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Article(id=1240688784677851271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240688783964819588, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0123, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1708963200000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773732857149, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1727625600000, pubDateStr=2024-09-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773732857149, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773732857149, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773732857149, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240688783964819588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, year='2024', volume='44', issue='9', pageStart='1463', pageEnd='1645', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773732856979, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773733032821, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240689521587712627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240688783964819588, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240689521587712628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, issueId=1240688783964819588, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1535, endPage=1550, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240688784933703818, articleId=1240688784677851271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=EN, title=Study on chemical composition difference between ancient and modern Baihe Dihuang decoction based on multi-component analysis, columnId=1206272758774821315, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, columnName=Standard Deliberation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective: To study the difference of chemical composition between ancient and modern clinical prescriptions of Baihe Dihuang decoction by multi-component analysis. Methods: The polysaccharide extract of Baihe Dihuang decoction was determined by anthrone-sulfuric acid-ultraviolet spectrophotometer under 580 nm ultraviolet light. Six monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in the ancient and modern Baihe Dihuang decoction were determined by UPLC-CAD. An Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120 HILIC-Z (3.0×100 mm, 2.7 μm) column was used. The mobile phase was consisted of A 0.2% ammonia in acetonitrile and 0.2% ammonia in water with gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1, the column temperature 35 ℃ and the CAD detector nebulizer temperature was 70 ℃. Data acquisition frequency was 10 Hz and the filter was 1.05 s. The injection volumn was 2 μL. The non-polar components were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by high performance liquid-quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS) and high performance liquid-phase tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ MS), respectively. The differential components of ancient and modern Baihe Dihuang Decoction were analyzed and 9 components were determined. Results: The linear relationship of 6 mono-oligosaccharides/polysaccharides and 9 differential components was good (r>0.999). The average recoveries ranged from 97.7% to 104.9% with RSDs≤3.1%. Precision, repeatability and stability met the requirements. The results showed that the conents of all the analytes in ancient and modern Baihe Dihuang decoction were significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion: The methods used in this experiment are accurate, sensitive, stable and reproducible, which can provide reference for the quality control and pharmacodynamic material basic research of Baihe Dihuang Decoction.

, correspAuthors=Yu FU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Fu-kang JIA, Jian-hui FENG, Bi-ying WANG, Rong-wei LIU, Sui-qing CHEN, Yu FU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240688786896638157, articleId=1240688784677851271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, language=CN, title=基于多组分分析的百合地黄汤古、今组方化学成分差异性研究, columnId=1206272758971953622, journalTitle=药物分析杂志, columnName=标准研讨, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的：采用多组分分析法研究百合地黄汤古代与现代临床组方化学成分差异。方法：采用蒽酮-硫酸-紫外分光光度计法在580 nm紫外光下对百合地黄汤多糖提取液进行测定。采用高效液相色谱串联电喷雾检测器（UPLC-CAD），使用Agilent Infinity Lab Poroshell 120 HILIC-Z（3.0 mm×100 mm，2.7 μm）色谱柱，流动相A为0.2%氨水-乙腈，流动相B为0.2%氨水-纯水，梯度洗脱，流速0.8 mL·min-1，柱温为35 ℃，CAD检测器雾化器温度70 ℃，分别对百合地黄汤古代方和现代方中6个单、寡糖成分进行定量分析。采用高效液相色谱-四极杆串联飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS）及高效液相色谱串联三重四极杆质谱（UPLC-QQQ MS），分析百合地黄汤古代方与现代方的差异性成分，并对9个差异性成分进行定量分析。结果：百合地黄汤多糖与6个单寡糖及9个差异性成分在各自的测定范围内线性关系良好（r>0.999），平均加样回收率在97.7%~104.9%，RSD≤3.1%。精密度、重复性、稳定性均符合要求。结果表明百合地黄汤古代方与现代方的多糖、单寡糖含量以及9个差异性成分含量均具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论：本实验从多种化学成分角度明确了百合地黄汤古、今组方的差异。所采用方法均准确灵敏，稳定性和重复性好，可为百合地黄汤的临床应用与高品质中药制剂的开发提供参考。

, correspAuthors=付钰, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
** Tel: 15138671610; E-mail:
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Tel: 17638186173; E-mail:

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Tel: 17638186173; E-mail:

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Tel: 17638186173; E-mail:

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2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-medicine, Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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2.河南中医药大学　豫药全产业链研发河南省协同创新中心，郑州　450046
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articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Determination of polysaccharide content in BDD-A and BDD-M, figureFileSmall=J1qRjmRSF5GS1CbbDVt73g==, figureFileBig=ufbMk6ANSItDD6Rxb2Qvyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704453490307136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=图2, caption=百合地黄汤古代方与现代方多糖含量测定结果, figureFileSmall=J1qRjmRSF5GS1CbbDVt73g==, figureFileBig=ufbMk6ANSItDD6Rxb2Qvyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704453574193217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Chromatograms of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in Baihe Dihuang decoction modern and ancient formulations, figureFileSmall=7xFF/kLzpcw5pQU2dvidXg==, figureFileBig=OPHIoPBDpMBCpV4CwCtWFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704453653884997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=图3, caption=百合地黄汤现代方和古代方中单糖、寡糖色谱图

a.混合对照品（mixed reference substance）　b.BDD-A　c.BDD-M

, figureFileSmall=7xFF/kLzpcw5pQU2dvidXg==, figureFileBig=OPHIoPBDpMBCpV4CwCtWFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704453750353995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Total ion chromatograms of ancient and modern BDD in positive（A） and negative（B） ion modes, figureFileSmall=viSl3TV2GPZZ0MnVPGAwnw==, figureFileBig=beFoBx3H0nItEX9XyQFK9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704453842628688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=图4, caption=正（A）、负（B）离子模式下百合地黄汤古代方及现代方的总离子流图

1.梓醇（catalpol）　2.地黄苷D（rhmannioside D）　3.地黄苷A（rhmannioside A）　4.益母草苷（ajugol）　5.王百合苷C（regaloside C）　6.王百合苷A（regaloside A）　7.王百合苷F（regaloside F）　8.王百合苷E（regaloside E）　9.王百合苷 B（regaloside B）

, figureFileSmall=viSl3TV2GPZZ0MnVPGAwnw==, figureFileBig=beFoBx3H0nItEX9XyQFK9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704453989429334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Results of PCA (A) and OPLS-DA (B) analysis in positive ion models；Results of PCA (C) and OPLS-DA (D) analysis in negative ion mode, figureFileSmall=qAqty5UakzEHou5qGIgzww==, figureFileBig=HkLZQUoSImTa8+T4d8y+1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704454090092637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=图5, caption=正离子模式下PCA（A）及OPLS-DA（B）结果；负离子模式下PCA（C）及OPLS-DA（D）结果, figureFileSmall=qAqty5UakzEHou5qGIgzww==, figureFileBig=HkLZQUoSImTa8+T4d8y+1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704454178173025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Multi-reaction monitoring (MRM) spectra of 9 components in BDD, figureFileSmall=lT818nOPf220GUZl8eqTgQ==, figureFileBig=AImBII/RmoYgQL1fY2FNgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704454438219878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=图6, caption=百合地黄汤9个成分多重反应监测（MRM）谱图

1.梓醇（catalpol）　2.地黄苷D（rhmannioside D）　3.地黄苷A（rhmannioside A）　4.益母草苷（ajugol）　5.王百合苷 C（regaloside C）　6.王百合苷 A（regaloside A）　7.王百合苷F（regaloside F）　8.王百合苷E（regaloside E）　9.王百合苷B（regaloside B）　10. 7-O-甲基莫诺苷（7-O-methyl morroniside）

