Article(id=1240997640440181044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240997638351409170, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0660, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=1734451200000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-18, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773806494102, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1740672000000, pubDateStr=2025-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773806494102, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773806494102, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773806494102, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240997638351409170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2025', volume='45', issue='2', pageStart='181', pageEnd='360', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773806493604, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773810140860, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241012936110560131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240997638351409170, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241012936110560132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240997638351409170, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=209, endPage=217, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240997641618780472, articleId=1240997640440181044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Determination of cGMP levels in T84 cells co-incubated with linaclotide by LC-MS/MS method, columnId=1206272756979659107, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Bioassay, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To establish a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for determining the concentration of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in lysates of human colon adenocarcinoma lung metastasis cells (T84 cells) after co-incubation with linaclotide.

Methods:

A Kromasil 100-5-C18 column (150 mm×2.1 mm, 5 μm) was used with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in methanol, employing a gradient elution at a column temperature of 50 ℃. The detection was performed using an electrospray ionization (ESI-) source and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, with the monitored ion transitions for cGMP and the internal standard 8-Br-cGMP being m/z 344.20 → 150.00 and m/z 423.90 → 230.00, respectively.

Results:

The linear ranges for cGMP were 1 to 500 ng·mL-1 (r≥ 0.999). The method demonstrated precision, accuracy, matrix effects, and extraction recovery rates that met analytical requirements. The method was successfully applied to accurately detect cGMP levels in cells after administration of two types of linaclotide capsule formulations. A significant concentration-dependent change in cGMP levels was observed after co-incubation of linaclotide with T84 cells for 30 min, with EC50 values of 167.6 and 112.1 nmol·L-1 for the reference and test formulations, respectively.

Conclusion:

The method established in this study demonstrates excellent selectivity and accuracy, effectively quantifying cGMP levels in lysates of human colon adenocarcinoma lung metastasis cells, providing a reliable analytical tool for related pharmacological research.

, correspAuthors=Zhi-ru XU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zong-wu ZANG, Xin BAI, Hong QIAN, Min-yu LIU, Zhen-ya YANG, Zhi-ru XU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240997642805768527, articleId=1240997640440181044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=基于LC-MS/MS法测定与利那洛肽共孵育后T84细胞中cGMP水平, columnId=1206272757600416118, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=生物检定, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

建立液相色谱-串联质谱法测定与利那洛肽共孵育后人结肠腺癌肺转移细胞(T84细胞)裂解液中环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)的浓度。

方法:

采用Kromasil 100-5-C18(150 mm×2.1 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,柱温50 ℃;采用电喷雾离子源(ESI-)和多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,cGMP和内标8-Br-cGMP检测离子通道分别为m/z 344.20 → 150.00和m/z 423.90 → 230.00。

结果:

cGMP线性范围为1~500 ng·mL-1r ≥ 0.999),方法精密度、准确度、基质效应、提取回收率均符合分析要求,使用该方法准确检测了2种利那洛肽胶囊制剂溶液给药后细胞中cGMP水平。利那洛肽与T84细胞孵育30 min后,cGMP水平发生显著的浓度依赖性变化,参比制剂及受试制剂的EC50值分别为167.6、112.1 nmol·L-1

结论:

本研究所建立的方法具有优异的选择性和准确性,能够有效定量人结肠腺癌肺转移细胞裂解液中的cGMP水平,为相关药理学研究提供了一种可靠的分析工具。

, correspAuthors=徐智儒, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*Tel:13761629745;E-mail:
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臧宗武Tel:13636381947;E-mail:

