Article(id=1240997646438035925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240997638351409170, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0424, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1719331200000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773806495531, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1740672000000, pubDateStr=2025-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773806495531, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773806495531, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773806495531, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240997638351409170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2025', volume='45', issue='2', pageStart='181', pageEnd='360', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773806493604, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773810140860, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241012936110560131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240997638351409170, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241012936110560132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240997638351409170, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=218, endPage=227, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240997647574692391, articleId=1240997646438035925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Analysis of the relative molecular mass distribution and in vitro digestive stability of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition, columnId=1206272756979659107, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Bioassay, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To establish a method combining size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with an optimized Infogest in vitro static digestion model for determining the relative molecular mass distribution of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition before and after digestion. To evaluate and assess the quality of three different products, to explore product quality characteristics and digestive stability, and to provide guidance for quality control and clinical individualized application of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition.

Methods:

The SEC method was performed using two ECOSIL SEC G 2000 columns (300 mm×7.8 mm, 5 μm) in series, with acetonitrile-water-trifluoroacetic acid(15:8 5:0 .1) as the mobile phase, a flow rate of 0.7 mL·min-1, the column temperature 30 ℃, the detection wavelength 215 nm, and the sample volume 20 μL. The in vitro simulated digestion process referred to and optimized the Infogest in vitro static digestion model, divided into simulated gastric digestion, simulated intestinal digestion, and simulated gastro-intestinal total digestion stages. The established SEC method was used to compare changes in the relative molecular mass distribution before and after digestion to evaluate in vitro digestive stability.

Results:

Within the range of relative molecular mass from 165.19 to 12 327, the logarithms of the relative molecular mass of the 8 reference standards showed good linear relationships with retention time. Specificity tests indicated that blank solvent and the simulated gastric-intestinal digestion solution had minimal impact on the measurement of relative molecular mass distribution. The RSDs for precision, repeatability, and 24 h stability tests were all less than 1.0%. The relative molecular mass of various short peptide enteral nutrition products was mainly concentrated between 150 and 1 000, but there were significant differences in the distribution ratios of relative molecular mass among different products. The hydrolysis of peptide components primarily occurred during the production stage, and after in vitro simulated digestion, their relative molecular mass distribution characteristics remained largely unchanged, with the degree of change mainly related to the original hydrolysis level of the product.

Conclusion:

The SEC method combined with the optimized Infogest model is suitable for studying the molecular mass distribution and digestive stability of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition. The method is straightforward and rapid, facilitating a comprehensive assessment of the products quality characteristics and nutritional value.

, correspAuthors=Ling–ling YAN, Zhi–yong XIE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wen–qi GUO, Han WANG, Yi–han WANG, Ling–ling YAN, Zhi–yong XIE), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240997650527482536, articleId=1240997646438035925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=短肽型肠内营养剂相对分子质量分布及体外消化稳定性的探析**, columnId=1206272757600416118, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=生物检定, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

建立1种结合优化后的Infogest体外消化静态模型的分子排阻色谱(SEC)法,测定短肽型肠内营养剂消化前后相对分子质量分布,对3种不同的短肽型肠内营养剂质量进行考察评估,探讨产品质量特性及消化稳定性,为短肽型肠内营养剂质量控制和临床个体化应用提供指导依据。

方法:

SEC法采用2根ECOSIL SEC G 2000色谱柱(300 mm×7.8 mm, 5 μm)串联,以乙腈-水-三氟乙酸(15:85:0.1)为流动相,流速0.7 mL·min-1,柱温30 ℃,检测波长215 nm,进样量20 μL;体外模拟消化参考并优化Infogest体外消化静态模型,分为模拟胃、肠和胃肠总消化3个阶段,并采用建立的SEC法,对比消化前后相对分子质量分布的变化来评价其体外消化稳定性。

结果:

在相对分子质量为165.19~12 327,8种对照品的相对分子质量对数与保留时间呈良好的线性关系。专属性试验结果显示,空白溶剂、模拟胃肠混合消化溶液对相对分子质量分布测定基本无影响;精密度、重复性、24 h稳定性试验的RSD均<1.0%。各品种短肽型肠内营养剂的相对分子质量主要集中在150~1 000,但不同品种的相对分子质量分布占比存在较大差异。肽组分的水解主要发生在生产阶段,经体外模拟消化后,其相对分子质量分布特性基本保持不变,变化程度主要与产品的原始水解程度相关。

结论:

SEC法结合经优化的Infogest体外消化静态模型,适用于短肽型肠内营养剂经消化前后的相对分子质量分布及消化稳定性研究,此方法操作简便、快捷,有利于该产品质量特性和营养价值的综合性评估。

, correspAuthors=严玲玲, 谢智勇, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
**谢智勇 Tel:18620761811;E-mail:
严玲玲 Tel:13925262432;E-mail:
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郭文琪Tel:13602450230;E-mail:

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1. 细胞色素C(cytochrome C) 2. 牛胰岛素(bovin insulin) 3. 杆菌肽(bacitracin) 4. 氧化型谷胱甘肽(oxidized glutathione) 5. 甘氨酸-甘氨酸-酪氨酸-精氨酸(glycine-glycine-tyrosine-arginine) 6. 还原型谷胱甘肽(reduced glutathione) 7. 色氨酸(tryptophan) 8. 苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)

, figureFileSmall=SqVk5q3r9K2GHffW6ahkCg==, figureFileBig=LWeC5UZhTPg45wAS/r/EJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033141310255322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Specificities of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition, figureFileSmall=SMRPdA+VDn2o8O3AoCujmg==, figureFileBig=a3KuQhZIugZbAPp6dhyiHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033141381558495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=CN, label=图2, caption=短肽型肠内营养剂专属性考察

A. 空白溶剂(blank solvent) B. 体外模拟胃肠混合消化溶液(in vitro simulation of gastric and intestinal mixed digestion solution) C. 供试品溶液(sample solution)

, figureFileSmall=SMRPdA+VDn2o8O3AoCujmg==, figureFileBig=a3KuQhZIugZbAPp6dhyiHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033141482221796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=SEC chromatograms of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition from product A,product B,product C, figureFileSmall=LYYw8ASu3Y2gDztKoXF4TQ==, figureFileBig=70jLY91kOhGgG/WVUBT6kg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033141578690796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同品种(A、B、C)的短肽型肠内营养剂SEC色谱图, figureFileSmall=LYYw8ASu3Y2gDztKoXF4TQ==, figureFileBig=70jLY91kOhGgG/WVUBT6kg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033141746462963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Comparison SEC chromatograms of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition from product A,product B,product C after in vitro simulated digestion, figureFileSmall=QFjWTEM+3hEBlCqdjOVsuQ==, figureFileBig=lbdZTNvqrl0hi1b8UFK7Yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033141838737657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=CN, label=图4, caption=经体外模拟消化后不同品种(A、B、C)的短肽型肠内营养剂SEC对比色谱图

1. 未消化供试品溶液(undigested sample solution) 2. 胃消化供试品溶液(gastric digestion sample solution) 3. 肠消化供试品溶液(intestinal digestion sample solution) 4. 总消化供试品溶液(total digestion sample solution)

, figureFileSmall=QFjWTEM+3hEBlCqdjOVsuQ==, figureFileBig=lbdZTNvqrl0hi1b8UFK7Yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033141905846525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Percentage stacked bar chart of different components in short peptide enteral nutrition formulas from product A,product B,product C, figureFileSmall=bTB2Gy4jLDkwng6lp7fHdA==, figureFileBig=W2o5LIaU7eLzvq40lc8o9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033142010704131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同品种(A、B、C)的短肽型肠内营养剂中不同组分百分堆积柱状图, figureFileSmall=bTB2Gy4jLDkwng6lp7fHdA==, figureFileBig=W2o5LIaU7eLzvq40lc8o9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033142111367431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Comparison bar charts of the relative molecular mass distribution in short enteral nutrition formulas after in vitro simulated digestion from product A, product B, product C, figureFileSmall=pPDGzi54rRj45R+pqxM3Aw==, figureFileBig=ks0+Ag9lX7nEETodem+R4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033142199447820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同品种(A、B、C)的短肽型肠内营养剂经体外模拟消化后相对分子质量分布对比柱状图, figureFileSmall=pPDGzi54rRj45R+pqxM3Aw==, figureFileBig=ks0+Ag9lX7nEETodem+R4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033142287528210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

1.25X electrolyte reserve buffer preparation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
电解质
(electrolyte)
浓度(concentration)/(mmol·L-1
胃电解质储备缓冲液
(SGF stock solution)
1.25X pH=3
肠电解质储备缓冲液
(SIF stock solution)
1.25X pH=7
氯化钾(potassium chloride)6.96.8
磷酸二氢钾(potassium dihydrogen phosphate)0.90.8
碳酸氢钠(sodium bicarbonate)2585
氯化钠(sodium chloride)47.238.4
氯化镁(magnesium chloride)0.120.33
二水合氯化钙(calcium chloride dihydrate)0.190.75
), ArticleFig(id=1241033142363025684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

1.25X电解质储备缓冲液的配制

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
电解质
(electrolyte)
浓度(concentration)/(mmol·L-1
胃电解质储备缓冲液
(SGF stock solution)
1.25X pH=3
肠电解质储备缓冲液
(SIF stock solution)
1.25X pH=7
氯化钾(potassium chloride)6.96.8
磷酸二氢钾(potassium dihydrogen phosphate)0.90.8
碳酸氢钠(sodium bicarbonate)2585
氯化钠(sodium chloride)47.238.4
氯化镁(magnesium chloride)0.120.33
二水合氯化钙(calcium chloride dihydrate)0.190.75
), ArticleFig(id=1241033142459494684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Relationships of retention time with relative molecular mass of reference substances

