的影响, 调节复杂的脂质信号、进食行为, 进而调控机体能量代谢[38]。本实验中通过与C组相比, M组中MG、γ-亚麻酸乙醇酰胺、α-亚麻酸乙醇酰胺和肾上腺素乙醇酰胺含量均减少, SYD干预后其含量有所上升, 再次证明SYD可调节下丘脑饮食变化从而调控能量代谢, 改善痰湿壅盛证肥胖状态, 降低血压。
综上所述, SYD对PHT痰湿壅盛证大鼠改善作用明显, 通过药效作用、差异代谢物及下丘脑代谢通路生物学意义分析, SYD可能主要通过调控下丘脑饮食行为参与氨基酸代谢与能量代谢进而干预PHT痰湿壅盛证大鼠病理状态, 为临床上SYD治疗痰湿壅盛型PHT提供实验基础。
作者贡献: 郭晓庆负责实验操作、数据处理和文章撰写; 蒋海强负责指导代谢组学实验、文章设计及修改; 齐冬梅、齐于辰负责整体设计及文章修改; 李淑敏协助指导实验和数据处理; 于晗、叶建桥协助完成动物实验。
利益冲突: 本文无利益冲突。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81974555)
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2022年第57卷第11期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2022-0732
  • 接收时间:2022-06-16
  • 首发时间:2025-12-24
  • 出版时间:2022-11-12
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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-16
  • 修回日期:2022-08-23
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81974555)
作者信息
    1.山东中医药大学中医药创新研究院, 山东 济南 250355
    2.山东中医药大学中医学院, 山东 济南 250355
    3.山东中医药大学实验中心, 山东 济南 250355
    4.山东省中医药基础研究重点实验室, 山东 济南 250355
    5.山东中医药大学教育部中医药经典理论重点实验室, 山东 济南 250355
    6.山东中医药大学健康学院, 山东 济南 250355

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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