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2.上海医药工业研究院,先导物成药性研究全国重点实验室,上海 200437
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biomarkers of Yin-Yang disharmony in traditional Chinese medicine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241033148184711716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=35, issue=6, pageStart=1022, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=17, authorNames=杨云菲, 于瑞莲, 徐开成, journalName=药物分析杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨云菲,于瑞莲,徐开成,等.LC-MS/MS法同时测定大鼠血浆中cAMP和cGMP浓度的研究[J].药物分析杂志201535(6):1022, articleTitle=LC-MS/MS法同时测定大鼠血浆中cAMP和cGMP浓度的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241033148297957929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=35, issue=6, pageStart=1022, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=18, authorNames=YANG YF, YU RL, XU KC, journalName=Chin J Pharm Anal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG YFYU RLXU KC,et al.Study on simultaneous determination of cAMP and cGMP in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS[J].Chin J Pharm Anal201535(6):1022, articleTitle=Study on simultaneous determination of cAMP and cGMP in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241033148390232618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=909, issue=null, pageStart=14, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=19, authorNames=VAN DAMME T, ZHANG Y, LYNEN F, journalName=J Chromatogr, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VAN DAMME TZHANG YLYNEN F,et al.Determination of cyclic guanosine-and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cGMP and cAMP)in human plasma and animal tissues by solid phase extraction on silica and liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry[J].J Chromatogr2012909:14, articleTitle=Determination of cyclic guanosine-and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cGMP and cAMP)in human plasma and animal tissues by solid phase extraction on silica and liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241033148469924399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=203, issue=2, pageStart=338, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=20, authorNames=OECKL P, FERGER B, journalName=J Neurosci Methods, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OECKL PFERGER B.Simultaneous LC-MS/MS analysis of the biomarkers cAMP and cGMP in plasma,CSF and brain tissue[J].J Neurosci Methods2012203(2):338, articleTitle=Simultaneous LC-MS/MS analysis of the biomarkers cAMP and cGMP in plasma,CSF and brain tissue, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241033148553810484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=649, issue=1-3, pageStart=328, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=21, authorNames=BUSBY RW, BRYANT AP, BARTOLINI WP, journalName=Eur J Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BUSBY RWBRYANT APBARTOLINI WP,et al.Linaclotide,through activation of guanylate cyclase C,acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract to elicit enhanced intestinal secretion and transit[J].Eur J Pharmacol2010649(1-3):328, articleTitle=Linaclotide,through activation of guanylate cyclase C,acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract to elicit enhanced intestinal secretion and transit, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241033141276692684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241033141280886989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, companyId=1241033141276692684, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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A.空白细胞裂解液样品(negative control of cell lysate sample) B.仅含内标0.048 μg·mL-1细胞裂解液样品(contains only internal standard 0.048 μg·mL-1 cell lysate sample) C.最低定量限浓度9.5×10-4 μg·mL-1待测物细胞裂解液样品(the minimum quantification limit concentration was 9.5×10-4 μg·mL-1 for the cell lysate sample of the test substance) D.仅含定量上限0.48 μg·mL-1待测物浓度样品(only containing a sample with a quantitative upper limit of 0.48 μg·mL-1 of the analyte concentration) E.实际待测样品(actual sample to be tested)

, figureFileSmall=sPwzEdzMpciYZNLNWEB/FA==, figureFileBig=Tf7418MXBnEFdFZ0FfgurA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033145160618415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=The impact of linaclotide at different concentrations on T84 cell viability, figureFileSmall=e3d4EjpJXsb5SbHcwuKhJg==, figureFileBig=F6Yv8ul3KMJ9wAW5ELH1bQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033145265476018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同浓度利那洛肽对T84细胞活力的影响, figureFileSmall=e3d4EjpJXsb5SbHcwuKhJg==, figureFileBig=F6Yv8ul3KMJ9wAW5ELH1bQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033145366139315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Non-linear fitting graph of the effect of different concentrations of linaclotide on the cGMP activation in T84 cells, figureFileSmall=xz2gRl9fPAkEEce1Swf5Tg==, figureFileBig=bhJPktvnP86M7AlaWwgJTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033145466802616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同浓度药物对T84细胞cGMP激动作用的非线性拟合图, figureFileSmall=xz2gRl9fPAkEEce1Swf5Tg==, figureFileBig=bhJPktvnP86M7AlaWwgJTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241033145575854524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Results of intra-precision and intra-accuracy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理论浓度
(theoretical concentration)/(ng·mL-1
批内精密度准确度-1
(intra-precision and intra-accuracy-1)
批内精密度准确度-2
(intra-precision and intra-accuracy-2)
批内精密度准确度-3
(intra-precision and intra-accuracy-3)
实测值
(determined)±SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/ %
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
实测值
(determined)±SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/ %
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
实测值
(determined)±SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/ %
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
11.04±0.065.7 104.00 1.00±0.1211.5 100.2 1.06±0.043.8 105.8
22.06±0.157.2 103.2 2.03±0.062.9 101.6 2.16±0.178.0 107.9
3029.93±0.953.2 99.829.43±0.752.6 98.131.55±1.384.4 105.2
400405.44±12.763.2 101.4 407.03±5.231.3 101.8 428.26±13.013.0 107.1
), ArticleFig(id=1241033145710072258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

批内准确度、精密度试验结果(n=5)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理论浓度
(theoretical concentration)/(ng·mL-1
批内精密度准确度-1
(intra-precision and intra-accuracy-1)
批内精密度准确度-2
(intra-precision and intra-accuracy-2)
批内精密度准确度-3
(intra-precision and intra-accuracy-3)
实测值
(determined)±SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/ %
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
实测值
(determined)±SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/ %
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
实测值
(determined)±SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/ %
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
11.04±0.065.7 104.00 1.00±0.1211.5 100.2 1.06±0.043.8 105.8
22.06±0.157.2 103.2 2.03±0.062.9 101.6 2.16±0.178.0 107.9
3029.93±0.953.2 99.829.43±0.752.6 98.131.55±1.384.4 105.2
400405.44±12.763.2 101.4 407.03±5.231.3 101.8 428.26±13.013.0 107.1
), ArticleFig(id=1241033145827512772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Results of inter-precision and inter-accuracy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理论浓度
(theoretical concentration)/(ng·mL-1
实测值
(determined)±SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/ %
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
11.03±0.087.4 103.3
22.08±0.146.6 104.2
3030.30±1.364.5 101.0
400413.57±14.793.6 103.4
), ArticleFig(id=1241033145903010248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

