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Article(id=1209792669581185218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1209792664371851916, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1479, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1634140800000, receivedDateStr=2021-10-14, revisedDate=1636387200000, revisedDateStr=2021-11-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766366649288, onlineDateStr=2025-12-22, pubDate=1649692800000, pubDateStr=2022-04-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766366649288, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766366649288, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766366649288, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1209792664371851916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2022', volume='57', issue='4', pageStart='845', pageEnd='1218', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766366648046, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766370722811, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1209809755216941958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1209792664371851916, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1209809755216941959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1209792664371851916, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1193, endPage=1202, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1209792670017392847, articleId=1209792669581185218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Genetic diversity and genetic structure analysis of Bupleurum chinense DC. based on SSR molecular marker, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to explore the genetic diversity and structure of Bupleurum chinense, we used 18 pairs of SSR molecular markers to analyze the genetic diversity of 619 individuals in 62 cultivated and wild populations of Bupleurum chinense from Shanxi and the surrounding provinces. The results show that the 62 Bupleurum chinense populations have high genetic diversity, with that of the wild Bupleurum chinense populations greater than that of cultivated populations. AMOVA analysis indicated that genetic variation within populations was greater than between populations. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) divided the Bupleurum chinense populations into 3 groups, the first group containing wild Bupleurum chinense populations from all parts of Shanxi, the second group consisting of cultivated Bupleurum chinense populations from Shanxi, Hebei, Shaanxi and Liaoning, and the third group consisting of cultivated Bupleurum chinense from Shanxi and Gansu. STRUCTURE software cluster genetic structure analysis grouped the 62 Bupleurum chinense into two populations: the first group composition was the same as the population classified as the third category in the PCoA analysis, while the second group includes the populations from the first and second categories of the PCoA. PCoA, cluster genetic structure analysis, and NJ tree cluster all gather wild Bupleurum chinense population into a single category, distinguishing it from the cultivated populations. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of germplasm resources, genetic variation and the development of quality germplasm resources for Bupleurum chinense.

, correspAuthors=Yong-gang QIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2022 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yun SONG, Xin-rui ZHANG, Zheng LI, Zhe SUN, Ao-xuan LI, Xiao-rong DU, Yong-gang QIAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1209792671888052505, articleId=1209792669581185218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=基于SSR分子标记的柴胡遗传多样性与遗传结构分析, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究柴胡遗传多样性和居群遗传结构, 揭示柴胡的遗传变异情况, 本研究利用18对SSR分子标记, 对来自山西及周边省份的62个柴胡栽培和野生居群共619个植株进行遗传多样性以及居群遗传结构分析。结果显示: 62个柴胡居群均具有较高的遗传多样性, 柴胡野生居群的遗传多样性高于栽培居群, AMOVA分析表明柴胡居群内遗传变异大于居群间的变异。主坐标分析将柴胡居群分为3类, 第一类为来自山西各地的野生柴胡居群, 第二类由来自山西、河北、陕西、辽宁的栽培柴胡居群组成, 第三类由来自山西和甘肃的34个栽培柴胡居群组成。STRUCTURE软件居群遗传结构分析预测62个柴胡居群的最佳分组数为2组, 第一组组成与主坐标分析中分类为第三类的居群相同, 第二组则包括有主坐标分析中划分为第一类和第二类的居群。主坐标分析、居群遗传结构分析以及NJ树聚类均将野生柴胡居群聚为一类, 使其与栽培居群区分开来。本研究为柴胡的种质资源利用、遗传变异研究以及柴胡优质种质资源开发提供理论依据。

