Article(id=1240997645548835019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240997638351409170, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0082, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1706889600000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773806495319, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1740672000000, pubDateStr=2025-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773806495319, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773806495319, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773806495319, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240997638351409170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2025', volume='45', issue='2', pageStart='181', pageEnd='360', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773806493604, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773810140860, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241012936110560131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240997638351409170, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241012936110560132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240997638351409170, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=275, endPage=279, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240997646593216749, articleId=1240997645548835019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Study on the sealing integrity of packaging system for human albumin injection, columnId=1206272757852074373, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Safety Monitoring, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To establish the research method for the sealing integrity of the injection bottle packaging system for human albumin injection.

Methods:

For the injection bottle packaging system of human albumin injection, positive control samples with pore diameter of 1 μm were prepared using a glass micropipette, positive control samples with pore diameter of 2, 5 and 10 μm were prepared using laser drilling. Two deterministic sealing integrity testing methods, vacuum decay method and high-voltage leak detection method were developed and tested.

Results:

The vacuum decay method could not effectively detect the leakage of the packaging system for the human albumin drug preparation due to the blockage of the leakage hole. In contrast, the high voltage leak detection method effectively avoided undetected leakage caused by the blockage of the leakage hole by the liquid medicine. The test voltage was set at 9 kV, with a threshold of 15 W. Method validation demonstrated that the high voltage leak detection method exhibited good repeatability, intermediate precision, accuracy, and durability, with a leakage detection limit of 1 μm.

Conclusion:

The high-voltage leak detection method can serve as an effective means of inspecting the sealing integrity of the injection bottle packaging system for human albumin injection. The procedure is straightforward, and the results are both accurate and reliable, while also being non-destructive to the packaging. This method is well-suited for the sealing integrity inspection of commercial product packaging systems.

, correspAuthors=Kai XU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Peng ZHANG, Wei XIONG, Wen-li LI, Jing ZHANG, Kai XU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240997647067173127, articleId=1240997645548835019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=人血白蛋白注射液包装系统密封完整性研究, columnId=1206272758036623764, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=安全监测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

建立人血白蛋白注射液注射剂瓶包装系统密封完整性的研究方法。

方法:

针对人血白蛋白注射液注射剂瓶包装系统,采用玻璃微量移液管制备了1 μm阳性对照样品,采用激光打孔制备了2、5和10 μm的阳性对照样品。使用真空衰减法和高压放电法2种确定性的密封完整性测试方法进行方法参数开发和测试。

结果:

真空衰减法因人血白蛋白药物制剂堵塞漏孔,不能有效检测出灌装人血白蛋白的注射剂瓶包装阳性对照样品的泄漏;高压放电法可有效避免因药液堵塞漏孔而无法检出泄漏。高压放电法测试电压为9 kV,阈值为15 W,经方法学验证表明,高压放电法具备良好的重复性、中间精密度、准确度和耐用性,泄漏检测限为1 μm。

结论:

高压放电法可作为人血白蛋白注射液注射剂瓶包装系统密封完整性的有效考察手段,操作简单,结果真实可靠,且对包装无损,适合商业化产品的包装系统密封完整性检查。

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*Tel:(0531)82682925;E-mail:
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Tel:(0531)82682915;E-mail:

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Institute of Medical Device and Pharmaceutical Packaging Inspection, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging Materials, Jinan 250101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241033136893654006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, companyId=1241033136876876787, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=山东省医疗器械和药品包装检验研究院 国家药品监督管理局药品包装材料质量控制重点实验室,济南 250101)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241033139762557090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

The list of negative control samples, positive control samples and test samples

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组别
(test group)
样品描述
(sample description)
标称孔径
(nominal diameter)/μm
校准孔径范围
(calibrating diameter range)/μm
样品数量
(sample quantity)/个
N阴性对照样品(negative control sample)//20
V1激光打孔阳性对照样品,空包装系统(laser drilling positive control sample, empty packaging system)22.17~2.275
V2激光打孔阳性对照样品,空包装系统(laser drilling positive control sample, empty packaging system)54.06~5.665
V3激光打孔阳性对照样品,空包装系统(laser drilling positive control sample, empty packaging system)108.72~10.445
P1玻璃微量移液管阳性对照样品,灌装药液(glass micropipette positive control sample, filling liquid medicine)10.93~1.0530
P2激光打孔阳性对照样品,灌装药液(laser drilling positive control sample, filling liquid medicine)21.49~2.8130
P3激光打孔阳性对照样品,灌装药液(laser drilling positive control sample, filling liquid medicine)54.80~5.5030
P4激光打孔阳性对照样品,灌装药液(laser drilling positive control sample, filling liquid medicine)109.59~9.9130
T1测试样品(test sample)//20
T2测试样品(test sample)//20
T3测试样品(test sample)//20
), ArticleFig(id=1241033139842248869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