批间准确度精密度实验结果(n=15)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
理论浓度
(theoretical concentration)/(ng·mL-1
实测值
(determined)±SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/ %
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
11.03±0.087.4 103.3
22.08±0.146.6 104.2
3030.30±1.364.5 101.0
400413.57±14.793.6 103.4
), ArticleFig(id=1241033145986896329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Matrix effect results of cGMP in T84 cell lysate

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基质编号
(matrix number)
样品
(sample)
浓度(concentration)/(ng·mL-1平均(mean)/(ng·mL-1SD精密度(precision)RSD/ %准确度(accuracy)/%
1LQC2.232.102.272.200.094.0110.0
HQC427.95415.77407.70417.1410.192.4104.3
2LQC2.202.241.992.140.136.3107.2
HQC400.63431.14407.21412.9916.063.9103.2
3LQC2.061.722.312.030.3014.6101.5
HQC428.25390.95415.35411.5218.944.6102.9
4LQC2.212.262.222.230.031.2111.5
HQC488.02428.33424.22446.8635.718.0111.7
5LQC2.412.232.132.260.146.3112.8
HQC409.77429.80431.42423.6612.062.8105.9
6LQC2.232.242.222.230.010.4111.5
HQC409.93421.59421.51417.686.711.6104.4
), ArticleFig(id=1241033146058199500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

T84细胞裂解液中cGMP测定的基质效应结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基质编号
(matrix number)
样品
(sample)
浓度(concentration)/(ng·mL-1平均(mean)/(ng·mL-1SD精密度(precision)RSD/ %准确度(accuracy)/%
1LQC2.232.102.272.200.094.0110.0
HQC427.95415.77407.70417.1410.192.4104.3
2LQC2.202.241.992.140.136.3107.2
HQC400.63431.14407.21412.9916.063.9103.2
3LQC2.061.722.312.030.3014.6101.5
HQC428.25390.95415.35411.5218.944.6102.9
4LQC2.212.262.222.230.031.2111.5
HQC488.02428.33424.22446.8635.718.0111.7
5LQC2.412.232.132.260.146.3112.8
HQC409.77429.80431.42423.6612.062.8105.9
6LQC2.232.242.222.230.010.4111.5
HQC409.93421.59421.51417.686.711.6104.4
), ArticleFig(id=1241033146175640017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Results of cGMP stability in T84 cell lysate samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
稳定性试验
(stability test item)
实测值
(determined)± SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/%
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
LQCHQCLQCHQCLQCHQC
处理前室温放置4 h(4 hours at room temperature before processing)2.16±0.23394.32±27.0810.66.9108.098.6
冻融循环2次(freeze - thaw two cycles)2.08±0.11393.22±8.415.52.1103.998.3
-80 ℃冻存6 d(storage at -80 ℃ for 6 d)2.22±0.08428.48±16.303.53.8111.0107.1
处理后进样器放置40 h(after sample processing, place it in the sampler for 40 h)2.17±0.20415.66±14.607.03.5108.7103.9
), ArticleFig(id=1241033146276303316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

T84细胞裂解液样品中cGMP稳定性实验结果(mean ± SD)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
稳定性试验
(stability test item)
实测值
(determined)± SD/(ng·mL-1
精密度
(precision)RSD/%
准确度
(accuracy)/ %
LQCHQCLQCHQCLQCHQC
处理前室温放置4 h(4 hours at room temperature before processing)2.16±0.23394.32±27.0810.66.9108.098.6
冻融循环2次(freeze - thaw two cycles)2.08±0.11393.22±8.415.52.1103.998.3
-80 ℃冻存6 d(storage at -80 ℃ for 6 d)2.22±0.08428.48±16.303.53.8111.0107.1
处理后进样器放置40 h(after sample processing, place it in the sampler for 40 h)2.17±0.20415.66±14.607.03.5108.7103.9
), ArticleFig(id=1241033146368578012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

cGMP concentration in T84 cell lysate after administration of two kinds of linaclotide capsules

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
给药剂量
(dosage)/(nmol·L-1
裂解液中cGMP浓度
(cGMP concentration in lysate)/(ng·mL-1
221201W054136
53.91±0.153.49±0.35
2518.67±0.6314.58±0.78
5035.48±3.3535.39±1.69
10055.92±3.2248.41±2.44
20083.56±8.1260.12±4.52
50098.16±15.8085.24±1.61
5 000127.29±8.49123.75±2.66
10 000131.62±7.72113.52±6.20
20 000106.05±3.44117.93±15.76
), ArticleFig(id=1241033146473435616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240997640440181044, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