, figureFileSmall=lT818nOPf220GUZl8eqTgQ==, figureFileBig=AImBII/RmoYgQL1fY2FNgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704454538883183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=The proportion of polysaccharides，monosaccharides，oligosaccharides and 9 differential components in BDD, figureFileSmall=EVSYeSYZsTtXa548y4S9AA==, figureFileBig=ut8rO5O389nllRawSNBMKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704454618574965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=图7, caption=百合地黄汤多糖组分，单、寡糖组分与9种差异性成分占比图, figureFileSmall=EVSYeSYZsTtXa548y4S9AA==, figureFileBig=ut8rO5O389nllRawSNBMKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240704454677295227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Information of 15 batches of medicinal materials in modern BDD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品批号
( sample No.)		干百合 (Lilii Bulbus)生地 (Rehmanniae Radix)
批号 (No.)来源 (source)批号 (No.)来源 (source)
BDD-M1LY-11湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-1河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M2LY-1江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)SDH-2河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M3LY-2湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-3河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M4LY-10湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-4河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M5LY-9江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)SDH-5河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M6LY-6江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)SDH-6河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M7LY-8江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)SDH-7河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M8LY-4湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-8河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M9LY-11湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-9河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M10LY-7湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-10河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M11LY-5湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-11河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M12LY-3湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-12河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M13LY-11湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-13河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M14LY-12湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-14河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M15LY-13湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-15河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
), ArticleFig(id=1240704454798930048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

15批百合地黄汤现代方药材信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品批号
( sample No.)		干百合 (Lilii Bulbus)生地 (Rehmanniae Radix)
批号 (No.)来源 (source)批号 (No.)来源 (source)
BDD-M1LY-11湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-1河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M2LY-1江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)SDH-2河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M3LY-2湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-3河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M4LY-10湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-4河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M5LY-9江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)SDH-5河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M6LY-6江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)SDH-6河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M7LY-8江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)SDH-7河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M8LY-4湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-8河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M9LY-11湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-9河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M10LY-7湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-10河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M11LY-5湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-11河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M12LY-3湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-12河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M13LY-11湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-13河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M14LY-12湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-14河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-M15LY-13湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)SDH-15河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
), ArticleFig(id=1240704454907981960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Information of 15 batches of medicinal materials in ancient BDD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品批号
( sample No.)		鲜百合 (Lilii Bulbus)鲜地黄 (Rehmanniae Radix)
批号 (No.)来源 (source)批号 (No.)来源 (source)
BDD-A1XLY-1江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-10河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A2XLY-4江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-4山西临汾 (Linfen，Shanxi)
BDD-A3XLY-5江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-14河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A4XLY-9江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-2河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A5XLY-10湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)DH-3河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A6XLY-14江西吉安 (Ji’an，Jiangxi)DH-15河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A7XLY-1江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-17河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A8XLY-15湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)DH-17河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A9XLY-4江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-14河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A10XLY-5江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-10河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A11XLY-9江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-15河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A12XLY-10湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)DH-4山西临汾 (Linfen，Shanxi)
BDD-A13XLY-14江西吉安 (Ji’an，Jiangxi)DH-2河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A14XLY-15湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)DH-4山西临汾 (Linfen，Shanxi)
BDD-A15XLY-4江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-10河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455008645261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

15批百合地黄汤古代方药材信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品批号
( sample No.)		鲜百合 (Lilii Bulbus)鲜地黄 (Rehmanniae Radix)
批号 (No.)来源 (source)批号 (No.)来源 (source)
BDD-A1XLY-1江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-10河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A2XLY-4江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-4山西临汾 (Linfen，Shanxi)
BDD-A3XLY-5江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-14河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A4XLY-9江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-2河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A5XLY-10湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)DH-3河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A6XLY-14江西吉安 (Ji’an，Jiangxi)DH-15河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A7XLY-1江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-17河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A8XLY-15湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)DH-17河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A9XLY-4江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-14河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A10XLY-5江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-10河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A11XLY-9江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-15河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A12XLY-10湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)DH-4山西临汾 (Linfen，Shanxi)
BDD-A13XLY-14江西吉安 (Ji’an，Jiangxi)DH-2河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
BDD-A14XLY-15湖南邵阳 (Shaoyang，Hunan)DH-4山西临汾 (Linfen，Shanxi)
BDD-A15XLY-4江西宜春 (Yichun，Jiangxi)DH-10河南焦作 (Jiaozuo，Henan)
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455121891473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The results of linearity

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分(component)回归方程(regression equation)r线性范围(linear range)/(mg·mL-1)
果糖（fructose）Y=0.884 9X+1.1370.999 40.031 3~4.006
蔗糖（sucrose）Y=0.726 9X+1.083 80.999 70.086 1~5.509
蜜二糖（melibiose）Y=8.772 6X+0.596 70.999 20.032 2~2.064
棉子糖（raffinose）Y=5.148 1X+0.156 20.999 90.077 9~4.986
甘露三糖（manninotriose）Y=4.112 5X-0.221 90.999 40.078 7~5.037
水苏糖（lupeose）Y=2.515 1X+0.962 50.999 10.169~10.808
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455209971861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

线性关系考察结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分(component)回归方程(regression equation)r线性范围(linear range)/(mg·mL-1)
果糖（fructose）Y=0.884 9X+1.1370.999 40.031 3~4.006
蔗糖（sucrose）Y=0.726 9X+1.083 80.999 70.086 1~5.509
蜜二糖（melibiose）Y=8.772 6X+0.596 70.999 20.032 2~2.064
棉子糖（raffinose）Y=5.148 1X+0.156 20.999 90.077 9~4.986
甘露三糖（manninotriose）Y=4.112 5X-0.221 90.999 40.078 7~5.037
水苏糖（lupeose）Y=2.515 1X+0.962 50.999 10.169~10.808
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455306440857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Contents of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in BDD-A and BDD-M

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号
(sample No.)		含量（content）/%
果糖
（fructose）		蔗糖
（sucrose）		蜜二糖
（melibiose）		棉子糖
（raffinose）		甘露三糖
（manninotriose）		水苏糖
（lupeose）
BDD-A1/14.75/5.54/58.92
BDD-A2/18.43/6.04/54.69
BDD-A3/17.59/6.78/59.01
BDD-A40.1518.32/5.38/63.73
BDD-A5/17.64/5.60/61.52
BDD-A60.1514.08/5.22/65.67
BDD-A7/13.92/5.32%/66.67
BDD-A8/14.93/5.40/65.86
BDD-A9/13.00/6.37/59.54
BDD-A10/14.20/5.07/59.65
BDD-A110.2011.13/4.99/59.20
BDD-A120.1718.11/6.48/53.52
BDD-A130.2114.22/4.99/60.51
BDD-A14/14.87/4.76/53.94
BDD-A15/14.88/5.26/67.29
BDD-M13.708.800.723.954.4531.12
BDD-M23.9310.611.065.865.0730.86
BDD-M33.6116.440.905.844.2935.66
BDD-M42.9210.281.036.002.9529.84
BDD-M53.3320.590.835.683.6438.51
BDD-M62.9922.341.206.162.6733.56
BDD-M74.1616.081.364.966.7838.00
BDD-M83.048.401.145.643.4733.50
BDD-M93.9912.742.005.664.6529.25
BDD-M102.7619.011.105.992.3532.82
BDD-M111.3219.650.826.461.6542.60
BDD-M121.5917.861.057.651.9843.60
DD-M136.358.951.685.329.9144.48
BDD-M142.3814.281.156.982.6939.92
BDD-M152.8027.291.246.272.0833.14
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455390326942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