阴性对照样品、阳性对照样品、测试样品详细清单

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组别
(test group)
样品描述
(sample description)
标称孔径
(nominal diameter)/μm
校准孔径范围
(calibrating diameter range)/μm
样品数量
(sample quantity)/个
N阴性对照样品(negative control sample)//20
V1激光打孔阳性对照样品,空包装系统(laser drilling positive control sample, empty packaging system)22.17~2.275
V2激光打孔阳性对照样品,空包装系统(laser drilling positive control sample, empty packaging system)54.06~5.665
V3激光打孔阳性对照样品,空包装系统(laser drilling positive control sample, empty packaging system)108.72~10.445
P1玻璃微量移液管阳性对照样品,灌装药液(glass micropipette positive control sample, filling liquid medicine)10.93~1.0530
P2激光打孔阳性对照样品,灌装药液(laser drilling positive control sample, filling liquid medicine)21.49~2.8130
P3激光打孔阳性对照样品,灌装药液(laser drilling positive control sample, filling liquid medicine)54.80~5.5030
P4激光打孔阳性对照样品,灌装药液(laser drilling positive control sample, filling liquid medicine)109.59~9.9130
T1测试样品(test sample)//20
T2测试样品(test sample)//20
T3测试样品(test sample)//20
), ArticleFig(id=1241033139963883691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

The test results of positive control samples by vacuum decay method

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组别
(test group)
样品测试总数
(sample test count)/次
参考真空衰减
(reference vacuum decay)/Pa
测试判定
(test decision)
V11551~58Fail
V21553~128Fail
V315293~302Fail
P21532~38Pass
P31530~35Pass
P41532~36Pass
), ArticleFig(id=1241033140081324206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

阳性对照样品真空衰减法测试结果

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组别
(test group)
样品测试总数
(sample test count)/次
参考真空衰减
(reference vacuum decay)/Pa
测试判定
(test decision)
V11551~58Fail
V21553~128Fail
V315293~302Fail
P21532~38Pass
P31530~35Pass
P41532~36Pass
), ArticleFig(id=1241033140207153326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

The test results of parameter development by high voltage leak detection method

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
电压设定
(voltage setting)/ kV
组别
(test group)
测试值
(test values)/ W
阈值设定
(threshold setting)/ W
测试判定
(test decision)
7N8.3~9.512Pass
P18.5~9.4Pass
P28.7~9.6Pass
P315.8~83.6Fail
P416.7~92.4Fail
8N9.8~11.714Pass
P110.3~11.9Pass
P215.6~52.7Fail
P316.4~91.2Fail
P416.6~98.4Fail
), ArticleFig(id=1241033140303622322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

高压放电法参数开发测试结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
电压设定
(voltage setting)/ kV
组别
(test group)
测试值
(test values)/ W
阈值设定
(threshold setting)/ W
测试判定
(test decision)
7N8.3~9.512Pass
P18.5~9.4Pass
P28.7~9.6Pass
P315.8~83.6Fail
P416.7~92.4Fail
8N9.8~11.714Pass
P110.3~11.9Pass
P215.6~52.7Fail
P316.4~91.2Fail
P416.6~98.4Fail
), ArticleFig(id=1241033140395897013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

The test results of positive control samples by high voltage leak detection method (test voltage of 9 kV)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别
(test group)
样品测试总数
(sample test conunt)/ 次
测试值
(test values)/W
测试判定
(test decision)
准确度
(accuracy)/%
P11517.9~55.0Fail100
P21517.8~199.6Fail100
P31520.3~159.2Fail100
P41518.2~105.8Fail100
), ArticleFig(id=1241033140492366009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

阳性对照样品高压放电法(测试电压9 kV)测试结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别
(test group)
样品测试总数
(sample test conunt)/ 次
测试值
(test values)/W
测试判定
(test decision)
准确度
(accuracy)/%
P11517.9~55.0Fail100
P21517.8~199.6Fail100
P31520.3~159.2Fail100
P41518.2~105.8Fail100
), ArticleFig(id=1241033140593029307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

The test results of test samples by high voltage leak detection method

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组别
(test group)
样品测试总数
(sample test count)/ 次
测试值
(test values)/ W
测试判定
(test decision)
T12011.8~13.8Pass
T22012.0~13.9Pass
T32010.0~12.1Pass
), ArticleFig(id=1241033140660138173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997645548835019, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

