Article(id=1240945601664307272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240945593548337937, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0114, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1708617600000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773794087090, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1732982400000, pubDateStr=2024-12-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773794087090, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773794087090, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773794087090, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240945593548337937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='11', pageStart='1827', pageEnd='2010', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773794085156, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773796488495, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240955673937236736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240945593548337937, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240955673937236737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240945593548337937, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1975, endPage=1982, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240945601924354140, articleId=1240945601664307272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Identification of 22 added drugs in foot-use cold compress gel and quantification of four drugs, columnId=1206272757852074373, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Safety Monitoring, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective:

To establish a method for the rapid identification of 22 illegally added drugs in foot-use cold compress gel,and to quantify the content of 4 drugs.

Methods:

Use ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS/MS) for qualitative analysis. Using Hypersil GOLDTM VANQUISH C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm,1.9 μm) chromatographic column,gradient elution was performed with 10 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate aqueous solution (A) and methanol (B) as mobile phases,column temperature was 40 ℃,flow rate was 0.2 mmol·L-1,ESI ion source was used,and qualitative analysis was performed by switching between positive and negative scanning modes. By comparing the retention time,parent ion,and fragment ion information of the standards and sample under the same chromatographic and mass spectrometric conditions confirmed the illegal added drugs in the sample and the suitable methods were used for quantitative analysis.

Results:

After qualitative analysis,it was confirmed that the sample contained 4 illegally added drugs:acetaminophen,chloramphenicol,lidocaine hydrochloride and miconazole nitrate. The concentrations of these 4 drugs ranged 2.542-101.7 μg·mL-1,1.410-169.161 μg·mL-1,0.002-0.2 μg·mL-1,5.184-290.304 μg·mL-1,respectively. The peak areas showed good linear relationships with concentrations,with correlation coefficients of 0.999 9,0.999 7,0.999 9 and 0.999 1,respectively. The limits of detection were 0.015,0.143,0.001,0.833 μg·mL-1,respectively. At three concentration levels,the recovery rates ranged 98.5%-104.5%,90.2%-99.4%,79.5%-84.9%,102.8%- 104.3%,with the RSD of 0.059%-0.28%,0.20%-0.49%,1.2%-3.1%,0.18%-0.40%,respectively. The contents were 195.05,264.10,1.24,67.00 mg per bottle,respectively.

Conclusion:

The qualitative method is simple, rapid, and highly accurate, while the quantitative method is specific, precise, accurate, and stable, making it suitable for the rapid identification of 22 illegally added drugs and the quantification of 4 illegal added drugs in foot-use cold compress gel.

, correspAuthors=Jing YANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hua LU, Xi ZHU, Zhuo-ling ZHONG, Xiao-yan GAO, Jing YANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240945602448642174, articleId=1240945601664307272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=足用冷敷凝露中22种添加药物的识别及其中4种药物的含量测定, columnId=1206272758036623764, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=安全监测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的:

建立一种足用冷敷凝露中22种非法添加药物的识别及其中4种药物的含量测定方法。

方法:

通过高分辨液质联用法(UPLC-HRMS/MS),采用Hypersil GOLDTM VANQUISH C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm,1.9 μm)色谱柱,以10 mmol·L-1乙酸铵的水溶液(A)-甲醇(B)为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,柱温40 ℃,流速0.2 mL·min-1,采用ESI离子源,正负切换扫描模式进行定性分析。以相同质谱-色谱条件下,对照品和样品的保留时间,母离子和碎片离子信息均一致,确认样品中含有的非法添加药物,并使用适当的方法进行定量分析。

结果:

经过定性分析,确认样品中含有4种非法添加药物:对乙酰氨基酚、氯霉素、盐酸利多卡因、硝酸咪康唑。这4种药物分别在2.542~101.7 μg·mL-1、1.410~169.161 μg·mL-1、0.002~0.2 μg·mL-1、5.184~290.304 μg·mL-1浓度范围内,峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.999 9、0.999 7、0.999 9、0.999 1;检测限分别为0.015、0.143、0.001、0.833 μg·mL-1;3个浓度水平回收率分别为98.5%~104.5%、90.2%~99.4%、79.5%~84.9%、102.8%~104.3%;RSD分别为0.059%~0.28%、0.20%~0.49%、1.2%~3.1%、0.18%~0.40%;样品中4种药物的含量分别为每瓶195.05、264.10、1.24、67.00 mg。

结论:

定性方法简便快捷,准确性好,覆盖面广;定量方法专属性、线性、精密度、准确性、重复性和稳定性均良好,适合医疗器械物理降温设备——足用冷敷凝露中22种非法添加药物的快速识别和其中4种非法添加药物的含量测定。

, correspAuthors=杨婧, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*Tel:13980715566;E-mail:
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Tel:15982873387;E-mail:

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Chin J Chromatogr202240(4):343, articleTitle=Determination of 19 illegally added chemical ingredients in hair loss prevention cosmetics by uitra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240954720970396585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240954720978785194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, companyId=1240954720970396585, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices),Ministry of lndustry and Information Technology Industrial Technology Foundation Public Service Platform,Chengdu 611731,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240954720987173803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, companyId=1240954720970396585, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=四川省药品检验研究院(四川省医疗器械检测中心) 工业和信息化部产业技术基础公共服务平台,成都 611731)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240954723847688221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Specificity chromatograms, figureFileSmall=3UEeT44u5k4xyYmBiXoEwg==, figureFileBig=MY5M3myZYxgdKj6bi5v2UA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954724007071775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=CN, label=图1 , caption=专属性图谱

A.对乙酰氨基酚和空白溶剂(acetaminophen and blank solvent) B.氯霉素和空白溶剂(chloramphenicol and blank solvent) C.硝酸咪康唑和空白溶剂(mifurazole nitrate and blank solvent) D.盐酸利多卡因和空白溶剂(lidocaine hydrochloride and blank solvent)

, figureFileSmall=3UEeT44u5k4xyYmBiXoEwg==, figureFileBig=MY5M3myZYxgdKj6bi5v2UA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954724162261026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Qualitative analysis results of 22 compounds

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
(No.)
化合物
(compound)
扫描模式
(mode)
保留时间
(retention time)/min
母离子
(parention)m/z
碎片离子
(fragment ion)m/z
1氨基比啉(aminophenazone)+7.31232.144 1058.065 13*,97.076 03,111.091 70
2甲氧苄啶(trimethoprim)+6.60291.144 81123.066 66,230.116 46*,261.095 45
3对乙酰氨基酚(paracetamol)+3.61152.070 4393.033 62,110.060 16*,152.070 68
4泼尼松(prednisone)+7.87359.185 06147.080 51*,159.080 66,171.080 26
5氢化可的松(hydrocortisone)+8.09363.216 4397.064 95,121.064 93*,147.116 85
6地塞米松(dexamethasone)+8.36393.207 03107.085 39,147.080 73*,222.104 02
7醋酸泼尼松(prednisone acetate)+8.39401.195 59121.065 11,147.080 47*,171.080 32
8醋酸可的松(cortisone acetate)+8.42403.211 06105.069 85,121.064 85,163.111 68*
9酮洛芬(ketoprofen)+7.75255.101 1877.038 58,105.033 51*,177.053 50
10萘普生(naproxen)+7.71231.101 41154.077 58,170.072 54,185.095 98*
11醋酸地塞米松(dexamethasone acetate)+8.69435.217 35121.065 25,147.080 44*,171.080 44
12保泰松(phenylbutazone)+8.06309.159 3394.065 19,104.049 58,160.112 05*
13氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)-8.37243.082 31177.070 71,199.092 67*,226.865 57
14布洛芬(ibuprofen)-8.73205.123 17131.013 28*,142.901 48,168.011 99
15吲哚美辛(indomethacin)-8.64356.068 70158.060 96,255.044 82,282.032 20*
16双氯芬酸钠(diclofenac sodium)-8.52294.009 16178.066 04*,214.042 79,250.019 35
17盐酸萘甲唑林(naphazoline hydrochloride)+6.70211.122 70141.069 89*,142.072 97,168.080 99
18盐酸利多卡因(lidocaine hydrochloride)+8.60235.180 1058.065 16,86.096 47*
19马来酸氯苯那敏(chlorpheniramine maleate)+8.04275.130 55167.073 03,202.041 64,230.073 00*
20氯霉素(chloramphenicol)-7.15321.004 36106.029 46,121.029 34*,152.035 20
21硝酸咪康唑(miconazole nitrate)+10.34416.989 9369.044 82,123.000 15,158.976 39*
22甲硝唑(metronidazole)+4.29172.071 3582.052 57,110.042 73,128.045 44*
), ArticleFig(id=1240954724309061671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