2种制剂利那洛肽给药后T84细胞裂解液中cGMP浓度(mean ± SD,n = 3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
给药剂量
(dosage)/(nmol·L-1
裂解液中cGMP浓度
(cGMP concentration in lysate)/(ng·mL-1
221201W054136
53.91±0.153.49±0.35
2518.67±0.6314.58±0.78
5035.48±3.3535.39±1.69
10055.92±3.2248.41±2.44
20083.56±8.1260.12±4.52
50098.16±15.8085.24±1.61
5 000127.29±8.49123.75±2.66
10 000131.62±7.72113.52±6.20
20 000106.05±3.44117.93±15.76
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基于LC-MS/MS法测定与利那洛肽共孵育后T84细胞中cGMP水平
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臧宗武 1, 2, 3 , 白鑫 1, 2, 3 , 钱红 1, 2, 3 , 刘珉宇 1, 2, 3 , 杨振亚 4 , 徐智儒 1, 2, 3, *
药物分析杂志 | 生物检定 2025,45(2): 209-217
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药物分析杂志 | 生物检定 2025, 45(2): 209-217
基于LC-MS/MS法测定与利那洛肽共孵育后T84细胞中cGMP水平
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臧宗武1, 2, 3 , 白鑫1, 2, 3, 钱红1, 2, 3, 刘珉宇1, 2, 3, 杨振亚4, 徐智儒1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1.中国医药工业研究总院,上海 201203
  • 2.上海医药工业研究院,先导物成药性研究全国重点实验室,上海 200437
  • 3.上海市生物物质成药性评价专业技术服务中心,上海 200437
  • 4.苏州天马医药集团天吉生物制药有限公司,苏州 215000
  • 臧宗武Tel:13636381947;E-mail:

通讯作者:

*Tel:13761629745;E-mail:
Determination of cGMP levels in T84 cells co-incubated with linaclotide by LC-MS/MS method
Zong-wu ZANG1, 2, 3 , Xin BAI1, 2, 3, Hong QIAN1, 2, 3, Min-yu LIU1, 2, 3, Zhen-ya YANG4, Zhi-ru XU1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1. China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
  • 2. National Key Laboratory of Lead Druggability, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
  • 3. Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Druggability Evaluation, Shanghai 200437, China
  • 4. Suzhou Tianma Pharmaceutical Group Tianji biopharmaceutical, Suzhou 215000, China
出版时间: 2025-02-28 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0660
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目的:

建立液相色谱-串联质谱法测定与利那洛肽共孵育后人结肠腺癌肺转移细胞(T84细胞)裂解液中环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)的浓度。

方法:

采用Kromasil 100-5-C18(150 mm×2.1 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,柱温50 ℃;采用电喷雾离子源(ESI-)和多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,cGMP和内标8-Br-cGMP检测离子通道分别为m/z 344.20 → 150.00和m/z 423.90 → 230.00。

结果:

cGMP线性范围为1~500 ng·mL-1r ≥ 0.999),方法精密度、准确度、基质效应、提取回收率均符合分析要求,使用该方法准确检测了2种利那洛肽胶囊制剂溶液给药后细胞中cGMP水平。利那洛肽与T84细胞孵育30 min后,cGMP水平发生显著的浓度依赖性变化,参比制剂及受试制剂的EC50值分别为167.6、112.1 nmol·L-1

结论:

本研究所建立的方法具有优异的选择性和准确性,能够有效定量人结肠腺癌肺转移细胞裂解液中的cGMP水平,为相关药理学研究提供了一种可靠的分析工具。

液相色谱-串联质谱  /  环磷酸鸟苷  /  细胞裂解液  /  利那洛肽
Objective:

To establish a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for determining the concentration of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in lysates of human colon adenocarcinoma lung metastasis cells (T84 cells) after co-incubation with linaclotide.

Methods:

A Kromasil 100-5-C18 column (150 mm×2.1 mm, 5 μm) was used with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in methanol, employing a gradient elution at a column temperature of 50 ℃. The detection was performed using an electrospray ionization (ESI-) source and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, with the monitored ion transitions for cGMP and the internal standard 8-Br-cGMP being m/z 344.20 → 150.00 and m/z 423.90 → 230.00, respectively.

Results:

The linear ranges for cGMP were 1 to 500 ng·mL-1 (r≥ 0.999). The method demonstrated precision, accuracy, matrix effects, and extraction recovery rates that met analytical requirements. The method was successfully applied to accurately detect cGMP levels in cells after administration of two types of linaclotide capsule formulations. A significant concentration-dependent change in cGMP levels was observed after co-incubation of linaclotide with T84 cells for 30 min, with EC50 values of 167.6 and 112.1 nmol·L-1 for the reference and test formulations, respectively.

