Article(id=1241779369258058233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1241779355555266850, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.05.13, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1691942400000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773992872776, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1717084800000, pubDateStr=2024-05-31, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773992872776, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773992872776, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773992872776, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241779355555266850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='5', pageStart='737', pageEnd='920', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773992869509, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773992925624, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241779590985749489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1241779355555266850, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241779590985749490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1241779355555266850, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=851, endPage=858, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241779369610379793, articleId=1241779369258058233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Determination of 16 photoinitiator residuces in medicinal composite membranes with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry*, columnId=1206272757852074373, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Safety Monitoring, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To establish a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the determination of 16 photoinitiator residuce levels in medicinal composite membranes,including benzophenone (BP) and 4-methylbenzophenone (4-MBP).

Methods:

The samples were extracted by ethylacetate,separated with TR-5MS column. The mass spectrum was analyzed with EI ionization,positive ion mode and selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mode and quantified with internal standard method.

Results:

The 16 kinds of photoinitiators had good linear relationships in the range of 0.05-2.0 μg·mL-1,and the correlation coefficients (r) were more than 0.997. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.03 μg·mL-1. The average recoveries were (n=6) ranged from 81.3% to 94.0%,with RSDs of 2.1%-6.2%. The detection rate of 4-Isopropylthioxanthone (4-ITX) in the medicinal composite membranes was 30%,and the highest content was 0.02 μg·cm-2.

Conclusion:

The method is accurate with high sensitivity and simple pretreatment,which can be used for the detecting the kinds of photoinitiators in medicinal composite membranes.

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目的:

建立气相色谱-质谱法同时测定药用复合膜中二苯甲酮、4-甲基二苯甲酮等16种光引发剂的残留量。

方法:

样品经乙酸乙酯超声提取后,采用TR-5MS气相色谱柱,程序升温;质谱检测器:电子轰击源,正离子模式,选择反应监测模式下进行分析,内标法定量。

结果:

16种光引发剂在0.05~2.0 μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好,r均>0.997,检测限均为0.03 μg·mL-1,平均回收率(n=6)在81.3%~94.0%,RSD为2.1%~6.2%。10批次药用复合膜中光引发剂4-ITX检出率为30%,最高含量为0.02 μg·cm-2

结论:

该方法前处理简单,灵敏度高,结果准确,可用于药用复合膜中多种光引发剂残留量的同时测定。

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Tel:(023)86072759;E-mail:

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Determination of photoinitiators in leather products[J]. J Leather Sci Eng202131(1):60, articleTitle=Determination of photoinitiators in leather products, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241779381778056097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, awardId=CQIFDC-YJKT-2021-14, language=CN, fundingSource=*重庆市绩效引导专项项目(CQIFDC-YJKT-2021-14), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241779381924856742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=2023年重庆市药品补充检验方法项目, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241779377269179181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241779377290150702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, companyId=1241779377269179181, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, Chongqing 401121, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241779377298539311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, companyId=1241779377269179181, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=重庆市食品药品检验检测研究院 国家药品监督管理局麻醉精神药品质量监测重点实验室,重庆 401121)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241779379127255926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=GC-MS chromatograms of specifcity, figureFileSmall=gkXZvFRouLP96LRiaZIl3Q==, figureFileBig=c00DT28jtVz2EmYAd3IrIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241779380603650935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=CN, label=图1, caption=专属性试验气相色谱-质谱图

A.溶剂(solvent) B.混合对照品溶液(mixed reference substance solution) C.供试品溶液(sample solution) D.样品加标溶液(spike solution of sample)

, figureFileSmall=gkXZvFRouLP96LRiaZIl3Q==, figureFileBig=c00DT28jtVz2EmYAd3IrIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241779380838531968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Mass spectrometry parameters of 16 kinds of photoinitiators and internal standard