22个化合物的定性分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
(No.)
化合物
(compound)
扫描模式
(mode)
保留时间
(retention time)/min
母离子
(parention)m/z
碎片离子
(fragment ion)m/z
1氨基比啉(aminophenazone)+7.31232.144 1058.065 13*,97.076 03,111.091 70
2甲氧苄啶(trimethoprim)+6.60291.144 81123.066 66,230.116 46*,261.095 45
3对乙酰氨基酚(paracetamol)+3.61152.070 4393.033 62,110.060 16*,152.070 68
4泼尼松(prednisone)+7.87359.185 06147.080 51*,159.080 66,171.080 26
5氢化可的松(hydrocortisone)+8.09363.216 4397.064 95,121.064 93*,147.116 85
6地塞米松(dexamethasone)+8.36393.207 03107.085 39,147.080 73*,222.104 02
7醋酸泼尼松(prednisone acetate)+8.39401.195 59121.065 11,147.080 47*,171.080 32
8醋酸可的松(cortisone acetate)+8.42403.211 06105.069 85,121.064 85,163.111 68*
9酮洛芬(ketoprofen)+7.75255.101 1877.038 58,105.033 51*,177.053 50
10萘普生(naproxen)+7.71231.101 41154.077 58,170.072 54,185.095 98*
11醋酸地塞米松(dexamethasone acetate)+8.69435.217 35121.065 25,147.080 44*,171.080 44
12保泰松(phenylbutazone)+8.06309.159 3394.065 19,104.049 58,160.112 05*
13氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)-8.37243.082 31177.070 71,199.092 67*,226.865 57
14布洛芬(ibuprofen)-8.73205.123 17131.013 28*,142.901 48,168.011 99
15吲哚美辛(indomethacin)-8.64356.068 70158.060 96,255.044 82,282.032 20*
16双氯芬酸钠(diclofenac sodium)-8.52294.009 16178.066 04*,214.042 79,250.019 35
17盐酸萘甲唑林(naphazoline hydrochloride)+6.70211.122 70141.069 89*,142.072 97,168.080 99
18盐酸利多卡因(lidocaine hydrochloride)+8.60235.180 1058.065 16,86.096 47*
19马来酸氯苯那敏(chlorpheniramine maleate)+8.04275.130 55167.073 03,202.041 64,230.073 00*
20氯霉素(chloramphenicol)-7.15321.004 36106.029 46,121.029 34*,152.035 20
21硝酸咪康唑(miconazole nitrate)+10.34416.989 9369.044 82,123.000 15,158.976 39*
22甲硝唑(metronidazole)+4.29172.071 3582.052 57,110.042 73,128.045 44*
), ArticleFig(id=1240954724392947754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Qualitative analysis result of samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物(compound)保留时间(time)/min母离子(parention)m/z碎片离子(fragment ion)m/z
对乙酰氨基酚(paracetamol)3.61152.070 4393.033 62,110.060 16*,152.070 68
氯霉素(chloramphenicol)7.15321.004 36106.029 46,121.029 34*,152.035 20
盐酸利多卡因(lidocainehydrochloride)8.60235.180 1058.065 16,86.096 47*
硝酸咪康唑(miconazole nitrate)10.34416.989 9369.044 82,123.000 15,158.976 39*
样品(sample)3.56152.070 3793.033 55,110.060 04*,152.070 63
7.12321.004 61106.029 71,121.029 39*,152.035 23
8.64235.180 6058.06520,86.096 47*
10.31416.990 0269.044 68,122.999 88,158.976 17*
), ArticleFig(id=1240954724464250923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

供试品定性分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物(compound)保留时间(time)/min母离子(parention)m/z碎片离子(fragment ion)m/z
对乙酰氨基酚(paracetamol)3.61152.070 4393.033 62,110.060 16*,152.070 68
氯霉素(chloramphenicol)7.15321.004 36106.029 46,121.029 34*,152.035 20
盐酸利多卡因(lidocainehydrochloride)8.60235.180 1058.065 16,86.096 47*
硝酸咪康唑(miconazole nitrate)10.34416.989 9369.044 82,123.000 15,158.976 39*
样品(sample)3.56152.070 3793.033 55,110.060 04*,152.070 63
7.12321.004 61106.029 71,121.029 39*,152.035 23
8.64235.180 6058.06520,86.096 47*
10.31416.990 0269.044 68,122.999 88,158.976 17*
), ArticleFig(id=1240954724539748397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The linear equation,correlation coefficient,LOD and LOQ of the 4 compounds

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物
(compound)
线性范围
(linear range)/(μg·mL-1)
线性方程
(linear equation)
rLOD/
(μg·mL-1)
LOQ/
(μg·mL-1)
对乙酰氨基酚(paracetamol)2.542~101.700 Y=3.918×104X-385.8630.999 90.0150.053
氯霉素(chloramphenicol)1.410~169.161 Y=1.350×104X-1.311×1040.999 70.1430.487
盐酸利多卡因(lidocainehydrochloride)0.002~0.2 Y=5×107X+5.098×1070.999 90.0010.003
硝酸咪康唑(miconazole nitrate)5.184~290.304 Y=0.24X+0.460.999 10.8331.740
), ArticleFig(id=1240954724615245873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

4个化合物的线性方程、检测限和定量限

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物
(compound)
线性范围
(linear range)/(μg·mL-1)
线性方程
(linear equation)
rLOD/
(μg·mL-1)
LOQ/
(μg·mL-1)
对乙酰氨基酚(paracetamol)2.542~101.700 Y=3.918×104X-385.8630.999 90.0150.053
氯霉素(chloramphenicol)1.410~169.161 Y=1.350×104X-1.311×1040.999 70.1430.487
盐酸利多卡因(lidocainehydrochloride)0.002~0.2 Y=5×107X+5.098×1070.999 90.0010.003
硝酸咪康唑(miconazole nitrate)5.184~290.304 Y=0.24X+0.460.999 10.8331.740
), ArticleFig(id=1240954724736880692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

