Article(id=1240945594093597457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240945593548337937, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0158, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1710086400000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773794085286, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1732982400000, pubDateStr=2024-12-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773794085286, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773794085286, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773794085286, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240945593548337937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='11', pageStart='1827', pageEnd='2010', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773794085156, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773796488495, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240955673937236736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240945593548337937, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240955673937236737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240945593548337937, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1827, endPage=1841, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240945594328478483, articleId=1240945594093597457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=The metabolomics research progress of exploring biomarkers for colorectal cancer*, columnId=1239231266206314741, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Review & Monograph, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Metabolomics,as a branch of systems biology,utilizes high-throughput omics technology to investigate metabolite changes within organisms,which enable us to explore the relationship between such alterations and disease etiology or evolution,thereby providing novel research insights for identifying relevant biomarkers and screening of diseases. In recent years,metabolomics has been widely used in the field of cancer research. At the same time,the changes of metabolic pathways can be deeply discussed by using the network shared database. Given that colorectal cancer ranks as the second most prevalent malignant tumor in China,it is crucial to search for clinically valuable tumor markers. This article will highlight the progress of recent five-year metabolomics studies in different matrices to identify potential biomarkers associated with colorectal cancer(CRC),so as to provide references for early screening of CRC.

, correspAuthors=Zhuo-ling AN, Jian-yu HAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hua-guang WANG, Jiang LONG, Ying ZHANG, Xian DING, Jing-hui ZHANG, Xin-juan LIU, Zhuo-ling AN, Jian-yu HAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240945595590964012, articleId=1240945594093597457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=探索结直肠癌生物标志物的代谢组学研究进展*, columnId=1206272756753166684, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=综述专论, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

代谢组学是系统生物学的分支学科,通过高通量组学技术研究生物体内的代谢物变化,并探究这种变化与疾病病因或演变的关系,为寻找相关生物标志物和疾病筛查提供了新的研究思路,近年来已被广泛用于肿瘤领域的研究,同时应用网络共享数据库可以深入探讨代谢通路的变化。结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)是我国位居第2的恶性肿瘤,寻找有临床价值的肿瘤标志物意义重大。本文将重点介绍近5年在不同基质中进行的寻找CRC潜在生物标志物的代谢组学研究进展,为CRC的早期筛查提供参考。

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**安卓玲 Tel:13810559490;E-mail:
郝建宇 Tel:13910230892;E-mail:
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王华光 Tel:13671159579;E-mail:

龙江 Tel:13522561745;E-mail:

张莹 Tel:13810648620;E-mail:

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University,Beijing 100020,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240954721981223904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, companyId=1240954721964446685, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院 消化内科,北京 100020)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240954725990977642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Distribution of research publication times (years,number of articles), figureFileSmall=wTOXaNnVPn8qZwdMEh8raA==, figureFileBig=+/klr8fIhsTw4KrQggQiag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954726104223855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=图1 , caption=研究发表时间分布(年,篇), figureFileSmall=wTOXaNnVPn8qZwdMEh8raA==, figureFileBig=+/klr8fIhsTw4KrQggQiag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954726238441594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=National distribution of the studies (country,number of articles), figureFileSmall=tPTjklEBx4omwb0WkHIi7w==, figureFileBig=unSVgceewl1tKTXh0dZiyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954726422990975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=图2 , caption=研究的国家分布(国家,篇), figureFileSmall=tPTjklEBx4omwb0WkHIi7w==, figureFileBig=unSVgceewl1tKTXh0dZiyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954726561403017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Distribution of sample types, figureFileSmall=+t+nbdYF3OjuBq7qDPAiEA==, figureFileBig=20lH4fVq9Jzjb5o3d9EMSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954726683037834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=图3 , caption=研究的样本类型分布, figureFileSmall=+t+nbdYF3OjuBq7qDPAiEA==, figureFileBig=20lH4fVq9Jzjb5o3d9EMSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954726783701138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Distribution of detection platforms (method,number of articles), figureFileSmall=XCiFED4GvAsaF94tzhku4w==, figureFileBig=JcryC4RjXYQCkHhyMBoXvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954726859198619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=图4 , caption=检测平台分布(方法,篇), figureFileSmall=XCiFED4GvAsaF94tzhku4w==, figureFileBig=JcryC4RjXYQCkHhyMBoXvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954726943084704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Map of metabolic pathway networks associated with CRC, figureFileSmall=6k6wffMLhHOvtF8YSxfg4g==, figureFileBig=5u4VfDm9i+SQFVflztR8ug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954727035359399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=图5 , caption=与CRC相关的代谢通路网络图, figureFileSmall=6k6wffMLhHOvtF8YSxfg4g==, figureFileBig=5u4VfDm9i+SQFVflztR8ug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954727119245484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Top 25 enriched metabolic pathways associated with CRC, figureFileSmall=L3OIcISAxPoAJA5E3e6piQ==, figureFileBig=mGvzNhoHhPUybvUj6onDWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954727249268916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=图6 , caption=与CRC相关的前25位富集代谢通路, figureFileSmall=L3OIcISAxPoAJA5E3e6piQ==, figureFileBig=mGvzNhoHhPUybvUj6onDWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240954727349932221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Changes of metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with CRC in serum

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[20]2019中国(China)40
32
38
CRC
Polyp
HC
乳酸/柠檬酸比值↑(lactate/citrate↑)糖酵解;甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢;谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸代谢;丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢(glycolysis;glycine,serine and threonine metabolism;glutamine and glutamate metabolism;alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism)
[21]2020中国(China)48
47
CRC
HC
↓:丝氨酸、甘氨酸、蛋氨酸(serine,glycine,methionine)氨基酸代谢、脂肪酸合成和TCA循环(amino acid metabolism,fatty acid synthesis and TCA cycle )
[22]2020比利时
(Belgium)
35
36
CRC
HC
↑:哌啶酸、天冬酰胺、乳酸、 L-谷氨酸;↓:十五碳酸(↑:piperidinic acid,asparagine,lactic acid,L-glutamic acid;↓:pentadecanoic acid)
[23]2021马来西亚
(Malaysia)
70
70
CRC
HC
↑:次黄嘌呤、乙酰肉碱、黄嘌呤、尿酸、哌啶酸、酪氨酸、蛋氨酸、柠檬酸、5-氧脯氨酸;↓:溶血磷脂酰胆碱、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺;这11个代谢物组成panel(↑:hypoxanthine,acetylcarnitine,xanthine,uric acid,pipecolic acid,tyrosine,methionine,citric acid,5-oxoproline;↓:lysoPC,lysoPE;these 11 metabolites make up the panel)嘌呤代谢、儿茶酚胺生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢、酪氨酸代谢、甲状腺激素合成、β氧化和谷胱甘肽代谢(purine metabolism,catecholamine biosynthesis,phenylalanine metabolism,tyrosine metabolism,thyroid hormone synthesis,β oxidation and glutathione metabolism)
[24]2021中国(China)98
50
CRC
HC
↑:十六碳二元酸、4-十二烷基苯磺酸、甲酰邻氨基苯甲酸;↓:2-焦儿茶酸(↑:hexadecanedioic acid,4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid,formylanthranilic acid;↓:2-pyrocatechuic acid)维生素B代谢;丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢(vitamin B metabolism;alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism)
[25]2022中国(China)71
63
91
CRC
CRA
HC
↑:N(1)+N(8)乙酰亚精胺;↓:2-亚油基甘油(18:2)、全氟辛烷磺酸;这3个代谢物组成panel(↑:N(1)+N(8)-acetylspermidine;↓:2-linoleoylglycerol(18:2),perfluorooctane sulfonate;these 3 metabolites make up the panel)与氨基酸代谢密切相关的多肽超途径(polypeptide superpathway closely related to amino acid metabolism)
[26]2022中国(China)30
30
CRC
HC
↑:甘氨脱氧胆酸(↑:glycodeoxycholic acid)氨基酸代谢、胆汁酸代谢、脂肪酸生物合成、嘌呤代谢、糖酵解/糖异生和甘油磷脂代谢(amino acid metabolism,bile acid metabolism,fatty acid biosynthesis,purine metabolism,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,and glycerophospholipid metabolism)
[43]2022澳大利亚
(Australia)
66
76
93
CRC
AA
HC
↓:PC aa C34:4羟化鞘磷脂通过溶酶体和过氧化物酶体途径的生物合成、代谢或降解(biosynthesis,metabolism,or degradation of hydroxysphingomyelin by lysosome and peroxisome pathways)
[44]2022意大利(Italy)100
50
50
CRC
AP
HC
↓:葡萄糖、雌二醇、喹啉酸、烟酸;↑:四甘醇、果糖、酒石酸、肉豆蔻酸、丙酮酸、羟胺、油酰胺、棕榈酸(↓:glucose,estradiol,quinolinic acid,nicotinic acid;↑:tertraethylene glycol,fructose,tartaric acid,myristic acid,pyruvic acid,hydroxylamine,oleamide,palmitic acid)精氨酸生物合成;缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成;氨酰-tRNA生物合成;D-谷氨酰胺和D-谷氨酸代谢;丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢;烟酸盐和烟酰胺代谢;乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢;氮代谢;半乳糖代谢;半乳糖代谢;丁酸代谢(arginine biosynthesis;valine,leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis;aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis;D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism;alanine,aspartate,and glutamate metabolism;nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism;glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism;nitrogen metabolism;galactose metabolism;galactose metabolism;butanoate metabolism)
[45]2023中国(China)55
37
51
CRC
CRA
HC
↑:N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)、N1-甲基腺苷(m1A)、3-甲基尿苷(m3U);↓:N2-甲基鸟苷(m2G)、2’-O-甲基尿苷(Um)、2’-O-甲基鸟苷(Gm);这6个代谢物组成panel(↑:N6-methyladenosine (m6A),N1-methyladenosine (m1A),3-methyluridine (m3U);↓:N2-methylguanosine (m2G),2’-O-methyluridine (Um),2’-O-methylguanosine (Gm);these 6 metabolites make up the panel)
[46]2023中国(China)8
8
14
CRC
CRA
HC
↓:3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸、A-D-葡萄糖、D-甘露糖、N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖、L-胱氨酸、肌氨酸;↑:12-廿碳四烯酸、血栓素2、鹅去氧胆酸(↓:3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoiz acid,A-D-glucose,D-mannose,N-acetyl-D-glucosamine,L-cystine,sarcosine;↑:12-Hete,TXB2,chenodeoxycholic acid)氨基酸、脂肪酸、碳水化合物和胆汁酸的代谢紊乱参与肿瘤的生长(metabolic disorders of amino acids,fatty acids,carbohydrates,and bile acids are involved in the growth of tumors)
[47]2023中国(China)62
61
CRC
HC
↑:N-苯乙酰天冬氨酸、酪氨酸-γ-谷氨酸、酪氨酸-丝氨酸;↓:鞘氨醇(↑:N-phenylacetyl aspartic acid,tyrosyl-γ-glutamate,Tyr-Ser;↓:sphingosine)精氨酸生物合成、嘧啶代谢、泛酸和辅酶A生物合成(arginine biosynthesis,pyrimidine metabolism,pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954727438012612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