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
对照品
(reference substance)
保留时间
(retention time)/ min
相对分子质量
(relative molecular mass)Mr
lgMr
细胞色素C(cytochrome C)22.37412 3274.091
牛胰岛素(bovin insulin)24.2835 733.53.758
杆菌肽(bacitracin)27.6951 422.693.153
氧化型谷胱甘肽(oxidized glutathione)29.884612.632.787
甘氨酸-甘氨酸-酪氨酸-精氨酸(glycine-glycine-tyrosine-arginine)30.730451.482.655
还原型谷胱甘肽(reduced glutathione)30.943307.332.488
色氨酸(tryptophan)32.356204.232.310
苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)32.847165.192.218
), ArticleFig(id=1241033142543380770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

对照品的保留时间和相对分子质量的对应关系

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
对照品
(reference substance)
保留时间
(retention time)/ min
相对分子质量
(relative molecular mass)Mr
lgMr
细胞色素C(cytochrome C)22.37412 3274.091
牛胰岛素(bovin insulin)24.2835 733.53.758
杆菌肽(bacitracin)27.6951 422.693.153
氧化型谷胱甘肽(oxidized glutathione)29.884612.632.787
甘氨酸-甘氨酸-酪氨酸-精氨酸(glycine-glycine-tyrosine-arginine)30.730451.482.655
还原型谷胱甘肽(reduced glutathione)30.943307.332.488
色氨酸(tryptophan)32.356204.232.310
苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)32.847165.192.218
), ArticleFig(id=1241033142669209898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Determination of relative molecular mass and distribution of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品
(product)
Mn Mw d相对分子质量分布占比(percentage of relative molecular mass and distribution)/ %
Mr<150 Mr 150~384 Mr 384~1 000 Mr>1 000
A1464022.75318.330.547.83.5
B1694322.55613.834.948.03.3
C45311342.5035.89.149.535.6
), ArticleFig(id=1241033142774067507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

短肽型肠内营养剂相对分子质量及其分布测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品
(product)
Mn Mw d相对分子质量分布占比(percentage of relative molecular mass and distribution)/ %
Mr<150 Mr 150~384 Mr 384~1 000 Mr>1 000
A1464022.75318.330.547.83.5
B1694322.55613.834.948.03.3
C45311342.5035.89.149.535.6
), ArticleFig(id=1241033142857953593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Determination of relative molecular mass and distribution of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition after in vitro simulated digestion

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品
(product)
Mn Mw d消化方式
(digestion pattern)
相对分子质量分布占比
(percentage of relative molecular mass and distribution)/ %
Mr<150 Mr 150~384 Mr 384~1 000 Mr>1 000
A1453992.741未消化(undigested)18.331.846.33.6
1474062.762胃消化(gastric digestion)18.231.347.03.5
1473852.619肠消化(intestinal digestion)18.532.745.73.1
1463972.719总消化(total digestion)18.732.445.93.0
B1714132.415未消化(undigested)14.335.945.93.9
1734152.399胃消化(gastric digestion)14.135.846.43.7
1714072.345肠消化(intestinal digestion)14.536.745.53.3
1704032.371总消化(total digestion)14.935.746.13.3
C479137 82.877未消化(undigested)5.39.645.339.8
472142 63.021胃消化(gastric digestion)5.310.546.038.2
399109 42.742肠消化(intestinal digestion)6.515.449.228.9
400105 92.648总消化(total digestion)6.815.949.028.3
), ArticleFig(id=1241033142958616897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997646438035925, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

经体外模拟消化后短肽型肠内营养剂相对分子质量及其分布测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品
(product)
Mn Mw d消化方式
(digestion pattern)
相对分子质量分布占比
(percentage of relative molecular mass and distribution)/ %
Mr<150 Mr 150~384 Mr 384~1 000 Mr>1 000
A1453992.741未消化(undigested)18.331.846.33.6
1474062.762胃消化(gastric digestion)18.231.347.03.5
1473852.619肠消化(intestinal digestion)18.532.745.73.1
1463972.719总消化(total digestion)18.732.445.93.0
B1714132.415未消化(undigested)14.335.945.93.9
1734152.399胃消化(gastric digestion)14.135.846.43.7
1714072.345肠消化(intestinal digestion)14.536.745.53.3
1704032.371总消化(total digestion)14.935.746.13.3
C479137 82.877未消化(undigested)5.39.645.339.8
472142 63.021胃消化(gastric digestion)5.310.546.038.2
399109 42.742肠消化(intestinal digestion)6.515.449.228.9
400105 92.648总消化(total digestion)6.815.949.028.3
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短肽型肠内营养剂相对分子质量分布及体外消化稳定性的探析**
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郭文琪 1 , 王晗 2 , 王奕涵 2 , 严玲玲 2, ** , 谢智勇 1, **
药物分析杂志 | 生物检定 2025,45(2): 218-227
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药物分析杂志 | 生物检定 2025, 45(2): 218-227
短肽型肠内营养剂相对分子质量分布及体外消化稳定性的探析**
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郭文琪1 , 王晗2, 王奕涵2, 严玲玲2, ** , 谢智勇1, **
作者信息
  • 1.中山大学药学院(深圳),深圳 518107
  • 2.深圳万和制药有限公司,深圳 518107
  • 郭文琪Tel:13602450230;E-mail:

通讯作者:

**谢智勇 Tel:18620761811;E-mail:
严玲玲 Tel:13925262432;E-mail:
Analysis of the relative molecular mass distribution and in vitro digestive stability of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition
Wen–qi GUO1 , Han WANG2, Yi–han WANG2, Ling–ling YAN2, ** , Zhi–yong XIE1, **
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat - sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
  • 2. Shenzhen Wanhe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518107, China
出版时间: 2025-02-28 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0424
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目的:

建立1种结合优化后的Infogest体外消化静态模型的分子排阻色谱(SEC)法,测定短肽型肠内营养剂消化前后相对分子质量分布,对3种不同的短肽型肠内营养剂质量进行考察评估,探讨产品质量特性及消化稳定性,为短肽型肠内营养剂质量控制和临床个体化应用提供指导依据。

方法:

SEC法采用2根ECOSIL SEC G 2000色谱柱(300 mm×7.8 mm, 5 μm)串联,以乙腈-水-三氟乙酸(15:85:0.1)为流动相,流速0.7 mL·min-1,柱温30 ℃,检测波长215 nm,进样量20 μL;体外模拟消化参考并优化Infogest体外消化静态模型,分为模拟胃、肠和胃肠总消化3个阶段,并采用建立的SEC法,对比消化前后相对分子质量分布的变化来评价其体外消化稳定性。

结果:

在相对分子质量为165.19~12 327,8种对照品的相对分子质量对数与保留时间呈良好的线性关系。专属性试验结果显示,空白溶剂、模拟胃肠混合消化溶液对相对分子质量分布测定基本无影响;精密度、重复性、24 h稳定性试验的RSD均<1.0%。各品种短肽型肠内营养剂的相对分子质量主要集中在150~1 000,但不同品种的相对分子质量分布占比存在较大差异。肽组分的水解主要发生在生产阶段,经体外模拟消化后,其相对分子质量分布特性基本保持不变,变化程度主要与产品的原始水解程度相关。

结论:

SEC法结合经优化的Infogest体外消化静态模型,适用于短肽型肠内营养剂经消化前后的相对分子质量分布及消化稳定性研究,此方法操作简便、快捷,有利于该产品质量特性和营养价值的综合性评估。

肠内营养  /  短肽型肠内营养剂  /  分子排阻色谱  /  相对分子质量分布  /  体外消化
Objective:

To establish a method combining size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with an optimized Infogest in vitro static digestion model for determining the relative molecular mass distribution of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition before and after digestion. To evaluate and assess the quality of three different products, to explore product quality characteristics and digestive stability, and to provide guidance for quality control and clinical individualized application of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition.

Methods:

The SEC method was performed using two ECOSIL SEC G 2000 columns (300 mm×7.8 mm, 5 μm) in series, with acetonitrile-water-trifluoroacetic acid(15:8 5:0 .1) as the mobile phase, a flow rate of 0.7 mL·min-1, the column temperature 30 ℃, the detection wavelength 215 nm, and the sample volume 20 μL. The in vitro simulated digestion process referred to and optimized the Infogest in vitro static digestion model, divided into simulated gastric digestion, simulated intestinal digestion, and simulated gastro-intestinal total digestion stages. The established SEC method was used to compare changes in the relative molecular mass distribution before and after digestion to evaluate in vitro digestive stability.

Results:

Within the range of relative molecular mass from 165.19 to 12 327, the logarithms of the relative molecular mass of the 8 reference standards showed good linear relationships with retention time. Specificity tests indicated that blank solvent and the simulated gastric-intestinal digestion solution had minimal impact on the measurement of relative molecular mass distribution. The RSDs for precision, repeatability, and 24 h stability tests were all less than 1.0%. The relative molecular mass of various short peptide enteral nutrition products was mainly concentrated between 150 and 1 000, but there were significant differences in the distribution ratios of relative molecular mass among different products. The hydrolysis of peptide components primarily occurred during the production stage, and after in vitro simulated digestion, their relative molecular mass distribution characteristics remained largely unchanged, with the degree of change mainly related to the original hydrolysis level of the product.