Conclusion:

The method established in this study demonstrates excellent selectivity and accuracy, effectively quantifying cGMP levels in lysates of human colon adenocarcinoma lung metastasis cells, providing a reliable analytical tool for related pharmacological research.

liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry  /  cyclic guanosine monophosphate  /  cell lysate  /  linaclotide
臧宗武, 白鑫, 钱红, 刘珉宇, 杨振亚, 徐智儒. 基于LC-MS/MS法测定与利那洛肽共孵育后T84细胞中cGMP水平. 药物分析杂志, 2025 , 45 (2) : 209 -217 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0660
Zong-wu ZANG, Xin BAI, Hong QIAN, Min-yu LIU, Zhen-ya YANG, Zhi-ru XU. Determination of cGMP levels in T84 cells co-incubated with linaclotide by LC-MS/MS method[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2025 , 45 (2) : 209 -217 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0660
环磷酸鸟苷(cyclic guanosine monophosphate,cGMP),是在动物体内发挥信号传导作用的第二信使,主要是鸟苷酸环化酶(guanylate cyclase,GC)分解三磷酸鸟苷(guanosine triphosphate,GTP)得到的产物,可被磷酸二酯酶(phosphodiesterase,PDE)降解,其驱动的蛋白激酶、离子通道以及磷酸二酯酶激活可引起多种生理反应[1]。目前已有研究表明,cGMP信号系统是逆转阿尔茨海默病模型中突触可塑性损伤和记忆缺陷的药理学靶标[2]。cGMP信号通路不仅调节心血管[3]、肾脏[4]、肺[5]、肝和脑功能[6],还参与纤维化[7]、炎症[8]及神经性病变[2]的发病机制,也可能在疟疾等传染病中发挥作用[9]
鸟苷酸环化酶C(GC-C)是1种主要表达于肠上皮细胞的受体,与配体结合可以促进细胞分泌cGMP,而cGMP信号系统是调节肠道上皮体液及离子转运的重要因素之一。肠细胞内cGMP含量升高,抑制钠氢交换蛋白3(NHE 3),从而抑制Na+/H+交换,限制小肠与结肠中H+分泌和Na+吸收,使Na+保留在肠腔内,导致管腔液潴留[10]。另一方面,cGMP水平升高会刺激囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节剂(CFTR)通道,激活Cl-和HCO3-的分泌,从而升高肠腔内的渗透压,导致水进入肠腔[10-11]。利那洛肽是高亲和力的GC-C激动剂,能够激活结肠上皮细胞上的GC-C,升高cGMP水平,增加液体分泌,减少内脏超敏反应,导致胃肠道转运加速[12],影响肠道水分吸收,促进粪便湿润,是治疗便秘的有效药物,美国FDA批准该药用于治疗肠易激综合征伴便秘(IBS-C)和慢性特发性便秘(CIC)。
目前,细胞、组织、血浆中cGMP水平检测方法最常见的是酶联免疫分析法(ELISA法),采用ELISA试剂盒进行检测[13],该方法虽然灵敏度较高,但操作复杂,整个试验流程耗时2 d,且可能存在假阳性结果,检测结果可靠性较差;其次为放射性免疫测定法[14],该方法使用的核素具有放射性危害,操作有一定的环境和人员要求,且示踪剂125I半衰期相对较短,使用有效期不长。近年来,也有不少学者使用液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS法)测定cGMP含量[15],但大多是对血浆及组织中cGMP含量的检测,未见细胞基质中相关质谱检测方法的报道。本研究成功建立了1种高效、准确的LC-MS/MS法,用于测定人结肠腺癌肺转移细胞(T84细胞)裂解液中cGMP的含量,并通过方法学验证,确保了其可靠性。该方法为体外细胞实验中cGMP的定量分析提供了一种稳健的技术手段,同时结合体外实验结果,为相关药物的体外药效验证和研发工作提供了重要的数据支持。
Triple Quad 5500液质联用仪(AB Sciex公司),液相色谱为ExionUHPLC/HPLC系统(岛津公司),UltiMate 3000高效液相色谱仪(赛默飞世尔科技公司),XP105DR/A分析天平(精度0.01 mg,Mettler Toledo公司)。