血清中与CRC相关的代谢物和代谢通路变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[20]2019中国(China)40
32
38
CRC
Polyp
HC
乳酸/柠檬酸比值↑(lactate/citrate↑)糖酵解;甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢;谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸代谢;丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢(glycolysis;glycine,serine and threonine metabolism;glutamine and glutamate metabolism;alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism)
[21]2020中国(China)48
47
CRC
HC
↓:丝氨酸、甘氨酸、蛋氨酸(serine,glycine,methionine)氨基酸代谢、脂肪酸合成和TCA循环(amino acid metabolism,fatty acid synthesis and TCA cycle )
[22]2020比利时
(Belgium)
35
36
CRC
HC
↑:哌啶酸、天冬酰胺、乳酸、 L-谷氨酸;↓:十五碳酸(↑:piperidinic acid,asparagine,lactic acid,L-glutamic acid;↓:pentadecanoic acid)
[23]2021马来西亚
(Malaysia)
70
70
CRC
HC
↑:次黄嘌呤、乙酰肉碱、黄嘌呤、尿酸、哌啶酸、酪氨酸、蛋氨酸、柠檬酸、5-氧脯氨酸;↓:溶血磷脂酰胆碱、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺;这11个代谢物组成panel(↑:hypoxanthine,acetylcarnitine,xanthine,uric acid,pipecolic acid,tyrosine,methionine,citric acid,5-oxoproline;↓:lysoPC,lysoPE;these 11 metabolites make up the panel)嘌呤代谢、儿茶酚胺生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢、酪氨酸代谢、甲状腺激素合成、β氧化和谷胱甘肽代谢(purine metabolism,catecholamine biosynthesis,phenylalanine metabolism,tyrosine metabolism,thyroid hormone synthesis,β oxidation and glutathione metabolism)
[24]2021中国(China)98
50
CRC
HC
↑:十六碳二元酸、4-十二烷基苯磺酸、甲酰邻氨基苯甲酸;↓:2-焦儿茶酸(↑:hexadecanedioic acid,4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid,formylanthranilic acid;↓:2-pyrocatechuic acid)维生素B代谢;丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢(vitamin B metabolism;alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism)
[25]2022中国(China)71
63
91
CRC
CRA
HC
↑:N(1)+N(8)乙酰亚精胺;↓:2-亚油基甘油(18:2)、全氟辛烷磺酸;这3个代谢物组成panel(↑:N(1)+N(8)-acetylspermidine;↓:2-linoleoylglycerol(18:2),perfluorooctane sulfonate;these 3 metabolites make up the panel)与氨基酸代谢密切相关的多肽超途径(polypeptide superpathway closely related to amino acid metabolism)
[26]2022中国(China)30
30
CRC
HC
↑:甘氨脱氧胆酸(↑:glycodeoxycholic acid)氨基酸代谢、胆汁酸代谢、脂肪酸生物合成、嘌呤代谢、糖酵解/糖异生和甘油磷脂代谢(amino acid metabolism,bile acid metabolism,fatty acid biosynthesis,purine metabolism,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,and glycerophospholipid metabolism)
[43]2022澳大利亚
(Australia)
66
76
93
CRC
AA
HC
↓:PC aa C34:4羟化鞘磷脂通过溶酶体和过氧化物酶体途径的生物合成、代谢或降解(biosynthesis,metabolism,or degradation of hydroxysphingomyelin by lysosome and peroxisome pathways)
[44]2022意大利(Italy)100
50
50
CRC
AP
HC
↓:葡萄糖、雌二醇、喹啉酸、烟酸;↑:四甘醇、果糖、酒石酸、肉豆蔻酸、丙酮酸、羟胺、油酰胺、棕榈酸(↓:glucose,estradiol,quinolinic acid,nicotinic acid;↑:tertraethylene glycol,fructose,tartaric acid,myristic acid,pyruvic acid,hydroxylamine,oleamide,palmitic acid)精氨酸生物合成;缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成;氨酰-tRNA生物合成;D-谷氨酰胺和D-谷氨酸代谢;丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢;烟酸盐和烟酰胺代谢;乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢;氮代谢;半乳糖代谢;半乳糖代谢;丁酸代谢(arginine biosynthesis;valine,leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis;aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis;D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism;alanine,aspartate,and glutamate metabolism;nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism;glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism;nitrogen metabolism;galactose metabolism;galactose metabolism;butanoate metabolism)
[45]2023中国(China)55
37
51
CRC
CRA
HC
↑:N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)、N1-甲基腺苷(m1A)、3-甲基尿苷(m3U);↓:N2-甲基鸟苷(m2G)、2’-O-甲基尿苷(Um)、2’-O-甲基鸟苷(Gm);这6个代谢物组成panel(↑:N6-methyladenosine (m6A),N1-methyladenosine (m1A),3-methyluridine (m3U);↓:N2-methylguanosine (m2G),2’-O-methyluridine (Um),2’-O-methylguanosine (Gm);these 6 metabolites make up the panel)
[46]2023中国(China)8
8
14
CRC
CRA
HC
↓:3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸、A-D-葡萄糖、D-甘露糖、N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖、L-胱氨酸、肌氨酸;↑:12-廿碳四烯酸、血栓素2、鹅去氧胆酸(↓:3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoiz acid,A-D-glucose,D-mannose,N-acetyl-D-glucosamine,L-cystine,sarcosine;↑:12-Hete,TXB2,chenodeoxycholic acid)氨基酸、脂肪酸、碳水化合物和胆汁酸的代谢紊乱参与肿瘤的生长(metabolic disorders of amino acids,fatty acids,carbohydrates,and bile acids are involved in the growth of tumors)
[47]2023中国(China)62
61
CRC
HC
↑:N-苯乙酰天冬氨酸、酪氨酸-γ-谷氨酸、酪氨酸-丝氨酸;↓:鞘氨醇(↑:N-phenylacetyl aspartic acid,tyrosyl-γ-glutamate,Tyr-Ser;↓:sphingosine)精氨酸生物合成、嘧啶代谢、泛酸和辅酶A生物合成(arginine biosynthesis,pyrimidine metabolism,pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954727538675914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Changes of metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with CRC in plasma