Conclusion:

The SEC method combined with the optimized Infogest model is suitable for studying the molecular mass distribution and digestive stability of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition. The method is straightforward and rapid, facilitating a comprehensive assessment of the products quality characteristics and nutritional value.

enteral nutrition  /  short-peptide-based enteral nutrition  /  size exclusion chromatography  /  relative molecular mass distribution  /  in vitro digestion
郭文琪, 王晗, 王奕涵, 严玲玲, 谢智勇. 短肽型肠内营养剂相对分子质量分布及体外消化稳定性的探析**. 药物分析杂志, 2025 , 45 (2) : 218 -227 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0424
Wen–qi GUO, Han WANG, Yi–han WANG, Ling–ling YAN, Zhi–yong XIE. Analysis of the relative molecular mass distribution and in vitro digestive stability of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2025 , 45 (2) : 218 -227 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0424
营养在机体供能和临床治疗中发挥着关键作用。对于那些无法通过正常进食维持营养摄入的患者,肠内营养(enteral nutrition,EN)作为治疗支持手段,已被用于改善患者的营养状况并促进病情恢复[1]。常见的肠内营养剂根据氮源的不同,分为氨基酸型、短肽型和整蛋白型3类,其中,短肽型肠内营养剂的氮源为相对分子质量不同的蛋白水解物,广泛应用于消化吸收功能障碍患者的临床营养支持治疗[2-3],但目前国内外关于短肽型肠内营养剂及其消化后产物的相对分子质量及其分布的研究鲜有文献报道。
相对分子质量及其分布是评估肽吸收效率与生理活性的重要理化参数之一。研究表明,肽分子的大小与结构影响其在肠道组织内的吸收方式,进而决定其在肠道中的吸收效率及营养价值[4]。二肽、三肽以主动转运的方式通过肠上皮特殊的寡肽转运蛋白(Pep T-1和Pep T-2)被机体直接吸收,并保留了完整的结构与活性[5-6]。大于三肽的短肽在肠道中的吸收效率慢于二肽和三肽,可能与其在肠道中需进一步水解为二肽、三肽后才能被机体吸收有关[7]。吴冬梅等[8]利用大鼠离体小肠模型对多种多肽吸收情况进行研究,发现与大分子量多肽对比,相对分子质量在1 000以内的肽具有较高的吸收效率。此外,肽类物质经摄入后在胃肠道的完整吸收是其在体内发挥生物活性的基础[9]。因此,短肽型肠内营养剂中复杂肽混合物及经消化后产物的相对分子质量及其分布特性,是控制产品质量和评估临床营养价值的关键因素。
分子排阻色谱(size exclusion chromatography, SEC)法基于体积排阻的分离机理,可根据待测物质分子的尺寸大小不同进行分离,是研究高分子物质相对分子质量及其分布的常用方法之一,近年来已被广泛应用于多糖、多肽的研究中[10],具有简便、快速、准确、重复性好的特点[11-12]。体外模拟消化是基于人体体内消化环境和生理过程建立的一种在体外模拟胃肠道消化的方法,是研究营养物质消化特性的主要方式,具有方便快捷,应用广泛等优点[13]。本研究采用SEC法,同时结合Infogest体外消化静态模型[14],分别对短肽型肠内营养剂经体外消化前后相对分子质量分布进行测定,为综合评估短肽型肠内营养剂质量特性、营养价值及消化稳定性提供了创新性的研究思路。
Waters-e2695型液相色谱系统,Waters公司;MS105DU十万分之一电子天平,Mettler Teledo公司;Milli-Q超纯水机,Millipore公司;H1750R离心机,中国湘仪公司;涡旋混合器,Joanlab公司;ZWY-240恒温培养振荡器,上海智城分析仪器制造有限公司。
相对分子质量系列对照品:细胞色素C(Mr =12 327)、牛胰岛素(Mr = 5 733.5)、杆菌肽(Mr =1 422.69)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(Mr = 612.63)、甘氨酸-甘氨酸-酪氨酸-精氨酸(Mr = 451.48)、还原型谷胱甘肽(Mr = 307.33)、色氨酸(Mr = 204.23)、苯丙氨酸(Mr = 165.19),上海源叶生物有限公司;胰蛋白酶(1:250)、胃蛋白酶(1:15 000),上海麦克林生化科技有限公司;牛胆盐(胆酸含量≥70%),上海吉至生化科技有限公司;盐酸为分析纯,西陇化工股份有限公司;磷酸二氢钾、氯化钾、碳酸氢钠、氯化钠、氯化镁、二水合氯化钙、三氟乙酸均为分析纯,上海麦克林生化科技有限公司;乙腈、甲醇均为色谱纯,上海麦克林生化科技有限公司。超纯水由Milli-Q纯水机制备;短肽型肠内营养剂(产品A、B、C)。
采用2根ECOSIL SEC G 2 000(300 mm×7.8 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,串联使用,以乙腈-水-三氟乙酸(15:85:0.1)为流动相,流速0.5 mL·min-1,柱温30 ℃,检测波长215 nm,进样量20 μL。
模拟胃消化液(simulated gastric fluid,SGF)和模拟肠消化液(simulated intestinal fluid,SIF)由电解质储备缓冲液、酶储备溶液(SIF包括牛胆盐溶液)和超纯水组成。其中,SGF与SIF的电解质储备缓冲液浓度均为1.25倍(配方参考Infogest体外消化静态模型,见表1[14],胃蛋白酶储备溶液酶活浓度为30 000 U·mL-1,用胃电解质储备缓冲液配制;胰蛋白酶储备溶液酶活浓度为500 U·mL-1,用肠电解质储备缓冲液配制;牛胆盐储备溶液浓度为40 mg·mL-1,用肠电解质储备缓冲溶液配制。添加酶储备溶液、氯化钙溶液、牛胆盐储备溶液和超纯水后方可得到1×的离子浓度。各模拟消化液具体配制方法如下:SGF溶液由33.3 mL胃电解质储备缓冲液和6.7 mL胃蛋白酶储备溶液,加超纯水稀释至50 mL制得;SIF溶液由13 mL肠电解质储备缓冲液、20 mL胰蛋白酶储备溶液和7 mL牛胆盐溶液,加超纯水稀释至50 mL制得。在整个体系中,胃蛋白酶的酶活浓度为4 000 U·mL-1,胰蛋白酶的酶活浓度为200 U·mL-1,牛胆盐溶液质量浓度为5.6 mg·mL-1。模拟胃肠消化液需经37 ℃水浴后使用,以保证与人体胃肠道环境温度接近。
分别称取细胞色素C、牛胰岛素、杆菌肽、氧化型谷胱甘肽、甘氨酸-甘氨酸-酪氨酸-精氨酸、还原型谷胱甘肽、色氨酸、苯丙氨酸的对照品适量,加流动相溶解配成0.2 mg·mL-1相对分子质量对照品系列溶液,过0.45 μm滤膜备用。
精密称取样品适量,加流动相溶解配成质量浓度为125 mg·mL-1的溶液,12 000 r·min-1条件下离心10 min,取上清液过0.45 μm滤膜备用。
分别取相对分子质量对照品溶液,按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样测定,采用Empower GPC专用软件分析,8种对照品的SEC色谱图以及保留时间、相对分子质量和相对分子质量对数(lgMr)的关系见图1表2
以lgMr对保留时间做图,进行线性回归,得到回归方程:

lgMr = 7.71 - 0.15t - 0.000 527t2  r=0.994 7

说明相对分子质量在165.19~12 327,8种对照品的相对分子质量对数与保留时间呈良好的线性关系。
精密称取无肽组分的样品适量,加流动相溶解并配成质量浓度为125 mg·mL-1的溶液,12 000 r·min-1离心10 min,取上清液过0.45 μm滤膜,即得空白溶剂。取“2.2.1”项下的SGF溶液和SIF溶液,等比例混合,过0.45 μm滤膜,即得体外模拟胃肠混合消化溶液。取空白溶剂、体外模拟胃肠混合消化溶液和供试品溶液,按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样测定,记录色谱图。
短肽型肠内营养剂配方组成较为复杂,除易溶于水相的短肽外,还含有糖类、脂质、矿物质、维生素和微量元素等组分,且短肽型肠内营养剂经体外模拟消化后,其供试品溶液中可能进一步引入胃蛋白酶及胰蛋白酶干扰。基于SEC法的分离原理,这些组分可能会对短肽型肠内营养剂中肽组分的相对分子质量分布测定造成影响。图2表明,在短肽型肠内营养剂肽组分主峰出峰时间内(25~38 min),空白溶剂、体外模拟胃肠混合消化溶液对肽组分的相对分子质量分布测定基本无影响。
取同一批短肽型肠内营养剂供试品溶液(产品A),按“2.1”项下色谱条件连续进样6次测定,记录色谱图,测定保留时间约为30.5 min的主色谱峰保留时间以及峰面积占比,计算其RSD分别为0.020%和0.17%,表明仪器精密度良好。
取同一批短肽型肠内营养剂样品(产品A),按“2.2.3”项下方法平行制备6份供试品溶液,按“2.1”项下色谱条件分别进样,记录色谱图,测定保留时间约为30.5 min的主色谱峰保留时间以及峰面积占比,计算其RSD分别0.020%和0.54%,表明该方法重复性良好。
取同一批短肽型肠内营养剂供试品溶液(产品A),按“2.1”项下色谱条件,在配制后于0、1、4、10、18、20、22、24 h分别进样测定,测定保留时间约为30.5 min的主色谱峰保留时间以及峰面积占比,计算其RSD分别为0.014%和0.24%,表明供试品溶液在24 h内稳定性良好。
精密称取短肽型肠内营养剂样品适量,加流动相溶解配成250 mg·mL-1的溶液,在37 ℃恒温水浴10 min,作为体外消化样品溶液(体外模拟未消化供试品溶液)。
取体外消化样品溶液适量,用1 mol·L-1盐酸调节pH=3后,等比例加入“2.2.1”项下SGF溶液,混匀,于37 ℃恒温摇床上消化水解1.5 h,然后用1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液调节pH=7,终止水解后,于4 ℃,12 000 r·min-1下离心10 min,取上清液,过0.45 μm滤膜备用,作为体外模拟胃消化供试品溶液。
取体外消化样品溶液适量,用1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液调节pH=7后,等比例加入“2.2.1”项下SIF溶液,混匀,于37 ℃恒温摇床上消化水解2 h,沸水浴5 min终止水解,然后于4 ℃,12 000 r·min-1下离心10 min,取上清液,过0.45 μm滤膜备用,作为体外模拟肠消化供试品溶液。
取体外消化样品溶液适量,用1 mol·L-1盐酸调节pH=3后,等比例加入“2.2.1”项下SGF溶液,混匀,于37 ℃恒温摇床上消化水解1.5 h,然后用1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液调节pH=7,终止胃水解,然后再按溶液总体积等比例加入“2.2.1”项下SIF溶液,自“混匀”起,按“2.5.3”项下方法操作,即得体外模拟总消化供试品溶液。
取不同批的短肽型肠内营养剂供试品溶液,分别按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样测定,记录色谱图;采用Empower GPC处理软件分别对上述色谱图进行处理,各供试品重均分子量(Mw)、数均分子量(Mn)、多分散系数dMw / Mn)、相对分子质量及其分布基本情况如图3表3所示。
取不同批短肽型肠内营养剂体外模拟未消化供试品溶液、体外模拟胃消化供试品溶液、体外模拟肠消化供试品溶液、体外模拟总消化供试品溶液,分别按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样测定,记录色谱图,见图4;采用Empower GPC处理软件分别对上述色谱图进行处理,各样品相对分子质量及其分布基本情况如表4所示。