, correspAuthors=乔永刚, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*乔永刚, Tel: 13935491202, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《药学学报》编辑部2022, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=jJGyvLiStT2FMhPerPa40g==, magXml=4hMH1gLojMUH2/6nN3NGBg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Q0QQLnDRqsOg7OmiWw0wxQ==, pdfFileSize=3812274, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=ADXUaMk1Oaj5y416E5OSlA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=AsQufuHF8vDKX2Yly7100Q==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=宋芸, 张鑫瑞, 李政, 孙哲, 李澳旋, 杜晓蓉, 乔永刚)}, authors=[Author(id=1209809091992613706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1209809093267682134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, authorId=1209809091992613706, language=EN, stringName=Yun SONG, firstName=Yun, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. 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College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
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China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2018, 43: 2935-2943., articleTitle=Genetic diversity of 6 species in Polygonatum by SSR marker, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1209809105208865095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, doi=10.1007/s11033-020-06059-1, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=null, pageStart=381, pageEnd=393, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=Mol Biol Rep, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sharma P, Mehta G, Sharma S, et al. Development and validation of heat-responsive candidate gene and miRNA gene based SSR markers to analysis genetic diversity in wheat for heat tolerance breeding[J]. Mol Biol Rep, 2021, 48: 381-393., articleTitle=Development and validation of heat-responsive candidate gene and miRNA gene based SSR markers to analysis genetic diversity in wheat for heat tolerance breeding, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1209809105309528393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, doi=10.1007/s11033-020-06051-9, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=null, pageStart=335, pageEnd=346, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=Mol Biol Rep, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Essid A, Aljane F, Neily MH, et al. Assessment of genetic diversity of thirty Tunisian fig (Ficus carica L.) accessions using pomological traits and SSR markers[J]. Mol Biol Rep, 2021, 48: 335-346., articleTitle=Assessment of genetic diversity of thirty Tunisian fig (Ficus carica L.) accessions using pomological traits and SSR markers, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1209809100800651502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, awardId=2019YFC1710801, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1710801), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1209809100930674929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1209809091740955443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1209809091749344052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, companyId=1209809091740955443, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, Taigu 030801, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1209809091875173184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, companyId=1209809091862590270, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中兽医药现代化山西省重点实验室, 山西 太谷 030801)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1209809098170822769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=JCQbe2fDz+MtT30kHR7kUQ==, figureFileBig=sY2EVO8gZC+5KuDfwJ67mw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809098275680378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption= The SSR-PCR amplification electrophoresis of <i>Bupleurum chinense</i> mixed samples by primer SSR1-SSR9. A: Primer SSR1-SSR5; B: Primer SSR6-SSR9 , figureFileSmall=JCQbe2fDz+MtT30kHR7kUQ==, figureFileBig=sY2EVO8gZC+5KuDfwJ67mw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809098384732288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=fAAmZLWnwmaXM1by6ky7jw==, figureFileBig=xQ1iRonCvrTTAlZUJQC0vQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809098493784197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption= The SSR-PCR amplification electrophoresis of <i>Bupleurum chinense</i> mixed samples by primer SSR10-SSR35. A: Primer SSR10-SSR24; B: Primer SSR25-SSR35 , figureFileSmall=fAAmZLWnwmaXM1by6ky7jw==, figureFileBig=xQ1iRonCvrTTAlZUJQC0vQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809098560893066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=kNCTlv2U/vWLtOTfsIKNag==, figureFileBig=tXsj2TAXpDXpPdPDYNuo7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809098640584847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption= The SSR-PCR amplification electrophoresis of <i>Bupleurum chinense</i> mixed samples from four origins by 19 SSR primers , figureFileSmall=kNCTlv2U/vWLtOTfsIKNag==, figureFileBig=tXsj2TAXpDXpPdPDYNuo7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809098745442451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=LILq0fb5IK4MW17HxBZakQ==, figureFileBig=FdHH4KS3zTvMuuMs+JMbMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809098871271576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Figure 4, caption= Principal coordinate analysis of 62 <i>Bupleurum chinense</i> populations , figureFileSmall=LILq0fb5IK4MW17HxBZakQ==, figureFileBig=FdHH4KS3zTvMuuMs+JMbMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809098950963357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Hj5CQx8T8y7Kh728FU3GKQ==, figureFileBig=8vqDcE6/XsUWic1BCPidAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809099055820965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Figure 5, caption= Genetic structure analysis of 62 <i>Bupleurum chinense</i> populations. A: Estimation of number of populations for <i>K</i> ranging from 2 to 10 by Δ<i>K</i> values; B: <i>K</i> = 2, genetic structure of 62 <i>Bupleurum chinense</i> populations , figureFileSmall=Hj5CQx8T8y7Kh728FU3GKQ==, figureFileBig=8vqDcE6/XsUWic1BCPidAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809099156484264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=zaRlLLlhJcbh0D0Tug5qtg==, figureFileBig=QRZBb6OjEaY+Y4ENMvn9bQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809099273924779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption= NJ clustering results of 62 <i>Bupleurum chinense</i> populations based on Nei's genetic distance , figureFileSmall=zaRlLLlhJcbh0D0Tug5qtg==, figureFileBig=QRZBb6OjEaY+Y4ENMvn9bQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209809099345227952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Population No.Location of populationGeographic coordinateNumber of samplesType
SXDT01Hunyuan, Datong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXDT02Lingqiu, Datong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXDT03Hunyuan, Datong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXDT04Guangling, Datong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXDTGuangling, Datong City, Shanxi Province39°76′62′′ 114°29′08′′10Wild
SXXZNingwu, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXJZ01Heshui, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXJZ02Yushe, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXJZ03Pingyao, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXJZ04Taigu, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXJZ01Lingshi, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province36°87′49′′ 111°94′66′′10Wild
YSXJZ02Pingyao, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province37°02′73′′ 112°22′34′′10Wild
SXLL01Shilou, Lvliang City, Shanxi Province/9Cultivated
SXLL02Lvliang City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXLL03Linxian, Lvliang City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXLLXiaoyi, Lvliang City, Shanxi Province37°22′03′′ 111°46′36′′10Wild
YSXLFXiangning, Linfen City, Shanxi Province35°97′39′′ 110°85′26′′10Wild
SXCZ01Shangdang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ02Wuxiang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ03Wuxiang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ04Qinyuan, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ05Wuxiang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ06Zhangzi, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ07Wuxiang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXCZ01Qinyuan, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province36°6779′′ 112°3237′′10Wild
YSXCZ02Qinxian, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province36°70′21′′ 112°55′21′′10Wild
YSXCZ03Xiangyuan, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province36°66′85′′ 112°95′39′′10Wild
YSXJCLingchuan, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province35°59′82′′ 113°21′27′′10Wild
SXYC01Jishan, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC02Wenxi, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC03Wanrong, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC04Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC05Xinjiang, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC06Jiangxian, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC07Jiangxian, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC08Wanrong, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC09Jishan, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC10Xinjiang, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXYC01Jishan, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province35°61′04′′ 110°98′94′′10Wild
YSXYC02Xinjiang, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province35°52′00′′ 111°22′76′′10Wild
NMGChifeng City, Inner Mongolia Province/10Cultivated
LNLYLingyuan City, Liaoning Province/10Cultivated
HBBD01Anguo, Baoding City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
HBBD02Anguo, Baoding City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
HBCDChengde City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
HBCCChicheng, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
HBHDHandan City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
GSLX01Longxi, Dingxi City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GSLX02Longxi, Dingxi City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GSLN01Longnan City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GSLN02Longnan City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GSDXDingxi City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GS01Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GS02Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GS03Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GS04Gansu Province/10Cultivated
SXBJTaibai, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province/10Cultivated
GZGuizhou Province/10Cultivated
WCD01Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
WCD02Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
WCD03Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
WCD04Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
), ArticleFig(id=1209809099450085555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Material source information of Bupleurum chinense