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号
(No.)
化合物
(compound)
分子结构式
(chemica structure)
相对分子质量
(relative molecular mass)
保留时间
(retention time)/min
定量离子对
(quantitative ion pair)m/z
定性离子对
(qualitative ion pair)m/z
碰撞能量
(collision energy)/eV
12-羟基-2-甲基丙苯酮[2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone(1173)]164.208.89105.0/77.0106.1/77.010/18
2苯甲酰甲酸甲酯[methylbenzoylformate(MBF)]164.169.11105.0/77.077.0/51.012/14
3BP182.2214.39105.0/77.0105.0/51.110/25
42-甲基二苯甲酮[2-methyl benzophenone(2-MBP)]196.2514.85195.1/176.1196.1/152.122/32
51-羟基环己基苯基甲酮[1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone(irgacure 184)]204.2615.2699.1/55.081.0/53.012/10
64-(二甲基氨基)-苯甲酸乙酯[4-(dimethylamino)-benzoicaciethylester(EDB)]193.2415.41193.1/148.1148.1/104.012/22
73-甲基二苯甲酮[3-methyl benzophenone(3-MBP)]196.2515.78119.0/91.0181.1/153.110/14
84-MBP196.2416.16119.0/91.0196.1/119.010/10
9氘代蒽-D10[anthracene-D10(ISTD)]188.2916.74188.1/160.1188.1/184.120/25
104-氯二苯甲酮[4-chlorobenzophenone(CBP)]216.6616.87139.0/111.0216.0/181.112/6
112,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮[2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone(BDK)]256.3017.61151.1/77.0151.1/105.025/10
12邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯[O-methyl-benzoyl benzoate(OMBB)]240.2518.36163.0/133.0240.1/163.010/6
134-(二甲氨基)苯甲酸-2-乙基己酯[2-ethylhexyl-4-dimethylamino benzoate(EHDBA)]277.4022.12277.2/165.1164.1/118.18/16
144-ITX254.3523.44239.0/196.0254.1/196.018/30
152-异丙基硫杂蒽酮[2-isopropylthioxanthone(2-ITX)]254.3523.57239.0/152.1254.1/196.034/30
164-苯甲酰基联苯[4-benzoylbiphenyl(PBZ)]258.3124.33258.1/181.1258.1/152.110/36
172,4-二乙基-9H-硫杂蒽-9-酮[2,4-diethyl-9H-thioxanthen-9-one(DETX)]268.3724.89253.0/208.0268.1/237.038/34
), ArticleFig(id=1241779380960166790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

16种光引发剂及内标物的质谱分析参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号
(No.)
化合物
(compound)
分子结构式
(chemica structure)
相对分子质量
(relative molecular mass)
保留时间
(retention time)/min
定量离子对
(quantitative ion pair)m/z
定性离子对
(qualitative ion pair)m/z
碰撞能量
(collision energy)/eV
12-羟基-2-甲基丙苯酮[2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone(1173)]164.208.89105.0/77.0106.1/77.010/18
2苯甲酰甲酸甲酯[methylbenzoylformate(MBF)]164.169.11105.0/77.077.0/51.012/14
3BP182.2214.39105.0/77.0105.0/51.110/25
42-甲基二苯甲酮[2-methyl benzophenone(2-MBP)]196.2514.85195.1/176.1196.1/152.122/32
51-羟基环己基苯基甲酮[1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone(irgacure 184)]204.2615.2699.1/55.081.0/53.012/10
64-(二甲基氨基)-苯甲酸乙酯[4-(dimethylamino)-benzoicaciethylester(EDB)]193.2415.41193.1/148.1148.1/104.012/22
73-甲基二苯甲酮[3-methyl benzophenone(3-MBP)]196.2515.78119.0/91.0181.1/153.110/14
84-MBP196.2416.16119.0/91.0196.1/119.010/10
9氘代蒽-D10[anthracene-D10(ISTD)]188.2916.74188.1/160.1188.1/184.120/25
104-氯二苯甲酮[4-chlorobenzophenone(CBP)]216.6616.87139.0/111.0216.0/181.112/6
112,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮[2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone(BDK)]256.3017.61151.1/77.0151.1/105.025/10
12邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯[O-methyl-benzoyl benzoate(OMBB)]240.2518.36163.0/133.0240.1/163.010/6
134-(二甲氨基)苯甲酸-2-乙基己酯[2-ethylhexyl-4-dimethylamino benzoate(EHDBA)]277.4022.12277.2/165.1164.1/118.18/16
144-ITX254.3523.44239.0/196.0254.1/196.018/30
152-异丙基硫杂蒽酮[2-isopropylthioxanthone(2-ITX)]254.3523.57239.0/152.1254.1/196.034/30
164-苯甲酰基联苯[4-benzoylbiphenyl(PBZ)]258.3124.33258.1/181.1258.1/152.110/36
172,4-二乙基-9H-硫杂蒽-9-酮[2,4-diethyl-9H-thioxanthen-9-one(DETX)]268.3724.89253.0/208.0268.1/237.038/34
), ArticleFig(id=1241779381060830090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Regression equation,linear range,LOD and LOQ of 16 photoinitiators