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[27]2018中国(China)245
245
CRC
HC
↑:吡啶甲酸、硒代胱氨酸、2,3-环氧甲萘醌;↓:PE(20:0/18:2)、 5,6:8,9-二环氧麦角甾-22-烯-3,7β-二醇、2-甲基-4-苯基-2-丁基2-乙酯、PC(22:6/18:0)、4-(甲硫基)丁酸乙酯、PE(p-16:0/20:4)(↑:picolinic acid,selenocystine,2,3-epoxymenaquinone;↓:PE(20:0/18:2),5,6:8,9-diepoxyergost-22-ene-3,7beta-diol,2-methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl 2-methylpropanoate,PC(22:6/18:0),ethyl 4-(methylthio)butyrate,PE(p-16:0/20:4))
[28]2019意大利(Italy)15
9
CRC
HC
↑:D-甘露糖;↓:蛋氨酸(↑:D-mannose;↓:methionine)单糖分解代谢、氨基酸代谢(monosaccharide catabolism,amino acid metabolism)
[29]2019荷兰
(Netherlands)
268
353
CRC
HC
↑:牛磺酸、次黄嘌呤;↓:缬氨酸、亮氨酸、胆红素、1-甲基烟酰胺(↑:taurine,hypoxanthine;↓:valine,leucine,bilirubin,1-methylnicotinamide)
[30]2019美国
(America)
30
30
CRC
HC
↑:2,3,4-三甲基己烷、3-乙基己烷;↓:2,4-二甲基庚-1-烯、3,5-二甲基辛烷、2,4,6-三甲基-1-壬烯(↑:2,3,4-trimethyl-hexane,3-ethyl-hexane;↓:2,4-dimethylhept-1-ene,3,5-dimethyl-octane,2,4,6-trimethyl-1-nonene)
[31]2019美国
(America)
26
10
CRC
HC
↑:四氢叶酸、5-甲基四氢叶酸、吡哆酸、维生素B6、甲基丙二酸;↓:叶酸、维生素B2、S-腺苷甲硫胺酸、S-腺苷甲硫胺酸/S-腺苷同型半胱氨酸、叶酸/四氢叶酸、叶酸/5-甲基四氢叶酸(↑:tetrahydrofolate,5-methyltetrahydrofolate,pyridoxic acid,pyridoxal,methylmalonic acid;↓:folic acid,riboflavin,S-adenosyl methionine,SAM/SAH,FA/THF,FA/5MTHF)
[32]2020中国(China)51
52
CRC
HC
↓:PE(18:2/16:1)、PE(P-18:2/18:2)、PE(P-18:1/18:2)、PE(P-18:1/22:5)、PA(20:0/18:2)、PA(18:0/18:2);↑:PE(O-18:0/16:0)、FFA(20:5)、FFA(22:4)、FFA(20:0)、 FAHFA(16:0/18:2);这11个代谢物组成panel(these 11 metabolites make up the panel)
[33]2021澳大利亚
(Australia)
88
400
CRC
CRA
↓:酰基肉碱、缬氨酸、甘油磷脂、脂肪酸、胆红素;
↑:胆汁酸、咖啡因、脯氨酸、细菌色氨酸代谢物(↓:acylcarnitine,valine,glycerophospholipids,fatty acids,bilirubin;↑:bile acids,caffeine,proline,bacterial tryptophan metabolites)
咖啡因代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、牛磺酸和次牛磺酸代谢、氨基酸代谢(caffeine metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,taurine and hypotaurine metabolism,amino acid metabolism)
[48]2021美国
(America)
517
517
CRC
HC
↑:胍基乙酸盐、2’-O-甲基胞苷、香草扁桃酸盐、胆红素(EE)、N-棕榈酰甘氨酸;↓:3-甲基黄嘌呤(↑:guanidinoacetate,2’-O-methylcytidine,vanillylmandelate,bilirubin(E,E),N-palmitoylglycine;↓:3-methylxanthine)脂质代谢、氨基酸代谢、外源性代谢(lipid metabolism,amino acid metabolism,exogenous metabolism)
[49]2021法国(France)612
999
CRC
HC
↓:色氨酸;↑:血清素、犬尿氨酸/色氨酸比值(↓:tryptophan;↑:serotonin,kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio)
[50]2022意大利(Italy)50
52
CRC
HC
↑:鸟氨酸、乙酰精胺(↑:ornithine,acetylornithine)
[51]2023中国(China)210
79
CRC
HC
↓:鸟氨酸、精氨酸、十八烷酰肉毒碱、棕榈酰肉毒碱、己二酰肉毒碱(↓:ornithine,arginine,octadecanoyl carnitine,palmitoyl carnitine,adipoyl carnitine)脂肪酸降解;精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢;苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成(fatty acid degradation;arginine and proline metabolism;phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan biosynthesis)
[52]2023中国(China)88
40
CRC
HC
↑:油酸、fatty acid(18:2)(↑:oleic acid,fatty acid(18:2))氮代谢、甘油代谢、醚脂代谢、谷胱甘肽代谢、嘌呤代谢、鞘脂代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、亚油酸代谢、花生四烯酸代谢等(nitrogen metabolism,glycerol metabolism,ether lipid metabolism,glutathione metabolism,purine metabolism,sphingolipid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,linoleic acid metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolism,etc.)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954727656116433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

血浆中与CRC相关的代谢物和代谢通路变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[27]2018中国(China)245
245
CRC
HC
↑:吡啶甲酸、硒代胱氨酸、2,3-环氧甲萘醌;↓:PE(20:0/18:2)、 5,6:8,9-二环氧麦角甾-22-烯-3,7β-二醇、2-甲基-4-苯基-2-丁基2-乙酯、PC(22:6/18:0)、4-(甲硫基)丁酸乙酯、PE(p-16:0/20:4)(↑:picolinic acid,selenocystine,2,3-epoxymenaquinone;↓:PE(20:0/18:2),5,6:8,9-diepoxyergost-22-ene-3,7beta-diol,2-methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl 2-methylpropanoate,PC(22:6/18:0),ethyl 4-(methylthio)butyrate,PE(p-16:0/20:4))
[28]2019意大利(Italy)15
9
CRC
HC
↑:D-甘露糖;↓:蛋氨酸(↑:D-mannose;↓:methionine)单糖分解代谢、氨基酸代谢(monosaccharide catabolism,amino acid metabolism)
[29]2019荷兰
(Netherlands)
268
353
CRC
HC
↑:牛磺酸、次黄嘌呤;↓:缬氨酸、亮氨酸、胆红素、1-甲基烟酰胺(↑:taurine,hypoxanthine;↓:valine,leucine,bilirubin,1-methylnicotinamide)
[30]2019美国
(America)
30
30
CRC
HC
↑:2,3,4-三甲基己烷、3-乙基己烷;↓:2,4-二甲基庚-1-烯、3,5-二甲基辛烷、2,4,6-三甲基-1-壬烯(↑:2,3,4-trimethyl-hexane,3-ethyl-hexane;↓:2,4-dimethylhept-1-ene,3,5-dimethyl-octane,2,4,6-trimethyl-1-nonene)
[31]2019美国
(America)
26
10
CRC
HC
↑:四氢叶酸、5-甲基四氢叶酸、吡哆酸、维生素B6、甲基丙二酸;↓:叶酸、维生素B2、S-腺苷甲硫胺酸、S-腺苷甲硫胺酸/S-腺苷同型半胱氨酸、叶酸/四氢叶酸、叶酸/5-甲基四氢叶酸(↑:tetrahydrofolate,5-methyltetrahydrofolate,pyridoxic acid,pyridoxal,methylmalonic acid;↓:folic acid,riboflavin,S-adenosyl methionine,SAM/SAH,FA/THF,FA/5MTHF)
[32]2020中国(China)51
52
CRC
HC
↓:PE(18:2/16:1)、PE(P-18:2/18:2)、PE(P-18:1/18:2)、PE(P-18:1/22:5)、PA(20:0/18:2)、PA(18:0/18:2);↑:PE(O-18:0/16:0)、FFA(20:5)、FFA(22:4)、FFA(20:0)、 FAHFA(16:0/18:2);这11个代谢物组成panel(these 11 metabolites make up the panel)
[33]2021澳大利亚
(Australia)
88
400
CRC
CRA
↓:酰基肉碱、缬氨酸、甘油磷脂、脂肪酸、胆红素;
↑:胆汁酸、咖啡因、脯氨酸、细菌色氨酸代谢物(↓:acylcarnitine,valine,glycerophospholipids,fatty acids,bilirubin;↑:bile acids,caffeine,proline,bacterial tryptophan metabolites)
咖啡因代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、牛磺酸和次牛磺酸代谢、氨基酸代谢(caffeine metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,taurine and hypotaurine metabolism,amino acid metabolism)
[48]2021美国
(America)
517
517
CRC
HC
↑:胍基乙酸盐、2’-O-甲基胞苷、香草扁桃酸盐、胆红素(EE)、N-棕榈酰甘氨酸;↓:3-甲基黄嘌呤(↑:guanidinoacetate,2’-O-methylcytidine,vanillylmandelate,bilirubin(E,E),N-palmitoylglycine;↓:3-methylxanthine)脂质代谢、氨基酸代谢、外源性代谢(lipid metabolism,amino acid metabolism,exogenous metabolism)
[49]2021法国(France)612
999
CRC
HC
↓:色氨酸;↑:血清素、犬尿氨酸/色氨酸比值(↓:tryptophan;↑:serotonin,kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio)
[50]2022意大利(Italy)50
52
CRC
HC
↑:鸟氨酸、乙酰精胺(↑:ornithine,acetylornithine)
[51]2023中国(China)210
79
CRC
HC
↓:鸟氨酸、精氨酸、十八烷酰肉毒碱、棕榈酰肉毒碱、己二酰肉毒碱(↓:ornithine,arginine,octadecanoyl carnitine,palmitoyl carnitine,adipoyl carnitine)脂肪酸降解;精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢;苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成(fatty acid degradation;arginine and proline metabolism;phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan biosynthesis)
[52]2023中国(China)88
40
CRC
HC
↑:油酸、fatty acid(18:2)(↑:oleic acid,fatty acid(18:2))氮代谢、甘油代谢、醚脂代谢、谷胱甘肽代谢、嘌呤代谢、鞘脂代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、亚油酸代谢、花生四烯酸代谢等(nitrogen metabolism,glycerol metabolism,ether lipid metabolism,glutathione metabolism,purine metabolism,sphingolipid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,linoleic acid metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolism,etc.)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954727781945558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Changes of metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with CRC in urine