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Population No.Location of populationGeographic coordinateNumber of samplesType
SXDT01Hunyuan, Datong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXDT02Lingqiu, Datong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXDT03Hunyuan, Datong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXDT04Guangling, Datong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXDTGuangling, Datong City, Shanxi Province39°76′62′′ 114°29′08′′10Wild
SXXZNingwu, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXJZ01Heshui, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXJZ02Yushe, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXJZ03Pingyao, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXJZ04Taigu, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXJZ01Lingshi, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province36°87′49′′ 111°94′66′′10Wild
YSXJZ02Pingyao, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province37°02′73′′ 112°22′34′′10Wild
SXLL01Shilou, Lvliang City, Shanxi Province/9Cultivated
SXLL02Lvliang City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXLL03Linxian, Lvliang City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXLLXiaoyi, Lvliang City, Shanxi Province37°22′03′′ 111°46′36′′10Wild
YSXLFXiangning, Linfen City, Shanxi Province35°97′39′′ 110°85′26′′10Wild
SXCZ01Shangdang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ02Wuxiang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ03Wuxiang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ04Qinyuan, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ05Wuxiang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ06Zhangzi, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXCZ07Wuxiang, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXCZ01Qinyuan, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province36°6779′′ 112°3237′′10Wild
YSXCZ02Qinxian, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province36°70′21′′ 112°55′21′′10Wild
YSXCZ03Xiangyuan, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province36°66′85′′ 112°95′39′′10Wild
YSXJCLingchuan, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province35°59′82′′ 113°21′27′′10Wild
SXYC01Jishan, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC02Wenxi, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC03Wanrong, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC04Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC05Xinjiang, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC06Jiangxian, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC07Jiangxian, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC08Wanrong, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC09Jishan, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
SXYC10Xinjiang, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
YSXYC01Jishan, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province35°61′04′′ 110°98′94′′10Wild
YSXYC02Xinjiang, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province35°52′00′′ 111°22′76′′10Wild
NMGChifeng City, Inner Mongolia Province/10Cultivated
LNLYLingyuan City, Liaoning Province/10Cultivated
HBBD01Anguo, Baoding City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
HBBD02Anguo, Baoding City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
HBCDChengde City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
HBCCChicheng, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
HBHDHandan City, Hebei Province/10Cultivated
GSLX01Longxi, Dingxi City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GSLX02Longxi, Dingxi City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GSLN01Longnan City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GSLN02Longnan City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GSDXDingxi City, Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GS01Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GS02Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GS03Gansu Province/10Cultivated
GS04Gansu Province/10Cultivated
SXBJTaibai, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province/10Cultivated
GZGuizhou Province/10Cultivated
WCD01Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
WCD02Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
WCD03Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
WCD04Changzhi City, Shanxi Province/10Cultivated
), ArticleFig(id=1209809099533971640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer
No.		Primer
name		Primer sequence (5′-3′)Fluorescent labellingPrimer
No.		Primer
name		Primer sequence (5′-3′)Fluorescent labelling
CH1SSR1F: ACGGTGGAACTATCCCATCAHEXCH10SSR13F: TTCTCCGTTCTGGGTTTATGAFAM
R: ATTTCTCATTGCCTTGGTGCR: GAGTTTCCGCTCAAAGATGC
CH2SSR2F: ATTAATTTGCTAAGGAGAGTTGAAATAMRACH11SSR16F: GGGAGAAAGGTGAGGAAGAAGHEX
R: CTTGACGGCATGATCAGCTAR: TAGGAAGGGATATGTGACTGTTG
CH3SSR3F: TGTTCATGCCACCATCTTTGFAMCH12SSR18F: GCGAAGACTGAGTGGCTTGATGFAM
R: CCAGAAAGTCAAAAGCCAACAR: AGAAACCATAACCATGCCTGCTA
CH4SSR4F: TTTCCATTGATCCCATTGTGTAMRACH13SSR19F: CAATGGCTGTTTCATCTGTTCTGHEX
R: ATCAAACAGCAATTGCCAAAR: GCAACTCCCAATCCCCAAATGA
CH5SSR5F: CTCAGCGAAATGCAGAGTCAROXCH14SSR20F: TGGTGGACGAAAGATGGGTGFAM
R: GCGAAAAGCTACTCATACCTTCAR: TGTGGTGAATGTCCAGAGCC
CH6SSR6F: GAAGAACAGCATCATTTGGGAGATAMRACH15SSR22F: CCCCAGAACAAGGGAAAGCAGCROX
R: GGGGTGTCTGAACATTAAAACAGR: CAGCACCAACAATGTCATATCTCC
CH7SSR7F: AGAAGAACAGGCACAAACTCAGTAMRACH16SSR25F: TTCTACATTTTGGGCGTTTTACROX
R: TTTCCACTCCGATTGGTCGTR: ACCTGCTTGAGATGATTTTGA
CH8SSR8F: GTCTTCACGCTTGGTTCATCHEXCH17SSR26F: TTGGGCATGACAATCACAGAATAMRA
R: TTCTATGACCAGCAATACAACAR: GAAAGTTATTAGGGTTTGAAGGGT
CH9SSR9F: CACTAATCCTCACTCTTCTGCTTHEXCH18SSR27F: CATAAAACAAAAGGCAAATCGHEX
R: AAGACTGGCTTTGTCCAACAR: GTCGGTAATGAATCCAAATGAG
), ArticleFig(id=1209809099659800766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=

SSR primer information. HEX: Hexachloro fluorescein; TAMRA: Carboxy tetramethylrhodamine; FAM: Carboxy fluorescein; ROX: Carboxy-6-rhodamine

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer
No.		Primer
name		Primer sequence (5′-3′)Fluorescent labellingPrimer
No.		Primer
name		Primer sequence (5′-3′)Fluorescent labelling
CH1SSR1F: ACGGTGGAACTATCCCATCAHEXCH10SSR13F: TTCTCCGTTCTGGGTTTATGAFAM
R: ATTTCTCATTGCCTTGGTGCR: GAGTTTCCGCTCAAAGATGC
CH2SSR2F: ATTAATTTGCTAAGGAGAGTTGAAATAMRACH11SSR16F: GGGAGAAAGGTGAGGAAGAAGHEX
R: CTTGACGGCATGATCAGCTAR: TAGGAAGGGATATGTGACTGTTG
CH3SSR3F: TGTTCATGCCACCATCTTTGFAMCH12SSR18F: GCGAAGACTGAGTGGCTTGATGFAM
R: CCAGAAAGTCAAAAGCCAACAR: AGAAACCATAACCATGCCTGCTA
CH4SSR4F: TTTCCATTGATCCCATTGTGTAMRACH13SSR19F: CAATGGCTGTTTCATCTGTTCTGHEX
R: ATCAAACAGCAATTGCCAAAR: GCAACTCCCAATCCCCAAATGA
CH5SSR5F: CTCAGCGAAATGCAGAGTCAROXCH14SSR20F: TGGTGGACGAAAGATGGGTGFAM
R: GCGAAAAGCTACTCATACCTTCAR: TGTGGTGAATGTCCAGAGCC
CH6SSR6F: GAAGAACAGCATCATTTGGGAGATAMRACH15SSR22F: CCCCAGAACAAGGGAAAGCAGCROX
R: GGGGTGTCTGAACATTAAAACAGR: CAGCACCAACAATGTCATATCTCC
CH7SSR7F: AGAAGAACAGGCACAAACTCAGTAMRACH16SSR25F: TTCTACATTTTGGGCGTTTTACROX
R: TTTCCACTCCGATTGGTCGTR: ACCTGCTTGAGATGATTTTGA
CH8SSR8F: GTCTTCACGCTTGGTTCATCHEXCH17SSR26F: TTGGGCATGACAATCACAGAATAMRA
R: TTCTATGACCAGCAATACAACAR: GAAAGTTATTAGGGTTTGAAGGGT
CH9SSR9F: CACTAATCCTCACTCTTCTGCTTHEXCH18SSR27F: CATAAAACAAAAGGCAAATCGHEX
R: AAGACTGGCTTTGTCCAACAR: GTCGGTAATGAATCCAAATGAG
), ArticleFig(id=1209809099760464065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
LocusNaNeIHoHeuHeHPIC
CH17.6456.9671.9630.0320.8470.9020.9570.956
CH25.7744.4171.5580.2180.7450.7850.9370.933
CH36.1944.1791.5170.3670.7080.7470.8820.874
CH45.0483.7221.3890.2280.7010.7390.8450.828
CH56.0814.1191.5390.4660.7370.7750.8860.876
CH66.2104.9061.6500.0690.7710.8120.9160.910
CH74.0162.5551.0360.3390.5490.5790.7810.758
CH87.7426.8561.9670.0180.8460.8920.9650.964
CH98.2906.2741.9320.3130.8250.8690.9420.939
CH106.0654.4641.5830.3320.7480.7890.8820.872
CH114.7422.8921.1350.5880.5670.5970.7470.720
CH126.0324.1791.5270.6110.7320.7700.8320.816
CH134.3552.5741.0020.2390.4970.5250.7000.687
CH142.5811.3510.4080.2070.2060.2170.2300.228
CH152.5321.8220.5750.3270.3220.3390.5030.476
CH165.7743.7781.4320.7270.7010.7380.8300.812
CH176.3064.5131.5770.7520.7490.7890.8330.814
CH184.7582.9861.2110.4220.6220.6550.8040.781
Mean5.5644.0311.3890.3470.6600.6950.8040.791
), ArticleFig(id=1209809099865321669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=