百合地黄汤古代方与现代方单、寡糖含量结果(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号
(sample No.)		含量（content）/%
果糖
（fructose）		蔗糖
（sucrose）		蜜二糖
（melibiose）		棉子糖
（raffinose）		甘露三糖
（manninotriose）		水苏糖
（lupeose）
BDD-A1/14.75/5.54/58.92
BDD-A2/18.43/6.04/54.69
BDD-A3/17.59/6.78/59.01
BDD-A40.1518.32/5.38/63.73
BDD-A5/17.64/5.60/61.52
BDD-A60.1514.08/5.22/65.67
BDD-A7/13.92/5.32%/66.67
BDD-A8/14.93/5.40/65.86
BDD-A9/13.00/6.37/59.54
BDD-A10/14.20/5.07/59.65
BDD-A110.2011.13/4.99/59.20
BDD-A120.1718.11/6.48/53.52
BDD-A130.2114.22/4.99/60.51
BDD-A14/14.87/4.76/53.94
BDD-A15/14.88/5.26/67.29
BDD-M13.708.800.723.954.4531.12
BDD-M23.9310.611.065.865.0730.86
BDD-M33.6116.440.905.844.2935.66
BDD-M42.9210.281.036.002.9529.84
BDD-M53.3320.590.835.683.6438.51
BDD-M62.9922.341.206.162.6733.56
BDD-M74.1616.081.364.966.7838.00
BDD-M83.048.401.145.643.4733.50
BDD-M93.9912.742.005.664.6529.25
BDD-M102.7619.011.105.992.3532.82
BDD-M111.3219.650.826.461.6542.60
BDD-M121.5917.861.057.651.9843.60
DD-M136.358.951.685.329.9144.48
BDD-M142.3814.281.156.982.6939.92
BDD-M152.8027.291.246.272.0833.14
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455495184544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Optimized MRM acquisition mode parameters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
(No.)		成分
(component)		tR/min前体
(precursor)m/z		碎片离子
(product)m/z		裂解电压
(fragmentor)/V		CE/eV
1梓醇（catalpol）4.582380.1165.08110
183.0818
2地黄苷D（rhmannioside D）6.162709.2365.223038
203.223040
3地黄苷A（rhmannioside A）6.378547.2367.019032
203.219036
4益母草苷（ajugol）7.285393.145.011022
347.111010
5王百合苷 C（regaloside C）11.309415.1135.115634
161.015628
6王百合苷 A（regaloside A）13.109399.1119.114338
163.114322
7王百合苷 F（regaloside F）13.983429.1134.014340
193.014322
8王百合苷 E（regaloside E）15.45457.1161.016434
397.016422
9王百合苷 B（regaloside B）17.562441.1145.015428
381.015422
内标(IS)7-O-甲基莫诺苷（7-O-methyl morroniside）8.628465.1239.111014
159.111020
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455574876328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

优化后MRM采集模式参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
(No.)		成分
(component)		tR/min前体
(precursor)m/z		碎片离子
(product)m/z		裂解电压
(fragmentor)/V		CE/eV
1梓醇（catalpol）4.582380.1165.08110
183.0818
2地黄苷D（rhmannioside D）6.162709.2365.223038
203.223040
3地黄苷A（rhmannioside A）6.378547.2367.019032
203.219036
4益母草苷（ajugol）7.285393.145.011022
347.111010
5王百合苷 C（regaloside C）11.309415.1135.115634
161.015628
6王百合苷 A（regaloside A）13.109399.1119.114338
163.114322
7王百合苷 F（regaloside F）13.983429.1134.014340
193.014322
8王百合苷 E（regaloside E）15.45457.1161.016434
397.016422
9王百合苷 B（regaloside B）17.562441.1145.015428
381.015422
内标(IS)7-O-甲基莫诺苷（7-O-methyl morroniside）8.628465.1239.111014
159.111020
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455679733931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Tab. 6, caption=

Regression equation，correlation coefficient，concentration range and LOQ of 9 components

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
(component)		回归方程
(regression equation)		r线性范围
( linear range)/（ng·mL-1）		LOQ/（ng·mL-1）
梓醇（catalpol）Y=344.6X-43.010.999 695.215~3 087.8750.288
地黄苷D（rhmannioside D）Y=2 376X+68.070.999 4106.445~3 406.250.263
地黄苷A（rhmannioside A）Y=3 630X+11.020.999 950.928~1 629.6880.255
益母草苷（ajugol）Y=1 038X-17.540.999 8115.332~3 690.6250.287
王百合苷 C（regaloside C）Y=262.5X-30.220.999 549.414~1 581.250.247
王百合苷 A（regaloside A）Y=249.4X-30.400.999 399.219~3 1750.252
王百合苷 F（regaloside F）Y=167.4X-13.010.999 930.566~3 912.50.306
王百合苷 E（regaloside E）Y=174.5X-27.720.999 238.257~2 448.4380.383
王百合苷 B（regaloside B）Y=240.7X-46.590.999 849.656~3 1780.248
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455772008626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

9个成分的回归方程、相关系数、浓度范围、LOQ

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
(component)		回归方程
(regression equation)		r线性范围
( linear range)/（ng·mL-1）		LOQ/（ng·mL-1）
梓醇（catalpol）Y=344.6X-43.010.999 695.215~3 087.8750.288
地黄苷D（rhmannioside D）Y=2 376X+68.070.999 4106.445~3 406.250.263
地黄苷A（rhmannioside A）Y=3 630X+11.020.999 950.928~1 629.6880.255
益母草苷（ajugol）Y=1 038X-17.540.999 8115.332~3 690.6250.287
王百合苷 C（regaloside C）Y=262.5X-30.220.999 549.414~1 581.250.247
王百合苷 A（regaloside A）Y=249.4X-30.400.999 399.219~3 1750.252
王百合苷 F（regaloside F）Y=167.4X-13.010.999 930.566~3 912.50.306
王百合苷 E（regaloside E）Y=174.5X-27.720.999 238.257~2 448.4380.383
王百合苷 B（regaloside B）Y=240.7X-46.590.999 849.656~3 1780.248
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455885254841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Tab.7, caption=

Precision，repeatability，stability and average recovery results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
（component）		精密度（precision），RSD/%RSD/%平均回收率
(average recovery)/%		RSD/%
日内
（intra-day）		日间
(inter-day)		重复性
(repeatability)		稳定性
(stability)
梓醇（catalpol）1.72.01.82.3104.91.4
地黄苷D（rhmannioside D）1.72.62.11.8104.22.2
地黄苷A（rhmannioside A）1.32.11.42.198.41.6
益母草苷（ajugol）2.11.91.81.4102.51.1
王百合苷 C（regaloside C）1.11.91.72.8103.22.1
王百合苷 A（regaloside A）1.52.51.62.7102.11.8
王百合苷 F（regaloside F）1.82.81.11.598.11.4
王百合苷 E（regaloside E）1.01.32.72.299.12.3
王百合苷 B（regaloside B）0.751.70.891.3104.11.5
), ArticleFig(id=1240704455994306751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

精密度、重复性、稳定性、平均回收率试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
（component）		精密度（precision），RSD/%RSD/%平均回收率
(average recovery)/%		RSD/%
日内
（intra-day）		日间
(inter-day)		重复性
(repeatability)		稳定性
(stability)
梓醇（catalpol）1.72.01.82.3104.91.4
地黄苷D（rhmannioside D）1.72.62.11.8104.22.2
地黄苷A（rhmannioside A）1.32.11.42.198.41.6
益母草苷（ajugol）2.11.91.81.4102.51.1
王百合苷 C（regaloside C）1.11.91.72.8103.22.1
王百合苷 A（regaloside A）1.52.51.62.7102.11.8
王百合苷 F（regaloside F）1.82.81.11.598.11.4
王百合苷 E（regaloside E）1.01.32.72.299.12.3
王百合苷 B（regaloside B）0.751.70.891.3104.11.5
), ArticleFig(id=1240704456099164354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=EN, label=Tab.8, caption=