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[34]2019韩国(Korea)56
36
156
CRC
AA
HC
↑:牛磺酸、丙氨酸、3-氨基异丁酸
(↑:taurine,alanine,3-aminoisobutyrate)
[35]2019加拿大(Canada)171
171
CRC
HC
↑:双乙酰精胺、犬尿氨酸;这2个代谢物组成panel
(↑:diacetylspermine,kynurenine;these two metabolites make up the panel)
[36]2020中国(China)139
50
CRC
HC
↓:3-甲基组氨酸、马尿酸;↑:N-庚酰甘氨酸、N1,N12-双乙酰精胺(↓:3-methylhistidine,hippurate;↑:N-heptanoylglycine,N1,N12-diacetylspermine)碱性羧酸、氨基酸等的合成和分解代谢;维生素B12代谢(synthesis and degradation metabolism of basic carboxylic acid and amino acids;vitamin B12 metabolism)
[37]2022中国(China)67
21
CRC
HC
↑:鹅去氧胆酸、单磷酸腺苷;↓:香草酸、乙醇酸、组氨酸、壬二酸、羟丙酸、甘氨酸、3,4-二羟基扁桃酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、酮戊二酸、高瓜氨酸;这12个代谢物组成panel(↑:chenodeoxycholic acid,adenosine monophosphate;↓:vanillic acid,glycolic acid,histidine,azelaic acid,hydroxypropionic acid,glycine,3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid,4-hydroxybenzoic acid,oxoglutaric acid,homocitrulline;these 12 metabolites make up the panel)氨基酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢、脂质代谢(amino acid metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism,lipid metabolism)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954727924551905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

尿液中与CRC相关的代谢物和代谢通路变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[34]2019韩国(Korea)56
36
156
CRC
AA
HC
↑:牛磺酸、丙氨酸、3-氨基异丁酸
(↑:taurine,alanine,3-aminoisobutyrate)
[35]2019加拿大(Canada)171
171
CRC
HC
↑:双乙酰精胺、犬尿氨酸;这2个代谢物组成panel
(↑:diacetylspermine,kynurenine;these two metabolites make up the panel)
[36]2020中国(China)139
50
CRC
HC
↓:3-甲基组氨酸、马尿酸;↑:N-庚酰甘氨酸、N1,N12-双乙酰精胺(↓:3-methylhistidine,hippurate;↑:N-heptanoylglycine,N1,N12-diacetylspermine)碱性羧酸、氨基酸等的合成和分解代谢;维生素B12代谢(synthesis and degradation metabolism of basic carboxylic acid and amino acids;vitamin B12 metabolism)
[37]2022中国(China)67
21
CRC
HC
↑:鹅去氧胆酸、单磷酸腺苷;↓:香草酸、乙醇酸、组氨酸、壬二酸、羟丙酸、甘氨酸、3,4-二羟基扁桃酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、酮戊二酸、高瓜氨酸;这12个代谢物组成panel(↑:chenodeoxycholic acid,adenosine monophosphate;↓:vanillic acid,glycolic acid,histidine,azelaic acid,hydroxypropionic acid,glycine,3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid,4-hydroxybenzoic acid,oxoglutaric acid,homocitrulline;these 12 metabolites make up the panel)氨基酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢、脂质代谢(amino acid metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism,lipid metabolism)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954728054575342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Changes of metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with CRC in feces

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[38]2021意大利(Italy)32
16
38
CRC
AP
HC
↓:3-羟基苯乙酸、甲醇、半乳糖、乙酸酯、木糖、异丁酸盐、丁酸盐、丙酸盐、葡萄糖、烟酸;↑:甘油、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸(↓:3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,methanol,galactose,ethyl acetate,xylose,isobutyrate,butyrate,propionate,glucose,nicotinic acid;↑:glycerol,valine,leucine,phenylalanine)缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成与降解;氨酰基-tRNA生物合成;苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸的生物合成;丙烷代谢;半乳糖代谢(biosynthesis and degradation of valine,leucine,and isoleucine;biosynthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA;biosynthesis of phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan;propane metabolism;galactose metabolism)
[39]2022西班牙(Spain)40
40
40
CRC
AA
HC
↑:STLVT(多肽类物质)、乳糖基-N-棕榈酰-鞘氨醇、血红蛋白;↓:硫酸糖胆酸盐、胆红素E,E(↑:STLVT(peptide substances),lactosyl-N-palmitoyl-sphingosine,hemoglobin;↓:glycocholenate sulfate,bilirubin E,E)组氨酸代谢、脂肪酸代谢、次级胆汁酸代谢、嘧啶代谢、黄嘌呤代谢(histidine metabolism,fatty acid metabolism,secondary bile acid metabolism,purine metabolism,xanthine metabolism)
[40]2022中国(China)118
140
128
CRC
CRA
HC
↑:L-丙氨酸、L-天冬氨酸、氧戊二酸、L-苯丙氨酸、L-α-氨基丁酸、苯乙酸、棕榈油酸、3-氨基异丁酸、正缬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、壬酸、氧代己二酸、烟酸、庚二酸、L-高丝氨酸、鸟氨酸;↓:丁酸、α-亚麻酸、亚油酸、2-羟基丁酸;这20个代谢物组成panel(↑:L-alanine,L-aspartic acid,oxoglutaric acid,L-phenylalanine,L-alpha-aminobutyric acid,phenylacetic acid,palmitoleic acid,3-aminoisobutanoic acid,norvaline,gamma-aminobutyric acid,nonanoic acid,oxoglutaric acid,nicotinic acid,oxalic acid,L-homoserine,ornithine;↓:butyric acid,alpha-linolenic acid,linoleic acid,2-hydroxybutyric acid;these 20 metabolites make up the panel)氨酰基-tRNA生物合成;缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成;苯丙氨酸代谢;苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成(aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis;valine,leucine,and isoleucine biosynthesis;phenylalanine metabolism;phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan biosynthesis)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954728155238644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

粪便中与CRC相关的代谢物和代谢通路变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[38]2021意大利(Italy)32
16
38
CRC
AP
HC
↓:3-羟基苯乙酸、甲醇、半乳糖、乙酸酯、木糖、异丁酸盐、丁酸盐、丙酸盐、葡萄糖、烟酸;↑:甘油、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸(↓:3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,methanol,galactose,ethyl acetate,xylose,isobutyrate,butyrate,propionate,glucose,nicotinic acid;↑:glycerol,valine,leucine,phenylalanine)缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成与降解;氨酰基-tRNA生物合成;苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸的生物合成;丙烷代谢;半乳糖代谢(biosynthesis and degradation of valine,leucine,and isoleucine;biosynthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA;biosynthesis of phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan;propane metabolism;galactose metabolism)
[39]2022西班牙(Spain)40
40
40
CRC
AA
HC
↑:STLVT(多肽类物质)、乳糖基-N-棕榈酰-鞘氨醇、血红蛋白;↓:硫酸糖胆酸盐、胆红素E,E(↑:STLVT(peptide substances),lactosyl-N-palmitoyl-sphingosine,hemoglobin;↓:glycocholenate sulfate,bilirubin E,E)组氨酸代谢、脂肪酸代谢、次级胆汁酸代谢、嘧啶代谢、黄嘌呤代谢(histidine metabolism,fatty acid metabolism,secondary bile acid metabolism,purine metabolism,xanthine metabolism)
[40]2022中国(China)118
140
128
CRC
CRA
HC
↑:L-丙氨酸、L-天冬氨酸、氧戊二酸、L-苯丙氨酸、L-α-氨基丁酸、苯乙酸、棕榈油酸、3-氨基异丁酸、正缬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、壬酸、氧代己二酸、烟酸、庚二酸、L-高丝氨酸、鸟氨酸;↓:丁酸、α-亚麻酸、亚油酸、2-羟基丁酸;这20个代谢物组成panel(↑:L-alanine,L-aspartic acid,oxoglutaric acid,L-phenylalanine,L-alpha-aminobutyric acid,phenylacetic acid,palmitoleic acid,3-aminoisobutanoic acid,norvaline,gamma-aminobutyric acid,nonanoic acid,oxoglutaric acid,nicotinic acid,oxalic acid,L-homoserine,ornithine;↓:butyric acid,alpha-linolenic acid,linoleic acid,2-hydroxybutyric acid;these 20 metabolites make up the panel)氨酰基-tRNA生物合成;缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成;苯丙氨酸代谢;苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成(aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis;valine,leucine,and isoleucine biosynthesis;phenylalanine metabolism;phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan biosynthesis)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954728264290557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Changes of metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with CRC in tissue