Genetic diversity of 18 SSR locus in Bupleurum chinense. Na: Number of aelle; Ne: Number of effect aelle; I: Shannon's information index; Ho: Observed heterozygosity; He: Expected heterozygosity; uHe: Unbiased expected heterozygosity; H: Gene diversity; PIC: Polymorphic information content

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
LocusNaNeIHoHeuHeHPIC
CH17.6456.9671.9630.0320.8470.9020.9570.956
CH25.7744.4171.5580.2180.7450.7850.9370.933
CH36.1944.1791.5170.3670.7080.7470.8820.874
CH45.0483.7221.3890.2280.7010.7390.8450.828
CH56.0814.1191.5390.4660.7370.7750.8860.876
CH66.2104.9061.6500.0690.7710.8120.9160.910
CH74.0162.5551.0360.3390.5490.5790.7810.758
CH87.7426.8561.9670.0180.8460.8920.9650.964
CH98.2906.2741.9320.3130.8250.8690.9420.939
CH106.0654.4641.5830.3320.7480.7890.8820.872
CH114.7422.8921.1350.5880.5670.5970.7470.720
CH126.0324.1791.5270.6110.7320.7700.8320.816
CH134.3552.5741.0020.2390.4970.5250.7000.687
CH142.5811.3510.4080.2070.2060.2170.2300.228
CH152.5321.8220.5750.3270.3220.3390.5030.476
CH165.7743.7781.4320.7270.7010.7380.8300.812
CH176.3064.5131.5770.7520.7490.7890.8330.814
CH184.7582.9861.2110.4220.6220.6550.8040.781
Mean5.5644.0311.3890.3470.6600.6950.8040.791
), ArticleFig(id=1209809099961790668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Population No.NaNeIHoHeFPopulation No.NaNeIHoHeF
SXDT014.5003.2551.1740.2190.5870.589SXYC045.2783.7871.3220.2320.6330.554
SXDT026.7784.9251.6420.5430.7430.229SXYC055.1673.7991.2830.2300.6150.656
SXDT036.7224.9511.6820.5460.7720.283SXYC065.7224.2111.4660.4890.7010.278
SXDT044.7783.3331.1680.2780.5710.457SXYC076.1114.4101.5000.5560.7070.162
YSXDT6.0564.2391.4980.5220.6990.228SXYC086.1674.5071.4940.6320.6860.034
SXXZ4.3893.0011.1300.1640.5690.627SXYC096.3894.3421.5500.4610.7150.320
SXJZ015.5004.0091.3490.4250.6460.276SXYC106.6674.9361.6000.4590.7260.327
SXJZ024.5563.4931.1720.2400.5760.513YSXYC015.8894.2811.4700.4520.6860.283
SXJZ036.5564.9031.6090.4630.7370.334YSXYC025.5563.9261.4160.4340.6810.322
SXJZ045.5003.9101.3760.3190.6530.464NMG5.1673.6011.2890.2500.6280.520
YSXJZ016.3334.3791.5460.4630.7140.314LNLY5.8334.2591.4950.2410.7070.615
YSXJZ026.8334.9591.6850.4960.7690.334HBBD014.7783.4441.1930.2310.5790.505
SXLL014.7223.4141.2500.2170.6290.659HBBD026.8334.7351.6430.5020.7500.311
SXLL024.6673.3421.1830.2660.5840.482HBCD6.1674.3051.5050.4440.7030.349
SXLL034.7783.6061.1600.1970.5520.585HBCC5.3893.6361.3380.3630.6470.418
YSXLL6.3334.5311.5470.6170.7230.127HBHD6.5564.7181.5980.4350.7310.380
YSXLF5.4444.1161.4180.4850.6800.282GSLX015.2783.7391.3280.2620.6350.573
SXCZ016.1674.6911.5340.2510.7050.603GSLX024.6673.4351.2260.3280.6110.430
SXCZ025.0003.8251.2850.2560.6210.530GSLN015.1113.7101.3160.2170.6450.577
SXCZ035.1113.8561.2770.2440.6130.518GSLN025.7224.1491.4340.4280.6740.309
SXCZ044.5003.5011.1900.2220.5910.529GSDX4.5563.2651.1730.2610.5870.444
SXCZ055.0003.7021.2570.2500.6070.539GS015.3893.9341.3550.2670.6490.545
SXCZ064.8893.6201.2210.1980.5890.625GS025.1113.7751.2500.2440.5970.496
SXCZ075.4444.0501.3270.2040.6190.611GS035.6673.9251.4500.1650.6940.759
YSXCZ016.4444.6881.6040.5610.7410.216GS044.9443.6051.2350.3390.6010.336
YSXCZ025.3894.0211.3840.4780.6770.259SXBJ6.0004.5111.5190.3620.7130.458
YSXCZ036.6674.6731.5530.4180.7030.359GZ5.1673.5271.2330.3240.5900.360
YSXJC6.4444.8171.6480.4350.7660.423WCD014.5563.4791.2160.2440.6080.540
SXYC015.0563.6931.2530.2570.5970.486WCD025.8333.9771.4240.2570.6730.579
SXYC025.8334.3091.4540.4170.6870.337WCD035.2783.7511.3290.2130.6340.653
SXYC035.5563.7511.3460.3560.6470.374WCD046.0564.6711.5500.2180.7220.708
Average5.5644.0311.3890.3470.6600.433
), ArticleFig(id=1209809100087619792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=