Content of 9 components in BDD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号
(sample No.)		含量（content）/(μg·g-1)
梓醇
(catalpol)		益母草苷
（ajugol）		王百合苷A
（rhmannioside A）		地黄苷D
（rhmannioside D）		王百合苷F
（rhmannioside F）		王百合苷B
（rhmannioside B）		地黄苷A
（rhmannioside A）		王百合苷C
（rhmannioside C）		王百合苷E
（rhmannioside E）
BDD-A120 613.093 471.77700.942 405.68242.166.21223.3133.085.22
BDD-A223 392.643 443.63647.222 544.35205.285.98273.1829.354.11
BDD-A318 792.293 122.78808.832 547.73194.8815.03233.0772.606.96
BDD-A423 732.083 374.48805.882 488.93256.4416.00239.2668.236.51
BDD-A518 765.423 276.42701.102 512.36142.2518.37245.4864.354.62
BDD-A621 386.634 400.85478.462 432.2179.943.31209.9414.960.90
BDD-A718 691.733 945.73637.432 503.3782.154.91236.0731.281.73
BDD-A821 186.314 121.58482.392 536.2330.445.54224.1528.630.89
BDD-A921 879.943 654.64436.052 477.63143.4010.23257.3648.527.46
BDD-A1021 689.264 029.87615.862 461.52222.0712.43266.1346.596.96
BDD-A1120 744.503 308.39719.812 454.89257.7131.57172.2385.368.56
BDD-A1220 462.813 379.26810.802 363.87312.2120.17160.5962.048.60
BDD-A1314 470.983 438.17894.932 555.69387.7611.65191.7379.8812.55
BDD-A1419 278.693 773.11714.322 401.82119.118.97192.1936.672.33
BDD-A1518 641.313614.02921.642 339.0695.468.36180.1650.712.64
BDD-M16 582.13656.321 992.763 426.2647.46627.3888.5657.768.48
BDD-M22 937.51433.421 034.674 402.3920.50274.5195.6618.692.10
BDD-M38 609.94882.451 406.434 764.6220.94174.7283.8653.923.08
BDD-M49 744.351 046.601 863.204 997.5259.85598.5362.4559.467.32
BDD-M56 696.56922.781 449.284 666.2935.95177.0697.6143.261.69
BDD-M64 036.55172.141 333.684 429.2225.6779.6075.8829.490.55
BDD-M710 882.75966.401 032.074 479.0936.07129.3775.3252.441.40
BDD-M810 234.701 376.841 105.733 454.2810.30343.82123.9516.083.87
BDD-M913 542.701 515.771 987.864 554.109.51761.4962.107.501.34
BDD-M1020 914.542 181.561 639.495 212.7027.39565.21121.4931.365.04
BDD-M1118 765.052 197.17879.225 676.0410.00276.77127.315.581.01
BDD-M1217 245.042 296.851 002.935 715.557.27323.07125.734.841.23
BDD-M137 206.03931.721 683.194 064.9825.16574.31113.9932.786.45
BDD-M149 050.251 182.941 186.045 080.546.58370.8179.853.920.72
BDD-M1512 472.751 349.071 689.444 475.288.68673.4066.2011.383.27
), ArticleFig(id=1240704456208216264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117023404326918, articleId=1240688784677851271, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

百合地黄汤9个差异性成分的含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品编号
(sample No.)		含量（content）/(μg·g-1)
梓醇
(catalpol)		益母草苷
（ajugol）		王百合苷A
（rhmannioside A）		地黄苷D
（rhmannioside D）		王百合苷F
（rhmannioside F）		王百合苷B
（rhmannioside B）		地黄苷A
（rhmannioside A）		王百合苷C
（rhmannioside C）		王百合苷E
（rhmannioside E）
BDD-A120 613.093 471.77700.942 405.68242.166.21223.3133.085.22
BDD-A223 392.643 443.63647.222 544.35205.285.98273.1829.354.11
BDD-A318 792.293 122.78808.832 547.73194.8815.03233.0772.606.96
BDD-A423 732.083 374.48805.882 488.93256.4416.00239.2668.236.51
BDD-A518 765.423 276.42701.102 512.36142.2518.37245.4864.354.62
BDD-A621 386.634 400.85478.462 432.2179.943.31209.9414.960.90
BDD-A718 691.733 945.73637.432 503.3782.154.91236.0731.281.73
BDD-A821 186.314 121.58482.392 536.2330.445.54224.1528.630.89
BDD-A921 879.943 654.64436.052 477.63143.4010.23257.3648.527.46
BDD-A1021 689.264 029.87615.862 461.52222.0712.43266.1346.596.96
BDD-A1120 744.503 308.39719.812 454.89257.7131.57172.2385.368.56
BDD-A1220 462.813 379.26810.802 363.87312.2120.17160.5962.048.60
BDD-A1314 470.983 438.17894.932 555.69387.7611.65191.7379.8812.55
BDD-A1419 278.693 773.11714.322 401.82119.118.97192.1936.672.33
BDD-A1518 641.313614.02921.642 339.0695.468.36180.1650.712.64
BDD-M16 582.13656.321 992.763 426.2647.46627.3888.5657.768.48
BDD-M22 937.51433.421 034.674 402.3920.50274.5195.6618.692.10
BDD-M38 609.94882.451 406.434 764.6220.94174.7283.8653.923.08
BDD-M49 744.351 046.601 863.204 997.5259.85598.5362.4559.467.32
BDD-M56 696.56922.781 449.284 666.2935.95177.0697.6143.261.69
BDD-M64 036.55172.141 333.684 429.2225.6779.6075.8829.490.55
BDD-M710 882.75966.401 032.074 479.0936.07129.3775.3252.441.40
BDD-M810 234.701 376.841 105.733 454.2810.30343.82123.9516.083.87
BDD-M913 542.701 515.771 987.864 554.109.51761.4962.107.501.34
BDD-M1020 914.542 181.561 639.495 212.7027.39565.21121.4931.365.04
BDD-M1118 765.052 197.17879.225 676.0410.00276.77127.315.581.01
BDD-M1217 245.042 296.851 002.935 715.557.27323.07125.734.841.23
BDD-M137 206.03931.721 683.194 064.9825.16574.31113.9932.786.45
BDD-M149 050.251 182.941 186.045 080.546.58370.8179.853.920.72
BDD-M1512 472.751 349.071 689.444 475.288.68673.4066.2011.383.27
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基于多组分分析的百合地黄汤古、今组方化学成分差异性研究
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贾福康 1 , 冯健辉 1 , 王碧莹 1 , 刘荣崴 1 , 陈随清 1, 2, 3 , 付钰 1, 2, **
药物分析杂志 | 标准研讨 2024,44(9): 1535-1550
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药物分析杂志 | 标准研讨 2024, 44(9): 1535-1550
基于多组分分析的百合地黄汤古、今组方化学成分差异性研究
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贾福康1 , 冯健辉1, 王碧莹1, 刘荣崴1, 陈随清1, 2, 3, 付钰1, 2, **
作者信息
  • 1.河南中医药大学　药学院，郑州　450046
  • 2.河南中医药大学　豫药全产业链研发河南省协同创新中心，郑州　450046
  • 3.河南中医药大学　呼吸病协同创新中心，郑州　450046

    • Tel: 17638186173; E-mail:

通讯作者:

** Tel: 15138671610; E-mail:
Study on chemical composition difference between ancient and modern Baihe Dihuang decoction based on multi-component analysis
Fu-kang JIA1 , Jian-hui FENG1, Bi-ying WANG1, Rong-wei LIU1, Sui-qing CHEN1, 2, 3, Yu FU1, 2, **
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
  • 2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-medicine, Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
  • 3.Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Diseases, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
出版时间: 2024-09-30 doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0123
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摘要
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目的：采用多组分分析法研究百合地黄汤古代与现代临床组方化学成分差异。方法：采用蒽酮-硫酸-紫外分光光度计法在580 nm紫外光下对百合地黄汤多糖提取液进行测定。采用高效液相色谱串联电喷雾检测器（UPLC-CAD），使用Agilent Infinity Lab Poroshell 120 HILIC-Z（3.0 mm×100 mm，2.7 μm）色谱柱，流动相A为0.2%氨水-乙腈，流动相B为0.2%氨水-纯水，梯度洗脱，流速0.8 mL·min-1，柱温为35 ℃，CAD检测器雾化器温度70 ℃，分别对百合地黄汤古代方和现代方中6个单、寡糖成分进行定量分析。采用高效液相色谱-四极杆串联飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS）及高效液相色谱串联三重四极杆质谱（UPLC-QQQ MS），分析百合地黄汤古代方与现代方的差异性成分，并对9个差异性成分进行定量分析。结果：百合地黄汤多糖与6个单寡糖及9个差异性成分在各自的测定范围内线性关系良好（r>0.999），平均加样回收率在97.7%~104.9%，RSD≤3.1%。精密度、重复性、稳定性均符合要求。结果表明百合地黄汤古代方与现代方的多糖、单寡糖含量以及9个差异性成分含量均具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论：本实验从多种化学成分角度明确了百合地黄汤古、今组方的差异。所采用方法均准确灵敏，稳定性和重复性好，可为百合地黄汤的临床应用与高品质中药制剂的开发提供参考。

百合地黄汤  /  多糖  /  单寡糖  /  超高液相色谱法  /  差异性成分  /  古今差异

Objective: To study the difference of chemical composition between ancient and modern clinical prescriptions of Baihe Dihuang decoction by multi-component analysis. Methods: The polysaccharide extract of Baihe Dihuang decoction was determined by anthrone-sulfuric acid-ultraviolet spectrophotometer under 580 nm ultraviolet light. Six monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in the ancient and modern Baihe Dihuang decoction were determined by UPLC-CAD. An Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120 HILIC-Z (3.0×100 mm, 2.7 μm) column was used. The mobile phase was consisted of A 0.2% ammonia in acetonitrile and 0.2% ammonia in water with gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1, the column temperature 35 ℃ and the CAD detector nebulizer temperature was 70 ℃. Data acquisition frequency was 10 Hz and the filter was 1.05 s. The injection volumn was 2 μL. The non-polar components were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by high performance liquid-quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q TOF MS/MS) and high performance liquid-phase tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ MS), respectively. The differential components of ancient and modern Baihe Dihuang Decoction were analyzed and 9 components were determined. Results: The linear relationship of 6 mono-oligosaccharides/polysaccharides and 9 differential components was good (r>0.999). The average recoveries ranged from 97.7% to 104.9% with RSDs≤3.1%. Precision, repeatability and stability met the requirements. The results showed that the conents of all the analytes in ancient and modern Baihe Dihuang decoction were significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion: The methods used in this experiment are accurate, sensitive, stable and reproducible, which can provide reference for the quality control and pharmacodynamic material basic research of Baihe Dihuang Decoction.