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号
(No.)
化合物
(compound)
回归方程
(regression equation)
线性范围
(linear range)/(μg·mL-1
rLOD/(μg·mL-1LOQ/(μg·mL-1
11173Y=0.021 5X-1.0450.05~2.00.999 60.030.05
2MBFY=0.083 8X-3.8590.05~2.00.999 50.030.05
3BPY=0.056 1X-1.8210.05~2.00.999 30.030.05
42-MBPY=0.006 6X-0.2340.05~2.00.999 30.030.05
5Irgacure184Y=0.004 0X-0.2000.05~2.00.999 60.030.05
6EDBY=0.003 4X-0.1610.05~2.00.999 50.030.05
73-MBPY=0.022 7X-1.4460.05~2.00.999 20.030.05
84-MBPY=0.024 7X-1.5870.05~2.00.999 40.030.05
9CBPY=0.009 13X-0.4330.05~2.00.999 60.030.05
10BDKY=0.014 8X-0.5510.05~2.00.999 40.030.05
11OMBBY=0.005 60X-0.2310.05~2.00.999 20.030.05
12EHDBAY=0.002 95X-0.1340.05~2.00.999 50.030.05
134-ITXY=0.004 28X-0.3110.05~2.00.998 20.030.05
142-ITXY=0.003 61X-0.2770.05~2.00.997 90.030.05
15PBZY=0.011 9X-0.8150.05~2.00.998 70.030.05
16DETXY=0.001 73X-0.1140.05~2.00.999 00.030.05
), ArticleFig(id=1241779381161493387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