Genetic diversity analysis of Bupleurum chinense population. F: Fixation index

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Population No.NaNeIHoHeFPopulation No.NaNeIHoHeF
SXDT014.5003.2551.1740.2190.5870.589SXYC045.2783.7871.3220.2320.6330.554
SXDT026.7784.9251.6420.5430.7430.229SXYC055.1673.7991.2830.2300.6150.656
SXDT036.7224.9511.6820.5460.7720.283SXYC065.7224.2111.4660.4890.7010.278
SXDT044.7783.3331.1680.2780.5710.457SXYC076.1114.4101.5000.5560.7070.162
YSXDT6.0564.2391.4980.5220.6990.228SXYC086.1674.5071.4940.6320.6860.034
SXXZ4.3893.0011.1300.1640.5690.627SXYC096.3894.3421.5500.4610.7150.320
SXJZ015.5004.0091.3490.4250.6460.276SXYC106.6674.9361.6000.4590.7260.327
SXJZ024.5563.4931.1720.2400.5760.513YSXYC015.8894.2811.4700.4520.6860.283
SXJZ036.5564.9031.6090.4630.7370.334YSXYC025.5563.9261.4160.4340.6810.322
SXJZ045.5003.9101.3760.3190.6530.464NMG5.1673.6011.2890.2500.6280.520
YSXJZ016.3334.3791.5460.4630.7140.314LNLY5.8334.2591.4950.2410.7070.615
YSXJZ026.8334.9591.6850.4960.7690.334HBBD014.7783.4441.1930.2310.5790.505
SXLL014.7223.4141.2500.2170.6290.659HBBD026.8334.7351.6430.5020.7500.311
SXLL024.6673.3421.1830.2660.5840.482HBCD6.1674.3051.5050.4440.7030.349
SXLL034.7783.6061.1600.1970.5520.585HBCC5.3893.6361.3380.3630.6470.418
YSXLL6.3334.5311.5470.6170.7230.127HBHD6.5564.7181.5980.4350.7310.380
YSXLF5.4444.1161.4180.4850.6800.282GSLX015.2783.7391.3280.2620.6350.573
SXCZ016.1674.6911.5340.2510.7050.603GSLX024.6673.4351.2260.3280.6110.430
SXCZ025.0003.8251.2850.2560.6210.530GSLN015.1113.7101.3160.2170.6450.577
SXCZ035.1113.8561.2770.2440.6130.518GSLN025.7224.1491.4340.4280.6740.309
SXCZ044.5003.5011.1900.2220.5910.529GSDX4.5563.2651.1730.2610.5870.444
SXCZ055.0003.7021.2570.2500.6070.539GS015.3893.9341.3550.2670.6490.545
SXCZ064.8893.6201.2210.1980.5890.625GS025.1113.7751.2500.2440.5970.496
SXCZ075.4444.0501.3270.2040.6190.611GS035.6673.9251.4500.1650.6940.759
YSXCZ016.4444.6881.6040.5610.7410.216GS044.9443.6051.2350.3390.6010.336
YSXCZ025.3894.0211.3840.4780.6770.259SXBJ6.0004.5111.5190.3620.7130.458
YSXCZ036.6674.6731.5530.4180.7030.359GZ5.1673.5271.2330.3240.5900.360
YSXJC6.4444.8171.6480.4350.7660.423WCD014.5563.4791.2160.2440.6080.540
SXYC015.0563.6931.2530.2570.5970.486WCD025.8333.9771.4240.2570.6730.579
SXYC025.8334.3091.4540.4170.6870.337WCD035.2783.7511.3290.2130.6340.653
SXYC035.5563.7511.3460.3560.6470.374WCD046.0564.6711.5500.2180.7220.708
Average5.5644.0311.3890.3470.6600.433
), ArticleFig(id=1209809100200866007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
LocusFisFitFstNmLocusFisFitFstNm
CH10.9620.9670.1251.757CH100.5560.6220.1471.445
CH20.7070.7670.2030.979CH11-0.0380.2120.2410.789
CH30.4820.5810.1911.062CH120.1650.2650.1201.827
CH40.6740.7290.1661.252CH130.5190.6530.2790.646
CH50.3670.4730.1681.242CH14-0.0060.1040.1092.038
CH60.9110.9250.1571.347CH15-0.0160.3480.3580.447
CH70.3830.5620.2900.612CH16-0.0370.1250.1561.355
CH80.9790.9810.1221.796CH17-0.0040.0950.0992.263
CH90.6210.6680.1241.773CH180.3220.4760.2270.852
Mean0.4190.5310.1821.305
), ArticleFig(id=1209809100343472348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Table 5, caption=

Genetic differentiation analysis of Bupleurum chinense population. Fis: Within-population inbreeding coefficient; Fit: Total population inbreeding coefficient; Fst: Inter-group genetic differentiation coefficient; Nm: Gene flow

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
LocusFisFitFstNmLocusFisFitFstNm
CH10.9620.9670.1251.757CH100.5560.6220.1471.445
CH20.7070.7670.2030.979CH11-0.0380.2120.2410.789
CH30.4820.5810.1911.062CH120.1650.2650.1201.827
CH40.6740.7290.1661.252CH130.5190.6530.2790.646
CH50.3670.4730.1681.242CH14-0.0060.1040.1092.038
CH60.9110.9250.1571.347CH15-0.0160.3480.3580.447
CH70.3830.5620.2900.612CH16-0.0370.1250.1561.355
CH80.9790.9810.1221.796CH17-0.0040.0950.0992.263
CH90.6210.6680.1241.773CH180.3220.4760.2270.852
Mean0.4190.5310.1821.305
), ArticleFig(id=1209809100439941345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
dfSSMSEst. Var.% of total variation
Among populations611 564.36925.6450.96913
Within populations1 1767 394.7066.2886.28887
Total1 2378 959.074-7.257100
), ArticleFig(id=1209809100569964775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1209792669581185218, language=CN, label=Table 6, caption=

Analysis of molecular variance among/within populations of Bupleurum chinense. df: Degree of freedom; SS: Sum of squares; MS: Mean square; Est.Var.: Estimate variance; % of total variation: Percentage of total variants

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dfSSMSEst. Var.% of total variation
Among populations611 564.36925.6450.96913
Within populations1 1767 394.7066.2886.28887
Total1 2378 959.074-7.257100
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基于SSR分子标记的柴胡遗传多样性与遗传结构分析
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宋芸 1 , 张鑫瑞 1 , 李政 1 , 孙哲 1 , 李澳旋 1 , 杜晓蓉 1 , 乔永刚 1, 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2022,57(4): 1193-1202
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2022, 57(4): 1193-1202
基于SSR分子标记的柴胡遗传多样性与遗传结构分析
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宋芸1, 张鑫瑞1, 李政1, 孙哲1, 李澳旋1, 杜晓蓉1, 乔永刚1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.山西农业大学生命科学学院, 山西 太谷 030801
  • 2.中兽医药现代化山西省重点实验室, 山西 太谷 030801

通讯作者:

*乔永刚, Tel: 13935491202, E-mail:
Genetic diversity and genetic structure analysis of Bupleurum chinense DC. based on SSR molecular marker
Yun SONG1, Xin-rui ZHANG1, Zheng LI1, Zhe SUN1, Ao-xuan LI1, Xiao-rong DU1, Yong-gang QIAO1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
  • 2. Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, Taigu 030801, China
出版时间: 2022-04-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1479
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摘要
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为探究柴胡遗传多样性和居群遗传结构, 揭示柴胡的遗传变异情况, 本研究利用18对SSR分子标记, 对来自山西及周边省份的62个柴胡栽培和野生居群共619个植株进行遗传多样性以及居群遗传结构分析。结果显示: 62个柴胡居群均具有较高的遗传多样性, 柴胡野生居群的遗传多样性高于栽培居群, AMOVA分析表明柴胡居群内遗传变异大于居群间的变异。主坐标分析将柴胡居群分为3类, 第一类为来自山西各地的野生柴胡居群, 第二类由来自山西、河北、陕西、辽宁的栽培柴胡居群组成, 第三类由来自山西和甘肃的34个栽培柴胡居群组成。STRUCTURE软件居群遗传结构分析预测62个柴胡居群的最佳分组数为2组, 第一组组成与主坐标分析中分类为第三类的居群相同, 第二组则包括有主坐标分析中划分为第一类和第二类的居群。主坐标分析、居群遗传结构分析以及NJ树聚类均将野生柴胡居群聚为一类, 使其与栽培居群区分开来。本研究为柴胡的种质资源利用、遗传变异研究以及柴胡优质种质资源开发提供理论依据。