Infogest体外静态模拟消化模型是目前用于研究胃肠道食物消化过程的标准化工具,已在乳制品体外模拟消化研究中得到了广泛的应用[15]。该模型主要包括模拟口腔、胃及肠消化3个阶段,在各阶段中,通过调整所需酶活浓度、温度、消化时间等参数,使其接近于机体胃肠道生理条件,以评估食物的消化特性及营养成分的释放[16]
肠内营养剂主要用于不能通过正常进食维持营养摄入的患者,因此临床上常使用鼻饲或消化道管饲等方式为患者提供机体所需营养物质[17]。此外,肠内营养剂在口服给予营养补充时,通常以固体标准冲调液或混悬液剂型为主,这些剂型在口腔内的停留时间较短,表明经口腔消化对肠内营养剂的整体消化过程影响有限。根据肠内营养剂在临床实践中的应用现状,本研究以Infogest体外模拟静态消化模型为基础进行优化。首先,在体外模拟消化进程方面,省略口腔消化阶段,更侧重于模拟胃消化及肠消化阶段;其次,蛋白质的消化水解能力与消化时间、酶活浓度等参数呈正相关[18]。因此,本研究将胃模拟消化液体系中胃蛋白酶酶活浓度增加为4 000 U·mL-1,肠模拟消化液体系中胰蛋白酶酶活浓度增加为200 U·mL-1,模拟胃消化时间增加为90 min,模拟肠消化时间增加为120 min,其余条件与Infogest体外模拟静态消化模型保持一致。经优化后的模型可用于短肽型肠内营养制剂的体外消化,具有便捷、实用的特点。
短肽型肠内营养剂中的混合肽组分由乳蛋白经特殊酶解工艺制得,酶解后肽的相对分子质量大小与其吸收性能具有密切联系,一般而言,相对分子质量较小的短肽更易被机体吸收利用[19]。有文献研究表明,二肽和三肽无须消化分解即可直接通过肠上皮的肽转运体系被机体完整吸收,迅速进入循环系统发挥生理作用[20]Mr<1 000的肽,即大于三肽的寡肽(四肽-十肽)在肠道的吸收效率较二、三肽低,并可能需进一步水解后才可被机体吸收,而>1 000的多肽无法直接吸收[7-8]。因此,本研究利用SEC法分别对3种不同的短肽型肠内营养剂进行相对分子质量分布测定及分析,在分析时,根据相对分子质量分为4类:Mr<150的游离氨基酸,Mr 150~384的小肽(二肽和三肽),Mr 384~1 000的寡肽(四肽-十肽)和Mr>1 000的多肽,以探究不同相对分子质量的肽组分在产品中的分布特征,评估多种短肽型肠内营养剂在体内发挥生物活性的能力。
多分散系数d常用以表征样品相对分子质量的分散程度,其值越大,表明样品的相对分子质量越分散,当d为1时,说明样品相对分子质量呈单分布状态[12]。如表3所示,不同批次的短肽型肠内营养剂多分散系数d在2.5~2.8,表明产品相对分子质量分布呈较为分散的状态,即产品中肽组分的组成复杂。
短肽型肠内营养剂中小分子量肽组分在产品整体组成中的相对比例,是其具有较高吸收效率的关键因素。如表3图5所示,不同批次的短肽型肠内营养剂中肽组分相对分子质量主要集中在150~1 000,主要是二肽至十肽的寡肽;其中,产品A的占比为78.3%、产品B的占比为82.9%、产品C的占比为58.6%,说明小分子量肽在各产品组成中均占主导地位。因二肽和三肽在消化道吸收过程中具有最高的吸收效率,因此应更为关注Mr 150~384的肽组分(相当于二肽和三肽),其中,产品A的占比为30.5%、产品B的占比为34.9%、产品C的占比为9.1%。此外,产品C中Mr>1 000的十肽以上组分占比为35.6%,显著高于产品A的3.5%和产品B的3.3%。综上,不同品种的短肽型肠内营养剂原始水解程度存在明显差异,产品B水解程度相对较高,产品A次之,产品C最低,水解程度的差异主要体现在产品中小分子量肽,特别是二肽、三肽(Mr150~384)的不同占比上。这些差异可能会影响产品生物利用度、吸收效率和营养价值,进而影响其在临床上的应用效果。
不同批短肽型肠内营养剂经体外模拟消化试验后相对分子质量分布测定结果及变化趋势见表4图6。结果表明,在体外模拟胃消化阶段,产品A、B的相对分子质量分布无明显改变,而产品C中Mr>1 000的肽组分减少,Mr 384~1 000、Mr 150~384的肽组分有所增加,Mr<150的组分则保持稳定,说明胃蛋白酶主要影响产品中少部分Mr>1 000的肽组分,使其进一步分解为相对分子质量更小的肽段。在体外模拟肠消化阶段,不同产品均表现相对分子质量分布占比的显著变化,具体而言,各产品中Mr>1 000的肽组分减少,从而使Mr 384~1 000、Mr 150~384的肽组分增加,Mr<150的组分也有所增长,且变化幅度大于胃消化阶段,说明胰蛋白酶具有更强的分解能力,使产品中部分相对分子质量较大的肽进一步分解为相对分子质量更小的肽段与游离氨基酸。