Baihe Dihuang decoction  /  ancient and modern differences  /  polysaccharides  /  monosaccharides  /  UPLC  /  different components
贾福康, 冯健辉, 王碧莹, 刘荣崴, 陈随清, 付钰. 基于多组分分析的百合地黄汤古、今组方化学成分差异性研究. 药物分析杂志, 2024 , 44 (9) : 1535 -1550 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0123
Fu-kang JIA, Jian-hui FENG, Bi-ying WANG, Rong-wei LIU, Sui-qing CHEN, Yu FU. Study on chemical composition difference between ancient and modern Baihe Dihuang decoction based on multi-component analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2024 , 44 (9) : 1535 -1550 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0123
正文
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百合地黄汤（BDD）源自汉代张仲景著《金贵要略·百合狐惑阴阳毒病脉证治第三》，由百合与地黄2味中药组成，有养阴清热、补益心肺的功效，是治疗百合病的主方[1]。该方历史悠久，疗效确切，沿用至今。为2018年国家中医药管理局颁布的第1批《古代经典名方目录》收录方剂。但在该方传承过程中，清代以前（古代）与现代临床应用有诸多不同。百合地黄汤在古代（汉至清代）以鲜百合和鲜地黄汁组方[2-3]，主要治疗由阴虚内热而引发的百合病[4-5]。而在现代临床中，为了方便保存药材以及保证药材质量的均一性，以干百合与生地黄组方，主要用于治疗抑郁[6]、焦虑等神经性疾病[7-8]。该方剂古代组方与现代组方在化学成分上有何差异，两者功效上是否等同，都关系到该方合理的临床应用与高水平中药制剂的研发。
百合地黄汤中地黄具有较高含量的水苏糖、梓醇与益母草苷，有多篇文献报道，水苏糖具有改善肠道菌群结构和改善脂代谢的能力[9]，梓醇与益母草苷具有神经保护作用以及抗氧化、抗衰老的活性[10]。百合以王百合苷A等酚酸甘油酯类化合物为主要的非极性小分子成分，其中王百合苷A、王百合苷C具有改善抑郁症的药效活性[12]。现阶段，虽然多数学者认为百合地黄汤古、今用法有所不同，但对古代组方与现代组方化学成分及药效的差异性分析研究鲜有报道。多数研究也只关注于百合地黄汤中的非极性成分，对于含量较高的极性成分研究较少。本研究采用紫外分光光度仪、高效液相色谱串联电喷雾检测器（UPLC-CAD）及液质联用（UPLC-MS）仪，分别从多糖、单寡糖及非极性成分3个方面，全面阐述百合地黄汤古代方与现代方化学成分差异，以期为该方的高品质中药产品开发及临床应用提供依据。
1　仪器与试药
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Vanquish-F超高效液相色谱仪联合电喷雾检测器（Thermo Fisher Scientific公司），超高液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱仪（Agilent公司，6546HPLC-Q-TOF-MS系统），6475HPLC-QQQ MS超高液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱仪（Agilent公司），Milli-Q超纯水机（Millipore公司），赛多利斯百万分之一分析天平（赛多利斯科技仪器有限公司），Centrifuge 5810R高速冷冻离心机（Eppendorf公司），KQ-500DV型数控超声波清洗器（昆山市超声仪器有限公司），FDU-1200冷冻干燥机（东京理化有限公司）。
甲醇、乙腈（MREDA公司）、异丙醇（赛默飞世尔科技有限公司）均为质谱级；超纯水为实验室自制。
对照品D-果糖（纯度≥98%，批号B74571）、葡萄糖（纯度≥98%，批号S11022）、蔗糖（纯度≥98%，批号B21647）、蜜二糖（纯度≥98%，批号B20866）均购自上海源叶生物科技有限公司；棉子糖（纯度≥98%，批号E1309084）购自上海Aladdin公司；水苏糖（纯度≥95%，批号GSXA-7SK4）购自中国食品药品检定研究院；梓醇（纯度≥98%，批号Z-005-180315）、地黄苷A（纯度≥98%，批号D-083-170310）均购自北京中科质检生物有限公司；地黄苷D（纯度≥98%，批号AF20120402）购自成都埃法科技有限公司；益母草苷（纯度≥98%，批号MUST-21121010）、王百合苷A（纯度≥98%，批号MUST-21083118）、王百合苷B（纯度≥98%，批号MUST-21031701）、王百合苷C(纯度≥98%，批号D18GB171918)、王百合苷E（纯度≥98%，批号D21GB172076）均购自成都曼思特生物科技有限公司。
新鲜百合、新鲜地黄、生地黄、干百合均从产地购买，经河南中医药大学中药资源与鉴定教研中心陈随清教授鉴定，分别为玄参科植物地黄Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.的新鲜及干燥块根，百合科植物百合Lilium brownii F.E. Brown var. viridulum Baker的新鲜及干燥鳞茎。根据随机数表法分别将百合地黄汤古代方、现代方中的2味药材随机组合及排序，分别组成15批样品，对应药材批次及产地如表1、2所示。
2　方法与结果
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2.1　百合地黄汤现代临床用法文献研究
2.1.1　文献来源
万方数据库、维普数据库、中国知网所收录文献以“百合地黄汤”、“临床应用”为主题词进行检索。
2.1.2　纳入标准
文献为临床研究性论文，使用百合地黄汤原方或在原方基础上加味的文献，处方中各药物的剂量必须明确，百合地黄汤联合其他治疗方式的文献。
2.1.3　排除标准
动物实验研究类文献，百合地黄汤作为阳性对照的文献，理论研究、综述类文献，体外细胞实验研究类文献，会议论文，无药物剂量或药物剂量不明确的文献；重复文献。
2.1.4　文献研究结果
将以上文献库进行文献剔重，并按照纳入与排除标准对文献进行筛选，将所纳入文献按序号录入处方组成、剂量、主治病证、文献来源、文献名称等字段，对现代百合地黄汤临床应用研究共137篇文献进行分析，其中有125篇使用生干地黄与干百合配伍，对比干百合与生干地黄处方配伍不同比例与剂量的使用频次，其中生干地黄与干百合用量比例为1∶1的频率达40次，在此基础上干百合与生干地黄剂量应用以30 g较多，频次达13次，如图1所示，同时使剂量上与《金贵要略》所载的“分温再服”保持一致，故研究采用30 g干生地黄与30 g干百合为百合地黄汤现代组方。
2.2　百合地黄汤古代及现代方剂制备
2.2.1　百合地黄汤现代方
依照“2.1.1”项下文献考察结果，结合前期研究制备百合地黄汤现代方剂。称取生地黄30 g，置于砂锅，加纯净水400 mL，煮沸后继续煎煮40 min，至煎液200 mL，过滤，滤液以纯净水补足体积得地黄滤液，备用。另取干百合30 g，同法煎煮，得百合滤液。百合及地黄滤液混合后，置于砂锅，煎煮至300 mL，以200目滤网过滤，补足体积。冻干即得现代方（BDD-M）供试品。
2.2.2　百合地黄汤古代方
根据国家中医药管理局发布的第四批《古代经典名方关键信息表》与本课题组前期研究[14]，制备百合地黄汤古代方剂：取鲜百合245 g，置于砂锅，加纯净水400 mL，以武火煮沸改文火煎煮至200 mL，过滤，滤液以纯净水补足体积得百合煎液。百合煎液中加入鲜地黄汁200 mL（鲜地黄榨汁），以武火煮沸，文火煎煮至300 mL，趁热过200目滤网，收集滤液，冻干即得古代方（BDD-A）供试品。
2.3　百合地黄汤古、今方多糖总量的测定
2.3.1　对照品溶液的制备
取葡萄糖对照品适量，精密称定，以超纯水溶解，定容，稀释成含量为1.20 mg·mL-1的对照品溶液，备用。
2.3.2　供试品溶液的制备
精密称定百合地黄汤古代方与现代方冻干粉各30 mg，以超纯水定容，涡旋，超声（功率250 W，频率40 kHz）30 min，以8 000 r·min-1离心20 min，移取上清液1.5 mL置于15 mL离心管中，加无水乙醇7.5 mL，涡旋，静置2 h，8 000 r·min-1离心20 min，弃去上清液得百合地黄汤总多糖沉淀。沉淀以超纯水溶解，定容至10 mL，得百合地黄汤多糖溶液。精密量取多糖溶液1 mL，用超纯水定容于10 mL量瓶中，即稀释至线性关系范围内，超声混匀备用。
2.3.3　多糖测定方法
采用蒽酮-硫酸法进行多糖含量测定。取待测溶液1 mL于棕色具塞试管中，加入0.2%蒽酮-硫酸溶液4 mL，充分震摇混匀，沸水浴20 min，冰水浴10 min后在紫外分光光度计580 nm波长下测定吸收度，代入标准曲线，计算各供试品多糖含量。
2.3.4　多糖测定方法学考察
