Article(id=1218263658715599003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1218263653049094254, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2017-0262, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1490198400000, receivedDateStr=2017-03-23, revisedDate=1498406400000, revisedDateStr=2017-06-26, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768386290482, onlineDateStr=2026-01-14, pubDate=1505404800000, pubDateStr=2017-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768386290482, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-14, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768386290482, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768386290482, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1218263653049094254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2017', volume='52', issue='9', pageStart='1351', pageEnd='1484', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768386289131, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768386664469, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218265227385295605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1218263653049094254, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218265227385295606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1218263653049094254, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1437, endPage=1443, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1218263659210526886, articleId=1218263658715599003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Study of brain distribution of Ephedra alkaloids based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS
E and UHPLC-MS/MS method, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=ORIGINAL ARTICLES, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Using ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with mass spectrum (MS) technology, a method has been established for separation and analysis of alkaloid isomers. Alkaloids in Ephedra sinica transitionally crossed blood brain barrier (BBB) and the distribution were investigated. The concentrations of Ephedra alkaloids in rat central nervous system (CNS) were determined to acquire the distribution characteristics and differences in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum, medulla oblongata and hypothalamus. It was founded that pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, norpseudoephedrine, methylephedrine (methylpseudoephedrine) were able to cross BBB fast via gastro-intestinal tract after administrated with Ephedra sinica. Cortex and hippocampus was the main distribution region, followed by hypothalamus, striatum and cerebellum, in which medulla oblongata had the least. The distribution of various alkaloids, as AUC0-t, brain/AUC0-t, blood was ephedrine > methylephedrine > demethyl ephedrine. Alkaloids in Ephedra sinica crossed BBB rapidly, showing the regional distribution tendency in central nervous system, and the distribution was diversity. This group of data provides distribution of bioactive constituents of Ephedra in CNS.
, correspAuthors=Dan SU, Yong-gui SONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2017 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Mi PENG, Dan SU, Han-yun LI, Bing-wei FENG, Peng-fei XU, Yong-gui SONG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1218263661261541582, articleId=1218263658715599003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=UHPLC-QTOF-MS
E与UHPLC-MS/MS分析麻黄生物碱在血脑屏障间的移行及脑区分布特征, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
利用超高效液相色谱-质谱(UHPLC-MS)联用技术,建立麻黄生物碱同分异构体的UHPLC分离方法,定性分析麻黄生物碱移行入血与入脑成分,定量测定并比较麻黄生物碱在血脑屏障间的分布情况,并获得在大鼠中枢神经系统不同部位(大脑皮层、小脑、海马、纹状体、延髓和下丘脑)的分布特征与差异。研究表明,麻黄碱、伪麻黄碱、去甲基麻黄碱、去甲基伪麻黄碱和甲基麻黄碱(甲基伪麻黄碱)经胃肠吸收后可通过血脑屏障快速入脑,定量测定结果显示,麻黄生物碱主要分布在大脑皮层、海马区域,其次为下丘脑、纹状体与小脑,最少分布在延髓部位。不同生物碱的血脑屏障分布情况:以AUC0-t,brain/AUC0-t,blood计,麻黄碱类 > 甲基麻黄碱类 > 去甲基麻黄碱类。麻黄生物碱能够在血脑屏障间快速分布,在中枢系统分布具有组织趋向性,不同生物碱的血脑分布情况具有差异性。本文为中药麻黄的中枢作用机制研究提供了物质效应部位与依据。
, correspAuthors=苏丹, 宋永贵, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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E), Keyword(id=1218968412420756253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=UHPLC-MS/MS)], refs=[Reference(id=1218968414811508786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang XH, Xiao CF, Zhang KY, et al. Research progress on clinical application and pharmacological functions of