测试样品高压放电法测试结果

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组别
(test group)
样品测试总数
(sample test count)/ 次
测试值
(test values)/ W
测试判定
(test decision)
T12011.8~13.8Pass
T22012.0~13.9Pass
T32010.0~12.1Pass
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人血白蛋白注射液包装系统密封完整性研究
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张鹏 , 熊巍 , 李文丽 , 张静 , 许凯 *
药物分析杂志 | 安全监测 2025,45(2): 275-279
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药物分析杂志 | 安全监测 2025, 45(2): 275-279
人血白蛋白注射液包装系统密封完整性研究
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张鹏 , 熊巍, 李文丽, 张静, 许凯*
作者信息
  • 山东省医疗器械和药品包装检验研究院 国家药品监督管理局药品包装材料质量控制重点实验室,济南 250101
  • Tel:(0531)82682915;E-mail:

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*Tel:(0531)82682925;E-mail:
Study on the sealing integrity of packaging system for human albumin injection
Peng ZHANG , Wei XIONG, Wen-li LI, Jing ZHANG, Kai XU*
Affiliations
  • Shandong Institute of Medical Device and Pharmaceutical Packaging Inspection, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging Materials, Jinan 250101, China
出版时间: 2025-02-28 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0082
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目的:

建立人血白蛋白注射液注射剂瓶包装系统密封完整性的研究方法。

方法:

针对人血白蛋白注射液注射剂瓶包装系统,采用玻璃微量移液管制备了1 μm阳性对照样品,采用激光打孔制备了2、5和10 μm的阳性对照样品。使用真空衰减法和高压放电法2种确定性的密封完整性测试方法进行方法参数开发和测试。

结果:

真空衰减法因人血白蛋白药物制剂堵塞漏孔,不能有效检测出灌装人血白蛋白的注射剂瓶包装阳性对照样品的泄漏;高压放电法可有效避免因药液堵塞漏孔而无法检出泄漏。高压放电法测试电压为9 kV,阈值为15 W,经方法学验证表明,高压放电法具备良好的重复性、中间精密度、准确度和耐用性,泄漏检测限为1 μm。

结论:

高压放电法可作为人血白蛋白注射液注射剂瓶包装系统密封完整性的有效考察手段,操作简单,结果真实可靠,且对包装无损,适合商业化产品的包装系统密封完整性检查。

高压放电法  /  注射剂瓶包装系统  /  真空衰减法  /  密封完整性  /  人血白蛋白注射液  /  漏孔堵塞  /  检测限
Objective:

To establish the research method for the sealing integrity of the injection bottle packaging system for human albumin injection.

Methods:

For the injection bottle packaging system of human albumin injection, positive control samples with pore diameter of 1 μm were prepared using a glass micropipette, positive control samples with pore diameter of 2, 5 and 10 μm were prepared using laser drilling. Two deterministic sealing integrity testing methods, vacuum decay method and high-voltage leak detection method were developed and tested.

Results:

The vacuum decay method could not effectively detect the leakage of the packaging system for the human albumin drug preparation due to the blockage of the leakage hole. In contrast, the high voltage leak detection method effectively avoided undetected leakage caused by the blockage of the leakage hole by the liquid medicine. The test voltage was set at 9 kV, with a threshold of 15 W. Method validation demonstrated that the high voltage leak detection method exhibited good repeatability, intermediate precision, accuracy, and durability, with a leakage detection limit of 1 μm.

Conclusion:

The high-voltage leak detection method can serve as an effective means of inspecting the sealing integrity of the injection bottle packaging system for human albumin injection. The procedure is straightforward, and the results are both accurate and reliable, while also being non-destructive to the packaging. This method is well-suited for the sealing integrity inspection of commercial product packaging systems.