The precision and stability rate of the 4 compounds

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物(compound)精密度(precision),RSD/%稳定性(stability),RSD/%重复性(repeatability),RSD/%
对乙酰氨基酚(paracetamol)0.033~0.0680.070~0.101.0
氯霉素(chloramphenicol)0.12~0.240.18~0.351.2
盐酸利多卡因(lidocainehydrochloride)0.36~1.71.8~3.07.1
硝酸咪康唑(miconazole nitrate)0.34~1.81.2~1.50.45
), ArticleFig(id=1240954724829155384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

4个化合物的精密度和稳定性结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物(compound)精密度(precision),RSD/%稳定性(stability),RSD/%重复性(repeatability),RSD/%
对乙酰氨基酚(paracetamol)0.033~0.0680.070~0.101.0
氯霉素(chloramphenicol)0.12~0.240.18~0.351.2
盐酸利多卡因(lidocainehydrochloride)0.36~1.71.8~3.07.1
硝酸咪康唑(miconazole nitrate)0.34~1.81.2~1.50.45
), ArticleFig(id=1240954724925624379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

The recovery rate of the 4 compounds

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物
(compound)
样品量
(sample amount)/(μg·mL-1)
添加量
(added amount)/(μg·mL-1)
测得量
(measured amount)/(μg·mL-1)
平均回收率
(average recovery)/%
RSD/%
对乙酰氨基酚
(paracetamol)
38.4330.5169.65102.30.059
40.6880.94104.50.28
50.8588.5198.50.16
氯霉素
(chloramphenicol)
53.2445.1193.9490.20.20
56.39106.2594.00.34
67.66120.4999.40.49
盐酸利多卡因
(lidocainehydrochloride)
0.0250.0200.04284.93.1
0.0240.04481.91.2
0.0280.04779.51.9
硝酸咪康唑
(miconazole nitrate)
133.1496.49233.78104.30.40
120.62257.79103.30.18
144.74281.92102.80.18
), ArticleFig(id=1240954725009510462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945601664307272, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

4个化合物的回收率结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物
(compound)
样品量
(sample amount)/(μg·mL-1)
添加量
(added amount)/(μg·mL-1)
测得量
(measured amount)/(μg·mL-1)
平均回收率
(average recovery)/%
RSD/%
对乙酰氨基酚
(paracetamol)
38.4330.5169.65102.30.059
40.6880.94104.50.28
50.8588.5198.50.16
氯霉素
(chloramphenicol)
53.2445.1193.9490.20.20
56.39106.2594.00.34
67.66120.4999.40.49
盐酸利多卡因
(lidocainehydrochloride)
0.0250.0200.04284.93.1
0.0240.04481.91.2
0.0280.04779.51.9
硝酸咪康唑
(miconazole nitrate)
133.1496.49233.78104.30.40
120.62257.79103.30.18
144.74281.92102.80.18
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足用冷敷凝露中22种添加药物的识别及其中4种药物的含量测定
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卢华 , 朱茜 , 钟卓伶 , 高小艳 , 杨婧 *
药物分析杂志 | 安全监测 2024,44(11): 1975-1982
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药物分析杂志 | 安全监测 2024, 44(11): 1975-1982
足用冷敷凝露中22种添加药物的识别及其中4种药物的含量测定
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卢华 , 朱茜, 钟卓伶, 高小艳, 杨婧*
作者信息
  • 四川省药品检验研究院(四川省医疗器械检测中心) 工业和信息化部产业技术基础公共服务平台,成都 611731
  • Tel:15982873387;E-mail:

通讯作者:

*Tel:13980715566;E-mail:
Identification of 22 added drugs in foot-use cold compress gel and quantification of four drugs
Hua LU , Xi ZHU, Zhuo-ling ZHONG, Xiao-yan GAO, Jing YANG*
Affiliations
  • Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices),Ministry of lndustry and Information Technology Industrial Technology Foundation Public Service Platform,Chengdu 611731,China
出版时间: 2024-12-01 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0114
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目的:

建立一种足用冷敷凝露中22种非法添加药物的识别及其中4种药物的含量测定方法。

方法:

通过高分辨液质联用法(UPLC-HRMS/MS),采用Hypersil GOLDTM VANQUISH C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm,1.9 μm)色谱柱,以10 mmol·L-1乙酸铵的水溶液(A)-甲醇(B)为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,柱温40 ℃,流速0.2 mL·min-1,采用ESI离子源,正负切换扫描模式进行定性分析。以相同质谱-色谱条件下,对照品和样品的保留时间,母离子和碎片离子信息均一致,确认样品中含有的非法添加药物,并使用适当的方法进行定量分析。