柴胡  /  SSR  /  遗传多样性  /  遗传结构

In order to explore the genetic diversity and structure of Bupleurum chinense, we used 18 pairs of SSR molecular markers to analyze the genetic diversity of 619 individuals in 62 cultivated and wild populations of Bupleurum chinense from Shanxi and the surrounding provinces. The results show that the 62 Bupleurum chinense populations have high genetic diversity, with that of the wild Bupleurum chinense populations greater than that of cultivated populations. AMOVA analysis indicated that genetic variation within populations was greater than between populations. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) divided the Bupleurum chinense populations into 3 groups, the first group containing wild Bupleurum chinense populations from all parts of Shanxi, the second group consisting of cultivated Bupleurum chinense populations from Shanxi, Hebei, Shaanxi and Liaoning, and the third group consisting of cultivated Bupleurum chinense from Shanxi and Gansu. STRUCTURE software cluster genetic structure analysis grouped the 62 Bupleurum chinense into two populations: the first group composition was the same as the population classified as the third category in the PCoA analysis, while the second group includes the populations from the first and second categories of the PCoA. PCoA, cluster genetic structure analysis, and NJ tree cluster all gather wild Bupleurum chinense population into a single category, distinguishing it from the cultivated populations. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of germplasm resources, genetic variation and the development of quality germplasm resources for Bupleurum chinense.