high voltage leak detection method  /  injection bottle packaging system  /  vacuum decay method  /  sealing integrity  /  human albumin injection  /  leakage blockage  /  detection limit
张鹏, 熊巍, 李文丽, 张静, 许凯. 人血白蛋白注射液包装系统密封完整性研究. 药物分析杂志, 2025 , 45 (2) : 275 -279 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0082
Peng ZHANG, Wei XIONG, Wen-li LI, Jing ZHANG, Kai XU. Study on the sealing integrity of packaging system for human albumin injection[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2025 , 45 (2) : 275 -279 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0082
药品包装系统在产品研发、生产、贮存、使用的整个生命周期中,都应保持密封完整性[1-3]。一旦药品包装系统发生泄漏,可能导致微生物侵入或外部液体和固体物质的侵入,从而给药品使用者的安全造成隐患[4-5]。国外曾发生因包装完整性受损导致约10%的用药患者死亡的案例[6],因此,包装密封完整性是保障药品质量和安全的重要因素[7]。国家药品监督管理局药品审评中心于2020年5月发布的《化学药品注射剂仿制药质量和疗效一致性评价技术要求》[8]指出,在生产工艺验证和稳定性研究中,均应进行包装密封完整性验证。2020年10月发布的《化学药品注射剂包装系统密封完整性研究技术指南(试行)》[9]则详细阐述了注射剂包装密封性检查方法的选择和验证,为现阶段密封完整性考察提供了指导。国家药典委员会已立项制定《无菌药品包装系统密封性研究指导原则》,目前已开始公开征求意见,此举将为国内的密封完整性研究提供指导[10]
真空衰减法和高压放电法都是目前应用最广泛的对包装密封完整性无损测试的确定性方法。真空衰减法是将待测样品放入适宜的测试腔体内,施加一定的负压,通过监测真空度的衰减程度或速度来判断样品密封是否完好[11];高压放电法(也称为电导率和电容泄漏测试法)则是将样品全部或部分暴露在高频、高电压、低电流的环境下,若导电液体制剂的包装存在泄漏路径,将会导致测试电阻/电容下降(电流上升),通过比较样品的电流峰值与泄漏阈值,可以判定包装系统是否存在泄漏[12-14]
本研究以2 mL中硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶、Φ13 mm溴化丁基橡胶塞和铝塑组合盖组成包装系统的人血白蛋白注射液为研究样品,借助真空衰减法和高压放电法2种确定性测试方法进行密封完整性方法的开发并进行方法学验证,建立了适用于人血白蛋白注射液注射剂瓶包装系统的密封完整性测试方法。
VeriPac 455型真空衰减泄漏检测仪(PTI公司);SPAX-HV型高压放电法检漏仪(上海奇宜仪器设备有限公司)。
在生产工艺条件下灌装人血白蛋白注射液并轧盖,制备无已知缺陷的样品作为阴性对照样品。
采用激光打孔制备阳性对照样品,标称孔径分别为2、5和10 μm,并通过气体流量法进行孔径校准;采用玻璃微量移液管制备阳性样品,标称孔径为1 μm,并通过显微镜法进行校准。玻璃微滴管和激光打孔制备的漏孔均在注射剂瓶身的装液部位制作。
3个不同批次的人血白蛋白注射液包装系统。阴性对照样品、阳性对照样品、测试样品详细清单如表1所示。
针对研究样品选取适宜的测试腔体,经过参数开发和验证,真空衰减法主要测试参数设置如下:Cycle 1的平衡时间和测试时间为1 s;Cycle 2的抽真空时间为12 s,平衡时间为12 s,测试时间为15 s。
使用组别N的阴性对照样品20只,按“2.1.1”项下参数进行测试,每个样品测试3次,60次真空衰减测试的平均值为30.2 Pa,标准偏差为4.77 Pa。泄漏阈值取所有阴性对照样品测试平均值与其3倍标准偏差之和[15-17],设定为45 Pa。若测试结果<45 Pa,判定为Pass;若测试结果≥45 Pa,判定为Fail。
使用组别V1~V3、P2~P4的阳性对照样品,按“2.1.1”项下参数进行测试,每个样品测试3次,结果如表2所示。
表2可以看出:对于标称孔径分别为2、5和10 μm的V1~V3空包装系统阳性对照样品,采用真空衰减法的测试值均大于预先设定的泄漏阈值,判定为Fail,正确率为100%,能够很好地与阴性对照样品区分;对于灌装人血白蛋白注射液的阳性对照样品P2~P4,测试数值均小于预先设定的泄漏阈值,判定为Pass,正确率为0%。由此可见,真空衰减法不能有效检测出人血白蛋白注射液的阳性对照样品包装系统泄漏。