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[41]2019日本(Japan)10CRC↑:黄嘌呤、腺嘌呤、次黄嘌呤、尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶、含硫氨基酸、犬尿氨酸、喹啉酸、花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸;↓:色氨酸、葡萄糖、三磷酸核苷、5-磷酸核酮糖、尿酸(↑:xanthine,adenine,hypoxanthine,uracil,thymine,sulfur-containing amino acids,kynurenine,quinolinic acid,arachidonic acid,docosahexaenoic acid;↓:tryptophan,glucose,nucleoside triphosphate,ribose-5-phosphate,uric acid)
[42]2023中国(China)35CRC↑:N-α-乙酰-ε-(2-丙烯醛)-赖氨酸、环(谷氨酸-谷氨酸)、环(苯丙氨酸-谷氨酸);↓:无水β-葡萄糖、溶血磷脂酰胆碱、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺、溶血磷脂酰肌醇、肉碱、单磷酸硫胺素等(↑:N-α-acetyl-ε(2propenal)lys,cyclo(GluGlu),cyclo(PheGlu);↓:anhydrous beta-glucose,lysophosphatidylcholine,lysophosphatidylethanolamine,lysophosphatidylinositol,carnitine,monophosphoryl thiamine,etc)氨基酸、碳水化合物、脂类、核苷酸、激素和维生素的代谢(metabolism of amino acids,carbohydrates,lipids,nucleotides,hormones,and vitamins)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954728360759558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

组织中与CRC相关的代谢物和代谢通路变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[41]2019日本(Japan)10CRC↑:黄嘌呤、腺嘌呤、次黄嘌呤、尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶、含硫氨基酸、犬尿氨酸、喹啉酸、花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸;↓:色氨酸、葡萄糖、三磷酸核苷、5-磷酸核酮糖、尿酸(↑:xanthine,adenine,hypoxanthine,uracil,thymine,sulfur-containing amino acids,kynurenine,quinolinic acid,arachidonic acid,docosahexaenoic acid;↓:tryptophan,glucose,nucleoside triphosphate,ribose-5-phosphate,uric acid)
[42]2023中国(China)35CRC↑:N-α-乙酰-ε-(2-丙烯醛)-赖氨酸、环(谷氨酸-谷氨酸)、环(苯丙氨酸-谷氨酸);↓:无水β-葡萄糖、溶血磷脂酰胆碱、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺、溶血磷脂酰肌醇、肉碱、单磷酸硫胺素等(↑:N-α-acetyl-ε(2propenal)lys,cyclo(GluGlu),cyclo(PheGlu);↓:anhydrous beta-glucose,lysophosphatidylcholine,lysophosphatidylethanolamine,lysophosphatidylinositol,carnitine,monophosphoryl thiamine,etc)氨基酸、碳水化合物、脂类、核苷酸、激素和维生素的代谢(metabolism of amino acids,carbohydrates,lipids,nucleotides,hormones,and vitamins)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954728465617166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

Changes of metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with CRC in other studies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
分析方法
(analytical method)
样本类型
(sample type)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[53]2019中国
(China)
70
70
CRC
HC
NMR粪便+组织
(feces+tissue)
粪便:乙酸↓(feces:acetic acid↓)糖酵解、三羧酸循环、谷氨酰胺分解、短链脂肪酸代谢(glycolysis,tricarboxylic acid cycle,glutamine catabolism,short-chain fatty acid metabolism)
[54]2019中国
(China)
107
73
CRC
Polyp
LC-MS血浆+组织
(plasma+tissue)
血浆:↑:二氢胸腺嘧啶、L-古龙γ-内酯;↓:鹅去氧胆酸、肌酐、组氨酸-甘氨酸、 L-色氨酸、L-酪氨酸、黄嘌呤组成panel(plasma:↑:dihydrothymine,L-gulonic γ-lactone;↓:chenodeoxycholic acid,creatinine,histidine-glycine,L-tryptophan,L-tyrosine,xanthine compound:a panel)胆汁酸代谢、氨基酸代谢、嘧啶和嘌呤代谢(bile acid metabolism,amino acid metabolism,purine and pyrimidine metabolism)
[55]2021中国
(China)
48CRCGC-MS血清+组织
(serum+tissue)
血清:↑:硬脂酸、3-羟丁酸、9,12-十八碳二烯酸、胆固醇、葡萄糖等13个代谢物;组织:↑:L-乳酸、3-羟丁酸;↓:2,3-丁二醇、胆固醇、硬脂酸等17个代谢物(serum:↑:stearic acid,3-hydroxybutyric acid,9,12-octadecadienoic acid,cholesterol,glucose,etc.(13 metabolites);
tissue:↑:L-lactic acid,3-hydroxybutyric acid;↓:2,3-butanediol,cholesterol,stearic acid,etc.(17 metabolites))
肌醇磷酸代谢、初级胆汁酸生物合成、磷脂酰肌醇信号系统、亚油酸代谢(inositol phosphate metabolism,primary bile acid synthesis,phosphatidylinositol signaling system,linoleic acid metabolism)
[56]2021中国
(China)
60
60
CRC
Polyp
CPSI-MS+DESI-MSI血清+组织
(serum+tissue)
血清:↑:乌头酸、异柠檬酸/柠檬酸、丙酮酸;↓:谷氨酰胺、精氨酸(serum:↑:aconitic acid,isocitric acid/citric acid,pyruvic acid;↓:glutamine,arginine)柠檬酸循环;精氨酸生物合成;精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢;羧酸和二羧酸代谢;丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢(citric acid cycle;arginine biosynthesis;arginine and proline metabolism;carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism;alanine,aspartic acid,and glutamic acid metabolism)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954728587251991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

其他研究中与CRC相关的代谢物和代谢通路变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
(literature)
发表年
(cited year)
国家
(state)
n分组
(group)
分析方法
(analytical method)
样本类型
(sample type)
潜在生物标志物/差异代谢物
(potential biomarker/differential metabolite)
代谢通路
(metabolic pathway)
[53]2019中国
(China)
70
70
CRC
HC
NMR粪便+组织
(feces+tissue)
粪便:乙酸↓(feces:acetic acid↓)糖酵解、三羧酸循环、谷氨酰胺分解、短链脂肪酸代谢(glycolysis,tricarboxylic acid cycle,glutamine catabolism,short-chain fatty acid metabolism)
[54]2019中国
(China)
107
73
CRC
Polyp
LC-MS血浆+组织
(plasma+tissue)
血浆:↑:二氢胸腺嘧啶、L-古龙γ-内酯;↓:鹅去氧胆酸、肌酐、组氨酸-甘氨酸、 L-色氨酸、L-酪氨酸、黄嘌呤组成panel(plasma:↑:dihydrothymine,L-gulonic γ-lactone;↓:chenodeoxycholic acid,creatinine,histidine-glycine,L-tryptophan,L-tyrosine,xanthine compound:a panel)胆汁酸代谢、氨基酸代谢、嘧啶和嘌呤代谢(bile acid metabolism,amino acid metabolism,purine and pyrimidine metabolism)
[55]2021中国
(China)
48CRCGC-MS血清+组织
(serum+tissue)
血清:↑:硬脂酸、3-羟丁酸、9,12-十八碳二烯酸、胆固醇、葡萄糖等13个代谢物;组织:↑:L-乳酸、3-羟丁酸;↓:2,3-丁二醇、胆固醇、硬脂酸等17个代谢物(serum:↑:stearic acid,3-hydroxybutyric acid,9,12-octadecadienoic acid,cholesterol,glucose,etc.(13 metabolites);
tissue:↑:L-lactic acid,3-hydroxybutyric acid;↓:2,3-butanediol,cholesterol,stearic acid,etc.(17 metabolites))
肌醇磷酸代谢、初级胆汁酸生物合成、磷脂酰肌醇信号系统、亚油酸代谢(inositol phosphate metabolism,primary bile acid synthesis,phosphatidylinositol signaling system,linoleic acid metabolism)
[56]2021中国
(China)
60
60
CRC
Polyp
CPSI-MS+DESI-MSI血清+组织
(serum+tissue)
血清:↑:乌头酸、异柠檬酸/柠檬酸、丙酮酸;↓:谷氨酰胺、精氨酸(serum:↑:aconitic acid,isocitric acid/citric acid,pyruvic acid;↓:glutamine,arginine)柠檬酸循环;精氨酸生物合成;精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢;羧酸和二羧酸代谢;丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢(citric acid cycle;arginine biosynthesis;arginine and proline metabolism;carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism;alanine,aspartic acid,and glutamic acid metabolism)
), ArticleFig(id=1240954728746635551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=EN, label=Tab.7, caption=