结果:

经过定性分析,确认样品中含有4种非法添加药物:对乙酰氨基酚、氯霉素、盐酸利多卡因、硝酸咪康唑。这4种药物分别在2.542~101.7 μg·mL-1、1.410~169.161 μg·mL-1、0.002~0.2 μg·mL-1、5.184~290.304 μg·mL-1浓度范围内,峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.999 9、0.999 7、0.999 9、0.999 1;检测限分别为0.015、0.143、0.001、0.833 μg·mL-1;3个浓度水平回收率分别为98.5%~104.5%、90.2%~99.4%、79.5%~84.9%、102.8%~104.3%;RSD分别为0.059%~0.28%、0.20%~0.49%、1.2%~3.1%、0.18%~0.40%;样品中4种药物的含量分别为每瓶195.05、264.10、1.24、67.00 mg。

结论:

定性方法简便快捷,准确性好,覆盖面广;定量方法专属性、线性、精密度、准确性、重复性和稳定性均良好,适合医疗器械物理降温设备——足用冷敷凝露中22种非法添加药物的快速识别和其中4种非法添加药物的含量测定。

足用冷敷凝露  /  医疗器械  /  非法添加  /  定性分析  /  含量测定  /  高分辨液质联用法  /  高效液相色谱
Objective:

To establish a method for the rapid identification of 22 illegally added drugs in foot-use cold compress gel,and to quantify the content of 4 drugs.

Methods:

Use ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS/MS) for qualitative analysis. Using Hypersil GOLDTM VANQUISH C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm,1.9 μm) chromatographic column,gradient elution was performed with 10 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate aqueous solution (A) and methanol (B) as mobile phases,column temperature was 40 ℃,flow rate was 0.2 mmol·L-1,ESI ion source was used,and qualitative analysis was performed by switching between positive and negative scanning modes. By comparing the retention time,parent ion,and fragment ion information of the standards and sample under the same chromatographic and mass spectrometric conditions confirmed the illegal added drugs in the sample and the suitable methods were used for quantitative analysis.

Results:

After qualitative analysis,it was confirmed that the sample contained 4 illegally added drugs:acetaminophen,chloramphenicol,lidocaine hydrochloride and miconazole nitrate. The concentrations of these 4 drugs ranged 2.542-101.7 μg·mL-1,1.410-169.161 μg·mL-1,0.002-0.2 μg·mL-1,5.184-290.304 μg·mL-1,respectively. The peak areas showed good linear relationships with concentrations,with correlation coefficients of 0.999 9,0.999 7,0.999 9 and 0.999 1,respectively. The limits of detection were 0.015,0.143,0.001,0.833 μg·mL-1,respectively. At three concentration levels,the recovery rates ranged 98.5%-104.5%,90.2%-99.4%,79.5%-84.9%,102.8%- 104.3%,with the RSD of 0.059%-0.28%,0.20%-0.49%,1.2%-3.1%,0.18%-0.40%,respectively. The contents were 195.05,264.10,1.24,67.00 mg per bottle,respectively.

Conclusion:

The qualitative method is simple, rapid, and highly accurate, while the quantitative method is specific, precise, accurate, and stable, making it suitable for the rapid identification of 22 illegally added drugs and the quantification of 4 illegal added drugs in foot-use cold compress gel.