鸟苷-3’,5’-环一磷酸钠盐(cGMP,批号MKCP2470,规格25 mg)、内标8-Bromo-cGMP sodium(8-Br-cGMP,批号23Z275-M1,规格5 mg),上海甄准生物科技有限公司;利那洛肽对照品(批号b220801,规格30 mg)、利那洛肽胶囊制剂(批号221201,规格为每颗290 μg),苏州天马医药集团天吉生物制药有限公司;利那洛肽胶囊参比制剂(批号W054136,规格为每颗290 μg),Almac Pharma Services Limited公司;DMED/F12(HAM)1:1培养基(批号2250337,Viva Cell),上海达特希尔生物科技有限公司;Viva Cell胎牛血清(批号2250340),上海达特希尔生物科技有限公司;青霉素-链霉素溶液(100×)(批号C0222),上海碧云天生物技术有限公司;胰酶(0.25%)、Gibco(批号2492941)、CCK8(Servicebio,批号CR2401091)、磷酸二酯酶抑制剂(3-异丁基-1-甲基黄嘌呤,IBMX)(批号P2568066),默克美国Sigma aldrich公司;磷酸盐缓冲生理盐水(1×)(批号8122408),上海达特希尔生物科技有限公司;磷酸,色谱纯,上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司;盐酸,分析纯,国药集团化学试剂有限公司;甲酸,色谱纯,赛默飞世尔科技公司;氨水,色谱纯,CNW科技公司;甲醇、乙腈,色谱纯,Merck KGaA公司;水,屈臣氏集团(香港)有限公司。
T84细胞(P4代),购自上海复祥生物科技有限公司。
完全培养基配比为体积比90% DMED/F12(HAM)1:1培养基,加入10% Viva Cell胎牛血清混合,再加入1%青霉素-链霉素溶液(100×)。培养箱条件95%空气,5% CO2,37 ℃。
采用Kromasil 100-5-C18(150 mm×2.1 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱(0~0.8 min,95%A;0.8~2.8 min,95%A→30%A;2.8~3.1 min,30%A→0%A;3.1~3.8 min,0%A;3.8~4.0 min,0%A→95%A;4.0~6.0 min,95%A),流速(0~2.8 min,0.4 mL·min-1;2.8~3.1 min,0.4 mL·min-1→0.6 mL·min-1;3.1~3.8 min,0.6 mL·min-1;3.8~4.0 min,0.6 mL·min-1→0.4 mL·min-1;4.0~6.0 min,0.4 mL·min-1),进样量3 μL,柱温50 ℃。
采用电喷雾离子化源(ESI),负离子检测,多反应监测(MRM)模式;离子喷雾电压-4 500 V;气帘气241.3 kPa,源温度500 ℃,碰撞气62.1 kPa。用于定量分析的监测离子通道:cGMP,m/z 344.20→150.00,碰撞电压-34.11 V,去簇电压-71.10 V;8-Br-cGMP(内标),m/z 423.90 → 230.00,碰撞电压-31.88 V,去簇电压-148.81 V。用于定性分析的监测离子通道:cGMP,m/z 344.20 → 133.00,碰撞电压-50.11 V,去簇电压-100.04 V。cGMP质谱扫描棒状图及化学结构式见图1
cGMP对照品用50%甲醇水溶液溶解并稀释至2 000 μg·mL-1,即得cGMP对照品储备液。进一步用50%甲醇水溶液稀释,得到质量浓度分别为0.02、0.1、0.2、1、2、4、10 μg·mL-1的cGMP标准曲线工作液;同法制备质量浓度分别为0.04、0.6、8 μg·mL-1的质控工作液。
内标对照品(8-Br-cGMP)用50%甲醇水溶液溶解并稀释至100 μg·mL-1,即得内标储备液;继续用50%甲醇水溶液稀释,得到质量浓度为1 μg·mL-1的内标工作液。上述溶液均在-20 ℃保存。
T84细胞采集前于12孔板铺板,待细胞长至75%~85%融合度,吸出培养基,每孔加入0.1 mol·L-1盐酸300 μL,于室温下裂解20 min后,用细胞刮刀刮下细胞,得到细胞裂解混悬液,于离心机中4 ℃,1 000×g离心10 min后取上清,即得。
取细胞裂解液100 µL,分别加入不同浓度的标准曲线工作液5 µL,内标(1 μg·mL-1)5 µL,混合均匀,用Strata X提取板进行固相萃取。然后用1 mL甲醇(含0.1%氨水)洗脱,收集洗脱液,40 ℃氮气流吹干,加5%甲醇(含0.1%甲酸)100 μL复溶,涡旋混匀,离心(4 ℃,13 000 r·min-1)10 min,取上清至液相进样瓶,4 ℃下保存待进样。
取细胞裂解液样品100 μL,加入内标工作液(1 μg·mL-1)5 μL混合均匀,按照“2.3”项下方法进行处理。
分别取6个不同来源的空白细胞裂解液,含内标0.048 μg·mL-1的细胞裂解液样本(取内标溶液5 µL,加入空白细胞裂解液100 µL,涡旋30 s)和含cGMP 0.48 μg·mL-1的细胞裂解液样本(取10 μg·mL-1 cGMP标准曲线工作液5 µL,加入空白细胞裂解液100 µL,涡旋30 s),按“2.3”项下方法处理(不加内标工作液,加入50%甲醇水溶液5 µL,然后进行LC-MS/MS分析测定)。另取含cGMP 9.5×10-4 μg·mL-1的细胞裂解液样本(取0.02 μg·mL-1 cGMP标准曲线工作液5 µL,加入空白细胞裂解液100 µL,涡旋30 s)和实际待测样品,按“2.3”项下方法处理后,进行LC-MS/MS分析测定。结果(见图2)cGMP和内标的保留时间分别为2.56和3.03 min,内源性物质无干扰。
取“2.3”项下对照品标准曲线样本溶液,按照“2.1”项下条件检测,以cGMP的浓度为横坐标X,cGMP与内标8-Br-cGMP的峰面积比为纵坐标Y,使用加权最小二乘法(W=1/X2)进行线性回归,回归方程为