16种光引发剂的回归方程、线性范围、检测限和定量限

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号
(No.)
化合物
(compound)
回归方程
(regression equation)
线性范围
(linear range)/(μg·mL-1
rLOD/(μg·mL-1LOQ/(μg·mL-1
11173Y=0.021 5X-1.0450.05~2.00.999 60.030.05
2MBFY=0.083 8X-3.8590.05~2.00.999 50.030.05
3BPY=0.056 1X-1.8210.05~2.00.999 30.030.05
42-MBPY=0.006 6X-0.2340.05~2.00.999 30.030.05
5Irgacure184Y=0.004 0X-0.2000.05~2.00.999 60.030.05
6EDBY=0.003 4X-0.1610.05~2.00.999 50.030.05
73-MBPY=0.022 7X-1.4460.05~2.00.999 20.030.05
84-MBPY=0.024 7X-1.5870.05~2.00.999 40.030.05
9CBPY=0.009 13X-0.4330.05~2.00.999 60.030.05
10BDKY=0.014 8X-0.5510.05~2.00.999 40.030.05
11OMBBY=0.005 60X-0.2310.05~2.00.999 20.030.05
12EHDBAY=0.002 95X-0.1340.05~2.00.999 50.030.05
134-ITXY=0.004 28X-0.3110.05~2.00.998 20.030.05
142-ITXY=0.003 61X-0.2770.05~2.00.997 90.030.05
15PBZY=0.011 9X-0.8150.05~2.00.998 70.030.05
16DETXY=0.001 73X-0.1140.05~2.00.999 00.030.05
), ArticleFig(id=1241779381266350991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Recoveries of the test results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号
(No.)
化合物
(compound)
加入量
(spiked)/(μg·mL-1
检出量
(detected)/(μg·mL-1)
平均回收率
(average recovery)/%
RSD/%
111730.1670.1400.1510.1430.1480.1400.14486.43.1
2MBF0.1620.1310.1390.1350.1350.1350.13283.02.1
3BP0.1620.1260.1380.1350.1330.1310.13281.83.0
42-MBP0.1660.1230.1340.1300.1350.1340.13481.33.5
5Irgacure1840.1690.1400.1480.1480.1480.1490.15288.92.7
6EDB0.1700.1300.1460.1410.1420.1540.15285.36.2
73-MBP0.1720.1500.1590.1580.1550.1530.15391.02.2
84-MBP0.1650.1450.1530.1520.1560.1550.15288.52.5
9CBP0.1640.1320.1440.1370.1420.1380.14684.73.7
10BDK0.1660.1290.1460.1350.1350.1430.14084.14.5
11OMBB0.1720.1310.1440.1370.1380.1400.13682.93.1
12EHDBA0.1620.1360.1570.1430.1440.1460.15185.04.9
134-ITX0.1760.1670.1640.1570.1540.1600.15890.93.0
142-ITX0.1850.1670.1660.1560.1600.1600.16988.13.1
15PBZ0.1760.1590.1690.1560.1570.1610.16291.32.9
16DETX0.1750.1550.1730.1690.1570.1660.16794.04.3
), ArticleFig(id=1241779381404763029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

回收率试验结果(n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号
(No.)
化合物
(compound)
加入量
(spiked)/(μg·mL-1
检出量
(detected)/(μg·mL-1)
平均回收率
(average recovery)/%
RSD/%
111730.1670.1400.1510.1430.1480.1400.14486.43.1
2MBF0.1620.1310.1390.1350.1350.1350.13283.02.1
3BP0.1620.1260.1380.1350.1330.1310.13281.83.0
42-MBP0.1660.1230.1340.1300.1350.1340.13481.33.5
5Irgacure1840.1690.1400.1480.1480.1480.1490.15288.92.7
6EDB0.1700.1300.1460.1410.1420.1540.15285.36.2
73-MBP0.1720.1500.1590.1580.1550.1530.15391.02.2
84-MBP0.1650.1450.1530.1520.1560.1550.15288.52.5
9CBP0.1640.1320.1440.1370.1420.1380.14684.73.7
10BDK0.1660.1290.1460.1350.1350.1430.14084.14.5
11OMBB0.1720.1310.1440.1370.1380.1400.13682.93.1
12EHDBA0.1620.1360.1570.1430.1440.1460.15185.04.9
134-ITX0.1760.1670.1640.1570.1540.1600.15890.93.0
142-ITX0.1850.1670.1660.1560.1600.1600.16988.13.1
15PBZ0.1760.1590.1690.1560.1570.1610.16291.32.9
16DETX0.1750.1550.1730.1690.1570.1660.16794.04.3
), ArticleFig(id=1241779381538980760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Recoveries of different extraction methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物
(compound)
微波
(microwave assisted extraction)
超声波
(supersonic extraction)
117377.376.4
MBF77.180.2
BP69.278.6
2-MBP78.675.6
Irgacure18479.984.2
EDB74.884.4
3-MBP78.780.8
4-MBP76.780.8
CBP84.379.1
BDK86.983.3
OMBB84.185.9
EHDBA81.079.4
4-ITX92.789.7
2-ITX91.585.3
PBZ96.880.2
DETX92.985.2
), ArticleFig(id=1241779381643838366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1241779369258058233, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同提取方式回收率结果(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物
(compound)
微波
(microwave assisted extraction)
超声波
(supersonic extraction)
117377.376.4
MBF77.180.2
BP69.278.6
2-MBP78.675.6
Irgacure18479.984.2
EDB74.884.4
3-MBP78.780.8
4-MBP76.780.8
CBP84.379.1
BDK86.983.3
OMBB84.185.9
EHDBA81.079.4
4-ITX92.789.7
2-ITX91.585.3
PBZ96.880.2
DETX92.985.2
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气相色谱-质谱法测定药用复合膜中16种光引发剂的残留量*
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吴红洋
药物分析杂志 | 安全监测 2024,44(5): 851-858
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药物分析杂志 | 安全监测 2024, 44(5): 851-858
气相色谱-质谱法测定药用复合膜中16种光引发剂的残留量*
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吴红洋
作者信息
  • 重庆市食品药品检验检测研究院 国家药品监督管理局麻醉精神药品质量监测重点实验室,重庆 401121
  • Tel:(023)86072759;E-mail:

Determination of 16 photoinitiator residuces in medicinal composite membranes with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry*
Hong-yang WU
Affiliations
  • Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, Chongqing 401121, China
出版时间: 2024-05-31 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.05.13
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目的:

建立气相色谱-质谱法同时测定药用复合膜中二苯甲酮、4-甲基二苯甲酮等16种光引发剂的残留量。

方法:

样品经乙酸乙酯超声提取后,采用TR-5MS气相色谱柱,程序升温;质谱检测器:电子轰击源,正离子模式,选择反应监测模式下进行分析,内标法定量。

结果:

16种光引发剂在0.05~2.0 μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好,r均>0.997,检测限均为0.03 μg·mL-1,平均回收率(n=6)在81.3%~94.0%,RSD为2.1%~6.2%。10批次药用复合膜中光引发剂4-ITX检出率为30%,最高含量为0.02 μg·cm-2

结论:

该方法前处理简单,灵敏度高,结果准确,可用于药用复合膜中多种光引发剂残留量的同时测定。

气相色谱-质谱法  /  药用复合膜  /  光引发剂  /  内标法  /  残留量
Objective:

To establish a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the determination of 16 photoinitiator residuce levels in medicinal composite membranes,including benzophenone (BP) and 4-methylbenzophenone (4-MBP).

Methods:

The samples were extracted by ethylacetate,separated with TR-5MS column. The mass spectrum was analyzed with EI ionization,positive ion mode and selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mode and quantified with internal standard method.

Results:

The 16 kinds of photoinitiators had good linear relationships in the range of 0.05-2.0 μg·mL-1,and the correlation coefficients (r) were more than 0.997. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.03 μg·mL-1. The average recoveries were (n=6) ranged from 81.3% to 94.0%,with RSDs of 2.1%-6.2%. The detection rate of 4-Isopropylthioxanthone (4-ITX) in the medicinal composite membranes was 30%,and the highest content was 0.02 μg·cm-2.

Conclusion:

The method is accurate with high sensitivity and simple pretreatment,which can be used for the detecting the kinds of photoinitiators in medicinal composite membranes.