注射剂瓶包装系统的瓶口胶塞和铝盖位置受生产工艺控制影响发生泄漏的可能性较大,是影响包装密封完整性的关键部位[18],测试过程中程序设定需确保仪器的测试电极可检测到该处的泄漏风险。高压放电法测试时,样品表面需保持干燥,避免测试时电极间发生短路。对同一样品重复测试时,为消除残余电荷对测试结果的影响,将样品从检查区域移开且放置时间不少于5 min。
采用试验仪器配套的样品旋转定位装置和移动电极,调整电极位置使电极旋转时电压可覆盖整个测试样品。将组别N的阴性对照样品和组别P1~P4的阳性对照样品依次放入仪器检查区域,起始电压设定为7 kV,电极移动速度为25 mm·s-1,测试过程中会产生连续的功率数据,取功率最大值,参数开发测试结果如表3所示。测试电压为7 kV时,P1和P2 2组阳性对照样品判定为Pass,未检出泄漏;提高测试电压至8 kV,P1组阳性对照样品判定为Pass,未检出泄漏。
当测试电压设定为9 kV时,对组别N的阴性对照样品连续3 d进行测试,60次测试的平均值为12.4 W,标准偏差0.74 W。泄漏阈值同样取所有阴性对照样品测试平均值与其3倍标准偏差之和,设定为15 W。当测试结果<15 W时,判定为Pass;测试结果≥15 W时,判定为Fail。使用组别P1~P4的阳性对照样品,采用已开发的测试参数连续3 d重复3次测试,P1~P4阳性对照样品均能正确检出泄漏,测试结果见表4。综上,确定本研究测试电压为9 kV。
检测限是检测方法能够检出的最小泄漏孔径,检测限验证要求为阴性对照样品全部测试Pass,预期确定检测限的阳性对照样品全部Fail。从表4中不同泄漏孔径的阳性对照样品的测试结果看,阴性对照样品均判定为Pass,阳性对照用样品均判定为Fail,均能正确检出,检测限为1 μm,
准确度是指正确区分泄漏超过声称检测限的包装系统与泄漏低于此限度的包装系统的能力[3,12,17]表4中1 μm的阳性对照样品P1测试值与阴性对照样品测试结果能够100%完全正确区分,证明方法准确度良好。
表4中不同泄漏孔径的阳性对照样品的测试结果看,高压放电法测试的定量数据与泄漏孔径之间无线性关系且测试数据具有较大波动性,故精密度验证采用阴性对照样品进行。2名测试人员对每个阴性对照样品每天测量1次,总共测量3 d,计算重复性及中间精密度。2名测试人员重复性测试的RSD分别为5.9%和4.6%,中间精密度的RSD为5.3%。
将测试电压进行±0.1 kV的微调,验证测试电压9 kV的耐用性,对阴性对照样品N和阳性对照样品P1~P4进行泄漏测试。经验证,电压为8.9 kV和9.1 kV时,阴性对照样品和阳性对照样品均能100%正确判定,证明参数耐用性良好。
使用经方法学验证的高压放电测试方法对组别为T1~T3的3批不同批号的人血白蛋白注射液包装系统样品分别进行测试,结果如表5所示。测试结果均判定为Pass,表明所有测试样品均无超过1 μm的漏孔。
采用真空衰减法进行密封完整性检测研究时发现,空包装系统阳性对照样品作为对照可以检出泄漏但灌装药液的阳性对照样品未检出泄漏,证明是由于药液制剂原因导致无法检测泄漏。究其原因,人血白蛋白作为一种大分子蛋白类生物制剂,按照ASTM F2338中给出的真空衰减法测试原理[19],测试过程中对测试腔体抽真空并保持高真空度,在真空压力作用下大分子蛋白质向泄漏孔径移动,真空度低于包装系统内液体的汽化压时会导致泄漏通道内或附近的液体挥发,大分子蛋白质在漏孔附近集聚从而堵塞漏孔,造成假阴性的测试结果,故真空衰减法不能有效检测出灌装人血白蛋白注射液的阳性对照样品泄漏[1,6,15,20-21]
采用高压放电法对注射剂瓶包装系统的人血白蛋白注射液进行测试,注射剂瓶包装系统的导电性低于内部药液的导电性,对于无泄漏的样品测试产生较低的电流,当包装有泄漏且药液处于漏孔附近或填充在漏孔中时,对样品施加高电压,包装的电阻值降低且通过的电流会大幅增加,当电流增加到一定程度超过泄漏阈值时提示包装泄漏。本研究检测限为1 μm,达到《化学药品注射剂包装系统密封型研究技术指南(试行)》中的高压放电法3级检测限,高于指南中包装系统密封性检测常用的微生物挑战法和色水法等概率性方法的4级检测限。
高压放电法有效避免了药物堵塞漏孔导致泄漏无法检出情况,通过对人血白蛋白注射液注射剂瓶包装系统测试样品进行检测,高压放电法检测灵敏度高且测试速度快,可作为蛋白类大分子生物制剂包装系统密封完整性的有效考察手段,操作简单,结果真实可靠,且对包装无损,适合商业化产品的包装系统密封完整性检查。
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0082
  • 接收时间:2024-02-03
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-02-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-03
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    山东省医疗器械和药品包装检验研究院 国家药品监督管理局药品包装材料质量控制重点实验室,济南 250101

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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