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Psychiatric effects of ephedra:addiction[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2005, 162:2198-2198., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1218968417521029310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu SH, Chuang WC, Lam W, et al. Safety surveillance of traditional Chinese medicine:current and future[J]. 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Analgesic effects and side effects of Ephedra Herb extract and ephedrine alkaloids-free Ephedra Herb extract[J]. Yakugaku Zasshi, 2017, 137:187-194., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1218968417915293923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu K, Song Y, Liu Y, et al. An integrated strategy using UPLC-QTOF-MS E and UPLC-QTOF-MRM (enhanced target) for pharmacokinetics study of wine processed Schisandra Chinensis fructus in rats[J]. 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J Neurol, 2008, 255:1259-1260., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1218968418162757886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu J, Wang J, Li QH, et al. Advances in study on expression of dopamine and its receptors in acupuncture[J]. J Anhui Tradit Chin Med Coll (安徽中医药大学学报), 2016, 35:90-93., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1218968418267615500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y, Li CY, Yu SY, et al. Effects on the structure of cerebral temporal lobe cortex and capability of learning and memory of filial mice after administration of heroin and ephedrine[J]. Acta Anat Sin (解剖学报), 2009, 40:724-731., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1218968414392078340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, awardId=20142BAB215064, language=CN, fundingSource=江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20142BAB215064), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1218968414517907474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, awardId=20171BAB205092, language=CN, fundingSource=江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20171BAB205092), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1218968405751812420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218968405760201028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, companyId=1218968405751812420, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Jiangxi University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218968405764395333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, companyId=1218968405751812420, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=江西中医药大学, 江西 南昌 330006)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1218968412668220213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=zCXbG8bTokXx5SETsj1kEA==, figureFileBig=hCFT+SCG/d4BuoiTkX+mtA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218968412785660738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=CN, label=Figure 1, caption=
The base peak integration (BPI): blank cerebral cortex of rat (A), blank plasma of rat (B), drug-containing cerebral cortex of rat (C), drug-containing plasma of rat (D), and Ephedra sinica (E). 1: Ephedrine; 2: Pseudoephedrine; 3: Norephedrine; 4: Norpseudoephedrine; 5: Methylephedrine (Methylpseudoephedrine)
, figureFileSmall=zCXbG8bTokXx5SETsj1kEA==, figureFileBig=hCFT+SCG/d4BuoiTkX+mtA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218968412936655703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=997OZnDslOvgtIJ13wnGpA==, figureFileBig=CL430inGg0NiwLyN4HyAUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218968413041513319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=CN, label=Figure 2, caption=
The typical chromatograms of biological samples: blank brain tissue sample (A), blank brain tissue sample spiked with four compounds, the concentration of all samples is 1 000 ng·mL-1 (B), and 2 h brain tissue sample after administration of Ephedra sinica Stapf (C). 1: Ephedrine; 2: Pseudoephedrine; 3: Norephedrine; 4: Norpseudoephedrine; 5: Methylephedrine; 6: Internal standard (vincristine)
, figureFileSmall=997OZnDslOvgtIJ13wnGpA==, figureFileBig=CL430inGg0NiwLyN4HyAUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218968413137982325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=uab8NKGfaR+iWTUiFbDHbg==, figureFileBig=Z/i3mfOKmz1wkgDrQgIUxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218968413255422851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=CN, label=Figure 3, caption=
The content distribution of four alkaloids in brain tissue. △Containing methylephedrine and methylpseudoephedrine
, figureFileSmall=uab8NKGfaR+iWTUiFbDHbg==, figureFileBig=Z/i3mfOKmz1wkgDrQgIUxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218968413372863381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compound | DP | CE | Parent ion → daughter ion |
| Ephedrine | 35 | 13 | 166.2→148.1 |
| Pseudoephedrine | 38 | 10 | 166.2→148.1 |