Bupleurum chinense  /  SSR  /  genetic diversity  /  genetic structure
宋芸, 张鑫瑞, 李政, 孙哲, 李澳旋, 杜晓蓉, 乔永刚. 基于SSR分子标记的柴胡遗传多样性与遗传结构分析. 药学学报, 2022 , 57 (4) : 1193 -1202 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1479
Yun SONG, Xin-rui ZHANG, Zheng LI, Zhe SUN, Ao-xuan LI, Xiao-rong DU, Yong-gang QIAO. Genetic diversity and genetic structure analysis of Bupleurum chinense DC. based on SSR molecular marker[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2022 , 57 (4) : 1193 -1202 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1479
正文
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柴胡(Bupleurum chinense DC.) 为伞形科(Umbelliferae) 柴胡属(Bupleurum L.) 植物, 有2 000多年的药用历史, 《中国药典》记载, 中药材柴胡为柴胡和狭叶柴胡的干燥根[1], 具有多种药理作用[2]。近年来随着柴胡药用价值的不断发现, 市场对于柴胡的需求量也逐渐增加。但其野生资源由于过度采挖以及生境破坏等原因数量锐减[3], 中药材柴胡的供应主要依赖人工栽培, 柴胡栽培种质混杂情况严重, 造成药材混淆以及用药安全等问题, 亟需开展柴胡种质资源收集整理与鉴定, 为柴胡优良种质创新提供支撑。另外, 对柴胡种质进行遗传多样性研究, 有助于探究柴胡的起源与进化关系, 为种质鉴定、分类提供理论依据, 同时为良种选育、资源保护等提供有效参考[4]。
种质资源遗传多样性可通过表型性状或者分子标记等多种方法进行研究, 表型性状具有不稳定性, 易受外界环境影响, 从而导致评价结果缺乏稳定性[5]。分子标记技术可以在DNA水平上揭示植物的遗传变异, 受外界环境影响小, 是一种稳定可靠的遗传分析方法[6]。随着研究技术的发展, 多种分子标记技术已经普遍运用于植物的遗传多样性分析[7-10]。简单重复序列(simple sequence repeats, SSR) 分子标记技术为共显性标记, 具有重复性好、多态性高、稳定性强等优点, 是常用的遗传标记方法[11], 广泛用于图谱构建、种质资源评价与鉴定、遗传多样性分析、辅助育种等领域[12]。SSR分子标记技术已经成功运用于甘草[13]、党参[14]、黄芪[15]、萱草[16]等多种药用植物的研究中。
因此, 本实验收集了来自于山西、甘肃、河北、陕西、内蒙古等柴胡主产区的62个柴胡栽培和野生居群共619份样本, 利用SSR分子标记对柴胡进行遗传多样性及居群遗传结构分析, 研究不同居群柴胡的遗传多样性水平、遗传分化、变异程度以及居群结构组成, 以期为柴胡种质资源研究及核心种质构建、优良品种选育等提供一定的理论基础。
材料与方法
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材料  本研究使用62个柴胡居群的619份材料, 其中栽培种质来自于山西、陕西、甘肃、河北以及内蒙古的51个产地, 野生种质采集于山西运城、长治、晋中等地。每个产地均随机选取10株柴胡植株, 用无水乙醇擦拭干净新鲜叶片表面, 晾干后采集叶片放入自封袋中, 带回实验室进行柴胡DNA提取。材料采集详细信息见表 1。材料由乔永刚副教授根据形态鉴定为柴胡属柴胡, 本实验室利用ITS2序列鉴定为柴胡属柴胡。
基因组总DNA提取  采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(hexadecyltrime-thylammonium bromide, CTAB) 法[17]对收集来的柴胡叶片进行基因组总DNA的提取。用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测所提取DNA的完整性, 用核酸蛋白检测仪检测DNA的质量和浓度。将DNA浓度统一稀释至50 ng·μL-1, 保存于-20 ℃备用。
PCR扩增及产物检测  依据SSR通用性的特征, 搜集文献[18-20]中所报道的柴胡引物信息, 选用35对SSR引物利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳和毛细管电泳进行引物多态性筛选, 最终确定18对多态性较好、重复性较高的SSR引物用于实验。筛选出的引物详细信息如表 2所示。在每对引物的前引5′端标记荧光染料, 进行荧光PCR扩增, 将扩增后的荧光产物利用ABI 3730型遗传分析仪进行检测, 使用Genemapper 4.0[21]软件分析扩增片段峰型, 结合分子质量内标进行DNA片段长度计算。普通引物由上海生工生物有限公司合成, 荧光标记引物由北京擎科生物科技有限公司合成。
SSR数据统计及分析  利用GenAlEx 6.503[22]对18对SSR引物和619份柴胡种质资源的遗传多样性和遗传分化进行分析, 获得遗传多样性指数: 等位基因数(number of aelle, Na)、有效等位基因数(number of effect aelle, Ne)、Shannon's信息指数(Shannon's information index, I)、期望杂合度(expected heterozygosity, He)、观测杂合度(observed heterozygosity, Ho)、无偏期望杂合度(unbiased expected heterozygosity, uHe) 和遗传多样性指数(gene diversity, H); 利用GenAlEx 6.503进行居群间及居群内分子变异方差检验(AMOVA), 分析居群内和居群间的遗传变异分布, 并进行主坐标分析(PCoA) 来进一步评估和聚类。利用Power Marker[23]软件分析SSR位点的多态性信息含量(polymorphic information content, PIC), 计算柴胡各居群间的Nei's遗传距离, 并基于Nei's遗传距离在MEGA X[24]构建Neighbor-Joining聚类树[25]。利用STRUCTURE V2.3.4[26]软件分析居群遗传结构, 推测最佳群体数目, 其中将群体数目(K) 设为1~10, 每个K值进行模拟运算10次, MCMC值分别设为10 000、100 000次, 将分析结果转入在线网站Structure Harvester (http://taylor0.biology.ucla.edu/structureHarvester/) 进行预测确定最佳居群数[27]。
结果与讨论
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1 SSR引物筛选结果
根据文献[18-20]中所报道的柴胡引物信息, 选用35对SSR引物利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳和毛细管电泳进行引物多态性筛选。使用产地SXYC06、SXLL03、SXYC08、SXJZ04的10个样品混样对引物SSR1~SSR9进行PCR扩增以及琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测, 电泳结果如图 1A、B所示。引物SSR1~SSR9扩增产物稳定性和多态性良好, 可用于后续实验。
其次用产地SXYC07的10个样品混样对引物SSR10~SSR35进行PCR扩增以及琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测, 结果如图 2A、B所示。26对引物中共有7对引物没有产生扩增产物或者扩增效果较差, 剩余19对引物进行后续毛细管电泳筛选。将上步筛选出的19对SSR引物对产地SXYC06、SXLL03、SXYC08、SXJZ04的10个柴胡样品混样进行PCR扩增以及利用岛津DNA/RNA分析专用微芯片电泳仪MCE-202 MultiNA进行毛细管电泳分析, 电泳结果在MultiNA Viewer软件中进行可视化处理, 结果如图 3。引物SSR13、SSR16、SSR18、SSR19、SSR20、SSR22、SSR25、SSR26、SSR27电泳结果条带明亮, 扩增产物稳定性及多态性较好, 可用于后续实验。
最终从35对SSR引物中筛选出SSR1~SSR9、SSR13、SSR16、SSR18、SSR19、SSR20、SSR22、SSR25、SSR26、SSR27共18对引物进行实验。将18对SSR引物重新进行命名以便后续数据分析。
2 SSR扩增产物的多态性
本实验利用所筛选出的18对引物对619个柴胡个体进行SSR产物扩增, 结果表明, 扩增产物长度在89~385 bp之间, 18对SSR引物扩增出的等位基因数范围是8~54, 共扩增出558个等位基因, 平均每个引物扩增出的等位基因数为31, 引物CH1扩增出的等位基因数最多, 共扩增出54个等位基因, 而引物CH15扩增出的等位基因数最少, 为8个等位基因。
对18对柴胡SSR引物进行遗传多样性分析, 结果如表 3所示, 18对引物中多态性最高的为CH8, 多态性最低的为CH14, 所有引物的多态性信息含量范围为0.228 (CH14)~0.964 (CH8), 平均值为0.791。所有引物的等位基因数的范围为2.532 (CH15)~8.290 (CH9), 平均为5.564; 有效等位基因数的范围为1.351 (CH14)~6.967 (CH1), 平均为4.031; Shannon's信息指数范围为0.408 (CH14)~1.967 (CH8), 平均为1.389; 遗传多样性指数的范围为0.230 (CH14)~0.965 (CH8), 平均为0.804。综合多个指数发现, 18对SSR引物中引物CH14和CH15的多态性较低, 其他引物均含有较高的多态性信息含量。
3 不同居群柴胡遗传多样性分析