gas chromatography-mass spectrometry  /  photoinitiators  /  medicinal composite membranes  /  internal standard method  /  residuces
吴红洋. 气相色谱-质谱法测定药用复合膜中16种光引发剂的残留量*. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (5) : 851 -858 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.05.13
Hong-yang WU. Determination of 16 photoinitiator residuces in medicinal composite membranes with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry*[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (5) : 851 -858 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.05.13
光引发剂又称光固化剂,是一类能在紫外光区或可见光区吸收一定波长的能量,产生自由基、阳离子等,从而引发单体聚合交联固化的化合物[1],是印刷紫外固化油墨(简称UV油墨)配方中不可替代的成分。光固化技术以其固化速度快、节能环保和生产效率高等优点,逐步取代传统溶剂型印刷油墨而被广泛用于包装印刷中[2]。然而,光引发剂在印刷过程中不能被完全利用或去除,尤其是一些相对分子质量较小的光引发剂,容易从包装材料外表面迁移至包装内容物中,从而引发安全危害[3-4]。光引发剂如二苯甲酮(BP)、4-甲基二苯甲酮(4-MBP)具有一定生殖毒性、接触毒性和致癌作用[5]。目前,欧盟、瑞士等已对光引发剂的使用加以限制[6-8],我国食品行业也出台了光引发剂的检测标准及限度要求[9],而药品及药品包装材料(以下简称药包材)中暂无相关规定。药用复合膜是一类使用油墨最多的药包材,应用范围广泛,而《国家药包材标准》及其他标准中均未对药用复合膜中的光引发剂进行限定。因此,建立药用复合膜中光引发剂残留量的检测方法,对于保障人们用药安全及完善药包材标准具有重要意义。
目前,光引发剂的检测方法主要有超高效合相色谱法[10]、液相色谱-质谱法[11-12]、气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)[13-14],这些方法检测的光引发剂种类较少,或者种类虽多,但使用的提取溶剂体系也较多。其中,液相色谱-质谱法经常需要使用固相萃取小柱、吸附剂(如C18、PSA)等净化方式,造成前处理方法烦琐、耗时长[15]。近年来,GC-MS广泛用于痕量分析检测[16-17],本研究采用GC-MS,重点选择国内外法规和其他行业标准对光引发剂有限定要求或者禁用的16种物质,通过优化气相条件、质谱参数及样品前处理条件,旨在探索一种前处理简单,且能高效、快速地同时测定不同材质药用复合膜中多种光引发剂的检测方法,监测药用复合膜中光引发剂的残留量情况,为药品生产企业选择合适的药包材提供参考。
TSQXLS气相色谱-质谱仪(Thermo公司);XPE205电子天平(Mettler Toledo公司,精度为0.01 mg);KQ-500DE超声波清洗器(昆山市超声仪器有限公司);MARS6微波萃取仪(CEM公司)。
光引发剂混合对照品(浓度1 000 μg·mL-1,ANPEL公司);4-氯二苯甲酮(CBP,纯度99%,Aladdin公司);氘代蒽-D10[内标物(ISTD),浓度2 000 μg·mL-1,Sigma-aldrich公司];乙酸乙酯(色谱纯,Honeywell公司);正己烷、二氯甲烷(均为色谱纯,Aladdin公司);乙腈(色谱纯,安徽时联特种溶剂有限公司);10批药用复合膜(药用复合膜:Ⅰ类,批号SP2021070024,厂家A;纸/聚乙烯药用复合膜:Ι类,批号SP2021050284,厂家A;聚酯/聚乙烯复合膜:Ⅱ类,批号21021302,厂家B;药用复合膜:Ⅱ类,批号6006818,厂家C;双向拉伸聚丙烯/真空镀铝流延聚丙烯药用复合膜:Ⅲ类,批号20210902,厂家D;药用复合膜:Ⅲ类,批号210101,厂家E;纸/铝/聚乙烯药用复合膜:Ⅳ类,批号SP20220460014,厂家F;玻璃纸/铝/聚乙烯药用复合膜:Ⅳ类,批号H6050005-220201,厂家G;聚酯/铝/聚乙烯药用复合膜:Ⅴ类,批号P2105448,厂家H;聚酯/铝/聚乙烯药用复合膜:Ⅴ类,批号202101001R,厂家I)。