foot-use cold compress gel  /  medical devices  /  illegally addition  /  qualitative analysis  /  content determination  /  UPLC-HRMS/MS  /  HPLC
卢华, 朱茜, 钟卓伶, 高小艳, 杨婧. 足用冷敷凝露中22种添加药物的识别及其中4种药物的含量测定. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (11) : 1975 -1982 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0114
Hua LU, Xi ZHU, Zhuo-ling ZHONG, Xiao-yan GAO, Jing YANG. Identification of 22 added drugs in foot-use cold compress gel and quantification of four drugs[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (11) : 1975 -1982 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0114
随着经济的迅速发展和健康产业的日益兴旺,人们对维护身体健康的重视程度不断加深。足用冷敷凝露作为近年来新兴的冷敷理疗产品之一,为医疗器械物理降温设备,不应含有发挥药理学、免疫学或者代谢作用的成分[1]。冷敷疗法,作为一种常见的物理治疗方法,通过降低局部温度,减缓血液流速以及降低局部组织的代谢活动,有效缓解诸如发痒、水肿、红肿、肿痛、发热等体表不适症状[2-4]。然而,一些医疗器械生产企业为了追求产品功效、市场份额及利润,可能非法添加化学药物,对消费者的健康构成严重危害[5]
当前,针对药品和保健品领域的非法添加化学药物研究较多[6-9],在食品和化妆品领域的非法添研究也较多[10-13]。在医疗器械领域,也有多篇文献[14-17]针对贴敷、凝胶类器械非法添加成分的快速检测和含量测定进行了研究。国家药品监督管理局于2022年1月26日发布了《贴敷类医疗器械中17种化学药物识别及含量测定补充检验方法》[18],该方法适用于以物理升温、物理退热、穴位压力刺激或磁场等作用原理的多种贴敷类医疗器械,如远红外治疗贴、医用冷敷贴、医用退热贴、冷敷凝胶、磁疗贴及穴位压力刺激贴。但因贴敷类产品应用范围、使用部位不尽相同,使得现有的方法,在非法添加药物识别上仍然存在一定的局限性。
足用冷敷凝露根据其功效,缓解诸如发痒、水肿、红肿、肿痛、发热等体表不适症状,则有可能添加消炎类、抗菌类、抗过敏类、局麻类等药物,如氯霉素、硝酸咪康唑、甲硝唑、盐酸萘甲唑林、盐酸利多卡因等,而上述补充检验方法无法完全覆盖。
本研究将足用冷敷凝露作为研究对象,旨在建立一种针对特定使用部位(足用)贴敷类产品,具有更高筛选能力且能准确定量的方法,补充完善贴敷类产品非法添加药物成分的检测方法,从而为医疗器械监管提供有力的技术支持。
OrbitrapExploris 120液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱仪(Thermo公司);LC-20ADXR型高效液相色谱仪(Shimadzu公司);Vanquish Core型高效液相色谱仪(Thermo Fisher公司);5500 Qtrap型超高效液相色谱质谱联用仪(AB公司);MCA225P-2CCN-I型电子天平(Sartorius公司,0.01 mg);JP-100S型超声波消洗器(深圳洁盟技术股份有限公司)和Milli-Q纯化水仪(Millipore公司)。
对照品氨基比啉(批号100503-201803,含量99.7%)、甲氧苄啶(批号100031-201606,含量99.8%)、对乙酰氨基酚(批号100018-202111,含量100.0%)、泼尼松(批号100199-202104,含量100.0%)、氢化可的松(批号100152-202008,含量99.9%)、地塞米松(批号100129-201907,含量99.8%)、醋酸泼尼松(批号100012-202108,含量100.0%)、醋酸可的松(批号100123-201204,含量99.1%)、酮洛芬(批号100337-201104,含量99.9%)、萘普生(批号100198-201706,含量100.0%)、醋酸地塞米松(批号100122-201707,含量99.9%)、保泰松(批号100481-201702,含量99.8%)、吲哚美辛(批号100258-202105,含量100.0%)、双氯芬酸钠(批号100334-201803,含量100.0%)、盐酸萘甲唑林(批号100111-201104,含量99.2%)、马来酸氯苯那敏(批号100047-202008,含量99.9%)、氯霉素(批号130555-201704,含量99.8%)、硝酸咪康唑(批号100213-201406,含量99.6%)、甲硝唑(批号100191-201808,含量100.0%),均购自中国食品药品检定研究院;对照品氟比洛芬(批号0328-RD-0041,含量99.9%),广州佳途科技股份有限公司;布洛芬(批号D0015188 2025-0316,含量99.7%),北京振翔科技有限公司;盐酸利多卡因(批号C13013820,含量99%),上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司。
甲醇(质谱纯)、甲醇(色谱纯)、乙腈(色谱纯),Thermo Fisher公司;乙酸铵(质谱级)、甲酸(质谱级)、庚烷磺酸钠(色谱纯),Sigma公司;三乙胺(分析纯),天津市科密欧化学试剂有限公司;磷酸(分析纯)、磷酸二氢钾(分析纯)、醋酸铵(分析纯),成都市科隆化学品有限公司。