对不同居群的柴胡材料进行遗传多样性分析, 结果如表 4所示, 不同居群的柴胡等位基因数的范围为4.389~6.833, 平均为5.564; 有效等位基因数范围为3.001~4.959, 平均为4.031; 等位基因数和有效等位基因数的变化表明柴胡居群间存在有等位基因差异, 但遗传差异不大。Shannon's信息指数值最高为1.685, 最低为1.130, 平均为1.389; 观察各居群间的期望杂合度、观测杂合度以及Shannon's信息指数值可知, 不同的柴胡居群的遗传多样性水平较高。且各居群之间的观测杂合度均小于期望杂合度, 且固定指数F均大于0。
4 居群遗传分化分析
对柴胡的62个居群进行遗传分化分析, 结果如表 5所示, 居群内近交系数(Fis) 的范围为-0.038~0.979, 柴胡在引物CH11的居群内近交系数最小, 说明其在引物CH11表现的杂合不足最明显, 而在引物CH8的居群内近交系数最大, 说明其在引物CH8表现的杂合过量最明显, 居群内近交系数的平均值为0.419, 表明柴胡各居群总体表现为杂合子不足。总居群近交系数(Fit) 的范围为0.095 (CH17)~0.981 (CH8), 柴胡各居群的总居群近交系数为0.531, 也同样说明总居群表现为杂合子不足。居群间遗传分化系数(Fst) 的范围为0.099 (CH17)~0.358 (CH15), 柴胡总居群的居群间分化系数为0.182, 表明柴胡遗传分化有81.8%来自居群内, 18.2%来自居群间。基因流(Nm) 的范围为0.447 (CH15)~2.263 (CH17), 柴胡居群总的基因流为1.305 (Nm > 1), 表明柴胡居群间的基因流处于较高的水平。
5 居群分子方差分析(AMOVA)
利用GenAlEx 6.503软件对柴胡62个居群进行分子方差分析(AMOVA), 结果如表 6所示, 62个柴胡居群间的遗传变异率为13%, 居群内的遗传变异率为87%, 居群内的遗传变异率大于居群间的遗传变异率, 说明柴胡的遗传变异主要发生在居群内, 这与遗传分化的分析结果是一致的。
6 居群主坐标分析(PCoA)
为了进一步研究柴胡不同居群在遗传方面的相似性和进化情况, 将结果进行可视化, 使其清晰明了, 利用GenAlEx 6.503软件依据Nei's遗传距离对柴胡62个居群进行主坐标分析(PCoA)。结果显示对总变异率贡献较多的3个主坐标特征值共为68.37%, 其中第一主坐标占总变异率的50.05%, 第二主坐标占总变异率的11.61%, 第三主坐标解释了总变异率的6.71%。根据结果绘制二维坐标图, 如图 4所示, 柴胡62个居群被分为3大类, 第一类为图中标记为红色的柴胡居群, 主要由来自山西各地的野生柴胡居群组成; 第二类由标记为绿色的16个柴胡居群组成, 主要来自山西运城、河北、陕西、辽宁等地; 剩下的34个标记为蓝色的柴胡居群组成第三类, 主要来自山西长治、山西大同、甘肃等地。
7 居群遗传结构分析
使用STRUCTURE V2.3.4软件对柴胡62个居群的遗传结构进行分析, 将分组数K值的范围设为1~10, 对每个K值进行10次重复模拟运算, 并且绘制K值与ΔK的关系图。STRUCTURE软件是基于贝叶斯模型进行群体结构的分析, 当ΔK值达到最大时的K值即为模拟最佳的群体数。如图 5A所示, 当ΔK最大时(ΔK = 533.066), K = 2, 表明可以将62个柴胡居群分为2组, 分组结果如图 5B所示, 第一组主要包括来自山西长治、山西大同、甘肃、内蒙古等地的34个栽培居群, 其组成与主坐标分析中分为第三类的居群相同。第二组则主要由来自山西运城、河北、陕西、辽宁的栽培柴胡居群以及收集于山西各地的野生柴胡居群组成, 第二组包括主坐标分析中的第一类和第二类居群。由上说明, STRUCTURE软件的群体预测结果与主坐标分析的结果一致。
8 居群聚类分析
使用MEGA X软件基于不同居群间的Nei's遗传距离对柴胡62个居群构建NJ树, 结果如图 6所示, 62个柴胡居群被分为3类, 第一类由来自山西各地的野生柴胡居群以及来自河北的4个栽培居群组成, 第二类由来自山西晋中、运城、大同和甘肃陇西的6个栽培居群组成, 剩下的42个柴胡栽培居群聚为第三类。
讨论
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遗传多样性是评价生物多样性的一个重要部分, 也是造成生物多样性的基础原因。广义的遗传多样性是指所有生物中所包含遗传信息的总和, 而狭义的遗传多样性是指物种之间存在的遗传变异, 即种内的不同居群之间或者居群内不同的个体之间的遗传变异[28]。丰富的遗传多样性是物种适应环境变化的物质基础, 物种为了适应环境的变化而发生进化, 遗传变异就产生在进化的过程中, 变异的丰度越大, 物种的遗传多样性越高, 则说明物种适应环境的能力越强[29]。遗传多样性可以通过形态学特征、生化特征、分子标记等方法进行研究, 而随着分子标记技术的发展, 其在种群遗传多样性研究、物种鉴定以及物种起源等方面得到了广泛的应用[30, 31]。
对柴胡种质资源进行遗传多样性研究, 可以为开发利用以及保护柴胡资源提供理论依据。前人曾利用不同的分子标记对多种药用植物进行了遗传多样性分析。Song等[32]利用简单序列间重复(ISSR)、序列相关扩增多态性(SRAP) 相结合的方法研究发现博落回具有较高的遗传多样性, 群体内遗传多样性水平最高的前两个群体为云南孟连和云南芒市, 其个体可作为种质筛选和保存过程中的优良种质候选。朱巧等[33]利用49对SSR分子标记探讨了黄精属6种植物的遗传多样性和群体结构, 4个地区来源群体间的遗传多样性指数从大到小依次为西部地区 > 华中地区 > 华南地区 > 华东地区。分子标记技术在柴胡种质资源研究方面的应用也很广泛, 战晴晴等[18]经多态性筛选, 获得28条ISSR和14对SSR多态性引物并构建柴胡遗传图谱。吴素瑞等[19]以2个柴胡选育品系和4份其他柴胡栽培种质为材料, 筛选扩增效果好、多态性高的SSR引物并依据遗传距离构建聚类树图。但利用SSR对柴胡居群的遗传多样性进行研究还未有报道。
多态性信息含量是反映分子标记能力的一个重要参数, 如果该标记的PIC值> 0.5, 则该标记被认为是高度多态的, 如果PIC值在0.25~0.5之间, 则该标记具有中度多态性, 如果PIC值< 0.25, 则该标记为低度多态性标记[34]。本实验中所选取的18对SSR引物中, CH14的PIC值为0.228, 为低多态性引物, CH15的PIC值为0.476, 为中多态性引物, 剩余16对SSR引物的PIC值均大于0.5, 具有高度多态性, 说明可以用于柴胡遗传多样性的研究。
本实验利用18对SSR引物对来自不同省份的62个柴胡居群共619个样本进行遗传多样性分析, 结果得出柴胡居群具有丰富的遗传多样性, 说明柴胡在进化的过程中发生了复杂的遗传变异。野生柴胡居群均具有较高的遗传多样性, 对柴胡的种质资源保护和利用有重要的价值, 应当加强对野生柴胡种质资源研究, 减少无科学依据的人为采挖, 优化野生柴胡的生境条件, 同时对野生资源进行科学的移栽驯化, 从中培育优良种质, 提高柴胡药材质量。
物种的群体遗传结构与物种的起源进化、自然分布等有很大关系, 对研究物种之间的进化关系有很大帮助[35]。主坐标分析将62个柴胡居群分为3类, 其中一类主要由来自山西各地的野生柴胡居群组成。以及通过STRUCTURE软件对柴胡群体结构进行预测得到的群体最佳分组数K为2, 第一组组成与主坐标分析中分为第三类的居群相同。第二组则包括主坐标分析中的第一类收集于山西各地的野生柴胡居群和第二类的栽培柴胡居群。而基于Nei's遗传距离对柴胡62个居群构建的NJ树也将来自山西各地的野生柴胡居群聚为一类。来自山西、河北、甘肃等地的柴胡栽培居群聚在一起反映柴胡主产地相互之间种子交易频繁, 相互引种现象较为普遍。以上结果表明SSR分子标记可以将来自山西相同地区的柴胡栽培居群和野生居群明显的分类, 说明野生柴胡居群和栽培柴胡居群的遗传背景不同, 柴胡野生居群遗传多样性比柴胡栽培居群高, 具有丰富的遗传变异, 适应环境变化的能力强于栽培居群, 具有较高的进化潜力; 且山西省为柴胡的道地产区, 野生柴胡药材质量好, 有效成分含量较高, 山西野生柴胡资源单独分类对更好地利用柴胡资源, 进行核心种质研究有重要意义, 后续可将野生柴胡居群作为优良种质的候选, 进行引种驯化, 使其在保持较高的遗传多样性和适应环境变化能力的同时, 提高柴胡药材产量。
作者贡献: 宋芸负责主要实验操作、部分实验设计; 张鑫瑞负责部分实验实施、数据分析和文献检索; 李政、孙哲、李澳旋、杜晓蓉负责样品采集、参与数据统计分析; 乔永刚负责实验设计、结果分析、论文撰写与修改。
利益冲突: 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
基金
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  • 国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1710801)
  • 山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金
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2022年第57卷第4期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2021-1479
  • 接收时间：2021-10-14
  • 首发时间：2025-12-22
  • 出版时间：2022-04-12
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  • 收稿日期：2021-10-14
  • 修回日期：2021-11-09
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1710801)
山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金
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    1.山西农业大学生命科学学院, 山西 太谷 030801
    2.中兽医药现代化山西省重点实验室, 山西 太谷 030801

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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