色谱柱:TR-5MS毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm,膜厚0.25 μm);载气:氦气;进样体积:1 μL;柱流量:1.0 mL·min-1,不分流进样;色谱柱温度采用程序升温,初始温度70 ℃,以8 ℃·min-1升温至300 ℃,保持10 min;进样口温度:300 ℃;电离方式:电子轰击源;传输线温度300 ℃,离子源温度300 ℃;检测器:三重四极杆质谱检测器;扫描模式:选择反应监测模式;内标法定量。光引发剂及内标物的质谱分析参数见表1
移取氘代蒽-D10对照品0.25 mL,置50 mL量瓶中,加乙酸乙酯定容至刻度,即得质量浓度为10 μg·mL-1的内标溶液。
称取4-氯二苯甲酮对照品适量,置25 mL量瓶中,加乙腈定容至刻度,配制成质量浓度为1 000 μg·mL-1的对照品储备液。分别移取4-氯二苯甲酮储备液和光引发剂混合对照品0.25 mL,置25 mL量瓶中,加乙酸乙酯定容至刻度,配制质量浓度为10 μg·mL-1的混合对照品溶液。
取混合对照品溶液和内标溶液适量,加乙酸乙酯稀释制成质量浓度分别为0.05、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.8、1.0和2.0 μg·mL-1的溶液,即得。
分别取样品适量,裁取内表面积50 cm2,将其裁成0.5 cm×0.5 cm的碎片,置于25 mL具塞刻度试管中,加入质量浓度为10 μg·mL-1的内标溶液0.2 mL和乙酸乙酯8 mL,超声(功率500 W,频率40 kHz,控制温度在30 ℃以下)提取30 min,将提取液转移至10 mL量瓶中,用乙酸乙酯反复洗涤完全后合并提取液,加乙酸乙酯定容至刻度,过0.45 μm滤膜,取滤液,即得,供GC-MS测定。
取空白样品适量,按“2.3.1”项下方法处理,即得。
取空白样品适量,裁取内表面积50 cm2,将其裁成0.5 cm×0.5 cm的碎片,置于25 mL具塞刻度试管中,分别加入质量浓度为10 μg·mL-1的内标溶液和混合对照品溶液0.2 mL,再加入乙酸乙酯8 mL,自“超声……”起,按“2.3.1”项下方法处理,即得。
分别取空白溶液(乙酸乙酯)、混合对照品溶液、供试品溶液以及样品加标溶液,按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样分析,色谱图见图1,各目标物质对应的保留时间见表1。结果表明,溶剂和样品基质对16种光引发剂的检测均无干扰,方法专属性较好。
取混合对照品工作溶液,按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样测试,记录色谱图。以进样浓度为横坐标,对照品峰面积与内标峰面积之比为纵坐标进行线性回归,得各组分线性回归方程和r,见表2r均>0.997,表明在线性范围内线性关系良好。
将混合对照品溶液逐级稀释进行测定,以混合对照品溶液中灵敏度最低的目标物质为参考,当待测物信号与基线噪音之比(S/N)≥3或10,确定各目标物质的检测限和定量限,见表2
按“2.3.3”项下方法制备1份样品加标溶液,分别连续进样6次,计算16种光引发剂的峰面积与内标峰面积之比的RSD在1.0%~3.9%,表明仪器精密度良好。
按“2.3.3”项下方法制备样品加标溶液,对样品进行同一浓度水平的加标试验,平行制备6份加标样品溶液,同时制备本底试验溶液。按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样分析,结果见表3。样品本底中均未检出光引发剂,16种光引发剂的平均加标回收率在81.3%~94.0%,RSD为2.1%~6.2%,表明该方法具有较好的准确度。
根据《国家药包材标准》YBB00132002-2015对药用复合膜的分类,分别收集5种不同材质的药用复合膜,每种材质各收集2批,按“2.3.1”项下方法制备供试品溶液后进样分析。结果10批次样品中有3批次检出4-ITX,最高含量为0.02 μg·cm-2,其他15种光引发剂均未检出。查阅ECHA网站得知,BP、4-MBP在普通人群中口服给药长期的衍生无影响水平(derived no-or minimal effect level,DNEL)为50 μg·kg-1·d-1,亚洲成人平均体质量按50 kg计,则口服每日允许摄入的最大量(PDE)为2 500 μg·d-1。16种光引发剂参考BP的口服途径PDE,拟定为2 500 μg·d-1。以药用复合膜每日最大使用量600 cm2计算[18],样品中光引发剂的分析评价阈值(AET)为4.2 μg·cm-2。由本次收集的药用复合膜测定结果可知,光引发剂4-ITX检出率为30%,但均未超过拟定限度。