足用冷敷凝露由湖北普惠堂生物科技有限公司生产,喷洒型25 mL,批号20211202。
采用Hypersil GOLDTM VANQUISH C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.9 μm)色谱柱,柱温40 ℃,流速0.2 mL·min-1,进样量1 μL,以10 mmol·L-1乙酸铵的纯化水溶液(A)-甲醇(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱(0~1 min,10%B;1~7 min,10%B→95%B;7~11 min,95%B;11~12 min,95%→10%B;12~15 min,10%B)。
采用ESI离子源,正负切换扫描模式,鞘气30 Arb,辅助气8 Arb,吹扫气0,电喷雾电压正离子3.2 kV,负离子2.8 kV,气化温度350 ℃,毛细管温度320 ℃,传输透镜电压55.0%,碰撞气为氮气,HCD能量为15%、30%、45%。
精密称取各对照品10 mg,分别置于10 mL棕色量瓶中,加甲醇溶解并稀释至刻度,摇匀,制成浓度约为1 mg·mL-1的对照品储备液。分别取各对照品储备液0.1 mL,置于同一10 mL棕色量瓶中,加甲醇稀释至刻度,摇匀,即得质量浓度为10 μg·mL-1的混合对照品溶液。
精密吸取样品5 mL,置于10 mL量瓶中,加甲醇3 mL,涡旋混匀,超声(720 W,40 kHz)提取30 min,放冷,加甲醇稀释至刻度,摇匀,经0.22 μm微孔滤膜过滤,取续滤液用甲醇稀释10倍,即得。
分别吸取混合对照品溶液和供试品溶液各1 μL,注入UPLC-HRMS/MS仪,记录总离子流色谱图及一级和二级质谱图。通过比较样品与对照品的色谱峰保留时间、一级全扫描质谱图和二级全扫描的碎片离子信息,分析样品中是否存在违法添加的化学药物。22个化合物的扫描模式、保留时间及碎片信息见表1,样品定性分析结果见表2
欧盟2002/657/EC准则要求禁用物质的确证必须达到4个识别点,在高分辨质谱中,每个母离子的识别点规定为2.0,子离子的识别点为2.5[19]。因此,利用高分辨质谱,只需1个母离子和1个碎片离子即可完成对目标物质的确证。设置保留时间偏差为±0.2 min,母离子及碎片离子精确质量数偏差为5×10-6以内[20]
通过比较表12中对照品与样品的色谱峰保留时间及母离子、碎片离子的精确质量数结果可知,样品中含有非法添加的化学成分:对乙酰氨基酚、氯霉素、盐酸利多卡因和硝酸咪康唑。接下来对样品中检出的对乙酰氨基酚、氯霉素、硝酸咪康唑采用HPLC方法进行定量分析;对检出的盐酸利多卡因采用LC-MS方法进行定量分析。
采用Waters Symmetry C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以0.05 mol·L-1醋酸铵溶液-甲醇(85:15)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min-1,进样量10 μL,波长245 nm,柱温35 ℃。
采用Waters Symmetry C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以0.01 mol·L-1庚烷磺酸钠缓冲溶液(取磷酸二氢钾6.8 g,用0.01 mol·L-1庚烷磺酸钠溶液溶解并稀释至1 000 mL,再加三乙胺5 mL,混匀,用磷酸调节pH至2.5)-甲醇(68:32)为流动相,流速1.5 mL·min-1,进样量20 μL,波长277 nm,柱温35 ℃。
采用Thermo Hypersil Gold(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.9 μm)色谱柱,以0.1%的甲酸水溶液(A)-甲醇溶液(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱(0~5.0 min,5%B→98%B;5.0~6.0 min,98%B;6.0~6.5 min,98%B→5%B),流速:0.2 mL·min-1,进样量1 μL,柱温40 ℃。采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),氮气为碰撞气,碰撞气压力为Miduem,离子源温度350 ℃,监测模式为MRM,定性离子对m/z 236.0/86.0,碰撞电压(CE)25 V;定量离子对m/z 236.0/58.0,碰撞电压(CE)38 V。
采用Thermo AcclaimTM 120A C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-乙腈-1.5%醋酸铵(40:40:20)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min-1,进样量10 μL,波长230 nm,柱温35 ℃。
精密称取对乙酰氨基酚、氯霉素、盐酸利多卡因、硝酸咪康唑的对照品各10 mg,分别置于10 mL量瓶中,加甲醇溶解并稀释至刻度,摇匀,制成质量浓度为1 mg·mL-1的各对照品储备液。精密吸取各对照品储备液适量,分别加“3.1”项下各自的流动相稀释制成各系列标准曲线溶液。
取6瓶样品,分别精密吸取5 mL,置于10 mL量瓶中,加甲醇3 mL,涡旋混匀,超声(720 W,40 kHz)提取30 min,放冷,加甲醇稀释至刻度,摇匀,经0.22 μm微孔滤膜过滤,续滤液作为溶液M。取溶液M,用“3.1.1”项下流动相稀释100倍,即得对乙酰氨基酚供试品溶液;用“3.1.2”项下流动相稀释100倍,即得对氯霉素供试品溶液;不经稀释,即得盐酸利多卡因供试品溶液;用甲醇稀释10倍,即得硝酸咪康唑供试品溶液。