Y=0.061 7X+0.003 45  r=0.999 8

线性范围为1~500 ng·mL-1
精密量取“2.2.1”项下标准曲线工作液5 µL,按“2.3”项下方法操作,制备LLOQ和低、中、高浓度质控样品各5份,按照“2.1”项下条件检测,考察方法精密度和准确度。结果见表12,批内及批间样品准确度在98.1%~107.9%,精密度RSD不超过11.5%,符合样品测定要求。
使用6个不同来源的空白细胞裂解液,按“2.3”项下方法制备cGMP质控低浓度(LQC)、高浓度(HQC)样品溶液,每个来源及浓度平行3份,考察基质效应。
按“2.3”项下方法分别制备提取前加标及提取后加标cGMP质控低、中、高浓度细胞裂解液样品溶液各3份,将提取样品待测物峰面积同未提取样品(提取后加标)待测物峰面积的平均值相比较,计算待测物及内标的提取回收率,以考察方法的提取回收率。细胞裂解液中cGMP测定的基质效应结果见表3。准确度在101.5%~112.8%,精密度RSD不超过14.6%。基质不影响cGMP含量测定。
低、中、高浓度质控样品回收率分别为(86.3±3.3)%、(85.4±5.2)%、(86.7±2.6)%,内标提取回收率为(84.4±3.5)%,各浓度回收率精密度RSD小于15.0%,且内标与待测物回收率较为一致,符合要求。
精密量取“2.2.1”项下质控工作液5 µL,按“2.3”项下方法操作,制备cGMP质控低浓度(LQC)、高浓度(HQC)细胞裂解液样品溶液各5份,按照“2.1”项下条件检测,考察样品处理前室温放置4 h、处理后进样器放置40 h、冻融循环2次、-80 ℃冻存6 d的稳定性。各浓度的精密度RSD不超过10.6%,准确度在98.6%~111.0%,表明在以上条件下,cGMP在细胞裂解液中稳定性良好,见表4
取参比制剂与受试制剂各3颗,将内容物分别倒入离心管,加入磷酸盐缓冲生理盐水1 140 μL,振荡30 min提取有效成分(理论浓度为5×105 nmol·L-1),过0.22 μm无菌滤膜得到母液,依据HPLC检测结果,使用磷酸盐缓冲生理盐水将母液梯度稀释,得到200 000、100 000、50 000、5 000、2 000、1 000、500、250、50 nmol·L-1 9个浓度梯度的溶液。
利那洛肽HPLC检测条件:采用Kromasil 100-5-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以乙腈(A)-0.2%磷酸水溶液(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱(0~1.50 min,50%A;1.50~3.00 min,50%A→90%A;3.00~3.01 min,90%A→50%A;3.01~4.00 min,50%A),流速为1 mL·min-1,进样量5 μL,柱温40 ℃,检测波长220 nm。
将T84细胞以每孔4×104个的数量接种于96孔板中,每孔加培养基100 μL,培养72 h,待细胞贴壁生长至对数期进行给药。试验设置受试组、参比组,共9个浓度梯度,分别为20 000、10 000、5 000、500、200、100、50、25、5 nmol·L-1,每个浓度设5个复孔。以换液的形式给药,培养24 h后,每孔加入CCK 8试剂10 μL,孵育1.5 h,轻微振荡后置于自动酶标仪中,设置检测波长为450 nm,测定吸收度并计算细胞存活率。设置组别为受试制剂组(受试制剂处理后T84细胞)、参比制剂组(参比制剂处理后T84细胞)、对照组(不加药物溶液的T84细胞)和空白组(不加细胞的空白培养基),细胞存活率=(实验组吸收度-空白组吸收度)/(对照组吸收度-空白组吸收度)×100%。结果表明,利那洛肽的受试制剂及参比制剂药物浓度在5~20 000 nmol·L-1范围内对细胞活力(A)均无影响,并且2种制剂对细胞活力影响无显著性差异,见图3
试验前2~3 d采用12孔板铺板培养待试验细胞,待细胞长至75%~85%融合度即可开始试验。吸除旧培养基后,每孔加入含1 mmol·L-1磷酸二酯酶抑制剂IBMX的新培养基900 μL细胞孵育10 min,其中IBMX是为了防止细胞培养体系中磷酸二酯酶对cGMP的降解。之后每孔加入药液(空白组加入100 μL磷酸盐缓冲生理盐水)100 μL孵育30 min,给药终浓度为20 000、10 000、5 000、500、200、100、50、25、5 nmol·L-1,每个浓度设3个复孔,孵育结束后吸除含药液的培养基,每孔加入0.1 mol·L-1盐酸300 μL,室温下裂解细胞20 min,细胞刮刀刮除,收集裂解液在4 ℃下1 000×g离心10 min,取上清,按照“2.4”项下方法制备供试品溶液,在“2.1”项色谱与质谱条件下,每次进样3 μL进行分析。结果(表5)表明,2种利那洛肽胶囊制剂药物提取液以不同浓度给药后,T84细胞中的cGMP水平增加。对药物不同浓度及cGMP浓度对数进行非线性拟合(图4),对检测结果进行四参数法非线性拟合,计算EC50,并采用t检验进行统计。利那洛肽与T84细胞孵育30 min后,cGMP水平发生显著的浓度依赖性变化,参比制剂和受试制剂的EC50值分别为167.6、112.1 nmol·L-1,对2种制剂不同浓度下cGMP数据做差异性统计,结果显示方差齐性,F检验结果P值为0.925 8。2种制剂间logEC50进行非配对双尾t检验,P值为0.141 4,2种制剂差异无统计意义。