线性关系及范围：取2.3.1”项对照品溶液适量，用超纯水分别稀释为0.03、0.04、0.05、0.06、0.07、0.08、0.09 mg·mL-1的线性对照品溶液，按“2.3.3”项方法测定吸收度，以吸收度Y为纵坐标，以质量浓度X为横坐标，绘制标准曲线，得回归方程：
质量浓度在0.03~0.09 mg·mL-1与吸收度呈线性关系。
精密度、重复性、加样回收率考察：按照“2.3.2”项方法制备供试品溶液，精密量取BDD-M2多糖供试品溶液1 mL，依照“2.3.3” 项方法平行测定6次，结果峰面积的RSD为1.1%，精密度良好；按照“2.3.2”项方法制备6份供试品容液，依照“2.3.3”项方法测定吸收度计算含量并计算RSD，得平均含量为（15.50±0.48）%，RSD=3.3%，重复性良好；精密称取已知含量的百合地黄汤冻干粉，按照“2.3.2”项方法平行制备6份，分别加入100%含量的对照品溶液，按照“2.3.3”项方法进行测定，计算多糖的平均加样回收率为97.7%，RSD为3.0%，准确度良好。
2.3.5　多糖含量测定结果
按照“2.3.2”项下的方法分别制备百合地黄汤古代方与现代方待测供试品溶液，按照“2.3.3”项的多糖测定方法对其进行测定。采用标准曲线法进行计算，结果如图2所示，15批现代方多糖含量为 3.2%~19.6%，平均值为（8.79±5.22）%，组内差异较大。而古代方多糖含量为2.6%~6.1%，平均值为（4.5±1.13）%，明显低于现代方多糖含量，说明百合地黄汤古、今用法中多糖组分差异较大。
2.4　百合地黄汤古、今方单、寡糖含量的测定
2.4.1　对照品溶液的制备
取各单、寡糖对照品适量，精密称定，使用超纯水溶解并定容，分别制成含果糖0.57 mg·mL-1、蔗糖5.95 mg·mL-1、棉子糖2.69 mg·mL-1、蜜二糖1.27 mg·mL-1、甘露三糖2.98 mg·mL-1、水苏糖10.87 mg·mL-1的对照品溶液。
2.4.2　供试品溶液的制备
精密称取“2.3.2”项百合地黄汤现代方与古代方冻干粉各30 mg，分别以超纯水定容至2 mL量瓶中，涡旋3 min，超声（功率250 W，频率40 kHz）15 min，13 000 r·min-1离心15 min，经0.22 μm微孔滤膜过滤后备用。
2.4.3　色谱条件
Agilent Infinity Lab Poroshell 120 HILIC-Z色谱柱（100 mm×3.0 mm，2.7 μm），流动相A为0.2%氨水-乙腈，流动相B为0.2%氨水-纯水，梯度洗脱（0~5 min，5% B；5~45 min，5% B→35% B；45~50 min，35% B→5% B；50~60 min，5% B），流量为0.8 mL·min-1，柱温为35 ℃，CAD温度为70 ℃，滤波为1.05 s，数据采集频率为10 Hz，进样量为2 μL。
2.4.4　单寡糖含量测定方法学考察
线性关系及范围：精密称取果糖、蔗糖、蜜二糖、棉子糖、甘露三糖、水苏糖对照品适量，分别制成不同浓度梯度的对照品溶液，按照“2.4.3”项色谱条件进样，以对照品质量浓度X为横坐标，峰面积Y为纵坐标，绘制标准曲线（其中果糖和蔗糖以对照品质量浓度的对数为横坐标，峰面积的对数为纵坐标），绘制标准曲线，如表3所示，各成分在各自浓度范围内线性关系良好。
精密度考察：使用“2.4.1”项方法制备对照品溶液，在“2.4.3”项色谱条件连续进样6次，结果表明各成分峰面积RSD均小于2.0%，说明仪器精密度良好。
重复性：使用“2.4.2”项方法制备供试品溶液6份，在“2.4.3”项色谱条件连续进样，通过峰面积计算各成分含量并计算RSD，结果显示各成分含量的RSD均小于2.0%，说明本实验中采用的单、寡糖含量测定方法重复性较好。
稳定性：使用“2.4.2”项方法制备供试品溶液，在“2.4.3”项色谱条件下分别于2、4、6、8、12、24 h进样测定，计算得到各成分峰面积的RSD均小于2.0%，说明本实验制得供试品溶液的稳定性良好。
加样回收率：精密称取BDD-M10样品30 mg，按照“2.4.2”项方法平行制备6份，分别加入100%浓度的果糖、蔗糖、蜜二糖、棉子糖、甘露三糖、水苏糖对照品溶液，按照“2.4.3”项色谱条件进样测定，计算果糖、蔗糖、蜜二糖、棉子糖、甘露三糖、水苏糖的平均加样回收率分别为98.8%、100.4%、100.3%、102.1%、97.9%、98.4%，RSD为1.2%、2.9%、1.7%、1.1%、2.5%、1.5%，结果说明单、寡糖的测定方法准确度良好。
2.4.5　各供试品单、寡糖含量测定
按“2.4.3”项条件对供试样品进行分析，结果显示百合地黄汤古代方与现代方均含有蔗糖、棉子糖和水苏糖。现代方同时检测到果糖、蜜二糖及甘露三糖，而上述3种糖类在古代方中均存在未检出，如图3所示。
分别采用外标一点法与外标两点对数法测定各供试品溶液中6个糖类含量，表4为6个糖类成分在各方剂中的分布情况；可知，百合地黄汤现代方中单、寡糖的种类较古代方多。但在单、寡糖总量上，古代方为（81.59±4.44）%，现代方为（65.56±8.20）%，古代方显著高于现代方。在6个糖类中水苏糖在古代方中含量均值为（60.65±4.51）%，而在现代方中含量（35.79±5.09）%，说明该糖是引起糖类在古、今方中差异的主要因素。蔗糖在古代方和现代方中含量分别为（15.24±2.18）%和（15.56±5.65）%，棉子糖在古代方和现代方中含量分别为（5.55±0.85）%和（5.89±0.84）%，说明此2种糖类在古、今方剂中无明显差别。果糖在15批现代方中平均含量为（3.26±1.19）%。蜜二糖，甘露三糖在现代方组中含量均值分别为（1.16±0.32）%和（3.87±2.09）%，但二者在古代方中均未检出。结果说明百合地黄汤古代方和现代方在单、寡糖的种类和含量上有明显差异。
2.5　百合地黄汤古、今方非极性成分HPLC-Q TOF MS分析
2.5.1　对照品溶液制备
分别取梓醇、地黄苷D、地黄苷A、益母草苷、王百合苷C、王百合苷A、王百合苷B、王百合苷E、王百合苷F的对照品适量，精密称定，以超纯水溶解，定容于10 mL量瓶，得各对照品质量浓度约为1 mg·mL-1的对照品溶液，备用。
2.5.2　供试品溶液制备
精密称取各批次百合地黄汤古代方与现代方冻干粉15 mg，用超纯水定容于1 mL量瓶中，超声（功率250 W，频率40 kHz）30 min，13 000 r·min-1离心15 min，取上清，备用。分别取各批次提取物0.1 mL，混匀后备用作为质控样品。
2.5.3　HPLC-Q TOF MS分析
色谱条件：采用Aglient Infinity Lab Poroshell 120 SB-C18（2.1 mm×100 mm，1.8 μm）色谱柱，以0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相A，乙腈为流动相B，梯度洗脱（0~20 min，1% B→5% B；20~35 min，5% B→30% B；35~55 min，30% B→100% B），体积流量0.3 mL·min-1，进样量5 μL。质谱条件：采用电喷雾离子源（Dual AJS ESI）正、负离子模式采集质谱数据。鞘气流速为11 L·min-1，温度为350 ℃，氮气流速为9 L·min-1，毛细管温度为320 ℃，毛细管电压为3 500 V（正）和4 000 V（负），扫描范围m/z 50~1 500，碰撞能量为25 eV。
2.5.4　数据的采集处理
将供试品溶液按照所设定的色谱质谱条件进行分析和数据采集，数据运用Agilent Profinder 10.0软件（Agilent公司）对所得质谱数据进行峰对齐及峰提取等处理。将处理所得的峰面积、保留时间、Mass值组建为三维数据并导入SIMCA 14.1软件（Umetrics公司），进行主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(orthogonal partial leastsquares discrimination analysis，OPLS-DA)。同时将数据导入Agilent Mass Profiler Professional(MPP，Agilent Technologies)软件进行t检验及差异倍数分析，最终选取VIP≥1.5、P<0.05且差异倍数fold change>2的成分作为显著差异性成分。
2.5.5　百合地黄汤古代方及现代方非极性成分分析
百合地黄汤古代方及现代方经HPLC-Q TOF MS分析后得总离子流图（图4），由化学轮廓图可知，古代方和现代方非极性成分基本相同，主要在化合物含量上存在差异。为进一步探明2种方剂的差异成分，使用SIMCA 14.1软件对数据进行标准化处理，运用PCA法分别对正、负离子模式下百合地黄汤现代方和古代方样品进行分析（图5）。从正、负离子模式下PCA图可知，古代方和现代方明显分离，说明二者存在明显差异。为获得2种方剂间的差异信息，进一步采用OPLS-DA，如图5所示，在正离子模式下，2种方剂有较好的区分，R2X=0.662，R2Y=0.996，Q2=0.982；负离子模式下亦有较好的区分，R2X=0.624，R2Y=0.998，Q2=0.986。同时，分别对正、负离子OPLS-DA模型参数R2和Q2进行了200次的置换验证，Q2和R2的最终值接近1，说明模型建立有效。
差异化合物采用多变量OPLS-DA模型前2个主成分的VIP值≥1.5，结合单因素分析fold change>2和P<0.05三者取交集，得到潜在差异化合物。最终，根据化合物含量、对照品获取情况、文献研究情况等选取梓醇、益母草苷、地黄苷D、地黄苷A、王百合苷A、王百合苷B、王百合苷C、王百合苷E、王百合苷F等9个成分进行进一步研究。