Differential metabolites and their changes found in three or more studies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号(No.)代谢物(metabolite)血清(serum)血浆(plasma)尿液(urine)粪便(feces)组织(tissue)
1甘氨酸(glycine)↑↓
2蛋氨酸(methionine)↓↑2↓
3组氨酸(histidine)2↓
4丙氨酸(alanine)2↑
5缬氨酸(valine)2↓2↑
6亮氨酸(leucine)2↓↑
7色氨酸(tryptophan)2↓
8酪氨酸(tyrosine)↓↑2↓
9苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)2↑
10脯氨酸(proline)↑↓
11鸟氨酸(ornithine)↑↓
12谷氨酸(glutamic acid)↓↑
13谷氨酰胺(glutamine)↓↑
14葡萄糖(glucose)↓↑2↓
15黄嘌呤(xanthine)2↑↓2↑
16次黄嘌呤(hypoxanthine)2↑
17溶血磷脂酰胆碱(lysophosphatidylcholine)2↓
18溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(lysophosphatidylethanolamine)2↓
19胆红素(bilirubin)2↓↑
20丁酸(butyrate)2↓
213-羟基丁酸(3-hydroxybutyric acid)2↑↓
22乳酸(lactic acid)2↑2↑
23牛磺酸(taurine)
24甘油(glycerinum)↓↑
), ArticleFig(id=1240954728855687460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240945594093597457, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

3项及以上研究中发现的差异代谢物及其变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号(No.)代谢物(metabolite)血清(serum)血浆(plasma)尿液(urine)粪便(feces)组织(tissue)
1甘氨酸(glycine)↑↓
2蛋氨酸(methionine)↓↑2↓
3组氨酸(histidine)2↓
4丙氨酸(alanine)2↑
5缬氨酸(valine)2↓2↑
6亮氨酸(leucine)2↓↑
7色氨酸(tryptophan)2↓
8酪氨酸(tyrosine)↓↑2↓
9苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)2↑
10脯氨酸(proline)↑↓
11鸟氨酸(ornithine)↑↓
12谷氨酸(glutamic acid)↓↑
13谷氨酰胺(glutamine)↓↑
14葡萄糖(glucose)↓↑2↓
15黄嘌呤(xanthine)2↑↓2↑
16次黄嘌呤(hypoxanthine)2↑
17溶血磷脂酰胆碱(lysophosphatidylcholine)2↓
18溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(lysophosphatidylethanolamine)2↓
19胆红素(bilirubin)2↓↑
20丁酸(butyrate)2↓
213-羟基丁酸(3-hydroxybutyric acid)2↑↓
22乳酸(lactic acid)2↑2↑
23牛磺酸(taurine)
24甘油(glycerinum)↓↑
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探索结直肠癌生物标志物的代谢组学研究进展*
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王华光 1 , 龙江 2 , 张莹 1 , 丁贤 1 , 张静慧 1 , 刘心娟 3 , 安卓玲 1, ** , 郝建宇 3, **
药物分析杂志 | 综述专论 2024,44(11): 1827-1841
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药物分析杂志 | 综述专论 2024, 44(11): 1827-1841
探索结直肠癌生物标志物的代谢组学研究进展*
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王华光1 , 龙江2 , 张莹1 , 丁贤1, 张静慧1, 刘心娟3, 安卓玲1, ** , 郝建宇3, **
作者信息
  • 1.首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院 药事部,北京 100020
  • 2.北京中医药大学东直门医院北京市中西医肿瘤微创医学中心,北京 101121
  • 3.首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院 消化内科,北京 100020
  • 王华光 Tel:13671159579;E-mail:

    龙江 Tel:13522561745;E-mail:

    张莹 Tel:13810648620;E-mail:

通讯作者:

**安卓玲 Tel:13810559490;E-mail:
郝建宇 Tel:13910230892;E-mail:
The metabolomics research progress of exploring biomarkers for colorectal cancer*
Hua-guang WANG1 , Jiang LONG2 , Ying ZHANG1 , Xian DING1, Jing-hui ZHANG1, Xin-juan LIU3, Zhuo-ling AN1, ** , Jian-yu HAO3, **
Affiliations
  • 1.Department of Pharmacy,Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China
  • 2.Beijing Minimally Invasive Oncology Medical Center of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 101121,China
  • 3.Department of Gastroenterology,Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China
出版时间: 2024-12-01 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0158
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代谢组学是系统生物学的分支学科,通过高通量组学技术研究生物体内的代谢物变化,并探究这种变化与疾病病因或演变的关系,为寻找相关生物标志物和疾病筛查提供了新的研究思路,近年来已被广泛用于肿瘤领域的研究,同时应用网络共享数据库可以深入探讨代谢通路的变化。结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)是我国位居第2的恶性肿瘤,寻找有临床价值的肿瘤标志物意义重大。本文将重点介绍近5年在不同基质中进行的寻找CRC潜在生物标志物的代谢组学研究进展,为CRC的早期筛查提供参考。

代谢组学  /  结直肠癌  /  生物标志物  /  肿瘤标志物  /  代谢物  /  进展

Metabolomics,as a branch of systems biology,utilizes high-throughput omics technology to investigate metabolite changes within organisms,which enable us to explore the relationship between such alterations and disease etiology or evolution,thereby providing novel research insights for identifying relevant biomarkers and screening of diseases. In recent years,metabolomics has been widely used in the field of cancer research. At the same time,the changes of metabolic pathways can be deeply discussed by using the network shared database. Given that colorectal cancer ranks as the second most prevalent malignant tumor in China,it is crucial to search for clinically valuable tumor markers. This article will highlight the progress of recent five-year metabolomics studies in different matrices to identify potential biomarkers associated with colorectal cancer(CRC),so as to provide references for early screening of CRC.