cGMP作为一种广泛存在于动物细胞的胞内信使,影响机体生理变化,并在多种疾病机制中发挥重要作用,因此对其水平测定具有重要意义。目前已有报道使用LC-MS/MS方法检测cGMP含量,但大多仅涉及血浆[15-16]中cGMP的检测,少数涉及组织[17]和脑脊液[18]等,未见对于细胞中cGMP的检测。
对于细胞检测方法的开发与其他基质有一定差异,血浆及组织样品中蛋白含量较高,分析时往往会在流动相或前处理阶段加入甲酸铵等缓冲盐去除基质中蛋白影响,以改善峰形,这在一定程度上增加了方法的复杂性[15-17]。细胞裂解液样品中蛋白含量远低于血浆及组织,前期方法摸索阶段使用缓冲盐,出现了明显离子抑制情况,影响方法灵敏度,后期流动相仅使用含甲酸的甲醇与水,待测物响应得到明显提升,也使方法得到一定简化。但细胞裂解液样品也带来另外的挑战,cGMP呈酸性,pKa为1.03±0.60,使用强酸性裂解液0.1 mol·L-1盐酸裂解细胞能使cGMP更稳定,并能将其从细胞中提取,这也导致样品酸性过高,待测样品批次大会影响柱效,需要考虑样品酸碱性对色谱系统的影响。由于基质蛋白含量低,样品前处理优化阶段曾尝试用细胞裂解液2倍体积的甲醇、一倍体积的乙腈分别进行蛋白沉淀后直接进样分析。但处理后的样品酸性强,对色谱柱有一定影响,峰形变差,且空白基质样品中杂质与cGMP极性相近,较难分离,干扰较为严重。为此,考虑采用Ostra磷脂过滤板对样品进行前处理,以去除空白基质干扰,结果显示,基质干扰明显减轻,但样品响应也有降低,且甲醇、乙腈等沉淀剂也对样品进行了一定程度的稀释,使得样品检测灵敏度更低,难以达到检测要求,待测物响应不呈线性,另外也未解决样品酸性问题。后尝试采用Strata X提取板固相萃取的方法进行样品前处理:在处理过程中,由于水溶性好,cGMP在5%甲醇水或水淋洗阶段即被洗脱,无法在柱上保留,故此次萃取程序舍去淋洗步骤,活化进样之后直接使用甲醇进行洗脱;为增加洗脱效率,在甲醇中加入0.1%氨水;为提高方法的灵敏度,洗脱后进行氮吹浓缩,使用初始比例流动相复溶。该方法处理过程重复性高,结果显示待测物线性关系良好。
用上述分析方法检测给药后T84细胞中的cGMP水平,对比了参比制剂与受试利那洛肽胶囊制剂,显示参比制剂和受试制剂给药后T84细胞中cGMP水平有明显升高,对T84细胞中GC-C受体具有显著浓度依赖性的激动作用,EC50分别为167.6、112.1 nmol·L-1,与文献报道的99 nmol·L-1[19]较为一致。
另外,本次试验同时使用ELISA试剂盒对样品进行了检测,检测结果基本低于LC-MS/MS测定浓度,推测可能是细胞裂解液酸性过高,缓冲溶液的稀释体积不足,与试剂盒的标准曲线样品不能完全匹配。而使用ELISA试剂盒检测与质谱检测相比,操作步骤复杂,反应步骤较多,反应时间较长,且试剂盒虽然灵敏度高,但线性范围较LC-MS/MS窄几十倍,对于高浓度样品溶液有时需要进行多步稀释,这给样品分析增加了难度及误差。虽然LC-MS/MS检测方法样品前处理时间更短,线性范围宽,样品稀释步骤少,大多数样品无须进行稀释,实验结果稳定可靠,重复性高,可为后期药物研究提供可靠的生物分析方法,但因其设备昂贵,难以普及,也使得应用范围受限。
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2025年第45卷第2期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2023-0660
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-02-28
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  • 修回日期:2024-12-18
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    1.中国医药工业研究总院,上海 201203
    2.上海医药工业研究院,先导物成药性研究全国重点实验室,上海 200437
    3.上海市生物物质成药性评价专业技术服务中心,上海 200437
    4.苏州天马医药集团天吉生物制药有限公司,苏州 215000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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