在体外模拟总消化阶段,产品A、B相对分子质量分布的变化表现为Mr>1 000的肽组分减少,Mr 150~384的肽组分增加,其余组分的占比基本保持稳定;产品C相对分子质量分布发生显著变化,其中Mr>1 000的肽组分减少,Mr 384~1 000、Mr 150~384的肽组分增加,Mr<150的组分有小幅度的增长,其变化幅度大于单独胃消化或肠消化阶段。因此,可以推测短肽型肠内营养剂在摄入后的总消化过程中,胃蛋白酶首先将部分Mr>1 000的肽组分消化分解为相对分子质量较小的肽段,进入肠消化阶段后,消化能力较强的胰蛋白酶进一步将少量的肽继续分解为相对分子质量更小的肽段与游离氨基酸,但总体而言,产品中只有极少部分的肽在消化过程中被胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶分解,大部分小分子量肽基本维持其原始相对分子质量分布特性,呈现相当的消化稳定性。通过比较3个产品在不同消化阶段的相对分子质量分布特性,发现产品在消化过程中进一步水解的程度有限,其变化程度或趋势主要取决于产品的原始水解程度。
本研究建立了短肽型肠内营养剂相对分子质量及其分布测定的SEC法,并结合经优化后的Infogest体外模拟静态消化模型,测定并比较了短肽型肠内营养剂经消化前后肽组分相对分子质量分布特性及变化情况。相对分子质量分布测定结果表明,不同企业的短肽型肠内营养剂中肽组分的组成存在差异,主要体现在小分子量肽,特别是二、三肽占比的不同上,这些差异可能会影响产品生物利用度及营养吸收效率。因此,为保证此类型产品的疗效及营养价值,有必要对其肽组分进行相对分子质量分布测定。此外,体外模拟消化研究结果表明,短肽型肠内营养剂中的肽组分具有良好的体外消化稳定性,并且其体外消化稳定性受产品原始水解程度的影响,若原始水解程度高,则产品整体的肽组分相对分子质量分布特性在经消化后可基本保持稳定。提示短肽型肠内营养剂在生产过程中,应严格控制其水解程度,尽量使小分子量肽的原始比例增加,以避免机体消化过程对产品原有的肽组成造成影响,最大程度保证短肽型肠内营养剂在临床治疗中的效果。
本研究建立的SEC法操作简便,成本低,经简单的前处理后即可进样测定短肽型肠内营养剂中复杂肽组分的相对分子质量分布,创新性地将肽相对分子质量分布特性引入短肽型肠内营养剂质量优异的评估中,解决短肽型肠内营养剂中复杂肽组分相对分子质量不明确对临床实际应用的困扰,提供了一种适用于此类型产品相对分子质量分布测定的便捷方法,有利于其产品质量的进一步提高。
  • *广东省肠道微生态制剂企业重点实验室基金项目(2022B1212020004)
  • 深圳市新型口服固体制剂工程研究中心基金项目(XMHT20220104010)
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2025年第45卷第2期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0424
  • 接收时间:2024-06-26
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-02-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-26
基金
*广东省肠道微生态制剂企业重点实验室基金项目(2022B1212020004)
深圳市新型口服固体制剂工程研究中心基金项目(XMHT20220104010)
作者信息
    1.中山大学药学院(深圳),深圳 518107
    2.深圳万和制药有限公司,深圳 518107

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**谢智勇 Tel:18620761811;E-mail:
严玲玲 Tel:13925262432;E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
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genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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