取各化合物项下的空白溶剂、对照品溶液,按相应条件进样分析,并记录色谱图(图1),结果显示,各空白溶剂色谱图中,在与对照品色谱图对照品峰相应位置处均不显示色谱峰,均不干扰测定。
精密量取各化合物的系列标准曲线溶液,按“3.1”项各自的条件进样分析,以化合物的质量浓度X(μg·mL-1)为横坐标,峰面积Y为纵坐标,进行线性回归,各化合物线性方程及相关系数见表3。在标准曲线范围内,线性关系良好,r均大于0.999。
将各化合物的标准曲线溶液最低浓度点适当稀释后,按“3.1”项各自的条件进样分析,以信噪比S/N=3时对应的溶液浓度作为仪器检测限;信噪比S/N=10时对应的溶液浓度作为仪器定量限。结果见表3
取各化合物的标准曲线溶液各3个中间浓度点,按“3.1”项各自的条件进样分析,分别平行测定6次,各化合物峰面积的RSD在0.033%~1.8%,表明精密度良好,结果见表4
取各化合物的标准曲线溶液各3个中间浓度点,按“3.1”项各自的条件,分别于0、12、22 h进样分析,各化合物峰面积的RSD在0.070%~3.0%,表明稳定性良好,结果见表4
按“3.3”项下方法平行制备6份供试品溶液,按“3.1”项各自的条件进样分析,各化合物含量分别为192.19~197.52、260.55~269.34、1.15~1.37、66.57~67.33 mg·瓶-1,含量的RSD在0.45%~7.1%,表明方法重复性良好,结果见表4
精密吸取“3.3”项下制备的溶液M适量,分别进行低、中、高3个浓度水平(添加量约相当于供试品含量的80%、100%、120%)的回收率试验,各浓度溶液平行制备3份。取以上溶液按“3.1”项各自的条件进样分析,加样回收率在79.5%~104.5%,RSD在0.059%~3.1%。其中,盐酸利多卡因由于样品含量低,加标量也低(小于30 ng·mL-1),回收率较低,为80%左右,但均满足2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》四部通则9101分析方法验证指导原则中回收率限度的要求,结果表明方法准确可靠,稳定性高,见表5
按“3.3”项下方法制备供试品溶液6份,按“3.1”项各化合物的条件进样分析,对乙酰氨基酚、氯霉素、盐酸利多卡因和硝酸咪康唑含量分别为195.05、264.10、1.24、67.00 mg·瓶-1
本研究针对足用冷敷凝露中可能添加的药物成分,开发了一套高效液相色谱-高分辨率质谱联用快速鉴别方法。该方法不仅能对22种非法添加药物进行准确识别,还对识别出的乙酰氨基酚、氯霉素、硝酸咪康唑进行HPLC含量测定,并对盐酸利多卡因进行了LC-MS含量测定。实验结果表明,上述方法专属性、精密度、重复性、准确性和稳定性均表现良好。
本研究在现有贴敷类医疗器械非法添加化学药物识别及含量测定相关文献及补充检验方法的基础上进行了创新性扩展。考虑到足用冷敷凝露的功效:缓解诸如发痒、水肿、红肿、肿痛、发热等体表不适症状,可能涉及添加消炎、抗菌、抗过敏和局麻类等药物。样品经甲醇提取后,通过高分辨液质联用法进行全扫描,将采集的样品质谱信息与内置的非法添加药物质谱信息库进行比对,发现疑似添加对乙酰氨基酚、氯霉素、盐酸利多卡因、硝酸咪康唑、甲硝唑、盐酸萘甲唑啉6种化学药物。鉴于现有补充检验方法仅包含了对乙酰氨基酚的检测,未包含盐酸利多卡因、氯霉素、硝酸咪康唑和甲硝唑和盐酸萘甲唑啉,因此本研究将定性分析的化学药物种类由补充检验方法中的17种扩展至包含以上6种疑似检出药物的22种。后经对照品定性确认样品中添加的药物有对乙酰氨基酚、氯霉素、盐酸利多卡因、硝酸咪康唑。
在尝试采用现有补充检验方法对未包含的3种药物进行含量测定时,发现结果并不理想。因此,本研究在参考药典方法的基础上,对HPLC的定量方法进行了改进,特别是针对含量较低盐酸利多卡因,选择了灵敏度更高的LC-MS方法,以实现更高的特异性和针对性。此外,相比于复杂的梯度洗脱程序,本方法缩短了出峰时间,使得方法更高效,更符合实际检验流程的要求。本研究在现有检测方法的基础上提高了覆盖面和适用性,具有更高筛选和准确定量的能力,为满足医疗器械监管需求提供了更多选择。
足用冷敷凝露作为“物理降温设备类”医疗器械产品,明确规定不应含有发挥药理学、免疫学或者代谢作用的成分[1]。然而,在本研究中,发现一款市售足用冷敷凝露产品添加了多达4种不同的药物成分。这一行为不仅违反了法规要求,更是威胁到了使用者的健康安全。此发现表明,对于该类产品,加强监管和确保产品安全是迫切需要的。监管的强化首先依赖于有效的检测方法。本研究针对市场上常见的足用冷敷凝露产品,并结合产品特定使用部位,有针对性地建立了具有更高的产品特异性,可同时鉴定22种非法添加药物的分析方法。为解决足用冷敷凝露类产品中非法添加药物这一亟需关注的问题提供了更具针对性的检测方法和技术支持,有助于确保患者使用该类产品时的健康安全。
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2024年第44卷第11期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0114
  • 接收时间:2024-02-23
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-12-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-23
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    四川省药品检验研究院(四川省医疗器械检测中心) 工业和信息化部产业技术基础公共服务平台,成都 611731

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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