metabolomics  /  colorectal cancer  /  biomarkers  /  tumor markers  /  metabolite  /  progress
王华光, 龙江, 张莹, 丁贤, 张静慧, 刘心娟, 安卓玲, 郝建宇. 探索结直肠癌生物标志物的代谢组学研究进展*. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (11) : 1827 -1841 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0158
Hua-guang WANG, Jiang LONG, Ying ZHANG, Xian DING, Jing-hui ZHANG, Xin-juan LIU, Zhuo-ling AN, Jian-yu HAO. The metabolomics research progress of exploring biomarkers for colorectal cancer*[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (11) : 1827 -1841 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0158
结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)是全球第三大最常见恶性肿瘤,其死亡率在全球癌症相关死亡中排名第2,2020年全球新增CRC病例超过190万例,死亡93.5万例。国家癌症中心2022年中国恶性肿瘤数据显示,CRC发病率位居全部恶性肿瘤第2位,消化道肿瘤第1位,死亡率居第4位。随着国人生活方式和饮食结构的西化,近年来CRC发病率呈上升趋势[1-3],且早发性CRC的发病率在全球呈上升趋势[4-5],严重威胁人民健康。因此,降低CRC的发病率和死亡率已成为我国乃至全球亟待解决的公共卫生问题。
CRC的发展大多遵循“腺瘤-癌”序列,即由其癌前病变——结直肠腺瘤(colorectal adenomas,CRA),经过5~10年逐渐进展为癌,这也为疾病的早期诊断和治疗提供了重要的时间窗口[6-7]。CRC的预后与临床分期密切相关,早期诊治,可显著降低发病率和死亡率[5]。近几十年来,许多国家实施了CRC早期筛查计划,取得了明显成效[8]。常用的筛查技术包括粪便隐血测试或免疫化学试验、多靶点粪便DNA检测;血清肿瘤标志物和血浆septin 9基因甲基化检测;乙状结肠或结肠镜检、CT结肠镜、胶囊内镜检查等[8-10]。虽然结肠镜检查是目前CRC筛查诊断的金标准,但其具有侵入性、出血、穿孔的风险,且患者感觉不适,费用较高,故不适合大规模的癌症筛查;而现有筛查试验的特异性和敏感性较低,因此,迫切需要寻找新的、有意义的生物标志物用于CRC早期筛查[11]
代谢组学的兴起与发展,为寻找有潜力的CRC生物标志物提供了新的检测思路和手段。本文将简要介绍代谢组学概况,并着重阐述其在探究CRC生物标志物或差异代谢物方面的研究进展,为CRC的早期诊治提供研究参考。
代谢组学是继基因、转录、蛋白质组学之后出现的系统生物学分支,是研究生物体内代谢物(相对分子质量<1 500)的变化,并寻找其对内、外因作用产生应答规律的科学。代谢组学技术具有高通量、无创、高灵敏度和特异性等优点[12],已被广泛用于消化道肿瘤及其他系统肿瘤患者生物样本中代谢变化和肿瘤标志物的发现[13-15]
根据不同的研究目的,可以将代谢组学分为靶向和非靶向代谢组学。靶向代谢组学主要是对目标或已知代谢物进行多重分析,以标准品为参照,可实现精准的定性和定量分析,但对物质的检测覆盖率低;非靶向代谢组学是对生物体内所有小分子代谢物进行无偏向检测,有利于寻找新的生物标志物,物质覆盖率广,但定量准确度低,数据分析难度大[12]。因此,在实际应用中需要根据具体的实验目的进行选择。代谢组学常用的检测技术平台主要有核磁共振(nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR)、气相色谱-质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)和液相色谱-质谱联用(liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,LC-MS)3种。NMR技术可以提供代谢物的结构信息,而质谱技术可以快速准确地检测代谢物的种类和含量,每种技术平台在检测灵敏度、准确性和再现性方面各有优缺点,平台的选择主要取决于研究目的和代谢物的特点[16]
代谢组学研究的样本类型种类繁多,包括生物流体(如血清、血浆、尿液、脑脊液、唾液、胆汁、粪便等)、组织、细胞提取物等[17]。其中,血液和尿液样本因其反映了个体的整体代谢状态、无创、很容易获得而成为代谢组学研究常用的样本类型。血清、血浆均可被应用于靶向或非靶向代谢组学研究,虽然从同一受试者采集的血清和血浆样本中观察到代谢谱差异,但二者并无优劣之分[18];尿液采集过程相对简单,可在家中或诊所进行,但由于昼夜节律和食物摄入会干扰代谢谱,因此,采集时间至关重要;粪便也是一种无创的生物样本,可提供代谢变化和肠道微生物组状况的相关信息,可用于研究肠道菌群代谢物在癌症发生发展中的作用;组织和细胞样本常用于探索疾病的病理机制,利用肿瘤组织进行代谢组学研究的困难在于样本的异质性,可用组织量有限,需要进行侵入性取样以及需要1个非肿瘤组织样本作为对照,通常需由经验丰富的外科医生从同一患者身上取样[19]。同时收集个体的多种生物样本是理想的选择,因为它们可以提供互补的代谢信息,或者可以进行交叉验证,已引起越来越多研究者的关注。选择何种类型的样本开展实验,取决于课题的研究目的和检测目标[2]
本文检索了PubMed近5年发表的在人群中进行的有关寻找CRC潜在生物标志物或差异代谢物的代谢组学研究,对研究主旨和内容筛选后,最终纳入37篇文献进行分析。
文献发表时间分布见图1,中国学者发表的代谢组学研究居首位,其次是意大利、美国等(图2)。研究的样本类型包括血清、血浆、尿液、粪便、组织等,其中,基于血液的研究占比最大(64%)(图3)。代谢物检测平台以LC-MS为主(图4)。
近年来,不同国家的研究者采用多种代谢组学技术平台进行了与结直肠肿瘤发生、发展相关的生物标志物或差异代谢物的代谢组学研究,下面将按照不同生物样本(生物流体和/或组织样本)分类加以综述。
Gu等[20]采用NMR法检测了40例CRC患者、32例结直肠息肉患者和38例健康对照(HC)的血清代谢物,发现与HC相比,CRC患者的乳酸、甘氨酸和谷氨酰胺水平升高,谷氨酸、天冬氨酸水平下降;而在息肉患者中,与CRC患者相同的是乳酸和天冬氨酸的变化,不同的是谷氨酰胺水平下降。经受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析,乳酸/柠檬酸比值的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.827,可作为区分CRC患者和HC的潜在生物标志物;乙酸/甘油比值(AUC=0.831)可作为区分息肉和HC的潜在生物标志物。代谢通路分析显示,CRC异常代谢途径为糖酵解和氨基酸代谢激活。
Bian等[21]采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法(UHPLC Q-TOF MS法)分析了48例CRC患者和47例HC血清的羧酸代谢组,发现丝氨酸、甘氨酸、蛋氨酸和同型半胱氨酸水平在CRC组显著下调,由这4个代谢物组成的代谢物组(panel)做ROC曲线,结果显示AUC、敏感性和特异性在训练集和验证集分别为0.94和0.98,93.0%和93.3%,87.5%和86.7%,前3个代谢物还通过了体外代谢流量验证,被认为是潜在生物标志物。差异代谢主要富集在氨基酸代谢、脂肪酸合成和TCA循环。
Di等[22]采用综合二维气相色谱-高分辨飞行时间质谱(GC×GC-HRTOF-MS)联用技术分析了35例CRC患者和36例HC的血清代谢物,共发现24个候选生物标志物水平变化,能有效区分CRC患者和HC(AUC 0.86,敏感性0.72,特异性0.78)。应用效应量分析发现,有10个代谢物具有疾病特异性,其中已鉴定出的有哌啶酸、天冬酰胺、乳酸等(表1)。
Amir等[23]采用液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法(LC-Q TOF MS法)对CRC患者和HC各70例的血清代谢组进行分析,发现与HC相比,CRC患者有11个代谢物水平发生变化(表1),由其组成的panel区分CRC患者和HC的准确性为80%,其中,酪氨酸、次黄嘌呤、乙酰肉碱和蛋氨酸的区分能力更优(灵敏度和特异度为70%~90%)。通路分析显示CRC时嘌呤代谢、氨基酸代谢等改变。
Zhang等[24]采用LC-MS技术分析了98例CRC患者和50例HC的血清代谢谱,发现9个差异代谢物,ROC曲线分析后,有4个代谢物(十六碳二元酸、4-十二烷基苯磺酸、2-焦儿茶酸和甲酰邻氨基苯甲酸)的AUC均>0.7,可作为潜在生物标志物。代谢通路分析显示,与CRC相关的维生素B代谢及氨基酸代谢激活。
Gao等[25]采用UPLC-MS技术分析了71例CRC患者、63例CRA患者和91例HC的血清代谢轮廓,发现CRC中咪唑丙酸、血清素和2-亚油基甘油(18:2)等多个代谢物水平发生变化;CRC和CRA 2组特征间存在明显重叠,有25个代谢物呈一致性改变。筛选发现,由N(1)+N(8)乙酰亚精胺、2-亚油基甘油(18:2)和全氟辛烷磺酸3个代谢物组成的panel可较好地预测CRC,在训练集和验证集中的AUC分别为0.967和0.821;预测CRC不同分期的AUC为0.744~0.893;预测CRA的AUC为0.662。疾病代谢通路变化表现为多肽超途径改变。
Yuan等[26]采用超高效液相色谱与四极杆飞行时间质谱联用法(UPLC-Q TOF MS)对CRC患者和HC各30例的血清进行代谢组学分析发现,与HC相比,CRC组有15个血清代谢物水平发生明显变化,如磷酸核糖甲酰胺降低、分支酸和甘氨脱氧胆酸升高等,后者的水平升高与CRC呈正相关,具有更高的灵敏度和特异度,诊断AUC为0.825,为CRC的预测提供了新的生物标志物。通路分析显示,氨基酸代谢、胆汁酸代谢、脂肪酸生物合成等参与CRC的发生发展。
血清研究的代谢物和代谢通路信息详见表1,本节另5篇同类研究的主要结果一并见表1
Shu等[27]采用气相色谱飞行时间质谱(GC-TOF MS)和UPLC-Q TOF MS联合法进行了前瞻性病例对照研究(245 CRC和245 HC,按性别、年龄匹配),结果共发现与CRC有关的差异代谢物35个,其中12个是甘油磷脂,主要与CRC呈负相关,其他23个代谢物包括7个脂质、7个芳香化合物、5个有机酸和4个其他有机化合物。进一步分析后确定9个代谢物(表2)与CRC独立相关,以其构建的预测模型的AUC为0.76。
Barberini等[28]采用GC-MS法分析了15例CRC患者和9例HC的血浆中的单糖和氨基酸。有9个代谢物(D-甘露糖和果糖等)水平在CRC患者中明显升高,而有11个氨基衍生物(蛋氨酸、赖氨酸和脯氨酸等)水平明显降低。研究表明,D-甘露糖和蛋氨酸作为CRC早期诊断和预后生物标志物的作用值得扩大样本进一步验证。通路分析显示,CRC最显著改变的代谢途径是单糖的分解代谢和氨基酸代谢途径。