2.6　百合地黄汤差异性成分HPLC-QQQ MS定量分析
2.6.1　混合对照品溶液的制备
以“2.5.1”项下对照品溶液制备方法，制备梓醇、益母草苷、地黄苷A、地黄苷D、王百合苷A、王百合苷B、王百合苷C、王百合苷E、王百合苷F混合对照品溶液，用超纯水分别逐级稀释后，备用。
2.6.2　供试品溶液的制备
精密称取各批次百合地黄汤古代、现代方冻干粉20 mg，用超纯水定容于2 mL量瓶中，超声溶解（功率250 W，频率40 kHz）30 min，在13 000 r·min-1离心15 min，取上清，备用。
2.6.3　内标溶液的制备
精密称定7-O-甲基莫诺苷对照品适量，用超纯水制成304.7 ng·mL-1的内标溶液，于4 ℃冰箱保存备用；供试品溶液进样前，等体积加入上述内标溶液。
2.6.4　色谱条件
采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3（2.1 mm×100 mm，1.8 μm）色谱柱；以0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相A，乙腈溶液为流动相B，梯度洗脱（0~27 min，0~35% B；27~28 min，35% B→100% B；28~32 min，100% B），体积流量0.3 mL·min-1，进样量2 μL。
2.6.5　质谱条件
采用电喷雾离子源（ESI）正、负离子Scan模式采集待测定成分的质谱母离子信息。鞘气流量为11 L·min-1，雾化气压力为0.241 MPa，温度为350 ℃；干燥气流量为11 L·min-1，干燥气温度为325 ℃，鞘气温度为350 ℃；毛细管电压为3 500 V（正）和4 000 V（负）；导入母离子信息后，优化多重反应监测（MRM）采集模式参数见表5；谱图信息如图6。
2.6.6　方法学考察及结果
线性关系及范围：取“2.6.1”项下各梯度浓度混合对照品溶液加入“2.6.3”项下等体积内标溶液，按“2.6.4”项下液相色谱条件与“2.6.5”项下质谱条件进样分析。分别以各对照品峰面积与内标峰面积的比值Y为纵坐标，以各分析物质量浓度X为横坐标，进行线性回归，结果表明各分析化合物在相应范围内线性关系良好（r>0.999 2），符合本方法学要求，具体结果见表6。
精密度、重复性、稳定性：取“2.6.1”项下的混合对照品溶液，同一天内连续平行进样6次测定日内精密度，连续3 d平行进样6次测定日间精密度，计算各成分峰面积的日内及日间RSD均小于2.8%，说明仪器精密度良好。按照“2.6.2”项下方法取同一批样品平行制备6份供试品溶液，并制备随行标准曲线系列梯度浓度混合对照品溶液，加入“2.6.3”项下等体积内标溶液，依次平行进样，计算各成分的含量及RSD，RSD均小于2.7%，说明样品测定方法重复性良好。按照“2.6.2”项下方法制备供试品溶液，分别于0、2、4、8、12、24 h平行进样，通过峰面积计算各成分的RSD，RSD均小于2.8%，说明本实验制备的供试品溶液稳定性良好，结果见表7。
加样回收率：取已知含量的供试品，精密称定6份，根据已知各成分含量1∶1加入各对照品溶液，按照“2.6.2”项下方法制备供试溶液，进行含量测定，各成分平均加样回收率在98.1%~104.9%范围内，RSD均小于2.3%，见表7，说明本实验方法有良好的定量准确度。
2.6.7　百合地黄汤古代方与现代方中9个差异性成分含量测定结果
采用HPLC-QQQ MS法对各批次方剂中的9个差异性成分进行含量测定，测得9个差异性成分在古代方中的平均总量为2.75%，在现代方中平均总量为1.84%，且均具有显著性差异，P<0.05。在百合地黄汤中梓醇含量明显高于其他8个测定成分含量，其在古代方中平均含量为（2.025±0.228 4）%，现代方中平均含量为(1.059 5±0.521 9)%，可知百合地黄汤古代方中梓醇含量明显高于现代方含量；益母草苷、王百合苷F、王百合苷E、王百合苷C与地黄苷A在古代方中含量明显高于现代方，王百合苷A、地黄苷D与王百合苷B在现代方中含量明显高于古代方；各差异性成分含量结果如表8所示。
2.7　差异性成分整合分析
对百合地黄汤古代方及现代方中多糖、单寡糖、非极性成分进行整合分析，如图8所示。结果显示，本研究所分析的多糖、6个单、寡糖及9个非极性差异成分在百合地黄汤中约占比80%。3个成分在现代方和古代方中均存在明显差异，其中单、寡糖类是引起百合地黄汤古代方和现代方差异的主要组分。
3　讨论
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百合地黄汤自汉代记载后，被历代医家沿用。文献调研发现[9]清代及之前，均沿用《金匮要略》中“百合七枚 （擘），生地黄汁一升”的计量，各朝代间没有显著变化。其中地黄采用鲜药捣汁入药，用量为150~300 mL，以200 mL居多。本研究亦对地黄榨汁出汁率进行了考察[14]，发现每100 g新鲜地黄榨汁可出汁50 mL，古代方中200 mL地黄汁所用鲜地黄约为400 g。在国家中医药管理局发布的第4批《古代经典名方关键信息表》中百合地黄汤中百合的用量为245 g，古代用法中两药材用量比介于1∶1和1∶2之间，与现代用法中两药材比例接近。
单、寡糖是引起百合地黄汤古代方及现代方成分差异的主要因素，该类成分在15批现代方中含量差异较大，RSD为12.1%，而在15批次古代方中较为稳定RSD为5.5%，说明干燥过程会影响地黄和百合中单、寡糖类成分的含量及均一性。古代方中水苏糖占比60.65%，而果糖、甘露三糖、蜜二糖由于含量低于检测限未检出；现代方中水苏糖占比为36.17%，且6个糖类成分均有检出。推测为药材的干燥引起单寡糖之间的相互转化。文献报道鲜地黄在加工为生地黄的过程中，鲜药中的寡糖会因加热发生水解，其中水苏糖会脱去果糖生成甘露三糖[15]，棉子糖则会脱去果糖生成蜜二糖[16]，故在现代方中均能检测到果糖、蜜二糖及甘露三糖。在使用HPLC-CAD进行定量时发现通过调节pH稳定在10左右可以获得分离度与对称性良好的色谱峰[19]，其中果糖在氨性环境中变旋现象消失，从而使其色谱峰从变旋后的立体异构双峰变为单峰[20]。
古代方与现代方多糖含量差异明显，推测为在鲜药材干燥过程中大量的苷类、寡糖类[21]等物质裂解生成单糖，从而进一步聚合成多糖，导致多糖的含量增加[22]。也有文献报道，新鲜药材的炮制易导致细胞膜破坏从而使多糖溶出[23]，增加药材水煎液中多糖的含量。
对百合地黄汤古、今方中9个非极性差异性成分进行含量测定，结果表明各成分含量差异明显。梓醇、益母草苷、地黄苷D与地黄苷A为环烯醚萜苷类化合物，均来自于地黄。文献报道[24]，梓醇与益母草苷为环烯醚萜单糖苷，热稳定性较差，加热易发生降解，推测鲜地黄加工成生干地黄的过程是导致现代方中梓醇与益母草苷含量降低的重要原因，且梓醇含量在现代方组内也有较大差异，可能与鲜地黄加工成为生干地黄的工艺条件存在差异有关。王百合苷A、B、C、E、F为酚酸甘油酯类化合物，均来自于百合。推测该类成分在鲜药中易被酶解而含量降低，经过加工可使酶失活[24]，从而维持该类成分在现代方中含量的稳定。也有文献报道[25]，在加工过程中细胞快速破裂，释放出大量的酚酸甘油酯类成分，但同时也破坏了热敏感的酚酸甘油酯类物质，使得该类成分含量在古、今方中产生差异。
综上所述，本文通过比较百合地黄汤古代方与现代方中多糖含量、单寡糖含量以及非极性小分子含量，可知百合地黄汤古代方与现代方的化学成分组成存在较大差异，但其疗效与相关的作用机制是否存在较大差异仍需要进一步研究阐明。
基金
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  • 2023年河南省青年骨干教师培养计划(2023GGJS081)
  • 河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(23A360002)
文献
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2024年第44卷第9期
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doi: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2024-0123
  • 接收时间：2024-02-27
  • 首发时间：2026-03-17
  • 出版时间：2024-09-30
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  • 收稿日期：2024-02-27
基金
2023年河南省青年骨干教师培养计划(2023GGJS081)
河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(23A360002)
作者信息
    1.河南中医药大学　药学院，郑州　450046
    2.河南中医药大学　豫药全产业链研发河南省协同创新中心，郑州　450046
    3.河南中医药大学　呼吸病协同创新中心，郑州　450046

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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