| Norephedrine | 42 | 10 | 152.1→134.1 |
| Norpseudoephedrine | 40 | 10 | 152.1→134.1 |
| Methylephedrine | 42 | 15 | 180.1→162.1 |
| Vincristine | 48 | 25 | 825.4→413.2 |
), ArticleFig(id=1218968413469332390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
The mass parameters of difference alkaloids and internal standard compound in MRM mode
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compound | DP | CE | Parent ion → daughter ion |
| Ephedrine | 35 | 13 | 166.2→148.1 |
| Pseudoephedrine | 38 | 10 | 166.2→148.1 |
| Norephedrine | 42 | 10 | 152.1→134.1 |
| Norpseudoephedrine | 40 | 10 | 152.1→134.1 |
| Methylephedrine | 42 | 15 | 180.1→162.1 |
| Vincristine | 48 | 25 | 825.4→413.2 |
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| No. | tR/min | Compound | Formula | MS | ppm | MS/MS |
| 1* | 2.98 | Norephedrine | C9H13NO | 151.21 [M+H]+ | 0.3 | 134.092 3, 117.070 2, 105.950 0 |
| 2* | 3.23 | Norpseudoephedrine | C9H13NO | 151.21 [M+H]+ | 0.3 | 134.092 3, 117.070 2, 105.950 0 |
| 3* | 3.83 | Ephedrine | C10H15NO | 166.12 [M+H]+ | -0.2 | 148.107 9, 133.083 1, 117.067 1 |
| 4* | 4.00 | Pseudoephedrine | C10H15NO | 166.12 [M+H]+ | -0.2 | 148.107 9, 133.083 1, 117.067 1 |
| 5* | 4.31 | Methylephedrine△ | C11H17NO | 180.133 9 [M+H]+ | -0.2 | 162.124 2, 148.106 1, 117.064 1 |
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Identification results of alkaloids from Ephedra sinica before and after getting across blood brain barrier. *Blood and brain containing this component; △Containing methylephedrine and methylpseudoephedrine
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| No. | tR/min | Compound | Formula | MS | ppm | MS/MS |
| 1* | 2.98 | Norephedrine | C9H13NO | 151.21 [M+H]+ | 0.3 | 134.092 3, 117.070 2, 105.950 0 |
| 2* | 3.23 | Norpseudoephedrine | C9H13NO | 151.21 [M+H]+ | 0.3 | 134.092 3, 117.070 2, 105.950 0 |
| 3* | 3.83 | Ephedrine | C10H15NO | 166.12 [M+H]+ | -0.2 | 148.107 9, 133.083 1, 117.067 1 |
| 4* | 4.00 | Pseudoephedrine | C10H15NO | 166.12 [M+H]+ | -0.2 | 148.107 9, 133.083 1, 117.067 1 |
| 5* | 4.31 | Methylephedrine△ | C11H17NO | 180.133 9 [M+H]+ | -0.2 | 162.124 2, 148.106 1, 117.064 1 |
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| Compounds | Regression equation | Correlation coefficient (r2) |
| Ephedrine | Y = 0.009 56X + 0.508 3 | 0.995 7 |
| Pseudoephedrine | Y = 0.012 42X + 0.060 3 | 0.997 1 |
| Norephedrine | Y = 0.000 602X + 0.000 321 | 0.998 6 |
| Norpseudoephedrine | Y = 0.005 807X + 0.017 045 | 0.996 8 |
| Methylephedrine | Y = 0.005 56X -0.022 92 | 0.998 5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1218968413909734355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=
Regression equations and correlation coefficients of the four alkaloids in brain
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compounds | Regression equation | Correlation coefficient (r2) |
| Ephedrine | Y = 0.009 56X + 0.508 3 | 0.995 7 |
| Pseudoephedrine | Y = 0.012 42X + 0.060 3 | 0.997 1 |
| Norephedrine | Y = 0.000 602X + 0.000 321 | 0.998 6 |
| Norpseudoephedrine | Y = 0.005 807X + 0.017 045 | 0.996 8 |
| Methylephedrine | Y = 0.005 56X -0.022 92 | 0.998 5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1218968414069117919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compounds | Cerebral cortex | Cerebellum | Hypothalamus | Striatum | Hippocampus | Medulla oblongata |
| Ephedrine | 0.65 | 0.53 | 0.58 | 0.61 | 0.70 | 0.27 |
| Pseudoephedrine | 0.68 | 0.49 | 0.48 | 0.47 | 0.63 | 0.40 |
| Norephedrine | 0.37 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.09 |
| Norpseudoephedrine | 0.35 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.29 | 0.10 |
| Methylephedrine△ | 0.64 | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.40 | 0.59 | 0.17 |
), ArticleFig(id=1218968414182364139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1218263658715599003, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=
Transitional capability (AUC0-t, brain / AUC0-t, blood) of Ephedra alkaloids in six regions. △Containing methylephedrine and methylpseudoephedrine
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compounds | Cerebral cortex | Cerebellum | Hypothalamus | Striatum | Hippocampus | Medulla oblongata |
| Ephedrine | 0.65 | 0.53 | 0.58 | 0.61 | 0.70 | 0.27 |
| Pseudoephedrine | 0.68 | 0.49 | 0.48 | 0.47 | 0.63 | 0.40 |
| Norephedrine | 0.37 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.09 |
| Norpseudoephedrine | 0.35 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.29 | 0.10 |
| Methylephedrine△ | 0.64 | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.40 | 0.59 | 0.17 |
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