根据目标物质的化学特性和分子结构特征,同时参考相关文献资料[19-20],并考虑实验室的通用性,选择TR-5色谱柱。通过调节色谱柱初始温度(50、60、70、75、80和85 ℃)、程序升温条件(7、8、9和10 ℃·min-1)、分流模式(分流比、不分流)等仪器参数,以16种光引发剂在不同色谱柱上的分离效果、峰形等条件为判断依据,进行色谱条件的考察。结果表明:色谱柱初始温度或者升温速率较低时,分析时间延长,出峰较缓,2-MBP和PBZ峰形较差,拖尾较严重;而初始温度太高或者升温速率太快,目标物质出峰时间较早,部分峰来不及在色谱柱上进行分离,达不到分离效果,有同分异构体的目标物质也不易完全分开。同时采用不分流模式,响应信号更强。因此,在最终确定的初始温度70 ℃,升温速率8 ℃·min-1条件下,16种光引发剂均能完全分开,峰形尖锐对称,分离效果最好。
重点选择了各行业对光引发剂有限定要求的16种目标物质进行研究。首先配制质量浓度为1.0 μg·mL-1的混合对照品溶液,采用全扫描模式对16种光引发剂及内标物质进行初步定性并确定每种目标物质的保留时间,然后在反应监测模式下进行目标物质的母离子、子离子的寻找以及碰撞能量的优化,从而获得所需的各项质谱参数,最后根据峰面积和信噪比,确定每种目标物质的定性离子对和定量离子对。
药用复合膜中光引发剂主要来源于油墨的使用,包括油墨的种类、使用量及印刷过程的控制等,因此,对样品进行有效提取对测定光引发剂的残留量至关重要。查阅相关资料,16种光引发剂能溶于丙酮、乙酸乙酯、正己烷、二氯甲烷、乙腈等有机溶剂[21],本研究结合药用复合膜的材质特征,主要选择色谱纯的二氯甲烷、正己烷、乙酸乙酯作为提取溶剂,提取方式主要包括超声提取、微波提取,不同提取方式下提取时间选择10、20、30和40 min。结果表明,16种光引发剂在乙酸乙酯中的溶解性更好,信号响应更强,且该溶剂毒性较小。超声提取较微波提取方式的前处理操作更简单,回收率高,不同提取方式下(提取20 min)光引发剂的回收率结果见表4。随着超声时间的延长,提取效率增加,但超声时间达到40 min时,提取效率没有显著增加。因此,超声30 min提取效果和回收率均最好。采用该前处理条件,在有印刷油墨的药用复合软膏管样品中检测到不同种类的光引发剂残留。
本文建立了GC-MS同时测定药用复合膜中16种光引发剂残留量的方法,前处理简单快速,灵敏度和准确度较高,应用范围较广,可用于药用复合膜中多种光引发剂残留量的同时测定,同时也可对其他药包材(如药用滴眼剂瓶、药用复合软膏管等)的光引发剂残留量进行风险监测研究,为完善药包材标准提供参考依据。
  • *重庆市绩效引导专项项目(CQIFDC-YJKT-2021-14)
  • 2023年重庆市药品补充检验方法项目
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2024年第44卷第5期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024.05.13
  • 接收时间:2023-08-14
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-05-31
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-14
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*重庆市绩效引导专项项目(CQIFDC-YJKT-2021-14)
2023年重庆市药品补充检验方法项目
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    重庆市食品药品检验检测研究院 国家药品监督管理局麻醉精神药品质量监测重点实验室,重庆 401121
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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