Geijsen等[29]采用UHPLC-Q TOF MS技术分析了268例CRC患者和353例HC的血浆代谢组,共发现15个差异代谢物,其中,牛磺酸、次黄嘌呤等4个在CRC组水平升高(与HC相比),而缬氨酸、亮氨酸等11个在CRC组水平减少。应用Spearman法探索代谢物-代谢物相关性,发现所有LysoPCs与LysoPE(22:6)、LysoPE (20:4)呈弱的正相关;缬氨酸与亮氨酸呈高度正相关;牛磺酸、次黄嘌呤等6个代谢物水平(表2)参与CRC的生物学机制值得未来深入探讨。
Kim等[30]采用GC-MS技术检测了CRC患者和HC各30例血浆中与CRC相关的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),结果发现有5个代谢物水平(表2)经多次比较后仍具有显著性差异。其中2,3,4-三甲基己烷和2,4-二甲基庚-1-烯都是脂质过氧化产物,本研究为首次发现二者和CRC有关,还需用更大的样本量进行验证。
Asante等[31]采用LC-MS法对26例CRC患者和10例HC的血浆样本先进行非靶向代谢组学研究,发现某些差异代谢物与叶酸依赖的单糖代谢(FOCM)有关,后采用靶向分析来证明这些代谢物是否能用来区分CRC患者和HC。最终发现四氢叶酸、5-甲基四氢叶酸等在CRC组中水平升高,而叶酸、维生素B2等水平降低(表2);代表甲基化能力的S-腺苷甲硫胺酸/S-腺苷同型半胱氨酸以及叶酸/四氢叶酸和叶酸/5-甲基四氢叶酸的比值均降低,这些潜在生物标志物用于区分疾病的成功率为97.2%,提示FOCM改变可能与CRC相关。
Liu等[32]采用UHPLC-MS技术对51例早期(Ⅰ、Ⅱ期)CRC患者和52例HC的血浆样本进行脂质组学分析,结果发现11个脂质如磷脂酰乙醇胺、游离脂肪酸等(表2)在早期CRC和HC中表现出良好的鉴别效果,验证集中ROC曲线的AUC为0.981、敏感性为1、特异性为0.885,提示脂质组学是发现潜在癌症诊断生物标志物的有力工具。
Gumpenberger等[33]采用UHPLC-Q TOF MS法对88例CRC患者和高、低风险CRA患者各200例进行了代谢组学分析,结果显示,酰基肉碱类、甘油磷脂类、咖啡因等48个代谢物水平在2组之间存在差异。代谢通路分析发现,异常途径有咖啡因代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、氨基酸代谢等(表2),提示维持和驱动细胞能量的代谢途径和肠道微生物在CRC中起作用。
血浆研究的代谢物和代谢通路信息详见表2,本节另5篇同类研究的主要结果一并见表2
Kim等[34]采用NMR法分析了56例CRC患者、36例晚期腺瘤(AA)患者和156例HC的尿液代谢谱,结果发现11个代谢物水平在结直肠肿瘤和HC之间差异显著。经ROC分析,最终确定牛磺酸、丙氨酸、3-氨基异丁酸(可能是能量补充中间体的一部分)为CRC鉴别的关键标志物,其AUC分别为0.823、0.783和0.842。
Deng等[35]采用LC-MS法对新诊断的CRC患者和HC各171例的尿液代谢谱进行分析。结果发现,有17个代谢物水平在CRC和HC之间存在差异,其中,双乙酰精胺和犬尿氨酸的最大变化见于HC和CRC 0期患者,因此提示这2个代谢物组合可用作CRC早期筛查的生物标志物(AUC为0.864,敏感性和特异性均为80%)。
Deng等[36]采用UHPLC-Q TOF MS法分析了139例CRC患者和50例HC的尿液代谢谱,发现2组间有焦谷氨酸、蛋氨酸和5-乙酰氨基戊酸酯等41个差异代谢物,其大多在细胞增殖、分化和免疫系统中起重要作用;该研究建立了由3-甲基组氨酸和马尿酸等4个代谢物(表3)构成的预测模型,其AUC、敏感性、特异性在训练集和测试集分别为0.98、94.3%、92.0%和0.968、89.9%、92.2%。代谢途径分析发现维生素B12代谢与CRC有关,提示炎症反应或免疫系统异常可能与CRC的易感性有关。
Zhu等[37]采用UPLC-MS法对67例CRC患者和21例HC的尿液进行代谢组学分析,与HC相比,CRC组共有降胆酸、肉豆蔻酸等48个差异代谢物被鉴定,分析显示由鹅去氧胆酸、香草酸和单磷酸腺苷等12个生物标志物(表3)组成的panel能够区分CRC患者和HC,经不同统计方法验证的AUC为0.934~1,敏感性为0.885~1,特异性为0.983~1。代谢途径分析提示,氨基酸、碳水化合物和脂质代谢通路发生失调。
尿液研究的代谢物和代谢通路信息详见表3
Nannini等[38]采用NMR技术测定了32例CRC患者、16例腺瘤型息肉(AP)患者和38例HC的粪便代谢物。结果显示,CRC和AP的代谢物既有相似又有区别,如与HC相比,短链脂肪酸在2组中均呈明显下降趋势;而与AP相比,CRC组缬氨酸、酪氨酸和亮氨酸的水平更高,这可能是由于CRC大面积上皮炎症和损伤导致吸收不良所致;CRC和HC之间的代谢物差异最显著(表4)。疾病相关的代谢途径变化详见表4
Telleria等[39]采用UPLC-MS技术比较了40例CRC患者、40例AA患者和40例HC的粪便代谢谱。结果发现,与AA和HC相比,CRC组有25个代谢物发生异常(17个上调,8个下调),筛选后最终纳入STLVT(多肽类物质)、硫酸糖胆酸盐和胆红素E,E等5个代谢物(表4)作为生物标志物构建CRC预测模型,其AUC、敏感性和特异性分别为0.95、0.7和1,准确性为91.67%。此外,研究提示CRC时脂质代谢途径变化最大,约占代谢物改变的60%。
Coker等[40]采用GC-TOF MS技术测定了118例CRC患者、140例CRA患者和128例HC的粪便代谢物,结果发现L-丙氨酸、L-天冬氨酸等20个差异代谢物(表4)可作为CRC潜在生物标志物,其用来区分CRC和HC、CRC和CRA以及CRA和HC的AUC分别为0.80、0.79和0.66;还发现从HC到CRA再到CRC,正缬氨酸和肉豆蔻酸呈增加趋势,提示其参与疾病的进展。通路分析显示,CRC相关代谢物富集于支链氨基酸、芳香氨基酸等的生物合成途径。
粪便研究的代谢物和代谢通路信息详见表4
Kibi等[41]基于GC-MS和LC-MS技术分析了10例CRC患者的癌组织及其邻近正常组织样本中的代谢物。与正常组织相比,癌组织显示出更高水平的含硫氨基酸(SAA);与犬尿氨酸途径相关的有机酸、黄嘌呤等核苷酸、维生素(如泛酸和抗坏血酸)、参与能量代谢的葡萄糖和三磷酸核苷水平在癌组织中降低;而大多数溶血磷脂和脂肪酸水平在癌组织中升高。
Kang等[42]采用UHPLC-MS法测定了35例CRC患者的癌组织及其邻近正常组织中的代谢物,发现2种组织间有24个差异代谢物(表5),其中只有N-α-乙酰基-ε-(2-丙烯醛)-赖氨酸、环状(谷氨酸-谷氨酸)和环状(苯丙氨酸-谷氨酸)3个代谢物在CRC中升高,其余均降低;右侧CRC中溶血卵磷脂水平高于左侧,CRC不同分期间代谢物水平亦存在差异。差异代谢物涉及的代谢途径见表5
有些代谢组学研究同时涉及2种样本类型,如血液或粪便与组织联合,试图寻找不同类型样本代谢物之间的关联,进而证实潜在生物标志物的意义等。这类研究的主要结果详见表6
综上,不同研究在不同的生物样本中进行了CRC相关的代谢标志物探索,某些差异代谢物在不同生物样本中重复出现,其水平的变化方向可能相同或相反,如溶血磷脂酰胆碱在CRC患者的血液和组织中均降低,组氨酸在血清和尿液中均降低,丙氨酸和缬氨酸在尿液和粪便中升高、血浆中降低,葡萄糖在粪便和组织中均降低、在尿液中升高等等。此外,前述研究还提示,在CRC患者的粪便和组织中重复检出的代谢物水平变化较稳定(变化方向多相同),例如丙氨酸在不同研究的粪便样本中均为升高,且在肿瘤组织中也升高等等。这些多次被检出的差异代谢物值得将来进一步探究。在3项及以上研究中均提到的差异代谢物及其变化见表7。利用现有研究中重复出现的差异代谢物进行代谢通路富集分析,结果见图5图6图5提示了可能参与CRC代谢的通路及其网络关联;图6展示了前25位代谢通路,其中谷氨酸代谢、氨回收、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、谷胱甘肽代谢、瓦博格效应以及甘氨酸和丝氨酸代谢是比较重要的代谢途径。
代谢组学研究可以捕捉生物体内代谢改变的信号,为疾病的发病机制、演变、诊断与预后预测等方面提供了新的探索思路。近年来,CRC生物标志物的代谢组学研究比较一致的结论是,体内氨基酸、脂质和碳水化合物等代谢物发生明显变化,与之相关的氨基酸合成与代谢、脂代谢、糖代谢和糖酵解等途径也发生改变。不同研究的结果有相似也有差异,同一种血清中的代谢物水平在不同研究中可能呈现相反的方向,这些差异可能与研究设计、人群选择、样本处理方法、分析方法等不同有关。未来,代谢组学研究需要在上述方面形成相对统一、完善的研究策略,清晰的流程,样本量不宜过少(以往有些研究只有十几例),以提高研究结果的重现性;同时,可利用现有证据较多的代谢物作为研究对象,在大样本人群中进行靶向代谢组学分析与验证,如能结合肠道微生物组学等多组学研究,将会提供更为有力的研究证据。此外,目前的结直肠肿瘤代谢组学的研究对象主要为结直肠良性、恶性肿瘤及健康对照,还未纳入胃肠道其他肿瘤作为疾病对照,因此现已发现的潜在差异代谢物的疾病特异性问题还有待更深入的研究。期待能早日发现具有临床价值的、高灵敏度和特异度的肿瘤标志物,以指导临床CRC的早期筛查,降低死亡率,提高人们的生活质量和生存时间。
  • *北京市属医院科研培育计划项目(PG2020008)
  • 北京自然科学基金-青年项目(7244463)
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2024年第44卷第11期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0158
  • 接收时间:2024-03-11
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-12-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-11
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*北京市属医院科研培育计划项目(PG2020008)
北京自然科学基金-青年项目(7244463)
作者信息
    1.首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院 药事部,北京 100020
    2.北京中医药大学东直门医院北京市中西医肿瘤微创医学中心,北京 101121
    3.首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院 消化内科,北京 100020

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**安卓玲 Tel:13810559490;E-mail:
郝建宇 Tel:13910230892;E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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